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Zodanu GKE, Hwang JH, Mehta Z, Sisniega C, Barsegian A, Kang X, Biniwale R, Si MS, Satou GM, Halnon N, Grody WW, Van Arsdell GS, Nelson SF, Touma M. High-Throughput Genomics Identify Novel FBN1/2 Variants in Severe Neonatal Marfan Syndrome and Congenital Heart Defects. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5469. [PMID: 38791509 PMCID: PMC11122089 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibrillin-1 and fibrillin-2, encoded by FBN1 and FBN2, respectively, play significant roles in elastic fiber assembly, with pathogenic variants causing a diverse group of connective tissue disorders such as Marfan syndrome (MFS) and congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCD). Different genomic variations may lead to heterogeneous phenotypic features and functional consequences. Recent high-throughput sequencing modalities have allowed detection of novel variants that may guide the care for patients and inform the genetic counseling for their families. We performed clinical phenotyping for two newborn infants with complex congenital heart defects. For genetic investigations, we employed next-generation sequencing strategies including whole-genome Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) microarray for infant A with valvular insufficiency, aortic sinus dilatation, hydronephrosis, and dysmorphic features, and Trio whole-exome sequencing (WES) for infant B with dextro-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) and both parents. Infant A is a term male with neonatal marfanoid features, left-sided hydronephrosis, and complex congenital heart defects including tricuspid regurgitation, aortic sinus dilatation, patent foramen ovale, patent ductus arteriosus, mitral regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation, aortic regurgitation, and pulmonary sinus dilatation. He developed severe persistent pulmonary hypertension and worsening acute hypercapnic hypoxemic respiratory failure, and subsequently expired on day of life (DOL) 10 after compassionate extubation. Cytogenomic whole-genome SNP microarray analysis revealed a deletion within the FBN1 gene spanning exons 7-30, which overlapped with the exon deletion hotspot region associated with neonatal Marfan syndrome. Infant B is a term male prenatally diagnosed with isolated D-TGA. He required balloon atrial septostomy on DOL 0 and subsequent atrial switch operation, atrial septal defect repair, and patent ductus arteriosus ligation on DOL 5. Trio-WES revealed compound heterozygous c.518C>T and c.8230T>G variants in the FBN2 gene. Zygosity analysis confirmed each of the variants was inherited from one of the parents who were healthy heterozygous carriers. Since his cardiac repair at birth, he has been growing and developing well without any further hospitalization. Our study highlights novel FBN1/FBN2 variants and signifies the phenotype-genotype association in two infants affected with complex congenital heart defects with and without dysmorphic features. These findings speak to the importance of next-generation high-throughput genomics for novel variant detection and the phenotypic variability associated with FBN1/FBN2 variants, particularly in the neonatal period, which may significantly impact clinical care and family counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria K. E. Zodanu
- Neonatal Congenital Heart Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (G.K.E.Z.); (J.H.H.); (Z.M.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (X.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.B.); (G.M.S.); (N.H.); (W.W.G.); (G.S.V.A.); (S.F.N.)
| | - John H. Hwang
- Neonatal Congenital Heart Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (G.K.E.Z.); (J.H.H.); (Z.M.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (X.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.B.); (G.M.S.); (N.H.); (W.W.G.); (G.S.V.A.); (S.F.N.)
| | - Zubin Mehta
- Neonatal Congenital Heart Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (G.K.E.Z.); (J.H.H.); (Z.M.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (X.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.B.); (G.M.S.); (N.H.); (W.W.G.); (G.S.V.A.); (S.F.N.)
| | - Carlos Sisniega
- Neonatal Congenital Heart Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (G.K.E.Z.); (J.H.H.); (Z.M.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (X.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.B.); (G.M.S.); (N.H.); (W.W.G.); (G.S.V.A.); (S.F.N.)
| | - Alexander Barsegian
- Neonatal Congenital Heart Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (G.K.E.Z.); (J.H.H.); (Z.M.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (X.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.B.); (G.M.S.); (N.H.); (W.W.G.); (G.S.V.A.); (S.F.N.)
| | - Xuedong Kang
- Neonatal Congenital Heart Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (G.K.E.Z.); (J.H.H.); (Z.M.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (X.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.B.); (G.M.S.); (N.H.); (W.W.G.); (G.S.V.A.); (S.F.N.)
| | - Reshma Biniwale
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.B.); (G.M.S.); (N.H.); (W.W.G.); (G.S.V.A.); (S.F.N.)
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Ming-Sing Si
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Gary M. Satou
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.B.); (G.M.S.); (N.H.); (W.W.G.); (G.S.V.A.); (S.F.N.)
| | - Nancy Halnon
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.B.); (G.M.S.); (N.H.); (W.W.G.); (G.S.V.A.); (S.F.N.)
| | - UCLA Congenital Heart Defect BioCore Faculty
- Neonatal Congenital Heart Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (G.K.E.Z.); (J.H.H.); (Z.M.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (X.K.)
| | - Wayne W. Grody
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.B.); (G.M.S.); (N.H.); (W.W.G.); (G.S.V.A.); (S.F.N.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Glen S. Van Arsdell
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.B.); (G.M.S.); (N.H.); (W.W.G.); (G.S.V.A.); (S.F.N.)
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Stanley F. Nelson
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.B.); (G.M.S.); (N.H.); (W.W.G.); (G.S.V.A.); (S.F.N.)
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Marlin Touma
- Neonatal Congenital Heart Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (G.K.E.Z.); (J.H.H.); (Z.M.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (X.K.)
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (R.B.); (G.M.S.); (N.H.); (W.W.G.); (G.S.V.A.); (S.F.N.)
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Children’s Discovery and Innovation Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Eli and Edyth Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Yang S, Li Z. FBN2 pathogenic variants in congenital contractural arachnodactyly with severe cardiovascular manifestations. Connect Tissue Res 2024; 65:214-225. [PMID: 38602424 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2024.2340004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) is an extremely rare autosomal dominant connective tissue genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in FBN2. CCA is characterized by arachnodactyly, camptodactyly, contracture of major joints, scoliosis, pectus deformities, and crumpled ears, but rarely with lethal cardiovascular manifestations as in Marfan syndrome. It is imperative to conduct a comprehensive analysis and review of the pathogenesis of CCA resulting from pathogenic variants in FBN2 gene. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing, we identified a novel pathogenic splice-altering variant (c.4472-3C>A) in intron 34 of FBN2 gene in a CCA pedigree. The transcriptional result of the splicing-altering variant was analyzed by RNA sequencing. We systematically analyzed the clinical manifestations of all reported cases of CCA caused by splicing-altering pathogenic variants and focused on all the pathogenic variants in FBN2 gene that are associated with severe cardiovascular manifestations. RESULTS The splice-altering variant (c.4472-3C>A) in FBN2 was demonstrated to result in the exon 35 skipping and cause an in-frame deletion. Furthermore, we identified exons 31 to 35 may be a hotspot region in FBN2 gene associated with severe cardiovascular phenotype. CONCLUSIONS This study enriched the pathogenic spectrum of CCA and identified a hotspot region in FBN2 gene associated with severe cardiovascular manifestations. We recommend that patients carrying pathogenic variants in exons 31 to 35 of FBN2 pay more attention to cardiac evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongzhe Li
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Genetic Diagnosis Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Summers KM. Genetic models of fibrillinopathies. Genetics 2024; 226:iyad189. [PMID: 37972149 PMCID: PMC11021029 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyad189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The fibrillinopathies represent a group of diseases in which the 10-12 nm extracellular microfibrils are disrupted by genetic variants in one of the genes encoding fibrillin molecules, large glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix. The best-known fibrillinopathy is Marfan syndrome, an autosomal dominant condition affecting the cardiovascular, ocular, skeletal, and other systems, with a prevalence of around 1 in 3,000 across all ethnic groups. It is caused by variants of the FBN1 gene, encoding fibrillin-1, which interacts with elastin to provide strength and elasticity to connective tissues. A number of mouse models have been created in an attempt to replicate the human phenotype, although all have limitations. There are also natural bovine models and engineered models in pig and rabbit. Variants in FBN2 encoding fibrillin-2 cause congenital contractural arachnodactyly and mouse models for this condition have also been produced. In most animals, including birds, reptiles, and amphibians, there is a third fibrillin, fibrillin-3 (FBN3 gene) for which the creation of models has been difficult as the gene is degenerate and nonfunctional in mice and rats. Other eukaryotes such as the nematode C. elegans and zebrafish D. rerio have a gene with some homology to fibrillins and models have been used to discover more about the function of this family of proteins. This review looks at the phenotype, inheritance, and relevance of the various animal models for the different fibrillinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M Summers
- Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba QLD 4102, Australia
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Zhang C, Qiao F, Cheng Q, Luo C, Zhang Q, Hu P, Xu Z. A Novel Splice Site Mutation in the FBN2 Gene in a Chinese Family with Congenital Contractural Arachnodactyly. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-023-10550-2. [PMID: 37962692 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by arachnodactyly, multiple joint contractures, progressive kyphoscoliosis, pectus deformity and abnormal crumpled ears. FBN2 is the only gene currently known to be associated with CCA. In this study, we report on a prenatal case presented with skeletal, cardiac and spinal malformations. And his father had elongated limbs, contractures of the proximal interphalangeal joints, high myopia and scoliosis. We conducted whole exome sequencing (WES) on the fetus-parental trio and a heterozygous variant (hg19 chr5:127,673,685, c.3598 + 4A > G, NM_001999.4) in intron 27 of the FBN2 gene was successfully identified, inherited from the father. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to evaluate the potential splicing effect of this variant, which confirmed that the variant caused a deletion of exon 27 (126 bp) by disrupting the splice-donor site and destroyed the 17th calcium-binding epidermal growth factor-like (cbEGF) domain. Our research not only finds the etiology of the disease in affected individuals and expands the mutation spectrum of FBN2 gene, but also provides genetic counseling and fertility guidance for this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Zhang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Fengchang Qiao
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Qing Cheng
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Chunyu Luo
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Qinxin Zhang
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China.
