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Singh D, Singh P, Mandal A, Rakesh A. Prognostic Insights and Survival Analysis of Gallbladder Cancer in Bihar, India: a Prospective Observational Study Emphasizing the Impact of Surgical Intervention on Overall Survival. Indian J Surg Oncol 2024; 15:196-203. [PMID: 38817991 PMCID: PMC11133252 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-024-01925-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the 1- and 3-year overall survival rates. This prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care center in Bihar state, India. The study analyzed 228 patients in Bihar with a median age at diagnosis of 55 ± 12.05 years. The most common symptoms included upper abdominal pain (26.3%), weight loss (14%), and ascites (13.6%). The majority of patients presented at stage IV (72.8%), with liver metastasis being prevalent (61.4%). Interventional biliary drainage was performed in 9.6% of cases, and systemic chemotherapy was received by 84.64%, while 15.36% opted for best supportive care. Univariate Cox regression analysis identified Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, stage, gallstone disease, and surgical intervention as significant risk factors influencing overall survival (OS) (p < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed ECOG performance status (p < 0.001), stage (p = 0.039), and surgical intervention (p = 0.038) as independent factors impacting OS. One-year OS rates for stages II, III, and IV were 100%, 97%, and 44%, respectively, while 3-year OS rates were 29%, 4%, and 0%. Surgical intervention significantly influenced OS (p < 0.001). OS for surgical intervention was 28 months, and for inoperable cases, it was 12 months. One- and 3-year OS for surgical intervention were 95% and 11%, while for inoperable cases, they were 41% and 0%, respectively. Patients with gallbladder cancer, particularly in Bihar's Gangetic plains, face poor survival, especially with advanced disease. Adequate surgery improves outcomes, prompting a call for enhanced strategies, particularly for locally advanced GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Singh
- Department of Radiotherapy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Jharkhand India
| | - Pritanjali Singh
- Department of Radiotherapy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Avik Mandal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medella Karkinos Oncology Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Amrita Rakesh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, SAVERA Cancer and Multispeciality Hospital, Patna, India
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Asmin PK, Nusrath F, Divakar DD. Occurrence and Distribution of Cancers with Emphasis Upon Oral Cancers in Registered Oncology Institutes of South India - A Retrospective Study. Indian J Community Med 2024; 49:120-130. [PMID: 38425965 PMCID: PMC10900442 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_106_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In the past two decades, the growing economy associated with changes in lifestyle-related behavior is partially responsible for the increasing cancer burden in India. To assess the occurrence and distribution of oral cancer based on the analysis of hospital records from registered oncology institutes of South India over a period of three years. Materials and Methods A multicenter, retrospective study was conducted at seven major hospitals in South India to assess the incidence and distribution of cancer among patients over a period of three years (2016-2018). Data were collected on a custom-made validated proforma. Analysis was done using R commander software. Results A total of 156090 various types of cancers were reported to the included institutes over a three-year period, an almost similar gender distribution was observed, males (n = 78806, 42.99% per lakh) compared to their female counterparts (n = 77284, 42.16% per lakh). Among males' lung cancer was the most common type with 17709 cases (9.65% per lakh) and among females, breast cancer was the leading cancer type with 22855 total cases (12.46% per lakh). Over a period of three years, a total of 21084 records of malignancies pertaining to oral cavity were identified accounting for 13.51% of cases. Among oral cancers, tongue was the most common site to be involved accounting for 44.22% (2016-2018) cases followed by buccal mucosa (14.69%), least common site to be involved was lip which accounted for 3.49% of the total oral cancer cases. Conclusion Breast cancer was the most common cancer followed by lung cancer. Oral cancers occupied second among males and fifth rank in the order of occurrence among females. Tongue was the most common site followed by buccal mucosa. The least common site affected by oral cancer was the lip.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. K. Asmin
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Coorg Institute of Dental Sciences, Virajpet, Karnataka, India
| | - Fareed Nusrath
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, KVGDCH, Sullia, Karnataka, India
| | - Darshan D. Divakar
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Giri S, Angadi S, Afzalpurkar S, Harindranath S, Varghese J, Sundaram S. Diagnostic performance and safety of endoscopic ultrasound-guided tissue acquisition of gallbladder lesions: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Indian J Gastroenterol 2023; 42:467-474. [PMID: 37280409 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-023-01374-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided tissue acquisition (TA) is widely used for various target samples, but its efficacy in gallbladder (GB) lesions is unknown. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to assess the pooled adequacy, accuracy and safety of EUS-TA of GB lesions. METHODS A literature search from January 2000 to August 2022 was done for studies analyzing the outcome of EUS-guided TA in patients with GB lesions. Pooled event rates were expressed with summative statistics. RESULTS The pooled rate of sample adequacy for all GB lesions and malignant GB lesions was 97.0% (95% CI: 94.5-99.4) and 96.6% (95% CI: 93.8-99.3), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of malignant lesions were 90% (95% CI: 85-94; I2 = 0.0%) and 100% (95% CI: 86-100; I2 = 0.0%), respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.915. EUS-guided TA had a pooled diagnostic accuracy rate of 94.6% (95% CI: 90.5-96.6) for all GB lesions and 94.1% (95% CI: 91.0-97.2) for malignant GB lesions. There were six reported mild adverse events (acute cholecystitis = 1, self-limited bleeding = 2, self-limited episode of pain = 3) with a pooled incidence of 1.8% (95% CI: 0.0-3.8) and none of the patients had serious adverse events. CONCLUSION EUS-guided tissue acquisition from GB lesions is a safe technique with high sample adequacy and diagnostic accuracy. EUS-TA can be an alternative when traditional sampling techniques fail or are not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suprabhat Giri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Sumaswi Angadi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Shivaraj Afzalpurkar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjappa Multispecialty Hospital, Davanagere, 577 005, India
| | - Sidharth Harindranath
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seth G S Medical College, K E M Hospital, Mumbai, 400 012, India
| | - Jijo Varghese
- Department of Gastroenterology, KM Cherian Institute of Medical Sciences, Kallissery, 689 124, India
| | - Sridhar Sundaram
- Department of Digestive Disease and Clinical Nutrition, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Parel, Mumbai, 400 012, India.
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Li M, Park JY, Sheikh M, Kayamba V, Rumgay H, Jenab M, Narh CT, Abedi-Ardekani B, Morgan E, de Martel C, McCormack V, Arnold M. Population-based investigation of common and deviating patterns of gastric cancer and oesophageal cancer incidence across populations and time. Gut 2023; 72:846-854. [PMID: 36241389 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The subtypes of gastric cancer (GC) and oesophageal cancer (EC) manifest distinct epidemiological profiles. Here, we aim to examine correlations in their incidence rates and to compare their temporal changes globally, both overall and by subtype. METHODS Long-term incidence data were obtained from population-based registries available from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents series. Variation in the occurrence of EC and GC (overall and by subtype) was assessed using the GC:EC ratio of sex-specific age-standardised rates (ASR) in 2008-2012. Average annual per cent changes were estimated to assess temporal trends during 1998-2012. RESULTS ASRs for GC and EC varied remarkably across and within world regions. In the countries evaluated, the GC:EC ratio in men exceeded 10 in several South American countries, Algeria and Republic of Korea, while EC dominated in most sub-Saharan African countries. High rates of both cardia gastric cancer and oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) were observed in several Asian populations. Non-cardia gastric cancer rates correlated positively with ESCC rates (r=0.60) and negatively with EAC (r=-0.79). For the time trends, while GC incidence has been uniformly decreasing by on average 2%-3% annually over 1998-2012 in most countries, trends for EC depend strongly on histology, with several but not all countries experiencing increases in EAC and decreases in ESCC. CONCLUSIONS Correlations between GC and EC incidence rates across populations are positive or inverse depending on the GC subsite and EC subtype. Multisite studies that include a combination of populations whose incidence rates follow and deviate from these patterns may be aetiologically informative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Young Park
- Branches of Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology, Cancer Surveillance and Genomics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mahdi Sheikh
- Branches of Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology, Cancer Surveillance and Genomics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Violet Kayamba
- Branches of Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology, Cancer Surveillance and Genomics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Department of Medicine, University of Zambia School of Medicine, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Harriet Rumgay
- Branches of Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology, Cancer Surveillance and Genomics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Mazda Jenab
- Branches of Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology, Cancer Surveillance and Genomics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Clement Tetteh Narh
- Branches of Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology, Cancer Surveillance and Genomics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani
- Branches of Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology, Cancer Surveillance and Genomics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Eileen Morgan
- Branches of Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology, Cancer Surveillance and Genomics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Catherine de Martel
- Branches of Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology, Cancer Surveillance and Genomics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Valerie McCormack
- Branches of Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology, Cancer Surveillance and Genomics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Melina Arnold
- Branches of Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology, Cancer Surveillance and Genomics, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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George PS, Mathew A, Sruthi S, Kurup SA, Kattoor J, Vinod TR. Spatiotemporal pattern of thyroid cancer incidence in South Kerala: A population-based study. Indian J Public Health 2023; 67:240-246. [PMID: 37459019 DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_1419_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Thyroid cancer (TC) is the most common endocrine cancer and has been increasing over the past decades worldwide. A notable finding is that Kerala's capital Thiruvananthapuram ranks the first among men and the second highest among women in the incidence of TC in India. Reasons for this increase have not been established. Objectives Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal pattern of TC incidence in Thiruvananthapuram. Materials and Methods TC incidence data (n = 1937) of Population Based Cancer Registry Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India, between 2012 and 2016, were analyzed for identifying geographical patterns by spatial methods, temporal methods for studying spatial variation in TC incidence, distribution of age, gender, and histology in lowland (coastal), midland, and highland. Results Spatial clustering of TC incidence was identified consistently near the coastal region based on all geospatial analyses. 56.9%, 23.9%, and 19.2% of TC cases were observed in the coastal, midland, and highland areas, respectively. A significant clustered pattern of TC incidence was revealed by Moran's index I (0.49), high-high clusters by local Moran's, hotspot by Getis-Ord-Gi* (P < 0.05), point pattern analysis by nearest neighbor ratio and kernel density estimation. The relative risk of the significant cluster was obtained as 1.60 (95% confidence interval: 1.03-1.84) by SaTScan analysis. Conclusion This study identified spatial variations in the pattern of TC cases with significant clusters near the coastal region of Thiruvananthapuram. This would help to pinpoint the high-risk geographical areas of TC and for more effective cancer control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi Sara George
- Additional Professor, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Aleyamma Mathew
- Professor and Head, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - S Sruthi
- Junior Research Fellow, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | | | - Jayasree Kattoor
- Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - T R Vinod
- Program Director, Centre for Environment and Development, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Fu L, Tian T, Yao K, Chen XF, Luo G, Gao Y, Lin YF, Wang B, Sun Y, Zheng W, Li P, Zhan Y, Fairley CK, Grulich A, Zou H. Global Pattern and Trends in Penile Cancer Incidence: Population-Based Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2022; 8:e34874. [PMID: 35793140 PMCID: PMC9301560 DOI: 10.2196/34874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Penile cancer is a relatively rare genital malignancy whose incidence and mortality are rising in many countries.
