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Chen L, Ai F, Wu X, Yu W, Jin X, Ma J, Xiang B, Shen S, Li X. Analysis of neutrophil extracellular trap-related genes in Crohn's disease based on bioinformatics. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e70013. [PMID: 39199011 PMCID: PMC11358036 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.70013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) presents with diverse clinical phenotypes due to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Its global incidence is on the rise. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are networks released by neutrophils that capture microbicidal proteins and oxidases targeting pathogens. Research has shown that NETs are implicated in the pathogenesis of several immune-mediated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and inflammatory bowel disease. The goal of this study was to identify a panel of NET-related genes to construct a diagnostic and therapeutic model for CD. Through analysis of the GEO database, we identified 1950 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with CD. Gene enrichment and immune cell infiltration analyses indicate that neutrophil infiltrates and chemokine-related pathways are predominantly involved in CD, with other immune cells such as CD4 and M1 macrophages also playing a role in disease progression. Utilizing weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, we identified six hub genes (SPP1, SOCS3, TIMP1, IRF1, CXCL2 and CD274). To validate the accuracy of our model, we performed external validation with statistical differences(p < 0.05). Additionally, immunohistochemical experiments demonstrated higher protein expression of the hub genes in colonic tissues from CD patients compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.05). In summary, we identified six effective hub genes associated with NETs as potential diagnostic markers for CD. These markers not only offer targets for future research but also hold promise for the development of novel therapeutic interventions for CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Chen
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and CancerThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Feiyan Ai
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and CancerThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xing Wu
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and CancerThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Wentao Yu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunanChina
| | - Xintong Jin
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and CancerThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jian Ma
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and CancerThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Bo Xiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and CancerThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Shourong Shen
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and CancerThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiayu Li
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and CancerThe Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaChina
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Cheng Z, Zhou Y, Xiong X, Li L, Chen Z, Wu F, Dong R, Liu Q, Zhao Y, Jiang S, Yu Q, Chen G. Traditional herbal pair Portulacae Herba and Granati Pericarpium alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice through IL-6/STAT3/SOCS3 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 126:155283. [PMID: 38422652 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Portulacae Herba and Granati Pericarpium pair (PGP) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine treatment for colitis, clinically demonstrating a relatively favorable effect on relieving diarrhea and abnormal stools. However, the underlying mechanism remain uncertain. PURPOSE The present study intends to evaluate the efficacy of PGP in treating colitis in mice and investigate its underlying mechanism. METHODS The protective effect of PGP against colitis was determined by monitoring body weight, colon length, colon weight, and survival rate in mice. Colonic inflammation was assessed by serum cytokine levels, colonic H&E staining, and local neutrophil infiltration. The reversal of intestinal epithelial barrier damage by PGP was subsequently analyzed with Western blot and histological staining. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis and molecular docking were performed to identify potential pathways recruited by PGP. Following the hints of the transcriptomic results, the role of PGP through the IL-6/STAT3/SOCS3 pathway in DSS-induced colitis mice was verified by Western blot. RESULTS DSS-induced colitis in mice was significantly curbed by PGP treatment. PGP treatment significantly mitigated DSS-induced colitis in mice, as evidenced by improvements in body weight, DAI severity, survival rate, and inflammatory cytokines levels in serum and colon. Moreover, PGP treatment up-regulated the level of Slc26a3, thereby increasing the expressions of the tight junction/adherens junction proteins ZO-1, occludin and E-cadherin in the colon. RNA-seq analysis revealed that PGP inhibits the IL-6/STAT3/SOCS3 pathway at the transcriptional level. Molecular docking indicated that the major components of PGP could bind tightly to the proteins of IL-6 and SOCS3. Meanwhile, the result of Western blot revealed that the IL-6/STAT3/SOCS3 pathway was inhibited at the protein level after PGP administration. CONCLUSION PGP could alleviate colonic inflammation and reverse damage to the intestinal epithelial barrier in DSS-induced colitis mice. The underlying mechanism involves the inhibition of the IL-6/STAT3/SOCS3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Cheng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xinyu Xiong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lingli Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan 430033, China
| | - Zekai Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ruolan Dong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shujun Jiang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Guang Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
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Poenariu IS, Boldeanu L, Ungureanu BS, Caragea DC, Cristea OM, Pădureanu V, Siloși I, Ungureanu AM, Statie RC, Ciobanu AE, Gheonea DI, Osiac E, Boldeanu MV. Interrelation of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha (HIF-1 α) and the Ratio between the Mean Corpuscular Volume/Lymphocytes (MCVL) and the Cumulative Inflammatory Index (IIC) in Ulcerative Colitis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3137. [PMID: 38137357 PMCID: PMC10741094 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We intended to investigate the presence and medical application of serum hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) along with the already known systemic inflammatory markers and the new one's inflammatory indices, the proportion of mean corpuscular volume and lymphocytes (MCVL) and the cumulative inflammatory index (IIC), for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). We sought to establish correlations that may be present between the serum levels of HIF-1α and these inflammatory indices, as well as their relationship with disease activity and the extent of UC, which can provide us with a more precise understanding of the evolution, prognosis, and future well-being of patients. Serum samples were collected from 46 patients diagnosed with UC and 23 controls. For our assessment of the serum levels of HIF-1α, we used the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. Thus, for HIF-1α we detected significantly higher values in more severe and more extensive UC. When it came to MCVL and IIC, we observed statistically significant differences between the three groups being compared (Severe, Moderate, and Mild). Our study highlighted that HIF-1α correlated much better with a disease activity score, MCVL, and IIC. With MCVL and IIC, a strong and very strong correlation had formed between them and well-known inflammation indices. By examining the ROC curves of the analyzed parameters, we recognized that TWI (accuracy of 83.70%) provides the best discrimination of patients with early forms of UC, followed by HIF-1α (73.90% accuracy), MCVL (70.90% accuracy), and PLR (70.40%). In our study, we observed that HIF-1α, MCVL, and PLR had the same sensitivity (73.33%) but HIF-1α had a much better specificity (60.87% vs. 58.70%, and 54.35%). Also, in addition to the PLR, HIF-1α and MCVL can be used as independent predictor factors in the discrimination of patients with early forms of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioan Sabin Poenariu
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.S.P.); (R.-C.S.); (A.E.C.)
- Department of Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.S.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Lidia Boldeanu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (O.M.C.); (A.M.U.)
| | - Bogdan Silviu Ungureanu
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (B.S.U.); (D.I.G.)
| | - Daniel Cosmin Caragea
- Department of Nephrology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Oana Mariana Cristea
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (O.M.C.); (A.M.U.)
| | - Vlad Pădureanu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Isabela Siloși
- Department of Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.S.); (M.V.B.)
| | - Anca Marinela Ungureanu
- Department of Microbiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (O.M.C.); (A.M.U.)
| | - Răzvan-Cristian Statie
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.S.P.); (R.-C.S.); (A.E.C.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (B.S.U.); (D.I.G.)
| | - Alina Elena Ciobanu
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.S.P.); (R.-C.S.); (A.E.C.)
| | - Dan Ionuț Gheonea
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (B.S.U.); (D.I.G.)
| | - Eugen Osiac
- Department of Biophysics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Mihail Virgil Boldeanu
- Department of Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (I.S.); (M.V.B.)