| | - Zhengfeng Xu
- Department of Prenatal Diagnosis, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004, China.
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Mahdizadehi M, Saghaeian Jazi M, Mir SM, Jafari SM. Role of fibrilins in human cancer: A narrative review. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1434. [PMID: 37469709 PMCID: PMC10353528 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fibrillin is one of the extracellular matrix glycoproteins and participates in forming microfibrils found in many connective tissues. The microfibrils enable the elasticity and stretching properties of the ligaments and support connective tissues. There are three isoforms of fibrillin molecules identified in mammals: fibrillin 1 (FBN1), fibrillin 2 (FBN2), and fibrillin 3. Objective Multiple studies have shown that mutations in these genes or changes in their expression levels can be related to various diseases, including cancers. In this study, we focus on reviewing the role of the fibrillin family in multiple cancers. Methods and Results We performed a comprehensive literature review to search PubMed and Google Scholar for studies published so far on fibrillin gene expression and its role in cancers. In this review, we have focused on the expression of FBN1 and FBN2 genes in cancers such as the lung, intestine, ovary, pancreatic ductal, esophagus, and thyroid. Conclusion Altogether various studies showed higher expression of fibrillins in different tumor tissues correlated with the patient's survival. However, there are controversial findings, as some other cancers showed hypermethylated FBN promoters with lower gene expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Mahdizadehi
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Marie Saghaeian Jazi
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Seyyed Mostafa Mir
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Seyyed Mehdi Jafari
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
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Li AL, He JQ, Zeng L, Hu YQ, Wang M, Long JY, Chang SH, Jin JY, Xiang R. Case report: Identification of novel fibrillin-2 variants impacting disulfide bond and causing congenital contractural arachnodactyly. Front Genet 2023; 14:1035887. [PMID: 36936417 PMCID: PMC10020613 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1035887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder with clinical features of arthrogryposis, arachnodactyly, crumpled ears, scoliosis, and muscular hypoplasia. The heterozygous pathogenic variants in FBN2 have been shown to cause CCA. Fibrillin-2 is related to the elasticity of the tissue and has been demonstrated to play an important role in the constitution of extracellular microfibrils in elastic fibers, providing strength and flexibility to the connective tissue that sustains the body's joints and organs. Methods: We recruited two Chinese families with arachnodactyly and bilateral arthrogryposis of the fingers. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and co-segregation analysis were employed to identify their genetic etiologies. Three-dimensional protein models were used to analyze the pathogenic mechanism of the identified variants. Results: We have reported two CCA families and identified two novel missense variants in FBN2 (NM_001999.3: c.4093T>C, p.C1365R and c.2384G>T, p.C795F). The structural models of the mutant FBN2 protein in rats exhibited that both the variants could break disulfide bonds. Conclusion: We detected two FBN2 variants in two families with CCA. Our description expands the genetic profile of CCA and emphasizes the pathogenicity of disulfide bond disruption in FBN2.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Lei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ji-Qiang He
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lei Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi-Qiao Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie-Yi Long
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Si-Hua Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie-Yuan Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Jie-Yuan Jin, ; Rong Xiang,
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Jie-Yuan Jin, ; Rong Xiang,
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7
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Ravel JM, Comel M, Wandzel M, Bronner M, Tatopoulos A, Renaud M, Lambert L, Bursztejn AC, Bonnet C. First report of a short in-frame biallelic deletion removing part of the EGF-like domain calcium-binding motif in LTBP4 and causing autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 1C. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:3343-3349. [PMID: 35972031 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Cutis laxa (CL) is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by wrinkled, abundant and sagging skin, sometimes associated with systemic impairment. Biallelic alterations in latent transforming growth factor beta-binding protein 4 gene (LTBP4) cause autosomal recessive type 1C cutis laxa (ARCL1C, MIM #613177). The present report describes the case of a 17-months-old girl with cutis laxa together with a literature review of previous ARCL1C cases. Based on proband main clinical signs (cutis laxa and pulmonary emphysema), clinical exome sequencing (CES) was performed and showed a new nine base-pairs homozygous in-frame deletion in LTBP4 gene. RT-PCR and cDNA Sanger sequencing were performed in order to clarify its impact on RNA. This report demonstrates that a genetic alteration in the EGF-like 14 domain calcium-binding motif of LTBP4 gene is likely responsible for cutis laxa in our patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Ravel
- Laboratoire de génétique médicale, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, INSERM UMR_S1256, NGERE, Nancy, France
| | - Margot Comel
- Laboratoire de génétique médicale, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Marion Wandzel
- Laboratoire de génétique médicale, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Myriam Bronner
- Laboratoire de génétique médicale, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France
| | | | - Mathilde Renaud
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM UMR_S1256, NGERE, Nancy, France.,Service de génétique médicale, CHRU de Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Laëtitia Lambert
- Université de Lorraine, INSERM UMR_S1256, NGERE, Nancy, France.,Service de génétique médicale, CHRU de Nancy, Nancy, France
| | | | - Céline Bonnet
- Laboratoire de génétique médicale, CHRU Nancy, Nancy, France.,Université de Lorraine, INSERM UMR_S1256, NGERE, Nancy, France
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8
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Chen J, Xiang Q, Xiao X, Xu B, Xie H, Wang H, Yang M, Liu S. Carrying both COL1A2 and FBN2 gene heterozygous mutations results in a severe skeletal clinical phenotype: an affected family. BMC Med Genomics 2022; 15:154. [PMID: 35804365 PMCID: PMC9270787 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-022-01296-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is the most common monogenic disease of the skeletal system and is usually caused by mutations in the COL1A1 or COL1A2 genes. Congenital contractural arachnodactyly syndrome (CCA) is an autosomal dominant hereditary disease of connective tissue. To date, the FBN2 gene is the only gene reported to cause CCA. Researchers found that COL1A2 and FBN2 are both involved in the extracellular matrix organization pathway. These findings suggest that these two genes play an important role in a similar mechanism and may trigger a synergistic effect. Methods Trio-whole-exome sequencing (Trio-WES) was performed to analyse the underlying genetic cause of a proband with OI in a Chinese family. Sanger sequencing was used to validate the mutations in 3 members of the family with OI with varying degrees of severity of skeletal abnormalities and the members with no clinical signs. Result A c.3304G > C mutation in the COL1A2 gene (p.Gly1102Arg) and a novel c.4108G > T mutation in the FBN2 gene (p.Glu1370*) were detected in the proband, an affected member of the family. The affected individuals with both mutations present a more severe phenotype, while affected individuals present a milder phenotype if only the mutation in COL1A2 is detected (c.3304G > C). The unaffected individual in this family did not have any mutations in the COL1A2 gene or FBN2 gene. Conclusion Our study is the first clinical report to indicate that patients carrying concomitant mutations in both the COL1A2 and FBN2 genes may present with more severe skeletal abnormalities. Furthermore, our study suggests the possibility of synergistic effects between the COL1A2 and FBN2 genes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12920-022-01296-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, No. 20, Section 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Qinqin Xiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, No. 20, Section 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, No. 20, Section 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bocheng Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, No. 20, Section 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanbing Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, No. 20, Section 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - He Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, No. 20, Section 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, No. 20, Section 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Shanling Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, No. 20, Section 3, Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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9
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Ribbans WJ, September AV, Collins M. Tendon and Ligament Genetics: How Do They Contribute to Disease and Injury? A Narrative Review. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050663. [PMID: 35629331 PMCID: PMC9147569 DOI: 10.3390/life12050663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant proportion of patients requiring musculoskeletal management present with tendon and ligament pathology. Our understanding of the intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms that lead to such disabilities is increasing. However, the complexity underpinning these interactive multifactorial elements is still not fully characterised. Evidence highlighting the genetic components, either reducing or increasing susceptibility to injury, is increasing. This review examines the present understanding of the role genetic variations contribute to tendon and ligament injury risk. It examines the different elements of tendon and ligament structure and considers our knowledge of genetic influence on form, function, ability to withstand load, and undertake repair or regeneration. The role of epigenetic factors in modifying gene expression in these structures is also explored. It considers the challenges to interpreting present knowledge, the requirements, and likely pathways for future research, and whether such information has reached the point of clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J. Ribbans
- School of Health, The University of Northampton, Northampton NN1 5PH, UK
- The County Clinic, Northampton NN1 5DB, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-1604-795414
| | - Alison V. September
- Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa; (A.V.S.); (M.C.)
