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Rangamani S, Huliyappa D, Kulothungan V, Saravanan S, Murugan P, Mahadevan R, Rachel Packiaseeli C, Bobby E, Sunitha K, Mallick AK, Nayak SD, Swain SK, Behera M, Nath BK, Swami A, Kalwar AK, Difoesa B, Sardana V, Maheshwari D, Bhushan B, Mittal D, Chaurasia RN, Meena L, Vinay Urs KS, Koli RR, Suresh Kumar N, Mathur P. Stroke incidence, mortality, subtypes in rural and urban populations in five geographic areas of India (2018-2019): results from the National Stroke Registry Programme. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia 2024; 23:100308. [PMID: 38404513 PMCID: PMC10884975 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2023.100308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Background Increasing stroke burden in India demands a long-term stroke surveillance framework. Earlier studies in India were urban-based, short term and provided limited data on stroke incidence and its outcomes. This gap is addressed by the establishment of five population-based stroke registries (PBSRs) of the National Stroke Registry Programme, India. This paper describes stroke incidence, mortality and age, sex, and subtypes distribution in the five PBSRs with urban and rural populations. Methods First-ever incident stroke patients in age group ≥18 years, resident for at least one year in the defined geographic area, identified from health facilities were registered. Death records with stroke as the cause of death from the Civil Registration System (CRS) were included. Transient ischemic attack (TIA) was excluded. Three PBSRs (Cuttack, Tirunelveli, Cachar) included urban and rural populations. PBSRs in Kota and Varanasi were urban areas. The crude and age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) by age, sex, and residence (urban and rural), rate ratios of ASR, case fatality proportions and rates at day 28 after onset of stroke were calculated for years 2018-2019. Findings A total of 13,820 registered first-ever stroke cases that included 985 death certificate-only cases (DCOs) were analysed. The pooled crude incidence rate was 138.1 per 100,000 population with an age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of 103.4 (both sexes), 125.7 (males) and 80.8 (females). The risk of stroke among rural residents was one in seven (Cuttack), one in nine (Tirunelveli), and one in 15 (Cachar). Ischemic stroke was the most common type in all PBSRs. Age-standardized case fatality rates (ASCFR) per 100,000 population for pooled PBSRs was 30.0 (males) and 18.8 (females), and the rate ratio (M/F) ranged from 1.2 (Cuttack) to 2.0 (Cachar). Interpretation Population-based registries have provided a comprehensive stroke surveillance platform to measure stroke burden and outcomes by age, sex, residence and subtype across India. The rural-urban pattern of stroke incidence and mortality shall guide health policy and programme planning to strengthen stroke prevention and treatment measures in India. Funding The National Stroke Registry Programme is funded through the intramural funding of the Indian Council of Medical Research, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Rangamani
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, 562 110, India
| | - Deepadarshan Huliyappa
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, 562 110, India
| | - Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, 562 110, India
| | | | - P.K. Murugan
- Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, 627011, India
| | | | | | - Esakki Bobby
- Tirunelveli Medical College, Tirunelveli, 627011, India
| | | | - Ashok Kumar Mallick
- SCB Medical College & Hospital, Cuttack, Behera Colony, Mangalabag, Cuttack, Odisha, 753001, India
| | - Soumya Darshan Nayak
- SCB Medical College & Hospital, Cuttack, Behera Colony, Mangalabag, Cuttack, Odisha, 753001, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Swain
- SCB Medical College & Hospital, Cuttack, Behera Colony, Mangalabag, Cuttack, Odisha, 753001, India
| | - Manoranjan Behera
- SCB Medical College & Hospital, Cuttack, Behera Colony, Mangalabag, Cuttack, Odisha, 753001, India
| | - Bhaskar Kanti Nath
- Silchar Medical College, Beside Indian Post, Ghungoor, Masimpur, Silchar, Assam, 788014, India
| | - Abhijit Swami
- Silchar Medical College, Beside Indian Post, Ghungoor, Masimpur, Silchar, Assam, 788014, India
| | - Amit Kumar Kalwar
- Silchar Medical College, Beside Indian Post, Ghungoor, Masimpur, Silchar, Assam, 788014, India
| | - Bijush Difoesa
- Silchar Medical College, Beside Indian Post, Ghungoor, Masimpur, Silchar, Assam, 788014, India
| | - Vijay Sardana
- Govt Medical College, MBS Hospital, Nayapura, Kota, Rajasthan, 324001, India
| | - Dilip Maheshwari
- Govt Medical College, MBS Hospital, Nayapura, Kota, Rajasthan, 324001, India
| | - Bharat Bhushan
- Govt Medical College, MBS Hospital, Nayapura, Kota, Rajasthan, 324001, India
| | - Deepika Mittal
- Govt Medical College, MBS Hospital, Nayapura, Kota, Rajasthan, 324001, India
| | - Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - L.P. Meena
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - K S Vinay Urs
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, 562 110, India
| | - Rahul Rajendra Koli
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, 562 110, India
| | - Natesan Suresh Kumar
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, 562 110, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, II Floor of Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, 562 110, India
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Seenappa K, Kulothungan V, Mohan R, Mathur P. District-Wise Heterogeneity in Blood Pressure Measurements, Prehypertension, Raised Blood Pressure, and Their Determinants Among Indians: National Family Health Survey-5. Int J Public Health 2024; 69:1606766. [PMID: 38562553 PMCID: PMC10982880 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.1606766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of ever-measured blood pressure, prehypertension, and raised blood pressure at national, state and district levels in India. Methods: We analysed data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), on 743,067 adults aged 18-54 years. The sample consisted of 87.6% females and 12.4% males. We estimated prevalence rates and determined adjusted odds ratios for various dependent variables related to blood pressure. Geographical variations were visualized on the map of India, and multivariate logistic regression was employed at state and district levels, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The prevalence of ever-measured blood pressure varied widely, from 30.3% to 98.5% across districts, with southern and northern regions showing higher rates. Prehypertension affected 33.7% of the population, with varying prevalence across districts. Raised blood pressure was there in 15.9%, with notably higher rates in southern region (16.8%). Determinants included age, gender, education, wealth, lifestyle, obesity, and blood glucose levels. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the subnational variations in blood pressure, can guide evidence-based interventions at the state and district level, towards reducing the burden of raised blood pressure and enhancing overall population health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Prashant Mathur
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (ICMR-NCDIR), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Al-Lawati JA, Al-Raddadi R, Al Asfoor D, Al Hourani HM, Al Qaoud NM, Alarouj M, AlBuhairan F, AlDhukair S, Aldwairji MA, Alexius S, Ali MM, Alieva AV, Alkandari A, Alkerwi A, Alkhatib BM, Allin K, Alomary SA, Alomirah HF, Alshangiti AM, Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Aly E, Amarapurkar DN, Amiano Etxezarreta P, Amoah J, Amougou N, Amouyel P, Andersen LB, Anderssen SA, Androutsos O, Ängquist L, Anjana RM, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Anufrieva E, Aounallah-Skhiri H, Araújo J, Ariansen I, Aris T, Arku RE, Arlappa N, Aryal KK, Assefa N, Aspelund T, Assah FK, Assembekov B, Assunção MCF, Aung MS, Aurélio de Valois CJM, Auvinen J, Avdičová M, Avi S, Azad K, Azevedo A, Azimi-Nezhad M, Azizi F, Babu BV, Bacopoulou F, Bæksgaard Jørgensen M, Baharudin A, Bahijri S, Bajramovic I, Bakacs M, Balakrishna N, Balanova Y, Bamoshmoosh M, Banach M, Banegas JR, Baran J, Baran R, Barbagallo CM, Barbosa Filho V, Barceló A, Baretić M, Barnoya J, Barrera L, Barreto M, Barros AJD, Barros MVG, Bartosiewicz A, Basit A, Bastos JL, 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Buoncristiano M, Burazeri G, Burns C, Cabrera de León A, Cacciottolo J, Cai H, Cama T, Cameron C, Camolas J, Can G, Cândido APC, Cañete F, Capanzana MV, Čapková N, Capuano E, Capuano R, Capuano V, Cardol M, Cardoso VC, Carlsson AC, Carmuega E, Carvalho J, Casajús JA, Casanueva FF, Casas M, Celikcan E, Censi L, Cervantes-Loaiza M, Cesar JA, Chamnan P, Chamukuttan S, Chan A, Chan Q, Charchar FJ, Charles MA, Chaturvedi HK, Chaturvedi N, Che Abdul Rahim N, Chee ML, Chen CJ, Chen F, Chen H, Chen LS, Chen S, Chen Z, Cheng CY, Cheng YJ, Cheraghian B, Chetrit A, Chikova-Iscener E, Chinapaw MJM, Chinnock A, Chiolero A, Chiou ST, Chirita-Emandi A, Chirlaque MD, Cho B, Christensen K, Christofaro DG, Chudek J, Cifkova R, Cilia M, Cinteza E, Cirillo M, Claessens F, Clare P, Clarke J, Clays E, Cohen E, Cojocaru CR, Colorado-Yohar S, Compañ-Gabucio LM, Concin H, Confortin SC, Cooper C, Coppinger TC, Corpeleijn E, Cortés LY, Costanzo S, Cottel D, Cowell C, Craig CL, Crampin AC, Cross AJ, Crujeiras AB, Cruz JJ, Csányi T, Csilla S, Cucu AM, Cui L, Cureau FV, Czenczek-Lewandowska E, D'Arrigo G, d'Orsi E, da Silva AG, Dacica L, Dahm CC, Dallongeville J, Damasceno A, Damsgaard CT, Dankner R, Dantoft TM, Dasgupta P, Dastgiri S, Dauchet L, Davletov K, de Assis Guedes de Vasconcelos F, de Assis MAA, De Backer G, De Bacquer D, De Bacquer J, de Bont J, De Curtis A, de Fragas Hinnig P, de Gaetano G, De Henauw S, De Miguel-Etayo P, De Neve JW, Duarte de Oliveira P, De Ridder D, De Ridder K, de Rooij SR, de Sá ACMGN, De Smedt D, Deepa M, Deev AD, DeGennaro VJ, Delisle H, Delpeuch F, Demarest S, Dennison E, Dereń K, Deschamps V, Devrishov RD, Dhimal M, Di Castelnuovo A, Dias-da-Costa JS, Díaz-Sánchez ME, Diaz A, Díaz Fernández P, Díez Ripollés MP, Dika Z, Djalalinia S, Djordjic V, Do HTP, Dobson AJ, Dominguez L, Donati MB, Donfrancesco C, Dong G, Dong Y, Donoso SP, Döring A, Dorobantu M, Dorosty AR, Dörr M, Doua K, Dragano N, Drygas W, Du S, Duan JL, Duante CA, Duboz P, Duleva VL, Dulskiene V, Dumith SC, Dushpanova A, Dwyer T, Dyussupova A, Dzerve V, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E, Ebrahimi N, Echeverría G, Eddie R, Eftekhar E, Efthymiou V, Egbagbe EE, Eggertsen R, Eghtesad S, Eiben G, Ekelund U, El-Khateeb M, El Ammari L, El Ati J, Eldemire-Shearer D, Elliott P, Enang O, Endevelt R, Engle-Stone R, Erasmus RT, Erem C, Ergor G, Eriksen L, Eriksson JG, Escobedo-de la Peña J, Eslami S, Esmaeili A, Evans A, Evans RG, Faeh D, Fagherazzi G, Fakhradiyev I, Fakhretdinova AA, Fall CH, Faramarzi E, Farjam M, Farrugia Sant'Angelo V, Farzi Y, Fattahi MR, Fawwad A, Fawzi WW, Felix-Redondo FJ, Ferguson TS, Fernandes RA, Fernández-Bergés D, Ferrante D, Ferrao T, Ferrari G, Ferrari M, Ferrario MM, Ferreccio C, Ferreira HS, Ferrer E, Ferrieres J, Figueiró TH, Fijalkowska A, Fink G, Fisberg M, Fischer K, Foo LH, Forsner M, Fottrell EF, Fouad HM, Francis DK, Franco MDC, Fras Z, Fraser B, Frontera G, Fuchs FD, Fuchs SC, Fujiati II, Fujita Y, Fumihiko M, Furdela V, Furusawa T, Gabriela SA, Gaciong Z, Gafencu M, Galán Cuesta M, Galbarczyk A, Galcheva SV, Galenkamp H, Galeone D, Galfo M, Galvano F, Gao J, Gao P, Garcia-de-la-Hera M, García Mérida MJ, García Solano M, Gareta D, Garnett SP, Gaspoz JM, Gasull M, Gaya ACA, Gaya AR, Gazzinelli A, Gehring U, Geiger H, Geleijnse JM, George R, Gerdts E, Ghaderi E, Ghamari SH, Ghanbari A, Ghasemi E, Gheorghe-Fronea OF, Gialluisi A, Giampaoli S, Gianfagna F, Gieger C, Gill TK, Giovannelli J, Gironella G, Giwercman A, Gkiouras K, Glushkova N, Godara R, Godos J, Gogen S, Goldberg M, Goltzman D, Gómez G, Gómez Gómez JH, Gomez LF, Gómez SF, Gomula A, Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva B, Gonçalves H, Gonçalves M, González-Alvarez AD, Gonzalez-Chica DA, González-Gil EM, Gonzalez-Gross M, González-Leon M, González-Rivas JP, González-Villalpando C, González-Villalpando ME, Gonzalez AR, Gottrand F, Graça AP, Grafnetter D, Grajda A, Grammatikopoulou MG, Gregg EW, Gregor RD, Gregório MJ, Grøholt EK, Grøntved A, Grosso G, Gruden G, Gu D, Guajardo V, Gualdi-Russo E, Guallar-Castillón P, Gualtieri A, Gudmundsson EF, Gudnason V, Guerchet M, Guerrero R, Guessous I, Guimaraes AL, Gujral UP, Gulliford MC, Gunnlaugsdottir J, Gunter MJ, Guo XH, Guo Y, Gupta PC, Gupta R, Gureje O, Gurinović MA, Gutiérrez González E, Gutierrez L, Gutzwiller F, Gwee X, Ha S, Hadaegh F, Hadjigeorgiou CA, Haghshenas R, Hakimi H, Halkjær J, Hambleton IR, Hamzeh B, Hanekom WA, Hange D, Hanif AAM, Hantunen S, Hao J, Hardman CM, Hardy L, Hari Kumar R, Harmer Lassen T, Harooni J, Hashemi-Shahri SM, Hassapidou M, Hata J, Haugsgjerd T, Hayes AJ, He J, He Y, He Y, Heidinger-Felső R, Heier M, Heinen M, Hejgaard T, Hendriks ME, Henrique RDS, Henriques A, Hernandez Cadena L, Herrala S, Herrera-Cuenca M, Herrera VM, Herter-Aeberli I, Herzig KH, Heshmat R, Heude B, Hill AG, Ho SY, Ho SC, Hobbs M, Höfelmann DA, Holdsworth M, Homayounfar R, Homs C, Hoogendijk E, Hopman WM, Horimoto ARVR, Hormiga CM, Horta BL, Houti L, Howitt C, Htay TT, Htet AS, Htike MMT, Hu Y, Huerta JM, Huhtaniemi IT, Huiart L, Huidumac Petrescu C, Husseini A, Huu CN, Huybrechts I, Hwalla N, Hyska J, Iacoviello L, Iakupova EM, Ibarluzea J, Ibrahim MM, Ibrahim Wong N, Igland J, Ijoma C, Ikram MA, Iñiguez C, Irazola VE, Ishida T, Isiguzo GC, Islam M, Islam SMS, Islek D, Ittermann T, Ivanova-Pandourska IY, Iwasaki M, Jääskeläinen T, Jackson RT, Jacobs JM, Jadoul M, Jafar T, Jallow B, James K, Jamil KM, Jamrozik K, Jan N, Jansson A, Janszky I, Janus E, Jarani J, Jarnig G, Jarvelin MR, Jasienska G, Jelaković A, Jelaković B, Jennings G, Jiang CQ, Jimenez RO, Jöckel KH, Joffres M, Jokelainen JJ, Jonas JB, Jonnagaddala J, Jøran Kjerpeseth L, Jørgensen T, Joshi P, Joshi R, Josipović J, Joukar F, Jóźwiak JJ, Judge DS, Juolevi A, Jurak G, Jurca Simina I, Juresa V, Kaaks R, Kaducu FO, Kadvan AL, Kafatos A, Kaj M, Kajantie EO, Kakutia N, Kállayová D, Kalmatayeva Z, Kalter-Leibovici O, Kameli Y, Kanala KR, Kannan S, Kapantais E, Karaglani E, Karakosta A, Kårhus LL, Karki KB, Karlsson O, Kassi Anicet A, Katchunga PB, Katibeh M, Katz J, Katzmarzyk PT, Kauhanen J, Kaur P, Kavousi M, Kazakbaeva GM, Kaze FF, Kazembe BM, Ke C, Keil U, Keinan Boker L, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Kelishadi R, Kelleher C, Kemper HCG, Keramati M, Kerimkulova A, Kersting M, Key T, Khader YS, Khaledifar A, Khalili D, Kheiri B, Kheradmand M, Khosravi A, Khouw IMSL, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U, Kiechl SJ, Kiechl S, Killewo J, Kim HC, Kim J, Kindblom JM, Kingston A, Klakk H, Klanarong S, Klanova J, Klimek M, Klimont J, Klumbiene J, Knoflach M, Kobel S, Koirala B, Kolle E, Kolo SM, Kolsteren P, König J, Korpelainen R, Korrovits P, Korzycka M, Kos J, Koskinen S, Kouda K, Koussoh Simone M, Kovács É, Kovacs VA, Kovalskys I, Kowlessur S, Koziel S, Kratenova J, Kratzer W, Kriaucioniene V, Kriemler S, Kristensen PL, Krizan H, Kroker-Lobos MF, Krokstad S, Kromhout D, Kruger HS, Kruger R, Kryst Ł, Kubinova R, Kuciene R, Kujala UM, Kujundzic E, Kulaga Z, Kulimbet M, Kulothungan V, Kumar RK, Kumari M, Kunešová M, Kurjata P, Kusuma YS, Kutsenko V, Kuulasmaa K, Kyobutungi C, La QN, Laamiri FZ, Laatikainen T, Labadarios D, Lachat C, Lackner KJ, Lai D, Laid Y, Lall L, Lam TH, Landaeta Jimenez M, Landais E, Lankila T, Lanska V, Lappas G, Larijani B, Larissa SP, Lateva MP, Latt TS, Laurenzi M, Lauria L, Lazo-Porras M, Le Coroller G, Le Nguyen Bao K, Le Port A, Le TD, Lee J, Lee J, Lee PH, Lehtimäki T, Lemogoum D, Leong E, Leskošek B, Leszczak J, Leth-Møller KB, Leung GM, Levitt NS, Li Y, Liivak M, Lilly CL, Lim C, Lim WY, Lima-Costa MF, Lin X, Lind L, Lingam V, Linkohr B, Linneberg A, Lissner L, Litwin M, Liu J, Liu L, Liu L, Liu X, Lo WC, Loit HM, Long KQ, Longo Abril G, Lopes L, Lopes MSS, Lopes O, Lopez-Garcia E, Lopez T, Lotufo PA, Lozano JE, Lukrafka JL, Luksiene D, Lundqvist A, Lunet N, Lunogelo C, Lustigová M, Łuszczki E, M'Buyamba-Kabangu JR, Ma G, Ma X, Machado-Coelho GLL, Machado-Rodrigues AM, Macia E, Macieira LM, Madar AA, Madraisau S, Madsen AL, Maestre GE, Maggi S, Magliano DJ, Magnacca S, Magriplis E, Mahasampath G, Maire B, Majer M, Makdisse M, Mäki P, Malekpour MR, Malekzadeh F, Malekzadeh R, Malhotra R, Mallikharjuna Rao K, Malta DC, Malyutina SK, Maniego LV, Manios Y, Mann JI, Mannix MI, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Manyanga T, Manzato E, Mapatano MA, Marcil A, Margozzini P, Maria-Magdalena R, Mariño J, Markaki A, Markey O, Markidou Ioannidou E, Marques-Vidal P, Marques LP, Marrugat J, Martin-Prevel Y, Martin R, Martorell R, Martos E, Maruf FA, Maruszczak K, Marventano S, Masala G, Mascarenhas LP, Masinaei M, Masoodi SR, Mathiesen EB, Mathur P, Matijasevich A, Matłosz P, Matsha TE, Matsudo V, Matteo G, Maulik PK, Mavrogianni C, Mazur A, McFarlane SR, McGarvey ST, McKee M, McLean RM, McLean SB, McNairy ML, McNulty BA, Mediene Benchekor S, Medzioniene J, Mehlig K, Mehrparvar AH, Meirhaeghe A, Meisfjord J, Meisinger C, Melgarejo JD, Melkumova M, Mello J, Méndez F, Mendivil CO, Menezes AMB, Menon GR, Mensink GBM, Menzano MT, Meshram II, Meto DT, Meyer HE, Mi J, Michaelsen KF, Michels N, Mikkel K, Miłkowska K, Miller JC, Milushkina O, Minderico CS, Mini GK, Miquel JF, Mirjalili MR, Mirkopoulou D, Mirrakhimov E, Mišigoj-Duraković M, Mistretta A, Mocanu V, Modesti PA, Moghaddam SS, Mohamed SF, Mohammad K, Mohammadi MR, Mohammadi Z, Mohammadifard N, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohan V, Mohanna S, Mohd Yusoff MF, Mohebbi I, Moitry M, Møllehave LT, Møller NC, Molnár D, Momenan A, Mondo CK, Monroy-Valle M, Montenegro Mendoza RA, Monterrubio-Flores E, Monyeki KDK, Moon JS, Moosazadeh M, Mopa HT, Moradpour F, Moreira LB, Morejon A, Moreno LA, Morey F, Morgan K, Morin SN, Mortensen EL, Moschonis G, Moslem A, Mosquera M, Mossakowska M, Mostafa A, Mostafavi SA, Mota-Pinto A, Mota J, Motlagh ME, Motta J, Moura-dos-Santos MA, Movsesyan Y, Mridha MK, Msyamboza KP, Mu TT, Muc M, Muca F, Mugoša B, Muiesan ML, Müller-Nurasyid M, Münzel T, Mursu J, Murtagh EM, Musa KI, Musić Milanović S, Musil V, Musinguzi G, Muyer MT, Nabipour I, Nagel G, Najafi F, Nakamura H, Nalecz H, Námešná J, Nang EEK, Nangia VB, Nankap M, Narake S, Narayan KMV, Nardone P, Naseri T, Nathalie M, Neal WA, Neelapaichit N, Nejatizadeh A, Nekkantti C, Nelis K, Nenko I, Neovius M, Nervi F, Ng TP, Nguyen CT, Nguyen ND, Nguyen QN, Ni MY, Nicolescu R, Nie P, Nieto-Martínez RE, Nikitin YP, Ning G, Ninomiya T, Nishi N, Nishtar S, Noale M, Noboa OA, Nogueira H, Nordendahl M, Nordestgaard BG, Norton KI, Noto D, Nowak-Szczepanska N, Nsour MA, Nuhoğlu I, Nunes B, Nurk E, Nuwaha F, Nyirenda M, O'Neill TW, O'Reilly D, Obreja G, Ochimana C, Ochoa-Avilés AM, Oda E, Odili AN, Oh K, Ohara K, Ohlsson C, Ohtsuka R, Olafsson Ö, Oldenburg B, Olinto MTA, Oliveira IO, Omar MA, Omar SM, Onat A, Ong SK, Onland-Moret NC, Ono LM, Onodugo O, Ordunez P, Ornelas R, Ortiz AP, Ortiz PJ, Osler M, Osmond C, Ostojic SM, Ostovar A, Otero JA, Ottendahl CB, Otu A, Overvad K, Owusu-Dabo E, Oyeyemi AY, Oyeyemi AL, Paccaud FM, Padez CP, Pagkalos I, Pahomova E, de Paiva KM, Pająk A, Pajula N, Palloni A, Palmieri L, Pan WH, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Pang Z, Panza F, Paoli M, Papadopoulou SK, Papandreou D, Pareja RG, Park SW, Park S, Parnell WR, Parsaeian M, Pascanu IM, Pasquet P, Patel ND, Pattussi M, Pavlyshyn H, Pechlaner R, Pećin I, Pednekar MS, Pedro JM, Peer N, Peixoto SV, Peltonen M, Pereira AC, Peres MA, Perez-Londoño A, Pérez CM, Peterkova V, Peters A, Petkeviciene J, Petrauskiene A, Petrovna Kovtun O, Pettenuzzo E, Peykari N, Pfeiffer N, Phall MC, Pham ST, Phiri FP, Pichardo RN, Pierannunzio D, Pierre-Marie P, Pigeot I, Pikhart H, Pilav A, Piler P, Pilotto L, Pistelli F, Pitakaka F, Piwonska A, Pizarro AN, Plans-Rubió P, Platonova AG, Poh BK, Pohlabeln H, Polka NS, Pop RM, Popkin BM, Popovic SR, Porta M, Posch G, Poudyal A, Poulimeneas D, Pouraram H, Pourfarzi F, Pourshams A, Poustchi H, Price AJ, Price JF, Prista A, Providencia R, Puder JJ, Pudule I, Puhakka S, Puiu M, Punab M, Qadir MS, Qasrawi RF, Qiao Q, Qorbani M, Quintana HK, Quiroga-Padilla PJ, Quoc Bao T, Rach S, Radic I, Radisauskas R, Rahimikazerooni S, Rahman M, Rahman M, Raitakari O, Raj M, Rajabov T, Rakhmatulloev S, Rakovac I, Ramachandra Rao S, Ramachandran A, Ramadan OPC, Ramires VV, Ramirez-Zea M, Ramke J, Ramos E, Ramos R, Rampal L, Rampal S, Ramsay SE, Rangelova LS, Rarra V, Rascon-Pacheco RA, Rashidi MM, Rech CR, Redon J, Reganit PFM, Regecová V, Renner JDP, Repasy JA, Reuter CP, Revilla L, Reynolds A, Rezaei N, Rezaianzadeh A, Rho Y, Ribas-Barba L, Ribeiro R, Riboli E, Rigo F, Rigotti A, Rinaldo N, Rinke de Wit TF, Risérus U, Rito AI, Ritti-Dias RM, Rivera JA, Roa RG, Robinson L, Roccaldo R, Rodrigues D, Rodriguez-Perez MDC, Rodríguez-Villamizar LA, Rodríguez AY, Roggenbuck U, Rohloff P, Rohner F, Rojas-Martinez R, Rojroongwasinkul N, Romaguera D, Romeo EL, Rosario RV, Rosengren A, Rouse I, Rouzier V, Roy JGR, Ruano MH, Rubinstein A, Rühli FJ, Ruidavets JB, Ruiz-Betancourt BS, Ruiz-Castell M, Ruiz Moreno E, Rusakova IA, Rusek W, Russell Jonsson K, Russo P, Rust P, Rutkowski M, Saamel M, Saar CG, Sabanayagam C, Sabbaghi H, Sacchini E, Sachdev HS, Sadjadi A, Safarpour AR, Safi S, Safiri S, Saghi MH, Saidi O, Saieva C, Sakata S, Saki N, Šalaj S, Salanave B, Salazar Martinez E, Salhanova A, Salmerón D, Salomaa V, Salonen JT, Salvetti M, Samoutian M, Sánchez-Abanto J, Sánchez Rodríguez I, Sandjaja, Sans S, Santa-Marina L, Santacruz E, Santos DA, Santos IS, Santos LC, Santos MP, Santos O, Santos R, Santos TR, Saramies JL, Sardinha LB, Sarrafzadegan N, Sathish T, Saum KU, Savva S, Savy M, Sawada N, Sbaraini M, Scazufca M, Schaan BD, Schaffrath Rosario A, Schargrodsky H, Schienkiewitz A, Schindler K, Schipf S, Schmidt B, Schmidt CO, Schmidt IM, Schneider A, Schnohr P, Schöttker B, Schramm S, Schramm S, Schröder H, Schultsz C, Schultz G, Schulze MB, Schutte AE, Sebert S, Sedaghattalab M, Selamat R, Sember V, Sen A, Senbanjo IO, Sepanlou SG, Sequera G, Serra-Majem L, Servais J, Ševčíková Ľ, Sewpaul R, Shalnova S, Shamah-Levy T, Shamshirgaran SM, Shanthirani CS, Sharafkhah M, Sharma SK, Sharman A, Shaw JE, Shayanrad A, Shayesteh AA, Shengelia L, Shi Z, Shibuya K, Shimizu-Furusawa H, Shimony T, Shiri R, Shrestha N, Si-Ramlee K, Siani A, Siantar R, Sibai AM, Sidossis LS, Silitrari N, Silva AM, Silva CRDM, Silva DAS, Silva KS, Sim X, Simon M, Simons J, Simons LA, Sjöberg A, Sjöström M, Skoblina EV, Skoblina NA, Slazhnyova T, Slowikowska-Hilczer J, Slusarczyk P, Smeeth L, So HK, Soares FC, Sobek G, Sobngwi E, Sodemann M, Söderberg S, Soekatri MYE, Soemantri A, Sofat R, Solfrizzi V, Solovieva YV, Somi MH, Sonestedt E, Song Y, Soofi S, Sørensen TIA, Sørgjerd EP, Sossa Jérome C, Soto-Rojas VE, Soumaré A, Sousa-Poza A, Sovic S, Sparboe-Nilsen B, Sparrenberger K, Spencer PR, Spinelli A, Spiroski I, Staessen JA, Stamm H, Stang A, Starc G, Staub K, Stavreski B, Steene-Johannessen J, Stehle P, Stein AD, Steinsbekk S, Stergiou GS, Stessman J, Stevanović R, Stieber J, Stöckl D, Stokwiszewski J, Stoyanova E, Stratton G, Stronks K, Strufaldi MW, Sturua L, Suárez-Medina R, Suarez-Ortegón MF, Suebsamran P, Sugiyama M, Suka M, Sulo G, Sun CA, Sun L, Sund M, Sundström J, Sung YT, Sunyer J, Suriyawongpaisal P, Sweis NWG, Swinburn BA, Sy RG, Sylva RC, Szponar L, Tabone L, Tai ES, Takuro F, Tambalis KD, Tammesoo ML, Tamosiunas A, Tan EJ, Tang X, Tanrygulyyeva M, Tanser F, Tao Y, Tarawneh MR, Tarp J, Tarqui-Mamani CB, Taxová Braunerová R, Taylor A, Taylor J, Tchibindat F, Te Velde S, Tebar WR, Tell GS, Tello T, Tessema M, Tham YC, Thankappan KR, Theobald H, Theodoridis X, Thomas N, Thorand B, Thrift AG, Tichá Ľ, Timmermans EJ, Tjandrarini DH, Tjonneland A, Tolonen HK, Tolstrup JS, Tomaszewski M, Topbas M, Topór-Mądry R, Torheim LE, Tornaritis MJ, Torrent M, Torres-Collado L, Toselli S, Touloumi G, Traissac P, Tran TTH, Tremblay MS, Triantafyllou A, Trichopoulos D, Trichopoulou A, Trinh OTH, Trivedi A, Tshepo L, Tsigga M, Tsintavis P, Tsugane S, Tuitele J, Tuliakova AM, Tulloch-Reid MK, Tullu F, Tuomainen TP, Tuomilehto J, Twig G, Tynelius P, Tzala E, Tzotzas T, Tzourio C, Udoji N, Ueda P, Ugel E, Ukoli FAM, Ulmer H, Unal B, Usupova Z, Uusitalo HMT, Uysal N, Vaitkeviciute J, Valdivia G, Vale S, Valvi D, van Dam RM, van den Born BJ, Van der Heyden J, van der Schouw YT, Van Herck K, Van Lippevelde W, Van Minh H, Van Schoor NM, van Valkengoed IGM, Vanderschueren D, Vanuzzo D, Varbo A, Varela-Moreiras G, Vargas LN, Varona-Pérez P, Vasan SK, Vasques DG, Vatasescu R, Vega T, Veidebaum T, Velasquez-Melendez G, Velika B, Verloigne M, Veronesi G, Verschuren WMM, Victora CG, Viegi G, Viet L, Vik FN, Vilar M, Villalpando S, Vioque J, Viriyautsahakul N, Virtanen JK, Visser M, Visvikis-Siest S, Viswanathan B, Vladulescu M, Vlasoff T, Vocanec D, Vollenweider P, Völzke H, Vourli G, Voutilainen A, Vrijheid M, Vrijkotte TGM, Vuletić S, Wade AN, Waldhör T, Walton J, Wambiya EOA, Wan Bebakar WM, Wan Mohamud WN, Wanderley Júnior RDS, Wang C, Wang H, Wang MD, Wang N, Wang Q, Wang X, Wang YX, Wang YW, Wannamethee SG, Wareham N, Wartha O, Weber A, Wedderkopp N, Weghuber D, Wei W, Weres A, Werner B, Westbury LD, Whincup PH, Wichstrøm L, Wickramasinghe K, Widhalm K, Widyahening IS, Więcek A, Wild PS, Wilks RJ, Willeit J, Willeit P, Williams J, Wilsgaard T, Wirth JP, Wojtyniak B, Woldeyohannes M, Wolf K, Wong-McClure RA, Wong A, Wong EB, Wong JE, Wong TY, Woo J, Woodward M, Wu FC, Wu HY, Wu J, Wu LJ, Wu S, Wyszyńska J, Xu H, Xu L, Yaacob NA, Yamborisut U, Yan L, Yan W, Yang L, Yang X, Yang Y, Yardim N, Yasuharu T, Yépez García M, Yiallouros PK, Yngve A, Yoosefi M, Yoshihara A, Yotov Y, You QS, You SL, Younger-Coleman NO, Yu YL, Yu Y, Yusof SM, Yusoff AF, Zaccagni L, Zafiropulos V, Zainuddin AA, Zakavi SR, Zamani F, Zambon S, Zampelas A, Zamrazilová H, Zapata ME, Zargar AH, Zaw KK, Zayed AA, Zdrojewski T, Żegleń M, Zejglicova K, Zeljkovic Vrkic T, Zeng Y, Zentai A, Zhang B, Zhang L, Zhang ZY, Zhao D, Zhao MH, Zhao W, Zhecheva YV, Zhen S, Zheng W, Zheng Y, Zholdin B, Zhou M, Zhu D, Zimmet P, Zins M, Zitt E, Zocalo Y, Zoghlami N, Zuñiga Cisneros J, Zuziak M, Ezzati M. Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; 403:1027-1050. [PMID: 38432237 PMCID: PMC7615769 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(23)02750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. METHODS We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5-19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For school-aged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). FINDINGS From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. INTERPRETATION The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesity. FUNDING UK Medical Research Council, UK Research and Innovation (Research England), UK Research and Innovation (Innovate UK), and European Union.