- Medico Science SRL—Stem Cell Bank Unit, 200690 Craiova, Romania
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Wang Y, Huang X, Zhou G, Han J, Xie Z, Zhang M, Li X, Wu QR, Li L, Ye Z, Chen M, Qiu Y, Zhang S. A Novel Nomogram Combining Mucus Barrier Index for Predicting Treatment Failures in Ulcerative Colitis. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:1879-1894. [PMID: 37152865 PMCID: PMC10162100 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s410057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment failures (TFs) generally exist in the course of ulcerative colitis (UC), while early reliable predictors of TFs are still lacking. We aimed to generate nomograms for the prediction of TFs. Methods In this retrospective case-control study, the endpoint was the occurrence of TFs, which included medically associated treatment failures and surgery-associated treatment failures (colectomy). Clinical features and mucus integrity evident by goblet cells (GCs) number, expression levels of MUC2 and SLC26A3 were enrolled in the univariate analysis. Nomogram performance was evaluated by discrimination and calibration. Results We identified 256 UC patients at our center from January 2010 to June 2022. Fourteen variables for TFs and 9 for colectomy were identified by univariate analysis. Five baseline indices were incorporated into the nomogram for the prediction of TFs: area of GCs, age at diagnosis, disease duration, hemoglobin, and Mayo score. The model was presented with decent discrimination (C index of 0.822) and well calibration. In addition, the colectomy predictive nomogram was built using MUC2 intensity, age at onset, and Mayo score with a good discrimination (C index of 0.92). Conclusion Nomograms based on comprehensive factors including mucus barrier function were developed to predict TFs in UC patients with great discrimination, which may serve as practical tools aiming to identify high-risk subgroups warrant timely intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuanzhi Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaoshi Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mudan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi-rui Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyin Ye
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minhu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shenghong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shenghong Zhang; Yun Qiu, Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou Province, 510080, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-20-87332916, Email ;
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Long noncoding RNA KIF9-AS1 promotes cell apoptosis by targeting the microRNA-148a-3p/suppressor of cytokine signaling axis in inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 33:e922-e932. [PMID: 34750325 PMCID: PMC8734634 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal disease. This study was attempted to investigate the effects of long noncoding RNA KIF9-AS1 (KIF9-AS1) on the development of IBD and its underlying mechanism of action. METHODS Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) was implemented to examine the expression of KIF9-AS1 and microRNA-148a-3p (miR-148a-3p). The IBD mouse model was induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The body weight, disease activity index (DAI) score, colon length and histological injury were used to evaluate the colon injury. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines were measured by ELISA. In vitro, IBD was simulated by DSS treatment in colonic cells. Then the apoptosis of colonic cells was detected by flow cytometry assay. Furthermore, a dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to demonstrate the interactions among KIF9-AS1, miR-148a-3p and suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS3). RESULTS KIF9-AS1 expression was upregulated in IBD patients, DSS-induced IBD mice and DSS-induced colonic cells, whereas miR-148a-3p expression was downregulated. KIF9-AS1 silencing attenuated the apoptosis of DSS-induced colonic cells in vitro and alleviated colon injury and inflammation in DSS-induced IBD mice in vivo. Additionally, the mechanical experiment confirmed that KIF9-AS1 and SOCS3 were both targeted by miR-148a-3p with the complementary binding sites at 3'UTR. Moreover, miR-148a-3p inhibition or SOCS3 overexpression reversed the suppressive effect of KIF9-AS1 silencing on the apoptosis of DSS-induced colonic cells. CONCLUSION KIF9-AS1 silencing hampered the colon injury and inflammation in DSS-induced IBD mice in vivo, and restrained the apoptosis of DSS-induced colonic cells by regulating the miR-148a-3p/SOCS3 axis in vitro, providing a new therapeutic target for IBD.
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Sobah ML, Liongue C, Ward AC. SOCS Proteins in Immunity, Inflammatory Diseases, and Immune-Related Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:727987. [PMID: 34604264 PMCID: PMC8481645 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.727987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokine signaling represents one of the cornerstones of the immune system, mediating the complex responses required to facilitate appropriate immune cell development and function that supports robust immunity. It is crucial that these signals be tightly regulated, with dysregulation underpinning immune defects, including excessive inflammation, as well as contributing to various immune-related malignancies. A specialized family of proteins called suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) participate in negative feedback regulation of cytokine signaling, ensuring it is appropriately restrained. The eight SOCS proteins identified regulate cytokine and other signaling pathways in unique ways. SOCS1–3 and CISH are most closely involved in the regulation of immune-related signaling, influencing processes such polarization of lymphocytes and the activation of myeloid cells by controlling signaling downstream of essential cytokines such as IL-4, IL-6, and IFN-γ. SOCS protein perturbation disrupts these processes resulting in the development of inflammatory and autoimmune conditions as well as malignancies. As a consequence, SOCS proteins are garnering increased interest as a unique avenue to treat these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clifford Liongue
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Institue of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Alister C Ward