- Health Through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre (HPALS), Department of Human Biology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Collaborative Centre of Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
| | - Malcolm Collins
- Division of Physiological Sciences, Department of Human Biology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa; (A.V.S.); (M.C.)
- Health Through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport Research Centre (HPALS), Department of Human Biology, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
- International Federation of Sports Medicine (FIMS), Collaborative Centre of Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7700, South Africa
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10
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Peeters S, De Kinderen P, Meester JAN, Verstraeten A, Loeys BL. The fibrillinopathies: new insights with focus on the paradigm of opposing phenotypes for both FBN1 and FBN2. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:815-831. [PMID: 35419902 PMCID: PMC9322447 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Different pathogenic variants in the fibrillin‐1 gene (FBN1) cause Marfan syndrome and acromelic dysplasias. Whereas the musculoskeletal features of Marfan syndrome involve tall stature, arachnodactyly, joint hypermobility, and muscle hypoplasia, acromelic dysplasia patients present with short stature, brachydactyly, stiff joints, and hypermuscularity. Similarly, pathogenic variants in the fibrillin‐2 gene (FBN2) cause either a Marfanoid congenital contractural arachnodactyly or a FBN2‐related acromelic dysplasia that most prominently presents with brachydactyly. The phenotypic and molecular resemblances between both the FBN1 and FBN2‐related disorders suggest that reciprocal pathomechanistic lessons can be learned. In this review, we provide an updated overview and comparison of the phenotypic and mutational spectra of both the “tall” and “short” fibrillinopathies. The future parallel functional study of both FBN1/2‐related disorders will reveal new insights into how pathogenic fibrillin variants differently affect the fibrillin microfibril network and/or growth factor homeostasis in clinically opposite syndromes. This knowledge may eventually be translated into new therapeutic approaches by targeting or modulating the fibrillin microfibril network and/or the signaling pathways under its control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Peeters
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Pauline De Kinderen
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Josephina A N Meester
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Aline Verstraeten
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Bart L Loeys
- Centre of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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11
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Sun L, Huang Y, Zhao S, Zhong W, Shi J, Guo Y, Zhao J, Xiong G, Yin Y, Chen Z, Zhang N, Zhao Z, Li Q, Chen D, Niu Y, Li X, Qiu G, Wu Z, Zhang TJ, Tian W, Wu N. Identification of Novel FBN2 Variants in a Cohort of Congenital Contractural Arachnodactyly. Front Genet 2022; 13:804202. [PMID: 35360850 PMCID: PMC8960307 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.804202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue characterized by crumpled ears, arachnodactyly, camptodactyly, large joint contracture, and kyphoscoliosis. The nature course of CCA has not been well-described. We aim to decipher the genetic and phenotypic spectrum of CCA. The cohort was enrolled in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China, based on Deciphering disorders Involving Scoliosis and COmorbidities (DISCO) study (http://www.discostudy.org/). Exome sequencing was performed on patients’ blood DNA. A recent published CCA scoring system was validated in our cohort. Seven novel variants and three previously reported FBN2 variants were identified through exome sequencing. Two variants outside of the neonatal region of FBN2 gene were found. The phenotypes were comparable between patients in our cohort and previous literature, with arachnodactyly, camptodactyly and large joints contractures found in almost all patients. All patients eligible for analysis were successfully classified into likely CCA based on the CCA scoring system. Furthermore, we found a double disease-causing heterozygous variant of FBN2 and ANKRD11 in a patient with blended phenotypes consisting of CCA and KBG syndrome. The identification of seven novel variants broadens the mutational and phenotypic spectrum of CCA and may provide implications for genetic counseling and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Sun
- Department of Hand Surgery, Clinical and Research Center for Congenital Hand Deformities and Rare Diseases, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingzhao Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sen Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyao Zhong
- Department of Hand Surgery, Clinical and Research Center for Congenital Hand Deformities and Rare Diseases, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jile Shi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Department of Hand Surgery, Clinical and Research Center for Congenital Hand Deformities and Rare Diseases, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junhui Zhao
- Department of Hand Surgery, Clinical and Research Center for Congenital Hand Deformities and Rare Diseases, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Xiong
- Department of Hand Surgery, Clinical and Research Center for Congenital Hand Deformities and Rare Diseases, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehan Yin
- Department of Hand Surgery, Clinical and Research Center for Congenital Hand Deformities and Rare Diseases, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zefu Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Clinical and Research Center for Congenital Hand Deformities and Rare Diseases, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zongxuan Zhao
- Department of Hand Surgery, Clinical and Research Center for Congenital Hand Deformities and Rare Diseases, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qingyang Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, Clinical and Research Center for Congenital Hand Deformities and Rare Diseases, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Clinical and Research Center for Congenital Hand Deformities and Rare Diseases, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchen Niu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guixing Qiu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Terry Jianguo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Terry Jianguo Zhang, ; Wen Tian, ; Nan Wu,
| | - Wen Tian
- Department of Hand Surgery, Clinical and Research Center for Congenital Hand Deformities and Rare Diseases, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Terry Jianguo Zhang, ; Wen Tian, ; Nan Wu,
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Big Data for Spinal Deformities, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Terry Jianguo Zhang, ; Wen Tian, ; Nan Wu,
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12
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Yagi H, Takiguchi H, Takeda N, Inuzuka R, Taniguchi Y, Porto KJ, Ishiura H, Mitsui J, Morita H, Komuro I. Family with congenital contractural arachnodactyly due to a novel multiexon deletion of the FBN2 gene. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e05335. [PMID: 35154713 PMCID: PMC8826123 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) is caused by pathogenic FBN2 variants; however, the contributions of copy number variations (CNVs) to CCA are still unknown. Here, we report on a familial case of CCA, in which a novel multiexon deletion of exons 35-39 in FBN2 was identified after simple CNV prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yagi
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
- Marfan Syndrome CenterThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Takiguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Norifumi Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
- Marfan Syndrome CenterThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Ryo Inuzuka
- Marfan Syndrome CenterThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
- Department of PediatricsThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Yuki Taniguchi
- Marfan Syndrome CenterThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | | | - Hiroyuki Ishiura
- Department of NeurologyThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Jun Mitsui
- Department of NeurologyThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan
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13
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Gentile D, Toriello F, Santangelo G, Bursi F, Carugo S. Spontaneous coronary dissection in a patient with Beals syndrome. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2021; 22:e18-e20. [PMID: 33927143 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000001200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Domitilla Gentile
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Filippo Toriello
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Gloria Santangelo
- San Paolo Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bursi
- San Paolo Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Carugo
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine
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14
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Mani P, Reyaldeen R, Xu B. Multimodality imaging assessment of bicuspid aortic valve disease, thoracic aortic ectasia, and thoracic aortic aneurysmal disease. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2021; 11:896-910. [PMID: 34295712 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-20-279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Acute aortic syndromes have extremely high mortality rates and those with aortic dilation are at increased risk for these often catastrophic events. Serial monitoring of patients with aortic dilation is critical to determine the appropriate timing of preventative interventions. The thoracic aorta can be imaged and measured using multiple imaging modalities including transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography, multidetector cardiac computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. There has not been agreement on the specific techniques that should be used to measure thoracic aortic dimensions with each imaging modality, leading to potential errors and challenges in comparing changes in measurements over time. It is critical to understand the current recommendations on thoracic aortic measurements for each imaging modality and cardiovascular imaging specialists need to be explicit about the methods that they have used to derive the thoracic aortic measurements. In those at high risk for aortic pathology, such as those with connective tissue diseases or bicuspid aortic valve, a multimodality imaging strategy incorporating echocardiography including three-dimensional measurements along with cardiac computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging should be used to establish aortic dimensions and for continued monitoring to avoid progression to acute aortic syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi Mani
- Section of Cardiovascular Imaging, Robert and Suzanne Tomsich Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sydell and Arnold Miller Family Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Reza Reyaldeen
- Section of Cardiovascular Imaging, Robert and Suzanne Tomsich Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sydell and Arnold Miller Family Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Bo Xu