Objective
This study aims to assess the recent incidence and mortality patterns and incidence trends of penile cancer.
Methods
The age-standardized incidence and mortality rates (ASIR and ASMR, respectively) of penile cancer in 2020 were estimated from the Global Cancer Registries (GLOBOCAN) database. Incidence trends of penile cancer from 1973 to 2012 were assessed in 44 populations from 43 countries using the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents plus (CI5plus) and the Nordic Cancer Registries (NORDCAN) databases. Average annual percentage change was calculated to quantify trends in ASIR using joinpoint regression.
Results
Globally, the estimated ASIR and ASMR of penile cancer were 0.80 (per 100,000) and 0.29 (per 100,000) in 2020, equating to 36,068 new cases and 13,211 deaths in 2020, respectively. There was no significant correlation between the ASIR (P=.05) or ASMR (P=.90) and Human Development Index. In addition, 15 countries saw increasing ASIR for penile cancer, 13 of which were from Europe (United Kingdom, Lithuania, Norway, Estonia, Finland, Sweden, Cyprus, Netherlands, Italy, Croatia, Slovakia, Russia, and the Czech), and 2 from Asia (China and Israel).
Conclusions
Although the developing countries still bear the higher incidence and mortality of penile cancer, the incidence is on the rise in most European countries. To mitigate the disease burden resulting from penile cancer, measures to lower the risk for penile cancers, including improving penile hygiene and male human papillomavirus vaccination, may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leiwen Fu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tian Tian
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Yao
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Feng Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Human Sperm Bank, Shanghai, China
| | - Ganfeng Luo
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanxiao Gao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Fan Lin
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bingyi Wang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinghui Sun
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiran Zheng
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiyang Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuewei Zhan
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Christopher K Fairley
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew Grulich
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Huachun Zou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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7
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Ngoo QZ, Wan Hitam WH, Tan CL, Krishna Bhavaraju VM. Evaluation of Optic Nerve Head Parameters and Electro-Physiology Among Breast Cancer Patients on Tamoxifen. Cureus 2022; 14:e21042. [PMID: 35155010 PMCID: PMC8824467 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction To evaluate if early tamoxifen toxicity can be detected by comparing pre-and post-treatment optic nerve head parameters and visual function using Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph III (HRT III) and Pattern Visual Evoked Potential (Pattern VEP). Method This is a prospective study involving 76 eyes of 38 breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia. These patients were examined by a single doctor and the investigations were done by a single technician. The visual acuity, optic nerve function, visual field, optic nerve head parameters on HRT III and Pattern VEP were assessed. The examination was performed before and three months after treatment initiation. Results There was no tamoxifen ocular toxicity found three months post-treatment with tamoxifen. There was no change in visual acuity and optic nerve function post-treatment initiation. There were no statistically significant changes found in optic nerve head parameters on HRT III and P 100 peak latency and amplitude on Pattern VEP. Conclusion Ocular toxicity is a recognized complication of tamoxifen treatment. Tamoxifen optic neuropathy is a potentially irreversible, visually disabling complication. Tamoxifen ocular toxicity was not found three months after tamoxifen treatment initiation among estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer patients. No early changes in optic nerve head parameters and P 100 peak latency and amplitude changes were found after three months of treatment. A longer duration of monitoring with HRT III and Pattern VEP may be needed to adequately observe for early, subclinical changes in optic nerve head parameters and visual function among tamoxifen users.
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Nayak P, Neogi K, Tewari M, Singh A, Sharma K, Tej GVC, Verma S, Gupta S. Transcription factor 4 expression and correlation with tumor progression in gallbladder cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:668-676. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1381_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Gangane N, Khan HR, Patil B. E-cadherin as a prognostic biomarker in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A pilot study at tertiary care hospital. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF DR. D.Y. PATIL VIDYAPEETH 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_240_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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10
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Mohakud S, Sidhu S, Deep N, Naik S. Panorama of multidetector-row computed tomography findings of carcinoma gall bladder - A retrospective observational study. J Cancer Res Ther 2022; 18:661-667. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_235_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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LASP-1 interacts with ErbB2 in ovarian cancer cells. Biochem J 2021; 479:23-38. [PMID: 34881777 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
LASP-1 was identified as a protein following mass spectrometric analysis of phosphoproteins consequent to signaling by ErbB2 in SKOV-3 cells. It has been previously identified as an oncogene and is located on chromosomal arm 17q 0.76Mb centromeric to ErbB2. It is expressed in serous ovarian cancer cell lines as a 40kDa protein. In SKOV-3 cells, it was phosphorylated and was inhibited by Lapatinib and CP7274714. LASP-1 co-immunoprecipitated with ErbB2 in SKOV-3 cells, suggesting a direct interaction. This interaction and phosphorylation were independent of the kinase activity of ErbB2. Moreover, the binding of LASP-1 to ErbB2 was independent of the tyrosine phosphorylation of LASP-1. LASP-1 was neither expressed on the surface epithelium of the normal ovary nor in the fallopian tube. It was expressed in 28% of ovarian tumours (n=101) that did not significantly correlate with other clinical factors. In tumours from patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast who had ErbB2 amplification (3+), LASP-1 was expressed in 3/20 (p <0.001). Analysis of the expression of an independent dataset of ovarian and breast tumors from TCGA showed the significant co-occurrence of ErbB2 and LASP-1 (p<0.01). These results suggest that LASP-1 and ErbB2 interaction could be important in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer.
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Jha AK, Ali A, Kumar M, Kumar M, Bhadani PP, Murthy NBS, Chandrakant K. Outcome of routine histopathological examination of gallbladder specimen following elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. J Carcinog 2021; 20:19. [PMID: 34729051 PMCID: PMC8531575 DOI: 10.4103/jcar.jcar_19_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gallstone disease is one of the commonest surgical ailments encountered in our setup. Its prevalence in India varies from 2% to 29%. Although cholelithiasis accounts for more than 95% of gall bladder related disease, routine histopathological examination (HPE) is vital. It reveals a myriad of benign as well as the malignant surgical pathology of the gallbladder (GB). This part of the world is considered as an endemic region for GB carcinoma as well as gallstone disease. This study intends to evaluate the outcome of the routine HPE of laparoscopic cholecystectomy specimens. METHODS: This retrospective observational study evaluated the results of the routine HPE of elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy specimens of single tertiary care center. Patients suspected or diagnosed with carcinoma gall bladder were excluded. Demographic data such as age, sex, and pathology results were recorded. RESULTS: From January 2017 to December 2019, HPEs of 921 patients who had undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy specimens were analyzed. 97.6% specimens had benign lesion of which chronic calculus cholecystitis was predominantly high (95.01%) followed by cholesterosis (9.9%) and xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (6.51%). Incidental carcinoma gall bladder was observed in 17 specimens accounting for 1.85%. Mean age of patients who underwent cholecystectomy was 43.10 ± 13.90 with female to male ratio of 3.23:1. CONCLUSION: Chronic calculus cholecystitis was the most common gall bladder disease with high female preponderance to all GB pathologies. This study affirms the importance of routine HPE after cholecystectomy as early incidental detection of carcinoma gall bladder alters the postoperative management approach and patients are expected to have a better outcome with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashesh Kumar Jha
- Department of General Surgery and Pathology AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Ashraf Ali
- Department of General Surgery and Pathology AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of General Surgery and Pathology AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of General Surgery and Pathology AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India
| | | | - Niroop B S Murthy
- Department of General Surgery and Pathology AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Kumar Chandrakant
- Department of General Surgery and Pathology AIIMS, Patna, Bihar, India
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Mathur P, Sathishkumar K, Chaturvedi M, Das P, Sudarshan KL, Santhappan S, Nallasamy V, John A, Narasimhan S, Roselind FS. Cancer Statistics, 2020: Report From National Cancer Registry Programme, India. JCO Glob Oncol 2021; 6:1063-1075. [PMID: 32673076 PMCID: PMC7392737 DOI: 10.1200/go.20.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 386] [Impact Index Per Article: 128.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The systematic collection of data on cancer is being performed by various population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) and hospital-based cancer registries (HBCRs) across India under the National Cancer Registry Programme–National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research of Indian Council of Medical Research since 1982. METHODS This study examined the cancer incidence, patterns, trends, projections, and mortality from 28 PBCRs and also the stage at presentation and type of treatment of patients with cancer from 58 HBCRs (N = 667,666) from the pooled analysis for the composite period 2012-2016. Time trends in cancer incidence rate were generated as annual percent change from 16 PBCRs (those with a minimum of 10 years of continuous good data available) using Joinpoint regression. RESULTS Aizawl district (269.4) and Papumpare district (219.8) had the highest age-adjusted incidence rates among males and females, respectively. The projected number of patients with cancer in India is 1,392,179 for the year 2020, and the common 5 leading sites are breast, lung, mouth, cervix uteri, and tongue. Trends in cancer incidence rate showed an increase in all sites of cancer in both sexes and were high in Kamrup urban (annual percent change, 3.8%; P < .05). The majority of the patients with cancer were diagnosed at the locally advanced stage for breast (57.0%), cervix uteri (60.0%), head and neck (66.6%), and stomach (50.8%) cancer, whereas in lung cancer, distant metastasis was predominant among males (44.0%) and females (47.6%). CONCLUSION This study provides a framework for assessing the status and trends of cancer in India. It shall guide appropriate support for action to strengthen efforts to improve cancer prevention and control to achieve the national noncommunicable disease targets and the sustainable development goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Mathur
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Meesha Chaturvedi
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | | | | | - Vinodh Nallasamy
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anish John
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
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Sharma M, Talwar V, Maheshwari U, Koyyala VPB, Goel V, Goyal S, Dash PK, Batra U, Bajaj R, Yadav A, Goyal P, Doval DC. Role of Maintenance Gemcitabine in Advanced Carcinoma Gallbladder. South Asian J Cancer 2021; 9:204-208. [PMID: 34131572 PMCID: PMC8197654 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1721216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of gemcitabine maintenance on progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with metastatic gallbladder cancer (GBC).