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.,Institue of Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Elhennawy MG, Abdelaleem EA, Zaki AA, Mohamed WR. Cinnamaldehyde and hesperetin attenuate TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis in rats through modulation of the JAk2/STAT3/SOCS3 pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22730. [PMID: 33522063 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder with a negative impact on the life quality of patients. Cinnamaldehyde and hesperetin were chosen due to their antioxidants and anti-inflammatory effects. This study explored the protective effects of cinnamaldehyde (40 and 90 mg/kg, po) and hesperetin (50 and 100 mg/kg, po) on 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Cinnamaldehyde and hesperetin significantly improved macroscopic and histopathological examinations with a significant reduction in myeloperoxidase and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 expression. They significantly reduced colon oxidative stress by a significant elevation in both reduced glutathione content and superoxide dismutase activity with a significant reduction of NO content. Furthermore, cinnamaldehyde and hesperetin alleviated the inflammatory injury by a significant reduction in interleukin-6 along with suppression of nuclear factor-κB, receptor for advanced glycation end products, and tumor necrosis factor-α expression. Moreover, cinnamaldehyde and hesperetin significantly decreased p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 while significantly increased suppressors of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) protein expression. In conclusion, cinnamaldehyde and hesperetin counteracted TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties as well as modulation of the JAk2/STAT3/SOCS3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eglal A Abdelaleem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Amal A Zaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Animal Health Research Institute, Giza, Egypt
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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8
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Nagao-Kitamoto H, Leslie JL, Kitamoto S, Jin C, Thomsson KA, Gillilland MG, Kuffa P, Goto Y, Jenq RR, Ishii C, Hirayama A, Seekatz AM, Martens EC, Eaton KA, Kao JY, Fukuda S, Higgins PDR, Karlsson NG, Young VB, Kamada N. Interleukin-22-mediated host glycosylation prevents Clostridioides difficile infection by modulating the metabolic activity of the gut microbiota. Nat Med 2020; 26:608-617. [PMID: 32066975 PMCID: PMC7160049 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-0764-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of host immunity in the gut microbiota-mediated colonization resistance to Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is incompletely understood. Here, we show that interleukin (IL)-22, induced by colonization of the gut microbiota, is crucial for the prevention of CDI in human microbiota-associated (HMA) mice. IL-22 signaling in HMA mice regulated host glycosylation, which enabled the growth of succinate-consuming bacteria Phascolarctobacterium spp. within the gut microbiome. Phascolarctobacterium reduced the availability of luminal succinate, a crucial metabolite for the growth of C. difficile, and therefore prevented the growth of C. difficile. IL-22-mediated host N-glycosylation is likely impaired in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and renders UC-HMA mice more susceptible to CDI. Transplantation of healthy human-derived microbiota or Phascolarctobacterium reduced luminal succinate levels and restored colonization resistance in UC-HMA mice. IL-22-mediated host glycosylation thus fosters the growth of commensal bacteria that compete with C. difficile for the nutritional niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Nagao-Kitamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jhansi L Leslie
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- The University of Virginia, Washington, VA, USA
| | - Sho Kitamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chunsheng Jin
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristina A Thomsson
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Merritt G Gillilland
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Peter Kuffa
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yoshiyuki Goto
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Mucosal Symbiosis, International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- AMED-PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Robert R Jenq
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX, USA
| | - Chiharu Ishii
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Hirayama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Anna M Seekatz
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Clemson University, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Eric C Martens
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kathryn A Eaton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Y Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Ebina, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Peter D R Higgins
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Vincent B Young
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Wang X, Guo R, Lv Y, Fu R. The regulatory role of Fos related antigen‑1 in inflammatory bowel disease. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1979-1985. [PMID: 29257201 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. The ratio of Fos related antigen‑1 (Fra‑1)‑positive intestinal mucosa epithelial cells is significantly increased in active IBD. This study intends to explore the regulatory role of Fra‑1 in IBD. The Fra‑1 eukaryotic expression vector was constructed and stably transfected to establish the Fra‑1 overexpression HCT‑116 (116‑Fra‑1) intestinal epithelial cell line. The impact of Fra‑1 overexpression on intestinal mucosal epithelial cell damage repair function was tested using a scratch assay. The role of Fra‑1 overexpression on intestinal mucosal epithelial cell proliferation was evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Apoptosis related proteins, B‑cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‑2), c‑Myc, Survivin and Bcl‑extra large (Bcl‑xL), expression levels were detected by western blotting. Fra‑1 suppressed intestinal mucosal epithelial cell damage repair and proliferation. Fra‑1 inhibited the protein levels of Bcl‑2, c‑Myc, Survivin, and Bcl‑xL. Fra‑1 overexpression in intestinal mucosal epithelial cells may restrain damage repair after intestinal mucosal injury in IBD remittent period through weakening the protective effect of intestinal mucosa, thus increasing the risk of recurrence. Therefore, suppressing Fra‑1 expression in intestinal mucosal epithelial cells may contribute to IBD remittent maintenance and recurrence delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianren Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Subsidiary Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Renle Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tai'an central hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271099, P.R. China
