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Tan Y, Zhang X. Diagnostic accuracy of FibroScan-AST (FAST) score, non-alcoholic fatty liver fibrosis score (NFS), FibroScan, and liver fibrosis index (FIB-4) for identifying fibrotic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in patients with chronic hepatitis B with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. Ann Med 2024; 56:2420858. [PMID: 39460547 PMCID: PMC11514388 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2420858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic value of the FibroScan-AST (FAST) score, non-alcoholic fatty liver fibrosis score (NFS), FibroScan, and liver fibrosis index (FIB-4) for identifying fibrotic non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). METHODS All patients with CHB and MAFLD who underwent liver biopsy at the Zhenjiang Third Hospital affiliated with Jiangsu University between August 2010 and December 2022 were included in the analysis. The diagnostic accuracy of FAST, NFS, FibroScan, and FIB-4 for diagnosing NASH and liver fibrosis were evaluated based on the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC). RESULTS A total of 156 patients with CHB combined with MAFLD were included, including 69 with NASH and fibrosis stage 2 or higher (NASH+F ≥ 2), and 16 with NASH and cirrhosis (NASH+F4). The AUC of FAST, NFS, liver stiffness measurement (LSM), and FIB-4 for diagnosing NASH+F ≥ 2 was 0.739 (p < 0.001), 0.643 (p = 0.006), 0.754 (p < 0.001), and 0.665 (p = 0.003), respectively. The specificity of FAST, NFS, LSM, and FIB-4 was 67%, 51.8%, 78.6% and 76.8%, respectively, and the sensitivity was 75%, 78.6%, 67.9%, and 53.6%, respectively. No significant differences were found between groups. The AUC of FAST, NFS, LSM, and FIB-4 for diagnosing NASH+F4 was 0.650 (p = 0.038), 0.725 (p = 0.001), 0.851 (p < 0.001), and 0.560 (p = 0.533), respectively. The specificity of the FAST, NFS, LSM, and FIB-4 was 55.9%, 50.0%, 71.6%, and 75.5%, respectively and the sensitivity was 80.0%, 100%, 100%, and 50.0%, respectively. The differences between AUCs of FIB-4 and FAST compared with LSM were 0.291 and 0.201, respectively (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In patients with CHB combined with MAFLD, FAST did not have better accuracy than NFS and FIB-4 for predicting fibrotic NASH, whereas LSM had better accuracy than FAST and FIB-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwen Tan
- Department of Hepatology, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Hepatology, The Third Hospital of Zhenjiang Affiliated Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Hong WL, Huang H, Zeng X, Duan CY. Targeting mitochondrial quality control: new therapeutic strategies for major diseases. Mil Med Res 2024; 11:59. [PMID: 39164792 PMCID: PMC11337860 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-024-00556-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a crucial role in maintaining the normal physiological state of cells. Hence, ensuring mitochondrial quality control is imperative for the prevention and treatment of numerous diseases. Previous reviews on this topic have however been inconsistencies and lack of systematic organization. Therefore, this review aims to provide a comprehensive and systematic overview of mitochondrial quality control and explore the possibility of targeting the same for the treatment of major diseases. This review systematically summarizes three fundamental characteristics of mitochondrial quality control, including mitochondrial morphology and dynamics, function and metabolism, and protein expression and regulation. It also extensively examines how imbalances in mitochondrial quality are linked to major diseases, such as ischemia-hypoxia, inflammatory disorders, viral infections, metabolic dysregulations, degenerative conditions, and tumors. Additionally, the review explores innovative approaches to target mitochondrial quality control, including using small molecule drugs that regulate critical steps in maintaining mitochondrial quality, nanomolecular materials designed for precise targeting of mitochondria, and novel cellular therapies, such as vesicle therapy and mitochondrial transplantation. This review offers a novel perspective on comprehending the shared mechanisms underlying the occurrence and progression of major diseases and provides theoretical support and practical guidance for the clinical implementation of innovative therapeutic strategies that target mitochondrial quality control for treating major diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Long Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Xue Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Chen-Yang Duan
