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Fukuda T, Yamazaki H, Miyatani Y, Sawada T, Shibuya N, Fukuo Y, Kiyohara H, Morikubo H, Tominaga K, Kakimoto K, Imai T, Yaguchi K, Yamamoto S, Ando K, Nishimata N, Yoshihara T, Andoh A, Hibi T, Matsuoka K. Recent steroid use and the relapse risk in ulcerative colitis patients with endoscopic healing. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 60:43-51. [PMID: 38651779 DOI: 10.1111/apt.18013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic healing (EH) is a therapeutic target in ulcerative colitis (UC). However, even patients who have achieved EH relapse frequently. AIMS To investigate the association between recent steroid use and relapse risk in UC patients with EH. METHODS This multi-centre cohort study included 1212 UC patients with confirmed EH (Mayo endoscopic subscore ≤1). We excluded patients with current systemic steroid use or history of advanced therapy. We divided patients into a recent steroid group (last systemic steroid use within 1 year; n = 59) and a non-recent or steroid-naïve group (n = 1153). We followed the patients for 2 years to evaluate relapse, defined as induction of systemic steroids or advanced therapy. We used logistic regression to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of relapse. RESULTS Relapse occurred in 28.8% of the recent steroid group and 5.6% of the non-recent/steroid-naïve group (multi-variable-adjusted OR 5.53 [95% CI 2.85-10.7]). The risk of relapse decreased with time since the last steroid use: 28.8% for less than 1 year after steroid therapy, 22.9% for 1 year, 16.0% for 2 years and 7.9% beyond 3 years, approaching 4.0% in steroid-naïve patients. (ptrend <0.001). CONCLUSIONS Even for patients with UC who achieved EH, the risk of relapse remains high following recent steroid therapy. Physicians need to consider the duration since last steroid use to stratify the relapse risk in UC patients with EH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hajime Yamazaki
- Section of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyatani
- Centre for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsunaki Sawada
- Department of Endoscopy, Nagoya University Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoki Shibuya
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuka Fukuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kiyohara
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromu Morikubo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Tominaga
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazuki Kakimoto
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Imai
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Katsuki Yaguchi
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Yokohama City University Medical Centre, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shojiro Yamamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki Hospital, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Ando
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Division of Metabolism and Biosystemic Science, Gastroenterology and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Nishimata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sameshima Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takeo Yoshihara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Andoh
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Hibi
- Centre for Advanced IBD Research and Treatment, Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Matsuoka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Sakura Medical Center, Chiba, Japan
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2
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Ke Y, Liu X, Niu T, Qiang Z, Gao F. MIR-21 regulating distribution of intestinal flora through TNF-α promotes progression of ulcerative colitis. J Med Biochem 2024; 43:299-305. [PMID: 38699693 PMCID: PMC11062334 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-43320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To study the changes in intestinal flora in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and to explore its correlations with micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-21 and serum tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α). Methods A total of 150 patients with UC were selected and divided into remission group and seizure group according to the severity of disease. At the same time, 150 healthy people receiving physical examination in the hospital during the same period were selected as control group. The levels of fecal miR-21 and TNF-α in all subjects were determined via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The correlation between miR-21 and TNF-α and their associations with the changes in intestinal bacteria in UC were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. The risk factors affecting the occurrence of UC were explored via multivariate logistic regression analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ke
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital (Gansu Provincial Central Hospital), Department of Hematology and Oncology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xueni Liu
- PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Critical Care Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Niu
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital (Gansu Provincial Central Hospital), Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhao Qiang
- Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-Care Hospital (Gansu Provincial Central Hospital), Department of Hematology and Oncology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Health Service Department of the Guard Bureau of the General Office, Beijing, China
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3
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Jia J, Zheng W, Tang S, Song S, Ai C. Scytosiphon lomentaria fucoidan ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in dietary fiber-deficient mice via modulating the gut microbiota and inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB/MLCK pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127337. [PMID: 37820918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of ulcerative colitis (UC) poses a serious threat to human health. This study showed that fiber-deficient diet (FD) increased the susceptibility of mice to low dosage of DSS-induced UC, and a UC model was established by feeding mice with DSS and FD to evaluate the effect of Scytosiphon lomentaria fucoidan (SLF) on UC. SLF ameliorated the symptoms of UC, as evidenced by increases in colon length, goblet cells and glycoprotein and reduction in inflammatory cell infiltration and intestinal epithelial injury. SLF alleviated oxidative stress and inhibited colonic inflammation by reducing the levels of lipopolysaccharides and pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppressing the activation of nuclear factor kappa B pathway. SLF protected tight junction integrity by reducing the level of myosin light chain kinase and increasing the levels of claudin, zonula occludens-1 and occludin. SLF improved serum metabolites profile and affected multiple metabolic pathways that are crucial to human health, e.g. butanoate metabolism. The underlying mechanism can be associated with modulation of the gut microbiota and metabolites, including increases in short chain fatty acids and reduction in Proteobacteria, Bacteroides and Romboutsia. It suggests that SLF could be developed as a prebiotic polysaccharide to benefit human health by improving intestinal microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Jia
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Weiyun Zheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Shuangru Tang
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Shuang Song
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China
| | - Chunqing Ai
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China; National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Marine Bioactive Polysaccharide Development and Application, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China.
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4
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Bernard JK, Bucar EB, Liu CY, Katada K, Washington MK, Schumacher MA, Frey MR. Deletion of Endogenous Neuregulin-4 Limits Adaptive Immunity During Interleukin-10 Receptor-Neutralizing Colitis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023; 29:1778-1792. [PMID: 37265326 PMCID: PMC10628918 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growth factors are essential for maintenance of intestinal health. We previously showed that exogenous neuregulin-4 (NRG4) promotes colonocyte survival during cytokine challenge and is protective against acute models of intestinal inflammation. However, the function(s) of endogenous NRG4 are not well understood. Using NRG4-/- mice, we tested the role of endogenous NRG4 in models of colitis skewed toward either adaptive (interleukin-10 receptor [IL-10R] neutralization) or innate (dextran sulfate sodium [DSS]) immune responses. METHODS NRG4-/- and wild-type cage mate mice were subjected to chronic IL-10R neutralization colitis and acute DSS colitis. Disease was assessed by histological examination, inflammatory cytokine levels, fecal lipocalin-2 levels, and single cell mass cytometry immune cell profiling. Homeostatic gene alterations were evaluated by RNA sequencing analysis from colonic homogenates, with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction confirmation in both tissue and isolated epithelium. RESULTS During IL-10R neutralization colitis, NRG4-/- mice had reduced colonic inflammatory cytokine expression, histological damage, and colonic CD8+ T cell numbers vs wild-type cage mates. Conversely, in DSS colitis, NRG4-/- mice had elevated cytokine expression, fecal lipocalin-2 levels, and impaired weight recovery. RNA sequencing showed a loss of St3gal4, a sialyltransferase involved in immune cell trafficking, in NRG4-null colons, which was verified in both tissue and isolated epithelium. The regulation of St3gal4 by NRG4 was confirmed with ex vivo epithelial colon organoid cultures from NRG4-/- mice and by induction of St3gal4 in vivo following NRG4 treatment. CONCLUSIONS NRG4 regulates colonic epithelial ST3GAL4 and thus may allow for robust recruitment of CD8+ T cells during adaptive immune responses in colitis. On the other hand, NRG4 loss exacerbates injury driven by innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Bernard
- Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Craniofacial Biology Program, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Edie B Bucar
- Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cambrian Y Liu
- Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kay Katada
- Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mary K Washington
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael A Schumacher
- Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark R Frey
- Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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5
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Zogorean R, Wirtz S. The yin and yang of B cells in a constant state of battle: intestinal inflammation and inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1260266. [PMID: 37849749 PMCID: PMC10577428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1260266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, defined by a clinical relapse-remitting course. Affecting people worldwide, the origin of IBD is still undefined, arising as a consequence of the interaction between genes, environment, and microbiota. Although the root cause is difficult to identify, data clearly indicate that dysbiosis and pathogenic microbial taxa are connected with the establishment and clinical course of IBD. The composition of the microbiota is shaped by plasma cell IgA secretion and binding, while cytokines such as IL10 or IFN-γ are important fine-tuners of the immune response in the gastrointestinal environment. B cells may also influence the course of inflammation by promoting either an anti-inflammatory or a pro-inflammatory milieu. Here, we discuss IgA-producing B regulatory cells as an anti-inflammatory factor in intestinal inflammation. Moreover, we specify the context of IgA and IgG as players that can potentially participate in mucosal inflammation. Finally, we discuss the role of B cells in mouse infection models where IL10, IgA, or IgG contribute to the outcome of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Zogorean
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirtz
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Medical Immunology Campus Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany
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6
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Ullah H, Deng T, Ali M, Farooqui NA, Alsholi DM, Siddiqui NZ, Rehman AU, Ali S, Ilyas M, Wang L, Xin Y. Sea Conch Peptides Hydrolysate Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice through Immune Modulation and Gut Microbiota Restoration. Molecules 2023; 28:6849. [PMID: 37836692 PMCID: PMC10574497 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a persistent, lifelong inflammation of the digestive system. Dextran sulfate sodium is commonly used to induce colitis in experimental animal models, which causes epithelial damage, intestinal inflammation, mucin depletion, and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Various prebiotics, polysaccharides, and polypeptides are used for IBD treatment. In this study, we used a murine model utilizing BALB/c mice, with 10 mice per group, to investigate the treatment effect of sea conch peptide hydrolysate (CPH) on DSS-induced colitis mice. Colitis was induced through the administration of 2.5% DSS in drinking water over a seven-days period. Furthermore, on the eighth day of the experiment, sea conch peptide hydrolysate (CPH) at low (100 mg/kg), medium (200 mg/kg), and high (400 mg/kg) doses, which were continued for 14 days, were assessed for medicinal purposes in DSS-induced colitis mice. Our results showed that CPH treatment significantly alleviated the severity and symptoms of colitis. The epithelial integrity and histological damage were improved. Intestinal inflammation and inflammatory cell infiltration were improved. Furthermore, the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was reduced, and intestinal barrier integrity was restored by elevating the tight junction proteins. Moreover, 16s RNA sequencing revealed dysbiosis of the gut microbiota was observed upon DSS treatment, which was reinstated after CPH treatment. An increased level of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus was observed in the treatment groups. Finally, our results suggest that CPH would be recommended as a functional food source and also have the potential to be used as a medicinal product for different gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidayat Ullah
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (H.U.); (T.D.); (M.A.); (N.A.F.); (D.M.A.); (N.Z.S.); (A.U.R.); (M.I.)