Materials and Methods
Sixty patients with unresectable or metastatic GBC having ongoing response to treatment with initial six cycles of gemcitabine and a platinum-based doublet chemotherapy were prospectively randomized on day 21 of the 6th cycle in 1:1 fashion to receive either maintenance gemcitabine 1 g/m
2
intravenously on day 1 and day 8 of three weekly cycle or observation. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan–Meier method and comparisons by the log-rank test. A
p
-value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results
Of 60 patients, a total of 56 were available for final analysis. The median PFS was 4.7 months (3.1–6.3) in gemcitabine arm and 2.6 months (2.4–2.8) in observation arm, hazard ratio (HR) 0.196 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.1–0.39),
p
< 0.001. Median overall survival in gemcitabine arm was 12.4 months (9.15–15.6) as opposed to 9.9 months (8.29–11.5) in observation arm, HR 0.76 (95% CI: 0.43–1.35),
p
= 0.354. The grade 3 or 4 side effects in maintenance arm were transaminitis (17.9%), thrombocytopenia (17.8%), neutropenia (14.2%), and febrile neutropenia (7.1%).
Conclusions
Maintenance gemcitabine therapy in unresectable/metastatic GBC patients responding to first-line gemcitabine and platinum treatment contributes to increase PFS with minimal and manageable side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Sharma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | - Vineet Talwar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | - Udip Maheshwari
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Varun Goel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumit Goyal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Dash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | - Ullas Batra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajat Bajaj
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fortis Escorts Hospital, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Abhishek Yadav
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fortis Escorts Hospitals, Delhi, India
| | - Pankaj Goyal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Chandra Doval
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Center, New Delhi, India
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Gupta A, Gupta S, Siddeek RAT, Chennatt JJ, Singla T, Rajput D, Kumar N, Sehrawat A, Kishore S, Gupta M. Demographic and clinicopathological Profile of Gall Bladder Cancer Patients: Study from a tertiary care center of the Sub-Himalayan region in Indo-Gangetic Belt. J Carcinog 2021; 20:6. [PMID: 34321956 PMCID: PMC8312375 DOI: 10.4103/jcar.jcar_3_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gall bladder cancer (GBC) accounts for 80%-95% of biliary tract malignancies in the world. There is however striking variability in the global incidence of gallbladder cancer, reaching epidemic levels for some regions and ethnicities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic and clinicopathological profile of the gallbladder cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS All patients of carcinoma gall bladder presenting to department of surgery in hepatopancreaticobiliary unit from July 2017 to November 2020 were included in this study. A proforma containing all the relevant details including history, examination, blood, radiology, and pathological investigations was filled. RESULTS A total of 326 patients of GBC were analyzed. The majority (75%) were found to be females with a mean age of 55 years. Pain abdomen was the most common presenting symptom in 81% of patients. The most common stage of presentation was stage IV and only 6 were in stage I. Two hundred and thirty three (71.4%) patients had metastatic disease at presentation. Liver infiltration at the time of diagnosis was present in 89% of patients. The most common site of metastasis was found in the liver (23.3%). GBC was more common in patients with A blood group. Baseline serum albumin levels were found to be significantly associated with the staging of GBC. CONCLUSIONS Due to the non specific symptoms patients of GBC present at very advanced stages, high index of suspicion and health education seems to play an important role in early detection and improvement of survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Gupta
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sweety Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rohik Anjum T. Siddeek
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jaine John Chennatt
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Tanuj Singla
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepak Rajput
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Navin Kumar
- Department of Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Amit Sehrawat
- Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sanjeev Kishore
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manoj Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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16
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Shukla SK, Singh G, Shahi KS, Pant P. Genetic Changes of P 53 and Kras in Gallbladder Carcinoma in Kumaon Region of Uttarakhand. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 51:552-559. [PMID: 31396884 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-019-00283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallbladder carcinoma is a highly lethal but relatively rare neoplasm of the digestive tract. p53 mutations are one of the most frequent genetic alterations in human cancers and are thought to play a role in pathogenesis of several malignancies. Kras oncogene is responsible for high frequency recognized as an early event in pancreatic and colonic carcinogenesis. OBJECTIVES We investigated the genetic change of p53, Kras and histopathological changes in gallbladder cancer tissue samples. METHODS P53 mutation was seen in the axons 5, 6, 7 and 8 of p53 gene and Kras codon 12 mutations in 25 operative specimens of gallbladder carcinoma. The hispathology observations and polymerase chain reaction-based techniques of these patients were used for point mutations study in p53 and in codon 12 of Kras gene. RESULTS Mutations of p53 analyzed from exons 5 to 8 using the method of PCR-SSCP were 44%, PCR-RFLP was carried out, and incidence of mutation in codon 12 of Kras was 48% in the adenocarcinoma patients. There was a significant correlation between presence of gall stone, histopathological type, cellular differentiation, grade, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, lymph node invasion, involvement of cystic duct end margin, liver invasion, omental tissue invasion, and T.N.M. staging. CONCLUSIONS Curative surgical resection remains the only effective approach for treatment of GBC. Studies with large number of cases with latest application, next-generation sequencing, DNA microarray, transcriptome analysis, and real-time PCR would help in exploring more targets and better classification of these cancers at genetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar Shukla
- Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Government Medical College, Haldwani, Nainital, Uttarakhand, 263139, India
| | - Govind Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Rajshree Medical Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243501, India.
| | - Kedar Singh Shahi
- Department of Surgery, Government Medical College, Haldwani, Nainital, Uttarakhand, 263139, India
| | - Prabhat Pant
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Haldwani, Nainital, Uttarakhand, 263139, India
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17
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Kumar D, Rastogi N, Agarwal S, Mishra S, Kumar S, Lal P, Singh S, Choudhary S. A comparative study of gemcitabine and cisplatin versus oral capecitabine alone in metastatic gallbladder cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 18:939-945. [DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_896_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Lamtha S, Bhutia K, Lachungpa T. Etiology of obstructive jaundice and its correlation with the ethnic population of Sikkim. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:4189-4192. [PMID: 35136787 PMCID: PMC8797102 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1034_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the study was to find out the etiology of obstructive jaundice and its correlation with the ethnic population of Sikkim. Material and Method: The data of patients with obstructive jaundice admitted under the Department of Gastroenterology was collected retrospectively from March 2019 till February 2020. There were a total of 73 patients of obstructive jaundice patients, the benign etiology was found to be more common than malignant etiology. Results: The male-to-female ratio in our study was 0.35:1. The most common etiology of benign cause of obstructive jaundice was choledocholithiasis (95.83%) followed by common bile duct stricture (3.07%), Mirizzi syndrome (1.53%). The most common causes of malignant obstructive jaundice were carcinoma of gall bladder (62.5%) followed by carcinoma of periampullary region (12.5%), cholangiocarcinoma (12.5%), carcinoma of head of pancreas (12.5%). Conclusions: The most common etiology of obstructive jaundice in this study was choledocholithiasis. There was no any correlation of obstructive jaundice with ethnic population of Sikkim.