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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Wang Y, Hu Y, Li J, Ma H, Shi Z, Wen C, Long Y, Li Z, Sun H, Yang Y, Shi X. Argonaute-2 autoantibodies: a promising biomarker for predicting mortality in HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure patients with cirrhosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1407064. [PMID: 39119295 PMCID: PMC11306186 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1407064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background & aims HBV infection initiates autoimmune responses, leading to autoantibody generation. This research explores the role of autoantibodies in HBV-related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF), offering novel perspectives for clinical management. Method We applied immunoprecipitation and iTRAQ techniques to screen for autoantibodies in serum from HBV-related cirrhosis patients and conducted detection with conformation- stabilizing ELISA in a cohort of 238 HBV-infected individuals and 49 health controls. Our results were validated in a retrospective cohort comprising 106 ACLF patients and further assessed through immunohistochemical analysis in liver tissues from an additional 10 ACLF cases. Results Utilizing iTRAQ, we identified Argonaute1-3 autoantibodies (AGO-Abs) in this research. AGO2-Abs notably increased in cirrhosis, decompensation, and further in ACLF, unlike AGO1-Abs and AGO3-Abs. This reflects disease severity correlation. Logistic regression and COX models confirmed AGO2-Abs as independent prognostic indicators for decompensated liver cirrhosis (DLC) and ACLF. In the ROC analysis, AGO2-Abs showed significant diagnostic value for predicting 28- and 90-day mortality (AUROC = 0.853 and 0.854, respectively). Furthermore, combining AGO2-Abs with the Child-Pugh, MELD, and AARC scores significantly improved their predictive accuracy (P < 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed poorer survival for AGO2-Abs levels above 99.14μg/ml. These findings were supported by a retrospective validation cohort. Additionally, immunohistochemistry revealed band-like AGO2 expression in periportal liver areas, with AGO2-Abs levels correlating with total bilirubin, indicating a potential role in exacerbating liver damage through periportal functions. Conclusions AGO2-Abs is a robust biomarker for predicting the mortality of patients with HBV-related ACLF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huailu Ma
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongqi Shi
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaojing Wen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Long
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziwei Li
- Central Laboratory, Chongqing University FuLing Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Hang Sun
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yixuan Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Infectious Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute for Viral Hepatitis, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Hou J, Sun H, Lu B, Yue Y, Li X, Ban K, Fu M, Zhang B, Luo X. Accelerated biological aging mediated associations of ammonium, sulfate in fine particulate matter with liver cirrhosis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 929:172638. [PMID: 38643869 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although both air pollution and aging are related to the development of liver cirrhosis, the role of biological aging in association of the mixture of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its constituents with liver cirrhosis was unknown. METHODS This case-control retrospective study included 100 liver cirrhosis patients and 100 control subjects matched by age and sex. The concentrations of PM2.5 and its constituents were estimated for patients using machine-learning methods. The clinical biomarkers were used to calculate biological age using the Klemera-Doubalmethod (KDM) algorithms. Individual associations of PM2.5 and its constituents or biological age with liver cirrhosis were analyzed by generalized linear models. WQS and BKMR were applied to analyze association of mixture of PM2.5 and its constituents with liver cirrhosis. The mediation effect of biological age on associations of PM2.5 and its constituents with liver cirrhosis was further explored. RESULTS we found that each 1-unit increment in NH4+, NO3-, SO42- and biological age were related to 3.618-fold (95%CI: 1.896, 6.904), 1.880-fold (95%CI: 1.319, 2.680), 2.955-fold (95%CI: 1.656, 5.272) and 1.244-fold (95%CI: 1.093, 1.414) increased liver cirrhosis. Both WQS and BKMR models showed that the mixture of PM2.5 and its constituents was related to increased liver cirrhosis. Furthermore, the mediated proportion of biological age on associations of NH4+ and SO42- with liver cirrhosis were 14.7 % and 14.6 %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Biological aging may partly explain the exposure to PM2.5 and its constituents in association with increased risk for liver cirrhosis, implying that delaying the aging process may be a key step for preventing PM2.5-related liver cirrhosis risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Huizhen Sun
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hubei, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Bingxin Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Yanqin Yue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xianxi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Kangjia Ban
- School of Architecture, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Mengze Fu
- School of Architecture, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
| | - Bingyong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