- Section of Cardiovascular Imaging, Robert and Suzanne Tomsich Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sydell and Arnold Miller Family Heart and Vascular Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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15
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Hu L, Li H, Sun G, Wu K, Luan Z, Xiang Y, Tang S. Mutation analysis and prenatal diagnosis of a family with congenital contractural arachnodactyly. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1638. [PMID: 33638605 PMCID: PMC8123754 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) is a rare autosomal dominant condition caused by mutations in the fibrillin 2 gene (FBN2). The primary clinical symptoms of CCA include multiple flexion contractures, arachnodactyly, dolichostenomelia, scoliosis, abnormal pinnae, muscular hypoplasia, and crumpled ears. METHODS We used whole-exome sequencing technology to examine an arthrogryposis multiplex congenita and used Sanger sequencing technology to genetically confirm its family. RESULTS FBN2 c.3344A>T(p.D1115V) was identified in this family with CCA in a pedigree. Prenatal diagnosis and counseling were carried out simultaneously to avoid the birth of the sick fetus. CONCLUSION The study is on FBN2 variant in CCA, which potentially having implications for genetic counseling and clinical management, our study may provide new insights into the cause and diagnosis of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Hu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Huanzheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Guang Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yinchuan Women and Children Healthcare Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Prenatal Diganosis Center, Yiwu Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Yiwu, China
| | - Zhaotang Luan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, China
| | - Yanbao Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, China
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16
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Kloth K, Neu A, Rau I, Hülsemann W, Kutsche K, Volk AE. Severe congenital contractural arachnodactyly caused by biallelic pathogenic variants in FBN2. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104161. [PMID: 33571691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fibrillin-2, encoded by FBN2, plays an important role in the early process of elastic fiber assembly. To date, heterozygous pathogenic variants in FBN2 have been shown to cause congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA; Beals-Hecht syndrome). Classical CCA is characterized by long and slender fingers and toes, ear deformities, joint contractures at birth, clubfeet, muscular hypoplasia and often tall stature. In individuals with a severe CCA form, different cardiovascular or gastrointestinal anomalies have been described. Here, we report on a 15-year-old girl with a severe form of CCA and novel biallelic variants in FBN2. The girl inherited the missense variant c.3563G > T/p.(Gly1188Val) from her unaffected father and the nonsense variant c.6831C > A/p.(Cys2277*) from her healthy mother. We could detect only a small amount of FBN2 transcripts harboring the nonsense variant in leukocyte-derived mRNA from the patient and mother suggesting nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As the father did not show any clinical signs of CCA we hypothesize the missense variant c.3563G > T to be a hypomorphic allele. Taken together, our data suggests that severe CCA can be inherited in an autosomal-recessive manner by compound heterozygosity of a hypomorphic and a null allele of the FBN2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Kloth
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Axel Neu
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Isabella Rau
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wiebke Hülsemann
- Department of Handsurgery, Children's Hospital Wilhelmstift, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kutsche
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander E Volk
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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17
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Li J, Wang Y, Zhu X, Nie Y, Kuo Y, Guan S, Huang J, Lian Y, Zhao Y, Li R, Wei Y, Qiao J, Yan L. A novel pathogenic mutation in FBN2 associated with congenital contractural arachnodactyly for preimplantation genetic diagnosis. J Genet Genomics 2020; 47:281-284. [PMID: 32747207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuqian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanli Nie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Kuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuo Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ying Lian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yangyu Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liying Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China.
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18
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Role of fibrillin-2 in the control of TGF-β activation in tumor angiogenesis and connective tissue disorders. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1873:188354. [PMID: 32119940 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fibrillins constitute a family of large extracellular glycoproteins which multimerize to form microfibrils, an important structure in the extracellular matrix. It has long been assumed that fibrillin-2 was barely present during postnatal life, but it is now clear that fibrillin-2 molecules form the structural core of microfibrils, and are masked by an outer layer of fibrillin-1. Mutations in fibrillins give rise to heritable connective tissue disorders, including Marfan syndrome and congenital contractural arachnodactyly. Fibrillins also play an important role in matrix sequestering of members of the transforming growth factor-β family, and in context of Marfan syndrome excessive TGF-β activation has been observed. TGF-β activation is highly dependent on integrin binding, including integrin αvβ8 and αvβ6, which are upregulated upon TGF-β exposure. TGF-β is also involved in tumor progression, metastasis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tumor angiogenesis. In several highly vascularized types of cancer such as hepatocellular carcinoma, a positive correlation was found between increased TGF-β plasma concentrations and tumor vascularity. Interestingly, fibrillin-1 has a higher affinity to TGF-β and, therefore, has a higher capacity to sequester TGF-β compared to fibrillin-2. The previously reported downregulation of fibrillin-1 in tumor endothelium affects the fibrillin-1/fibrillin-2 ratio in the microfibrils, exposing the normally hidden fibrillin-2. We postulate that fibrillin-2 exposure in the tumor endothelium directly stimulates tumor angiogenesis by influencing TGF-β sequestering by microfibrils, leading to a locally higher active TGF-β concentration in the tumor microenvironment. From a therapeutic perspective, fibrillin-2 might serve as a potential target for future anti-cancer therapies.
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19
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Xu P, Li R, Huang S, Sun M, Liu J, Niu Y, Zou Y, Li J, Gao M, Li X, Gao X, Gao Y. A Novel Splicing Mutation in the FBN2 Gene in a Family With Congenital Contractural Arachnodactyly. Front Genet 2020; 11:143. [PMID: 32184806 PMCID: PMC7058790 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) is an extremely rare monogenic disorder in humans, and the prevalence of CCA is estimated to be less than 1 in 10,000 worldwide. CCA is characterized by arachnodactyly, camptodactyly, the contracture of major joints, scoliosis, pectus deformities, and crumpled ears. Mutations in FBN2 (which encodes fibrillin-2) are responsible for causing this disease. A family with CCA was investigated in this study, and a novel variant, c.3724+3A > C (also identified as IVS28+3A > C), in FBN2 was found in nine patients from the family but was not found in seven unaffected relatives. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and complementary DNA (cDNA) sequencing data showed that exon 28 was skipped in the FBN2 gene. The FBN2 c.3724+3A > C variant led to an in-frame deletion during transcription, which eventually triggered CCA in the Chinese family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Ruirui Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Sexin Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Menghan Sun
- School of Biological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Jiaolong Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Yuping Niu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Gao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Xuan Gao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Jinan, China.,The Key Laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Jinan, China
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20
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Del Cid JS, Reed NI, Molnar K, Liu S, Dang B, Jensen SA, DeGrado W, Handford PA, Sheppard D, Sundaram AB. A disease-associated mutation in fibrillin-1 differentially regulates integrin-mediated cell adhesion. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:18232-18243. [PMID: 31640988 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.011109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrillins serve as scaffolds for the assembly of elastic fibers that contribute to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and regulate growth factor signaling in the extracellular space. Fibrillin-1 is a modular glycoprotein that includes 7 latent transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-binding protein-like (TB) domains and mediates cell adhesion through integrin binding to the RGD motif in its 4th TB domain. A subset of missense mutations within TB4 cause stiff skin syndrome (SSS), a rare autosomal dominant form of scleroderma. The fibrotic phenotype is thought to be regulated by changes in the ability of fibrillin-1 to mediate integrin binding. We characterized the ability of each RGD-binding integrin to mediate cell adhesion to fibrillin-1 or a disease-causing variant. Our data show that 7 of the 8 RGD-binding integrins can mediate adhesion to fibrillin-1. A single amino acid substitution responsible for SSS (W1570C) markedly inhibited adhesion mediated by integrins α5β1, αvβ5, and αvβ6, partially inhibited adhesion mediated by αvβ1, and did not inhibit adhesion mediated by α8β1 or αIIbβ3. Adhesion mediated by integrin αvβ3 depended on the cell surface expression level. In the SSS mutant background, the presence of a cysteine residue in place of highly conserved tryptophan 1570 alters the conformation of the region containing the exposed RGD sequence within the same domain to differentially affect fibrillin's interactions with distinct RGD-binding integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselyn S Del Cid
- Department of Cell Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Nilgun Isik Reed
- Department of Cell Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Kathleen Molnar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94518
| | - Sean Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Bobo Dang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94518
| | - Sacha A Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - William DeGrado
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94518
| | - Penny A Handford
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Dean Sheppard
- Department of Cell Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Aparna B Sundaram
- Department of Cell Biology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158.