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19
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Madhawi R, Pandey A, Raj S, Mandal M, Devi S, Sinha PK, Singh RK. Geographical pattern of carcinoma gallbladder in Bihar and its association with river Ganges and arsenic levels: Retrospective individual consecutive patient data from Regional Cancer Centre. South Asian J Cancer 2020; 7:167-170. [PMID: 30112331 PMCID: PMC6069329 DOI: 10.4103/sajc.sajc_37_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Indo-Gangetic basin is known to have higher incidence of gallbladder cancer. Proximity to River Ganga and high heavy metal in soil exposure have been postulated as risk factors. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the geographical pattern of gallbladder cancer from consecutive patient database enrolled in hospital-based cancer registry (HBCR). Objectives: To evaluate demographic profile and districtwise/zonewise dispersion of gallbladder cancer cases registered in HBCR from year 2014 to 2016. To evaluate association of carcinoma gallbladder (CaGB) due to proximity of Ganges, districts of high soil arsenic levels and referral bias. Materials and Methods: Demographic profile and district-based location of individual consecutive gallbladder cancer patient registered in Regional Cancer Centre from the year 2014 till 2016 were analyzed. Population data from 2011 census and arsenic soil content data from central groundwater body were obtained. Frequency distribution, cross tabulation, and odds ratio were used to analyze risk of CaGB across population subsets in Bihar. Results: A total of 1291 consecutive patients of CaGB were registered from 2014 to 2016. Median age at diagnosis was 55 years (range 18–95 years). Male to female ratio was 0.6. Patna (16%) followed by Vaishali (5.8%), Sitamarhi (5%), Madhubani (4.7%), Gaya (4%), and Samastipur (4%) had highest cases. Districts along main central River Ganga (n = 12) and those exposed to high arsenic soil content (n = 15) had higher odds ratio for CaGB, 1.72 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.54–1.91, P = 0.001), and 1.45 (95% CI: 1.30–1.62, P = 0.001), respectively. Districts within 100 km radius of our institute had higher gallbladder cancer cases, odds ratio 1.81 (95% CI: 1.62–2.03, P = 0.001), suggesting significant referral bias predominantly contributed by cases registered under Patna and Vaishali districts. Conclusion: CaGB is major public health problem in Bihar. Exposure to high soil arsenic levels and proximity to River Ganga are strongly associated with gallbladder cancer. Systematic population-based longitudinal studies are needed to explore above hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Madhawi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Avinash Pandey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Shraddha Raj
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Manish Mandal
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Seema Devi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Prabhat Kumar Sinha
- Department of Biomedical Research, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
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20
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Prabhash K, Babu G, Chaturvedi P, Kuriakose M, Birur P, Anand AK, Kaushal A, Mahajan A, Syiemlieh J, Singhal M, Gairola M, Ramachandra P, Goyal S, John S, Nayyar R, Patil VM, Rao V, Roshan V, Rath GK. Indian clinical practice consensus guidelines for the management of squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck. Indian J Cancer 2020; 57:S1-S5. [PMID: 32167063 DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.278971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNCs) are malignant tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract and are the sixth most common cancer worldwide. In India, around 30-40% of all cancers are HNCs. Even though there are global guidelines or recommendations for the management of HNCs, these may not be appropriate for Indian scenarios. In an effort to discuss current practices, latest developments and to come to a consensus to recommend management strategies for different anatomical subsites of HNCs for Indian patients, a group of experts (medical, surgical and radiation oncologists and dentists) was formed. A review of literature from medical databases was conducted to provide the best possible evidence base, which was reviewed by experts during a consensus group meeting (January, 2019) to provide recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Govind Babu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pankaj Chaturvedi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Moni Kuriakose
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cochin Cancer Research Centre, Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Praveen Birur
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, KLE Society's Institute of Dental Sciences (KLESIDS), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Anil K Anand
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Kaushal
- Department of Medical Oncology, HCG Cancer Centre, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhishek Mahajan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Judita Syiemlieh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Civil Hospital, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Manish Singhal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Munish Gairola
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Prakash Ramachandra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sri Shankara Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sumit Goyal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, New Delhi, India
| | - Subashini John
- Department of Radiotherapy, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rohit Nayyar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay M Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vishal Rao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, HCG Cancer Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vikas Roshan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Narayana Superspeciality Hospital, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - G K Rath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Institute, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi, India
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A Modified Histopathologic Staging in Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma Predicts Nodal Metastasis and Outcome Better Than the Current AJCC Staging. Am J Surg Pathol 2020; 44:1112-1117. [PMID: 32301753 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) updated the staging system for penile squamous cell carcinoma. According to it, unlike its previous version, the involvement of urethra does not upstage the tumor; however, the involvement of corpora cavernosa (CC) does. The tumors involving CC are now staged pT3, whereas those involving corpora spongiosa (CS) are staged pT2, irrespective of the involvement of the urethra. In the current study, we sought to validate these recent modifications and in-process also attempted to improvise upon it. The histopathology slides were reviewed in 142 cases of penile squamous cell carcinoma. The histopathologic variables noted were tumor grade, anatomic level of invasion (CC/CS), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and perineural invasion (PNI). Metastases to the lymph nodes were confirmed. Tumors were staged pT2/pT3 according to AJCC 8th edition and this staging system was further improvised by incorporating histopathologic variables similar to pT1 tumors in AJCC 8th edition. Accordingly, pT2 tumors invaded CS/CC without LVI or PNI and were not grade 3, whereas pT3 tumors invaded CS/CC, showed LVI and/or PNI, or were grade 3. Both the staging models were then correlated with nodal metastasis and disease-free survival. The new staging model (P=0.001) and not the AJCC pT2/pT3 stages (P=0.2) showed a statistically significant correlation with nodal metastasis. Similarly, only the proposed model significantly impacted disease-free survival (P=0.011). To conclude, we were unable to validate the prognostic difference between the pT2/pT3 stages according to AJCC 8th edition. The staging system can be improvised by incorporating histopathologic variables similar to pT1 tumors.
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22
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Goel S, Aggarwal A, Iqbal A, Gupta M, Rao A, Singh S. 18-FDG PET-CT should be included in preoperative staging of gall bladder cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 46:1711-1716. [PMID: 32331985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only few retrospective studies have looked into the ability of PET-CT to diagnose distant metastases in gall bladder cancer (GBC) patients with variable results. This study aims to determine the utility of PET -CT in potentially resectable GBC. METHODS All GBC patients with resectable disease on CECT chest, abdomen & pelvis were subjected to FDG- PET-CT scan. Incidental GBC was excluded. All additional findings and change in management plan was recorded. RESULTS Out of 149 patients, 99 (66.4%) were females and the mean age was 56.7 ± 11.0 years,. After PET scan, additional findings were seen in 46/149 (30.9%) patients and it lead to change in management plan in 35 (23.4%) patients due to the presence of distant metastases. Impact of PET scan in changing the stage was higher in patients having node positive disease on CECT (26/96, 27%) as compared to node negative patients (9/53, 16.9%), but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.233). After assessment on CECT, 76 patients were planned for NACT in view of locally advanced disease but after PET-CT in these patients, the management plan changed to palliative chemotherapy in 26 (34.2%) cases whereas it changed in only 9 out of 73 (12.3%) patients who were planned for upfront surgery (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION Our results show that preoperative staging workup for GBC should include PET-CT as it changed the management plan in approximately one-fourth of all resectable GBC patients and in one-third of locally advanced cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaifali Goel
- Department of GI and HPB Oncosurgery, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Sector -5, Rohini, Delhi, 110085, India
| | - Abhishek Aggarwal
- Department of GI and HPB Oncosurgery, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Sector -5, Rohini, Delhi, 110085, India
| | - Asif Iqbal
- Department of GI and HPB Oncosurgery, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Sector -5, Rohini, Delhi, 110085, India
| | - Manoj Gupta
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Reserach Centre, Delhi, India
| | - Avinash Rao
- Department of Imaging and Radiodiagnosis, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Delhi, India
| | - Shivendra Singh
- Department of GI and HPB Oncosurgery, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Sector -5, Rohini, Delhi, 110085, India.
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Alterations in XRCC1 gene profile in pathogenesis of oral cavity cancer: A population-based study from Kamrup Urban District of Assam, India. Curr Probl Cancer 2020; 44:100473. [DOI: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Sali AP, Menon S, Prakash G, Murthy V, Bakshi G, Mahantshetty U, Joshi A, Desai SB. Histopathological risk scoring system as a tool for predicting lymph nodal metastasis in penile squamous cell carcinoma. Pathology 2019; 51:696-704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Singla V, Agarwal R, Anikhindi SA, Puri P, Kumar M, Ranjan P, Kumar A, Sharma P, Bansal N, Bakshi P, Verma K, Arora A. Role of EUS-FNA for gallbladder mass lesions with biliary obstruction: a large single-center experience. Endosc Int Open 2019; 7:E1403-E1409. [PMID: 31673611 PMCID: PMC6805207 DOI: 10.1055/a-0982-2862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and study aims Although endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is an established modality for pathological sampling of pancreatic and biliary lesions, limited data are available on the diagnostic value of EUS-FNA for evaluation of gallbladder mass lesions, a common cause of obstructive jaundice. We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of EUS-FNA for diagnosis of gallbladder mass lesions presenting with biliary obstruction. Patients and methods This study was a retrospective analysis of data from patients who had undergone EUS-FNA for gallbladder mass lesions. FNA was performed on either a gallbladder mass, metastatic node or liver lesions. Outcome measures were diagnostic yield of EUS FNA and adverse events. Results From April 2011 to August 2018, 101 patients with gallbladder mass lesions with biliary obstruction underwent EUS-FNA. The final diagnosis was malignancy in 98, benign disease in one, and two patients were lost to follow-up. EUS-FNA confirmed the diagnosis in 89 of 98 patients with malignancy (sensitivity 90.81 %); was false negative in nine of 98 cases with malignancy; and was truly negative in the solitary patient with benign disease (specificity 100 %). Positive predictive value, negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were 100 %, 10 %, and 90.90 %, respectively. Two patients had self-limiting pain. Conclusion EUS-FNA is a sensitive tool for evaluation of gallbladder mass lesions presenting with obstructive jaundice. However, because of low NPV, lesions in which FNA is negative should be further evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Singla
- Institute of Liver, Gastroenterology and Pancreaticobiliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India,Corresponding author Dr. Vikas Singla Consultant and Associate ProfessorInstitute of Liver, Gastroenterology and Pancreaticobiliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram HospitalNew DelhiIndia+91-11-25861002
| | - Rachit Agarwal
- Institute of Gastro Sciences, Apollo Gleneagles Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Shrihari Anil Anikhindi
- Institute of Liver, Gastroenterology and Pancreaticobiliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Pankaj Puri
- Institute of Liver, Gastroenterology and Pancreaticobiliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Mandhir Kumar
- Institute of Liver, Gastroenterology and Pancreaticobiliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Piyush Ranjan
- Institute of Liver, Gastroenterology and Pancreaticobiliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Institute of Liver, Gastroenterology and Pancreaticobiliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Praveen Sharma
- Institute of Liver, Gastroenterology and Pancreaticobiliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Naresh Bansal
- Institute of Liver, Gastroenterology and Pancreaticobiliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Pooja Bakshi
- Department of Cytopathology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Kusum Verma
- Department of Cytopathology, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil Arora
- Institute of Liver, Gastroenterology and Pancreaticobiliary Sciences, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Jiao K, Jiang W, Zhao C, Su D, Zhang H. Bmi-1 in gallbladder carcinoma: Clinicopathology and mechanism of regulation of human gallbladder carcinoma proliferation. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:1365-1371. [PMID: 31423199 PMCID: PMC6607302 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of Bmi-1 in gallbladder carcinoma and its clinicopathology and mechanisms of regulation of human gallbladder carcinoma cell proliferation were investigated. Fifty cases of gallbladder carcinoma specimens and 15 normal gallbladder tissues were subjected to immunohistochemical staining to detect the expression of Bmi-1 gene in gallbladder carcinoma and normal gallbladder tissues. Clinicopathological features were compared and analyzed. Bmi1-si RNA and Bmi1-NC vectors were transfected into GBC-SD gallbladder cancer cell lines. Expression of Bmi-1 in GBC-SD-Bmi1-si RNA, GBC-SD-Bmi1-NC and GBC-SD cells was detected by RT-qPCR. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis. Protein expression was detected by western blot analysis. The positive expression rate of Bmi-1 protein in gallbladder carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in normal gallbladder tissues (P<0.05). Expression of Bmi-1 protein in gallbladder carcinoma was correlated with tumor differentiation and stage (P<0.05). Expression level of Bmi-1 in GBC-SD-Bmi1-si RNA was significantly lower than that in GBC-SD-Bmi1-NC and GBC-SD cells. The apoptosis rate of GBC-SD-Bmi1-si RNA cells was significantly higher than that of the two control groups. Compared with the control groups, the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in GBC-SD-Bmi1-si RNA cells decreased, while the expression of proapoptotic protein Bax and caspase 3 increased, and the expression levels of cyclin D1 and CDK2 decreased. Positive expression rate of Bmi-1 protein in gallbladder carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in normal gallbladder tissue. Following inhibition of the expression of Bmi-1 in gallbladder cancer cell line GBC-SD, the growth cycle of cancer cells was prolonged and apoptotic rate increased. The results showed that a decreased expression of cyclin D1 and CDK2 may lead to delayed cell proliferation, decreased expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, increased expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and caspase 3, leading to increased apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Jiao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Weijiao Jiang
- Department of Rotation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Chunyang Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
| | - Dewang Su
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154000, P.R. China
| | - Haomin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
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Singh A, Jaiswal SS. Incidentally Detected Carcinoma Gallbladder in Patients Undergoing Cholecystectomy. Indian J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12262-017-1614-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Tsuchiya Y, Mishra K, Kapoor VK, Vishwakarma R, Behari A, Ikoma T, Asai T, Endoh K, Nakamura K. Plasma Helicobacter pylori Antibody Titers and Helicobacter pylori Infection Positivity Rates in Patients with Gallbladder
Cancer or Cholelithiasis: a Hospital-Based Case-Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:1911-1915. [PMID: 30051672 PMCID: PMC6165657 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.7.1911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Gallbladder cancer is the commonest gastrointestinal cancer in northern Indian women. Some studies
have examined the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and gallbladder cancer risk, but findings have been
inconsistent. We aimed to examine the association between H. pylori infection and gallbladder cancer in Indian people.