| | - Xiaoying Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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Li W, Li Y, Zhao J, Liao J, Wen W, Chen Y, Cui H. Release of damaged mitochondrial DNA: A novel factor in stimulating inflammatory response. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 258:155330. [PMID: 38733868 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a circular double-stranded genome that exists independently of the nucleus. In recent years, research on mtDNA has significantly increased, leading to a gradual increase in understanding of its physiological and pathological characteristics. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other factors can damage mtDNA. This damaged mtDNA can escape from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm or extracellular space, subsequently activating immune signaling pathways, such as NLR family pyrin domain protein 3 (NLRP3), and triggering inflammatory responses. Numerous studies have demonstrated the involvement of mtDNA damage and leakage in the pathological mechanisms underlying various diseases including infectious diseases, metabolic inflammation, and immune disorders. Consequently, comprehensive investigation of mtDNA can elucidate the pathological mechanisms underlying numerous diseases. The prevention of mtDNA damage and leakage has emerged as a novel approach to disease treatment, and mtDNA has emerged as a promising target for drug development. This article provides a comprehensive review of the mechanisms underlying mtDNA-induced inflammation, its association with various diseases, and the methods used for its detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yuting Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of TCM Endocrinology, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan 650021, China
| | - Jiabao Liao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Weibo Wen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan 650500, China.
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of TCM Encephalopathy, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan 650021, China.
| | - Huantian Cui
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan 650500, China.
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Chen P, Yao L, Yuan M, Wang Z, Zhang Q, Jiang Y, Li L. Mitochondrial dysfunction: A promising therapeutic target for liver diseases. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101115. [PMID: 38299199 PMCID: PMC10828599 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver is an important metabolic and detoxification organ and hence demands a large amount of energy, which is mainly produced by the mitochondria. Liver tissues of patients with alcohol-related or non-alcohol-related liver diseases contain ultrastructural mitochondrial lesions, mitochondrial DNA damage, disturbed mitochondrial dynamics, and compromised ATP production. Overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species induces oxidative damage to mitochondrial proteins and mitochondrial DNA, decreases mitochondrial membrane potential, triggers hepatocyte inflammation, and promotes programmed cell death, all of which impair liver function. Mitochondrial DNA may be a potential novel non-invasive biomarker of the risk of progression to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in patients infected with the hepatitis B virus. We herein present a review of the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of acute liver injury and chronic liver diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, viral hepatitis, drug-induced liver injury, alcoholic liver disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This review also discusses mitochondrion-centric therapies for treating liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Lichao Yao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Mengqin Yuan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Qiuling Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Yingan Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
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Xiong QF, Zou L, Chen ZJ, Liu HL, Lu YJ, Liu DX, Yang YF. Etiologies of Persistent Aminotransferase Elevations in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients Treated with Nucleos(t)ide Analogs. THE TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF TURKISH SOCIETY OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2024; 35:497-504. [PMID: 39101697 PMCID: PMC11232064 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2024.23512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Background/Aims: Recent studies revealed that patients with persistent aminotransferase elevations after antiviral treatment had higher risk of hepatic events; yet its underlying causes remain unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the etiologies of persistent aminotransferase elevations in patients treated with nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs). Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who had been receiving NA treatment for over a year and had an aminotransferase level greater than 40 IU/mL (more than twice, with a 3-month interval) and subsequently underwent a liver biopsy. Results: The study group included 46 patients (34 males) with a mean age of 44.8 ± 20.3 years (range: 24-71 years).The average dura- tion of NA therapy was 3.7 years (1.1-10.6 years). The etiologies of persistant transaminase elevation were categorized into 4 groups: patients with low hepatitis B virus (HBV) viral load (LVL, n = 11); concurrent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD, n = 12); concurrent other liver diseases (OLD, n = 12); and unknown liver dysfunction (ULD, n = 11). The proportion of G ≥ 2 inflammation was significantly higher in the LVL group (90.9%) compared to NAFLD (33.3%), OLD (50%), and ULD (27.2%) groups (P = .012). The hepatitis B e-antigen (HBeAg)-positive group exhibited a younger age (34.5 ± 10.2 vs. 48.1 ± 9.4 years, P < .001), a lower proportion of fibrosis F ≥ 2 (36.3% vs. 77.1%, P = .012), and a higher prevalence of detectable HBV DNA (54.5% vs.14.2%, P = .00632) compared to the HBeAg-negative group. Conclusion: The etiology of persistent aminotransferase elevations in CHB patients undergoing NAs treatment warrants investigation. Besides the commonly observed NAFLD and low HBV viral load, concurrent presence of other liver diseases requires elucidation.The proportion of G≥2 inflammation was higher in the LVL group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Fang Xiong