| | - Ting Deng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (H.U.); (T.D.); (M.A.); (N.A.F.); (D.M.A.); (N.Z.S.); (A.U.R.); (M.I.)
| | - Muhsin Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (H.U.); (T.D.); (M.A.); (N.A.F.); (D.M.A.); (N.Z.S.); (A.U.R.); (M.I.)
| | - Nabeel Ahmed Farooqui
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (H.U.); (T.D.); (M.A.); (N.A.F.); (D.M.A.); (N.Z.S.); (A.U.R.); (M.I.)
| | - Duaa M. Alsholi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (H.U.); (T.D.); (M.A.); (N.A.F.); (D.M.A.); (N.Z.S.); (A.U.R.); (M.I.)
| | - Nimra Zafar Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (H.U.); (T.D.); (M.A.); (N.A.F.); (D.M.A.); (N.Z.S.); (A.U.R.); (M.I.)
| | - Ata Ur Rehman
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (H.U.); (T.D.); (M.A.); (N.A.F.); (D.M.A.); (N.Z.S.); (A.U.R.); (M.I.)
| | - Sharafat Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China;
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (H.U.); (T.D.); (M.A.); (N.A.F.); (D.M.A.); (N.Z.S.); (A.U.R.); (M.I.)
| | - Liang Wang
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, National Joint Engineering Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Yi Xin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China; (H.U.); (T.D.); (M.A.); (N.A.F.); (D.M.A.); (N.Z.S.); (A.U.R.); (M.I.)
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7
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Guo Y, Liu Y, Rui B, Lei Z, Ning X, Liu Y, Li M. Crosstalk between the gut microbiota and innate lymphoid cells in intestinal mucosal immunity. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1171680. [PMID: 37304260 PMCID: PMC10249960 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1171680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal mucosa is colonized by thousands of microorganisms, which participate in a variety of physiological functions. Intestinal dysbiosis is closely associated with the pathogenesis of several human diseases. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), which include NK cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s and LTi cells, are a type of innate immune cells. They are enriched in the mucosal tissues of the body, and have recently received extensive attention. The gut microbiota and its metabolites play important roles in various intestinal mucosal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), allergic disease, and cancer. Therefore, studies on ILCs and their interaction with the gut microbiota have great clinical significance owing to their potential for identifying pharmacotherapy targets for multiple related diseases. This review expounds on the progress in research on ILCs differentiation and development, the biological functions of the intestinal microbiota, and its interaction with ILCs in disease conditions in order to provide novel ideas for disease treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ming Li
- *Correspondence: Yinhui Liu, ; Ming Li,
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8
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Ren Y, Hou S, Sui Y, Chang N, Zhou Y, Sun C. Sonchus arvensis L. water extract attenuates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis by adjusting gut microbiota. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14168. [PMID: 36923824 PMCID: PMC10009677 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sonchus arvensisL. (SA) is a traditional Chinese food and medicine termed "Ju Mai Cai". The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of an aqueous extract of SA on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) - induced colitis in mice by adjusting the diversity of gut microbiota. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: CL (control group); ML group (DSS only); SA group (SA extract); and MS group (SA extract + DSS). The protective effect of SA on ulcerative disease was estimated by several analyses (i.e., body weight loss, diarrhea, bloody stools, disease activity index scores, and hematoxylin and eosin staining). The effect of SA on gut microbiota was determined by analysis of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. The results indicated that MS significantly attenuated the body weight loss. The disease activity index scores were markedly lower in the MS group versus in the ML group. Moreover, the length of the colon was significantly improved in the MS groups versus in the ML group. Pathological changes were markedly improved following the administration of SA to mice with DSS-induced ulcerative disease. The results of Beta diversity analysis revealed that the composition of gut microbiota was significantly different between groups. Taken together, the results indicated that SA extract may prevent ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachao Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300000, China.,Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Shenghua Hou
- Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yilei Sui
- Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Naidan Chang
- Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Yulong Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
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9
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Ouahed JD. Understanding inborn errors of immunity: A lens into the pathophysiology of monogenic inflammatory bowel disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1026511. [PMID: 36248828 PMCID: PMC9556666 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1026511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, including Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and inflammatory bowel disease-undefined (IBD-U). IBD are understood to be multifactorial, involving genetic, immune, microbial and environmental factors. Advances in next generation sequencing facilitated the growing identification of over 80 monogenic causes of IBD, many of which overlap with Inborn errors of immunity (IEI); Approximately a third of currently identified IEI result in gastrointestinal manifestations, many of which are inflammatory in nature, such as IBD. Indeed, the gastrointestinal tract represents an opportune system to study IEI as it consists of the largest mass of lymphoid tissue in the body and employs a thin layer of intestinal epithelial cells as the critical barrier between the intestinal lumen and the host. In this mini-review, a selection of pertinent IEI resulting in monogenic IBD is described involving disorders in the intestinal epithelial barrier, phagocytosis, T and B cell defects, as well as those impairing central and peripheral tolerance. The contribution of disrupted gut-microbiota-host interactions in disturbing intestinal homeostasis among patients with intestinal disease is also discussed. The molecular mechanisms driving pathogenesis are reviewed along with the personalized therapeutic interventions and investigational avenues this growing knowledge has enabled.
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10
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Nishida A, Nishino K, Ohno M, Sakai K, Owaki Y, Noda Y, Imaeda H. Update on gut microbiota in gastrointestinal diseases. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:7653-7664. [PMID: 36158494 PMCID: PMC9372855 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i22.7653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut is a complex microbial ecosystem comprising approximately 100 trillion microbes collectively known as the "gut microbiota". At a rough estimate, the human gut microbiome contains almost 3.3 million genes, which are about 150 times more than the total human genes present in the human genome. The vast amount of genetic information produces various enzymes and physiologically active substances. Thus, the gut microbiota contributes to the maintenance of host health; however, when healthy microbial composition is perturbed, a condition termed "dysbiosis", the altered gut microbiota can trigger the development of various gastrointestinal diseases. The gut microbiota has consequently become an extremely important research area in gastroenterology. It is also expected that the results of research into the gut microbiota will be applied to the prevention and treatment of human gastrointestinal diseases. A randomized controlled trial conducted by a Dutch research group in 2013 showed the positive effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). These findings have led to the development of treatments targeting the gut microbiota, such as probiotics and FMT for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and other diseases. This review focuses on the association of the gut microbiota with human gastrointestinal diseases, including CDI, IBD, and irritable bowel syndrome. We also summarize the therapeutic options for targeting the altered gut microbiota, such as probiotics and FMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nishida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagahama City Hospital, Nagahama 526-8580, Japan
| | - Kyohei Nishino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagahama City Hospital, Nagahama 526-8580, Japan
| | - Masashi Ohno
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagahama City Hospital, Nagahama 526-8580, Japan
| | - Keitaro Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagahama City Hospital, Nagahama 526-8580, Japan
| | - Yuji Owaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagahama City Hospital, Nagahama 526-8580, Japan
| | - Yoshika Noda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagahama City Hospital, Nagahama 526-8580, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Imaeda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagahama City Hospital, Nagahama 526-8580, Japan
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11
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Noorian S, Jeon Y, Nguyen MT, Sauk J, Limketkai BN. The Impact of NAFLD on Hospitalization Outcomes in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Nationwide Analysis. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:878-887. [PMID: 34374782 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Yet, the impact of NAFLD on outcomes, along with the contribution of nonmetabolic factors to NAFLD development, is unclear. To investigate these topics, we conducted a nationwide study examining the impact of NAFLD on hospitalization outcomes in IBD patients after adjusting for metabolic factors. METHODS Patients with IBD-related hospitalizations were identified using the Nationwide Readmissions Database from 2016 to 2018. Inflammatory bowel disease patients with and without NAFLD were matched based on IBD type, age, sex, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus. Primary outcomes were IBD-related readmission, IBD-related surgery, and death. Secondary outcomes were length of stay (LOS) and cost of care (COC). The primary multivariable model adjusted for obesity, dyslipidemia, Charlson-Deyo comorbidity index, hospital characteristics, payer, patient income, and elective status of admissions. RESULTS Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was associated with a higher risk of IBD-related readmission (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.90; P < .01) and death (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.73; P < .01), 0.71-day longer LOS (P < .01), and $7312 higher COC (P < .01) in those with Crohn's disease. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was also associated with a higher risk of IBD-related readmission (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.65; P < .01), 0.64-day longer LOS (P < .01), and $9392 (P < .01) higher COC, but there was no difference in death in those with UC. No differences in risk of IBD-related surgery were observed. CONCLUSIONS Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with worse hospitalization outcomes in IBD patients after adjusting for metabolic factors. These data suggest nonmetabolic factors may be implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD in IBD patients and may contribute to worsened clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaya Noorian
- UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yejoo Jeon
- UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Minh T Nguyen
- UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jenny Sauk
- UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Berkeley N Limketkai
- UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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12
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Tominaga K, Tsuchiya A, Mizusawa T, Matsumoto A, Minemura A, Oka K, Takahashi M, Yoshida T, Kojima Y, Ogawa K, Kawata Y, Nakajima N, Kimura N, Abe H, Setsu T, Takahashi K, Sato H, Ikarashi S, Hayashi K, Mizuno K, Yokoyama J, Tajima Y, Nakano M, Shimada Y, Kameyama H, Wakai T, Terai S. Utility of autologous fecal microbiota transplantation and elucidation of microbiota in diversion colitis. DEN OPEN 2022; 2:e63. [PMID: 35310733 PMCID: PMC8828251 DOI: 10.1002/deo2.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Diversion colitis (DC) is an inflammatory disorder caused by interruption of the fecal stream and subsequent nutrient deficiency from luminal bacteria. The utility of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for DC was recently investigated; however, the precise pathogenesis of this condition remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of autologous FMT in DC and to determine the related changes in the intestinal microbiota. Methods Autologous FMT was performed to reestablish the intestinal microbiota in five patients (average age, 64.6 ± 8.3 years) with DC. They underwent double‐ended colostomy. We assessed the diverted colon by endoscopy and evaluated the microbiota before and after FMT using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing method. Results All five patients had mild inflammation (ulcerative colitis endoscopic index of severity [UCEIS] 2–3) in the diverted colon based on the colonoscopic findings. Three patients presented with symptoms, such as tenesmus, mucoid stool, and bloody stool. With FMT treatment, all patients achieved endoscopic remission (UCEIS score of 0 or 1) and symptomatic improvement. We observed a significantly decreased α‐diversity in DC patients compared to healthy controls. The frequency of aerobic bacteria, such as Enterobacteriaceae, in the diverted colon decreased after autologous FMT. Conclusions This study was the first to show that the microbiota in the diverted colon was significantly affected by autologous FMT. Since interruption of the fecal stream is central to the development of DC, FMT can be considered a promising treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Tominaga
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Atsunori Tsuchiya
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Takeshi Mizusawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Asami Matsumoto
- R&D Division Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Saitama Japan
| | - Ayaka Minemura
- R&D Division Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Saitama Japan
| | - Kentaro Oka
- R&D Division Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Saitama Japan
| | | | - Tomoaki Yoshida
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Yuichi Kojima
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Kohei Ogawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Yuzo Kawata
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Nao Nakajima
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Naruhiro Kimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Abe
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Toru Setsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Kazuya Takahashi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Hiroki Sato
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Satoshi Ikarashi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Kazunao Hayashi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Ken‐ichi Mizuno
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Junji Yokoyama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Yosuke Tajima
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Masato Nakano
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Shimada
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kameyama
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Toshifumi Wakai
- Division of Digestive and General Surgery Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Shuji Terai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University Niigata Japan
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13
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Chen C, Wang H, Hong T, Huang X, Xia S, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhong Y, Nie S. Effects of tea polysaccharides in combination with polyphenols on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. Food Chem X 2022; 13:100190. [PMID: 35498966 PMCID: PMC9039880 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2021.100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea polysaccharides (TPS) and tea polyphenols (TPP) had synergic effect on colitis. TPP + TPS was more effective on alleviating symptom severity. TPP + TPS showed greater effects on promoting intestinal barrier function. TPP + TPS increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus.
Both tea polysaccharides (TPS) and tea polyphenols (TPP) are promising in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the effects of their combination against IBD are still unknown. In the present study, the therapeutic effects of TPS, TPP and TPS + TPP on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice were investigated. Our results showed that administration of TPS + TPP achieved the best effects, followed by TPP and TPS, which were evidenced by the restoration of various physical signs (body weight, colon length and disease activity index) and the promoted intestinal barrier function (colon damage, mucin secretion and tight junction proteins expression). Furthermore, TPP and TPS decreased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae, while TPP + TPS increased that of Lactobacillaceae and Lactobacillus. In conclusion, TPS together with TPP had greater effects on alleviating colitis and promoting intestinal barrier function. This result is interesting when developing functional foods against colitis.
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14
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Yao H, Shi Y, Yuan J, Sa R, Chen W, Wan X. Matrine protects against DSS-induced murine colitis by improving gut barrier integrity, inhibiting the PPAR-α signaling pathway, and modulating gut microbiota. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108091. [PMID: 34474274 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Matrine is a naturally occurring quinolizidine alkaloid with various bioactivities. However, little is known of its function on ulcerative colitis (UC). Here, we investigated the effect and underlying mechanisms of matrine on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mice. In this study, different concentrations of matrine were given to mice with DSS-induced colitis for a week. The symptoms of colitis, colonic pathology, inflammation-related indicators, and intestinal mucosal barrier function were detected and analyzed. Moreover, RNA-seq analysis in colon tissues was conducted, and 16S rDNA sequencing was carried out to evaluate the gut microbiota of colon contents. The results showed that matrine significantly alleviated clinical activity and histological changes of UC mice, inhibited the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, and improved gut barrier integrity. Moreover, RNA-seq analysis and experimental verification showed that matrine significantly inhibited the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) signaling pathway. 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that matrine altered the composition and functions of gut microbiota, increased the abundance of Barnesiella intestinihominis and decreased the abundance of Helicobacter ganmani at the species level. In conclusion, matrine ameliorated DSS-induced colitis by improving gut barrier integrity, inhibiting the PPAR-α signaling pathway, and modulating gut microbiota. These suggested that matrine may be a therapeutic agent for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixiang Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of GI Endoscopy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Junqing Yuan
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ri Sa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinjian Wan
- Department of GI Endoscopy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Rescues Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Dysbiosis of Gut Microbiota in XIAP Deficiency. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2021; 9:3767-3780. [PMID: 34246792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) deficiency is an infrequent inborn error of immunity that is often associated with refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The natural course of XIAP deficiency is typically associated with poor prognosis, and hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is the only curative treatment. OBJECTIVE To study (1) the effect of HCT on patients with XIAP deficiency undergoing HCT, (2) the status of XIAP deficiency-associated IBD after HCT, and (3) the gut microbiota of XIAP deficiency-associated IBD before and after HCT. METHODS A nationwide survey of patients with XIAP deficiency was conducted. A spreadsheet questionnaire was collected from the physicians. Feces samples collected from the patients before and after HCT and their healthy family members were analyzed. RESULTS Twenty-six patients with XIAP deficiency underwent HCT by the end of March 2020, and 22 patients (84.6%) survived. All the survivors underwent a fludarabine-based reduced-intensity condition regimen. Acute graft-versus-host disease was observed in 17 patients (65.4%). Nineteen patients experienced refractory IBD before undergoing HCT. IBD improved remarkably after HCT. After HCT, the colonoscopic and pathological symptoms were restored to normal, and the pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index improved significantly. Gut microbiota indicated dysbiosis before HCT; however, it was improved to resemble that of the healthy family members after HCT. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that HCT has a favorable outcome for XIAP deficiency. HCT rescues gut inflammation and dysbiosis in patients with XIAP deficiency.
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16
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Kobayashi T, Iwata Y, Nakade Y, Wada T. Significance of the Gut Microbiota in Acute Kidney Injury. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:369. [PMID: 34067285 PMCID: PMC8224769 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13060369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy, as well as diseased condition. Various organs and systems, including the kidney, are affected by the gut microbiota. While the impacts of the gut microbiota have been reported mainly on chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury (AKI) is also affected by the intestinal environment. In this review, we discussed the pathogenesis of AKI, highlighting the relation to the gut microbiota. Since there is no established treatment for AKI, new treatments for AKI are highly desired. Some kinds of gut bacteria and their metabolites reportedly have protective effects against AKI. Current studies provide new insights into the role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Kobayashi
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.N.); (T.W.)
| | - Yasunori Iwata
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.N.); (T.W.)
- Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nakade
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.N.); (T.W.)
| | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; (T.K.); (Y.N.); (T.W.)