Materials and Methods: We conducted a hospital-based case-control study including 100 gallbladder cancer patients
with gallstones who were 32 to 79 years old (cases; 72 women and 28 men), and 100 cholelithiasis patients aged 14 to
75 years (controls; 65 women and 35 men). All patients had a diagnosis of gallbladder cancer or cholelithiasis at the
Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences in Lucknow having a high gallbladder cancer incidence
in northern India, from May 2014 through July 2017. Plasma samples were collected from all patients before surgical
treatment. Plasma H. pylori antibody titer was measured by the latex agglutination method and an autoanalyzer. H.
pylori infection was defined as antibody titer ≥10 U/mL. Plasma antibody titers and H. pylori infection positivity rates
were compared between cases and controls. Results: Mean plasma antibody titers (standard deviation, range) were
11.1 U/mL (11.6, 0–78) in cases and 13.6 U/mL (23.0, 1–164) in controls. H. pylori infection positivity rates were
41% and 42% in cases and controls, respectively. No significant differences in antibody titers or H. pylori infection
positivity rates were found between cases and controls. Conclusions: We found no evidence of H. pylori infection as
an important risk factor for gallbladder cancer in Indian people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Tsuchiya
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
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Kikuchi K, Fukunaga S, Ide F, Hoshino M, Inoue H, Miyazaki Y, Li TJ, Kusama K. Primary intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the buccal mucosa: A case report and literature review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2018; 127:e61-e70. [PMID: 29941401 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the primary salivary glands is extremely rare. So far, only 11 cases of primary intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the oral cavity and major salivary glands have been reported. Two of those tumors arose in the floor of mouth, 7 in the tongue, and 2 in the major salivary glands. However, it has remained unclear whether these tumors are derived from mature salivary glands, and primary intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the buccal mucosa has not been reported previously. Here, we present the first documented case of primary intestinal-type adenocarcinoma arising in a minor salivary gland of the buccal mucosa. Histopathologically, the tumor resembled a well-differentiated or mucinous colonic adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were diffusely positive for AE1/AE3, CAM5.2, CK7, SATB2, β-catenin, p53, Ki-67, MUC2, and MUC5 AC. CK14 and CK20 were positive in some of the tumor cells. CDX2, CA19-9, SP-A, TTF-1, PSA, SMA, p63, and cyclin D1 were negative in the tumor cells. The tumor in the present case may have originated from salivary gland duct epithelium that underwent transformation to phenotypic intestinal-type epithelium. In this very rare case of primary intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the buccal mucosa, we considered diagnostic markers that could be indicative of mature salivary gland origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kikuchi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan; Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China.
| | - Shuichi Fukunaga
- Department of dental and oral surgery, Hanyu General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Fumio Ide
- Division of Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan
| | - Miyako Hoshino
- Division of Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan
| | - Harumi Inoue
- Division of Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyazaki
- Division of Basic Biology, Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tie-Jun Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Kaoru Kusama
- Division of Pathology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan
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Sidhanth C, Manasa P, Krishnapriya S, Sneha S, Bindhya S, Nagare R, Garg M, Ganesan T. A systematic understanding of signaling by ErbB2 in cancer using phosphoproteomics. Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 96:295-305. [DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2017-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ErbB2 is an important receptor tyrosine kinase and a member of the ErbB family. Although it does not have a specific ligand, it transmits signals downstream by heterodimerization with other receptors in the family. It plays a major role in a variety of cellular responses like proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion. ErbB2 is amplified at the DNA level in breast cancer (20%–30%) and gastric cancer (10%–20%), and trastuzumab is effective as a therapeutic antibody. This review is a critical analysis of the currently published data on the signaling pathways of ErbB2 and the interacting proteins. It also focuses on the techniques that are currently available to evaluate the entire phosphoproteome following activation of ErbB2. Identification of new and relevant phosphoproteins can not only serve as new therapeutic targets but also as a surrogate marker in patients to assess the activity of compounds that inhibit ErbB2. Overall, such analysis will improve understanding of signaling by ErbB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Sidhanth
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
| | - P. Manasa
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
| | - S. Krishnapriya
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
| | - S. Sneha
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
| | - S. Bindhya
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
| | - R.P. Nagare
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
| | - M. Garg
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
| | - T.S. Ganesan
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
- Laboratory for Cancer Biology, Departments of Medical Oncology and Clinical Research, Cancer Institute (WIA), 38 Sardar Patel Road Guindy, Chennai-600036, India
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Sankar PS, Thilak SA, Nayak P, Tripathy JP, Satheesan B, Rajitha AV. Osteonecrosis of the Jaw among Patients Receiving Antiresorptive Medication: A 4-year Retrospective Study at a Tertiary Cancer Center, Kerala, India. Contemp Clin Dent 2018; 9:35-40. [PMID: 29599581 PMCID: PMC5863406 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_696_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) is a rare but complicated side effect of antiresorptive medications. The aim of the study is to evaluate the dental and drug-related factors related to ONJ among patients on these drugs at a tertiary cancer center, India. Methodology: A retrospective record review of patients who received antiresorptive medication at our center from 2011 to 2014 was done. The demographic factors, type, dosage, and duration of the medication and dental history were collected, and the data were entered an analyzed using Epidata software. Results: A higher incidence of ONJ (8.1%) was noted in our sample (n = 183). Dental intervention after zoledronic acid (ZA) administration showed a statistical significance (P < 0.001). No significance (P value) was noted with respect to sex (0.78), age (0.28), median duration (0.9), and median dosage (0.9) of ZA. Conclusion: Oro-dental screening and dental monitoring shall reduce the incidence of ONJ. Within the limitations of our study, no significant relation could be pointed toward the dosage and duration of the drug and development of ONJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramod S Sankar
- Department of Dentistry and Rehabilitation, Malabar Cancer Centre. Kannur, Kerla, India
| | - S A Thilak
- Department of Community Medicine, Kannur Medical College, Kannur, Kerla, India
| | - P Nayak
- Academy for Public Health, Department of Operational Research, Calicut, Kerala, India
| | - J P Tripathy
- The Union South East Asia Office, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, New Delhi, India
| | - B Satheesan
- Director, Malabar Cancer Centre, Thalassery, Kerala, India
| | - A V Rajitha
- Community Health Centre, Kannur, Kerala, India
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Harford JB, Edwards BK, Nandakumar A, Ndom P, Capocaccia R, Coleman MP. Cancer control-planning and monitoring population-based systems. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 95:568-78. [DOI: 10.1177/030089160909500501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a growing global health issue, and many countries are ill-prepared to deal with their current cancer burden let alone the increased burden looming on the horizon. Growing and aging populations are projected to result in dramatic increases in cancer cases and cancer deaths particularly in low- and middle-income countries. It is imperative that planning begin now to deal not only with those cancers already occurring but also with the larger numbers expected in the future. Unfortunately, such planning is hampered, because the magnitude of the burden of cancer in many countries is poorly understood owing to lack of surveillance and monitoring systems for cancer risk factors and for the documentation of cancer incidence, survival and mortality. Moreover, the human resources needed to fight cancer effectively are often limited or lacking. Cancer diagnosis and cancer care services are also inadequate in low-and middle-income countries. Late-stage presentation of cancers is very common in these settings resulting in less potential for cure and more need for symptom management. Palliative care services are grossly inadequate in low- and middle-income countries, and many cancer patients die unnecessarily painful deaths. Many of the challenges faced by low- and middle-income countries have been at least partially addressed by higher income countries. Experiences from around the world are reviewed to highlight the issues and showcase some possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul Ndom
- Oncology Service, General Hospital of Yaounde, Yaounde, Camaroon
| | | | - Michel P Coleman
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Talwar V, Raina S, Goel V, C. Doval D. Gemcitabine and cisplatin in inoperable, loco-regionally advanced and metastatic gallbladder cancer: A study from Northern India cancer institute. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEPATOBILIARY AND PANCREATIC DISEASES 2017. [DOI: 10.5348/ijhpd-2016-63-oa-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Aims: The primary objective of this study was to determine the response rates of the gemcitabine and cisplatin combination chemotherapy in treatment naive patients with inoperable gall bladder cancer. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the toxicity, progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival.
Materials and Methods: Treatment naive patients with histologically proven inoperable gallbladder cancer treated with gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy between March 2010 and December 2014 were included in this retrospective study. The dose of gemcitabine and cisplatin was 1 g/m2 on day 1 and 8, and 75 mg/m2 on day 1, in a 21-day cycle respectively. Computed tomography scan was used for response assessment.