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Kulothungan V, Ramamoorthy T, Sathishkumar K, Mohan R, Tomy N, Miller GJ, Mathur P. Burden of female breast cancer in India: estimates of YLDs, YLLs, and DALYs at national and subnational levels based on the national cancer registry programme. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024:10.1007/s10549-024-07264-3. [PMID: 38433127 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07264-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Female breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality in India, and accounted for 13.5% of new cancer cases and 10% of cancer-related deaths in 2020. This study aims to estimate and report the female BC burden in India at state level from 2012 to 2016 in terms of years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and to project the burden for the year 2025. METHODS The cancer incidence and mortality data from 28 population-based cancer registries were analysed. The mean mortality to incidence ratio was estimated, and mortality figures were adjusted for underreporting. The burden of female BC was estimated at national and subnational levels using Census data, World Health Organisation's lifetables, disability weights, and the DisMod-II tool. A negative binomial regression is employed to project burden for 2025. RESULTS The burden of BC among Indian women in 2016 was estimated to be 515.4 DALYs per 100,000 women after age standardization. The burden metrics at state level exhibited substantial heterogeneity. Notably, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Karnataka, and Delhi had a higher burden of BC than states in the eastern and north-eastern regions. The projection for 2025 indicates to a substantial increase, reaching 5.6 million DALYs. CONCLUSION The female BC burden in India was significantly high in 2016 and is expected to substantially increase. Undertaking a multidisciplinary, context-specific approach for its prevention and control can address this rising burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan - ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Thilagavathi Ramamoorthy
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan - ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Krishnan Sathishkumar
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan - ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Rohith Mohan
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan - ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Nifty Tomy
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan - ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - G J Miller
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan - ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan - ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India.
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Ramamoorthy T, Nath A, Singh S, Mathew S, Pant A, Sheela S, Kaur G, Sathishkumar K, Mathur P. Assessing the Global Impact of Ambient Air Pollution on Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. JCO Glob Oncol 2024; 10:e2300427. [PMID: 38513187 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to examine the association between exposure to major ambient air pollutants and the incidence and mortality of lung cancer and some nonlung cancers. METHODS This meta-analysis used PubMed and EMBASE databases to access published studies that met the eligibility criteria. Primary analysis investigated the association between exposure to air pollutants and cancer incidence and mortality. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was conducted using R software. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 61 studies, of which 53 were cohort studies and eight were case-control studies. Particulate matter 2.5 mm or less in diameter (PM2.5) was the exposure pollutant in half (55.5%), and lung cancer was the most frequently studied cancer in 59% of the studies. A pooled analysis of exposure reported in cohort and case-control studies and cancer incidence demonstrated a significant relationship (relative risk [RR], 1.04 [95% CI, 1.02 to 1.05]; I2, 88.93%; P < .05). A significant association was observed between exposure to pollutants such as PM2.5 (RR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.04 to 1.12]; I2, 68.52%) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (RR, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.01 to 1.05]; I2, 73.52%) and lung cancer incidence. The relationship between exposure to the air pollutants and cancer mortality demonstrated a significant relationship (RR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.07 to 1.10]; I2, 94.77%; P < .001). Among the four pollutants, PM2.5 (RR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.08 to 1.22]; I2, 95.33%) and NO2 (RR, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.02 to 1.08]; I2, 89.98%) were associated with lung cancer mortality. CONCLUSION The study confirms the association between air pollution exposure and lung cancer incidence and mortality. The meta-analysis results could contribute to community cancer prevention and diagnosis and help inform stakeholders and policymakers in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilagavathi Ramamoorthy
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anita Nath
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shubhra Singh
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Stany Mathew
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Apourv Pant
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Samvedana Sheela
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Krishnan Sathishkumar
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
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Kapoor G, Arora RS, Radhakrishnan V, Nath A, Malhotra P, Cyriac SL, Gangadharan VP, Sadashivudu G, Ramamoorthy T, Sudarshan KL, Mathur P. Profile of Childhood Cancers From Hospital-Based Cancer Registries in India, 2012-19. Indian Pediatr 2024; 61:39-44. [PMID: 38183250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical pattern of childhood and adolescent cancers across India using hospital-based data in the National Cancer Registry Program. METHODS Records of 60720 cancer cases in the 0-19 year age group for the period 2012-2019 from 96 hospital-based cancer registries were reviewed. Childhood cancers were classified based on the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC). Descriptive analysis was used to examine the distribution of cancer by five-year age groups, sex and ICCC diagnostic groups and subgroups. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS software and visualised using R software. RESULTS 3.2% and 4.6% of all cancer cases in India were among children in the 0-14 year and 0-19 year age groups respectively. The male-to-female ratio for all cancers was 1.72 for 0-14 years and 1.73 for 0-19 years. The four leading groups of cancers among 0-14 year olds were leukemia (40%), lymphoma (12%), central nervous system tumor (11%) and bone cancer (8%). The four leading cancers among the 0-19 year age group were leukemia (36%), lymphoma (12%), bone (11%) and central nervous system tumor (10%). CONCLUSION Cancers in the 0-14 and 0-19 age groups accounted for a considerable proportion of all cancers with significant male preponderance. Such information helps to fine-tune research and planning strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Kapoor
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi
| | | | | | - Anita Nath
- ICMR - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka
| | - Payal Malhotra
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi
| | - Sunu Lazar Cyriac
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur, Kerala
| | - V P Gangadharan
- Department of Medical and Pediatric Oncology, Lakeshore Hospital, Kochi, Kerala
| | - G Sadashivudu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana
| | - Thilagavathi Ramamoorthy
- ICMR - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka
| | - K L Sudarshan
- ICMR - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka
| | - Prashant Mathur
- ICMR - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka. Correspondence to: Dr. Prashant Mathur, National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka.
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Sathishkumar K, Sankarapillai J, Mathew A, Nair RA, Gangane N, Khuraijam S, Barmon D, Pandya S, Majumdar G, Deshmane V, Zomawia E, Bhutia TW, Jerang K, George PS, Maliye S, Laishram R, Das G, Shah A, Debbarma S, Koyande S, Pachuau L, Sherpa A, Jongkey G, Chaturvedi M, Das P, Santhappan S, Mathur P. Breast cancer survival in India across 11 geographic areas under the National Cancer Registry Programme. Cancer 2024. [PMID: 38183671 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.35188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population-based cancer survival is a key indicator for assessing the effectiveness of cancer control by a health care system in a specific geographic area. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women in India, accounting for over one quarter of all female cancers. The objective of this study was to estimate the 5-year survival of female patients who were diagnosed with breast cancer between 2012 and 2015 from the existing Population-Based Cancer Registries (PBCRs) in India. METHODS In total, 17,331 patients who had breast cancer diagnosed between 2012 and 2015 from 11 PBCRs were followed until June 30, 2021. Active methods were used to track the vital status of registered breast cancer cases. The study conducted survival analysis by calculating the difference between the date of first diagnosis and the date of death or censoring to estimate observed survival and relative survival using the actuarial survival approach and the Ederer-II approach, respectively. RESULTS The 5-year age-standardized relative survival (95% confidence interval [CI]) of patients with breast cancer was 66.4% (95% CI, 65.5%-67.3%). Mizoram (74.9%; 95% CI, 68.1%-80.8%), Ahmedabad urban (72.7%; 95% CI, 70.3%-74.9%), Kollam (71.5%; 95% CI, 69.2%-73.6%), and Thiruvananthapuram (69.1%; 95% CI, 67.0%-71.2%) had higher survival rates than the national average. Conversely, Pasighat had the lowest survival rate (41.9%; 95% CI, 14.7%-68.6%). The 5-year observed survival rates for localized, regional, and distant metastasis in the pooled PBCRs were 81.0%, 65.5%, and 18.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The overall disparity in survival rates was observed across 11 PBCRs, with lower survival rates reported in Manipur, Tripura, and Pasighat. Therefore, it is imperative to implement comprehensive cancer control strategies widely throughout the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Sathishkumar
- National Center for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayasankar Sankarapillai
- National Center for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Rekha A Nair
- Regional Cancer Center, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Nitin Gangane
- Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | - Shashank Pandya
- The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | - Eric Zomawia
- National Health Mission, Health and Family Welfare, Government of Mizoram, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | | | - Kaling Jerang
- Bakin Pertin General Hospital, East Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | | | - Swapna Maliye
- Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajesh Laishram
- Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Gaurav Das
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Anand Shah
- The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | | | | | - Lalawmpuii Pachuau
- National Health Mission, Health and Family Welfare, Government of Mizoram, Aizawl, Mizoram, India
| | | | - Gegong Jongkey
- Bakin Pertin General Hospital, East Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - Meesha Chaturvedi
- National Center for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- National Center for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Stephen Santhappan
- National Center for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- National Center for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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8
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Rumgay H, Cabasag CJ, Offman J, de Camargo Cancela M, Barchuk A, Mathur P, Wang S, Wei W, Sasieni P, Soerjomataram I. International burden of cancer deaths and years of life lost from cancer attributable to four major risk factors: a population-based study in Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and United States. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 66:102289. [PMID: 38192589 PMCID: PMC10772154 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background We provide a comprehensive view of the impact of alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, excess body weight, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection on cancer mortality and years of life lost (YLLs) in Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, the United Kingdom (UK), and United States (US). Methods We collected population attributable fractions of the four risk factors from global population-based studies and applied these to estimates of cancer deaths in 2020 to obtain potentially preventable cancer deaths and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Using life tables, we calculated the number and age-standardised rates of YLLs (ASYR). Findings In Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, the UK, and the US in 2020, an estimated 5.9 million (3.3 million-8.6 million) YLLs from cancer were attributable to alcohol consumption, 20.8 million (17.0 million-24.6 million) YLLs to tobacco smoking, 3.1 million (2.4 million-3.8 million) YLLs to excess body weight, and 4.0 million (3.9 million-4.2 million) YLLs to HPV infection. The ASYR from cancer due to alcohol consumption was highest in China (351.4 YLLs per 100,000 population [95% CI 194.5-519.2]) and lowest in the US (113.5 [69.6-157.1]) and India (115.4 [49.7-172.7). For tobacco smoking, China (1159.9 [950.6-1361.8]) had the highest ASYR followed by Russia (996.8 [831.0-1154.5). For excess body weight, Russia and the US had the highest ASYRs (385.1 [280.6-481.2] and 369.4 [299.6-433.6], respectively). The highest ASYR due to HPV infection was in South Africa (457.1 [453.3-462.6]). ASYRs for alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking were higher among men than women, whereas women had higher ASYRs for excess body weight and HPV infection. Interpretation Our findings demonstrate the importance of cancer control efforts to reduce the burden of cancer death and YLLs due to modifiable cancer risk factors and promote the use of YLLs to summarise disease burden. Funding Cancer Research UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Rumgay
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Citadel J. Cabasag
- Cancer Surveillance Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Judith Offman
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Centre for Prevention, Detection and Diagnosis, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Marianna de Camargo Cancela
- Division of Cancer Surveillance and Data Analysis, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anton Barchuk
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Health Research, European University at St. Petersburg, St. Petersburg, Russia
- ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Prashant Mathur
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shaoming Wang
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqiang Wei
- National Central Cancer Registry, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peter Sasieni
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Centre for Prevention, Detection and Diagnosis, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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9
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Kalkonde YV, Rangamani S, Suwanwela NC, Mathur P, Injety RJ, Sebastian IA, Vijayanand PJ, Chawla NS, Sylaja P, Sharma M, Pandian JD. Surveillance of stroke: a South-East Asia Region (SEAR) perspective. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia 2023; 17:100286. [PMID: 37849929 PMCID: PMC10577148 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2023.100286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Surveillance of stroke is critical to track its burden and assess progress in prevention and treatment. We reviewed the literature to evaluate stroke surveillance efforts in the South-East Asia Region (SEAR) countries, identify progress and assess gaps. Epidemiological data on all the major parameters such as the incidence, prevalence and mortality of stroke were available for India and Thailand but for none of the other SEAR countries. Most of the epidemiological data came from investigator-initiated studies. National stroke surveillance was present only in India in the form of a National Stroke Registry Programme and Thailand has a national database that was used to obtain epidemiological data for stroke. Research on novel methods for stroke registration, such as using information technology, was absent. This review identified serious gaps in the monitoring and surveillance of stroke in SEAR countries. Systematic efforts are needed to fill those gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sukanya Rangamani
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Nijasri C. Suwanwela
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prashant Mathur
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ranjit J. Injety
- Department of Neurology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Ivy A. Sebastian
- Consultant Neurologist, St. Stephen's Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Pranay J. Vijayanand
- Department of Neurology, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Nistara S. Chawla
- Department of Neurology, Christian Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - P.N. Sylaja
- Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Meenakshi Sharma
- Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
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10
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Sankarapillai J, Krishnan S, Ramamoorthy T, Sudarshan KL, Das P, Chaturvedi M, Mathur P. Epidemiology of cancers among older adults in India: findings from the National Cancer Registry Programme. Public Health 2023; 223:230-239. [PMID: 37683494 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study describes the epidemiology, clinical extent of disease at diagnosis and treatment modalities of cancer among older adults (aged 60 years and older) in India. STUDY DESIGN Secondary data analysis of the National Cancer Registry Programme, which includes 28 Population-Based Cancer Registries (PBCRs) and 96 Hospital-Based Cancer Registries (HBCRs). METHODS PBCR data were used to estimate the incidence in terms of crude rate (CR), age-adjusted incidence rate (AAR), age-specific rate (ASpR) and cumulative risk. Trends in the AAR were calculated with the Annual Percentage Change (APC) using join-point regression. HBCR data were used to describe the clinical extent of the disease at diagnosis and the treatment modalities. RESULTS There is a wide heterogeneity across the country for the incidence of cancer and for the leading cancer sites among older adults. Males had a higher incidence rate compared to females in the majority of the registries. Aizawl had the highest AARs among both genders (males: 1388.8; females: 1033.0). Females had the highest ASpR at 65-69 years (482.8), whereas for males it was above 75 years (710.4). Cervical, stomach and oesophageal cancers were on the decline. The incidence of cancer among older adults was estimated to increase by 13.5% in 2025 as compared to 2020. CONCLUSION The increasing cancer incidence among older adults in India poses a huge burden on the health system. There is a need to increase their participation in clinical trials, advocating comprehensive geriatric assessment and strengthening geriatric oncology within programs addressing older adult's care to deal with the rising cancer burden on the health system borne by them.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sankarapillai
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India(a)
| | - S Krishnan
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India(a)
| | - T Ramamoorthy
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India(a)
| | - K L Sudarshan
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India(a)
| | - P Das
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India(a)
| | - M Chaturvedi
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India(a)
| | - P Mathur
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562110, India(a).
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11
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Mathur P, Kulothungan V, Nath A, Vinay Urs KS, Ramakrishnan L. Awareness, behavior, and determinants of dietary salt intake in adults: results from the National NCD Monitoring Survey, India. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15890. [PMID: 37741845 PMCID: PMC10517942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A diet high in sodium contributes to a significant proportion of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) due to cardiovascular diseases. This paper describes the awareness, behaviour and determinants related to dietary salt intake in an adult population of 18-69 years that were assessed as part of the National NCD Monitoring Survey (NNMS) in India. A sub-sample of 3000 adults selected through simple random sampling from 150 nationally representative Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) was included. Data regarding awareness and behaviour related to dietary salt intake were collected. Urinary sodium excretion in spot urine samples was estimated and used to calculate dietary salt intake. The dietary salt intake's sociodemographic, behavioural and metabolic determinants were also analysed. Less than one-third of the adults of both genders in all age groups in rural and urban areas were aware that daily high salt intake could affect health. The estimated mean daily salt intake was 8.0 g (8.9 g/day for men and 7.1 g/day for women). The salt intake was significantly higher in men [Adjusted OR = 17.66 (5.24-59.46)], rural areas [Adjusted OR = 6.14 (1.83-20.60)], overweight and obese respondents [Adjusted OR = 17.62 (3.17-98.07)]. The perception of the harmful effects of high salt intake and practices to limit salt intake was low in the study population. The mean daily salt intake was higher than the WHO recommendation of up to 5 g daily. The mean dietary salt intake is high in the Indian population, which calls for planning and implementing control of dietary salt consumption measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Mathur
- Indian Council Medical Research-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, 562 110, India.
| | - Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan
- Indian Council Medical Research-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, 562 110, India
| | - Anita Nath
- Indian Council Medical Research-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, 562 110, India
| | - K S Vinay Urs
- Indian Council Medical Research-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, 562 110, India
| | - Lakshmy Ramakrishnan
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Roshandel G, Badar F, Barchuk A, Roder DM, Sangrajrang S, Mery L, Nobuyuki H, Halimi A, Mathur P, Shrestha G, Mosavi Jarrahi A. REPCAN: Guideline for REporting Population-based CANcer Registry Data. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:3297-3303. [PMID: 37777857 PMCID: PMC10762751 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.9.3297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to develop a guideline on how to report result of a population-based cancer registry. Methods: The guideline's development involved a core working committee and a scientific committee comprising experts from diverse domains. The process comprised three steps: 1) a comprehensive review of existing tools and guidelines and the development of the initial draft of the guideline based on a review of literature, 2) refinement items through several rounds of focus group discussion among the core group, and development initial draft, and 3) Evaluation of the initial draft by scientific committee members. Items in the guideline were organized to accommodate reports of population-based cancer registries as a scientific manuscript. Results: The core committee developed 47 items distributed in the major heading of a scientific manuscript presented as a checklist. The evaluation of the scientific committee led to a consensus on the majority of the items included in the checklist. Among 10 committee members, 7 provided unreserved approval, validating each item's necessity, applicability, and comprehensibility in the checklist. Feedback from the remaining 3 members was carefully analyzed and integrated to enhance the guideline's robustness. Incorporating feedback, a first final draft was presented in a meeting of scientific and core working committee members. Collaborative discussion ensured clarity of expression for each items and a final checklist was developed. Conclusion: The guideline abbreviated as REPCAN offers a standardized framework for reporting population-based cancer registry, fostering transparency, comparability, and comprehensive data presentation. The guideline encourages flexibility while promoting comprehensive and robust reporting practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Farhana Badar
- Cancer Registry and Clinical Data Management unit, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital & Research Center, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Anton Barchuk
- Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.
| | - David M Roder
- Cancer Epidemiology and Population Health, Beat Cancer Project, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Suleeporn Sangrajrang
- Research Division, Health System Development, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Les Mery
- Section of Cancer Information, the Global Initiative on Cancer Registry (GICR), the International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
| | - Hamajima Nobuyuki
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Aram Halimi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Prashant Mathur
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Nirmal Bhawan ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bangalore 562 110, India.
| | - Gambhir Shrestha
- Department of Community Medicine, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Alireza Mosavi Jarrahi
- Center for Epidemiology and Cancer, West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences Sabzevar, Iran.