| | - Yanfeng Lv
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250131, P.R. China
| | - Rongzhan Fu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Subsidiary Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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10
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Prossomariti A, Scaioli E, Piazzi G, Fazio C, Bellanova M, Biagi E, Candela M, Brigidi P, Consolandi C, Balbi T, Chieco P, Munarini A, Pariali M, Minguzzi M, Bazzoli F, Belluzzi A, Ricciardiello L. Short-term treatment with eicosapentaenoic acid improves inflammation and affects colonic differentiation markers and microbiota in patients with ulcerative colitis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7458. [PMID: 28785079 PMCID: PMC5547132 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07992-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with long-standing ulcerative colitis (UC) have an increased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. In this pilot study we evaluated the effect of Eicosapentaenoic acid as free fatty acid (EPA-FFA) supplementation on mucosal disease activity, colonic differentiation markers and microbiota composition in UC patients. Twenty long-standing UC patients in stable clinical remission and with fecal calprotectin (FC) > 150 µg/g were enrolled (T0) and supplemented with EPA-FFA 2 g/daily for 90 days (T3). Endoscopic and histologic disease activities were measured by Mayo and Geboes scores, respectively. HES1, KLF4, STAT3, IL-10 and SOCS3 levels were determined using western blotting and qRT-PCR, while phospho-STAT3 levels were assessed by western blotting. Goblet cells were stained by Alcian blue. Microbiota analyses were performed on both fecal and colonic samples. Nineteen patients completed the study; seventeen (89.5%) were compliant. EPA-FFA treatment reduced FC levels at T3. Patients with FC > 150 µg/g at T3 (n = 2) were assumed as non-responders. EPA-FFA improved endoscopic and histological inflammation and induced IL-10, SOCS3, HES1 and KLF4 in compliant and responder patients. Importantly, long-term UC-driven microbiota composition was partially redressed by EPA-FFA. In conclusion, EPA-FFA supplementation reduced mucosal inflammation, promoted goblet cells differentiation and modulated intestinal microbiota composition in long-standing UC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Prossomariti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Scaioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Piazzi
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Fazio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Matteo Bellanova
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Biagi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Candela
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Brigidi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Clarissa Consolandi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies-National Research Council (ITB-CNR), Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Balbi
- Pathology Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pasquale Chieco
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Munarini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Pariali
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Minguzzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), S.Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Franco Bazzoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Belluzzi
- Gastroenterology Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Ricciardiello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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11
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Comparison of Cytokine and Efflux Transporter Expression in Pediatric Versus Adult-onset Ulcerative Colitis. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2017; 64:943-948. [PMID: 27622899 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000001403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic inflammation of the colon, is often more severe in children than adults. Identification of altered expression of efflux transporters, cytokines, and suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) molecules in pediatric versus adult patients could provide insight into the differential molecular patterns related to the age and disease pathology. METHODS Mucosal samples from terminal ileum and colon in pediatric (9 UC-New, 4 UC-Remission) and adult (9 UC-New, 8 UC-Remission) patients were compared with healthy subjects (15 children and 10 adults) for mRNA expressions of several efflux transporters, cytokines, and SOCS molecules. RESULTS The inflamed colon interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17A, and interferon-γ levels were elevated in UC-New subgroups but close to control values in UC-Remission. IL-1β expression was increased only in UC-New children. Interestingly, uninflamed ileum also showed increased IL-6 and IL-1β levels in UC-New subgroups. SOCS1/SOCS3 expression pattern followed a trend observed for inflammatory cytokines only in children. Both children and adults had decreased multidrug resistance protein 1 expression in colon, which inversely correlated with disease score, IL-6 and interferon-γ levels in UC-New children. IL-2 expression was upregulated in UC-Remission, compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS Efflux transporter expression varies between UC children and adults except for decreased multidrug resistance protein 1. UC is characterized by a dysregulated TH1 and TH17 cytokine response irrespective of age at disease onset, with higher cytokine levels detected in children. Increased IL-2 levels in remission imply a protective role for regulatory T cells (Tregs).