Results: There were 32 men and 59 women with a median age of 52 years (range 30–67 years). Of the 91 patients, 9 (9.9%) patients achieved a complete response and 41 (45.1%) patients achieved a partial response for an overall response rate of 55%. The median number of chemotherapy cycles administered were 6 (range 1–9). The median progression free survival (PFS) was 5.4 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.9–7.9 months], with one year survival rate of 34.1%. Common toxicity criteria grade 3 or 4 anemia was seen in 4 (4.4%) and 2 (2.2%) patients respectively. Grade 3 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia was observed in 10 (10.9%) and 9 (9.9%) patients respectively.
Conclusion: The combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin is active in advanced gallbladder carcinoma with mild toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Talwar
- MD, DM, Senior Consultant and Unit Head, Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi (India)
| | - Shubhra Raina
- MBBS, Medical Officer, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi (India)
| | - Varun Goel
- MD, DNB, Consultant Medical Oncologist, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi (India)
| | - Dinesh C. Doval
- MD, Senior Consultant and Unit Head, Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi (India)
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Mhatre S, Wang Z, Nagrani R, Badwe R, Chiplunkar S, Mittal B, Yadav S, Zhang H, Chung CC, Patil P, Chanock S, Dikshit R, Chatterjee N, Rajaraman P. Common genetic variation and risk of gallbladder cancer in India: a case-control genome-wide association study. Lancet Oncol 2017; 18:535-544. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(17)30167-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Walsh JJ, Lenes JM, Weisberg RH, Zheng L, Hu C, Fanning KA, Snyder R, Smith J. More surprises in the global greenhouse: Human health impacts from recent toxic marine aerosol formations, due to centennial alterations of world-wide coastal food webs. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 116:9-40. [PMID: 28111002 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Reductions of zooplankton biomasses and grazing pressures were observed during overfishing-induced trophic cascades and concurrent oil spills at global scales. Recent phytoplankton increments followed, once Fe-, P-, and N-nutrient limitations of commensal diazotrophs and dinoflagellates were also eliminated by respective human desertification, deforestation, and eutrophication during climate changes. Si-limitation of diatoms instead ensued during these last anthropogenic perturbations of agricultural effluents and sewage loadings. Consequently, ~15% of total world-wide annual asthma trigger responses, i.e. amounting to ~45 million adjacent humans during 2004, resulted from brevetoxin and palytoxin poisons in aerosol forms of western boundary current origins. They were denoted by greater global harmful algal bloom [HAB] abundances and breathing attacks among sea-side children during prior decadal surveys of asthma prevalence, compiled here in ten paired shelf ecosystems of western and eutrophied boundary currents. Since 1965, such inferred onshore fluxes of aerosolized DOC poisons of HABs may have served as additional wind-borne organic carriers of toxic marine MeHg, phthalate, and DDT/DDE vectors, traced by radio-iodine isotopes to potentially elicit carcinomas. During these exchanges, as much as 40% of mercury poisonings may instead have been effected by inhalation of collateral HAB-carried marine neurotoxic aerosols of MeHg, not just from eating marine fish. Health impacts in some areas were additional asthma and pneumonia episodes, as well as endocrine disruptions among the same adjacent humans, with known large local rates of thyroid cancers, physician-diagnosed pulmonary problems, and ubiquitous high indices of mercury in hair, pesticides in breast milk, and phthalates in urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Walsh
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersberg, FL 33701, United States.
| | - J M Lenes
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersberg, FL 33701, United States
| | - R H Weisberg
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersberg, FL 33701, United States
| | - L Zheng
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersberg, FL 33701, United States
| | - C Hu
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersberg, FL 33701, United States
| | - K A Fanning
- College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersberg, FL 33701, United States
| | - R Snyder
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science Eastern Shore Laboratory, Wachapreague, VA 23480, United States
| | - J Smith
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, United States
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Gupta M, Khanna S, Kumar M, Kar AG, Gupta SK. Epidemiological Study of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients in North Indian Population: a Hospital-Based Study. Indian J Surg Oncol 2017; 8:279-283. [DOI: 10.1007/s13193-017-0642-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Nandakumar A, Nandakumar A. Survival in Head and Neck Cancers - Results of A Multi- Institution Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 17:1745-54. [PMID: 27221826 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.4.1745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prime output of Hospital Based Cancer Registries is stage and treatment based survival to evaluate patient care, but because of challenges of obtaining follow-up details a separate study on Patterns of Care and Survival for selected sites was initiated under the National Cancer Registry Programme of India. The results of stage and treatment based survival for head and neck cancers by individual organ sites are presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS A standardized Patient Information Form recorded the details and entered on-line at www.hbccrindia.org to a central repository - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research. Cases from 12 institutions diagnosed between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2008 comprised the study subjects. The patterns of treatment were examined for 14053 and survival for 4773 patients from five institutions who reported at least 70% follow-up as of 31 December 2012. RESULTS Surgical treatment with radiation for cancer tongue and mouth showed five year cumulative survival (FCS) of 67.5% and 60.4% respectively for locally advanced stage. Chemo-radiation compared to radiation alone showed better survival benefit of around 15% in both oro and hypo-pharyngeal cancers and their FCS was 40.0%; Hazard Ratio (HR):1.5;CI=1.2-1.9) and 38.7%; (HR):1.7; CI=1.3-2.2). CONCLUSIONS The awareness about the requirement of concurrent chemo-radiation in specifically cancers of the oro and hypopharynx has to be promoted in developing countries. The annual (2014) estimate number of new Head and Neck cancers with locally advanced disease in India is around 140,000 and 91,000 (65%) patients do not receive the benefit of optimal treatment with ensuing poorer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambakumar Nandakumar
- Chief Principal Investigator, Patterns of Cancer Care and Survival Studies Group, National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, (ICMR), Bangalore India E-mail : ,
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Sharma SK, Soneja M, Ranjan S. Malignancies in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients in India: Initial experience in the HAART era. Indian J Med Res 2016; 142:563-7. [PMID: 26658591 PMCID: PMC4743343 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.171283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Limited data are available on malignancies in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients from India. We undertook this study to assess the frequency and spectrum of malignancies in HIV-infected adult patients during the first eight years of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) rollout under the National ART Programme at a tertiary care centre in New Delhi, India. Methods: Retrospective analysis of records of patients registered at the ART clinic between May 2005 and December 2013 was done. Results: The study included 2598 HIV-infected adult patients with 8315 person-years of follow up. Malignancies were diagnosed in 26 patients with a rate of 3.1 (IQR 2.1-4.5) cases per 1000 person-years. The median age for those diagnosed with malignancy was 45 (IQR 36-54) yr, which was significantly (P<0.01) higher compared with those not developing malignancies 35 (IQR 30-40) yr. The median baseline CD4+ T-cell count in patients with malignancy was 135 (IQR 68-269) cells/µl compared to 164 (IQR 86-243) cells/µl in those without malignancies. AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs) were seen in 19 (73%) patients, while non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs) were observed in seven (27%) patients. Malignancies diagnosed included non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (16), carcinoma cervix (3), Hodgkin's lymphoma (2), carcinoma lung (2), hepatocellular carcinoma (1), and urinary bladder carcinoma (1). One patient had primary central nervous system lymphoma. There was no case of Kaposi's sarcoma. Interpretation & conclusions: Malignancies in HIV-infected adult patients were infrequent in patients attending the clinic. Majority of the patients presented with advanced immunosuppression and the ADCs, NHL in particular, were the commonest malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surendra K Sharma
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Singh A, Mishra PK, Saluja SS, Talikoti MA, Kirtani P, Najmi AK. Prognostic Significance of HER-2 and p53 Expression in Gallbladder Carcinoma in North Indian Patients. Oncology 2016; 91:354-360. [PMID: 27784017 DOI: 10.1159/000450999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Proto-oncogenes (HER-2) and tumor suppressor genes (p53) are commonly deregulated in gallbladder cancer (GBC). Available literature discloses skewed data from endemic Asian countries, especially north India. This study evaluates the prognostic significance of HER-2 and p53 in GBC patients from two major hospitals. METHODS Sixty resectable tumor and control specimens were prospectively collected from December 2012 to January 2016. Immunohistochemical staining was done using monoclonal antibodies to semiquantitatively evaluate HER-2 and p53 protein expression. The criterion for HER-2 positivity was set at >30% tumor cells showing complete, membranous staining while p53 positivity was established at <50% tumor cells showing complete nuclear staining. Clinicopathological correlations were drawn with major clinical outcomes. RESULTS It was observed that 36.67% (22/60) tumor cases and 5% (3/60) control cases showed strong HER-2 overexpression significantly correlating with sex, T-stage, nodal spread and distant metastasis (p < 0.05), while 33.3% (20/60) positivity was observed for p53 in tumor cases and 1.7% (1/60) in control cases. Multivariate analysis showed HER-2 (p = 0.04; hazard ratio: 2.36; 95% confidence interval: 1.04-5.33) and p53 (p = 0.03; hazard ratio: 5.63; 95% confidence interval: 1.21-26.26) expression to be independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSION Our study thus suggests the plausible role of HER-2 and p53 expression in worse prognosis of GBC in a north Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Nandakumar A, Rath GK, Kataki AC, Bapsy PP, Gupta PC, Gangadharan P, Mahajan RC, Bandyopadhyay MN, Swamy K, Vallikad E, Visweswara RN, Roselind FS, Sathishkumar K, Kumar DDV, Jain A, Sudarshan KL. Decreased Survival With Mastectomy Vis-à-Vis Breast-Conserving Surgery in Stage II and III Breast Cancers: A Comparative Treatment Effectiveness Study. J Glob Oncol 2016; 3:304-313. [PMID: 28831438 PMCID: PMC5560451 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.2016.004614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The primary purpose of hospital-based cancer registries is assessing patient care. Clinical stage–based survival and treatment-based survival are some of the key parameters for such assessment. Because of the challenges in obtaining follow-up parameters, a separate study on patterns of care and survival was undertaken by the Indian National Cancer Registry Program. The results for cancer of the female breast are presented here. Patients and Methods Data abstracted in a standardized patient information form were transmitted online to a central repository. Treatment patterns were assessed for 9,903 patients diagnosed between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2008, from 13 institutions. Survival analysis was restricted to 7,609 patients from nine institutions wherein follow-up details (as of December 31, 2012) were available for at least 60% of patients. Results The overall 5-year survival rates with breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and mastectomy (MS) were 94.0% and 85.8%, respectively, for stage II disease (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.8 to 3.2) and 87.1% and 69.0%, respectively, for stage III disease (hazard ratio, 2.82; 95% CI, 2.2 to 3.7). Patients who had MS did better with systemic therapy (chemotherapy and/or hormone therapy), whereas patients with BCS required just local radiation therapy to achieve best survival. Conclusion This observational study in the natural setting of care of patients with cancer in India showed significantly decreased survival with MS when compared with BCS. The reasons for lower survival with MS and the biologic or scientific rationale of the necessity of systemic therapy to achieve optimal survival in patients undergoing MS but not in those with BCS need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambakumar Nandakumar