- Department of Liver Disease, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- The Clinical Infectious Disease Center of Nanjing, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Zou
- Department of Liver Disease, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- The Clinical Infectious Disease Center of Nanjing, Nanjing, China
| | - Zi-Jie Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Hong-Li Liu
- Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Jia Lu
- Department of Liver Disease, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- The Clinical Infectious Disease Center of Nanjing, Nanjing, China
| | - Du-Xian Liu
- The Clinical Infectious Disease Center of Nanjing, Nanjing, China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong-Feng Yang
- Department of Liver Disease, The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- The Clinical Infectious Disease Center of Nanjing, Nanjing, China
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Kwon A, Lee NY, Yu JH, Choi MG, Park J, Koo JH. Mitochondrial stress activates YAP/TAZ through RhoA oxidation to promote liver injury. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:51. [PMID: 38225223 PMCID: PMC10789791 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06448-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) and WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 (WWTR1; also known as TAZ) are the main effectors of the Hippo pathway and their dysregulation contributes to diseases in tissues including the liver. Although mitochondria are capable of transmitting signals to change transcriptomic landscape of diseased hepatocytes, such retrograde signaling and the related nuclear machinery are largely unknown. Here, we show that increased YAP activity is associated with mitochondrial stress during liver injury; and this is required for secondary inflammation, promoting hepatocyte death. Mitochondrial stress inducers robustly promoted YAP/TAZ dephosphorylation, nuclear accumulation, and target gene transcription. RNA sequencing revealed that the majority of mitochondrial stress transcripts required YAP/TAZ. Mechanistically, direct oxidation of RhoA by mitochondrial superoxide was responsible for PP2A-mediated YAP/TAZ dephosphorylation providing a novel physiological input for the Hippo pathway. Hepatocyte-specific Yap/Taz ablation suppressed acetaminophen-induced liver injury and blunted transcriptomic changes associated with the pathology. Our observations uncover unappreciated pathway of mitochondrial stress signaling and reveal YAP/TAZ activation as the mechanistic basis for liver injury progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Na Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyun Yu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Myeung Gi Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Jeongwoo Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Ja Hyun Koo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
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Qian H, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Zhao H, Cui J, Wang Z, Ye H, Fang X, Ge Z, Zhang Y, Ye L. ATR induces hepatic lipid metabolism disorder in rats by activating IRE1α/XBP1 signaling pathway. Toxicology 2024; 501:153696. [PMID: 38056589 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR) is a widely used herbicide and due to its persistence in environment and bioaccumulation, it can cause harmful impacts on human health. ATR exposure can lead to disorders of lipid metabolism in the liver, but its underlying mechanism is still unclear. 40 eight-week-old rats were given different doses of ATR (0, 0.5, 5 and 50 mg/kg/d) for 90 days. The liver tissue and serum were collected for histological observation and biochemical analysis. The levels of lipid and oxidative stress were assessed using colorimetry. Changes in MMP and ROS of liver cells were observed through flow cytometry. The expression of mRNA and protein was detected using Real-Time PCR and western blot. The results showed that TC and HDL-C levels in both the liver and serum were increased in the ATR-treated groups. The levels of MDA were accumulated, while the levels of SOD and GSH were depleted in the liver with ATR exposure. The expression of liver lipid metabolism related genes (SCD1, DGAT2, ACC1, PPARγ) was elevated. The liver ERS was activated and the gene expression of IRE1α/XBP1 signal pathway and GRP78, GRP94 in the liver was increased. There was a correlation between the levels of ERS and the levels of lipid metabolism. These results suggested that ATR can activate ERS and promote the expression of IRE1α/XBP1 signaling pathway, and further lead to lipid metabolism disorders in rat liver. This study can provide valuable insights as a reference for the prevention and control of hazards associated with agricultural residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Qian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yaming Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haotang Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianwei Cui