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17
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Ye J, Haskey N, Dadlani H, Zubaidi H, Barnett JA, Ghosh S, Gibson DL. Deletion of mucin 2 induces colitis with concomitant metabolic abnormalities in mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2021; 320:G791-G803. [PMID: 33728986 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00277.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of under-recognized metabolic comorbidities. Chronic intestinal inflammation in IBD along with changes to the gut microbiome leads to broader systemic effects. Despite the existence of multiple animal models to study colitis, limited studies have examined the metabolic abnormalities associated with these models. In this study, a spontaneous model of colitis (mucin 2 knock-out mouse, Muc2-/-) was used to investigate the impact of intestinal disease on metabolic dysfunction. Before the onset of severe colitis, such as rectal prolapse, Muc2-/- mice exhibited impaired glucose clearance. Defects were noted in the insulin signaling pathway corresponding with upregulated genes in lipid utilization pathways, increased mitochondrial number, and peroxisome proliferator-activated coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), a transcription factor central to energy metabolism regulation. Parallel to these metabolic alterations, Muc2-/- mice exhibited systemic inflammation and bacteremia. We further characterized the dysbiotic microbiome's predicted functional categories given its contributing role to the colitic phenotype in the Muc2-/- mice. In addition to less butyrate levels, we show an increased predisposition to lipid metabolism and lipid biosynthesis pathways in the microbiome associated with the host's altered metabolic state. This study establishes the Muc2-/- mouse model that develops spontaneous colitis, as an ideal model for studying early comorbid metabolic dysfunction. Clarification of the underlying etiology of two phenotypes in this model could unravel important clues regarding the treatment of metabolic comorbidities during colitis.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study discloses the impaired systemic energy metabolism in a classic colitis murine model (Muc2-/- knock-out model). Investigating the interaction between colitis and metabolic disorders helps to extend our knowledge on deciphering inflammatory bowel disease-associated comorbidities and provides new insight into clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Ye
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan , Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Natasha Haskey
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan , Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hansika Dadlani
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan , Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hatem Zubaidi
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan , Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jacqueline A Barnett
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan , Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sanjoy Ghosh
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan , Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Deanna L Gibson
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan , Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia Okanagan , Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
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18
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Aldars-García L, Chaparro M, Gisbert JP. Systematic Review: The Gut Microbiome and Its Potential Clinical Application in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9050977. [PMID: 33946482 PMCID: PMC8147118 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9050977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing-remitting systemic disease of the gastrointestinal tract. It is well established that the gut microbiome has a profound impact on IBD pathogenesis. Our aim was to systematically review the literature on the IBD gut microbiome and its usefulness to provide microbiome-based biomarkers. A systematic search of the online bibliographic database PubMed from inception to August 2020 with screening in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted. One-hundred and forty-four papers were eligible for inclusion. There was a wide heterogeneity in microbiome analysis methods or experimental design. The IBD intestinal microbiome was generally characterized by reduced species richness and diversity, and lower temporal stability, while changes in the gut microbiome seemed to play a pivotal role in determining the onset of IBD. Multiple studies have identified certain microbial taxa that are enriched or depleted in IBD, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea. The two main features in this sense are the decrease in beneficial bacteria and the increase in pathogenic bacteria. Significant differences were also present between remission and relapse IBD status. Shifts in gut microbial community composition and abundance have proven to be valuable as diagnostic biomarkers. The gut microbiome plays a major role in IBD, yet studies need to go from casualty to causality. Longitudinal designs including newly diagnosed treatment-naïve patients are needed to provide insights into the role of microbes in the onset of intestinal inflammation. A better understanding of the human gut microbiome could provide innovative targets for diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and even cure of this relevant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Aldars-García
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (L.A.-G.); (M.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Chaparro
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (L.A.-G.); (M.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier P. Gisbert
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (L.A.-G.); (M.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-913-093-911; Fax: +34-915-204-013
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19
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Xue J, Allaband C, Zhou D, Poulsen O, Martino C, Jiang L, Tripathi A, Elijah E, Dorrestein PC, Knight R, Zarrinpar A, Haddad GG. Influence of Intermittent Hypoxia/Hypercapnia on Atherosclerosis, Gut Microbiome, and Metabolome. Front Physiol 2021; 12:663950. [PMID: 33897472 PMCID: PMC8060652 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.663950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a common sleep disorder characterized by intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia (IHC), increases atherosclerosis risk. However, the contribution of intermittent hypoxia (IH) or intermittent hypercapnia (IC) in promoting atherosclerosis remains unclear. Since gut microbiota and metabolites have been implicated in atherosclerosis, we examined whether IH or IC alters the microbiome and metabolome to induce a pro-atherosclerotic state. Apolipoprotein E deficient mice (ApoE-/- ), treated with IH or IC on a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks, were compared to Air controls. Atherosclerotic lesions were examined, gut microbiome was profiled using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and metabolome was assessed by untargeted mass spectrometry. In the aorta, IC-induced atherosclerosis was significantly greater than IH and Air controls (aorta, IC 11.1 ± 0.7% vs. IH 7.6 ± 0.4%, p < 0.05 vs. Air 8.1 ± 0.8%, p < 0.05). In the pulmonary artery (PA), however, IH, IC, and Air were significantly different from each other in atherosclerotic formation with the largest lesion observed under IH (PA, IH 40.9 ± 2.0% vs. IC 20.1 ± 2.6% vs. Air 12.2 ± 1.5%, p < 0.05). The most differentially abundant microbial families (p < 0.001) were Peptostreptococcaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae. The most differentially abundant metabolites (p < 0.001) were tauro-β-muricholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, and lysophosphoethanolamine (18:0). We conclude that IH and IC (a) modulate atherosclerosis progression differently in distinct vascular beds with IC, unlike IH, facilitating atherosclerosis in both aorta and PA and (b) promote an atherosclerotic luminal gut environment that is more evident in IH than IC. We speculate that the resulting changes in the gut metabolome and microbiome interact differently with distinct vascular beds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xue
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Celeste Allaband
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Dan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Orit Poulsen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Cameron Martino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Lingjing Jiang
- Division of Biostatistics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Anupriya Tripathi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Emmanuel Elijah
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Pieter C. Dorrestein
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Collaborative Mass Spectrometry Innovation Center, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Amir Zarrinpar
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Division of Gastroenterology, VA San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Institute of Diabetes and Metabolic Health, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Gabriel G. Haddad
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA, United States
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20
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The Influence of Probiotics on the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes Ratio in the Treatment of Obesity and Inflammatory Bowel disease. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8111715. [PMID: 33139627 PMCID: PMC7692443 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 722] [Impact Index Per Article: 180.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The two most important bacterial phyla in the gastrointestinal tract, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, have gained much attention in recent years. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio is widely accepted to have an important influence in maintaining normal intestinal homeostasis. Increased or decreased F/B ratio is regarded as dysbiosis, whereby the former is usually observed with obesity, and the latter with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Probiotics as live microorganisms can confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts. There is considerable evidence of their nutritional and immunosuppressive properties including reports that elucidate the association of probiotics with the F/B ratio, obesity, and IBD. Orally administered probiotics can contribute to the restoration of dysbiotic microbiota and to the prevention of obesity or IBD. However, as the effects of different probiotics on the F/B ratio differ, selecting the appropriate species or mixture is crucial. The most commonly tested probiotics for modifying the F/B ratio and treating obesity and IBD are from the genus Lactobacillus. In this paper, we review the effects of probiotics on the F/B ratio that lead to weight loss or immunosuppression.