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12
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Shaw EJ, Smith EE, Whittingham-Dowd J, Hodges MD, Else KJ, Rigby RJ. Intestinal epithelial suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) impacts on mucosal homeostasis in a model of chronic inflammation. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2017; 5:336-345. [PMID: 28508554 PMCID: PMC5569373 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) is a tumour suppressor, limiting intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) proliferation in acute inflammation, and tumour growth, but little is known regarding its role in mucosal homeostasis. Resistance to the intestinal helminth Trichuris muris relies on an “epithelial escalator” to expel the parasite. IEC turnover is restricted by parasite‐induced indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO). Methods Mice with or without conditional knockout of SOCS3 were infected with T. muris. Crypt depth, worm burden, and proliferating cells and IDO were quantified. SOCS3 knockdown was also performed in human IEC cell lines. Results Chronic T. muris infection increased expression of SOCS3 in wild‐type mice. Lack of IEC SOCS3 led to a modest increase in epithelial turnover. This translated to a lower worm burden, but not complete elimination of the parasite suggesting a compensatory mechanism, possibly IDO, as seen in SOCS3 knockdown. Conclusions We report that SOCS3 impacts on IEC turnover following T. muris infection, potentially through enhancement of IDO. IDO may dampen the immune response which can drive IEC hyperproliferation in the absence of SOCS3, demonstrating the intricate interplay of immune signals regulating mucosal homeostasis, and suggesting a novel tumour suppressor role of SOCS3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth J Shaw
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Emily E Smith
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Jayde Whittingham-Dowd
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Matthew D Hodges
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Kathryn J Else
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, Manchester University, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachael J Rigby
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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Demir AK, Demirtas A, Kaya SU, Tastan I, Butun I, Sagcan M, Sahin S, Tasliyurt T, Yilmaz A. The relationship between the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2015; 31:585-90. [PMID: 26678939 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Preliminary evidence suggests that a higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may be an indicator of active ulcerative colitis (UC). However, it is not clear whether the NLR is a useful and simple indicator of clinical activity in UC after adjusting for the other inflammatory markers. We designed a retrospective study to evaluate the role of the NLR in estimating disease severity in UC patients. The study consisted of 71 patients with UC and 140 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (control group). The NLR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, and white blood cell count were measured. The NLR values of the active UC group were elevated compared with those of the patients with inactive UC and the controls (2.59 ± 1.47, 2.03 ± 1.07, and 1.98 ± 0.85, respectively; p = 0.005). The receiver operating characteristic revealed that the optimum NLR cut-off point for active UC was 2.39. A multivariable logistic analysis showed that of the parameters studied, C-reactive protein was the only parameter able to significantly discriminate active from inactive UC (B: 0.222; p = 0.017; odds ratio: 1.248; 95% confidence interval: 1.041-1.497).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Kevser Demir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Demirtas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Suheyla Uzun Kaya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Tastan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Butun
- Department of Biochemistry, Gaziosmanpasa University Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Sagcan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Safak Sahin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey.
| | - Turker Tasliyurt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Abdulkerim Yilmaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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14
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miR-19b downregulates intestinal SOCS3 to reduce intestinal inflammation in Crohn's disease. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10397. [PMID: 25997679 PMCID: PMC4441154 DOI: 10.1038/srep10397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression has frequently been observed in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), its biological functions and targets remain largely unknown. Present study found that miR-19b was significantly downregulated in active Crohn’s disease (CD). Using bioinformatics analysis, suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3), a physiological regulator of innate and adaptive immunity that controls several immuno-inflammatory diseases, was predicted to be a potential target of miR-19b. An inverse correlation between miR-19b and SOCS3 protein levels, but not mRNA, was identified in active-CD intestinal tissue samples. By overexpressing or knocking down miR-19b in Caco2 cells and HT29 cells, it was experimentally validated that miR-19b is a direct regulator of SOCS3. Using a luciferase reporter assay, it was confirmed that miR-19b directly recognizes the 3’-untranslated region (3’-UTR) of SOCS3. Furthermore, overexpression of miR-19b decreased SOCS3 expression, leading to increased production of macrophage-inflammatory protein-3α (MIP-3α) in Caco2 cells. In contrast, knockdown of miR-19b increased SOCS3 and decreased MIP-3α. Finally, intracolonically delivered miR-19b decreased the severity of colitis induced with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS). Taken together, our findings suggest that miR-19b suppresses the inflammatory response by inhibiting SOCS3 to modulate chemokine production in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and thereby prevents the pathogenesis of CD.