- Department of Health, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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13
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Nath A, Mathur P, Sudarshan K, Kaur Rajput G, Mascarenhas L, Arora RS, Seth R, Kumar Dixit S, Chinnaswamy G, Banipal RPS, Bhutia TW, Kumar Bodal V, Budukh A, Kumar Chaudhary N, Vijay C, Shikha Das D, Gundeti S, Harris C, Hazarika M, Natha Jondhale S, Gunaseelan K, Khamo V, Konjengbam R, Kumar A, Saroj Kumar DM, Majumdar G, Malik S, Mandal S, Najmi AM, Mohan Kumar C, Kumar Pandey A, Pandya S, Pareek P, Pautu JL, Surya Rao V, Ramesh C, Rawal M, Radhakrishnan N, Radhakrishnan V, Shah A, Singh S, Singh V, Singh P, Sundriyal D, Swaminathan R, Avinash T, Priya Kumari T, Tawsik S, Tiwari L. An assessment of childhood cancer care services in India - gaps, challenges and the way forward. Lancet Reg Health Southeast Asia 2023; 16:100235. [PMID: 37694177 PMCID: PMC10485780 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2023.100235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Childhood cancers are emerging as an essential concern in India where there is lack of a specific programme component or policy to address childhood cancer control. There is limited information on the status and quality of childhood cancer care services in India. This paper describes the childhood cancer care services available at secondary and tertiary-level hospitals in India through a cross sectional study design. Methods The survey was conducted in 137 tertiary-level and 92 secondary-level hospitals in 26 states and 4 Union Territories (UTs), ensuring a uniform representation of public and private care hospitals. The study tool collected data on the organisational infrastructure, type of oncology services, health workforce, equipment, treatment and referral protocols, and treatment guidelines. Descriptive statistics was used to primarily present the health service status and data on childhood cancer care services in proportions and mean. Findings A dedicated pediatric oncology department was available in 41.6% of the public, 48.6% of private, and 64% Non Government Organization (NGO) managed tertiary-level hospitals. In 36 (39%) of the 92 hospitals providing secondary care, childhood cancer care was provided. The availability of bone (41.5%) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans (25.9%) was lower in public tertiary hospitals, whereas histopathology, computerised tomography (CT scan), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were lower in public secondary hospitals than private and NGO managed hospitals for the corresponding level of care. Most tertiary hospitals had the required supportive care facilities except for play therapy and hospice care. Less than 50% of the public tertiary hospitals had stocks of the four categories of cancer-treating drugs and essential infrastructure for radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Most secondary-level hospitals not treating childhood cancer had referral linkages with tertiary hospitals. Interpretation The situational analysis of childhood cancer care services in India showed the concentration of availability of childhood cancer care services at the tertiary level of health care. There were gaps in the availability of specialised pediatric oncology care in all the tertiary hospitals. The availability of childhood cancer care services was higher in private and NGO-managed hospitals than in public hospitals. Integration of childhood cancer as a part of the national cancer control response should be taken up as a matter of priority. The need of the hour is to formulate a childhood cancer policy that will enable timely access to care universally. Funding World Health Organization, India provided funding and technical support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Nath
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - K.L. Sudarshan
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur Rajput
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Leena Mascarenhas
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Rachna Seth
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | - Tseten W. Bhutia
- Sir Thutob Namgyal Memorial Referral Hospital, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | | | - Atul Budukh
- Centre for Cancer Epidemiology (CCE), Tata Memorial Centre (TMC), Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
| | | | - C.R. Vijay
- Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Caleb Harris
- North Eastern Indira Gandhi Regional Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | | | | | - K. Gunaseelan
- Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | | | | | - Arun Kumar
- Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Shikha Malik
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | | | - Arshad Manzoor Najmi
- Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | | | | | - Shashank Pandya
- The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Puneet Pareek
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - V. Surya Rao
- Andhra Medical College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - C. Ramesh
- Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Manoj Rawal
- BPS Government Medical College for Women, Haryana, India
| | | | | | - Anand Shah
- The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - S.B. Singh
- Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Varinder Singh
- Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Deepak Sundriyal
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - T. Avinash
- Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Sopai Tawsik
- Tomo Riba Institute of Health and Medical Sciences, Naharlagun, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - Lokesh Tiwari
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
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Kumar V, Bhongade R, Kumar V, Mathur P, Patel K, Jyothi R R. POSTCHOLECYSTECTOMY SYNDROME: UNDERSTANDING THE CAUSES AND DEVELOPING TREATMENT STRATEGIES FOR PERSISTENT BILIARY SYMPTOMS AFTER GALLBLADDER REMOVAL. Georgian Med News 2023:290-296. [PMID: 37805914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Persistent biliary symptoms following gallbladder removal, known as postcholecystectomy (PCS), can significantly impact patients' quality of life. The term PCS describes biliary symptoms that emerge or continue after the surgical removal of the gallbladder. Cholecystectomy is generally a safe procedure; however, some individuals may still experience symptoms of the biliary system thereafter. Biliary stones are more likely to be retained in patients who arrive later. Many of those people won't have a known reason for their condition. Therefore, this group will have fewer therapy alternatives. After a cholecystectomy, up to 10% of individuals may develop PCS. Patients with cholecystectomy procedures can appear with extra-biliary and associated biological illnesses. A wide range of therapeutic options are available for PCS, each having a different chance of being the cause of the condition. The purpose of this study is to present an overview of the many causes of PCS, as well as the effectiveness and prevalence of various treatments. PCS has a variety of etiologies, many of which may be related to extra-biliary reasons that may exist before the operation. From the beginning, an endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract may be necessary when symptoms first appear. Biliary rocks are more likely to be retained in patient presentations that are postponed. PCS has various causes, including extra-biliary conditions that could have existed before operations. Initial symptoms might involve higher digestive problems. As a result, this group will only have a few therapeutic alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kumar
- 1Department of Nursing, IIMT University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Bhongade
- 2Department of Ayurveda, Sanskriti University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V Kumar
- 3Department of General Surgery, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - P Mathur
- 4Department of General Surgery, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, India
| | - K Patel
- 5Department of Gynaecology, Parul University, PO Limda, Tal. Waghodia, District Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - R Jyothi R
- 6Department of Life Science, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Karnataka, India
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Kelly BS, Kirwan A, Quinn MS, Kelly AM, Mathur P, Lawlor A, Killeen RP. The ethical matrix as a method for involving people living with disease and the wider public (PPI) in near-term artificial intelligence research. Radiography (Lond) 2023; 29 Suppl 1:S103-S111. [PMID: 37062673 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rapid pace of research in the field of Artificial Intelligence in medicine has associated risks for near-term AI. Ethical considerations of the use of AI in medicine remain a subject of much debate. Concurrently, the Involvement of People living with disease and the Public (PPI) in research is becoming mandatory in the EU and UK. The goal of this research was to elucidate the important values for our relevant stakeholders: People with MS, Radiologists, neurologists, Registered Healthcare Practitioners and Computer Scientists concerning AI in radiology and synthesize these in an ethical matrix. METHODS An ethical matrix workshop co-designed with a patient expert. The workshop yielded a survey which was disseminated to the professional societies of the relevant stakeholders. Quantitative data were analysed using the Pingouin 0.53 python package. Qualitative data were examined with word frequency analysis and analysed for themes with grounded theory with a patient expert. RESULTS 184 participants were recruited, (54, 60, 17, 12, 41 respectively). There were significant (p < 0.00001) differences in age, gender and ethnicity between groups. Key themes emerging from our results were the importance fast and accurate results, explanations over model performance and the significance of maintaining personal connections and choice. These themes were used to construct the ethical matrix. CONCLUSION The ethical matrix is a useful tool for PPI and stakeholder engagement with particular advantages for near-term AI in the pandemic era. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE We have produced an ethical matrix that allows for the inclusion of stakeholder opinion in medical AI research design.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Kelly
- School of Medicine, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland; Department of Radiology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland; School of Computer Science and Insight Centre, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - A Kirwan
- Multiple Sclerosis Ireland National Office, 80 Northumberland Road, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - M S Quinn
- School of Computer Science and Insight Centre, UCD Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - A M Kelly
- School of Education, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - P Mathur
- Department of Radiology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - A Lawlor
- Department of Radiology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - R P Killeen
- School of Medicine, UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Chaturvedi M, Krishnan S, Das P, Sudarshan KL, Stephen S, Monesh V, Mathur P. Descriptive Epidemiology of Ovarian Cancers in India: A Report from National Cancer Registry Programme. Indian J Gynecol Oncolog 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s40944-022-00694-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Alkandari A, Alkerwi A, Alkhatib BM, Allin K, Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Aly E, Amarapurkar DN, Etxezarreta PA, Amoah J, Amougou N, Amouyel P, Andersen LB, Anderssen SA, Androutsos O, Ängquist L, Anjana RM, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Anufrieva E, Aounallah-Skhiri H, Araújo J, Ariansen I, Aris T, Arku RE, Arlappa N, Aryal KK, Aseffa N, Aspelund T, Assah FK, Assembekov B, Assunção MCF, Aung MS, Auvinen J, Avdičová M, Avi S, Azevedo A, Azimi-Nezhad M, Azizi F, Azmin M, Babu BV, Jørgensen MB, Baharudin A, Bahijri S, Bakacs M, Balakrishna N, Balanova Y, Bamoshmoosh M, Banach M, Banegas JR, Baran J, Baran R, Barbagallo CM, Filho VB, Barceló A, Baretić M, Barkat A, Barnoya J, Barrera L, Barreto M, Barros AJD, Barros MVG, Bartosiewicz A, Basit A, Bastos JLD, Bata I, Batieha AM, Batista AP, Batista RL, Battakova Z, Baur LA, Bayauli PM, Beaglehole R, Bel-Serrat S, Belavendra A, Ben Romdhane H, Benedics J, Benet M, Rolandi GEB, Bere E, Bergh IH, Berhane Y, Berkinbayev S, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Bernotiene G, Carrasola XB, Bettiol H, Beutel ME, Beybey AF, Bezerra J, Bhagyalaxmi A, Bharadwaj S, Bhargava SK, Bi H, Bi Y, Bia D, Biasch K, Lele ECB, Bikbov MM, Bista B, Bjelica DJ, Bjerregaard AA, Bjerregaard P, Bjertness E, Bjertness MB, Björkelund C, Bloch KV, Blokstra A, Magnazu MB, Bo S, Bobak M, Boddy LM, Boehm BO, Boer JMA, Boggia JG, Bogova E, Boissonnet CP, Bojesen SE, Bonaccio M, Bongard V, Bonilla-Vargas A, Bopp M, Borghs H, Bovet P, Boymatova K, Braeckevelt L, Braeckman L, Bragt MCE, Brajkovich I, Branca F, Breckenkamp J, Breda J, Brenner H, Brewster LM, Brian GR, Briceño Y, Brinduse L, Brito M, Brophy S, Brug J, Bruno G, Bugge A, Buntinx F, Buoncristiano M, Burazeri G, Burns C, de León AC, Cacciottolo J, Cai H, Caixeta RB, Cama T, Cameron C, Camolas J, Can G, Cândido APC, Cañete F, Capanzana MV, Čapková N, Capuano E, Capuano R, Capuano V, Cardol M, Cardoso VC, Carlsson AC, Carmuega E, Carvalho J, Casajús JA, Casanueva FF, Casas M, Celikcan E, Censi L, Cervantes‐Loaiza M, Cesar JA, Chamukuttan S, Chan A, Chan Q, Chaturvedi HK, Chaturvedi N, Rahim NCA, Chee ML, Chen CJ, Chen F, Chen H, Chen S, Chen Z, Cheng CY, Cheng YJ, Cheraghian B, Chetrit A, Chikova-Iscener E, Chinapaw MJM, Chinnock A, Chiolero A, Chiou ST, Chirlaque MD, Cho B, Christensen K, Christofaro DG, Chudek J, Cifkova R, Cilia M, Cinteza E, Cirillo M, Claessens F, Clarke J, Clays E, Cohen E, Compañ-Gabucio LM, Concin H, Confortin SC, Cooper C, Coppinger TC, Corpeleijn E, Cortés LY, Costanzo S, Cottel D, Cowell C, Craig CL, Crampin AC, Cross AJ, Crujeiras AB, Cruz JJ, Csányi T, Csilla S, Cucu AM, Cui L, Cureau FV, Cuschieri S, Czenczek-Lewandowska E, D’Arrigo G, d’Orsi E, Dacica L, Dallongeville J, Damasceno A, Damsgaard CT, Dankner R, Dantoft TM, Dasgupta P, Dastgiri S, Dauchet L, Davletov K, de Assis MAA, De Backer G, De Bacquer D, De Curtis A, de Fragas Hinnig P, de Gaetano G, De Henauw S, De Miguel-Etayo P, de Oliveira PD, De Ridder D, De Ridder K, de Rooij SR, De Smedt D, Deepa M, Deev AD, DeGennaro V, Delisle H, Delpeuch F, Demarest S, Dennison E, Dereń K, Deschamps V, Dhimal M, Di Castelnuovo A, Dias-da-Costa JS, Díaz-Sánchez ME, Diaz A, Fernández PD, Ripollés MPD, Dika Z, Djalalinia S, Djordjic V, Do HTP, Dobson AJ, Dominguez L, Donati MB, Donfrancesco C, Dong G, Dong Y, Donoso SP, Döring A, Dorobantu M, Dorosty AR, Doua K, Dragano N, Drygas W, Duan JL, Duante CA, Duboz P, Duleva VL, Dulskiene V, Dumith SC, Dushpanova A, Dyussupova A, Dzerve V, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E, Echeverría G, Eddie R, Eftekhar E, Egbagbe EE, Eggertsen R, Eghtesad S, Eiben G, Ekelund U, El-Khateeb M, El Ammari L, El Ati J, Eldemire-Shearer D, Eliasen M, Elliott P, Endevelt R, Engle-Stone R, Erasmus RT, Erbel R, Erem C, Ergor G, Eriksen L, Eriksson JG, Escobedo-de la Peña J, Eslami S, Esmaeili A, Evans A, Faeh D, Fakhradiyev I, Fakhretdinova AA, Fall CH, Faramarzi E, Farjam M, Sant’Angelo VF, Fattahi MR, Fawwad A, Fawzi WW, Feigl E, Felix-Redondo FJ, Ferguson TS, Fernandes RA, Fernández-Bergés D, Ferrante D, Ferrao T, Ferrari G, Ferrari M, Ferrario MM, Ferreccio C, Ferreira HS, Ferrer E, Ferrieres J, Figueiró TH, Fijalkowska A, Fisberg M, Fischer K, Foo LH, Forsner M, Fouad HM, Francis DK, do Carmo Franco M, Fras Z, Frontera G, Fuchs FD, Fuchs SC, Fujiati II, Fujita Y, Fumihiko M, Furdela V, Furusawa T, Gaciong Z, Gafencu M, Cuesta MG, Galbarczyk A, Galenkamp H, Galeone D, Galfo M, Galvano F, Gao J, Gao P, Garcia-de-la-Hera M, Mérida MJG, Solano MG, Gareta D, Garnett SP, Gaspoz JM, Gasull M, Gaya ACA, Gaya AR, Gazzinelli A, Gehring U, Geiger H, Geleijnse JM, George R, Ghaderi E, Ghanbari A, Ghasemi E, Gheorghe-Fronea OF, Gialluisi A, Giampaoli S, Gianfagna F, Gieger C, Gill TK, Giovannelli J, Gironella G, Giwercman A, Gkiouras K, Glushkova N, Gluškova N, Godara R, Godos J, Gogen S, Goldberg M, Goltzman D, Gómez G, Gómez JHG, Gomez LF, Gómez SF, Gomula A, da Silva BGC, Gonçalves H, Gonçalves M, González-Alvarez AD, Gonzalez-Chica DA, González-Gil EM, Gonzalez-Gross M, González-Leon M, González-Rivas JP, González-Villalpando C, González-Villalpando ME, Gonzalez AR, Gottrand F, Graça AP, Graff-Iversen S, Grafnetter D, Grajda A, Grammatikopoulou MG, Gregor RD, Gregório MJ, Grøholt EK, Grøntved A, Grosso G, Gruden G, Gu D, Guajardo V, Gualdi-Russo E, Guallar-Castillón P, Gualtieri A, Gudmundsson EF, Gudnason V, Guerrero R, Guessous I, Guimaraes AL, Gulliford MC, Gunnlaugsdottir J, Gunter MJ, Guo XH, Guo Y, Gupta PC, Gupta R, Gureje O, González EG, Gutierrez L, Gutzwiller F, Gwee X, Ha S, Hadaegh F, Hadjigeorgiou CA, Haghshenas R, Hakimi H, Halkjær J, Hambleton IR, Hamzeh B, Hanekom WA, Hange D, Hanif AAM, Hantunen S, Hao J, Hardman CM, Kumar RH, Lassen TH, Harooni J, Hashemi-Shahri SM, Hassapidou M, Hata J, Haugsgjerd T, Hayes AJ, He J, He Y, He Y, Heidinger-Felső R, Heier M, Hejgaard T, Hendriks ME, dos Santos Henrique R, Henriques A, Cadena LH, Herrala S, Herrera-Cuenca M, Herrera VM, Herter-Aeberli I, Herzig KH, Heshmat R, Hill AG, Ho SY, Ho SC, Hobbs M, Höfelmann DA, Holdsworth M, Homayounfar R, Homs C, Hopman WM, Horimoto ARVR, Hormiga CM, Horta BL, Houti L, Howitt C, Htay TT, Htet AS, Htike MMT, Hu Y, Huerta JM, Huhtaniemi IT, Huiart L, Petrescu CH, Huisman M, Husseini A, Huu CN, Huybrechts I, Hwalla N, Hyska J, Iacoviello L, Iakupova EM, Ibarluzea JM, Ibrahim MM, Wong NI, Ikram MA, Iñiguez C, Iotova V, Irazola VE, Ishida T, Isiguzo GC, Islam M, Islam SMS, Islek D, Ivanova-Pandourska IY, Iwasaki M, Jääskeläinen T, Jackson RT, Jacobs JM, Jadoul M, Jafar T, Jallow B, James K, Jamil KM, Jamrozik K, Jansson A, Janszky I, Janus E, Jarani J, Jarvelin MR, Jasienska G, Jelaković A, Jelaković B, Jennings G, Jiang CQ, Jimenez RO, Jöckel KH, Joffres M, Jokelainen JJ, Jonas JB, Jonnagaddala J, Jørgensen T, Joshi P, Josipović J, Joukar F, Jóźwiak JJ, Judge DS, Juolevi A, Jurak G, Simina IJ, Juresa V, Kaaks R, Kaducu FO, Kafatos A, Kaj M, Kajantie EO, Kakutia N, Kállayová D, Kalmatayeva Z, Kalter-Leibovici O, Kameli Y, Kampmann FB, Kanala KR, Kannan S, Kapantais E, Karaglani E, Karakosta A, Kårhus LL, Karki KB, Katchunga PB, Katibeh M, Katz J, Katzmarzyk PT, Kauhanen J, Kaur P, Kavousi M, Kazakbaeva GM, Kaze FF, Ke C, Keil U, Boker LK, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Kelishadi R, Kelleher C, Kemper HCG, Keramati M, Kerimkulova A, Kersting M, Key T, Khader YS, Khaledifar A, Khalili D, Khaw KT, Kheiri B, Kheradmand M, Khosravi A, Khouw IMSL, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U, Kiechl SJ, Kiechl S, Killewo J, Kim HC, Kim J, Kindblom JM, Kingston A, Klakk H, Klimek M, Klimont J, Klumbiene J, Knoflach M, Koirala B, Kolle E, Kolsteren P, König J, Korpelainen R, Korrovits P, Korzycka M, Kos J, Koskinen S, Kouda K, Kovács É, Kovacs VA, Kovalskys I, Kowlessur S, Koziel S, Kratenova J, Kratzer W, Kriaucioniene V, Kriemler S, Kristensen PL, Krizan H, Kroker-Lobos MF, Krokstad S, Kromhout D, Kruger HS, Kruger R, Kryst Ł, Kubinova R, Kuciene R, Kujala UM, Kujundzic E, Kulaga Z, Kulimbet M, Kumar RK, Kunešová M, Kurjata P, Kusuma YS, Kutsenko V, Kuulasmaa K, Kyobutungi C, La QN, Laamiri FZ, Lachat C, Lackner KJ, Laid Y, Lall L, Lam TH, Jimenez ML, Landais E, Lanska V, Lappas G, Larijani B, Larissa SP, Latt TS, Laurenzi M, Lauria L, Lazo-Porras M, Le Coroller G, Le Nguyen Bao K, Le Port A, Le TD, Lee J, Lee J, Lee PH, Lehmann N, Lehtimäki T, Lemogoum D, Leskošek B, Leszczak J, Leth-Møller KB, Leung GM, Levitt NS, Li Y, Liivak M, Lilly CL, Lim C, Lim WY, Lima-Costa MF, Lin HH, Lin X, Lin YT, Lind L, Lingam V, Linkohr B, Linneberg A, Lissner L, Litwin M, Liu J, Liu L, Lo WC, Loit HM, Long KQ, Abril GL, Lopes L, Lopes MVV, Lopes O, Lopez-Garcia E, Lopez T, Lotufo PA, Lozano JE, Lukrafka JL, Luksiene D, Lundqvist A, Lunet N, Lunogelo C, Lustigová M, Łuszczki E, M’Buyamba-Kabangu JR, Ma G, Ma X, Machado-Coelho GLL, Machado-Rodrigues AM, Macia E, Macieira LM, Madar AA, Madsen AL, Maestre GE, Maggi S, Magliano DJ, Magnacca S, Magriplis E, Mahasampath G, Maire B, Majer M, Makdisse M, Mäki P, Malekzadeh F, Malekzadeh R, Malhotra R, Rao KM, Malyutina SK, Maniego LV, Manios Y, Manix MI, Mann JI, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Manyanga T, Manzato E, Marcil A, Margozzini P, Mariño J, Markaki A, Markey O, Ioannidou EM, Marques-Vidal P, Marques LP, Marrugat J, Martin-Prevel Y, Martin R, Martorell R, Martos E, Maruszczak K, Marventano S, Masala G, Mascarenhas LP, Masoodi SR, Mathiesen EB, Mathur P, Matijasevich A, Matłosz P, Matsha TE, Matsudo V, Mavrogianni C, Mazur A, Mbanya JCN, McFarlane SR, McGarvey ST, McKee M, McLachlan S, McLean RM, McLean SB, McNairy ML, McNulty BA, Benchekor SM, Medzioniene J, Mehdipour P, Mehlig K, Mehrparvar AH, Meirhaeghe A, Meisfjord J, Meisinger C, Melgarejo JD, Melkumova M, Mello J, Méndez F, Mendivil CO, Menezes AMB, Menon GR, Mensink GBM, Menzano MT, Meshram II, Meto DT, Mi J, Michaelsen KF, Michels N, Mikkel K, Miłkowska K, Miller JC, Milushkina O, Minderico CS, Mini GK, Miquel JF, Miranda JJ, Mirjalili MR, Mirkopoulou D, Mirrakhimov E, Mišigoj-Duraković M, Mistretta A, Mocanu V, Modesti PA, Moghaddam SS, Mohajer B, Mohamed MK, Mohamed SF, Mohammad K, Mohammadi MR, Mohammadi Z, Mohammadifard N, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohan V, Mohanna S, Yusoff MFM, Mohebbi I, Mohebi F, Moitry M, Møllehave LT, Møller NC, Molnár D, Momenan A, Mondo CK, Montenegro Mendoza RA, Monterrubio-Flores E, Monyeki KDK, Moon JS, Moosazadeh M, Mopa HT, Moradpour F, Moreira LB, Morejon A, Moreno LA, Morey F, Morgan K, Morin SN, Mortensen EL, Moschonis G, Moslem A, Mossakowska M, Mostafa A, Mostafavi SA, Mota-Pinto A, Mota J, Motlagh ME, Motta J, Moura-dos-Santos MA, Movsesyan Y, Msyamboza KP, Mu TT, Muc M, Muca F, Mugoša B, Muiesan ML, Müller-Nurasyid M, Münzel T, Mursu J, Murtagh EM, Musa KI, Milanović SM, Musil V, Musinguzi G, Muyer MTMC, Nabipour I, Naderimagham S, Nagel G, Najafi F, Nakamura H, Nalecz H, Námešná J, Nang EEK, Nangia VB, Nankap M, Narake S, Nardone P, Naseri T, Nauck M, Neal WA, Nejatizadeh A, Nekkantti C, Nelis K, Nenko I, Neovius M, Nervi F, Ng TP, Nguyen CT, Nguyen ND, Nguyen QN, Ni MY, Nicolescu R, Nie P, Nieto-Martínez RE, Nikitin YP, Ning G, Ninomiya T, Nishi N, Nishtar S, Noale M, Noboa OA, Nogueira H, Nordendahl M, Nordestgaard BG, Noto D, Nowak-Szczepanska N, Nsour MA, Nuhoğlu I, Nunes B, Nurk E, Nuwaha F, Nyirenda M, O’Neill TW, O’Reilly D, Obreja G, Ochimana C, Ochoa-Avilés AM, Oda E, Odili AN, Oh K, Ohara K, Ohlsson C, Ohtsuka R, Olafsson Ö, Olinto MTA, Oliveira IO, Omar MA, Omar SM, Onat A, Ong SK, Onland-Moret NC, Ono LM, Ordunez P, Ornelas R, Ortiz AP, Ortiz PJ, Osler M, Osmond C, Ostojic SM, Ostovar A, Otero JA, Overvad K, Owusu-Dabo E, Paccaud FM, Pagkalos I, Pahomova E, de Paiva KM, Pająk A, Palloni A, Palmieri L, Pan WH, Panda-Jonas S, Pandey A, Panza F, Paoli M, Papadopoulou SK, Papandreou D, Pareja RG, Park SW, Park S, Parnell WR, Parsaeian M, Pascanu IM, Pasquet P, Patel ND, Pattussi M, Pavlyshyn H, Pechlaner R, Pećin I, Pednekar MS, Pedro JM, Peer N, Peixoto SV, Peltonen M, Pereira AC, Peres MA, Pérez CM, Peterkova V, Peters A, Petersmann A, Petkeviciene J, Petrauskiene A, Kovtun OP, Pettenuzzo E, Peykari N, Pfeiffer N, Phall MC, Pham ST, Pichardo RN, Pierannunzio D, Pigeot I, Pikhart H, Pilav A, Pilotto L, Pistelli F, Pitakaka F, Piwonska A, Pizarro AN, Plans-Rubió P, Platonova AG, Poh BK, Pohlabeln H, Polka NS, Pop RM, Popovic SR, Porta M, Posch G, Poudyal A, Poulimeneas D, Pouraram H, Pourfarzi F, Pourshams A, Poustchi H, Pradeepa R, Price AJ, Price JF, Prista A, Providencia R, Puder JJ, Pudule I, Puiu M, Punab M, Qadir MS, Qasrawi RF, Qorbani M, Quintana HK, Quiroga-Padilla PJ, Bao TQ, Rach S, Radic I, Radisauskas R, Rahimikazerooni S, Rahman M, Rahman M, Raitakari O, Raj M, Rajabov T, Rakhmatulloev S, Rakovac I, Rao SR, Ramachandran A, Ramadan OPC, Ramires VV, Ramke J, Ramos E, Ramos R, Rampal L, Rampal S, Rangelova LS, Rarra V, Rascon-Pacheco RA, Rech CR, Redon J, Reganit PFM, Regecová V, Renner JDP, Repasy JA, Reuter CP, Revilla L, Rezaianzadeh A, Rho Y, Ribas-Barba L, Ribeiro R, Riboli E, Richter A, Rigo F, Rigotti A, Rinaldo N, Rinke de Wit TF, Rito AI, Ritti-Dias RM, Rivera JA, Roa RG, Robinson L, Robitaille C, Roccaldo R, Rodrigues D, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez M, Rodríguez-Villamizar LA, Rodríguez AY, Roggenbuck U, Rohloff P, Rohner F, Rojas-Martinez R, Rojroongwasinkul N, Romaguera D, Romeo EL, Rosario RV, Rosengren A, Rouse I, Rouzier V, Roy JGR, Ruano MH, Rubinstein A, Rühli FJ, Ruidavets JB, Ruiz-Betancourt BS, Ruiz-Castell M, Moreno ER, Rusakova IA, Jonsson KR, Russo P, Rust P, Rutkowski M, Saamel M, Sabanayagam C, Sabbaghi H, Sacchini E, Sachdev HS, Sadjadi A, Safarpour AR, Safi S, Safiri S, Saghi MH, Saidi O, Saki N, Šalaj S, Salanave B, Martinez ES, Saleva C, Salmerón D, Salomaa V, Salonen JT, Salvetti M, Samoutian M, Sánchez-Abanto J, Rodríguez IS, Sandjaja, Sans S, Marina LS, Santacruz E, Santos DA, Santos IS, Santos LC, Santos MP, Santos O, Santos R, Santos TR, Saramies JL, Sardinha LB, Sarrafzadegan N, Sathish T, Saum KU, Savva S, Savy M, Sawada N, Sbaraini M, Scazufca M, Schaan BD, Rosario AS, Schargrodsky H, Schienkiewitz A, Schindler K, Schipf S, Schmidt CO, Schmidt IM, Schneider A, Schnohr P, Schöttker B, Schramm S, Schramm S, Schröder H, Schultsz C, Schulze MB, Schutte AE, Sebert S, Sedaghattalab M, Selamat R, Sember V, Sen A, Senbanjo IO, Sepanlou SG, Sequera G, Serra-Majem L, Servais J, Ševčíková Ľ, Shalnova S, Shamah-Levy T, Shamshirgaran SM, Shanthirani CS, Sharafkhah M, Sharma SK, Shaw JE, Shayanrad A, Shayesteh AA, Shengelia L, Shi Z, Shibuya K, Shimizu-Furusawa H, Shimony T, Shiri R, Shrestha N, Si-Ramlee K, Siani A, Siantar R, Sibai AM, Sidossis LS, Silitrari N, Silva AM, de Moura Silva CR, Silva DAS, Silva KS, Sim X, Simon M, Simons J, Simons LA, Sjöberg A, Sjöström M, Skoblina NA, Skodje G, Slazhnyova T, Slowikowska-Hilczer J, Slusarczyk P, Smeeth L, So HK, Soares FC, Sobek G, Sobngwi E, Sodemann M, Söderberg S, Soekatri MYE, Soemantri A, Sofat R, Solfrizzi V, Somi MH, Sonestedt E, Song Y, Soofi S, Sørensen TIA, Sørgjerd EP, Jérome CS, Soto-Rojas VE, Soumaré A, Sousa-Poza A, Sovic S, Sparboe-Nilsen B, Sparrenberger K, Spencer PR, Spinelli A, Spiroski I, Staessen JA, Stamm H, Staub K, Stavreski B, Steene-Johannessen J, Stehle P, Stein AD, Stergiou GS, Stessman J, Stevanović R, Stieber J, Stöckl D, Stokwiszewski J, Stoyanova E, Stratton G, Stronks K, Strufaldi MW, Sturua L, Suárez-Medina R, Suka M, Sun CA, Sun L, Sundström J, Sung YT, Sunyer J, Suriyawongpaisal P, Sweis NWG, Swinburn BA, Sy RG, Sylva RC, Szklo M, Szponar L, Tabone L, Tai ES, Tambalis KD, Tammesoo ML, Tamosiunas A, Tan EJ, Tang X, Tanrygulyyeva M, Tanser F, Tao Y, Tarawneh MR, Tarp J, Tarqui-Mamani CB, Braunerová RT, Taylor A, Taylor J, Tchibindat F, Te Velde S, Tebar WR, Tell GS, Tello T, Tham YC, Thankappan KR, Theobald H, Theodoridis X, Thomas N, Thorand B, Thuesen BH, Tichá Ľ, Timmermans EJ, Tjandrarini DH, Tjonneland A, Tolonen HK, Tolstrup JS, Topbas M, Topór-Mądry R, Torheim LE, Tormo MJ, Tornaritis MJ, Torrent M, Torres-Collado L, Toselli S, Touloumi G, Traissac P, Tran TTH, Tremblay MS, Triantafyllou A, Trichopoulos D, Trichopoulou A, Trinh OTH, Trivedi A, Tsao YH, Tshepo L, Tsigga M, Tsintavis P, Tsugane S, Tuitele J, Tuliakova AM, Tulloch-Reid MK, Tullu F, Tuomainen TP, Tuomilehto J, Turley ML, Twig G, Tynelius P, Tzala E, Tzotzas T, Tzourio C, Ueda P, Ugel E, Ukoli FAM, Ulmer H, Unal B, Usupova Z, Uusitalo HMT, Uysal N, Vaitkeviciute J, Valdivia G, Vale S, Valvi D, van Dam RM, van den Born BJ, Van der Heyden J, van der Schouw YT, Van Herck K, Van Lippevelde W, Van Minh H, Van Schoor NM, van Valkengoed IGM, Vanderschueren D, Vanuzzo D, Varbo A, Varela-Moreiras G, Vargas LN, Varona-Pérez P, Vasan SK, Vasques DG, Vega T, Veidebaum T, Velasquez-Melendez G, Velika B, Verloigne M, Veronesi G, Verschuren WMM, Victora CG, Viegi G, Viet L, Vik FN, Vilar M, Villalpando S, Vioque J, Virtanen JK, Visvikis-Siest S, Viswanathan B, Vladulescu M, Vlasoff T, Vocanec D, Vollenweider P, Völzke H, Voutilainen A, Vrijheid M, Vrijkotte TGM, Wade AN, Waldhör T, Walton J, Wambiya EOA, Bebakar WMW, Mohamud WNW, de Souza Wanderley Júnior R, Wang MD, Wang N, Wang Q, Wang X, Wang YX, Wang YW, Wannamethee SG, Wareham N, Weber A, Webster-Kerr K, Wedderkopp N, Weghuber D, Wei W, Weres A, Werner B, Westbury LD, Whincup PH, Wickramasinghe K, Widhalm K, Widyahening IS, Więcek A, Wild PS, Wilks RJ, Willeit J, Willeit P, Williams J, Wilsgaard T, Wojciech R, Wojtyniak B, Wolf K, Wong-McClure RA, Wong A, Wong EB, Wong JE, Wong TY, Woo J, Woodward M, Wu FC, Wu HY, Wu J, Wu LJ, Wu S, Wyszyńska J, Xu H, Xu L, Yaacob NA, Yamborisut U, Yan W, Yang L, Yang X, Yang Y, Yardim N, Yasuharu T, García MY, Yiallouros PK, Yngve A, Yoosefi M, Yoshihara A, You QS, You SL, Younger-Coleman NO, Yu YL, Yu Y, Yusof SM, Yusoff AF, Zaccagni L, Zafiropulos V, Zainuddin AA, Zakavi SR, Zamani F, Zambon S, Zampelas A, Zamrazilová H, Zapata ME, Zargar AH, Zaw KK, Zayed AA, Zdrojewski T, Żegleń M, Zejglicova K, Vrkic TZ, Zeng Y, Zhang L, Zhang ZY, Zhao D, Zhao MH, Zhao W, Zhecheva YV, Zhen S, Zheng W, Zheng Y, Zholdin B, Zhou M, Zhu D, Zins M, Zitt E, Zocalo Y, Zoghlami N, Cisneros JZ, Zuziak M, Bhutta ZA, Black RE, Ezzati M. Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents' growth and development. Nature 2023; 615:874-883. [PMID: 36991188 PMCID: PMC10060164 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1-6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5-19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m-2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified.