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Zhang T, Kayani MUR, Hong L, Zhang C, Zhong J, Wang Z, Chen L. Dynamics of the Salivary Microbiome During Different Phases of Crohn's Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:544704. [PMID: 33123492 PMCID: PMC7574453 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.544704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease is a chronic disorder that typically affects the gastrointestinal tract. The increased incidence in the recent years, especially in Asian countries, prompts for performing studies and gain newer insights into the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease. Among other causative factors, gut microbiome and its cross-talk with the salivary microbiome is a known factor that has a plausible role in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. The gut microbiome has been extensively studied, however, the salivary microbiome and its dynamics during different phases of this disease remain understudied. In this study, we obtained saliva samples from the patients during active and remission phases of the disease and compared them with control samples and highlighted the differences in taxonomic as well as predicted functional pathways among them. Our results indicated that the α and β diversities were significantly lower during the active phase in contrast with remission phase and healthy samples. In general, Firmicutes were most abundant among the three sample groups, followed by Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. Genus level distribution highlighted Streptococcus, Neisseria, Prevotella, Haemophilus, and Veillonella as the five most abundant taxa. Differential abundance analysis of the three sample groups identified significant enrichment of 30 bacterial taxa in the active phase that included g_Prevotella, f_Prevotellaceae, and p_Bacteroidetes. Furthermore, remission phase and control also exhibited significant enrichment of 24 and 22 bacterial taxa, respectively. Eleven differentially abundant pathways were also identified, four were significantly enriched in healthy controls whereas other seven were significantly enriched in active phase of the disease. Several important pathways, such as ribosome biogenesis and Energy metabolism were depleted in the active phase. Our study has highlighted several taxa and functional categories that could be implicated with the onset of Crohn's disease and thus have the potential to serve as biomarkers of the active disease. However, these findings require further validation through functional studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Masood Ur Rehman Kayani
- Center for Microbiota and Immunological Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwen Hong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengting Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Center for Microbiota and Immunological Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Jia YQ, Yuan ZW, Zhang XS, Dong JQ, Liu XN, Peng XT, Yao WL, Ji P, Wei YM, Hua YL. Total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides L. ameliorated murine colitis by regulating bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 255:112775. [PMID: 32205259 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sophora alopecuroides L. is one of the most commonly used plants in traditional medicine for the management conditions including inflammatory and gastrointestinal disease. However, the therapeutic mechanism of Sophora alopecuroides L.particularly in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the treatment effects of total alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides L. in ulcerative colitis (UC) mice model and explore the therapeutic mechanism of KDZ on UC based on bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota. MATERIALS AND METHODS Colitis were induced in BALB/c mice by administering 3.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for 7 days. The mice were then given KDZ (300, 150 and 75 mg/kg) and the positive drug sulfasalazine (SASP, 450 mg/kg) via oral administration for 7 days. The levels of 23 bile acids in the liver, bile, serum, cecum content and colon were determined through ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The cecum microbiota was characterized through high-throughput Illumina MiSeq sequencing. RESULTS KDZ treatment significantly decreased the disease activity index (DAI) scores and ameliorated colonic injury in DSS-treated mice. The expression of IL-1β and TGF-β1 were suppressed, yet, IL-10 was up-regulated by KDZ and SASP treatment compared with those in the model group. Meanwhile, the serum contents of total bile acid and total cholesterol in the DSS group increased significantly compared with those in the control group, but reversed by SASP and KDZ. The relative abundance of Firmicutes increased after KDZ was administration, whereas the abundance of Bacteroidetes decreased. αMCA, βMCA, ωMCA and CA in the SASP and KDZ groups did not differ from those in the control group, whereas these parameters significantly increased in the DSS group. CONCLUSIONS KDZ had a protective effect on DSS-induced colitis by mitigating colonic injury, preventing gut microbiota dysbiosis and regulating bile acid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qian Jia
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
| | - Zi-Wen Yuan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Song Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
| | - Jia-Qi Dong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
| | - Xue-Nan Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Ting Peng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
| | - Wan-Ling Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
| | - Peng Ji
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
| | - Yan-Ming Wei
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
| | - Yong-Li Hua
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
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Tang LL, Feng WZ, Cheng JJ, Gong YN. Clinical remission of ulcerative colitis after different modes of faecal microbiota transplantation: a meta-analysis. Int J Colorectal Dis 2020; 35:1025-1034. [PMID: 32388604 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-020-03599-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, recurrent and destructive disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a therapeutic measure in which faecal microbiota from healthy people is transplanted into patients. AIM To systematically evaluate the safety and effectiveness of treating UC with different modes of FMT. METHODS Seven databases were searched by two independent researchers and studies related to randomized controlled trials were included in the analysis. RESULTS Seven studies on UC involving 431 patients were included in the analysis. The results showed that FMT had better efficacy than placebo (OR = 2.29, 95% CI 1.48-3.53, P = 0.0002). Subgroup analyses of influencing factors showed that frozen faeces from multiple donors delivered via the lower gastrointestinal tract had a better curative effect than placebo (OR = 2.76, 95% CI 1.59-4.79, P = 0.0003; OR = 2.93, 95% CI 1.67-5.71, P = 0.0002; and OR = 2.70, 95% CI 1.67-4.37, P < 0.0001); the difference in efficacy between mixed faeces from a single donor transplanted through the upper gastrointestinal tract and placebo was not significant(P = 0.05, P = 0.09 and P = 0.98). The analysis of side effects showed no significant difference between FMT and placebo (P = 0.43). CONCLUSIONS It may be safe and effective to transplant frozen faeces from multiple donors through the lower gastrointestinal tract to treat UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Tang
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen-Zhe Feng
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jia-Jun Cheng
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan-Ni Gong
- Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China
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Lopez-Siles M, Aldeguer X, Sabat-Mir M, Serra-Pagès M, Duncan SH, Flint HJ, Garcia-Gil LJ, Martinez-Medina M. Evaluation of bacterial biomarkers to aid in challenging inflammatory bowel diseases diagnostics and subtype classification. World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol 2020; 11:64-77. [PMID: 32435523 PMCID: PMC7226914 DOI: 10.4291/wjgp.v11.i3.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The challenges for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnostics are to discriminate it from gut conditions with similar symptoms such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), to distinguish IBD subtypes, to predict disease progression, and to establish the risk to develop colorectal cancer (CRC). Alterations in gut microbiota have been proposed as a source of information to assist in IBD diagnostics. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F. prausnitzii), its phylogroups, and Escherichia coli (E. coli) have been reported as potential biomarkers, but their performance in challenging IBD diagnostic situations remains elusive. We hypothesize that bacterial biomarkers based in these species may help to discriminate these conditions of complex diagnostics.
AIM To evaluate the usefulness of indices calculated from the quantification of these species as biomarkers to aid in IBD diagnostics.
METHODS A retrospective study of 131 subjects (31 controls (H); 45 Crohn’s disease (CD), 25 ulcerative colitis (UC), 10 IBS, and 20 CRC patients) was performed to assess the usefulness of bacterial biomarkers in biopsies. Further, the performance of biomarkers in faeces was studied in 29 stool samples (19 CD, 10 UC). Relative abundances of total F. prausnitzii (FP), its phylogroups (PHGI and PHGII), and E. coli (E) quantification were determined by qPCR. Loads were combined to calculate the FP-E index, the PHGI–E index and the PHGII-E index. Biomarkers accuracy to discriminate among conditions was measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).
RESULTS In biopsies, FP-E index was good for discriminating IBS from CD (AUC = 0.752) while PHGII-E index was suitable for discriminating IBS from UC (AUC = 0.632). The FP-E index would be the choice to discriminate IBD from CRC, especially from all UC subtypes (AUC ≥ 0.875), regardless of the activity status of the patient. Discrimination between UC patients that had the longest disease duration and those with CRC featured slightly lower AUC values. Concerning differentiation in IBD with shared location, PHGI-E index can establish progression from proctitis and left-sided colitis to ulcerative pancolitis (AUC ≥ 0.800). PHG I-E index analysis in tissue would be the choice to discriminate within IBD subtypes of shared location (AUC ≥ 0.712), while in non-invasive faecal samples FP or PHGI could be good indicators (AUC ≥ 0.833).
CONCLUSION F. prausnitzii phylogroups combined with E. coli offer potential to discriminate between IBD and CRC patients and can assist in IBD subtypes classification, which may help in solving IBD diagnostics challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Lopez-Siles
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Biology Department, Universitat de Girona, Girona 17003, Spain
| | - Xavier Aldeguer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona 17007, Spain
| | - Miriam Sabat-Mir
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Santa Caterina, Salt 17190, Spain
| | | | - Sylvia H Duncan
- Microbiology Group, Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Harry J Flint
- Microbiology Group, Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - L Jesús Garcia-Gil
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Biology Department, Universitat de Girona, Girona 17003, Spain
| | - Margarita Martinez-Medina
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Biology Department, Universitat de Girona, Girona 17003, Spain
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Guo XY, Liu XJ, Hao JY. Gut microbiota in ulcerative colitis: insights on pathogenesis and treatment. J Dig Dis 2020; 21:147-159. [PMID: 32040250 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gut microbiota constitute the largest reservoir of the human microbiome and are an abundant and stable ecosystem-based on its diversity, complexity, redundancy, and host interactions This ecosystem is indispensable for human development and health. The integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier depends on its interactions with gut microbiota. The commensal bacterial community is implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC). The dysbiosis of microbes is characterized by reduced biodiversity, abnormal composition of gut microbiota, altered spatial distribution, as well as interactions among microbiota, between different strains of microbiota, and with the host. The defects in microecology, with the related metabolic pathways and molecular mechanisms, play a critical role in the innate immunity of the intestinal mucosa in UC. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been used to treat many diseases related to gut microbiota, with the most promising outcome reported in antibiotic-associated diarrhea, followed by IBD. This review evaluated the results of various reports of FMT in UC. The efficacy of FMT remains highly controversial, and needs to be regularized by integrated management, standardization of procedures, and individualization of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yan Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Juan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Yu Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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26
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Attenuation of DSS induced colitis by Dictyophora indusiata polysaccharide (DIP) via modulation of gut microbiota and inflammatory related signaling pathways. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Zhang H, Hua R, Zhang B, Zhang X, Yang H, Zhou X. Serine Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis and Regulates the Gut Microbiota in Mice. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:3062. [PMID: 30619148 PMCID: PMC6295577 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Serine alleviates inflammatory responses and is beneficial for gut health; however, whether it exerts any effects on ulcerative colitis or regulates intestinal microbiota remains unknown. We investigated the effects of serine supplementation on colonic morphology, inflammation, and microbiota composition in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model in mice. Acute colitis was induced through the oral intake of 3.5% DSS in water for 7 days. Mice with acute colitis were divided into two groups; The DSS and Ser-treated groups were rectally administrated with PBS or 1% (w/v) serine (40 mg/kg body weight) for 7 days. The results showed that serine decreased the disease activity index, as well as myeloperoxidase, eosinophil peroxidase, and proinflammatory cytokine concentrations in colonic tissue, while serine improved colonic morphology and inhibited cell apoptosis in colitis mice. In addition, 16S rRNA phylogenetic sequencing revealed a shift in bacterial community composition, and changes in microbiota functional profiles following serine supplementation, although no significant difference in α-diversity analysis was observed. The effects of serine supplementation helped on the recovery of major perturbations to macrobiotic functions, such as amino acids metabolism; tissue replication and repair; and cell growth and death. Serine might have great potential for the renewal of colonic tissue in DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Rui Hua