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziyu Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoqi Fang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhili Ge
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuezhu Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Zhang Y, Fan Y, Hu H, Zhang X, Wang Z, Wu Z, Wang L, Yu X, Song X, Xiang P, Zhang X, Wang T, Tan S, Li C, Gao L, Liang X, Li S, Li N, Yue X, Ma C. ZHX2 emerges as a negative regulator of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation during acute liver injury. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7527. [PMID: 37980429 PMCID: PMC10657347 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43439-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria dysfunction contributes to acute liver injuries, and mitochondrial regulators, such as PGC-1α and MCJ, affect liver regeneration. Therefore, identification of mitochondrial modulators may pave the way for developing therapeutic strategies. Here, ZHX2 is identified as a mitochondrial regulator during acute liver injury. ZHX2 both transcriptionally inhibits expression of several mitochondrial electron transport chain genes and decreases PGC-1α stability, leading to reduction of mitochondrial mass and OXPHOS. Loss of Zhx2 promotes liver recovery by increasing mitochondrial OXPHOS in mice with partial hepatectomy or CCl4-induced liver injury, and inhibition of PGC-1α or electron transport chain abolishes these effects. Notably, ZHX2 expression is higher in liver tissues from patients with drug-induced liver injury and is negatively correlated with mitochondrial mass marker TOM20. Delivery of shRNA targeting Zhx2 effectively protects mice from CCl4-induced liver injury. Together, our data clarify ZHX2 as a negative regulator of mitochondrial OXPHOS and a potential target for developing strategies for improving liver recovery after acute injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuchen Fan
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huili Hu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zehua Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhuanchang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangguo Yu
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaojia Song
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peng Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tixiao Wang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Siyu Tan
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunyang Li
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lifen Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaohong Liang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuijie Li
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nailin Li
- Department of Medicine-Solna, Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xuetian Yue
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Chunhong Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo Medical College of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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11
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Che Z, Zhou Z, Li SQ, Gao L, Xiao J, Wong NK. ROS/RNS as molecular signatures of chronic liver diseases. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:951-967. [PMID: 37704494 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The liver can succumb to oxidant damage during the development of chronic liver diseases. Despite their physiological relevance to hepatic homeostasis, excessive reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) production under pathological conditions is detrimental to all liver constituents. Chronic oxidative stress coupled to unresolved inflammation sets in motion the activation of profibrogenic hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and later pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. The liver antioxidant and repair systems, along with autophagic and ferroptotic machineries, are implicated in the onset and trajectory of disease development. In this review, we discuss the ROS/RNS-related mechanisms underlying liver fibrosis of distinct etiologies and highlight preclinical and clinical trials of antifibrotic therapies premised on remediating oxidative/nitrosative stress in hepatocytes or targeting HSC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodi Che
- Clinical Research Institute, Institute of Obesity and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Ziyuan Zhou
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen 518116, China; Clinical Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Si-Qi Li
- Clinical Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Lei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jia Xiao
- Clinical Research Institute, Institute of Obesity and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510000, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Clinical Research of Liver Diseases, Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266001, China.