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21
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A clinical scoring system for congenital contractural arachnodactyly. Genet Med 2019; 22:124-131. [PMID: 31316167 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-019-0609-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) is an autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder manifesting joint contractures, arachnodactyly, crumpled ears, and kyphoscoliosis as main features. Due to its rarity, rather aspecific clinical presentation, and overlap with other conditions including Marfan syndrome, the diagnosis is challenging, but important for prognosis and clinical management. CCA is caused by pathogenic variants in FBN2, encoding fibrillin-2, but locus heterogeneity has been suggested. We designed a clinical scoring system and diagnostic criteria to support the diagnostic process and guide molecular genetic testing. METHODS In this retrospective study, we assessed 167 probands referred for FBN2 analysis and classified them into a FBN2-positive (n = 44) and FBN2-negative group (n = 123) following molecular analysis. We developed a 20-point weighted clinical scoring system based on the prevalence of ten main clinical characteristics of CCA in both groups. RESULTS The total score was significantly different between the groups (P < 0.001) and was indicative for classifying patients into unlikely CCA (total score <7) and likely CCA (total score ≥7) groups. CONCLUSIONS Our clinical score is helpful for clinical guidance for patients suspected to have CCA, and provides a quantitative tool for phenotyping in research settings.
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22
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Kumra H, Dinesh NEH, Reinhardt DP. Lessons from tracheal tube development for understanding congenital tracheal malformations. Eur Respir J 2019; 53:53/3/1900127. [PMID: 30846450 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00127-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heena Kumra
- Faculty of Medicine, Dept of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Both authors contributed equally
| | - Neha E H Dinesh
- Faculty of Medicine, Dept of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Both authors contributed equally
| | - Dieter P Reinhardt
- Faculty of Medicine, Dept of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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23
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Weidman EK, Morgenstern PF, Phillips CD, Greenfield JP, Schwartz TH, Heier LA. Beals syndrome with middle and inner ear dysplasia and encephalocele: A case report and review of imaging findings. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 117:26-29. [PMID: 30579083 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A 10-year-old male with history of Beals syndrome presented with hearing loss and was found to have middle and inner ear dysplasia and left temporal encephalocele on imaging. Beals syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant connective tissue disorder caused by a mutation in the fibrillin-2 gene. Skeletal manifestations of Beals have been reported, including anomalies of the long bones, calvarium, and spine. External ear abnormalities with "crumpled ear" deformity are seen in the majority of patients. This is the first case to report imaging findings of the middle and inner ear in a patient with Beals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth K Weidman
- Department of Radiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
| | - Peter F Morgenstern
- Department of Neurological Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - C Douglas Phillips
- Department of Radiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jeffrey P Greenfield
- Department of Neurological Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Theodore H Schwartz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Linda A Heier
- Department of Radiology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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24
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Aday AW, Kreykes SE, Fanola CL. Vascular Genetics: Presentations, Testing, and Prognostics. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2018; 20:103. [PMID: 30421267 DOI: 10.1007/s11936-018-0703-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Numerous studies have begun to unravel the genetic basis of not only aortic disease but also other forms of commonly encountered vascular diseases. The goal of this review is to provide clinicians a reference to help identify and diagnose different types of vascular disease with a genetic underpinning. RECENT FINDINGS Ongoing studies have identified numerous genes involved in the TGF-β signaling pathway that are also associated with thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection, and it is possible to test for pathogenic variants in these genes in the clinical setting using commercially available genetic testing panels. Additional studies have begun to identify genetic variants associated with an increased risk of bicuspid aortic valve, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and fibromuscular dysplasia. With increased availability of low-cost genetic testing, clinicians are now able to not only definitively diagnose some vascular syndromes but also provide information on the risk of disease in other family members, as well as provide guidance in terms of family planning. As the cost of genetic testing continues to drop with the benefit of increasing insurance coverage, genetic data will increasingly become part of clinical care for many patients with vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron W Aday
- Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue Suite 300, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
| | - Sarah E Kreykes
- Adult Congenital and Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Christina L Fanola
- Adult Congenital and Cardiovascular Genetics Center, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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25
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Zhou S, Wang F, Dou Y, Zhou J, Hao G, Xu C, Wang QK, Wang H, Wang P. A novel FBN2 mutation cosegregates with congenital contractural arachnodactyly in a five-generation Chinese family. Clin Case Rep 2018; 6:1612-1617. [PMID: 30147916 PMCID: PMC6099051 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.1693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified a novel heterozygous mutation (c.4177T>G and p.Cys1393Gly) in FBN2 that cosegregated with congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA) in a five-generation Chinese family. This mutation may cause the loss of the disulfide bond between Cys 1393 and Cys 1378 residues of fibrillin-2. Our study expands the genetic profile of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyuan Zhou
- Henan Provincial Research Institute for Population and Family PlanningZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Birthdefects PreventionNational Health and Family Planning CommissionZhengzhouChina
| | - Fengyu Wang
- Henan Provincial Research Institute for Population and Family PlanningZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Birthdefects PreventionNational Health and Family Planning CommissionZhengzhouChina
| | - Yongheng Dou
- Henan Provincial Research Institute for Population and Family PlanningZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Birthdefects PreventionNational Health and Family Planning CommissionZhengzhouChina
| | - Jiping Zhou
- Henan Provincial Research Institute for Population and Family PlanningZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Birthdefects PreventionNational Health and Family Planning CommissionZhengzhouChina
| | - Gefang Hao
- Henan Provincial Research Institute for Population and Family PlanningZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Birthdefects PreventionNational Health and Family Planning CommissionZhengzhouChina
| | - Chengqi Xu
- College of Life Science and Technology and Human Genome Research CenterHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Qing K. Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology and Human Genome Research CenterHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Haili Wang
- Henan Provincial Research Institute for Population and Family PlanningZhengzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Birthdefects PreventionNational Health and Family Planning CommissionZhengzhouChina
| | - Pengyun Wang
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryLiyuan HospitalTongji Medical CollageHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
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26
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Schneider M, Al-Shareffi E, Haltiwanger RS. Biological functions of fucose in mammals. Glycobiology 2018; 27:601-618. [PMID: 28430973 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwx034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucose is a 6-deoxy hexose in the l-configuration found in a large variety of different organisms. In mammals, fucose is incorporated into N-glycans, O-glycans and glycolipids by 13 fucosyltransferases, all of which utilize the nucleotide-charged form, GDP-fucose, to modify targets. Three of the fucosyltransferases, FUT8, FUT12/POFUT1 and FUT13/POFUT2, are essential for proper development in mice. Fucose modifications have also been implicated in many other biological functions including immunity and cancer. Congenital mutations of a Golgi apparatus localized GDP-fucose transporter causes leukocyte adhesion deficiency type II, which results in severe developmental and immune deficiencies, highlighting the important role fucose plays in these processes. Additionally, changes in levels of fucosylated proteins have proven as useful tools for determining cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Chemically modified fucose analogs can be used to alter many of these fucose dependent processes or as tools to better understand them. In this review, we summarize the known roles of fucose in mammalian physiology and pathophysiology. Additionally, we discuss recent therapeutic advances for cancer and other diseases that are a direct result of our improved understanding of the role that fucose plays in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Esam Al-Shareffi
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Robert S Haltiwanger
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.,Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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27
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Autozygosity reveals recessive mutations and novel mechanisms in dominant genes: implications in variant interpretation. Genet Med 2017; 19:1144-1150. [PMID: 28383543 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2017.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to describe recessive alleles in strictly dominant genes. Identifying recessive mutations in genes for which only dominant disease or risk alleles have been reported can expand our understanding of the medical relevance of these genes both phenotypically and mechanistically. The Saudi population is enriched for autozygosity, which enhances the homozygous occurrence of alleles, including pathogenic alleles in genes that have been associated only with a dominant inheritance pattern. METHODS Exome sequencing of patients from consanguineous families with likely recessive phenotypes was performed. In one family, the genotype of the deceased children was inferred from their parents due to lack of available samples. RESULTS We describe the identification of 11 recessive variants (5 of which are reported here for the first time) in 11 genes for which only dominant disease or risk alleles have been reported. The observed phenotypes for these recessive variants were novel (e.g., FBN2-related myopathy and CSF1R-related brain malformation and osteopetrosis), typical (e.g., ACTG2-related visceral myopathy), or an apparently healthy state (e.g., PDE11A), consistent with the corresponding mouse knockout phenotypes. CONCLUSION Our results show that, in the era of genomic sequencing and "reverse phenotyping," recessive variants in dominant genes should not be dismissed based on perceived "incompatibility" with the patient's phenotype before careful consideration.Genet Med advance online publication 06 April 2017.