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Nath A, SathishKumar K, Das P, Lakshminarayana SK, Santhappan S, Natarajan S, Karuppasamy S, Narasimhan S, Venkataiah R, Mathur P. Need for accelerating tobacco control in India: findings from the national cancer registry programme. Eur J Cancer Prev 2023; 32:184-194. [PMID: 36134614 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the epidemiology of cancer in sites associated with tobacco use in India, according to recent findings from the National Cancer Registry Programme. METHODS The data on cancers in sites associated with tobacco use has been sourced from 28 population-based and 58 hospital-based cancer registries of the National Cancer Registry Programme in India. The data covering a period of 5 years (2012-2016) was taken up for analysis. RESULTS The highest age-adjusted incidence rate (AAR) among males was reported in the Aizawl district in Mizoram (197.3 per 100 000). The AAR was the highest (121.1 per 100 000) in the Papumpare district in females. The top five leading sites were cancers of the lung (10.7%), mouth (8.7%), oesophagus (6%), tongue (6%) and stomach (5%) among males and cancer of the cervix (10.3%), lung (4.3%), oesophagus (3.3%), mouth (3.3%) and tongue (2.7%) in females. The highest significant increase in AAR, indicated by the annual percentage change was seen among males in Aurangabad (3.4) and females in Kamrup urban (2.4). Except for lung cancer, most patients with other cancer types among both genders presented to the health facility with a locoregional (spread to nearby lymph nodes) disease spread. It is projected that in 2025, there will be 694367 cases of cancers in the sites associated with tobacco use. CONCLUSION Tobacco uses in either form and cancer in sites associated with tobacco use are an important matter of public health concern in India. Cancer registries play a crucial role in identifying populations with high cancer incidence in sites associated with tobacco use, monitoring the trends over time, and evaluating the impact of tobacco control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Nath
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post Bengaluru 562 110, India
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Prakash S, Aasarey R, Pandey PK, Mathur P, Arulselvi S. An inexpensive and rapid diagnostic method for detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). MethodsX 2023; 10:102011. [PMID: 36643803 PMCID: PMC9831977 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2023.102011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a public pandemic health concern globally. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples are used for Covid-19 viral detection. Sample collection procedure was tedious and uncomfortable and unsuitable for biochemical and CBC analysis in swab samples. Biochemistry and CBC tests are key determinant in management of Covid-19 patients. We developed a LAMP test to detect viral RNA in blood samples. LAMP is required four specific primers targeting the internal transcribed S-region and loop primers for viral RNA amplification. RNA was extracted from blood samples by TRIzol method. LAMP reaction was performed at 60 °C for 1 hour and amplicons were visualized in HNB dye. No cross-reactivity was seen with HBV, HCV, and HIV infected sample. Out of 40 blood samples, 33 samples were positive for LAMP and Q-PCR analysis, one sample was positive for LAMP and negative for Q-PCR, two samples were negative for LAMP but positive for Q-PCR, and four blood samples were negative for LAMP and Q-PCR. LAMP method has an accuracy of 92.50%, with sensitivity and specificity of 94.28% and 80%, respectively. Thus, LAMP diagnostic test has proved reliable, fast, inexpensive and can be useful for detection where the limited resources available.•LAMP method is a potential tool for detection of SARS-CoV-2.•Blood samples are the key determinant for routine diagnostics as well as molecular diagnostics.•LAMP assay is an appropriate diagnostics method which offers greater simplicity, low cost, sensitivity, and specificity than other methods in molecular diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Prakash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - R Aasarey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - P K Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - P Mathur
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - S Arulselvi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
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Nath A, Mathur P. Strengthening Cancer Surveillance in India: Role of the National Cancer Registry Programme. Indian J Surg Oncol 2022; 13:2-7. [PMID: 36691518 PMCID: PMC9859961 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-021-01473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer registries are an integral part of cancer surveillance and play a vital role in collecting and managing surveillance data. The National Cancer Registry Programme in India, which has been functional since 1981, has a wide network of 269 hospital-based and 38 population-based cancer registries functioning throughout the country. Cancer registries monitor and describe the trends in cancer incidence and mortality over time. They also provide vital information on the cancer caseload, such as the number of cancer patients in a specified location or the number of patients availing of care at a specific hospital. As a part of cancer surveillance, registries also play a critical role in designing cancer control plans, gauging the impact of primary and secondary preventive measures, and strengthening health systems. The data on cancer incidence have provided critical inputs to the central, state, and local government to plan, prioritize, and mobilize health resources for cancer control interventions. The role of cancer registries as a surveillance tool could be further strengthened by long-term sustainability through strong political will, making cancer a notifiable disease to facilitate reporting and linking cancer registries with medical records for better data capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Nath
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhavan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Kannamangala, 562110 India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhavan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Kannamangala, 562110 India
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Chaturvedi M, Sathishkumar K, Lakshminarayana SK, Nath A, Das P, Mathur P. Women cancers in India: Incidence, trends and their clinical extent from the National Cancer Registry Programme. Cancer Epidemiol 2022; 80:102248. [PMID: 36084531 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To provide a comprehensive assessment of women cancer in India utilizing the systematically collected data on all cancers by the National Cancer Registry Programme (NCRP). METHODS The study examined 10,2287 cancer cases among women cancers providing cancer burden for major anatomical sites. Aggregated data of 28 PBCRs and 58 HBCRs under NCRP for 2012-16 was analysed for incidence rates, trends, cumulative risk of developing cancer, stage at detection and treatments offered. RESULTS Study results have found region -wide variation of women cancers by indicating highest proportions in western followed by southern region of India. North-Eastern region had lowest proportion. It was observed that breast is highest ranking cancer in most registry areas of urban agglomerations of country while cancer cervix was leading site in registries of rural areas like Barshi (15.3) and Osmanabad &Beed (13.1). States of Mizoram (23.2) and Tripura (9.5) along with Pasighat, Cachar and Nagaland. Median age of occurrence for women for these anatomical sites ranged from 45 to 60 years of age. For cancer breast, cervix and ovary -most cases were detected with regional spread. These findings were different for cancer corpus uteri where registries have reported higher proportions (49.3 %) of localized stage at detection. Loco regional cancers had higher proportions of multimodality treatments. CONCLUSION Study provides a foundation for assessing the status of women cancers in the country. Variations between geographies would guide appropriate support for action to strengthen efforts to improve cancer prevention and control in underserved areas of the country. This would facilitate advocacy for better investments and research on women cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meesha Chaturvedi
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Cancer Registry Programme, Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post, Bangalore 562 110, India
| | - Krishnan Sathishkumar
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Cancer Registry Programme, Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post, Bangalore 562 110, India
| | - Sudarshan Kondalli Lakshminarayana
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Cancer Registry Programme, Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post, Bangalore 562 110, India
| | - Anita Nath
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Cancer Registry Programme, Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post, Bangalore 562 110, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Cancer Registry Programme, Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post, Bangalore 562 110, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Cancer Registry Programme, Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post, Bangalore 562 110, India.
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Sathishkumar K, Chaturvedi M, Das P, Stephen S, Mathur P. Cancer incidence estimates for 2022 & projection for 2025: Result from National Cancer Registry Programme, India. Indian J Med Res 2022; 156:598-607. [PMID: 36510887 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1821_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives Information on recent cancer statistics is important for planning, monitoring and evaluating cancer control activities. This article aims to provide an update on the cancer incidence estimates in India by sex, age groups and anatomical sites for the year 2022. Methods The National Cancer Registry Programme Report 2020, reported the cancer incidence from 28 Population-Based Cancer Registries (PBCRs) for the years 2012-2016. This was used as the basis to calculate cancer estimates in India. Information pertaining to the population at risk was extracted from the Census of India (2001 and 2011) for the estimation of age-sex stratified population. PBCRs were categorised into the respective State and regions of the country to understand the epidemiology of cancer. The age-specific incidence rate for each specific anatomical site of cancer was applied to the estimated population to derive the number of cancer cases in India for 2022. Results The estimated number of incident cases of cancer in India for the year 2022 was found to be 14,61,427 (crude rate:100.4 per 100,000). In India, one in nine people are likely to develop cancer in his/her lifetime. Lung and breast cancers were the leading sites of cancer in males and females, respectively. Among the childhood (0-14 yr) cancers, lymphoid leukaemia (boys: 29.2% and girls: 24.2%) was the leading site. The incidence of cancer cases is estimated to increase by 12.8 per cent in 2025 as compared to 2020. Interpretation & conclusions The cancer incidence is continuing to increase in India. The new estimates will be helpful in planning cancer prevention and control activities through the intervention of early detection, risk reduction and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Sathishkumar
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Meesha Chaturvedi
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Stephen
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Nath A, Sudarshan KL, Rajput GK, Mathew S, Chandrika KRR, Mathur P. A rapid assessment of the impact of coronavirus disease (COVID- 19) pandemic on health care & service delivery for noncommunicable diseases in India. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2022; 16:102607. [PMID: 36115089 PMCID: PMC9451930 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic had disrupted the availability, access and utilisation of routine health care services. The present study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on India's Non communicable Disease (NCD) health care service delivery. METHODS The study included existing hospitals in disease registry network of the Indian Council of Medical Research-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (ICMR-NCDIR), Bengaluru. The study participants comprised site investigators who were clinicians from many specialities, including general medicine, surgery, cancer, neurology, cardiology, and endocrinology. A standardised questionnaire was prepared to collect data on NCD health care services at the respective hospitals over three months from March to May 2020. RESULTS Out of 153 hospitals approached for the study, 106 (70%) agreed to participate. Of these, 16 hospitals fully converted for COVID-19 care were excluded from the study. Thus, data from 90 hospitals were included in the final analysis. There had been a total disruption of NCD-related healthcare services during the three months in 44% of the hospitals. In April 2020, the outpatient attendance for over one-third of the hospitals was reduced by more than 75%. Admissions for planned surgeries for cancer treatment were reduced by more than 75% for about 40% of the hospitals. Preventive activities and population-based screening for diabetes, hypertension and cancer appear to have been adversely affected, with about one-third of the hospitals reporting total disruption in April and May 2020. As many as 60% of the institutions reported adequate availability of doctors. Over 91% of the institutions had preparedness/action plans to ensure the continuity of NCD services. CONCLUSION The study shows that despite adequate human and material resources, NCD outpatient services, elective surgeries and population-based screening were severely affected. Most institutions were prepared to overcome the pandemic-imposed disruption and ensure a continuum of care for NCDs'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Nath
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), Bengaluru, India.
| | | | - Gurpreet Kaur Rajput
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), Bengaluru, India.
| | - Stany Mathew
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), Bengaluru, India.
| | | | - Prashant Mathur
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (Indian Council of Medical Research), Bengaluru, India.
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Ramamoorthy T, Sathishkumar K, Das P, Sudarshan KL, Mathur P. Epidemiology of human papillomavirus related cancers in India: findings from the National Cancer Registry Programme. Ecancermedicalscience 2022; 16:1444. [PMID: 36405943 PMCID: PMC9666279 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2022.1444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes more than one-fourth of infection related cancers globally. The present study summarises the epidemiology of HPV related cancers in India, with a special focus on cervical and oropharyngeal cancer, utilising the National Cancer Registry Programme (NCRP) data. The data on HPV related cancer incidence and treatment were extracted from 28 population-based and 96 hospital-based cancer registries under the NCRP network. Incidence was presented as rates, clinical extent of disease and treatment provided as percentages. Joinpoint regression analysis was performed to calculate annual percent change in age adjusted incidence rates (AARs) over time. Incidence of HPV related cancers for 2025 was projected. Among all cancers, 7.5% were HPV related cancers. Cervical cancer (87.6%) and oropharyngeal cancer (63.2%) were the most common HPV related cancers in India among females and males, respectively. Cervical cancer was highest in Papumpare district (AAR: 27.7 per 100,000) and oropharyngeal cancer among males in East Khasi Hills district Population Based Cancer Registry (AAR: 11.4 per 100,000). In most PBCRS, cervical cancer incidence rate decreased significantly over the period of time. The majority of these cancers presented at locoregional spread stage of the disease and were treated with chemoradiation. The projected incidence of HPV related cancers is expected to increase to 121,302 by 2025. Implementation of effective prevention and control strategies like HPV vaccination and scaling up of screening could reduce the burden of HPV related cancers. Evidence from NCRP serves as the baseline to monitor the impact of HPV related policies and programmes in improving the outcome and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilagavathi Ramamoorthy
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru-562 110, Karnataka, India
| | - Krishnan Sathishkumar
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru-562 110, Karnataka, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru-562 110, Karnataka, India
| | - Kondalli Lakshminarayana Sudarshan
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru-562 110, Karnataka, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru-562 110, Karnataka, India
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Amarchand R, Kulothungan V, Krishnan A, Mathur P. Correction to: Hypertension treatment cascade in India: results from National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring Survey. J Hum Hypertens 2022; 36:943. [PMID: 35918509 PMCID: PMC9553641 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-022-00727-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ritvik Amarchand
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan
- Indian Council Medical Research (ICMR)-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Anand Krishnan
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- Indian Council Medical Research (ICMR)-National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
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Kaur P, Borah PK, Uike PV, Mohapatra PK, Das NK, Gaigaware P, Tobgay KJ, Tushi A, Zorinsangi, Mazumdar G, Marak B, Pizi D, Chakma T, Sugunan AP, Vijayachari P, Bhardwaj RR, Arambam PC, Kutum T, Sharma A, Pal P, Shanmugapriya PC, Manivel P, Kaliyamoorthy N, Chakma J, Mathur P, Dhaliwal RS, Mahanta J, Mehendale SM. Non-communicable diseases as a major contributor to deaths in 12 tribal districts in India. Indian J Med Res 2022; 156:250-259. [PMID: 36629184 PMCID: PMC10057361 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_3332_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death in India. Although studies have reported a high prevalence of NCD in tribal populations, there are limited data pertaining mortality due to NCDs. Therefore, in this study we estimated the proportion of deaths due to NCDs among 15 yr and older age group in tribal districts in India. Methods We conducted a community-based survey in 12 districts (one per State) with more than 50 per cent tribal population. Data were collected using a verbal autopsy tool from the family member of the deceased. The estimated sample size was 452 deaths per district. We obtained the list of deaths for the reference period of one year and updated it during the survey. The cause of death was assigned using the International Classification of Diseases-10 classification and analyzed the proportions of causes of death. The age-standardized death rate (ASRD) was also estimated. Results We surveyed 5292 deaths among those above 15 years of age. Overall, NCDs accounted for 66 per cent of the deaths, followed by infectious diseases (15%) and injuries (11%). Cardiovascular diseases were the leading cause of death in 10 of the 12 sites. In East Garo Hills (18%) and Lunglei (26%), neoplasms were the leading cause of death. ASRD due to NCD ranged from 426 in Kinnaur to 756 per 100,000 in East Garo Hills. Interpretation & conclusions The findings of this community-based survey suggested that NCDs were the leading cause of death among the tribal populations in India. It is hence suggested that control of NCDs should be one of the public health priorities for tribal districts in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhdeep Kaur
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P K Borah
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Pankaj V Uike
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P K Mohapatra
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Nabajit Kr Das
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Pooja Gaigaware
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karma Jigme Tobgay
- Department of Health Care, Human Services & Family Welfare, Government of Sikkim, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Aonungdok Tushi
- Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Nagaland, Mokokchung, Nagaland, India
| | - Zorinsangi
- Health & Family Welfare Department, Government of Mizoram, Aizwal, Mizoram, India
| | | | - Bibha Marak
- Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Meghalaya, East Garo Hills, Meghalaya, India
| | - Dirang Pizi
- Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Arunachal Pradesh, East Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tapas Chakma
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - A P Sugunan
- Department of Microbiology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Island
| | - P Vijayachari
- Department of Microbiology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Island
| | - Rakesh R Bhardwaj
- Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Himachal Pradesh, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Probin C Arambam
- Directorate of Health Services, Government of Manipur, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Tridip Kutum
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Anand Sharma
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Piyalee Pal
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P C Shanmugapriya
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prathab Manivel
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Neelakandan Kaliyamoorthy
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Joy Chakma
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - R S Dhaliwal
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - J Mahanta
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Sanjay M Mehendale
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kaur P, Borah PK, Gaigaware P, Mohapatra PK, R Das NK, Uike PV, Tobgay KJ, Tushi A, Zorinsangi, Mazumdar G, Marak B, Pizi D, Chakma T, Sugunan AP, Vijayachari P, Bhardwaj RR, Arambam PC, Kutum T, Sharma A, Pal P, Shanmugapriya PC, Manivel P, Kaliyamoorthy N, Chakma J, Mathur P, Dhaliwal RS, Mahanta J, Mehendale SM. Preparedness of primary & secondary care health facilities for the management of non-communicable diseases in tribal population across 12 districts in India. Indian J Med Res 2022; 156:260-268. [PMID: 36629185 PMCID: PMC10057372 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_3248_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are highly prevalent in the tribal populations; however, there are limited data regarding health system preparedness to tackle NCDs among these populations. We estimated the availability of human resources, equipment, drugs, services and knowledge of doctors for NCD management in the selected tribal districts in India. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 12 districts (one from each State) with at least 50 per cent tribal population in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha and eight northeastern States. Primary health centres (PHCs), community health centres (CHCs) and district/sub-district hospitals (DHs) were surveyed and data on screening and treatment services, human resources, equipment, drugs and information systems indicators were collected and analysed. The data were presented as proportions. Results In the present study 177 facilities were surveyed, including 156 PHCs/CHCs and 21 DHs. DHs and the majority (82-96%) of the PHCs/CHCs provided outpatient treatment for diabetes and hypertension. Overall, 97 per cent of PHCs/CHCs had doctors, and 78 per cent had staff nurses. The availability of digital blood pressure monitors ranged from 35 to 43 per cent, and drugs were either not available or inadequate. Among 213 doctors, three-fourths knew the correct criteria for hypertension diagnosis, and a few correctly reported diabetes diagnosis criteria. Interpretation & conclusions The results of this study suggest that the health system of the studied tribal districts was not adequately prepared to manage NCDs. The key challenges included inadequately trained workforce and a lack of equipment and drugs. It is suggested that capacity building and, procurement and distribution of equipment, drugs and information systems to track NCD patients should be the key focus areas of national programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhdeep Kaur
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P K Borah
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Pooja Gaigaware
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P K Mohapatra
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Nabajit K R Das
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Pankaj V Uike
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karma Jigme Tobgay
- Department of Health Care, Human Services & Family Welfare, Government of Sikkim, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Aonungdok Tushi
- Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Nagaland, Mokokchung, Nagaland, India
| | - Zorinsangi
- Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Mizoram, Aizwal, Mizoram, India
| | | | - Bibha Marak
- Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Meghalaya, East Garo Hills, Meghalaya, India
| | - Dirang Pizi
- Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Arunachal Pradesh, East Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tapas Chakma
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR- National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - A P Sugunan
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India
| | - P Vijayachari
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India
| | - Rakesh R Bhardwaj
- Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Himachal Pradesh, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Probin C Arambam
- Directorate of Health Services, Government of Manipur, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Tridip Kutum
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Anand Sharma
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Piyalee Pal
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P C Shanmugapriya
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Prathab Manivel
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Neelakandan Kaliyamoorthy
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Joy Chakma
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- ICMR-National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - R S Dhaliwal
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - J Mahanta
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Sanjay M Mehendale
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sharma R, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abd-Rabu R, Abidi H, Abu-Gharbieh E, Acuna JM, Adhikari S, Advani SM, Afzal MS, Aghaie Meybodi M, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad S, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi S, Ahmed H, Ahmed LA, Ahmed MB, Al Hamad H, Alahdab F, Alanezi FM, Alanzi TM, Alhalaiqa FAN, Alimohamadi Y, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Alkhayyat M, Almustanyir S, Al-Raddadi RM, Alvand S, Alvis-Guzman N, Amini S, Ancuceanu R, Anoushiravani A, Anoushirvani AA, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Arabloo J, Aryannejad A, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Athari SS, Ausloos F, Ausloos M, Awedew AF, Awoke MA, Ayana TM, Azadnajafabad S, Azami H, Azangou-Khyavy M, Azari Jafari A, Badiye AD, Bagherieh S, Bahadory S, Baig AA, Baker JL, Banach M, Barrow A, Berhie AY, Besharat S, Bhagat DS, Bhagavathula AS, Bhala N, Bhattacharyya K, Bhojaraja VS, Bibi S, Bijani A, Biondi A, Bjørge T, Bodicha BBA, Braithwaite D, Brenner H, Calina D, Cao C, Cao Y, Carreras G, Carvalho F, Cerin E, Chakinala RC, Cho WCS, Chu DT, Conde J, Costa VM, Cruz-Martins N, Dadras O, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, Danielewicz A, Demeke FM, Demissie GD, Desai R, Dhamnetiya D, Dianatinasab M, Diaz D, Didehdar M, Doaei S, Doan LP, Dodangeh M, Eghbalian F, Ejeta DD, Ekholuenetale M, Ekundayo TC, El Sayed I, Elhadi M, Enyew DB, Eyayu T, Ezzeddini R, Fakhradiyev IR, Farooque U, Farrokhpour H, Farzadfar F, Fatehizadeh A, Fattahi H, Fattahi N, Fereidoonnezhad M, Fernandes E, Fetensa G, Filip I, Fischer F, Foroutan M, Gaal PA, Gad MM, Gallus S, Garg T, Getachew T, Ghamari SH, Ghashghaee A, Ghith N, Gholamalizadeh M, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Gizaw AT, Glasbey JC, Golechha M, Goleij P, Gonfa KB, Gorini G, Guha A, Gupta S, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Haddadi R, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halwani R, Haque S, Hariri S, Hasaballah AI, Hassanipour S, Hay SI, Herteliu C, Holla R, Hosseini MS, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Househ M, Huang J, Humayun A, Iavicoli I, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Islami F, Iwagami M, Jahani MA, Jakovljevic M, Javaheri T, Jayawardena R, Jebai R, Jha RP, Joo T, Joseph N, Joukar F, Jozwiak JJ, Kabir A, Kalhor R, Kamath A, Kapoor N, Karaye IM, Karimi A, Kauppila JH, Kazemi A, Keykhaei M, Khader YS, Khajuria H, Khalilov R, Khanali J, Khayamzadeh M, Khodadost M, Kim H, Kim MS, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kolahi AA, Koohestani HR, Kopec JA, Koteeswaran R, Koyanagi A, Krishnamoorthy Y, Kumar GA, Kumar M, Kumar V, La Vecchia C, Lami FH, Landires I, Ledda C, Lee SW, Lee WC, Lee YY, Leong E, Li B, Lim SS, Lobo SW, Loureiro JA, Lunevicius R, Madadizadeh F, Mahmoodpoor A, Majeed A, Malekpour MR, Malekzadeh R, Malik AA, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Mantovani LG, Martorell M, Masoudi S, Mathur P, Meena JK, Mehrabi Nasab E, Mendoza W, Mentis AFA, Mestrovic T, Miao Jonasson J, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Mijena GFW, Mirmoeeni S, Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari M, Mirzaei H, Misra S, Mohammad KA, Mohammadi E, Mohammadi S, Mohammadi SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammed S, Mohammed TA, Moka N, Mokdad AH, Mokhtari Z, Molokhia M, Momtazmanesh S, Monasta L, Moradi G, Moradzadeh R, Moraga P, Morgado-da-Costa J, Mubarik S, Mulita F, Naghavi M, Naimzada MD, Nam HS, Natto ZS, Nayak BP, Nazari J, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Negoi I, Nguyen CT, Nguyen SH, Noor NM, Noori M, Noori SMA, Nuñez-Samudio V, Nzoputam CI, Oancea B, Odukoya OO, Oguntade AS, Okati-Aliabad H, Olagunju AT, Olagunju TO, Ong S, Ostroff SM, Padron-Monedero A, Pakzad R, Pana A, Pandey A, Pashazadeh Kan F, Patel UK, Paudel U, Pereira RB, Perumalsamy N, Pestell RG, Piracha ZZ, Pollok RCG, Pourshams A, Pourtaheri N, Prashant A, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Rafiei S, Rahman M, Rahmani AM, Rahmanian V, Rajai N, Rajesh A, Ramezani-Doroh V, Ramezanzadeh K, Ranabhat K, Rashedi S, Rashidi A, Rashidi M, Rashidi MM, Rastegar M, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rawassizadeh R, Razeghinia MS, Renzaho AMN, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaei S, Rezaeian M, Rezazadeh-Khadem S, Roshandel G, Saber-Ayad MM, Saberzadeh-Ardestani B, Saddik B, Sadeghi H, Saeed U, Sahebazzamani M, Sahebkar A, Salek Farrokhi A, Salimi A, Salimzadeh H, Samadi P, Samaei M, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Santric-Milicevic MM, Saqib MAN, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Satpathy M, Schneider IJC, Šekerija M, Sepanlou SG, Seylani A, Sha F, Shafiee SM, Shaghaghi Z, Shahabi S, Shaker E, Sharifian M, Sharifi-Rad J, Sheikhbahaei S, Shetty JK, Shirkoohi R, Shobeiri P, Siddappa Malleshappa SK, Silva DAS, Silva Julian G, Singh AD, Singh JA, Siraj MS, Sivandzadeh GR, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Socea B, Solmi M, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Song S, Szerencsés V, Szócska M, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabibian E, Taheri M, TaheriAbkenar Y, Taherkhani A, Talaat IM, Tan KK, Tbakhi A, Tesfaye B, Tiyuri A, Tollosa DN, Touvier M, Tran BX, Tusa BS, Ullah I, Ullah S, Vacante M, Valadan Tahbaz S, Veroux M, Vo B, Vos T, Wang C, Westerman R, Woldemariam M, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yang L, Yazdanpanah F, Yu C, Yuce D, Yunusa I, Zadnik V, Zahir M, Zare I, Zhang ZJ, Zoladl M. Global, regional, and national burden of colorectal cancer and its risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 7:627-647. [PMID: 35397795 PMCID: PMC9192760 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(22)00044-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Given the recent increasing trends in colorectal cancer incidence globally, up-to-date information on the colorectal cancer burden could guide screening, early detection, and treatment strategies, and help effectively allocate resources. We examined the temporal patterns of the global, regional, and national burden of colorectal cancer and its risk factors in 204 countries and territories across the past three decades. METHODS Estimates of incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for colorectal cancer were generated as a part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 by age, sex, and geographical location for the period 1990-2019. Mortality estimates were produced using the cause of death ensemble model. We also calculated DALYs attributable to risk factors that had evidence of causation with colorectal cancer. FINDINGS Globally, between 1990 and 2019, colorectal cancer incident cases more than doubled, from 842 098 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 810 408-868 574) to 2·17 million (2·00-2·34), and deaths increased from 518 126 (493 682-537 877) to 1·09 million (1·02-1·15). The global age-standardised incidence rate increased from 22·2 (95% UI 21·3-23·0) per 100 000 to 26·7 (24·6-28·9) per 100 000, whereas the age-standardised mortality rate decreased from 14·3 (13·5-14·9) per 100 000 to 13·7 (12·6-14·5) per 100 000 and the age-standardised DALY rate decreased from 308·5 (294·7-320·7) per 100 000 to 295·5 (275·2-313·0) per 100 000 from 1990 through 2019. Taiwan (province of China; 62·0 [48·9-80·0] per 100 000), Monaco (60·7 [48·5-73·6] per 100 000), and Andorra (56·6 [42·8-71·9] per 100 000) had the highest age-standardised incidence rates, while Greenland (31·4 [26·0-37·1] per 100 000), Brunei (30·3 [26·6-34·1] per 100 000), and Hungary (28·6 [23·6-34·0] per 100 000) had the highest age-standardised mortality rates. From 1990 through 2019, a substantial rise in incidence rates was observed in younger adults (age <50 years), particularly in high Socio-demographic Index (SDI) countries. Globally, a diet low in milk (15·6%), smoking (13·3%), a diet low in calcium (12·9%), and alcohol use (9·9%) were the main contributors to colorectal cancer DALYs in 2019. INTERPRETATION The increase in incidence rates in people younger than 50 years requires vigilance from researchers, clinicians, and policy makers and a possible reconsideration of screening guidelines. The fast-rising burden in low SDI and middle SDI countries in Asia and Africa calls for colorectal cancer prevention approaches, greater awareness, and cost-effective screening and therapeutic options in these regions. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Mathur P, Roy S, Nasir Khan M, Mukherjee S. Hydrogen sulphide (H 2 S) in the hidden half: Role in root growth, stress signalling and rhizospheric interactions. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2022; 24:559-568. [PMID: 35334141 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Apart from nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) has emerged as a potential gasotransmitter that has regulatory roles in root differentiation, proliferation and stress signalling. H2 S metabolism in plants exhibits spatio-temporal differences that are intimately associated with sulphide signalling in the cytosol and other subcellular components, e.g. chloroplast and mitochondria. H2 S biosynthesis in plant organs uses both enzymatic and non-enzymatic pathways. H2 S generation in roots and aerial organs is modulated by developmental phase and changes in environmental stimuli. H2 S has an influential role in root development and in the nodulation process. Studies have revealed that H2 S is a part of the auxin and NO signalling pathways in roots, which induce lateral root formation. At the molecular level, exogenous application of H2 S regulates expression of several transcription factors, viz. LBD (Lateral organ Boundaries Domain), MYB (myeloblastosis) and AP2/ERF (Apetala 2/ Ethylene Response Factor), which stimulate upregulation of PpLBD16 (Lateral organ boundaries domain 16), thereby significantly increasing the number of lateral roots. Concomitantly, H2 S acts as a crucial signalling molecule in roots during various abiotic stresses, e.g. drought, salinity heavy metals (HMs), etc., and augments stress tolerance in plants. Interestingly, extensive crosstalk exists between H2 S, NO, ABA, calcium and ethylene during stress, which escalate plant defence and regulate plant growth and productivity. Hence, the present review will elaborate the role of H2 S in root development, stress alleviation, legume-Rhizobium symbiosis and rhizosphere signalling. The review also examines the mechanism of H2 S-mediated abiotic stress mitigation and cross-talk with other signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mathur
- Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, India
| | - S Roy
- Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, India
| | - M Nasir Khan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, Jangipur, India
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Mishra SR, Mathur P, Pattnaik PK. Hybrid Nanofluid Flow of Non-Newtonian Casson Fluid for the Analysis of Entropy Through a Permeable Medium. j nanofluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1166/jon.2022.1846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of an electrically conducting fluid through a rotating channel is used for the enhancement of heat transfer properties. The entropy analysis due to the irreversibility of the system for the non-Newtonian Casson hybrid nanofluid is proposed in this
investigation. Ethylene glycol (EG) is considered as the base liquid in which the metal nanoparticle i.e., copper (Cu) and oxide like aluminium oxide (Al2O3) nanoparticles are submerged into it for the preparation of nanofluid. In addition, the implementation of radiative
heat, viscous and Joule dissipation in the energy equation enhance the profile as well. The dimensionless for of the governing equations are obtained by using suitable similarity transformations. The solution is obtained numerically for both the primary and the secondary velocity distributions
along with the temperature profiles and the physical significance of the pertinent parameters are presented via graphs. The simulated results for the rate coefficients at both the walls are presented in tabular form. Further, the irreversibility process for the thermal system i.e., the entropy
analysis is carried out for the several parameters along with the Bejan number and deliberated clearly. Further, the important findings are; an increasing rotation retards the thickness of the bounding surface of the primary velocity near the lower wall however, significant augmentation in
the shear rate as well as heat transfer rate is revealed for the augmenting magnetic and the rotation parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. R. Mishra
- Department of Mathematics, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751030, Odisha, India
| | - P. Mathur
- Department of Mathematics, Poornima Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jaipur 302022, Rajasthan, India
| | - P. K. Pattnaik
- Department of Mathematics, University of Technology and Research, Bhubaneswar 751029, Odisha, India
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Ramamoorthy T, Leburu S, Kulothungan V, Mathur P. Regional estimates of noncommunicable diseases associated risk factors among adults in India: results from National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring Survey. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1069. [PMID: 35637501 PMCID: PMC9150326 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13466-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study describes regional differences and determinants on key noncommunicable disease (NCD) risk factors in adults from the National NCD Monitoring Survey (NNMS) across six geographic regions of India. Methods The NNMS was a cross-sectional multistage cluster survey conducted in 2017–18, on a representative sample of 300 urban and 300 rural primary sampling units (PSU) covering 20 households per PSU. One adult aged 18–69 years per household was selected using the KISH grid. Globally standard survey tools were adapted for data collection. To arrive at regional estimates, the country was divided into six regions (south, north, central, west, east and northeast) based on the distribution of a national sample. The results are presented as proportion with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify NCD risk factor determinants significant in the regions. A p-value < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance. Results The overall survey response rate was 96.3%. The prevalence of current tobacco (45.7%) and alcohol use (22.3%) was significantly high in the northeast region. The highest proportion of adults from northern India showed low levels of physical activity (49.6%). The prevalence of metabolic risk factors — obesity (12.5%), raised fasting blood glucose (21.2%) and raised blood pressure (35.6%) was highest in south India. The prevalence of raised blood pressure was high in north India (35.2%) similar in proportion to south India. Clustering of ≥3 risk factors (50.1%) and ten-year CVD risk of ≥30% or with existing CVD (18.1%) was highest in south India when compared to other regions. Older age, urban residents, alcohol consumption and overweight/obesity were significantly associated with higher odds of raised blood pressure and raised fasting blood glucose. Conclusion The NNMS presents variations in NCD risk factors within the regions of India. It contributes to robust evidence for strengthening interventions and monitoring the progress in reducing NCDs and their associated risk factors. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13466-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilagavathi Ramamoorthy
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Sravya Leburu
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- Indian Council of Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India.