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- Clinical Pharmacology Section, Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
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12
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Zheng Y, Wang XW, Xia CX. Effects of different intervention methods on psychological flexibility, negative emotions and sleep quality in chronic hepatitis B. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:753-762. [PMID: 38058686 PMCID: PMC10696293 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i10.753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) experience various problems, including low psychological flexibility, negative emotions, and poor sleep quality. Therefore, effective nursing interventions are required to reduce adverse events. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) combined with enabling cognitive-behavioral education (ECBE) can improve patients' psychological and sleep. Therefore, we speculate that this may also be effective in patients with CHB. AIM To investigate the effects of different intervention methods on psychological flexibility, negative emotions, and sleep quality in patients with CHB. METHODS This retrospective study examined clinical and evaluation data of 129 patients with CHB. Intervention methods were divided into a conventional group (routine nursing, n = 69) and a combination group (ACT combined with ECBE, n = 60). We observed changes in psychological flexibility, negative emotions, sleep quality, and self-care ability in both groups. Observation items were evaluated using the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-2nd Edition (AAQ-II), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Exercise of Self-Care Agency Scale (ESCA). RESULTS Compared with the conventional group, the AAQ-II score of the combined group was lower (Fbetween-group effect = 8.548; Ftime effects = 25.020; Finteraction effects = 52.930; all P < 0.001), the SAS score (t = 5.445) and SDS score (t = 7.076) were lower (all P < 0.001), as were the PSQI dimensions (tsleep quality = 4.581, tfall sleep time = 2.826, tsleep time = 2.436, tsleep efficiency = 5.787, tsleep disorder = 5.008, thypnotic drugs = 3.786, tdaytime dysfunction = 4.812); all P < 0.05). The ESCA scores for all dimensions were higher (thealth knowledge level = 6.994, tself-concept = 5.902, tself-responsibility = 19.820, tself-care skills = 8.470; all P < 0.001). CONCLUSION ACT combined with ECBE in patients with CHB can improve psychological flexibility and sleep quality, alleviate negative emotions, and improve self-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zheng
- Department of Infection, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Wenling 317500, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- Department of Infection, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Wenling 317500, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chen-Xi Xia
- Department of Infection, The First People’s Hospital of Wenling, Wenling 317500, Zhejiang Province, China
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13
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Sharma S, Le Guillou D, Chen JY. Cellular stress in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 20:662-678. [PMID: 37679454 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-023-00832-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The burden of chronic liver disease is rising substantially worldwide. Fibrosis, characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, is the common pathway leading to cirrhosis, and limited treatment options are available. There is increasing evidence suggesting the role of cellular stress responses contributing to fibrogenesis. This Review provides an overview of studies that analyse the role of cellular stress in different cell types involved in fibrogenesis, including hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- The Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dounia Le Guillou
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- The Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Y Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- The Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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14
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Blas-García A, Apostolova N. Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Liver Fibrosis Based on Targeting Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1567. [PMID: 37627562 PMCID: PMC10451738 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver disease (CLD) constitutes a growing global health issue, with no effective treatments currently available. Oxidative stress closely interacts with other cellular and molecular processes to trigger stress pathways in different hepatic cells and fuel the development of liver fibrosis. Therefore, inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated effects and modulation of major antioxidant responses to counteract oxidative stress-induced damage have emerged as interesting targets to prevent or ameliorate liver injury. Although many preclinical studies have shown that dietary supplements with antioxidant properties can significantly prevent CLD progression in animal models, this strategy has not proved effective to significantly reduce fibrosis when translated into clinical trials. Novel and more specific therapeutic approaches are thus required to alleviate oxidative stress and reduce liver fibrosis. We have reviewed the relevant literature concerning the crucial role of alterations in redox homeostasis in different hepatic cell types during the progression of CLD and discussed current pharmacological approaches to ameliorate fibrosis by reducing oxidative stress focusing on selective modulation of enzymatic oxidant sources, antioxidant systems and ROS-mediated pathogenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Blas-García
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- FISABIO (Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana), Av. de Catalunya, 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain
- CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- FISABIO (Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana), Av. de Catalunya, 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain
- CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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15
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Guerrieri F, Levrero M. HBV, mitochondrial stress, and liver fibrosis: chicken or the egg. Hepatology 2023; 77:1088-1089. [PMID: 36626636 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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