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Bingxi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Hui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding and Epidemic Disease Research of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Xihong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
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28
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Sun MC, Zhang FC, Yin X, Cheng BJ, Zhao CH, Wang YL, Zhang ZZ, Hao HW, Zhang TH, Ye HQ. Lactobacillus reuteri F-9-35 Prevents DSS-Induced Colitis by Inhibiting Proinflammatory Gene Expression and Restoring the Gut Microbiota in Mice. J Food Sci 2018; 83:2645-2652. [PMID: 30216448 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics are considered to be a potential treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of this study was to compare the preventive effect of a space flight-induced mutant L. reuteri F-9-35 and its wild type on UC in vivo. Female mice were randomly assigned to five groups: one normal and four colitic. Mice from colitis groups were daily gavaged with 0.2 mL 12% (w/v) skim milk containing the mutant or wild type (1 × 1011 CFU/mL), skim milk alone or distilled water for the whole experiment period, starting 7 days before colitis induction. UC was induced by administrating mice with 3.5% (w/v) dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for 7 days, after which DSS was removed and maintained for 3 days as a recovery phase. The results showed that the mice fed with L. reuteri F-9-35 had less inflammatory phenotype according to macroscopic and histological analysis, reduced myeloperoxidase activity, and lower expression of proinflammatory genes (Tumor necrosis factor-α, cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-6) in colonic tissue compared with control. Furthermore, L. reuteri F-9-35 protected the mice from gut microbiota dysbiosis from DDS induced colitis. Neither wild type nor the milk alone had such beneficial effects. From above we conclude that L. reuteri F-9-35 has great potential in the prevention of UC as a dietary supplement. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Ulcerative colitis (UC) is the most common inflammatory bowel diseases and there is still a lack of safe and effective treatments. Consumption of L. reuteri F-9-35 may effective in preventing human UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Cheng Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Univ., Changchun, China.,School of Public Health, Jilin Medical Univ., Jilin City, China
| | - Fu-Cheng Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Univ., Changchun, China
| | - Xue Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Univ., Changchun, China
| | - Bi-Jun Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Univ., Changchun, China
| | - Chang-Hui Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Univ., Changchun, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin Univ., Changchun, China
| | - Zheng-Zhe Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Univ., Changchun, China
| | - Hong-Wei Hao
- Fullarton Bioengineering Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Tie-Hua Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Univ., Changchun, China
| | - Hai-Qing Ye
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Univ., Changchun, China
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Bamba S, Takahashi K, Imaeda H, Nishida A, Kawahara M, Inatomi O, Sugimoto M, Sasaki M, Andoh A. Effect of fermented vegetable beverage containing Pediococcus pentosaceus in patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis. Biomed Rep 2018; 9:74-80. [DOI: 10.3892/br.2018.1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Bamba
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta‑Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 520‑2192, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Takahashi
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta‑Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 520‑2192, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Imaeda
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta‑Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 520‑2192, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nishida
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta‑Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 520‑2192, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta‑Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 520‑2192, Japan
| | - Osamu Inatomi
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta‑Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 520‑2192, Japan
| | - Mitsushige Sugimoto
- Division of Endoscopy, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta‑Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 520‑2192, Japan
| | - Masaya Sasaki
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta‑Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 520‑2192, Japan
| | - Akira Andoh
- Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta‑Tsukinowa, Otsu, Shiga 520‑2192, Japan
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Tsuchiya Y, Loza E, Villa-Gomez G, Trujillo CC, Baez S, Asai T, Ikoma T, Endoh K, Nakamura K. Metagenomics of Microbial Communities in Gallbladder Bile from Patients with Gallbladder Cancer or Cholelithiasis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:961-967. [PMID: 29693356 PMCID: PMC6031792 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.4.961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella typhi and Helicobacter infections have been shown to increase risk of gallbladder cancer (GBC), but findings have been inconsistent. Other bacterial infections may also be associated with GBC. However, information on microbial pathogens in gallbladder bile of GBC patients is scarce. We aimed to investigate the microbial communities in gallbladder bile of patients with GBC and cholelithiasis (CL). Seven GBC patients and 30 CL patients were enrolled in this study. Genomic DNA was extracted from bile and the V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA was amplified. The sequencing results were compared with the 16S database, and the bacteria were identified by homology searches and phylogenetic analysis. DNA was detected in the bile of three GBC (42.9%; Bolivia, 1; Chile, 2) and four CL patients (13.3%; Bolivia, 1; Chile, 3). Of the 37 patients, 30 (81.1%) were negative and unable to analyze. Salmonella typhi and Helicobacter sp. were not detected in bile from any GBC patients. As the predominant species, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli, and Enetrobacter sp. were detected in bile from GBC patients. Those in bile from CL patients were Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., and Enerococcus gallinarum. Escherichia coli was detected in bile samples from both GBC and CL patients. Whether the bacteria detected in bile from GBC patients would associated with the development of GBC warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Tsuchiya
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
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31
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Gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Clin J Gastroenterol 2017; 11:1-10. [PMID: 29285689 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-017-0813-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 796] [Impact Index Per Article: 113.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorder of the intestine. Although its incidence is increasing globally, the precise etiology remains unclear and a cure for IBD has yet to be discovered. The most accepted hypothesis of IBD pathogenesis is that complex interactions between genetics, environmental factors, and the host immune system lead to aberrant immune responses and chronic intestinal inflammation. The human gut harbors a complex and abundant aggregation of microbes, collectively referred to as the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota has physiological functions associated with nutrition, the immune system, and defense of the host. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing technology have identified alteration of the composition and function of the gut microbiota, which is referred to as dysbiosis, in IBD. Clinical and experimental data suggest dysbiosis may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of IBD. This review is focused on the physiological function of the gut microbiota and the association between the gut microbiota and pathogenesis in IBD. In addition, we review the therapeutic options for manipulating the altered gut microbiota, such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation.
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Khajah MA. The potential role of fecal microbiota transplantation in the treatment of inflammatory Bowel disease. Scand J Gastroenterol 2017; 52:1172-1184. [PMID: 28685630 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2017.1347812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of an unknown etiology. Its pathogenesis involves an interplay of infectious, genetic, environmental, and immunological factors. The current therapeutic options have various limitations in terms of cost, side effect profile, and the development of drug resistance and dependence. Therefore, there is a need to develop future therapeutic options which are safe and effective to control the inflammatory process. This review focuses in a method for the administration of fecal matters (which contains a mixture of various commensals) from a healthy donor to the inflamed colon called fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) aiming to correct the underlying dysbiosis in the gut as one of the major driving force for the inflammatory process. IBD patients have reduced number of protective (e.g., clostridia and bacteroids) and increased number of pathogenic (e.g., adhesive invasive E. coli and mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis) commensals, and this method is aimed to shift these changes in the gut. Recent studies from animal models and clinical trials suggest promising effects of this method in treating patients with IBD, but more studies are urgently needed to confirm its efficacy and safety, since the etiology of this chronic inflammatory disease is not fully understood and caution should be taken when transplanting fecal matters between individuals which might transfer other infectious organisms and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitham Abbas Khajah
- a Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy , Kuwait University , Kuwait , Kuwait
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Kataoka K. The intestinal microbiota and its role in human health and disease. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2017; 63:27-37. [PMID: 27040049 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.63.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The role of the intestinal microbiota in human health is gaining more attention since clear changes in the composition of the intestinal bacteria or environment are seen in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, allergy, autoimmune disease, and some lifestyle-related illnesses. A healthy gut environment is regulated by the exquisite balance of intestinal microbiota, metabolites, and the host's immune system. Imbalance of these factors in genetically susceptible persons may promote a disease state. Manipulation of the intestinal microbiota with prebiotics, which can selectively stimulate growth of beneficial bacteria, might help to maintain a healthy intestinal environment or improve diseased one. In this review, analytical methods for identification of intestinal bacteria and an update on the correlation of the intestinal microbiota with human health and disease were discussed by introducing our recent studies to determine the prebiotic effects of a fiber-rich food in animal model and on healthy people and patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Kataoka
- Department of Microbiology and Genetic Analysis, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School
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Scaldaferri F, Pecere S, Petito V, Zambrano D, Fiore L, Lopetuso LR, Schiavoni E, Bruno G, Gerardi V, Laterza L, Pizzoferrato M, Ianiro G, Stojanovic J, Poscia A, Papa A, Paroni Sterbini F, Sanguinetti M, Masucci L, Cammarota G, Gasbarrini A. Efficacy and Mechanisms of Action of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Ulcerative Colitis: Pitfalls and Promises From a First Meta-Analysis. Transplant Proc 2017; 48:402-7. [PMID: 27109966 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the results of a chronic inflammatory process deriving from disequilibrium between self-microbiota composition and immune response. METHODS New evidence, coming from Clostridium difficile infection, clearly showed that active and powerful modulation of microbiota composition by fecal microbiota composition (FMT) is safe, easy to perform, and efficacious, opening new frontiers in gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. FMT has been proposed also for IBD as well as other non-gastrointestinal conditions related to intestinal microbiota dysfunctions, with good preliminary data. RESULTS In this setting, ulcerative colitis (UC) represents one of the most robust potential indications for FMT after C difficile colitis. CONCLUSIONS In the present review, we focus on FMT and its application on ulcerative colitis, clarifying mechanisms of actions and efficacy data, trough completion of a meta-analysis on available randomized, controlled trial data in UC. Because microbiota is so crucially involved in this topic, a short review of microbial alterations in UC will also be performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Scaldaferri
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy.