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28
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Woolnough R, Dhawan A, Dow K, Walia JS. Are Patients With Loeys-Dietz Syndrome Misdiagnosed With Beals Syndrome? Pediatrics 2017; 139:peds.2016-1281. [PMID: 28209770 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2016-1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Beals syndrome, also known as congenital contractural arachnodactyly (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man: 121050), is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by a mutation in FBN2 that is typically characterized by congenital contractures and arachnodactyly. It shares a number of phenotypic features with Loeys-Dietz syndrome (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man: 609192). Loeys-Dietz syndrome, initially described in 2005, is associated with mutations for the transforming growth factor β receptor and is characterized by findings of cerebral, thoracic, and abdominal arterial aneurysms. This report describes a 17-year-old male patient with a typical neonatal diagnosis of Beals syndrome. At age 15 years, an echocardiogram conducted in response to an aortic dissection in his father showed moderate aortic root dilation, prompting comprehensive testing for aortopathies, revealing a mutation in TGFBR1, thereby changing the diagnosis to Loeys-Dietz syndrome. Previously published reports have not implicated any mutation of the transforming growth factor β receptor genes in cases of Beals syndrome. This case underscores that due to significant phenotypic overlap, there is utility in a full panel of testing, including genes for hereditary connective tissue disorders with vascular involvement, as well as FBN2. Likewise, young patients who have tested negative for FBN2 should be tested for hereditary connective tissue disorders with vascular involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew Dhawan
- School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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29
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Abstract
Tendons among connective tissue, mainly collagen, contain also elastic fibers (EF) made of fibrillin 1, fibrillin 2 and elastin that are broadly distributed in tendons and represent 1-2% of the dried mass of the tendon. Only in the last years, studies on structure and function of EF in tendons have been performed. Aim of this review is to revise data on the organization of EF in tendons, in particular fibrillin structure and function, and on the clinical manifestations associated to alterations of EF in tendons. Indeed, microfibrils may contribute to tendon mechanics; therefore, their alterations may cause joint hypermobility and contractures which have been found to be clinical features in patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) and Beals syndrome. The two diseases are caused by mutations in genes FBN1 and FBN2 encoding fibrillin 1 and fibrillin 2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betti Giusti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of De Novo Therapies (DENOTHE), University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
- Marfan Syndrome and Related Disorders Regional (Tuscany) Referral Center, Careggi HospitalFlorence, Italy
| | - Guglielmina Pepe
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of De Novo Therapies (DENOTHE), University of FlorenceFlorence, Italy
- Marfan Syndrome and Related Disorders Regional (Tuscany) Referral Center, Careggi HospitalFlorence, Italy
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30
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FBN1: The disease-causing gene for Marfan syndrome and other genetic disorders. Gene 2016; 591:279-291. [PMID: 27437668 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
FBN1 encodes the gene for fibrillin-1, a structural macromolecule that polymerizes into microfibrils. Fibrillin microfibrils are morphologically distinctive fibrils, present in all connective tissues and assembled into tissue-specific architectural frameworks. FBN1 is the causative gene for Marfan syndrome, an inherited disorder of connective tissue whose major features include tall stature and arachnodactyly, ectopia lentis, and thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection. More than one thousand individual mutations in FBN1 are associated with Marfan syndrome, making genotype-phenotype correlations difficult. Moreover, mutations in specific regions of FBN1 can result in the opposite features of short stature and brachydactyly characteristic of Weill-Marchesani syndrome and other acromelic dysplasias. How can mutations in one molecule result in disparate clinical syndromes? Current concepts of the fibrillinopathies require an appreciation of tissue-specific fibrillin microfibril microenvironments and the collaborative relationship between the structures of fibrillin microfibril networks and biological functions such as regulation of growth factor signaling.
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31
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Niederhoffer KY, Fahiminiya S, Eydoux P, Mawson J, Nishimura G, Jerome-Majewska LA, Patel MS. Diagnosis of Van den Ende-Gupta syndrome: Approach to the Marden-Walker-like spectrum of disorders. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:2310-21. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Y. Niederhoffer
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Somayyeh Fahiminiya
- Department of Human Genetics; Pediatrics, McGill University; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Patrice Eydoux
- Department of Pathology Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - John Mawson
- Department of Radiology; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Gen Nishimura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Loydie A. Jerome-Majewska
- Department of Human Genetics; Pediatrics, McGill University; Montreal Quebec Canada
- Pediatrics, McGill University; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Millan S. Patel
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
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32
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Takeda N, Morita H, Fujita D, Inuzuka R, Taniguchi Y, Imai Y, Hirata Y, Komuro I. Congenital contractural arachnodactyly complicated with aortic dilatation and dissection: Case report and review of literature. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:2382-7. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Norifumi Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; The University of Tokyo Hospital; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Morita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; The University of Tokyo Hospital; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
- Department of Translational Research for Healthcare and Clinical Science; The University of Tokyo Hospital; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Daishi Fujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; The University of Tokyo Hospital; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Ryo Inuzuka
- Department of Pediatrics; The University of Tokyo Hospital; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Yuki Taniguchi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery; The University of Tokyo Hospital; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasushi Imai
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine; Jichi Medical University; Shimotsuke Tochigi Japan
| | | | - Issei Komuro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; The University of Tokyo Hospital; Bunkyo-ku Tokyo Japan
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Beals-Hecht syndrome (congenital contractural arachnodactyly) with additional craniospinal abnormality: a case report. J Pediatr Orthop B 2015; 24:226-9. [PMID: 25493702 DOI: 10.1097/bpb.0000000000000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Beals syndrome is an autosomal-dominant connective tissue disorder, characterized by multiple flexion contractures, arachnodactyly, severe kyphoscoliosis, crumpled ear, and muscular hypoplasia. It has similarities to Marfan syndrome (MFS) in many respects. It has much fewer incidences of eye and heart anomalies compared with MFS. Beals syndrome is caused by a mutation in the fibrillin-2 gene (FBN2) in 5q23; MFS is caused by mutations in fibrillin-1. With time, there is spontaneous improvement in joint contractures, but kyphosis tends to be progressive. The neonatal form results from new mutations and tends to be severe. Prenatal molecular diagnosis is possible. Ultrasound could be used to demonstrate hypokinesia and joint contractures in presumptive cases. We present a case of a patient with Beals syndrome who presented to the emergency department with pneumonia and was found to have narrowing of the foramen magnum, with partial fusion of C2-C3 vertebral bodies. To our knowledge, this has not been documented in the literature and could be characteristic in relation to Beals syndrome.
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Liu W, Zhao N, Li XF, Wang H, Sui Y, Lu YP, Feng WH, Ma C, Han WT, Jiang M. A novel FBN2 mutation in a Chinese family with congenital contractural arachnodactyly. FEBS Open Bio 2015; 5:163-6. [PMID: 25834781 PMCID: PMC4359973 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2015.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified a novel FBN2 mutation (C1406R) in a Chinese family with CCA. The mutation presented in the patients of this family but not in unaffected members. SIFT and PolyPhen analyses suggested that the mutation was pathogenic. The mutation was located in the calcium-binding epidermal growth factor-like domain.
Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA, OMIM: 121050) is an autosomal dominant condition that shares skeletal features with Marfan syndrome (MFS, OMIM: 154700), including contractures, arachnodactyly, dolichostenomelia, scoliosis, crumpled ears and pectus deformities but excluding the ocular and cardiovascular complications that characterize MFS. These two similar syndromes result from mutations in two genes belonging to the fibrillin family, FBN1 and FBN2, respectively. We successfully identified a novel FBN2 mutation (C1406R) in a Chinese family with CCA for over five generations. This mutation was detected in the patients of this family but not in the seven unaffected family members or 100 normal individuals. SIFT and PolyPhen analyses suggested that the mutation was pathogenic. We identified a missense mutation in the calcium binding-epidermal growth factor (cbEGF)-like domain. Our study extends the mutation spectrum of CCA and confirms a relationship between mutations in the FBN2 gene and the clinical findings of CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics, National Health and Family Planning Commission, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics, National Health and Family Planning Commission, China
| | - Xue-Fu Li
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics, National Health and Family Planning Commission, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics, National Health and Family Planning Commission, China
| | - Yu Sui
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics, National Health and Family Planning Commission, China
| | - Yong-Ping Lu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics, National Health and Family Planning Commission, China
| | - Wen-Hua Feng
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics, National Health and Family Planning Commission, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics, National Health and Family Planning Commission, China
| | - Wei-Tian Han
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics, National Health and Family Planning Commission, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Medical Genetics, National Health and Family Planning Commission, China
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Niida Y, Ozaki M, Inoue M, Takase E, Kuroda M, Mitani Y, Okumura A, Yokoi A, Fujita S, Yamada K. CHIPS for genetic testing to improve a regional clinical genetic service. Clin Genet 2014; 88:155-60. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Niida
- Division of Genomic Medicine, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute; Kanazawa Medical University; Uchinada Japan
- Center for Medical Genetics; Kanazawa Medical University Hospital; Uchinada Japan
| | - M. Ozaki
- Division of Genomic Medicine, Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute; Kanazawa Medical University; Uchinada Japan
- Center for Medical Genetics; Kanazawa Medical University Hospital; Uchinada Japan
| | - M. Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics; Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science; Kanazawa Japan
| | - E. Takase
- Center for Medical Genetics; Kanazawa Medical University Hospital; Uchinada Japan
| | - M. Kuroda
- Department of Pediatrics; Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science; Kanazawa Japan
| | - Y. Mitani
- Department of Pediatrics; Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science; Kanazawa Japan
| | - A. Okumura
- Department of Pediatrics; Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science; Kanazawa Japan
| | - A. Yokoi
- Department of Pediatrics; Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science; Kanazawa Japan
| | - S. Fujita
- Department of Pediatrics; Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital; Toyama Japan
| | - K. Yamada
- Department of Pediatrics; Tonami General Hospital; Toyama Japan
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Abstract
With the increasing use of next-generation sequencing applications, there has been an increase in identification of genetic causes of cardiac disease. This technology has also enabled the transition of these genes into the clinical setting and the rapid growth of large gene tests for the diagnosis of heart disorders. The ability to combine tests to include similar, but distinct, diseases has shown that many genes can be responsible for a wide variety of both syndromic and nonsyndromic disorders. This article discusses the current state of molecular genetic diagnosis for cardiac disorders, focusing on diseases with mendelian inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Lebo
- Partners HealthCare Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Woman's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Samantha M Baxter
- Partners HealthCare Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Shi Y, Tu Y, Mecham RP, Bassnett S. Ocular phenotype of Fbn2-null mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2013; 54:7163-73. [PMID: 24130178 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.13-12687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Fibrillin-2 (Fbn2) is the dominant fibrillin isoform expressed during development of the mouse eye. To test its role in morphogenesis, we examined the ocular phenotype of Fbn2(-/-) mice. METHODS Ocular morphology was assessed by confocal microscopy using antibodies against microfibril components. RESULTS Fbn2(-/-) mice had a high incidence of anterior segment dysgenesis. The iris was the most commonly affected tissue. Complete iridal coloboma was present in 37% of eyes. Dyscoria, corectopia and pseudopolycoria were also common (43% combined incidence). In wild-type (WT) mice, fibrillin-2-rich microfibrils are prominent in the pupillary membrane (PM) during development. In Fbn2-null mice, the absence of Fbn2 was partially compensated for by increased expression of fibrillin-1, although the resulting PM microfibrils were disorganized, compared with WTs. In colobomatous adult Fbn2(-/-) eyes, the PM failed to regress normally, especially beneath the notched region of the iris. Segments of the ciliary body were hypoplastic, and zonular fibers, although relatively plentiful, were unevenly distributed around the lens equator. In regions where the zonular fibers were particularly disturbed, the synchronous differentiation of the underlying lens fiber cells was affected. CONCLUSIONS Fbn2 has an indispensable role in ocular morphogenesis in mice. The high incidence of iris coloboma in Fbn2-null animals implies a previously unsuspected role in optic fissure closure. The observation that fiber cell differentiation was disturbed in Fbn2(-/-) mice raises the possibility that the attachment of zonular fibers to the lens surface may help specify the equatorial margin of the lens epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Yu J, Urban J. Immunolocalisation of fibrillin microfibrils in the calf metacarpal and vertebral growth plate. J Anat 2013; 223:641-50. [PMID: 24117386 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Overgrowth of limbs and spinal deformities are typical clinical manifestations of Marfan syndrome (MFS) and congenital contractural arachnodactyly (CCA), caused by mutations of the genes encoding fibrillin-1 (FBN1) and fibrillin-2 (FBN2), respectively. FBN1 mutations are also associated with acromicric (AD) and geleophysic dysplasias (GD), and with Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS), which is characterised by short stature. The mechanisms leading to such abnormal skeletal growth and the involvement of the fibrillins are not understood. Postnatal longitudinal bone growth mainly occurs in the epiphyseal growth plate. Here we investigated the organisation of fibrillin microfibrils in the growth plate of the long bone and vertebra immunohistochemically. Fibrillin-1 was dual-immunostained with elastin, with fibrillin-2 or with collagen X. We report that fibrillin microfibrils are distributed throughout all regions of the growth plate, and that fibrillin-1 and fibrillin-2 were differentially organised. Fibrillin-1 was more abundant in the extracellular matrix of the resting and proliferative zones of the growth plate than in the hypertrophic zone. More fibrillin-2 was found in the calcified region than in the other regions. No elastin fibres were observed in either the proliferative or hypertrophic zones. This study indicates that, as fibrillin microfibrils are involved in growth factor binding and may play a mechanical role, they could be directly involved in regulating bone growth. Hence, mutations of the fibrillins could affect their functional role in growth and lead to the growth disorders seen in patients with MFS, CCA, AD, GD and WMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Chen CP, Huang MC, Chen YY, Chern SR, Wu PS, Chen YT, Su JW, Wang W. Prenatal diagnosis of de novo interstitial deletions involving 5q23.1-q23.3 and 18q12.1-q12.3 by array CGH using uncultured amniocytes in a pregnancy with fetal interrupted aortic arch and atrial septal defect. Gene 2013; 531:496-501. [PMID: 24036431 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We present prenatal diagnosis of de novo interstitial deletions involving 5q23.1-q23.3 and 18q12.1-q12.3 by aCGH using uncultured amniocytes in pregnancy with interrupted aortic arch and atrial septal defect in a fetus. The fetus postnatally manifested facial dysmorphisms and long slender fingers. We discuss the genotype-phenotype correlation and the consequence of haploinsufficiency of FBN2, DTNA and CELF4 in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ping Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical and Community Health Nursing, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Congenital contractural arachnodactyly (Beals-Hecht syndrome): a rare connective tissue disorder. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2013; 125:288-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00508-013-0358-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Grant TM, Thompson MS, Urban J, Yu J. Elastic fibres are broadly distributed in tendon and highly localized around tenocytes. J Anat 2013; 222:573-9. [PMID: 23587025 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Elastic fibres have the unique ability to withstand large deformations and are found in numerous tissues, but their organization and structure have not been well defined in tendon. The objective of this study was to characterize the organization of elastic fibres in tendon to understand their function. Immunohistochemistry was used to visualize elastic fibres in bovine flexor tendon with fibrillin-1, fibrillin-2 and elastin antibodies. Elastic fibres were broadly distributed throughout tendon, and highly localized longitudinally around groups of cells and transversely between collagen fascicles. The close interaction of elastic fibres and cells suggests that elastic fibres are part of the pericellular matrix and therefore affect the mechanical environment of tenocytes. Fibres present between fascicles are likely part of the endotenon sheath, which enhances sliding between adjacent collagen bundles. These results demonstrate that elastic fibres are highly localized in tendon and may play an important role in cellular function and contribute to the tissue mechanics of the endotenon sheath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler M Grant