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15
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Xu AT, Li Y, Zhao D, Shen J, Xu XT, Qiao YQ, Zhu MM, Wang TR, Cui Y, Ai LY, Ran ZH. High suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 expression impairs STAT3-dependent protective effects of interleukin-22 in ulcerative colitis in remission. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2015; 21:241-50. [PMID: 25545374 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High SOCS3 expression in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) in remission reflects the shorter time to relapse. We investigated whether high SOCS3 increased risk for relapse through violating STAT3-dependent protective effects of interleukin (IL)-22 during UC remission. METHODS Expression of IL-22 and c-Myc in UC remission mucosa was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Effects of IL-22 on migration and proliferation of IEC cell lines with enforced SOCS3 expression were assessed with wounding assay and CCK-8 assay, respectively. Influence of STAT3 interference and SOCS3 overexpression on IL-22-regulated expression of antimicrobial peptide and proliferation-related molecules, including DMBT1, c-Myc, Survivin, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL, were performed with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction or Western blot. RESULTS Patients with UC in remission showed significantly more IL-22-positive immune cells, but no difference of epithelial c-Myc levels, in mucosa compared with healthy controls. Overexpression of SOCS3 nearly abolished IL-22-induced activation of STAT3. By inhibiting STAT3 signaling, SOCS3 influenced IL-22-induced expression of DMBT1, c-Myc, Survivin, and Bcl-2 as well as proliferation and migration processes in cultured IEC cell line. CONCLUSIONS SOCS3 overexpression impairs IL-22-mediated epithelial homeostasis and mucosal wound healing, which could be the mechanism for high SOCS3 IEC expression contributed early relapse of mucosal inflammation. Prevention of SOCS3 expression or enhancement of IL-22/STAT3 signaling in IEC seems to be rational therapeutic strategies for UC remission maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Tao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
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16
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Li Y, Deuring J, Peppelenbosch MP, Kuipers EJ, de Haar C, van der Woude CJ. STAT1, STAT6 and adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) signaling drive SOCS3 expression in inactive ulcerative colitis. Mol Med 2012; 18:1412-9. [PMID: 23154639 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2012.00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic disease associated with long periods of quiescent disease followed by fulminant exacerbation. Imminent relapse in UC is associated with high mucosal expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3); hence, knowledge of the mechanisms driving mucosal SOCS3 expression may provide important clues as to rational therapy. Thus, here we aim to characterize the molecular forces driving SOCS3 expression in the mucosal compartment, focusing on druggable pathways. The colon epithelial cell line Caco-2 was stimulated with interferon (IFN)-γ, interleukin (IL)-4 or prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) to allow correlations between SOCS3 expression with signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), STAT6 and adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) signaling, respectively. The physiological relevance of the findings obtained was assessed by immunohistochemical staining for the activated forms of STAT1, STAT6, protein kinase A (PKA)-Cγ and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in biopsies from inactive UC patients and controls. Stimulation with IFN-γ, IL-4 or PGE(2) induced activation of STAT1, STAT6 and cAMP, respectively, in colonic cells, without any signs of concomitant STAT3 activation. Forced activation of all these signaling pathways was sufficient for SOCS3 expression. Biopsies from patients with inactive UC showed significant increase of phosphorylated STAT1 (p-STAT1) (p < 0.0001), p-STAT6 (p = 0.0001), p-PKA-Cγ (p = 0.0003) and p-CREB (p = 0.0025) expression compared with controls. STAT3-independent SOCS3 induction in inactive UC involves multiple proinflammatory signaling pathways and contradicts the usefulness of pathway-specific antiinflammatory drugs for preventing relapse. Our findings suggest that broad-spectrum antiinflammatory drugs are essential to counteract increases in SOCS3 expression and exacerbation of disease. Our results highlight the multifactorial nature of the factors that cause exacerbation in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
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