| | - S Pecere
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - V Petito
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - D Zambrano
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - L Fiore
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - L R Lopetuso
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - E Schiavoni
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - G Bruno
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - V Gerardi
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - L Laterza
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - M Pizzoferrato
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - G Ianiro
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - J Stojanovic
- Institute of Hygiene, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - A Poscia
- Institute of Hygiene, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - A Papa
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - F Paroni Sterbini
- Institute of Microbiology, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - M Sanguinetti
- Institute of Microbiology, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - L Masucci
- Institute of Microbiology, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - G Cammarota
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - A Gasbarrini
- Institute of Special Pathology, Gastroenterology Division, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
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Jung JW, Choi JC, Shin JW, Kim JY, Park IW, Choi BW, Park HW, Cho SH, Kim K, Kang HR. Lung Microbiome Analysis in Steroid-Naїve Asthma Patients by Using Whole Sputum. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2016; 79:165-78. [PMID: 27433177 PMCID: PMC4943901 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2016.79.3.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although recent metagenomic approaches have characterized the distinguished microbial compositions in airways of asthmatics, these results did not reach a consensus due to the small sample size, non-standardization of specimens and medication status. We conducted a metagenomics approach by using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis of the induced whole sputum representing both the cellular and fluid phases in a relative large number of steroid naïve asthmatics. Methods Induced whole sputum samples obtained from 36 healthy subjects and 89 steroid-naїve asthma patients were analyzed through T-RFLP analysis. Results In contrast to previous reports about microbiota in the asthmatic airways, the diversity of microbial composition was not significantly different between the controls and asthma patients (p=0.937). In an analysis of similarities, the global R-value showed a statistically significant difference but a very low separation (0.148, p=0.002). The dissimilarity in the bacterial communities between groups was 28.74%, and operational taxonomic units (OTUs) contributing to this difference were as follows: OTU 789 (Lachnospiraceae), 517 (Comamonadaceae, Acetobacteraceae , and Chloroplast), 633 (Prevotella), 645 (Actinobacteria and Propionibacterium acnes), 607 (Lactobacillus buchneri, Lactobacillus otakiensis, Lactobacillus sunkii, and Rhodobacteraceae), and 661 (Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Leptotrichiaceae), and they were significantly more prevalent in the sputum of asthma patients than in the sputum of the controls. Conclusion Before starting anti-asthmatic treatment, the microbiota in the whole sputum of patients with asthma showed a marginal difference from the microbiota in the whole sputum of the controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Woo Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Chol Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Wook Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Yeol Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung Whui Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heung-Woo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kijeong Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye-Ryun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.; Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
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Ross CL, Spinler JK, Savidge TC. Structural and functional changes within the gut microbiota and susceptibility to Clostridium difficile infection. Anaerobe 2016; 41:37-43. [PMID: 27180006 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alteration of the gut microbial community structure and function through antibiotic use increases susceptibility to colonization by Clostridium difficile and other enteric pathogens. However, the mechanisms that mediate colonization resistance remain elusive. As the leading definable cause of infectious diarrhea, toxigenic C. difficile represents a burden for patients and health care systems, underscoring the need for better diagnostics and treatment strategies. Next-generation sequence data has increased our understanding of how the gut microbiota is influenced by many factors including diet, disease, aging and drugs. However, a microbial-based biomarker differentiating C. difficile infection from antibiotic-associated diarrhea has not been identified. Metabolomics profiling, which is highly responsive to changes in physiological conditions, have shown promise in differentiating subtle disease phenotypes that exhibit a nearly identical microbiome community structure, suggesting metabolite-based biomarkers may be an ideal diagnostic for identifying patients with CDI. This review focuses on the current understanding of structural and functional changes to the gut microbiota during C. difficile infection obtained from studies assessing the microbiome and metabolome of samples from patients and murine models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caná L Ross
- Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Ave., Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer K Spinler
- Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Ave., Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tor C Savidge
- Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Hospital, 1102 Bates Ave., Houston, TX, USA; Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA.
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Munyaka PM, Rabbi MF, Khafipour E, Ghia JE. Acute dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis promotes gut microbial dysbiosis in mice. J Basic Microbiol 2016; 56:986-98. [PMID: 27112251 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201500726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The most widely used and characterized experimental model of ulcerative colitis (UC) is the epithelial erosion, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, which is developed by administration of DSS in drinking water. We investigated fecal and colonic mucosa microbial composition and functional changes in mice treated with DSS. C57Bl/6 mice received 5% DSS in drinking water for 5 days. Inflammation was evaluated clinically and by analysis of colonic tissue cytokine levels and C-reactive protein (CRP) in the serum. Colonic mucosa and fecal samples were used for DNA extraction and the V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA gene was subjected to MiSeq Illumina sequencing. Alpha- and beta-diversities, and compositional differences at phylum and genus levels were determined, and bacterial functional pathways were predicted. DSS increased disease severity, serum CRP and cytokines IL-1β and IL-6, but decreased bacterial species richness, and shifted bacterial community composition. Bacteroides, Turicibacter, Escherichia, Clostridium, Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridiaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Bacteroidales, among other taxa were associated with DSS treatment in fecal and colonic samples. Also, DSS altered microbial functional pathways in both colonic mucosa and fecal samples. CONCLUSIONS The development of colitis in DSS model was accompanied with reduced microbial diversity and dysbiosis of gut microbiota at lower taxonomical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peris Mumbi Munyaka
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.,Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | | | - Ehsan Khafipour
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. .,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| | - Jean-Eric Ghia
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. .,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical & Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Wen HZ, Hao WW, Liu YT, Shao LJ. Fecal microbiota transplantation for inflammatory bowel disease. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:1545-1551. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i10.1545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a common digestive disease, has attracted great interest in recent years, mainly because of the high prevalence and recurrence of IBD. IBD is difficult to treat, and standard therapy does not always induce remission. FMT is an alternative approach that can induce remission in some patients with active IBD. However, many unanswered questions on the clinical application of FMT in IBD remain. This review discusses the efficacy, adverse events, and optional route of administration of FMT in IBD.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease is believed to involve a shift in the microbiota toward more proinflammatory species. Crohn's disease (CD) usually manifests as one of three phenotypes, involving inflammation of the terminal ileum, the colon, or both. However, what determines the particular phenotype and the level of disease activity remains unknown. In this study, we aim to characterize the intestinal microbiota associated with different CD phenotypes. METHODS DNA was extracted from biopsies of 31 patients with ileal, ileocolic, or colon-restricted CD, and also from 5 non-inflammatory bowel disease control subjects, and analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing. Data were processed using the Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology pipeline and analyzed using linear discriminant analysis with effect size estimation and PICRUSt algorithms. Two additional recently published cohorts were also analyzed in this study. RESULTS Highly significant separation was observed between bacterial composition of ileal CD compared with CD with colonic involvement (genus level Bray-Curtis P = 0.005, R = 20%). This separation was unaffected by the biopsy's location or its inflammatory state, or by the patients' condition (remission or relapse). Faecalibacterium was strongly reduced in ileal CD compared with CD with colonic involvement, whereas Enterobacteriaceae were more abundant in the former. Fusobacterium relative abundance was strongly correlated with disease activity in patients with ileal-involving, but not in colon-involving, CD. CONCLUSIONS Ileal and colon-involving CD sustain distinct microbiotas, suggesting that different mechanisms underlie the two major manifestations of CD. The potential contribution of Fusobacterium to inflammation in ileal CD should be further investigated.
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40
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Intestinal microbiota and ulcerative colitis. J Infect Chemother 2015; 21:761-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Yasueda A, Mizushima T, Nezu R, Sumi R, Tanaka M, Nishimura J, Kai Y, Hirota M, Osawa H, Nakajima K, Mori M, Ito T. The effect of Clostridium butyricum MIYAIRI on the prevention of pouchitis and alteration of the microbiota profile in patients with ulcerative colitis. Surg Today 2015; 46:939-49. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-015-1261-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Reshef L, Kovacs A, Ofer A, Yahav L, Maharshak N, Keren N, Konikoff FM, Tulchinsky H, Gophna U, Dotan I. Pouch Inflammation Is Associated With a Decrease in Specific Bacterial Taxa. Gastroenterology 2015; 149:718-27. [PMID: 26026389 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Pouchitis is a common long-term complication in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) undergoing proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. Because the inflammation occurs in a previously normal small bowel, studies of this process might provide information about the development of Crohn's disease. Little is known about the intestinal microbiome of patients with pouchitis. We investigated whether specific bacterial populations correlate with the pouch disease phenotype and inflammatory activity. METHODS We performed a prospective study of patients with UC who underwent pouch surgery (N = 131) from 1981 through 2012 and were followed at Tel Aviv Medical Center. Patients were assigned to groups based on their degree and type of pouch inflammation. Patients with familial adenomatous polyposis after pouch surgery (n = 9), individuals with intact colons undergoing surveillance colonoscopy (n = 10), and patients with UC who did not undergo surgery (n = 9) served as controls. We collected demographic and disease activity data (based on the Pouchitis Disease Activity Index) and measured levels of C-reactive protein. Fecal samples were collected, levels of calprotectin were measured, and microbiota were analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon pyrosequencing. RESULTS Increased proportions of the Fusobacteriaceae family correlated with increased disease activity and levels of C-reactive protein in patients with UC who underwent pouch surgery. In contrast, proportions of Faecalibacterium were reduced in patients with pouchitis vs controls; there was a negative correlation between proportion of Faecalibacterium and level of C-reactive protein. There was an association between antibiotic treatment, but not biologic or immunomodulatory therapy, with reduced proportions of 11 genera and with increased proportions of Enterococcus and Enterobacteriaceae. CONCLUSIONS Reductions in protective bacteria and increases in inflammatory bacteria are associated with pouch inflammation in patients with UC who underwent pouch surgery. The finding that antibiotics exacerbate dysbiosis indicates that these drugs might not provide long-term benefit for patients with pouchitis. Additional studies of this form of dysbiosis could provide information about the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Reshef
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Kovacs
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; IBD Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amos Ofer
- IBD Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Yahav
- IBD Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nitsan Maharshak
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; IBD Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nirit Keren
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Fred M Konikoff
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
| | - Hagit Tulchinsky
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Colorectal Unit, Department of Surgery, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Uri Gophna
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Iris Dotan
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; IBD Center, Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Yoshimatsu Y, Yamada A, Furukawa R, Sono K, Osamura A, Nakamura K, Aoki H, Tsuda Y, Hosoe N, Takada N, Suzuki Y. Effectiveness of probiotic therapy for the prevention of relapse in patients with inactive ulcerative colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:5985-5994. [PMID: 26019464 PMCID: PMC4438034 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i19.5985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of probiotic therapy for suppressing relapse in patients with inactive ulcerative colitis (UC).