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Kulothungan V, Sathishkumar K, Leburu S, Ramamoorthy T, Stephen S, Basavarajappa D, Tomy N, Mohan R, Menon GR, Mathur P. Burden of cancers in India - estimates of cancer crude incidence, YLLs, YLDs and DALYs for 2021 and 2025 based on National Cancer Registry Program. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:527. [PMID: 35546232 PMCID: PMC9092762 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09578-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer is the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The cancer burden varies within the regions of India posing great challenges in its prevention and control. The national burden assessment remains as a task which relies on statistical models in many developing countries, including India, due to cancer not being a notifiable disease. This study quantifies the cancer burden in India for 2016, adjusted mortality to incidence (AMI) ratio and projections for 2021 and 2025 from the National Cancer Registry Program (NCRP) and other publicly available data sources. Methods Primary data on cancer incidence and mortality between 2012 and 2016 from 28 Population Based Cancer Registries (PBCRs), all-cause mortality from Sample Registration Systems (SRS) 2012–16, lifetables and disability weight from World Health Organization (WHO), the population from Census of India and cancer prevalence using the WHO-DisMod-II tool were used for this study. The AMI ratio was estimated using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method from longitudinal NCRP-PBCR data (2001–16). The burden was quantified at national and sub-national levels as crude incidence, mortality, Years of Life Lost (YLLs), Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). The projections for the years 2021 and 2025 were done by the negative binomial regression model using STATA. Results The projected cancer burden in India for 2021 was 26.7 million DALYsAMI and expected to increase to 29.8 million in 2025. The highest burden was in the north (2408 DALYsAMI per 100,000) and northeastern (2177 DALYsAMI per 100,000) regions of the country and higher among males. More than 40% of the total cancer burden was contributed by the seven leading cancer sites — lung (10.6%), breast (10.5%), oesophagus (5.8%), mouth (5.7%), stomach (5.2%), liver (4.6%), and cervix uteri (4.3%). Conclusions This study demonstrates the use of reliable data sources and DisMod-II tools that adhere to the international standard for assessment of national and sub-national cancer burden. A wide heterogeneity in leading cancer sites was observed within India by age and sex. The results also highlight the need to focus on non-leading sites of cancer by age and sex. These findings can guide policymakers to plan focused approaches towards monitoring efforts on cancer prevention and control. The study simplifies the methodology used for arriving at the burden estimates and thus, encourages researchers across the world to take up similar assessments with the available data. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09578-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan
- Indian Council Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Krishnan Sathishkumar
- Indian Council Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Sravya Leburu
- Indian Council Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Thilagavathi Ramamoorthy
- Indian Council Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Santhappan Stephen
- Indian Council Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | | | - Nifty Tomy
- Indian Council Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Rohith Mohan
- Indian Council Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Geetha R Menon
- Indian Council Medical Research (ICMR) - National Institute of Medical Statistics (NIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- Indian Council Medical Research (ICMR) - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India.
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Mathur P, Leburu S, Kulothungan V. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Control of Diabetes in India From the Countrywide National NCD Monitoring Survey. Front Public Health 2022; 10:748157. [PMID: 35359772 PMCID: PMC8964146 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.748157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundTo determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of diabetes mellitus (DM) and associated factors amongst adults (18–69 years) in India from the National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring Survey (NNMS).MethodsNNMS was a comprehensive, cross-sectional survey conducted in 2017–18 on a national sample of 12,000 households in 600 primary sampling units. In every household, one eligible adult aged 18–69 years were selected. Information on NCD risk factors and their health-seeking behaviors were collected. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and fasting capillary blood glucose were measured. DM was defined as fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥126 mg/dl including those on medication. Awareness, treatment, and control of DM were defined as adults previously diagnosed with DM by a doctor, on prescribed medication for DM, and FBG <126 mg/dl, respectively. The weighted data are presented as mean and proportions with 95% CI. We applied the Student t-test for continuous variables, Pearson's chi-square test for categorical variables and multivariate regression to determine the odds ratio. For statistical significance, a p-value < 0.05 was considered.ResultsPrevalence of DM and impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG) in India was 9.3% and 24.5% respectively. Among those with DM, 45.8% were aware, 36.1% were on treatment and 15.7% had it under control. More than three-fourths of adults approached the allopathic practitioners for consultation (84.0%) and treatment (78.8%) for diabetes. Older adults were associated with an increased risk for DM [OR 8.89 (95% CI 6.66–11.87) and were 16 times more aware of DM. Better awareness, treatment and control levels were seen among adults with raised blood pressure and raised cholesterol.ConclusionsThe prevalence of DM and IFG is high among adults, while the levels of awareness, treatment and control are still low in India, and this varied notably between the age groups. Multifaceted approaches that include improved awareness, adherence to treatment, better preventive and counseling services are crucial to halt diabetes in India. Also, expanding traditional systems of medicine (Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy [AYUSH]) into diabetes prevention and control practices open solutions to manage this crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Mathur
- *Correspondence: Prashant Mathur ; orcid.org/0000-0002-9271-1373
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Mathur P, Nath A, K SK. Adolescent and young adult cancers in India-Findings from the National Cancer Registry Programme. Cancer Epidemiol 2022; 78:102124. [PMID: 35259660 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adolescent and young adult (AYA) age group is a bridge between pediatric and adult age groups. The present study describes the epidemiology of cancers in the AYA age group in India. METHODS The data of primary site cancers in the age group of 15-39 years from the 28 Population Based Cancer Registries (PBCRs') and 58 Hospital Based Cancer Registries under the National Cancer Registry Programme for the reporting year 2012-2016 was analysed. RESULTS The median age adjusted incidence rate (AAR) was 22.2 per 100,000 among males and 29.2 per 100,000 among females. The age-specific incidence rate increased with increasing age in both genders with the highest recorded numbers in the 35-39 age group. The proportion of myeloid leukaemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was highest in the 15-24 age group. Cancers of the breast, thyroid, mouth and tongue constituted the leading sites between 30 and 39 years. There was a significant increase in the incidence among AYA males (APC=0.9) between 1985 and 2015, while a decline in incidence was observed for females, which was not significant (APC=-0.2). The majority of patients had locoregional spread of cancer at the time of diagnosis. The projected number of cancer cases in both genders are expected to increase to 178,617 in 2025. CONCLUSION Cancers in the AYA population are a concern in India. Since AYA oncology appears to be evolving in India, a robust health care system and suitable AYA cancer care policies and programmes are strongly needed to improve disease outcomes and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Mathur
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru 562110, India.
| | - Anita Nath
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru 562110, India
| | - Sathish Kumar K
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Nirmal Bhawan, ICMR Complex, Poojanhalli Road, Off NH-7, Adjacent to Trumpet Flyover of BIAL, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru 562110, India
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Cousin E, Duncan BB, Stein C, Ong KL, Vos T, Abbafati C, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abdelmasseh M, Abdoli A, Abd-Rabu R, Abolhassani H, Abu-Gharbieh E, Accrombessi MMK, Adnani QES, Afzal MS, Agarwal G, Agrawaal KK, Agudelo-Botero M, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad S, Ahmad T, Ahmadi K, Ahmadi S, Ahmadi A, Ahmed A, Ahmed Salih Y, Akande-Sholabi W, Akram T, Al Hamad H, Al-Aly Z, Alcalde-Rabanal JE, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Al-Raddadi RM, Alvis-Guzman N, Amini S, Ancuceanu R, Andrei T, Andrei CL, Anjana RM, Ansar A, Antonazzo IC, Antony B, Anyasodor AE, Arabloo J, Arizmendi D, Armocida B, Artamonov AA, Arulappan J, Aryan Z, Asgari S, Ashraf T, Astell-Burt T, Atorkey P, Atout MMW, Ayanore MA, Badiye AD, Baig AA, Bairwa M, Baker JL, Baltatu OC, Banik PC, Barnett A, Barone MTU, Barone-Adesi F, Barrow A, Bedi N, Belete R, Belgaumi UI, Bell AW, Bennett DA, Bensenor IM, Beran D, Bhagavathula AS, Bhaskar S, Bhattacharyya K, Bhojaraja VS, Bijani A, Bikbov B, Birara S, Bodolica V, Bonny A, Brenner H, Briko NI, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, Cámera LA, Campos-Nonato IR, Cao Y, Cao C, Cerin E, Chakraborty PA, Chandan JS, Chattu VK, Chen S, Choi JYJ, Choudhari SG, Chowdhury EK, Chu DT, Corso B, Dadras O, Dai X, Damasceno AAM, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dávila-Cervantes CA, De Neve JW, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dhamnetiya D, Diaz D, Ebtehaj S, Edinur HA, Eftekharzadeh S, El Sayed I, Elgendy IY, Elhadi M, Elmonem MA, Faisaluddin M, Farooque U, Feng X, Fernandes E, Fischer F, Flood D, Freitas M, Gaal PA, Gad MM, Gaewkhiew P, Getacher L, Ghafourifard M, Ghanei Gheshlagh R, Ghashghaee A, Ghith N, Ghozali G, Gill PS, Ginawi IA, Glushkova EV, Golechha M, Gopalani SV, Guimarães RA, Gupta RD, Gupta R, Gupta VK, Gupta VB, Gupta S, Habtewold TD, Hafezi-Nejad N, Halwani R, Hanif A, Hankey GJ, Haque S, Hasaballah AI, Hasan SS, Hashi A, Hassanipour S, Hay SI, Hayat K, Heidari M, Hossain MBH, Hossain S, Hosseini M, Hoveidamanesh S, Huang J, Humayun A, Hussain R, Hwang BF, Ibitoye SE, Ikuta KS, Inbaraj LR, Iqbal U, Islam MS, Islam SMS, Islam RM, Ismail NE, Isola G, Itumalla R, Iwagami M, Iyamu IO, Jahani MA, Jakovljevic M, Jayawardena R, Jha RP, John O, Jonas JB, Joo T, Kabir A, Kalhor R, Kamath A, Kanchan T, Kandel H, Kapoor N, Kayode GA, Kebede SA, Keshavarz P, Keykhaei M, Khader YS, Khajuria H, Khan MAB, Khan MN, Khan M, Khater AM, Khoja TAM, Khubchandani J, Kim MS, Kim YJ, Kimokoti RW, Kisa S, Kisa A, Kivimäki M, Korshunov VA, Korzh O, Koyanagi A, Krishan K, Kuate Defo B, Kumar GA, Kumar N, Kusuma D, La Vecchia C, Lacey B, Larsson AO, Lasrado S, Lee WC, Lee CB, Lee PH, Lee SWH, Li MC, Lim SS, Lim LL, Lucchetti G, Majeed A, Malik AA, Mansouri B, Mantovani LG, Martini S, Mathur P, McAlinden C, Mehedi N, Mekonnen T, Menezes RG, Mersha AG, Miao Jonasson J, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Mirica A, Mirrakhimov EM, Mirza AZ, Mithra P, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed A, Mokdad AH, Molokhia M, Monasta L, Moni MA, Moradpour F, Moradzadeh R, Mostafavi E, Mueller UO, Murray CJL, Mustafa A, Nagel G, Nangia V, Naqvi AA, Nayak BP, Nazari J, Ndejjo R, Negoi RI, Neupane Kandel S, Nguyen CT, Nguyen HLT, Noubiap JJ, Nowak C, Oancea B, Odukoya OO, Oguntade AS, Ojo TT, Olagunju AT, Onwujekwe OE, Ortiz A, Owolabi MO, Palladino R, Panda-Jonas S, Pandi-Perumal SR, Pardhan S, Parekh T, Parvizi M, Pepito VCF, Perianayagam A, Petcu IR, Pilania M, Podder V, Polibin RV, Postma MJ, Prashant A, Rabiee N, Rabiee M, Rahimi-Movaghar V, Rahman MA, Rahman MM, Rahman M, Rahmawaty S, Rajai N, Ram P, Rana J, Ranabhat K, Ranasinghe P, Rao CR, Rao S, Rawaf S, Rawaf DL, Rawal L, Renzaho AMN, Rezaei N, Rezapour A, Riahi SM, Ribeiro D, Rodriguez JAB, Roever L, Rohloff P, Rwegerera GM, Ryan PM, Saber-Ayad MM, Sabour S, Saddik B, Saeedi Moghaddam S, Sahebkar A, Sahoo H, Saif-Ur-Rahman KM, Salimzadeh H, Samaei M, Sanabria J, Santric-Milicevic MM, Sathian B, Sathish T, Schlaich MP, Seidu AA, Šekerija M, Senthil Kumar N, Seylani A, Shaikh MA, Shamshad H, Shawon MSR, Sheikhbahaei S, Shetty JK, Shiri R, Shivakumar KM, Shuval K, Singh JA, Singh A, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Sofi-Mahmudi A, Soheili A, Sun J, Szerencsés V, Szócska M, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tadbiri H, Tadesse EG, Tariqujjaman M, Thankappan KR, Thapar R, Thomas N, Timalsina B, Tobe-Gai R, Tonelli M, Tovani-Palone MR, Tran BX, Tripathy JP, Tudor Car L, Tusa BS, Uddin R, Upadhyay E, Valadan Tahbaz S, Valdez PR, Vasankari TJ, Verma M, Villalobos-Daniel VE, Vladimirov SK, Vo B, Vu GT, Vukovic R, Waheed Y, Wamai RG, Werdecker A, Wickramasinghe ND, Winkler AS, Wubishet BL, Xu X, Xu S, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yatsuya H, Yaya S, Yazie TSY, Yi S, Yonemoto N, Yunusa I, Zadey S, Zaman SB, Zamanian M, Zamora N, Zastrozhin MS, Zastrozhina A, Zhang ZJ, Zhong C, Zmaili M, Zumla A, Naghavi M, Schmidt MI. Diabetes mortality and trends before 25 years of age: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2022; 10:177-192. [PMID: 35143780 PMCID: PMC8860753 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(21)00349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes, at younger ages can be a largely preventable cause of death with the correct health care and services. We aimed to evaluate diabetes mortality and trends at ages younger than 25 years globally using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. METHODS We used estimates of GBD 2019 to calculate international diabetes mortality at ages younger than 25 years in 1990 and 2019. Data sources for causes of death were obtained from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and other surveillance systems for 1990-2019. We estimated death rates for each location using the GBD Cause of Death Ensemble model. We analysed the association of age-standardised death rates per 100 000 population with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and a measure of universal health coverage (UHC) and described the variability within SDI quintiles. We present estimates with their 95% uncertainty intervals. FINDINGS In 2019, 16 300 (95% uncertainty interval 14 200 to 18 900) global deaths due to diabetes (type 1 and 2 combined) occurred in people younger than 25 years and 73·7% (68·3 to 77·4) were classified as due to type 1 diabetes. The age-standardised death rate was 0·50 (0·44 to 0·58) per 100 000 population, and 15 900 (97·5%) of these deaths occurred in low to high-middle SDI countries. The rate was 0·13 (0·12 to 0·14) per 100 000 population in the high SDI quintile, 0·60 (0·51 to 0·70) per 100 000 population in the low-middle SDI quintile, and 0·71 (0·60 to 0·86) per 100 000 population in the low SDI quintile. Within SDI quintiles, we observed large variability in rates across countries, in part explained by the extent of UHC (r2=0·62). From 1990 to 2019, age-standardised death rates decreased globally by 17·0% (-28·4 to -2·9) for all diabetes, and by 21·0% (-33·0 to -5·9) when considering only type 1 diabetes. However, the low SDI quintile had the lowest decline for both all diabetes (-13·6% [-28·4 to 3·4]) and for type 1 diabetes (-13·6% [-29·3 to 8·9]). INTERPRETATION Decreasing diabetes mortality at ages younger than 25 years remains an important challenge, especially in low and low-middle SDI countries. Inadequate diagnosis and treatment of diabetes is likely to be major contributor to these early deaths, highlighting the urgent need to provide better access to insulin and basic diabetes education and care. This mortality metric, derived from readily available and frequently updated GBD data, can help to monitor preventable diabetes-related deaths over time globally, aligned with the UN's Sustainable Development Targets, and serve as an indicator of the adequacy of basic diabetes care for type 1 and type 2 diabetes across nations. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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Kocarnik JM, Compton K, Dean FE, Fu W, Gaw BL, Harvey JD, Henrikson HJ, Lu D, Pennini A, Xu R, Ababneh E, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbastabar H, Abd-Elsalam SM, Abdoli A, Abedi A, Abidi H, Abolhassani H, Adedeji IA, Adnani QES, Advani SM, Afzal MS, Aghaali M, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad S, Ahmad T, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi S, Ahmed Rashid T, Ahmed Salih Y, Akalu GT, Aklilu A, Akram T, Akunna CJ, Al Hamad H, Alahdab F, Al-Aly Z, Ali S, Alimohamadi Y, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Alkhayyat M, Almasi-Hashiani A, Almasri NA, Al-Maweri SAA, Almustanyir S, Alonso N, Alvis-Guzman N, Amu H, Anbesu EW, Ancuceanu R, Ansari F, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Antwi MH, Anvari D, Anyasodor AE, Aqeel M, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Aremu O, Ariffin H, Aripov T, Arshad M, Artaman A, Arulappan J, Asemi Z, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Ashraf T, Atorkey P, Aujayeb A, Ausloos M, Awedew AF, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayenew T, Azab MA, Azadnajafabad S, Azari Jafari A, Azarian G, Azzam AY, Badiye AD, Bahadory S, Baig AA, Baker JL, Balakrishnan S, Banach M, Bärnighausen TW, Barone-Adesi F, Barra F, Barrow A, Behzadifar M, Belgaumi UI, Bezabhe WMM, Bezabih YM, Bhagat DS, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhattacharyya K, Bhojaraja VS, Bibi S, Bijani A, Biondi A, Bisignano C, Bjørge T, Bleyer A, Blyuss O, Bolarinwa OA, Bolla SR, Braithwaite D, Brar A, Brenner H, Bustamante-Teixeira MT, Butt NS, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, Cao Y, Carreras G, Catalá-López F, Cembranel F, Cerin E, Cernigliaro A, Chakinala RC, Chattu SK, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi P, Chimed-Ochir O, Cho DY, Christopher DJ, Chu DT, Chung MT, Conde J, Cortés S, Cortesi PA, Costa VM, Cunha AR, Dadras O, Dagnew AB, Dahlawi SMA, Dai X, Dandona L, Dandona R, Darwesh AM, das Neves J, De la Hoz FP, Demis AB, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Dhamnetiya D, Dhimal ML, Dhimal M, Dianatinasab M, Diaz D, Djalalinia S, Do HP, Doaei S, Dorostkar F, dos Santos Figueiredo FW, Driscoll TR, Ebrahimi H, Eftekharzadeh S, El Tantawi M, El-Abid H, Elbarazi I, Elhabashy HR, Elhadi M, El-Jaafary SI, Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S, Esmaeilzadeh F, Etemadi A, Ezzikouri S, Faisaluddin M, Faraon EJA, Fares J, Farzadfar F, Feroze AH, Ferrero S, Ferro Desideri L, Filip I, Fischer F, Fisher JL, Foroutan M, Fukumoto T, Gaal PA, Gad MM, Gadanya MA, Gallus S, Gaspar Fonseca M, Getachew Obsa A, Ghafourifard M, Ghashghaee A, Ghith N, Gholamalizadeh M, Gilani SA, Ginindza TG, Gizaw ATT, Glasbey JC, Golechha M, Goleij P, Gomez RS, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Goudarzi H, Grosso G, Gubari MIM, Guerra MR, Guha A, Gunasekera DS, Gupta B, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Gutiérrez RA, Hafezi-Nejad N, Haider MR, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halwani R, Hamadeh RR, Hameed S, Hamidi S, Hanif A, Haque S, Harlianto NI, Haro JM, Hasaballah AI, Hassanipour S, Hay RJ, Hay SI, Hayat K, Heidari G, Heidari M, Herrera-Serna BY, Herteliu C, Hezam K, Holla R, Hossain MM, Hossain MBH, Hosseini MS, Hosseini M, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hsairi M, Huang J, Hugo FN, Hussain R, Hussein NR, Hwang BF, Iavicoli I, Ibitoye SE, Ida F, Ikuta KS, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Irham LM, Islam JY, Islam RM, Islam SMS, Ismail NE, Isola G, Iwagami M, Jacob L, Jain V, Jakovljevic MB, Javaheri T, Jayaram S, Jazayeri SB, Jha RP, Jonas JB, Joo T, Joseph N, Joukar F, Jürisson M, Kabir A, Kahrizi D, Kalankesh LR, Kalhor R, Kaliyadan F, Kalkonde Y, Kamath A, Kameran Al-Salihi N, Kandel H, Kapoor N, Karch A, Kasa AS, Katikireddi SV, Kauppila JH, Kavetskyy T, Kebede SA, Keshavarz P, Keykhaei M, Khader YS, Khalilov R, Khan G, Khan M, Khan MN, Khan MAB, Khang YH, Khater AM, Khayamzadeh M, Kim GR, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Kopec JA, Koteeswaran R, Koul PA, Koulmane Laxminarayana SL, Koyanagi A, Kucuk Bicer B, Kugbey N, Kumar GA, Kumar N, Kumar N, Kurmi OP, Kutluk T, La Vecchia C, Lami FH, Landires I, Lauriola P, Lee SW, Lee SWH, Lee WC, Lee YH, Leigh J, Leong E, Li J, Li MC, Liu X, Loureiro JA, Lunevicius R, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Majeed A, Makki A, Male S, Malik AA, Mansournia MA, Martini S, Masoumi SZ, Mathur P, McKee M, Mehrotra R, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mengesha EW, Mesregah MK, Mestrovic T, Miao Jonasson J, Miazgowski B, Miazgowski T, Michalek IM, Miller TR, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei HR, Misra S, Mithra P, Moghadaszadeh M, Mohammad KA, Mohammad Y, Mohammadi M, Mohammadi SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammed S, Moka N, Mokdad AH, Molokhia M, Monasta L, Moni MA, Moosavi MA, Moradi Y, Moraga P, Morgado-da-Costa J, Morrison SD, Mosapour A, Mubarik S, Mwanri L, Nagarajan AJ, Nagaraju SP, Nagata C, Naimzada MD, Nangia V, Naqvi AA, Narasimha Swamy S, Ndejjo R, Nduaguba SO, Negoi I, Negru SM, Neupane Kandel S, Nguyen CT, Nguyen HLT, Niazi RK, Nnaji CA, Noor NM, Nuñez-Samudio V, Nzoputam CI, Oancea B, Ochir C, Odukoya OO, Ogbo FA, Olagunju AT, Olakunde BO, Omar E, Omar Bali A, Omonisi AEE, Ong S, Onwujekwe OE, Orru H, Ortega-Altamirano DV, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, Owolabi MO, P A M, Padubidri JR, Pakshir K, Pana A, Panagiotakos D, Panda-Jonas S, Pardhan S, Park EC, Park EK, Pashazadeh Kan F, Patel HK, Patel JR, Pati S, Pattanshetty SM, Paudel U, Pereira DM, Pereira RB, Perianayagam A, Pillay JD, Pirouzpanah S, Pishgar F, Podder I, Postma MJ, Pourjafar H, Prashant A, Preotescu L, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Radhakrishnan RA, Radhakrishnan V, Rafiee A, Rahim F, Rahimzadeh S, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Rahmani AM, Rajai N, Rajesh A, Rakovac I, Ram P, Ramezanzadeh K, Ranabhat K, Ranasinghe P, Rao CR, Rao SJ, Rawassizadeh R, Razeghinia MS, Renzaho AMN, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezapour A, Roberts TJ, Rodriguez JAB, Rohloff P, Romoli M, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Rwegerera GM, S M, Sabour S, Saddik B, Saeed U, Sahebkar A, Sahoo H, Salehi S, Salem MR, Salimzadeh H, Samaei M, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sankararaman S, Santric-Milicevic MM, Sardiwalla Y, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Sawhney M, Saylan M, Schneider IJC, Sekerija M, Seylani A, Shafaat O, Shaghaghi Z, Shaikh MA, Shamsoddin E, Shannawaz M, Sharma R, Sheikh A, Sheikhbahaei S, Shetty A, Shetty JK, Shetty PH, Shibuya K, Shirkoohi R, Shivakumar KM, Shivarov V, Siabani S, Siddappa Malleshappa SK, Silva DAS, Singh JA, Sintayehu Y, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Soeberg MJ, Sofi-Mahmudi A, Sotoudeh H, Steiropoulos P, Straif K, Subedi R, Sufiyan MB, Sultan I, Sultana S, Sur D, Szerencsés V, Szócska M, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabuchi T, Tadbiri H, Taherkhani A, Takahashi K, Talaat IM, Tan KK, Tat VY, Tedla BAA, Tefera YG, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Temsah MH, Tesfay FH, Tessema GA, Thapar R, Thavamani A, Thoguluva Chandrasekar V, Thomas N, Tohidinik HR, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MR, Traini E, Tran BX, Tran KB, Tran MTN, Tripathy JP, Tusa BS, Ullah I, Ullah S, Umapathi KK, Unnikrishnan B, Upadhyay E, Vacante M, Vaezi M, Valadan Tahbaz S, Velazquez DZ, Veroux M, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Vo B, Volovici V, Vu GT, Waheed Y, Wamai RG, Ward P, Wen YF, Westerman R, Winkler AS, Yadav L, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yang L, Yaya S, Yazie TSY, Yeshaw Y, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yousefi Z, Yu C, Yuce D, Yunusa I, Zadnik V, Zare F, Zastrozhin MS, Zastrozhina A, Zhang J, Zhong C, Zhou L, Zhu C, Ziapour A, Zimmermann IR, Fitzmaurice C, Murray CJL, Force LM. Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. JAMA Oncol 2022; 8:420-444. [PMID: 34967848 PMCID: PMC8719276 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 585] [Impact Index Per Article: 292.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden. OBJECTIVE To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 2010 to 2019. EVIDENCE REVIEW The GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past decade. Estimates are also provided by quintiles of the SDI, a composite measure of educational attainment, income per capita, and total fertility rate for those younger than 25 years. Estimates include 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). FINDINGS In 2019, there were an estimated 23.6 million (95% UI, 22.2-24.9 million) new cancer cases (17.2 million when excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 10.0 million (95% UI, 9.36-10.6 million) cancer deaths globally, with an estimated 250 million (235-264 million) DALYs due to cancer. Since 2010, these represented a 26.3% (95% UI, 20.3%-32.3%) increase in new cases, a 20.9% (95% UI, 14.2%-27.6%) increase in deaths, and a 16.0% (95% UI, 9.3%-22.8%) increase in DALYs. Among 22 groups of diseases and injuries in the GBD 2019 study, cancer was second only to cardiovascular diseases for the number of deaths, years of life lost, and DALYs globally in 2019. Cancer burden differed across SDI quintiles. The proportion of years lived with disability that contributed to DALYs increased with SDI, ranging from 1.4% (1.1%-1.8%) in the low SDI quintile to 5.7% (4.2%-7.1%) in the high SDI quintile. While the high SDI quintile had the highest number of new cases in 2019, the middle SDI quintile had the highest number of cancer deaths and DALYs. From 2010 to 2019, the largest percentage increase in the numbers of cases and deaths occurred in the low and low-middle SDI quintiles. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The results of this systematic analysis suggest that the global burden of cancer is substantial and growing, with burden differing by SDI. These results provide comprehensive and comparable estimates that can potentially inform efforts toward equitable cancer control around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kelly Compton
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Frances E. Dean
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Weijia Fu
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Brian L. Gaw
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - James D. Harvey
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Hannah Jacqueline Henrikson
- Department of Global Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dan Lu
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Alyssa Pennini
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Rixing Xu
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Emad Ababneh
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedayat Abbastabar
- Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amir Abdoli
- Zoonoses Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Aidin Abedi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Hassan Abidi
- Laboratory Technology Sciences Department, Yasouj University, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani
- Department of Midwifery, Karya Husada Institute of Health Sciences, Kediri, Indonesia
- Department of Midwifery, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shailesh M. Advani
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California
- School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC
| | - Muhammad Sohail Afzal
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Aghaali
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Bright Opoku Ahinkorah
- The Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Foundation University Medical College, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tauseef Ahmad
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Ahmadi
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tarik Ahmed Rashid
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Yusra Ahmed Salih
- Database Technology Department, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
- College of Informatics, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Gizachew Taddesse Akalu
- Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, St Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Addis Aklilu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Tayyaba Akram
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Chisom Joyqueenet Akunna
- Department of Public Health, Intercountry Centre for Oral Health for Africa, Jos, Nigeria
- Department of Public Health, Federal Ministry of Health, Garki, Nigeria
| | - Hanadi Al Hamad
- Geriatric and Long-Term Care Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fares Alahdab
- Mayo Evidence-Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ziyad Al-Aly
- John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
- Clinical Epidemiology Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Information Systems, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Yousef Alimohamadi
- Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Alipour
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Health Economics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Syed Mohamed Aljunid
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
- International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | - Sadeq Ali Ali Al-Maweri
- College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana’a, Yemen
| | - Sami Almustanyir
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nivaldo Alonso
- Department of Surgery, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nelson Alvis-Guzman
- Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, Colombia
- Research Group in Health Economics, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Hubert Amu
- Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | | | - Robert Ancuceanu
- Pharmacy Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Fereshteh Ansari
- Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Maxwell Hubert Antwi
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Ghana Health Service, Kumasi, Ghana
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Davood Anvari
- Department of Parasitology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Parasitology, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | | | - Muhammad Aqeel
- Department of Psychology, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpandi, Pakistan
| | - Jalal Arabloo
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Arab-Zozani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Olatunde Aremu
- Department of Public Health, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, England
| | - Hany Ariffin
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- University of Malaya Medical Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Timur Aripov
- Public Health and Healthcare Management, Tashkent Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Muhammad Arshad
- Allied Health Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Timergara, Lower Dir, Pakistan
| | - Al Artaman
- Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Judie Arulappan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Tahira Ashraf
- Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Prince Atorkey
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
- Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Avinash Aujayeb
- Northumbria HealthCare National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, NHS England, Newcastle upon Tyne, England
| | - Marcel Ausloos
- School of Business, University of Leicester, Leicester, England
- Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Temesgen Ayenew
- Department of Nursing, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | | | | | | | - Ghasem Azarian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ahmed Y. Azzam
- Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Ashish D. Badiye
- Department of Forensic Science, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Nagpur, India
| | - Saeed Bahadory
- Department of Parasitology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Parasitology, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Atif Amin Baig
- Unit of Biochemistry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer L. Baker
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
- Polish Mothers' Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
| | - Till Winfried Bärnighausen
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Fabio Barra
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Amadou Barrow
- Department of Public and Environmental Health, University of the Gambia, Brikama, The Gambia
- Epidemiology and Disease Control Unit, Ministry of Health, Kotu, The Gambia
| | - Masoud Behzadifar
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Uzma Iqbal Belgaumi
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, India
| | | | - Yihienew Mequanint Bezabih
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- One Health, University of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Devidas S. Bhagat
- Department of Forensic Chemistry, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Aurangabad, India
| | - Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula
- Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralova, Czech Republic
- Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nikha Bhardwaj
- Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College Pali, Pali, India
| | - Pankaj Bhardwaj
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
- School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Sonu Bhaskar