- Department of Engineering, Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Abstract
AIM Distal arthrogryposis is characterized by congenital contractures predominantly in hands and feet. Mutations in sarcomeric protein genes are involved in several types of distal arthrogryposis. Our aim is to describe clinical and molecular genetic findings in individuals with distal arthrogryposis and evaluate the genotype-phenotype correlation. METHOD We investigated 39 patients from 21 families. Clinical history, including neonatal findings, joint involvement and motor function, was documented. Clinical examination was performed including evaluation of muscle strength. Molecular genetic investigations were carried out in 19 index cases. Muscle biopsies from 17 patients were analysed. RESULTS A pathogenic mutation was found in six families with 19 affected family members with autosomal dominant inheritance and in one child with sporadic occurrence. In three families and in one child with sporadic form, the identified mutation was de novo. Muscle weakness was found in 17 patients. Ambulation was affected in four patients and hand function in 28. Fourteen patients reported pain related to muscle and joint affection. CONCLUSION The clinical findings were highly variable between families and also within families. Mutations in the same gene were found in different syndromes suggesting varying clinical penetrance and expression, and different gene mutations were found in the same clinical syndrome demonstrating genetic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kimber
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
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Stamper BD, Park SS, Beyer RP, Bammler TK, Cunningham ML. Unique sex-based approach identifies transcriptomic biomarkers associated with non-syndromic craniosynostosis. GENE REGULATION AND SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2012; 6:81-92. [PMID: 22654505 PMCID: PMC3362332 DOI: 10.4137/grsb.s9693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The premature fusion of one cranial suture, also referred to as non-syndromic craniosynostosis, most commonly involves premature fusion of the sagittal, coronal, or metopic sutures, in that order. Population-based epidemiological studies have found that the birth prevalence of single-suture craniosynostosis is both suture- and sex-dependent. METHODS Transcriptomic data from 199 individuals with isolated sagittal (n = 100), unilateral coronal (n = 50), and metopic (n = 49) synostosis were compared against a control population (n = 50) to identify transcripts accounting for the different sex-based frequencies observed in this disease. RESULTS Differential sex-based gene expression was classified as either gained (divergent) or lost (convergent) in affected individuals to identify transcripts related to disease predilection. Divergent expression was dependent on synostosis sub-type, and was extensive in metopic craniosynostosis specifically. Convergent microarray-based expression was independent of synostosis sub-type, with convergent expression of FBN2, IGF2BP3, PDE1C and TINAGL1 being the most robust across all synostosis sub-types. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of sex-based gene expression followed by validation by qRT-PCR identified that concurrent upregulation of FBN2 and IGF2BP3, and downregulation of TINAGL1 in craniosynostosis cases were all associated with increased RUNX2 expression and may represent a transcriptomic signature that can be used to characterize a subset of single-suture craniosynostosis cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan D Stamper
- Center for Tissue and Cell Sciences, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
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Friedenberg SG, Zhu L, Zhang Z, Foels WVDB, Schweitzer PA, Wang W, Fisher PJ, Dykes NL, Corey E, Vernier-Singer M, Jung SW, Sheng X, Hunter LS, McDonough SP, Lust G, Bliss SP, Krotscheck U, Gunn TM, Todhunter RJ. Evaluation of a fibrillin 2 gene haplotype associated with hip dysplasia and incipient osteoarthritis in dogs. Am J Vet Res 2011; 72:530-40. [PMID: 21453155 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.72.4.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether a mutation in the fibrillin 2 gene (FBN2) is associated with canine hip dysplasia (CHD) and osteoarthritis in dogs. ANIMALS 1,551 dogs. Procedures-Hip conformation was measured radiographically. The FBN2 was sequenced from genomic DNA of 21 Labrador Retrievers and 2 Greyhounds, and a haplotype in intron 30 of FBN2 was sequenced in 90 additional Labrador Retrievers and 143 dogs of 6 other breeds. Steady-state values of FBN2 mRNA and control genes were measured in hip joint tissues of fourteen 8-month-old Labrador Retriever-Greyhound crossbreeds. RESULTS The Labrador Retrievers homozygous for a 10-bp deletion haplotype in intron 30 of FBN2 had significantly worse CHD as measured via higher distraction index and extended-hip joint radiograph score and a lower Norberg angle and dorsolateral subluxation score. Among 143 dogs of 6 other breeds, those homozygous for the same deletion haplotype also had significantly worse radiographic CHD. Among the 14 crossbred dogs, as the dorsolateral subluxation score decreased, the capsular FBN2 mRNA increased significantly. Those dogs with incipient hip joint osteoarthritis had significantly increased capsular FBN2 mRNA, compared with those dogs without osteoarthritis. Dogs homozygous for the FBN2 deletion haplotype had significantly less FBN2 mRNA in their femoral head articular cartilage. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The FBN2 deletion haplotype was associated with CHD. Capsular gene expression of FBN2 was confounded by incipient secondary osteoarthritis in dysplastic hip joints. Genes influencing complex traits in dogs can be identified by genome-wide screening, fine mapping, and candidate gene screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven G Friedenberg
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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Szauter K, Ordas A, Laxer R, Pope E, Wherrett D, Alman B, Mink M, Boyd C, Csiszar K, Hinek A. A novel fibrotic disorder associated with increased dermal fibroblast proliferation and downregulation of genes of the microfibrillar network. Br J Dermatol 2010; 163:1102-15. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09911.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Hiratzka LF, Bakris GL, Beckman JA, Bersin RM, Carr VF, Casey DE, Eagle KA, Hermann LK, Isselbacher EM, Kazerooni EA, Kouchoukos NT, Lytle BW, Milewicz DM, Reich DL, Sen S, Shinn JA, Svensson LG, Williams DM. 2010 ACCF/AHA/AATS/ACR/ASA/SCA/SCAI/SIR/STS/SVM Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with thoracic aortic disease. A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Radiology,American Stroke Association, Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, Society of Thoracic Surgeons,and Society for Vascular Medicine. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55:e27-e129. [PMID: 20359588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 998] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Hiratzka LF, Bakris GL, Beckman JA, Bersin RM, Carr VF, Casey DE, Eagle KA, Hermann LK, Isselbacher EM, Kazerooni EA, Kouchoukos NT, Lytle BW, Milewicz DM, Reich DL, Sen S, Shinn JA, Svensson LG, Williams DM. 2010 ACCF/AHA/AATS/ACR/ASA/SCA/SCAI/SIR/STS/SVM Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Thoracic Aortic Disease: Executive Summary. Circulation 2010. [DOI: 10.1161/cir.0b013e3181d47d48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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2010 ACCF/AHA/AATS/ACR/ASA/SCA/SCAI/SIR/STS/SVM Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Thoracic Aortic Disease: Executive Summary. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Hiratzka LF, Bakris GL, Beckman JA, Bersin RM, Carr VF, Casey DE, Eagle KA, Hermann LK, Isselbacher EM, Kazerooni EA, Kouchoukos NT, Lytle BW, Milewicz DM, Reich DL, Sen S, Shinn JA, Svensson LG, Williams DM. 2010 ACCF/AHA/AATS/ACR/ASA/SCA/SCAI/SIR/STS/SVM guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with Thoracic Aortic Disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Radiology, American Stroke Association, Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, and Society for Vascular Medicine. Circulation 2010; 121:e266-369. [PMID: 20233780 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0b013e3181d4739e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1175] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Hiratzka LF, Bakris GL, Beckman JA, Bersin RM, Carr VF, Casey DE, Eagle KA, Hermann LK, Isselbacher EM, Kazerooni EA, Kouchoukos NT, Lytle BW, Milewicz DM, Reich DL, Sen S, Shinn JA, Svensson LG, Williams DM, Jacobs AK, Smith SC, Anderson JL, Adams CD, Buller CE, Creager MA, Ettinger SM, Guyton RA, Halperin JL, Hunt SA, Krumholz HM, Kushner FG, Lytle BW, Nishimura R, Page RL, Riegel B, Stevenson WG, Tarkington LG, Yancy CW. 2010 ACCF/AHA/AATS/ACR/ASA/SCA/SCAI/SIR/STS/SVM Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Thoracic Aortic Disease: Executive Summary. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2010; 76:E43-86. [DOI: 10.1002/ccd.22537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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