METHODS: Bio-Three tablets, each containing 2 mg of lactomin (Streptococcus faecalis T-110), 10 mg of Clostridium butyricum TO-A, and 10 mg of Bacillus mesentericus TO-A, were used as probiotic therapy. Sixty outpatients with UC in remission were randomly assigned to receive 9 Bio-Three tablets/day (Bio-Three group) or 9 placebo tablets/day (placebo group) for 12 mo in addition to their ongoing medications. Clinical symptoms were evaluated monthly or on the exacerbation of symptoms or need for additional medication. Fecal samples were collected to analyze bacterial DNA at baseline and 3-mo intervals. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and cluster analyses were done to examine bacterial components of the fecal microflora.
RESULTS: Forty-six patients, 23 in each group, completed the study, and 14 were excluded. The relapse rates in the Bio-Three and placebo groups were respectively 0.0% vs 17.4% at 3 mo (P = 0.036), 8.7% vs 26.1% at 6 mo (P = 0.119), and 21.7% vs 34.8% (P = 0.326) at 9 mo. At 12 mo, the remission rate was 69.5% in the Bio-Three group and 56.6% in the placebo group (P = 0.248). On cluster analysis of fecal flora, 7 patients belonged to cluster I, 32 to cluster II, and 7 to cluster III.
CONCLUSION: Probiotics may be effective for maintaining clinical remission in patients with quiescent UC, especially those who belong to cluster I on fecal bacterial analysis.
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Peterson CT, Sharma V, Elmén L, Peterson SN. Immune homeostasis, dysbiosis and therapeutic modulation of the gut microbiota. Clin Exp Immunol 2015; 179:363-77. [PMID: 25345825 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The distal gut harbours ∼10(13) bacteria, representing the most densely populated ecosystem known. The functional diversity expressed by these communities is enormous and relatively unexplored. The past decade of research has unveiled the profound influence that the resident microbial populations bestow to host immunity and metabolism. The evolution of these communities from birth generates a highly adapted and highly personalized microbiota that is stable in healthy individuals. Immune homeostasis is achieved and maintained due in part to the extensive interplay between the gut microbiota and host mucosal immune system. Imbalances of gut microbiota may lead to a number of pathologies such as obesity, type I and type II diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colorectal cancer (CRC) and inflammaging/immunosenscence in the elderly. In-depth understanding of the underlying mechanisms that control homeostasis and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota represents an important step in our ability to reliably modulate the gut microbiota with positive clinical outcomes. The potential of microbiome-based therapeutics to treat epidemic human disease is of great interest. New therapeutic paradigms, including second-generation personalized probiotics, prebiotics, narrow spectrum antibiotic treatment and faecal microbiome transplantation, may provide safer and natural alternatives to traditional clinical interventions for chronic diseases. This review discusses host-microbiota homeostasis, consequences of its perturbation and the associated challenges in therapeutic developments that lie ahead.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T Peterson
- The George Washington University, The Institute for Biomedical Sciences, The School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC
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García-Mazcorro JF, Garza-González E, Marroquín-Cardona AG, Tamayo JL. [Characterization, influence and manipulation of the gastrointestinal microbiota in health and disease]. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2015; 38:445-66. [PMID: 25769877 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract harbors trillions of microorganisms that are indispensable for health. The gastrointestinal microbiota can be studied using culture and molecular methods. The applications of massive sequencing are constantly increasing, due to their high yield, increasingly accessible costs, and the availability of free software for data analysis. The present article provides a detailed review of a large number of studies on the gastrointestinal microbiota and its influence on human health; particular emphasis is placed on the evidence suggesting a relationship between the gastrointestinal microbial ecosystem and diverse physiological and immune/inflammatory processes. Discussion of the articles analyzed combines a medical approach and current concepts of microbial molecular ecology. The present revision aims to be useful to those interested in the gastrointestinal microbiota and its possible alteration to maintain, re-establish and enhance health in the human host.
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Affiliation(s)
- José F García-Mazcorro
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, Nuevo León, México; Grupo de investigación Ecobiología Médica, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, Nuevo León, México.
| | - Elvira Garza-González
- Servicio de Gastroenterología y Departamento de Patología Clínica, Hospital Universitario «Dr. José Eleuterio González», Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Alicia G Marroquín-Cardona
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, Nuevo León, México; Grupo de investigación Ecobiología Médica, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, Nuevo León, México; Departamento de Fisiología, Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, General Escobedo, Nuevo León, México
| | - José L Tamayo
- Centro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Hospital Civil de Culiacán, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México
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Cammarota G, Ianiro G, Cianci R, Bibbò S, Gasbarrini A, Currò D. The involvement of gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis: potential for therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 149:191-212. [PMID: 25561343 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past recent years, a great number of studies have been directed toward the evaluation of the human host-gut microbiota interaction, with the goal to progress the understanding of the etiology of several complex diseases. Alterations in the intestinal microbiota associated with inflammatory bowel disease are well supported by literature data and have been widely accepted by the research community. The concomitant implementation of high-throughput sequencing techniques to analyze and characterize the composition of the intestinal microbiota has reinforced the view that inflammatory bowel disease results from altered interactions between gut microbes and the mucosal immune system and has raised the possibility that some form of modulation of the intestinal microbiota may constitute a potential therapeutic basis for the disease. The aim of this review is to describe the changes of gut microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease, focusing the attention on its involvement in the pathogenesis of the disease, and to review and discuss the therapeutic potential to modify the intestinal microbial population with antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Cammarota
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Ianiro
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Cianci
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Bibbò
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Currò
- Institute of Pharmacology, Catholic University, School of Medicine and Surgery, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
: The human intestinal microbiome plays a critical role in human health and disease, including the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Numerous studies have identified altered bacterial diversity and abundance at varying taxonomic levels through biopsies and fecal samples of patients with IBD and diseased model animals. However, inconsistent observations regarding the microbial compositions of such patients have hindered the efforts in assessing the etiological role of specific bacterial species in the pathophysiology of IBD. These observations highlight the importance of minimizing the confounding factors associated with IBD and the need for a standardized methodology to analyze well-defined microbial sampling sources in early IBD diagnosis. Furthermore, establishing the linkage between microbiota compositions with their function within the host system can provide new insights on the pathogenesis of IBD. Such research has been greatly facilitated by technological advances that include functional metagenomics coupled with proteomic and metabolomic profiling. This review provides updates on the composition of the microbiome in IBD and emphasizes microbiota dysbiosis-involved mechanisms. We highlight functional roles of specific bacterial groups in the development and management of IBD. Functional analyses of the microbiome may be the key to understanding the role of microbiota in the development and chronicity of IBD and reveal new strategies for therapeutic intervention.
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Tsuchida S, Ushida K. Characterization of intestinal bacterial communities of western lowland gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla), central chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes troglodytes), and a forest elephant ( Loxodonta africana cyclotis) living in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park in Gabon. TROPICS 2015. [DOI: 10.3759/tropics.23.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Tsuchida
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
| | - Kazunari Ushida
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University
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Wang ZK, Yang YS, Chen Y, Yuan J, Sun G, Peng LH. Intestinal microbiota pathogenesis and fecal microbiota transplantation for inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:14805-14820. [PMID: 25356041 PMCID: PMC4209544 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i40.14805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota plays an important role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The pathogenesis of IBD involves inappropriate ongoing activation of the mucosal immune system driven by abnormal intestinal microbiota in genetically predisposed individuals. However, there are still no definitive microbial pathogens linked to the onset of IBD. The composition and function of the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites are indeed disturbed in IBD patients. The special alterations of gut microbiota associated with IBD remain to be evaluated. The microbial interactions and host-microbe immune interactions are still not clarified. Limitations of present probiotic products in IBD are mainly due to modest clinical efficacy, few available strains and no standardized administration. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) may restore intestinal microbial homeostasis, and preliminary data have shown the clinical efficacy of FMT on refractory IBD or IBD combined with Clostridium difficile infection. Additionally, synthetic microbiota transplantation with the defined composition of fecal microbiota is also a promising therapeutic approach for IBD. However, FMT-related barriers, including the mechanism of restoring gut microbiota, standardized donor screening, fecal material preparation and administration, and long-term safety should be resolved. The role of intestinal microbiota and FMT in IBD should be further investigated by metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analyses combined with germ-free/human flora-associated animals and chemostat gut models.
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Uchiyama-Tanaka Y. A 10-Patient Case Study on the Influence of Two Different Probiotics on Individual Intestinal Microbiota. J Altern Complement Med 2014; 20:800-3. [DOI: 10.1089/acm.2013.0245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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