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Goura Kishor Rath
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Amal Chandra Kataki
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - P Poonamalle Bapsy
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Prakash C Gupta
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Paleth Gangadharan
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Ramesh C Mahajan
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Manas Nath Bandyopadhyay
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Kumara Swamy
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Elizabeth Vallikad
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Rudrapatna N Visweswara
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Francis Selvaraj Roselind
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Krishnan Sathishkumar
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Dampilla Daniel Vijay Kumar
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Ankush Jain
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Kondalli Lakshminarayana Sudarshan
- , , , , , , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St John's Medical College; , International Medical School-MS Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
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Pun CB, Pradhananga KK, Siwakoti B, Subedi K, Moore MA. Malignant Neoplasm Burden in Nepal - Data from the Seven Major Cancer Service Hospitals for 2012. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:8659-63. [PMID: 26745133 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.18.8659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In Nepal, while no population based cancer registry program exists to assess the incidence, prevalence, morbidity and mortality of cancer, at the national level a number of hospital based cancer registries are cooperating to provide relevant data. Seven major cancer diagnosis and treatment hospitals are involved, including the BP Koirala Memorial Cancer hospital, supported by WHO-Nepal since 2003. The present retrospective analysis of cancer patients of all age groups was conducted to assess the frequencies of different types of cancer presenting from January 1st to December 31st 2012. A total of 7,212 cancer cases were registered, the mean age of the patients being 51.9 years. The most prevalent age group in males was 60-64 yrs (13.6%), while in females it was 50-54 yrs (12.8%). The commonest forms of cancer in males were bronchus and lung (17.6%) followed by stomach (7.3%), larynx (5.2%) and non Hodgkins lymphoma (4.5%). In females, cervix uteri (19.1%) and breast (16.3%), were the top ranking cancer sites followed by bronchus and lung (10.2%), ovary (6.1%) and stomach (3.8%). The present data provide an update of the cancer burden in Nepal and highlight the relatively young age of breast and cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin Bahadur Pun
- Executive Director, BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal E-mail :
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Godbole SV, Nandy K, Gauniyal M, Nalawade P, Sane S, Koyande S, Toyama J, Hegde A, Virgo P, Bhatia K, Paranjape RS, Risbud AR, Mbulaiteye SM, Mitsuyasu RT. HIV and cancer registry linkage identifies a substantial burden of cancers in persons with HIV in India. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4850. [PMID: 27631245 PMCID: PMC5402588 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We utilized computerized record-linkage methods to link HIV and cancer databases with limited unique identifiers in Pune, India, to determine feasibility of linkage and obtain preliminary estimates of cancer risk in persons living with HIV (PLHIV) as compared with the general population.Records of 32,575 PLHIV were linked to 31,754 Pune Cancer Registry records (1996-2008) using a probabilistic-matching algorithm. Cancer risk was estimated by calculating standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) in the early (4-27 months after HIV registration), late (28-60 months), and overall (4-60 months) incidence periods. Cancers diagnosed prior to or within 3 months of HIV registration were considered prevalent.Of 613 linked cancers to PLHIV, 188 were prevalent, 106 early incident, and 319 late incident. Incident cancers comprised 11.5% AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs), including cervical cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but not Kaposi sarcoma (KS), and 88.5% non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs). Risk for any incident cancer diagnosis in early, late, and combined periods was significantly elevated among PLHIV (SIRs: 5.6 [95% CI 4.6-6.8], 17.7 [95% CI 15.8-19.8], and 11.5 [95% CI 10-12.6], respectively). Cervical cancer risk was elevated in both incidence periods (SIRs: 9.6 [95% CI 4.8-17.2] and 22.6 [95% CI 14.3-33.9], respectively), while NHL risk was elevated only in the late incidence period (SIR: 18.0 [95% CI 9.8-30.20]). Risks for NADCs were dramatically elevated (SIR > 100) for eye-orbit, substantially (SIR > 20) for all-mouth, esophagus, breast, unspecified-leukemia, colon-rectum-anus, and other/unspecified cancers; moderately elevated (SIR > 10) for salivary gland, penis, nasopharynx, and brain-nervous system, and mildly elevated (SIR > 5) for stomach. Risks for 6 NADCs (small intestine, testis, lymphocytic leukemia, prostate, ovary, and melanoma) were not elevated and 5 cancers, including multiple myeloma not seen.Our study demonstrates the feasibility of using probabilistic record-linkage to study cancer/other comorbidities among PLHIV in India and provides preliminary population-based estimates of cancer risks in PLHIV in India. Our results, suggesting a potentially substantial burden and slightly different spectrum of cancers among PLHIV in India, support efforts to conduct multicenter linkage studies to obtain precise estimates and to monitor cancer risk in PLHIV in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheela V. Godbole
- National AIDS Research Institute (ICMR), Pune, India
- Correspondence: Sheela V. Godbole, National AIDS Research Institute-ICMR, 73, G Block, MIDC Bhosari, Pune 411026, India (e-mail: , )
| | - Karabi Nandy
- School of Nursing and Department Of Biostatistics University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), USA
| | | | | | - Suvarna Sane
- National AIDS Research Institute (ICMR), Pune, India
| | - Shravani Koyande
- Mumbai (Bombay) Cancer Registry, Indian Cancer Society, Mumbai, India
| | - Joy Toyama
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), USA
| | - Asha Hegde
- Maharashtra State AIDS Control Society, Mumbai, India
| | - Phil Virgo
- Computer Services Corporation, Rockville
| | - Kishor Bhatia
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | | | - Sam M. Mbulaiteye
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ronald T. Mitsuyasu
- University of California, Centre for AIDS Research and Education, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles (UCLA), USA
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Pandey D, Garg PK, Manjunath NML, Sharma J. Extra-Hepatic Bile Duct Resection: an Insight in the Management of Gallbladder Cancer. J Gastrointest Cancer 2016; 46:291-6. [PMID: 26049726 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-015-9737-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Involvement of extrahepatic bile duct in gallbladder cancer (GBC) is considered a sign of advanced disease; resection of extrahepatic bile duct in GBC has been a contentious issue considering the poor prognosis of the disease. METHODS This retrospective study was done in two tertiary teaching hospitals of North India. The case records of all the GBC patients who underwent radical cholecystectomy with extra-hepatic bile duct resection were reviewed. Details concerning the clinical presentation, preoperative therapy, operative procedure, indication of bile duct resection, postoperative complications and outcome were retrieved from the case records. Kaplan-Meier analysis was done to estimate median disease-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS There were 17 GBC patients who underwent radical cholecystectomy with resection of extrahepatic bile duct. Median age of the patients was 51 years (range 35-62); male to female ratio was 5:12. Six patients were diagnosed after histopathological examination of resected gallbladder specimen following cholecystectomy (incidental gallbladder cancer). All the patients had R'0' resection. The indication for extra-hepatic bile duct resection was direct infiltration of hepatoduodenal ligament in nine, positive cystic duct margin in two, densely adherent pericholedochal lymphnodes in one and associated ampullary growth in one patient. Kaplan-Meier analysis predicted median disease-free survival of 20 months and median overall survival of 26 months. CONCLUSION Extrahepatic bile duct resection to achieve R'0' resection in the management of advanced gallbladder cancer is safe with acceptable postoperative morbidity and has potential to improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgatosh Pandey
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India, 110029,
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Rana C, Krishnani N, Kumari N. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology of gallbladder lesions: a study of 596 cases. Cytopathology 2016; 27:398-406. [PMID: 26990137 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is not a commonly performed procedure for gallbladder lesions for fear of causing biliary peritonitis; hence data on gallbladder cytology is scarce. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the diagnostic application of ultrasound-guided (US) FNA cytology in the pre-operative diagnosis of neoplastic as well as non-neoplastic lesions of the gallbladder and to review the cytomorphological spectrum of gallbladder lesions encountered along with various diagnostic difficulties that can arise during reporting. METHODS The study was carried out on 596 patients with gallbladder lesions in whom US-guided FNA was performed over a 5-year period. In 130 cases, simultaneous aspirations from other organs were done. The histological correlation was available in 32 cases. No major complications such as haemorrhage, peritonitis, etc. were encountered related to the procedure. RESULTS The majority were mass lesions whereas in 73 cases (12.2%) only focal or diffuse gallbladder wall thickening was present. Cytological examination of 596 cases revealed malignancy in 462 (77.6%), 26 (4.4%) suspicious of malignancy, 23 (3.8%) inflammatory lesion, 29 negative (4.8%) and 56 cases showed necrosis only or were inadequate for any definite opinion. The lesions diagnosed on FNA cytology included carcinoma (predominantly adenocarcinoma), xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC), acute suppurative inflammation and tuberculosis. Of 26 with adequate cytology, 24 were accurate with respect to malignant (including one suspicious FNA) versus benign: one false positive and one false negative both involved xanthogranulomatous change. CONCLUSION The present study is the largest series evaluating the role of US-guided FNA in the diagnosis of gallbladder lesions. It is a safe, rapid, reliable, cost-effective and reasonably accurate method for diagnosing gallbladder lesions. FNA should always be attempted in cases with a mass lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rana
- Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - N Krishnani
- Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - N Kumari
- Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
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Chaturvedi M, Vaitheeswaran K, Satishkumar K, Das P, Stephen S, Nandakumar A. Time Trends in Breast Cancer Among Indian Women Population: An Analysis of Population Based Cancer Registry Data. Indian J Surg Oncol 2015; 6:427-34. [PMID: 27065669 PMCID: PMC4809853 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-015-0467-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The trends observed in cancer breast among Indian women are an indication of effect of changing lifestyle in population. To draw an appropriate inference regarding the trends of a particular type of cancer in a country, it is imperative to glance at the reliable data collected by Population Based Cancer Registries over a period of time. OBJECTIVE To give an insight of changing trends of breast cancer which have taken place over a period of time among women in Cancer Registries of India. Breast Cancer trends for invasive breast cancer in women in Indian Registries have varied during the selected period. Occurrence of breast cancers has also shown geographical variation in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS This data was collected by means of a 'Standard Core Proforma' designed by NCRP conforming to the data fields as suggested by International norms. The Proforma was filled by trained Registry workers based on interview/ hospital medical records/ supplementing data by inputs from treating surgeons/radiation oncologists/involved physicians/pathologists. The contents of the Proforma are entered into specifically created software and transmitted electronically to the coordinating center at Bangalore. The registries contributing to more number of years of data are called as older registries, while other recently established registries are called newer registries. RESULTS While there has been an increase recorded in breast cancer in most of the registries, some of them have recorded an insignificant increase. Comparison of Age Adjusted Rates (AARs) among Indian Registries has been carried out after which trends observed in populations covered by Indian Registries are depicted. A variation in broad age groups of females and the proneness of females developing breast cancer over the period 1982 to 2010 has been shown. Comparisons of Indian registries with International counterparts have also been carried out. CONCLUSIONS There are marked changes in incidence rates of cancer breast which have occurred in respective registries in a developing country like India. A steady increase in AARs in most of the registries of India including the newly established registries is indicative of the fact that cancer breast poses a threat to women in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meesha Chaturvedi