- Neurovascular Imaging Laboratory, New South Wales Brain Clot Bank, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, South West Sydney Local Heath District and Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Krittika Bhattacharyya
- Department of Statistical and Computational Genomics, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India
- Department of Statistics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Sadia Bibi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Bijani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Antonio Biondi
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Catherine Bisignano
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Tone Bjørge
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Archie Bleyer
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland
- McGovern Medical School, University of Texas, Houston
| | - Oleg Blyuss
- School of Physics, Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, England
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, England
| | | | - Srinivasa Rao Bolla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan City, Kazakhstan
| | - Dejana Braithwaite
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville
- Cancer Population Sciences Program, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville
| | - Amanpreet Brar
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Nadeem Shafique Butt
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid A. Butt
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
- Al Shifa School of Public Health, Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | | | - Yin Cao
- Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Giulia Carreras
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy
| | - Ferrán Catalá-López
- National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Francieli Cembranel
- Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Achille Cernigliaro
- Regional Epidemiological Observatory Department, Sicilian Regional Health Authority, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - Vijay Kumar Chattu
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Pankaj Chaturvedi
- Center for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India
- Department of Head Neck Surgery, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Odgerel Chimed-Ochir
- Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | | | - Dinh-Toi Chu
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, VNU International School, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Michael T. Chung
- Department of Otolaryngology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Joao Conde
- Nova Medical School, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sanda Cortés
- Department of Public Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Research Line in Environmental Exposures and Health Effects at Population Level, Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Vera Marisa Costa
- Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Amanda Ramos Cunha
- Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Omid Dadras
- School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Saad M. A. Dahlawi
- Environmental Health Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaochen Dai
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Lalit Dandona
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
- Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Rakhi Dandona
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
- Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India
| | - Aso Mohammad Darwesh
- Department of Information Technology, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - José das Neves
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Asmamaw Bizuneh Demis
- Department of Nursing, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia
- School of Nursing, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Deepak Dhamnetiya
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Mandira Lamichhane Dhimal
- Policy Research Institute, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Global Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Meghnath Dhimal
- Health Research Section, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Mostafa Dianatinasab
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
- Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Daniel Diaz
- Center of Complexity Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, Mexico
| | - Shirin Djalalinia
- Development of Research and Technology Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Huyen Phuc Do
- Center of Excellence in Behavioral Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Saeid Doaei
- School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Dorostkar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Tim Robert Driscoll
- Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hedyeh Ebrahimi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Liver and Pancreaticobilliary Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Eftekharzadeh
- Division of Urology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hassan El-Abid
- Direction de L'épidémiologie et la Lutte Contre les Maladies, Ministry of Health, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Iffat Elbarazi
- Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | - Babak Eshrati
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sharareh Eskandarieh
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firooz Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Public Health, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Arash Etemadi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sayeh Ezzikouri
- Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Faisaluddin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, New York
| | - Emerito Jose A. Faraon
- Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Jawad Fares
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Farshad Farzadfar
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdullah Hamid Feroze
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Simone Ferrero
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Irina Filip
- Psychiatry Department, Kaiser Permanente, Fontana, California
- School of Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, Arizona
| | - Florian Fischer
- Institute of Gerontological Health Services and Nursing Research, Ravensburg-Weingarten University of Applied Sciences, Weingarten, Germany
| | | | - Masoud Foroutan
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
- Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
| | | | - Peter Andras Gaal
- Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Târgu-Mureş, Romania
| | - Mohamed M. Gad
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill
| | - Muktar A. Gadanya
- Community Medicine Department, Bayero University, Kano, Kano, Nigeria
- Department of Community Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Mansour Ghafourifard
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ghashghaee
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nermin Ghith
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maryam Gholamalizadeh
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Syed Amir Gilani
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- Afro-Asian Institute, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Themba G. Ginindza
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - James C. Glasbey
- National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England
| | - Mahaveer Golechha
- Health Systems and Policy Research, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Pouya Goleij
- Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran
| | - Ricardo Santiago Gomez
- Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sameer Vali Gopalani
- Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
- Department of Health and Social Affairs, Government of the Federated States of Micronesia, Palikir, Federated States of Micronesia
| | - Giuseppe Gorini
- Oncological Network, Prevention and Research Institute, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy
| | - Houman Goudarzi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | | | - Avirup Guha
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus
| | | | - Bhawna Gupta
- Department of Public Health, Torrens University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Veer Bala Gupta
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Reyna Alma Gutiérrez
- Department of Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research, Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nima Hafezi-Nejad
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Arvin Haj-Mirzaian
- Department of Pharmacology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Obesity Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Randah R. Hamadeh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Sajid Hameed
- University Institute of Public Health, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Samer Hamidi
- School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Asif Hanif
- University Institute of Public Health, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research & Scientific Studies Unit, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Netanja I. Harlianto
- Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Soheil Hassanipour
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Roderick J. Hay
- International Foundation for Dermatology, London, England
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, England
| | - Simon I. Hay
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Khezar Hayat
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, China
| | | | - Mohammad Heidari
- Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Claudiu Herteliu
- Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
- School of Business, London South Bank University, London, England
| | - Kamal Hezam
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen
- Department of Microbiology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ramesh Holla
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Md Mahbub Hossain
- Social and Environmental Health Research, Nature Study Society of Bangladesh, Khulna, Bangladesh
- Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station
| | | | | | - Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hosseinzadeh
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Department of Computer Science, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Mihaela Hostiuc
- Internal Medicine Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Hostiuc
- Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Clinical Legal Medicine Department, National Institute of Legal Medicine Mina Minovici, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mowafa Househ
- College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Hsairi
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Junjie Huang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fernando N. Hugo
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rabia Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nawfal R. Hussein
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Zakho, Zakho, Iraq
| | - Bing-Fang Hwang
- Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ivo Iavicoli
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Fidelia Ida
- Pharmacoepidemiology Department, Sanofi, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Kevin S. Ikuta
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Irena M. Ilic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena D. Ilic
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Lalu Muhammad Irham
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jessica Y. Islam
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Rakibul M. Islam
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Masao Iwagami
- Department of Health Services Research, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England
| | - Louis Jacob
- Research and Development Unit, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Vardhmaan Jain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mihajlo B. Jakovljevic
- Institute of Comparative Economic Studies, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Global Health, Economics and Policy, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Shubha Jayaram
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Mysuru, India
| | | | - Ravi Prakash Jha
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Delhi, India
- Department of Community Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Jost B. Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tamas Joo
- Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nitin Joseph
- Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
| | - Farahnaz Joukar
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mikk Jürisson
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ali Kabir
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Danial Kahrizi
- Department of Genetics, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leila R. Kalankesh
- School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rohollah Kalhor
- Institute for Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Health Services Management Department, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Feroze Kaliyadan
- Dermatology Department, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yogeshwar Kalkonde
- Public Health Division, Society for Education, Action and Research in Community Health, Gadchiroli, India
| | - Ashwin Kamath
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | - Himal Kandel
- Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Eye Hospital, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Neeti Kapoor
- Department of Forensic Science, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Nagpur, India
| | - André Karch
- Institute for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ayele Semachew Kasa
- Department of Adult Health Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi
- Medical Research Council/Chief Scientist Office Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Joonas H. Kauppila
- Surgery Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Taras Kavetskyy
- Department of Surface Engineering, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Drohobych, Ukraine
| | - Sewnet Adem Kebede
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Faroe Islands
| | - Pedram Keshavarz
- School of Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, New Hospitals LTD, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Mohammad Keykhaei
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Saleh Khader
- Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rovshan Khalilov
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan
- Russian Institute for Advanced Study, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gulfaraz Khan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maseer Khan
- Epidemiology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Nuruzzaman Khan
- Department of Population Science, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Moien A. B. Khan
- Family Medicine Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Primary Care Department, NHS North West London, London, England
| | - Young-Ho Khang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Amir M. Khater
- National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maryam Khayamzadeh
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- The Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gyu Ri Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Jin Kim
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia
| | - Adnan Kisa
- School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Sezer Kisa
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jacek A. Kopec
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Parvaiz A. Koul
- Department of Internal and Pulmonary Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India
| | | | - Ai Koyanagi
- Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network, San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Nuworza Kugbey
- University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana
| | | | - Narinder Kumar
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medanta Hospital, Lucknow, India
| | - Nithin Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
| | - Om P. Kurmi
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, England
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tezer Kutluk
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Faris Hasan Lami
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Iván Landires
- Unit of Genetics and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama
- Ministry of Health, Herrera, Panama
| | - Paolo Lauriola
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sang-woong Lee
- Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Shaun Wen Huey Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
- School of Pharmacy, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
| | - Wei-Chen Lee
- Office of Health Policy & Legislative Affairs, University of Texas, Galveston
| | - Yo Han Lee
- Graduate School of Public Health, Ajou University, Suwon-si, South Korea
| | - James Leigh
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elvynna Leong
- Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Chieh Li
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Quantitative Health Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Joana A. Loureiro
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal
| | - Raimundas Lunevicius
- Department of General Surgery, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, England
- Department of Surgery, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England
| | | | - Azeem Majeed
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, England
| | - Alaa Makki
- Mass Communication Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shilpa Male
- Department of Ophthalmology, M M Joshi Eye Institute, Hubli, India
| | - Ahmad Azam Malik
- University Institute of Public Health, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
- Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Santi Martini
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
- Indonesian Public Health Association, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Prashant Mathur
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Martin McKee
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England
| | - Ravi Mehrotra
- India Cancer Research Consortium, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Walter Mendoza
- Peru Country Office, United Nations Population Fund, Lima, Peru
| | - Ritesh G. Menezes
- Forensic Medicine Division, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed Kamal Mesregah
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Menoufia University Faculty of Medicine, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Tomislav Mestrovic
- Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology Unit, Polyclinic “Dr. Zora Profozic”, Zagreb, Croatia
- University Centre Varazdin, University North, Varazdin, Croatia
| | - Junmei Miao Jonasson
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bartosz Miazgowski
- Center for Innovation in Medical Education, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
- Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Miazgowski
- Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases and Arterial Hypertension, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Ted R. Miller
- Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, Maryland
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | - Prasanna Mithra
- Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
| | - Masoud Moghadaszadeh
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Yousef Mohammad
- Internal Medicine Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mokhtar Mohammadi
- Department of Information Technology, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq
| | | | | | - Shafiu Mohammed
- Health Systems and Policy Research Unit, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
- Department of Health Care Management, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nagabhishek Moka
- Oncology Department, Appalachian Regional Healthcare, Hazard, Kentucky
- Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington
| | - Ali H. Mokdad
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Mariam Molokhia
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, England
| | - Lorenzo Monasta
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Amin Moosavi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Paula Moraga
- Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Abbas Mosapour
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sumaira Mubarik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lillian Mwanri
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adeaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan
- Research and Analytics Department, Initiative for Financing Health and Human Development, Chennai, India
- Department of Research and Analytics, Bioinsilico Technologies, Chennai, India
| | | | - Chie Nagata
- Department of Education for Clinical Research, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mukhammad David Naimzada
- Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Experimental Surgery and Oncology Laboratory, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
| | | | - Atta Abbas Naqvi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Science, Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Rawlance Ndejjo
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sabina O. Nduaguba
- Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Ionut Negoi
- Department of General Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Serban Mircea Negru
- Department of Oncology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | | | - Cuong Tat Nguyen
- Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Chukwudi A. Nnaji
- South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
- School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nurulamin M. Noor
- Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, England
- Department of Gastroenterology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, England
| | - Virginia Nuñez-Samudio
- Unit of Microbiology and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama
- Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Herrera, Panama
| | | | - Bogdan Oancea
- Administrative and Economic Sciences Department, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Chimedsuren Ochir
- Department of International Cyber Education, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
- Advisory Board, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Oluwakemi Ololade Odukoya
- Department of Community Health and Primary Care, University of Lagos, Idi Araba, Nigeria
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Felix Akpojene Ogbo
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew T. Olagunju
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | - Emad Omar
- Mass Communication Department, Ajman University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed Omar Bali
- Diplomacy and Public Relations Department, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Abidemi E. Emmanuel Omonisi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Sokking Ong
- Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Unit, Ministry of Health, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
- Early Detection and Cancer Prevention Services, Pantai Jerudong Specialist Centre, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
| | - Obinna E. Onwujekwe
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Hans Orru
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden
| | | | - Nikita Otstavnov
- Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Stanislav S. Otstavnov
- Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Department of Project Management, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mayowa O. Owolabi
- Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
- Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mahesh P A
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara Academy of Health Education and Research, Mysore, India
| | - Jagadish Rao Padubidri
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Keyvan Pakshir
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Adrian Pana
- Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Health Metrics, Center for Health Outcomes and Evaluation, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Shahina Pardhan
- Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, England
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kee Park
- Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, South Korea
| | | | - Harsh K. Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jenil R. Patel
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Dallas
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock
| | - Siddhartha Pati
- Centre of Excellence, Khallikote University, Berhampur, India
- Research Division, Association for Biodiversity Conservation and Research, Balasore, India
| | | | - Uttam Paudel
- Research Section, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - David M. Pereira
- Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Arokiasamy Perianayagam
- Department of Development Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Julian David Pillay
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Saeed Pirouzpanah
- Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Pishgar
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Urooncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Indrashis Podder
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Maarten J. Postma
- University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
- School of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Hadi Pourjafar
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
- Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Akila Prashant
- Department of Biochemistry, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysuru, India
| | - Liliana Preotescu
- National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Bucuresti, Romania
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mohammad Rabiee
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Radfar
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando
| | | | | | - Ata Rafiee
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fakher Rahim
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadi Rahimzadeh
- Department of Natural Science, Middlesex University, London, England
| | - Mosiur Rahman
- Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Muhammad Aziz Rahman
- School of Nursing and Healthcare Professions, Federation University Australia, Berwick, Victoria, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amir Masoud Rahmani
- Future Technology Research Center, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Nazanin Rajai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aashish Rajesh
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio
| | - Ivo Rakovac
- European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pradhum Ram
- Department of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kiana Ramezanzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamal Ranabhat
- Health Emergency Operation Center, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Central Department of Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Chythra R. Rao
- Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sowmya J. Rao
- Department of Oral Pathology, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India
| | - Reza Rawassizadeh
- Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Razeghinia
- Department of Immunology and Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Andre M. N. Renzaho
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Negar Rezaei
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aziz Rezapour
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Peter Rohloff
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Center for Indigenous Health Research, Wuqu' Kawoq Maya Health Alliance, Tecpan, Guatemala
| | | | - Luca Ronfani
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
| | - Gholamreza Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Manjula S
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysore, India
| | - Siamak Sabour
- Department of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Basema Saddik
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Umar Saeed
- Research and Development, Islamabad Diagnostic Center Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Biological Production Development, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Harihar Sahoo
- Department of Development Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - Sana Salehi
- Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Marwa Rashad Salem
- Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hamideh Salimzadeh
- Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Samaei
- Emergency Department, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | | | - Juan Sanabria
- Department of Surgery, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia
- Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Senthilkumar Sankararaman
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Milena M. Santric-Milicevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- School of Public Health and Health Management, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Yaeesh Sardiwalla
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arash Sarveazad
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Brijesh Sathian
- Geriatric and Long-Term Care Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, England
| | - Monika Sawhney
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte
| | | | | | - Mario Sekerija
- Department of Medical Statistics, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Allen Seylani
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Omid Shafaat
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Radiology and Interventional Neuroradiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Shaghaghi
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Farshchian Heart Center, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Erfan Shamsoddin
- Department of Oral Health, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran, Iran
- Noncommunicable Diseases Committee, National Institute for Medical Research Developmen, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammed Shannawaz
- Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India
| | - Rajesh Sharma
- University School of Management and Entrepreneurship, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
| | - Aziz Sheikh
- Centre for Medical Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sara Sheikhbahaei
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Adithi Shetty
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
| | - Jeevan K. Shetty
- Department of Biochemistry, Manipal University College Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Pavanchand H. Shetty
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
| | | | - Reza Shirkoohi
- Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - K. M. Shivakumar
- Public Health Dentistry Department, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, India
| | - Velizar Shivarov
- Clinical Immunology and Hematology, Sofiamed University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Genetics, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridiski, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Soraya Siabani
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | - Jasvinder A. Singh
- School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
- Medicine Service Department of Veterans Affairs, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | | | | | | - Matthew J. Soeberg
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ahmad Sofi-Mahmudi
- Department of Oral Health, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran, Iran
- Cochrane Iran Associate Centre, National Institute for Medical Research Development, Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Houman Sotoudeh
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham
| | | | - Kurt Straif
- Schiller Institute, Boston College, Boston, Massachusetts
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Iyad Sultan
- Pediatric Services, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
- Pediatrics, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Saima Sultana
- Maternal and Child Health, Projahnmo Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Daniel Sur
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Oncology Institute “Prof Dr Ion Chiricuţă” Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Medical Oncology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Viktória Szerencsés
- Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Miklós Szócska
- Faculty of Health and Public Administration, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos
- Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Carlos III Health Institute, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network, Madrid, Spain
| | - Takahiro Tabuchi
- Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Amir Taherkhani
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Iman M. Talaat
- Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Pathology Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ker-Kan Tan
- Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vivian Y. Tat
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas, Galveston
| | - Bemnet Amare A. Tedla
- College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
- University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Fisaha Haile Tesfay
- School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
- Southgate Institute for Health and Society, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Gizachew Assefa Tessema
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rekha Thapar
- Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India
| | - Aravind Thavamani
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Nihal Thomas
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India
| | - Hamid Reza Tohidinik
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center and World Health Organization Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, National Institute for Health and Medical Research Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Paris, France
- Department of Health, Medicine and Human Biology, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, France
| | - Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Modestum LTD, London, England
| | - Eugenio Traini
- Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bach Xuan Tran
- Department of Health Economics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Khanh Bao Tran
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Clinical Hematology and Toxicology, Maurice Wilkins Centre, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mai Thi Ngoc Tran
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Health Informatics Department, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Hanoi Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Jaya Prasad Tripathy
- Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur, India
| | - Biruk Shalmeno Tusa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
| | - Irfan Ullah
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Iqra National University, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Pakistan Council for Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saif Ullah
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Era Upadhyay
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Marco Vacante
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maryam Vaezi
- Alzahra Teaching Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sahel Valadan Tahbaz
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Milad General Hospital, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Diana Zuleika Velazquez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, Mexico
| | - Massimiliano Veroux
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco S. Violante
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Occupational Health Unit, Sant'Orsola Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vasily Vlassov
- Department of Health Care Administration and Economics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Bay Vo
- Faculty of Information Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Victor Volovici
- Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Center for Experimental Microsurgery, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Giang Thu Vu
- Center of Excellence in Behavioral Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yasir Waheed
- Foundation University Medical College, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Richard G. Wamai
- Cultures, Societies and Global Studies, Integrated Initiative for Global Health, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
- School of Public Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Paul Ward
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yi Feng Wen
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Stomatological Hospital (College) of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ronny Westerman
- Competence Center of Mortality-Follow-Up of the German National Cohort, Federal Institute for Population Research, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Andrea Sylvia Winkler
- Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lalit Yadav
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Research and Development Division, The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Lin Yang
- Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sanni Yaya
- School of International Development and Global Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- George Institute for Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
| | | | - Yigizie Yeshaw
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Naohiro Yonemoto
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mustafa Z. Younis
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Jackson State University, Jackson, Mississippi
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zabihollah Yousefi
- Department of Environmental Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Chuanhua Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Deniz Yuce
- Cancer Institute, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ismaeel Yunusa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia
| | - Vesna Zadnik
- Epidemiology and Cancer Registry Sector, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Fariba Zare
- Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Moscow Research and Practical Centre on Addictions, Moscow, Russia
- Addictology Department, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anasthasia Zastrozhina
- Pediatrics Department, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jianrong Zhang
- Department of General Practice, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Victorian Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Chenwen Zhong
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Linghui Zhou
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston
| | - Arash Ziapour
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Christina Fitzmaurice
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
- Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Christopher J. L. Murray
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Lisa M. Force
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle
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S ST, Krishnan SK, Das P, Sudarshan KL, Kotian CM, Santhappan S, Vishwakarma MB, N S, Mathur P. Descriptive Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Cancers: Results from National Cancer Registry Programme, India. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:409-418. [PMID: 35225451 PMCID: PMC9272639 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.2.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to determine the incidence, histology, clinical extent of disease, and trends of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers in India. Methods: GI cancer cases diagnosed between 2012-2016 from 28 Population-Based Cancer Registries and 58 Hospital Based Cancer Registries under the National Cancer Registry Programme were included. Crude incidence rate and age-standardized incidence rates (AARs) were calculated. Joinpoint regression program, 4.0.1 was used for trend analysis for data from 1982 to 2016, and a P-value of <<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: GI cancers’ occurrence was more common among men (60.5%) than in women (39.5%). The incidence of GI cancer was highest in India’s northeast region, Aizawl district (AAR 126.9) among males, and in Papumpare district (AAR 75.9) among females. The commonest cancer among men was cancer of the esophagus (28.2%), followed by stomach cancer (21%) and rectum cancer (14.3%). Among women, cancer of the esophagus (25.7%), gallbladder (23.8%), stomach (14.8%), and rectum (14.6%) were common. Adenocarcinoma (57.83%) was the commonest type of GI tumors, followed by Squamous Cell neoplasms (25.99%). Majority of the GI cancers presented at the locoregional stage, but cancer of the gall bladder and pancreas presented at advanced stages. A rising trend for cancers of the colon, rectum, liver, gall bladder, pancreas was seen, while a declining trend was observed for stomach and oesophageal cancer. Conclusion: Our study highlights an increasing magnitude of GI cancers across different regions of India. Cancer registries form an essential tool for surveillance of GI cancers thus guiding prevention, early detection, and control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakuntala T S
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sathish Kumar Krishnan
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Chitra M Kotian
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Stephen Santhappan
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Monesh Baburao Vishwakarma
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sureshkumar N
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, India
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Nath A, Sathishkumar K, Das P, Sudarshan KL, Mathur P. A clinicoepidemiological profile of lung cancers in India - Results from the National Cancer Registry Programme. Indian J Med Res 2022; 155:264-272. [PMID: 35946203 PMCID: PMC9629535 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1364_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives Lung cancer is a significant public health concern in low- and middle-income countries such as India. The present article describes the epidemiology, and clinical profile of lung cancer in India, based on recent data from the National Cancer Registry Programme (NCRP). Methods The latest data on lung cancer from the NCRP were collated from 28 population-based cancer registries and 58 hospital-based cancer registries across a five-year (2012-2016) reporting period. Results The highest age-adjusted incidence rate and mortality (AAMR) was found amongst males and females in the Aizawl district of Mizoram. A significant increase in the annual per cent change of lung cancer incidence was observed in metropolitan cities from 1982 to 2016. About one-third of the cases (36.5%) in males and females (31.7%) were recorded in the age group of 55-64 yr. Adenocarcinoma accounted for about a third (34.3%) of the morphological type in males and half (52.7% ) amongst females. Out of 22,645 recorded lung cancer cases, close to half (44.8%) of the patients presented with distant spread, while over one-third (35.3%) had loco-regional spread of disease at the time of diagnosis. Interpretation & conclusions Our estimates suggest that the number of cases is expected to rise sharply to 81,219 cases amongst males and 30,109 in females in 2025. The rising incidence and delayed diagnosis of lung cancer in India are grave concerns. The findings of the present study call for scaling up and intensification of lung cancer-specific preventive, early diagnosis and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Nath
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Krishnan Sathishkumar
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Prashant Mathur
- National Centre for Disease Informatics & Research, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Krishnan A, Amarchand R, Tarik M, Salve HR, Raghav P, Patro BK, Rajkumar P, Sekhawat K, Joshi P, Mathur P, Tullu F, Ramakrishnan L. Performance of equations for estimation of 24-hour urinary sodium from morning fasting urine samples in a multisite study in India. Natl Med J India 2022; 35:4-10. [PMID: 36039619 DOI: 10.25259/nmji_352_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Background Dietary salt intake is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Estimation of 24-hour salt intake using morning urine samples needs to be validated in the Indian context. We examined the performance of INTERSALT, Tanaka and Kawasaki equations for the estimation of 24-hour urinary sodium from morning fasting urine (MFU) samples. Methods We enrolled 486 adults aged 18-69 years from four regions of India with equal rural/urban and sex representation to provide 24-hour urine samples. The next day, a MFU sample was obtained. Based on the volume and sodium content of the 24-hour urine sample, 24-hour sodium excretion (reference method) was calculated. Sodium levels in the MFU samples were measured along with other parameters required, and the above equations were used to estimate 24-hour urinary sodium levels. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess the degree of agreement between the estimates from the reference method and the three equations. Bland-Altman (BA) plots were used to identify systematic bias and limits of agreement. A difference of 1 g of salt (0.39 g of sodium) between the mean salt intake by 24-hour urine and as estimated by equations was considered acceptable. Results A total of 346 participants provided both the samples. The mean (SD) daily salt intake estimated by the 24-hour urine sample method was 9.9 (5.8) g. ICC was low for all the three equations: highest for Kawasaki (0.16; 95% CI 0.05-0.26) and least for Tanaka (0.12; 0.02-0.22). Only Tanaka equation provided estimates within 1 g of measured 24-hour salt intake (-0.36 g). BA plots showed that as the mean values increased, all the three equations provided lower estimates of salt intake. Conclusion Tanaka equation provided acceptable values of 24-hour salt intake at the population level. However, poor performance of all the equations highlights the need to understand the reasons and develop better methods for the measurement of sodium intake at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Krishnan
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Ritvik Amarchand
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Mohamad Tarik
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Harshal Ramesh Salve
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pankaja Raghav
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Binod Kumar Patro
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Prabu Rajkumar
- National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kusum Sekhawat
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | | | - Prashant Mathur
- National Center for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Lakshmy Ramakrishnan
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
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Venkateswaran V, Parida R, Khanna P, Bhoi D, Singh AK, Mathur P, Sahoo D, Dass C, Gupta A, Aravindan A, Trikha A. Maternal and neonatal characteristics, operative details and outcomes in COVID-19 positive parturients undergoing cesarean sections: A retrospective observational study. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol 2022; 38:S52-S57. [PMID: 36060190 PMCID: PMC9438814 DOI: 10.4103/joacp.joacp_358_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Alvarez EM, Force LM, Xu R, Compton K, Lu D, Henrikson HJ, Kocarnik JM, Harvey JD, Pennini A, Dean FE, Fu W, Vargas MT, Keegan THM, Ariffin H, Barr RD, Erdomaeva YA, Gunasekera DS, John-Akinola YO, Ketterl TG, Kutluk T, Malogolowkin MH, Mathur P, Radhakrishnan V, Ries LAG, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Sagoyan GB, Sultan I, Abbasi B, Abbasi-Kangevari M, Abbasi-Kangevari Z, Abbastabar H, Abdelmasseh M, Abd-Elsalam S, Abdoli A, Abebe H, Abedi A, Abidi H, Abolhassani H, Abubaker Ali H, Abu-Gharbieh E, Achappa B, Acuna JM, Adedeji IA, Adegboye OA, Adnani QES, Advani SM, Afzal MS, Aghaie Meybodi M, Ahadinezhad B, Ahinkorah BO, Ahmad S, Ahmadi S, Ahmed MB, Ahmed Rashid T, Ahmed Salih Y, Aiman W, Akalu GT, Al Hamad H, Alahdab F, AlAmodi AA, Alanezi FM, Alanzi TM, Alem AZ, Alem DT, Alemayehu Y, Alhalaiqa FN, Alhassan RK, Ali S, Alicandro G, Alipour V, Aljunid SM, Alkhayyat M, Alluri S, Almasri NA, Al-Maweri SA, Almustanyir S, Al-Raddadi RM, Alvis-Guzman N, Ameyaw EK, Amini S, Amu H, Ancuceanu R, Andrei CL, Andrei T, Ansari F, Ansari-Moghaddam A, Anvari D, Anyasodor AE, Arabloo J, Arab-Zozani M, Argaw AM, Arshad M, Arulappan J, Aryannejad A, Asemi Z, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Atashzar MR, Atorkey P, Atreya A, Attia S, Aujayeb A, Ausloos M, Avila-Burgos L, Awedew AF, Ayala Quintanilla BP, Ayele AD, Ayen SS, Azab MA, Azadnajafabad S, Azami H, Azangou-Khyavy M, Azari Jafari A, Azarian G, Azzam AY, Bahadory S, Bai J, Baig AA, Baker JL, Banach M, Bärnighausen TW, Barone-Adesi F, Barra F, Barrow A, Basaleem H, Batiha AMM, Behzadifar M, Bekele NC, Belete R, Belgaumi UI, Bell AW, Berhie AY, Bhagat DS, Bhagavathula AS, Bhardwaj N, Bhardwaj P, Bhaskar S, Bhattacharyya K, Bhojaraja VS, Bibi S, Bijani A, Biondi A, Birara S, Bjørge T, Bolarinwa OA, Bolla SR, Boloor A, Braithwaite D, Brenner H, Bulamu NB, Burkart K, Bustamante-Teixeira MT, Butt NS, Butt ZA, Caetano dos Santos FL, Cao C, Cao Y, Carreras G, Catalá-López F, Cembranel F, Cerin E, Chakinala RC, Chakraborty PA, Chattu VK, Chaturvedi P, Chaurasia A, Chavan PP, Chimed-Ochir O, Choi JYJ, Christopher DJ, Chu DT, Chung MT, Conde J, Costa VM, Da'ar OB, Dadras O, Dahlawi SMA, Dai X, Damiani G, D'Amico E, Dandona L, Dandona R, Daneshpajouhnejad P, Darwish AH, Daryani A, De la Hoz FP, Debela SA, Demie TGG, Demissie GD, Demissie ZG, Denova-Gutiérrez E, Derbew Molla M, Desai R, Desta AA, Dhamnetiya D, Dharmaratne SD, Dhimal ML, Dhimal M, Dianatinasab M, Didehdar M, Diress M, Djalalinia S, Do HP, Doaei S, Dorostkar F, dos Santos WM, Drake TM, Ekholuenetale M, El Sayed I, El Sayed Zaki M, El Tantawi M, El-Abid H, Elbahnasawy MA, Elbarazi I, Elhabashy HR, Elhadi M, El-Jaafary SI, Enyew DB, Erkhembayar R, Eshrati B, Eskandarieh S, Faisaluddin M, Fares J, Farooque U, Fasanmi AO, Fatima W, Ferreira de Oliveira JMP, Ferrero S, Ferro Desideri L, Fetensa G, Filip I, Fischer F, Fisher JL, Foroutan M, Fukumoto T, Gaal PA, Gad MM, Gaewkhiew P, Gallus S, Garg T, Gebremeskel TG, Gemeda BNB, Getachew T, Ghafourifard M, Ghamari SH, Ghashghaee A, Ghassemi F, Ghith N, Gholami A, Gholizadeh Navashenaq J, Gilani SA, Ginindza TG, Gizaw AT, Glasbey JC, Goel A, Golechha M, Goleij P, Golinelli D, Gopalani SV, Gorini G, Goudarzi H, Goulart BNG, Grada A, Gubari MIM, Guerra MR, Guha A, Gupta B, Gupta S, Gupta VB, Gupta VK, Haddadi R, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hailu A, Haj-Mirzaian A, Halwani R, Hamadeh RR, Hambisa MT, Hameed S, Hamidi S, Haque S, Hariri S, Haro JM, Hasaballah AI, Hasan SMM, Hashemi SM, Hassan TS, Hassanipour S, Hay SI, Hayat K, Hebo SH, Heidari G, Heidari M, Herrera-Serna BY, Herteliu C, Heyi DZ, Hezam K, Hole MK, Holla R, Horita N, Hossain MM, Hossain MB, Hosseini MS, Hosseini M, Hosseinzadeh A, Hosseinzadeh M, Hostiuc M, Hostiuc S, Househ M, Hsairi M, Huang J, Hussein NR, Hwang BF, Ibitoye SE, Ilesanmi OS, Ilic IM, Ilic MD, Innos K, Irham LM, Islam RM, Islam SMS, Ismail NE, Isola G, Iwagami M, Jacob L, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Jain V, Jakovljevic M, Janghorban R, Javadi Mamaghani A, Jayaram S, Jayawardena R, Jazayeri SB, Jebai R, Jha RP, Joo T, Joseph N, Joukar F, Jürisson M, Kaambwa B, Kabir A, Kalankesh LR, Kaliyadan F, Kamal Z, Kamath A, Kandel H, Kar SS, Karaye IM, Karimi A, Kassa BG, Kauppila JH, Kemp Bohan PM, Kengne AP, Kerbo AA, Keykhaei M, Khader YS, Khajuria H, Khalili N, Khalili N, Khan EA, Khan G, Khan M, Khan MN, Khan MAB, Khanali J, Khayamzadeh M, Khosravizadeh O, Khubchandani J, Khundkar R, Kim MS, Kim YJ, Kisa A, Kisa S, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Kolahi AA, Kopec JA, Koteeswaran R, Koulmane Laxminarayana SL, Koyanagi A, Kugbey N, Kumar GA, Kumar N, Kwarteng A, La Vecchia C, Lan Q, Landires I, Lasrado S, Lauriola P, Ledda C, Lee SW, Lee WC, Lee YY, Lee YH, Leigh J, Leong E, Li B, Li J, Li MC, Lim SS, Liu X, Lobo SW, Loureiro JA, Lugo A, Lunevicius R, Magdy Abd El Razek H, Magdy Abd El Razek M, Mahmoudi M, Majeed A, Makki A, Male S, Malekpour MR, Malekzadeh R, Malik AA, Mamun MA, Manafi N, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Mansouri B, Mansournia MA, Martini S, Masoumi SZ, Matei CN, Mathur MR, McAlinden C, Mehrotra R, Mendoza W, Menezes RG, Mentis AFA, Meretoja TJ, Mersha AG, Mesregah MK, Mestrovic T, Miao Jonasson J, Miazgowski B, Michalek IM, Miller TR, Mingude AB, Mirmoeeni S, Mirzaei H, Misra S, Mithra P, Mohammad KA, Mohammadi M, Mohammadi SM, Mohammadian-Hafshejani A, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohammed A, Mohammed S, Mohammed TA, Moka N, Mokdad AH, Molokhia M, Momtazmanesh S, Monasta L, Moni MA, Moradi G, Moradi Y, Moradzadeh M, Moradzadeh R, Moraga P, Morrison SD, Mostafavi E, Mousavi Khaneghah A, Mpundu-Kaambwa C, Mubarik S, Mwanri L, Nabhan AF, Nagaraju SP, Nagata C, Naghavi M, Naimzada MD, Naldi L, Nangia V, Naqvi AA, Narasimha Swamy S, Narayana AI, Nayak BP, Nayak VC, Nazari J, Nduaguba SO, Negoi I, Negru SM, Nejadghaderi SA, Nepal S, Neupane Kandel S, Nggada HA, Nguyen CT, Nnaji CA, Nosrati H, Nouraei H, Nowroozi A, Nuñez-Samudio V, Nwatah VE, Nzoputam CI, Oancea B, Odukoya OO, Oguntade AS, Oh IH, Olagunju AT, Olagunju TO, Olakunde BO, Oluwasanu MM, Omar E, Omar Bali A, Ong S, Onwujekwe OE, Ortega-Altamirano DV, Otstavnov N, Otstavnov SS, Oumer B, Owolabi MO, P A M, Padron-Monedero A, Padubidri JR, Pakshir K, Pana A, Pandey A, Pardhan S, Pashazadeh Kan F, Pasovic M, Patel JR, Pati S, Pattanshetty SM, Paudel U, Pereira RB, Peres MFP, Perianayagam A, Postma MJ, Pourjafar H, Pourshams A, Prashant A, Pulakunta T, Qadir MMFF, Rabiee M, Rabiee N, Radfar A, Radhakrishnan RA, Rafiee A, Rafiei A, Rafiei S, Rahim F, Rahimzadeh S, Rahman M, Rahman MA, Rahmani AM, Rajesh A, Ramezani-Doroh V, Ranabhat K, Ranasinghe P, Rao CR, Rao SJ, Rashedi S, Rashidi M, Rashidi MM, Rath GK, Rawaf DL, Rawaf S, Rawal L, Rawassizadeh R, Razeghinia MS, Regasa MT, Renzaho AMN, Rezaei M, Rezaei N, Rezaei N, Rezaeian M, Rezapour A, Rezazadeh-Khadem S, Riad A, Rios Lopez LE, Rodriguez JAB, Ronfani L, Roshandel G, Rwegerera GM, Saber-Ayad MM, Sabour S, Saddik B, Sadeghi E, Sadeghian S, Saeed U, Sahebkar A, Saif-Ur-Rahman KM, Sajadi SM, Salahi S, Salehi S, Salem MR, Salimzadeh H, Samy AM, Sanabria J, Sanmarchi F, Sarveazad A, Sathian B, Sawhney M, Sawyer SM, Saylan M, Schneider IJC, Seidu AA, Šekerija M, Sendo EG, Sepanlou SG, Seylani A, Seyoum K, Sha F, Shafaat O, Shaikh MA, Shamsoddin E, Shannawaz M, Sharma R, Sheikhbahaei S, Shetty A, Shetty BSK, Shetty PH, Shin JI, Shirkoohi R, Shivakumar KM, Shobeiri P, Siabani S, Sibhat MM, Siddappa Malleshappa SK, Sidemo NB, Silva DAS, Silva Julian G, Singh AD, Singh JA, Singh JK, Singh S, Sinke AH, Sintayehu Y, Skryabin VY, Skryabina AA, Smith L, Sofi-Mahmudi A, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Song S, Spurlock EE, Steiropoulos P, Straif K, Subedi R, Sufiyan MB, Suliankatchi Abdulkader R, Sultana S, Szerencsés V, Szócska M, Tabaeian SP, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tabary M, Tabuchi T, Tadbiri H, Taheri M, Taherkhani A, Takahashi K, Tampa M, Tan KK, Tat VY, Tavakoli A, Tbakhi A, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Temsah MH, Tesfay FH, Tesfaye B, Thakur JS, Thapar R, Thavamani A, Thiyagarajan A, Thomas N, Tobe-Gai R, Togtmol M, Tohidast SA, Tohidinik HR, Tolani MA, Tollosa DN, Touvier M, Tovani-Palone MR, Traini E, Tran BX, Tran MTN, Tripathy JP, Tusa BS, Ukke GG, Ullah I, Ullah S, Umapathi KK, Unnikrishnan B, Upadhyay E, Ushula TW, Vacante M, Valadan Tahbaz S, Varthya SB, Veroux M, Villeneuve PJ, Violante FS, Vlassov V, Vu GT, Waheed Y, Wang N, Ward P, Weldesenbet AB, Wen YF, Westerman R, Winkler AS, Wubishet BL, Xu S, Yahyazadeh Jabbari SH, Yang L, Yaya S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Yazie TS, Yehualashet SS, Yeshaneh A, Yeshaw Y, Yirdaw BW, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yousefi Z, Yu C, Yunusa I, Zadnik V, Zahir M, Zahirian Moghadam T, Zamani M, Zamanian M, Zandian H, Zare F, Zastrozhin MS, Zastrozhina A, Zhang J, Zhang ZJ, Ziapour A, Zoladl M, Murray CJL, Fitzmaurice C, Bleyer A, Bhakta N. The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Oncol 2022; 23:27-52. [PMID: 34871551 PMCID: PMC8716339 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(21)00581-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. Comprehensive estimates of the global cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (aged 15-39 years) are lacking. To address this gap, we analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, with a focus on the outcome of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), to inform global cancer control measures in adolescents and young adults. METHODS Using the GBD 2019 methodology, international mortality data were collected from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and population-based cancer registry inputs modelled with mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs). Incidence was computed with mortality estimates and corresponding MIRs. Prevalence estimates were calculated using modelled survival and multiplied by disability weights to obtain years lived with disability (YLDs). Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as age-specific cancer deaths multiplied by the standard life expectancy at the age of death. The main outcome was DALYs (the sum of YLLs and YLDs). Estimates were presented globally and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles (countries ranked and divided into five equal SDI groups), and all estimates were presented with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). For this analysis, we used the age range of 15-39 years to define adolescents and young adults. FINDINGS There were 1·19 million (95% UI 1·11-1·28) incident cancer cases and 396 000 (370 000-425 000) deaths due to cancer among people aged 15-39 years worldwide in 2019. The highest age-standardised incidence rates occurred in high SDI (59·6 [54·5-65·7] per 100 000 person-years) and high-middle SDI countries (53·2 [48·8-57·9] per 100 000 person-years), while the highest age-standardised mortality rates were in low-middle SDI (14·2 [12·9-15·6] per 100 000 person-years) and middle SDI (13·6 [12·6-14·8] per 100 000 person-years) countries. In 2019, adolescent and young adult cancers contributed 23·5 million (21·9-25·2) DALYs to the global burden of disease, of which 2·7% (1·9-3·6) came from YLDs and 97·3% (96·4-98·1) from YLLs. Cancer was the fourth leading cause of death and tenth leading cause of DALYs in adolescents and young adults globally. INTERPRETATION Adolescent and young adult cancers contributed substantially to the overall adolescent and young adult disease burden globally in 2019. These results provide new insights into the distribution and magnitude of the adolescent and young adult cancer burden around the world. With notable differences observed across SDI settings, these estimates can inform global and country-level cancer control efforts. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities, St Baldrick's Foundation, and the National Cancer Institute.
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Brokus C, Kattakuzhy S, Gayle B, Narayanan S, Davis A, Cover A, Eyasu R, Ebah E, Ogbumbadiugha-Weekes O, Hoffmann J, Silk R, Stevens J, Mount J, Gannon C, Nussdorf L, Mathur P, Bijole P, Jones M, Kier R, Sternberg D, Greenblatt A, Weintraub E, Masur H, Kottilil S, Rosenthal E. Suboptimal uptake, retention, and adherence of daily oral PrEP among people with OUD receiving HCV treatment. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 9:ofab658. [PMID: 35187191 PMCID: PMC8849288 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Daily oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC) prevents human immunodeficiency (HIV) among people who inject drugs (PWID). Despite rising HIV incidence and injection drug use (IDU), PrEP use remains low and there is limited research about uptake, adherence, and retention among PWID. Methods The ANCHOR investigation evaluated a community-based care model collocating hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment, medication for opioid use disorder (OUD), and PrEP in individuals in Washington, DC, and Baltimore, Maryland. PrEP counseling was conducted from HCV treatment day 0 until week 24. Subjects could start any time during this window, were followed for 48 weeks, and were assessed for adherence by self-report and dried blood spot TDF analysis. Results One hundred ninety-eight participants were enrolled, of whom 185 (93%) were HIV negative. Twenty-nine individuals (15.7% of HIV-negative cohort) initiated PrEP. One hundred sixteen participants (62.7%) met 2014 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) PrEP criteria due to IDU (82 [44.3%]), sex (9 [4.9%]), or both practices (25 [13.5%]). Providers recommended PrEP to 94 individuals (50.8%), and recommendation was associated with PrEP uptake. Median treatment duration was 104 days (interquartile range, 28–276 days), with 8 participants retained through week 48. Adherence was variable over time by self-report and declined by TDF analysis. No HIV seroconversions occurred. Conclusions This cohort of people with HCV and OUD experienced low uptake of PrEP despite the majority meeting CDC criteria. High rates of disruption and discontinuation, compounded by variable adherence, made TDF/FTC a suboptimal prevention strategy. Emerging modalities like long-acting formulations may address these barriers, but PWID have been excluded from their development to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brokus
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - S Kattakuzhy
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - B Gayle
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - S Narayanan
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - A Davis
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - A Cover
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - R Eyasu
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - E Ebah
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - O Ogbumbadiugha-Weekes
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - J Hoffmann
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - R Silk
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - J Stevens
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - J Mount
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - C Gannon
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - L Nussdorf
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
| | - P Mathur
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - P Bijole
- HIPS, org, Washington, DC, United States
| | - M Jones
- Division of Addiction Research and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - R Kier
- Division of Addiction Research and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - D Sternberg
- Division of Addiction Research and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - A Greenblatt
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Division of Addiction Research and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - E Weintraub
- Division of Addiction Research and Treatment, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - H Masur
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - S Kottilil
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - E Rosenthal
- DC Partnership for HIV/AIDS Progress, Washington, DC, United States
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Jauhari R, Mathur P, Gupta V. Correlation of Vitamin D Levels with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study. JPRI 2021. [DOI: 10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i59b34350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare vitamin D status in, women with PCOS & fertile women without PCOS and its subsequent evaluation.
Introduction: PCOS is an endocrine disorder of women in reproductive age, characterised by obesity, hyperandrogenaemia and insulin resistance. Women with PCOS tend to be overweight and have increased risk of development of Type II Diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Exact Etiology of PCOS still remain an enigmatic dilemma however various studies conducted till date include diet and lifestyle modification as the key factor to promote health, BMI, reduced hyperinsulinemia and reduce the risk of development of PCOS.
Main aim of our study was to compare vitamin D status in women having PCOS, with fertile women in a tertiary care hospital in Uttarakhand.
Methodology: The conducted study was cross sectional, involving the enrolment of 100 women comprising of 50 women with PCOS and 50 fertile women without PCOS. Participants were selected from gynaecological OPD at Shri Mahant Indiresh Hospital, associated with Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun from July 2019 to January 2020. The diagnostic criteria of PCOS used was the Rotterdam criteria. The serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and other metabolic markers were measured. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25 (OH) D concentrations less than 20 ng/ml measured on an instrument named as miniVidas (BioMerieux, Germany) based on ELFA (enzyme linked fluorescent assay).
Results: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was significantly lower in women with PCOS compared to fertile controls (p< 0.0001), and the prevalence rates of 25(OH) D deficiency and insufficiency were higher in women with PCOS than in fertile women (p < 0.0001). The study results showed that the prevalence of 25 (OH) D deficiencies in PCOS women was significantly high. Serum 25 (OH) D concentrations were significantly negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fasting insulin, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), (P < 0.05). In comparison, serum 25 (OH) D concentrations were significantly positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P < 0.05). Increased BMI and WHR, high levels of fasting insulin, total cholesterol and LDL-C were regarded as risk factors, but high level of HDL-C was considered to be protective factor of vitamin D deficiency in PCOS women.
Conclusion: The study demonstrated that women with PCOS have a significantly lower 25(OH) D compared to fertile controls. A compromised vitamin D status in PCOS women is associated with a higher prevalence and metabolic risk of PCOS in women.
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Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the commonest cause of anovulatory infertility. Depending on the population studied between 5 and 18% of women of reproductive age suffer from PCOS, however not all of them are anovulatory or experience subfertility. PCOS has been associated with numerous reproductive and metabolic abnormalities. Despite enormous advances in the management of reproductive dysfunction, insight into the metabolic implications of PCOS is limited by the lack of uniform diagnostic criteria, the heterogeneity of the condition and the presence of confounders including obesity. Obesity clearly has a role in long term health and may best predict both reproductive and metabolic dysfunction as well as negatively affect the response to treatment in women with PCOS. Diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer are also at the forefront of any risk assessment or comprehensive treatment strategy for these women. Lifestyle modifications including dietary changes, increased exercise and weight loss are appropriate first line interventions for many women with PCOS. Pharmaceuticals including metformin, lipid lowering agents and oral contraceptives should be tailored to the individual’s risk profile and treatment goals. The fertility treatment in women with subfertility and PCOS aimed to safely induce monofollicular ovulation resulting in the birth of a singleton child. Women with PCOS undergoing fertility treatment are at risk of multi-follicular development as well as ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome (OHSS), so they must be carefully counselled and monitored during fertility treatment. It is imperative that prior to embarking on fertility treatment, a patient’s health and weight is optimised. This chapter will explore the latest evidence for fertility treatments for women with PCOS.