- National Cancer Registry Programme, National Center for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7 (Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL), Kannamangala Post Bangalore, Bangalore, 562 110 Karnataka India
| | - K. Vaitheeswaran
- National Cancer Registry Programme, National Center for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7 (Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL), Kannamangala Post Bangalore, Bangalore, 562 110 Karnataka India
| | - K. Satishkumar
- National Cancer Registry Programme, National Center for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7 (Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL), Kannamangala Post Bangalore, Bangalore, 562 110 Karnataka India
| | - Priyanka Das
- National Cancer Registry Programme, National Center for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7 (Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL), Kannamangala Post Bangalore, Bangalore, 562 110 Karnataka India
| | - S. Stephen
- National Cancer Registry Programme, National Center for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7 (Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL), Kannamangala Post Bangalore, Bangalore, 562 110 Karnataka India
| | - A. Nandakumar
- National Cancer Registry Programme, National Center for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7 (Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL), Kannamangala Post Bangalore, Bangalore, 562 110 Karnataka India
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Kakaei F, Beheshtirouy S, Nejatollahi SM, Zarrintan S, Mafi MR. Surgical treatment of gallbladder carcinoma: a critical review. Updates Surg 2015; 67:339-51. [PMID: 26563387 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-015-0328-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gallbladder carcinoma is a relatively uncommon cancer of gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Medical literature is full of nihilistic reports about the treatment of gallbladder carcinoma, especially due to its resistance to current radiotherapeutic or chemotherapeutic treatment modalities and difficult surgical approach for complete resection of these tumors. Herein, we review current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to this rare GI cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Kakaei
- Section of Organ Transplantation, Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of General & Vascular Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samad Beheshtirouy
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sina Zarrintan
- Department of General & Vascular Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Mafi
- Department of General & Vascular Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Ali A, Mishra PK, Sharma S, Arora A, Saluja SS. Effects of PTEN gene alteration in patients with gallbladder cancer. Cancer Genet 2015; 208:587-94. [PMID: 26586294 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive malignancy usually diagnosed in an advanced stage. We investigated the effects of alterations of the phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) gene on the occurrence and development of GBC, which has not been previously reported. A total 141 cases of GBC were analyzed for mutation, expression, and methylation across the nine exons of the PTEN gene. DNA sequencing methods were applied for mutation detection, whereas protein expression and methylation status were evaluated by immunohistochemical and methylation-specific PCR analysis, respectively. Novel PTEN mutations were observed in 6.3% of cases (9/141), and they included two silent mutations. In mutant cases, according to changes in codons, the respective amino acid sequences were also changed, which caused of proteins. A high percentage (72%) of loss of protein expression was observed more often in cases than in control samples. Interestingly, all nine cases with mutations showed loss of PTEN expression, whereas four of these nine cases showed positive promoter methylation. Hypermethylation was significantly more common in older patients than in younger ones (P<0.02). These findings suggest that PTEN mutations and inactivation may play an important role in the development and progression of gallbladder carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asgar Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Mishra
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, G.B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sadhana Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Patna, India
| | - Asit Arora
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, G.B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Nandakumar A, Kishor Rath G, Chandra Kataki A, Poonamalle Bapsy P, Gupta PC, Gangadharan P, Mahajan RC, Nath Bandyopadhyay M, Kumaraswamy, Vallikad E, Visweswara RN, Selvaraj Roselind F, Sathishkumar K, Daniel Vijaykumar D, Jain A, Lakshminarayana Sudarshan K. Concurrent Chemoradiation for Cancer of the Cervix: Results of a Multi-Institutional Study From the Setting of a Developing Country (India). J Glob Oncol 2015; 1:11-22. [PMID: 28804767 PMCID: PMC5551651 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.2015.000877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The primary output of hospital-based cancer registries is data on cancer stage and treatment-based survival that can be used to evaluate patient care, but because there are many challenges in obtaining follow-up details, a separate study on patterns of care and patterns of survival for patients at selected sites was initiated under the National Cancer Registry Programme of India. This article presents the results for cervical cancer. Patients and Methods A standardized patient information form was used to record patient information, and data were entered into a central repository—the National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research. The study patients were from 12 institutions and were diagnosed between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2008. Patterns of treatment were assessed for 7,336 patients, and patterns of survival were determined for 2,669 patients from six institutions, at least 70% of whom had data regarding follow-up as of December 31, 2012. Results Of 7,336 patients, 55.5% received optimal radiotherapy (RT). In all, 80.9% of patients had locally advanced cancers (stage IIB to IVA), 51.1% received RT alone, and 44.4% received concurrent chemoradiation (RTCT). In 1,753 patients with locally advanced cancers, significantly better survival was observed with RTCT than with RT alone (5-year cumulative survival, 70.2% v 47.3%; hazard ratio, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.41 to 0.56). Conclusion A conservative estimate indicates that, on an annual basis, 38,771 patients with cervical cancers in India alone do not get the benefit of RTCT and thus they have poorer survival. There is a need to reiterate the National Cancer Institute's alert that advised supplementing chemotherapy to radiation for locally advanced cancer of the cervix in the context of the developing world, where 84.3% of cancers of the cervix occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambakumar Nandakumar
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Goura Kishor Rath
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Amal Chandra Kataki
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - P Poonamalle Bapsy
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Prakash C Gupta
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Paleth Gangadharan
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Ramesh C Mahajan
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Manas Nath Bandyopadhyay
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Kumaraswamy
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Elizabeth Vallikad
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Rudrapatna N Visweswara
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Francis Selvaraj Roselind
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Krishnan Sathishkumar
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Dampilla Daniel Vijaykumar
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Ankush Jain
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Kondalli Lakshminarayana Sudarshan
- , and , National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research; , Apollo Hospitals; , HealthCare Global-Bangalore Institute of Oncology; , St. John's Medical College; , International Medical School-M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bangalore; , Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; , Dr. B.B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati; , Healis-Sekhsaria Institute of Public Health, Navi Mumbai; , Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi; , Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; and , Cancer Centre Welfare Home and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
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Shukla HS, Sirohi B, Behari A, Sharma A, Majumdar J, Ganguly M, Tewari M, Kumar S, Saini S, Sahni P, Singh T, Kapoor VK, Sucharita V, Kaur T, Shukla DK, Rath GK. Indian Council of Medical Research consensus document for the management of gall bladder cancer. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2015; 36:79-84. [PMID: 26157282 PMCID: PMC4477381 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5851.158829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The document is based on consensus among the experts and best available evidence pertaining to Indian population and is meant for practice in India. All postcholecystectomy gallbladder specimens should be opened and examined carefully by the operating surgeon and be sent for histopathological examination. All “incidental” gall bladder cancers (GBCs) picked up on histopathological examination should have an expert opinion. Evaluation of a patient with early GBC should include essential tests: A computed tomography (CT) scan (multi-detector or helical) of the abdomen and pelvis for staging with a CT chest or chest X-ray, and complete blood counts, renal and liver function tests. magnetic resonance imaging/positron emission tomography (PET)-CT are not recommended for all patients. For early stage disease (up to Stage IVA), surgery is recommended. The need for adjuvant treatment would be guided by the histopathological analysis of the resected specimen. Patients with Stage IVB/metastatic disease must be assessed for palliative e.g. endoscopic or radiological intervention, chemotherapy versus best supportive care on an individual basis. These patients do not require extensive workup outside of a clinical trial setting. There is an urgent need for multicenter trials from India covering various aspects of epidemiology (viz., identification of population at high-risk, organized follow-up), clinical management (viz., bile spill during surgery, excision of all port sites, adjuvant/neoadjuvant therapy) and basic research (viz., what causes GBC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari Shankar Shukla
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Bhawna Sirohi
- Mazumdar Shaw Cancer Centre, Narayana Health, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Anu Behari
- Department of GI Surgery, SGPGI, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Atul Sharma
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jahar Majumdar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Manomoy Ganguly
- Department of Surgery, Army Hospital, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Mallika Tewari
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Saket Nagar, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Saini
- HIMS, Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Peush Sahni
- Department of GI Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tomcha Singh
- Department of Radiotherapy, RIMS, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | | | - V Sucharita
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanvir Kaur
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Goura Kishor Rath
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Deblakshmi RK, Deka M, Saikia AK, Sharma BK, Singh N, Das NN, Bose S. Prognostic Relevance of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) Expression in Patients with Gall Bladder Disease and Carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:2923-8. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.7.2923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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