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Auvinen J, Avdićová M, Azevedo A, Azimi-Nezhad M, Azizi F, Azmin M, Babu BV, Bahijri S, Balakrishna N, Bamoshmoosh M, Banach M, Banadinović M, Bandosz P, Banegas JR, Baran J, Barbagallo CM, Barceló A, Barkat A, Barreto M, Barros AJD, Barros MVG, Bartosiewicz A, Basit A, Bastos JLD, Bata I, Batieha AM, Batyrbek A, Baur LA, Beaglehole R, Belavendra A, Ben Romdhane H, Benet M, Benson LS, Berkinbayev S, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Bernotiene G, Bettiol H, Bezerra J, Bhagyalaxmi A, Bhargava SK, Bia D, Biasch K, Bika Lele EC, Bikbov MM, Bista B, Bjerregaard P, Bjertness E, Bjertness MB, Björkelund C, Bloch KV, Blokstra A, Bo S, Bobak M, Boeing H, Boggia JG, Boissonnet CP, Bojesen SE, Bongard V, Bonilla-Vargas A, Bopp M, Borghs H, Bovet P, Boyer CB, Braeckman L, Brajkovich I, Branca F, Breckenkamp J, Brenner H, Brewster LM, Briceño Y, Brito M, Bruno G, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Bueno G, Bugge A, Burns C, Bursztyn M, Cabrera de León A, Cacciottolo J, Cameron C, Can G, Cândido APC, Capanzana MV, Čapková N, Capuano E, Capuano V, Cardoso VC, Carlsson AC, Carvalho J, Casanueva FF, Censi L, Cervantes-Loaiza M, Chadjigeorgiou CA, Chamukuttan S, Chan AW, Chan Q, Chaturvedi HK, Chaturvedi N, Chee ML, Chen CJ, Chen F, Chen H, Chen S, Chen Z, Cheng CY, Cheraghian B, Cherkaoui Dekkaki I, Chetrit A, Chien KL, Chiolero A, Chiou ST, Chirita-Emandi A, Chirlaque MD, Cho B, Christensen K, Christofaro DG, Chudek J, Cinteza E, Claessens F, Clarke J, Clays E, Cohen E, Concin H, Cooper C, Coppinger TC, Costanzo S, Cottel D, Cowell C, Craig CL, Crampin AC, Crujeiras AB, Cruz JJ, Csilla S, Cui L, Cureau FV, Cuschieri S, D'Arrigo G, d'Orsi E, Dallongeville J, Dankner R, Dantoft TM, Dauchet L, Davletov K, De Backer G, De Bacquer D, De Curtis A, de Gaetano G, De Henauw S, de Oliveira PD, De Ridder D, De Smedt D, Deepa M, Deev AD, DeGennaro VJ, Delisle H, Demarest S, Dennison E, Deschamps V, Dhimal M, Di Castelnuovo AF, Dias-da-Costa JS, Diaz A, Dickerson TT, Dika Z, Djalalinia S, Do HTP, Dobson AJ, Donfrancesco C, Donoso SP, Döring A, Dorobantu M, Dörr M, Doua K, Dragano N, Drygas W, Duante CA, Duboz P, Duda RB, Dulskiene V, Dushpanova A, Džakula A, Dzerve V, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E, Eddie R, Eftekhar E, Eggertsen R, Eghtesad S, Eiben G, Ekelund U, El-Khateeb M, El Ati J, Eldemire-Shearer D, Eliasen M, Elosua R, Erasmus RT, Erbel R, Erem C, Eriksen L, Eriksson JG, Escobedo-de la Peña J, Eslami S, Esmaeili A, Evans A, Faeh D, Fakhretdinova AA, Fall CH, Faramarzi E, Farjam M, Fattahi MR, Fawwad A, Felix-Redondo FJ, Felix SB, Ferguson TS, Fernandes RA, Fernández-Bergés D, Ferrante D, Ferrao T, Ferrari M, Ferrario MM, Ferreccio C, Ferreira HS, Ferrer E, Ferrieres J, Figueiró TH, Fink G, Fischer K, Foo LH, Forsner M, Fouad HM, Francis DK, Franco MDC, Frikke-Schmidt R, Frontera G, Fuchs FD, Fuchs SC, Fujita Y, Fumihiko M, Furdela V, Furer A, Furusawa T, Gaciong Z, Galbarczyk A, Galenkamp H, Galvano F, Gao J, Gao P, Garcia-de-la-Hera M, Garcia P, Gareta D, Garnett SP, Gaspoz JM, Gasull M, Gazzinelli A, Gehring U, Geleijnse JM, George R, Ghanbari A, Ghasemi E, Gheorghe-Fronea OF, Ghimire A, Gialluisi A, Giampaoli S, Gieger C, Gill TK, Giovannelli J, Gironella G, Giwercman A, Gkiouras K, Goldberg M, Goldsmith RA, Gomez LF, Gomula A, Gonçalves H, Gonçalves M, Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva B, Gonzalez-Chica DA, Gonzalez-Gross M, González-Rivas JP, González-Villalpando C, González-Villalpando ME, Gonzalez AR, Gorbea MB, Gottrand F, Graff-Iversen S, Grafnetter D, Grajda A, Grammatikopoulou MG, Gregor RD, Grodzicki T, Grosso G, Gruden G, Gu D, Guan OP, Gudmundsson EF, Gudnason V, Guerrero R, Guessous I, Guimaraes AL, Gulliford MC, Gunnlaugsdottir J, Gunter MJ, Gupta PC, Gupta R, Gureje O, Gurzkowska B, Gutierrez L, Gutzwiller F, Ha S, Hadaegh F, Haghshenas R, Hakimi H, Halkjær J, Hambleton IR, Hamzeh B, Hange D, Hanif AAM, Hantunen S, Hao J, Hardman CM, Hari Kumar R, Hashemi-Shahri SM, Hata J, Haugsgjerd T, Hayes AJ, He Y, Heier M, Hendriks ME, Henrique RDS, Henriques A, Hernandez Cadena L, Herqutanto, Herrala S, Heshmat R, Hill AG, Ho SY, Ho SC, Hobbs M, Holdsworth M, Homayounfar R, Horasan Dinc G, Horimoto ARVR, Hormiga CM, Horta BL, Houti L, Howitt C, Htay TT, Htet AS, Htike MMT, Hu Y, Huerta JM, Huhtaniemi IT, Huiart L, Huisman M, Husseini AS, Huybrechts I, Hwalla N, Iacoviello L, Iannone AG, Ibrahim MM, Ibrahim Wong N, Ikram MA, Iotova V, Irazola VE, Ishida T, Isiguzo GC, Islam M, Islam SMS, Iwasaki M, Jackson RT, Jacobs JM, Jaddou HY, Jafar T, James K, Jamrozik K, Janszky I, Janus E, Jarvelin MR, Jasienska G, Jelaković A, Jelaković B, Jennings G, Jha AK, Jiang CQ, Jimenez RO, Jöckel KH, Joffres M, Johansson M, Jokelainen JJ, Jonas JB, Jørgensen T, Joshi P, Joukar F, Jóżwiak J, Juolevi A, Jurak G, Jureša V, Kaaks R, Kafatos A, Kajantie EO, Kalmatayeva Z, Kalpourtzi N, Kalter-Leibovici O, Kampmann FB, Kannan S, Karaglani E, Kårhus LL, Karki KB, Katibeh M, Katz J, Kauhanen J, Kaur P, Kavousi M, Kazakbaeva GM, Keil U, Keinan Boker L, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Kelishadi R, Kemper HCG, Keramati M, Kerimkulova A, Kersting M, Key T, Khader YS, Khalili D, Khaw KT, Kheiri B, Kheradmand M, Khosravi A, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U, Kiechl S, Killewo J, Kim DW, Kim J, Klakk H, Klimek M, Klumbiene J, Knoflach M, Kolle E, Kolsteren P, Kontto JP, Korpelainen R, Korrovits P, Kos J, Koskinen S, Kouda K, Kowlessur S, Koziel S, Kratenova J, Kriaucioniene V, Kristensen PL, Krokstad S, Kromhout D, Kruger HS, Kubinova R, Kuciene R, Kujala UM, Kulaga Z, Kumar RK, Kurjata P, Kusuma YS, Kutsenko V, Kuulasmaa K, Kyobutungi C, Laatikainen T, Lachat C, Laid Y, Lam TH, Landrove O, Lanska V, Lappas G, Larijani B, Latt TS, Le Coroller G, Le Nguyen Bao K, Le TD, Lee J, Lee J, Lehmann N, Lehtimäki T, Lemogoum D, Levitt NS, Li Y, Lilly CL, Lim WY, Lima-Costa MF, Lin X, Lin YT, Lind L, Lingam V, Linneberg A, Lissner L, Litwin M, Lo WC, Loit HM, Lopez-Garcia E, Lopez T, Lotufo PA, Lozano JE, Lukačević Lovrenčić I, Lukrafka JL, Luksiene D, Lundqvist A, Lundqvist R, Lunet N, Lustigová M, Luszczki E, Ma G, Ma J, Machado-Coelho GLL, Machado-Rodrigues AM, Macia E, Macieira LM, Madar AA, Maggi S, Magliano DJ, Magriplis E, Mahasampath G, Maire B, Majer M, Makdisse M, Malekzadeh F, Malekzadeh R, Malhotra R, Mallikharjuna Rao K, Malyutina SK, Maniego LV, Manios Y, Mann JI, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Manzato E, Marcil A, Mårild SB, Marinović Glavić M, Marques-Vidal P, Marques LP, Marrugat J, Martorell R, Mascarenhas LP, Matasin M, Mathiesen EB, Mathur P, Matijasevich A, Matlosz P, Matsha TE, Mavrogianni C, Mbanya JCN, Mc Donald Posso AJ, McFarlane SR, McGarvey ST, McLachlan S, McLean RM, McLean SB, McNulty BA, Mediene Benchekor S, Medzioniene J, Mehdipour P, Mehlig K, Mehrparvar AH, Meirhaeghe A, Meisinger C, Mendoza Montano C, Menezes AMB, Menon GR, Mereke A, Meshram II, Metspalu A, Meyer HE, Mi J, Michels N, Mikkel K, Milkowska K, Miller JC, Minderico CS, Mini GK, Mirjalili MR, Mirrakhimov E, Mišigoj-Duraković M, Modesti PA, Moghaddam SS, Mohajer B, Mohamed MK, Mohamed SF, Mohammad K, Mohammadi MR, Mohammadi Z, Mohammadifard N, Mohammadpourhodki R, Mohan V, Mohanna S, Mohd Yusoff MF, Mohebbi I, Mohebi F, Moitry M, Møllehave LT, Molnár D, Momenan A, Mondo CK, Monterrubio-Flores E, Monyeki KDK, Moon JS, Moosazadeh M, Moreira LB, Morejon A, Moreno LA, Morgan K, Moschonis G, Mossakowska M, Mostafa A, Mostafavi SA, Mota J, Motlagh ME, Motta J, Moura-dos-Santos MA, Mridha MK, Msyamboza KP, Mu TT, Muhihi AJ, Muiesan ML, Müller-Nurasyid M, Murphy N, Mursu J, Musa KI, Musić Milanović S, Musil V, Mustafa N, Nabipour I, Naderimagham S, Nagel G, Naidu BM, Najafi F, Nakamura H, Námešná J, Nang EEK, Nangia VB, Narake S, Ndiaye NC, Neal WA, Nejatizadeh A, Nenko I, Neovius M, Nguyen CT, Nguyen ND, Nguyen QV, Nguyen QN, Nieto-Martínez RE, Niiranen TJ, Nikitin YP, Ninomiya T, Nishtar S, Njelekela MA, Noale M, Noboa OA, Noorbala AA, Norat T, Nordendahl M, Nordestgaard BG, Noto D, Nowak-Szczepanska N, Nsour MA, Nunes B, O'Neill TW, O'Reilly D, Ochimana C, Oda E, Odili AN, Oh K, Ohara K, Ohtsuka R, Olié V, Olinto MTA, Oliveira IO, Omar MA, Onat A, Ong SK, Ono LM, Ordunez P, Ornelas R, Ortiz PJ, Osmond C, Ostojic SM, Ostovar A, Otero JA, Overvad K, Owusu-Dabo E, Paccaud FM, Padez C, Pahomova E, Paiva KMD, Pająk A, Palli D, Palmieri L, Pan WH, Panda-Jonas S, Panza F, Paoli M, Papandreou D, Park SW, Park S, Parnell WR, Parsaeian M, Pasquet P, Patel ND, Pavlyshyn H, Pećin I, Pednekar MS, Pedro JM, Peer N, Peixoto SV, Peltonen M, Pereira AC, Peres KGDA, Peres MA, Peters A, Petkeviciene J, Peykari N, Pham ST, Pichardo RN, Pigeot I, Pikhart H, Pilav A, Pilotto L, Pitakaka F, Piwonska A, Pizarro AN, Plans-Rubió P, Polašek O, Porta M, Poudyal A, Pourfarzi F, Pourshams A, Poustchi H, Pradeepa R, Price AJ, Price JF, Providencia R, Puhakka SE, Puiu M, Punab M, Qasrawi RF, Qorbani M, Queiroz D, Quoc Bao T, Radić I, Radisauskas R, Rahimikazerooni S, Rahman M, Raitakari O, Raj M, Rakhimova EM, Ramachandra Rao S, Ramachandran A, Ramos E, Rampal L, Rampal S, Rangel Reina DA, Rarra V, Rech CR, Redon J, Reganit PFM, Regecová V, Revilla L, Rezaianzadeh A, Ribeiro R, Riboli E, Richter A, Rigo F, Rinke de Wit TF, Ritti-Dias RM, Robitaille C, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Rodriguez-Perez MDC, Rodríguez-Villamizar LA, Roggenbuck U, Rojas-Martinez R, Romaguera D, Romeo EL, Rosengren A, Roy JGR, Rubinstein A, Ruidavets JB, Ruiz-Betancourt BS, Ruiz-Castell M, Rusakova IA, Russo P, Rutkowski M, Sabanayagam C, Sabbaghi H, Sachdev HS, Sadjadi A, Safarpour AR, Safi S, Safiri S, Saidi O, Sakarya S, Saki N, Salanave B, Salazar Martinez E, Salmerón D, Salomaa V, Salonen JT, Salvetti M, Sánchez-Abanto J, Sans S, Santos DA, Santos IS, Santos LC, Santos MP, Santos R, Saramies JL, Sardinha LB, Sarganas G, Sarrafzadegan N, Sathish T, Saum KU, Savva S, Sawada N, Sbaraini M, Scazufca M, Schaan BD, Schargrodsky H, Schipf S, Schmidt CO, Schnohr P, Schöttker B, Schramm S, Schultsz C, Schutte AE, Sebert S, Sein AA, Sen A, Senbanjo IO, Sepanlou SG, Servais J, Shalnova SA, Shamah-Levy T, Shamshirgaran M, Shanthirani CS, Sharafkhah M, Sharma SK, Shaw JE, Shayanrad A, Shayesteh AA, Shi Z, Shibuya K, Shimizu-Furusawa H, Shin DW, Shirani M, Shiri R, Shrestha N, Si-Ramlee K, Siani A, Siantar R, Sibai AM, Silva CRDM, Silva DAS, Simon M, Simons J, Simons LA, Sjöström M, Slowikowska-Hilczer J, Slusarczyk P, Smeeth L, So HK, Soares FC, Sobngwi E, Söderberg S, Soemantri A, Sofat R, Solfrizzi V, Somi MH, Sonestedt E, Song Y, Sørensen TIA, Sørgjerd EP, Sorić M, Sossa Jérome C, Soumaré A, Sparboe-Nilsen B, Sparrenberger K, Staessen JA, Starc G, Stavreski B, Steene-Johannessen J, Stehle P, Stein AD, Stergiou GS, Stessman J, Stieber J, Stöckl D, Stocks T, Stokwiszewski J, Stronks K, Strufaldi MW, Suka M, Sun CA, Sung YT, Suriyawongpaisal P, Sy RG, Syddall HE, Sylva RC, Szklo M, Tai ES, Tammesoo ML, Tamosiunas A, Tan EJ, Tang X, Tanser F, Tao Y, Tarawneh MR, Tarqui-Mamani CB, Taylor A, Taylor J, Tebar WR, Tell GS, Tello T, Tham YC, Thankappan KR, Theobald H, Theodoridis X, Thijs L, Thinggaard M, Thomas N, Thorand B, Thuesen BH, Timmermans EJ, Tjandrarini DH, Tjonneland A, Toft U, Tolonen HK, Tolstrup JS, Topbas M, Topór-Madry R, Tormo MJ, Tornaritis MJ, Torrent M, Torres-Collado L, Touloumi G, Traissac P, Triantafyllou A, Trichopoulos D, Trichopoulou A, Trinh OTH, Trivedi A, Tshepo L, Tsugane S, Tuliakova AM, Tulloch-Reid MK, Tullu F, Tuomainen TP, Tuomilehto J, Turley ML, Twig G, Tynelius P, Tzourio C, Ueda P, Ugel E, Ulmer H, Uusitalo HMT, Valdivia G, Valvi D, van Dam RM, van den Born BJ, Van der Heyden J, van der Schouw YT, Van Herck K, Van Minh H, Van Schoor NM, van Valkengoed IGM, van Zutphen EM, Vanderschueren D, Vanuzzo D, Varbo A, Vasan SK, Vega T, Veidebaum T, Velasquez-Melendez G, Veronesi G, Verschuren WMM, Verstraeten R, Victora CG, Viet L, Villalpando S, Vineis P, Vioque J, Virtanen JK, Visvikis-Siest S, Viswanathan B, Vlasoff T, Vollenweider P, Voutilainen A, Wade AN, Walton J, Wambiya EOA, Wan Bebakar WM, Wan Mohamud WN, Wanderley Júnior RDS, Wang MD, Wang N, Wang Q, Wang X, Wang YX, Wang YW, Wannamethee SG, Wareham N, Wei W, Weres A, Werner B, Whincup PH, Widhalm K, Wiecek A, Wilks RJ, Willeit J, Willeit P, Williams EA, Wilsgaard T, Wojtyniak B, Wong-McClure RA, Wong A, Wong TY, Woo J, Wu FC, Wu S, Wyszynska J, Xu H, Xu L, Yaacob NA, Yan W, Yang L, Yang X, Yang Y, Yasuharu T, Ye X, Yiallouros PK, Yoosefi M, Yoshihara A, You SL, Younger-Coleman NO, Yusoff AF, Zainuddin AA, Zakavi SR, Zamani F, Zambon S, Zampelas A, Zapata ME, Zaw KK, Zejglicova K, Zeljkovic Vrkic T, Zeng Y, Zhang L, Zhang ZY, Zhao D, Zhao MH, Zhen S, Zheng Y, Zholdin B, Zhu D, Zins M, Zitt E, Zocalo Y, Zoghlami N, Zuñiga Cisneros J, Ezzati M. Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants. Lancet 2021; 398:957-980. [PMID: 34450083 PMCID: PMC8446938 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01330-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 938] [Impact Index Per Article: 312.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING WHO.
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Sarveswaran G, Rangamani S, Ghosh A, Bhansali A, Dharmalingam M, Unnikrishnan AG, Kishore Vikram N, Mathur P, Misra A. Management of diabetes mellitus through teleconsultation during COVID-19 and similar scenarios - Guidelines from Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) expert group. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2021; 15:102242. [PMID: 34399274 PMCID: PMC8349457 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emergence of COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased use of telemedicine in health care delivery. Telemedicine facilitates long-term clinical care for monitoring and prevention of complications of diabetes mellitus. GUIDELINES Precise indications for teleconsultation, clinical care services which can be provided, and good clinical practices to be followed during teleconsultation are explained. Guidance on risk assessment and health education for diabetes risk factors, counselling for blood glucose monitoring, treatment compliance, and prevention of complications are described. CONCLUSION The guidelines will help physicians in adopting teleconsultation for management of diabetes mellitus, facilitate access to diabetes care and improve health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokul Sarveswaran
- ICMR - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India.
| | - Sukanya Rangamani
- ICMR - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India.
| | - Amerta Ghosh
- Diabetology, Fortis C-DOC Center of Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases, and Endocrinology, New Delhi, 110 048, India.
| | - Anil Bhansali
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160 012, India.
| | - Mala Dharmalingam
- Department of Endocrinology, M S Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 560 054, India.
| | | | - Naval Kishore Vikram
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110 029, India.
| | - Prashant Mathur
- ICMR - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research (NCDIR), Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India.
| | - Anoop Misra
- Fortis C-DOC Center of Excellence for Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases, and Endocrinology, New Delhi, 110 048, India.
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Ranganathan P, Chinnaswamy G, Sengar M, Gadgil D, Thiagarajan S, Bhargava B, Booth CM, Buyse M, Chopra S, Frampton C, Gopal S, Grant N, Krailo M, Langley R, Mathur P, Paoletti X, Parmar M, Purushotham A, Pyle D, Rajaraman P, Stockler MR, Sullivan R, Swaminathan S, Tannock I, Trimble E, Badwe RA, Pramesh CS. The International Collaboration for Research methods Development in Oncology (CReDO) workshops: shaping the future of global oncology research. Lancet Oncol 2021; 22:e369-e376. [PMID: 34216541 PMCID: PMC8328959 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(21)00077-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) have a disproportionately high burden of cancer and cancer mortality. The unique barriers to optimum cancer care in these regions necessitate context-specific research. The conduct of research in LMICs has several challenges, not least of which is a paucity of formal training in research methods. Building capacity by training early career researchers is essential to improve research output and cancer outcomes in LMICs. The International Collaboration for Research methods Development in Oncology (CReDO) workshop is an initiative by the Tata Memorial Centre and the National Cancer Grid of India to address gaps in research training and increase capacity in oncology research. Since 2015, there have been five CReDO workshops, which have trained more than 250 oncologists from India and other countries in clinical research methods and protocol development. Participants from all oncology and allied fields were represented at these workshops. Protocols developed included clinical trials, comparative effectiveness studies, health services research, and observational studies, and many of these protocols were particularly relevant to cancer management in LMICs. A follow-up of these participants in 2020 elicited an 88% response rate and showed that 42% of participants had made progress with their CReDO protocols, and 73% had initiated other research protocols and published papers. In this Policy Review, we describe the challenges to research in LMICs, as well as the evolution, structure, and impact of CReDO and other similar workshops on global oncology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Ranganathan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Girish Chinnaswamy
- Division of Paediatric Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manju Sengar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Durga Gadgil
- Research Administration Council, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shivakumar Thiagarajan
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Christopher M Booth
- Departments of Oncology and Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Marc Buyse
- International Drug Development Institute, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Data Science Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | - Chris Frampton
- Departments of Medicine and Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Satish Gopal
- Center for Global Health, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Mark Krailo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ruth Langley
- Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, UK
| | - Prashant Mathur
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Xavier Paoletti
- University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Versailles, France; Department of Biostatistics, Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France; Department of Statistics for Precision Medicine, INSERM U900, Paris, France
| | - Mahesh Parmar
- Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, UK
| | - Arnie Purushotham
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Douglas Pyle
- American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA, USA
| | - Preetha Rajaraman
- US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA; US Embassy, New Delhi, India
| | - Martin R Stockler
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | | | - Ian Tannock
- Division of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Edward Trimble
- Office of the Director, National Cancer Institute, NIH, US Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rajendra A Badwe
- Departments of Administration and Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - C S Pramesh
- Departments of Administration and Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Singh G, Sharma M, Kumar GA, Rao NG, Prasad K, Mathur P, Pandian JD, Steinmetz JD, Biswas A, Pal PK, Prakash S, Sylaja PN, Nichols E, Dua T, Kaur H, Alladi S, Agarwal V, Aggarwal S, Ambekar A, Bagepally BS, Banerjee TK, Bender RG, Bhagwat S, Bhargava S, Bhatia R, Chakma JK, Chowdhary N, Dey S, Dirac MA, Feigin VL, Ganguli A, Golechha MJ, Gourie-Devi M, Goyal V, Gupta G, Gupta PC, Gupta R, Gururaj G, Hemalatha R, Jeemon P, Johnson CO, Joshi P, Kant R, Kataki AC, Khurana D, Krishnankutty RP, Kyu HH, Lim SS, Lodha R, Ma R, Malhotra R, Malhotra R, Mathai M, Mehrotra R, Misra UK, Mutreja P, Naghavi M, Naik N, Nguyen M, Pandey A, Parmar P, Perianayagam A, Prabhakaran D, Rath GK, Reinig N, Roth GA, Sagar R, Sankar MJ, Shaji KS, Sharma RS, Sharma S, Singh R, Srivastava MVP, Stark BA, Tandon N, Thakur JS, ThekkePurakkal AS, Thomas SV, Tripathi M, Vongpradith A, Wunrow HY, Xavier D, Shukla DK, Reddy KS, Panda S, Dandona R, Murray CJL, Vos T, Dhaliwal RS, Dandona L. The burden of neurological disorders across the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2019. Lancet Glob Health 2021; 9:e1129-e1144. [PMID: 34273302 PMCID: PMC8295043 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(21)00164-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A systematic understanding of the burden of neurological disorders at the subnational level is not readily available for India. We present a comprehensive analysis of the disease burden and trends of neurological disorders at the state level in India. METHODS Using all accessible data from multiple sources, we estimated the prevalence or incidence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for neurological disorders from 1990 to 2019 for all states of India as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019. We assessed the contribution of each neurological disorder to deaths and DALYs in India in 2019, their trends in prevalence or incidence and DALY rates over time, and heterogeneity between the states of India. We also assessed the Pearson correlation coefficient between Socio-demographic Index (SDI) of the states and the prevalence or incidence and DALY rates of each neurological disorder. Additionally, we estimated the contribution of known risk factors to DALYs from neurological disorders. We calculated 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) for the mean estimates. FINDINGS The contribution of non-communicable neurological disorders to total DALYs in India doubled from 4·0% (95% UI 3·2-5·0) in 1990 to 8·2% (6·6-10·2) in 2019, and the contribution of injury-related neurological disorders increased from 0·2% (0·2-0·3) to 0·6% (0·5-0·7). Conversely, the contribution of communicable neurological disorders decreased from 4·1% (3·5-4·8) to 1·1% (0·9-1·5) during the same period. In 2019, the largest contributors to the total neurological disorder DALYs in India were stroke (37·9% [29·9-46·1]), headache disorders (17·5% [3·6-32·5]), epilepsy (11·3% [9·0-14·3]), cerebral palsy (5·7% [4·2-7·7]), and encephalitis (5·3% [3·7-8·9]). The crude DALY rate of several neurological disorders had considerable heterogeneity between the states in 2019, with the highest variation for tetanus (93·2 times), meningitis (8·3 times), and stroke (5·5 times). SDI of the states had a moderate significant negative correlation with communicable neurological disorder DALY rate and a moderate significant positive correlation with injury-related neurological disorder DALY rate in 2019. For most of the non-communicable neurological disorders, there was an increase in prevalence or incidence from 1990 to 2019. Substantial decreases were evident in the incidence and DALY rates of communicable neurological disorders during the same period. Migraine and multiple sclerosis were more prevalent among females than males and traumatic brain injuries were more common among males than females in 2019. Communicable diseases contributed to the majority of total neurological disorder DALYs in children younger than 5 years, and non-communicable neurological disorders were the highest contributor in all other age groups. In 2019, the leading risk factors contributing to DALYs due to non-communicable neurological disorders in India included high systolic blood pressure, air pollution, dietary risks, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body-mass index. For communicable disorders, the identified risk factors with modest contributions to DALYs were low birthweight and short gestation and air pollution. INTERPRETATION The increasing contribution of non-communicable and injury-related neurological disorders to the overall disease burden in India, and the substantial state-level variation in the burden of many neurological disorders highlight the need for state-specific health system responses to address the gaps in neurology services related to awareness, early identification, treatment, and rehabilitation. FUNDING Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; and Indian Council of Medical Research, Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
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Krishnan A, Mathur P, Kulothungan V, Salve HR, Leburu S, Amarchand R, Nongkynrih B, Chaturvedi HK, Ganeshkumar P, K S VU, Laxmaiah A, Boruah M, Kumar S, Patro BK, Raghav PR, Rajkumar P, Sarma PS, Sharma R, Tambe M, Arlappa N, Mahanta TG, Bhuyan PJ, Joshi RP, Pakhare AP, Galhotra A, Kumar D, Behera BK, Topno RK, Gupta MK, Rustagi N, Trivedi AV, Thankappan KR, Gupta S, Garg S, Shelke SC. Preparedness of primary and secondary health facilities in India to address major noncommunicable diseases: results of a National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring Survey (NNMS). BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:757. [PMID: 34332569 PMCID: PMC8325187 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-06530-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The monitoring framework for evaluating health system response to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) include indicators to assess availability of affordable basic technologies and essential medicines to treat them in both public and private primary care facilities. The Government of India launched the National Program for Prevention and Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular diseases and Stroke (NPCDCS) in 2010 to strengthen health systems. We assessed availability of trained human resources, essential medicines and technologies for diabetes, cardiovascular and chronic respiratory diseases as one of the components of the National Noncommunicable Disease Monitoring Survey (NNMS - 2017-18). METHODS NNMS was a cross-sectional survey. Health facility survey component covered three public [Primary health centre (PHC), Community health centre (CHC) and District hospital (DH)] and one private primary in each of the 600 primary sampling units (PSUs) selected by stratified multistage random sampling to be nationally representative. Survey teams interviewed medical officers, laboratory technicians, and pharmacists using an adapted World Health Organization (WHO) - Service Availability and Readiness Assessment (SARA) tool on handhelds with Open Data Kit (ODK) technology. List of essential medicines and technology was according to WHO - Package of Essential Medicines and Technologies for NCDs (PEN) and NPCDCS guidelines for primary and secondary facilities, respectively. Availability was defined as reported to be generally available within facility premises. RESULTS Total of 537 public and 512 private primary facilities, 386 CHCs and 334 DHs across India were covered. NPCDCS was being implemented in 72.8% of CHCs and 86.8% of DHs. All essential technologies and medicines available to manage three NCDs in primary care varied between 1.1% (95% CI; 0.3-3.3) in rural public to 9.0% (95% CI; 6.2-13.0) in urban private facilities. In NPCDCS implementing districts, 0.4% of CHCs and 14.5% of the DHs were fully equipped. DHs were well staffed, CHCs had deficits in physiotherapist and specialist positions, whereas PHCs reported shortage of nurse-midwives and health assistants. Training under NPCDCS was uniformly poor across all facilities. CONCLUSION Both private and public primary care facilities and public secondary facilities are currently not adequately prepared to comprehensively address the burden of NCDs in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Krishnan
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- Indian Council Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India.
| | - Vaitheeswaran Kulothungan
- Indian Council Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Harshal Ramesh Salve
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sravya Leburu
- Indian Council Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Ritvik Amarchand
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Baridalyne Nongkynrih
- Centre for Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - P Ganeshkumar
- Indian Council Medical Research - National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinay Urs K S
- Indian Council Medical Research - National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Nirmal Bhawan-ICMR Complex (II Floor), Poojanahalli, Kannamangala Post, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562 110, India
| | - Avula Laxmaiah
- Division of Public Health Nutrition, Indian Council Medical Research - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Manjit Boruah
- Department of Community Medicine, Assam Medical College, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Binod Kumar Patro
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India
| | - Pankaja Ravi Raghav
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prabu Rajkumar
- Indian Council Medical Research - National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Sankara Sarma
- Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Rinku Sharma
- Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases, National Centre for Disease Control, Directorate General of Health Services, New Delhi, India
| | - Muralidhar Tambe
- Department of Community Medicine, B J Govt. Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - N Arlappa
- Division of Public Health Nutrition, Indian Council Medical Research - National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Tulika Goswami Mahanta
- Department of Community Medicine / Prevention & Social Medicine, Tezpur Medical College, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Pranab Jyoti Bhuyan
- Regional Director Office, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Rajnish P Joshi
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit P Pakhare
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhiruchi Galhotra
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chattisgarh, India
| | - Dewesh Kumar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Binod Kumar Behera
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneshwar, Odisha, India
| | - Roshan K Topno
- Department of Epidemiology, Indian Council Medical Research - Rajendra Memorial Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Neeti Rustagi
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Atulkumar V Trivedi
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - K R Thankappan
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Central University Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala, India
| | - Sonia Gupta
- Centre for Noncommunicable Diseases, National Centre for Disease Control, Directorate General of Health Services, New Delhi, India
| | - Suneela Garg
- Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
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Mathur P, Sathishkumar K, Chaturvedi M, Das P, Sudarshan KL, Santhappan S, Nallasamy V, John A, Narasimhan S, Roselind FS. Cancer Statistics, 2020: Report From National Cancer Registry Programme, India. JCO Glob Oncol 2021; 6:1063-1075. [PMID: 32673076 PMCID: PMC7392737 DOI: 10.1200/go.20.00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The systematic collection of data on cancer is being performed by various population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) and hospital-based cancer registries (HBCRs) across India under the National Cancer Registry Programme–National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research of Indian Council of Medical Research since 1982. METHODS This study examined the cancer incidence, patterns, trends, projections, and mortality from 28 PBCRs and also the stage at presentation and type of treatment of patients with cancer from 58 HBCRs (N = 667,666) from the pooled analysis for the composite period 2012-2016. Time trends in cancer incidence rate were generated as annual percent change from 16 PBCRs (those with a minimum of 10 years of continuous good data available) using Joinpoint regression. RESULTS Aizawl district (269.4) and Papumpare district (219.8) had the highest age-adjusted incidence rates among males and females, respectively. The projected number of patients with cancer in India is 1,392,179 for the year 2020, and the common 5 leading sites are breast, lung, mouth, cervix uteri, and tongue. Trends in cancer incidence rate showed an increase in all sites of cancer in both sexes and were high in Kamrup urban (annual percent change, 3.8%; P < .05). The majority of the patients with cancer were diagnosed at the locally advanced stage for breast (57.0%), cervix uteri (60.0%), head and neck (66.6%), and stomach (50.8%) cancer, whereas in lung cancer, distant metastasis was predominant among males (44.0%) and females (47.6%). CONCLUSION This study provides a framework for assessing the status and trends of cancer in India. It shall guide appropriate support for action to strengthen efforts to improve cancer prevention and control to achieve the national noncommunicable disease targets and the sustainable development goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Mathur
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | | | - Meesha Chaturvedi
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Priyanka Das
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | | | | | - Vinodh Nallasamy
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anish John
- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
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