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Steeghs N, Gomez-Roca C, Rohrberg KS, Mau-Sørensen M, Robbrecht D, Tabernero J, Ahmed S, Rodríguez-Ruiz ME, Ardeshir C, Schmid D, Sleiman N, Watson C, Piper-Lepoutre H, Dejardin D, Evers S, Boetsch C, Charo J, Teichgräber V, Melero I. Safety, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Antitumor Activity from a Phase I Study of Simlukafusp Alfa (FAP-IL2v) in Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:2693-2701. [PMID: 38630781 PMCID: PMC11215403 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-3567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Simlukafusp alfa [fibroblast activation protein α-targeted IL2 variant (FAP-IL2v)], a tumor-targeted immunocytokine, comprising an IL2 variant moiety with abolished CD25 binding fused to human IgG1, is directed against fibroblast activation protein α. This phase I, open-label, multicenter, dose-escalation, and extension study (NCT02627274) evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and antitumor activity of FAP-IL2v in patients with advanced/metastatic solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Participants received FAP-IL2v intravenously once weekly. Dose escalation started at 5 mg; flat dosing (≤25 mg) and intraparticipant uptitration regimens (15/20, 20/25, 20/20/35, and 20/35/35 mg) were evaluated. Primary objectives were dose-limiting toxicities, maximum tolerated dose, recommended expansion dose, and pharmacokinetics. RESULTS Sixty-one participants were enrolled. Dose-limiting toxicities included fatigue (flat dose 20 mg: n = 1), asthenia (25 mg: n = 1), drug-induced liver injury (uptitration regimen 20/25 mg: n = 1), transaminase increase (20/25 mg: n = 1), and pneumonia (20/35/35 mg: n = 1). The uptitration regimen 15/20 mg was determined as the maximum tolerated dose and was selected as the recommended expansion dose. Increases in peripheral blood absolute immune cell counts were seen for all tested doses [NK cells, 13-fold; CD4+ T cells (including regulatory T cells), 2-fold; CD8+ T cells, 3.5-fold] but without any percentage change in regulatory T cells. Clinical activity was observed from 5 mg [objective response rate, 5.1% (n = 3); disease control rate, 27.1% (n = 16)]. Responses were durable [n = 3, 2.8 (censored), 6.3, and 43.4 months]. CONCLUSIONS FAP-IL2v had a manageable safety profile and showed initial signs of antitumor activity in advanced/metastatic solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Josep Tabernero
- Vall d’Hebron Hospital Campus and Institute of Oncology (VHIO), CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Samreen Ahmed
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | - Daniela Schmid
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Early Clinical Development Oncology, Roche Innovation Center, Munich, Germany.
| | - Nassim Sleiman
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Carl Watson
- A4P Consulting Ltd., Sandwich, United Kingdom.
| | | | - David Dejardin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Stefan Evers
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Early Clinical Development Oncology, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | - Jehad Charo
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Early Clinical Development Oncology, Roche Innovation Center Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.
| | - Volker Teichgräber
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer, Toulouse, France.
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Clinica Universidad de Navarra, CIBERONC, Pamplona, Spain.
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2
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Karlsen EA, Walpole E, Simpson F. Steroid Premedication and Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: Should We Reconsider? Curr Treat Options Oncol 2024; 25:275-283. [PMID: 38270799 PMCID: PMC10894762 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-023-01170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy is now considered a main component of cancer therapy in Australia. Although traditionally thought of as pure signalling inhibitors, a large proponent of these medications function through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Currently, most protocols and institutional guidelines for ADCC-mediated mAbs promote the use of corticosteroids as premedication: this is implemented to reduce infusion-related reactions (IRRs) and antiemesis prophylaxis and combat concurrently administered chemotherapy-related syndromes. Concerningly, the inhibitory effects of ADCC by corticosteroids are well documented; henceforth, it is possible the current standard of care is misaligned to the literature surrounding ADCC. Subsequently, clinicians' decisions to act in contrast to this literature may be reducing the efficacy of mAbs. The literature suggests that the redundant use of corticosteroids should be cautioned against when used in conjunction with ADCC-mediated mAbs-this is due to the consequent reduction in anti-tumour activity. Owing to the fact IRRs typically occur upon initial infusion, the authors advocate for individual clinicians and institutional protocols to considering augmenting their practice to corticosteroid premedication at the first dose only, unless clinically indicated. Additionally, product information (PI) and consumer medicine information (CMI) documents distributed by Australian and international regulatory agencies should consider disclosing the risk of concurrent steroids with these medications. Moreover, the authors suggest considering alternative medications for the management of side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma-Anne Karlsen
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- Department of General Surgery, Mater Hospital Brisbane, Brisbane, Australia.
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- Simpson Laboratory - Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.
| | - Euan Walpole
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Division of Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fiona Simpson
- Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Simpson Laboratory - Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
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Sung Y, Hong ST, Jang M, Kim ES, Kim C, Jung Y, Youn I, Chan Kwon I, Cho SW, Ryu JH. Predicting response to anti-EGFR antibody, cetuximab, therapy by monitoring receptor internalization and degradation. Biomaterials 2023; 303:122382. [PMID: 37977005 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody, cetuximab, therapy has significantly improved the clinical outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer, but the response to cetuximab can vary widely among individuals. We thus need strategies for predicting the response to this therapy. However, the current methods are unsatisfactory in their predictive power. Cetuximab can promote the internalization and degradation of EGFR, and its therapeutic efficacy is significantly correlated with the degree of EGFR degradation. Here, we present a new approach to predict the response to anti-EGFR therapy, cetuximab by evaluating the degree of EGFR internalization and degradation of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Our newly developed fluorogenic cetuximab-conjugated probe (Cetux-probe) was confirmed to undergo EGFR binding, internalization, and lysosomal degradation to yield fluorescence activation; it thus shares the action mechanism by which cetuximab exerts its anti-tumor effects. Cetux-probe-activated fluorescence could be used to gauge EGFR degradation and showed a strong linear correlation with the cytotoxicity of cetuximab in colorectal cancer cells and tumor-bearing mice. The predictive ability of Cetux-probe-activated fluorescence was much higher than those of EGFR expression or KRAS mutation status. The Cetux-probes may become useful tools for predicting the response to cetuximab therapy by assessing EGFR degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Sung
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Graduate Program in Bioindustrial Engineering, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Taek Hong
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Biohealthcare, Department of Echo-Applied Chemistry, Daejin University, 1007 Hoguk-ro, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 11159, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihue Jang
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sun Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 20841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chansoo Kim
- AI/R Lab., Computational Science Centre & ASSIST, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmee Jung
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Inchan Youn
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Ick Chan Kwon
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Cho
- Graduate Program in Bioindustrial Engineering, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea; Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ju Hee Ryu
- Biomedical Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
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Kim DM, Lee SY, Lim JC, Cho EH, Park UJ. RUNX3 regulates the susceptibility against EGFR-targeted non-small cell lung cancer therapy using 47Sc-conjugated cetuximab. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:652. [PMID: 37438719 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radioimmunotherapy with cetuximab and conjugates with various radioisotopes is a feasible treatment option for different tumor models. Scandium-47 (47Sc), one of several β--particle-emitting radioisotopes, displays favorable physical and chemical properties for conjugation to monoclonal antibodies. However, the therapeutic efficacy of 47Sc in preclinical and clinical studies is largely unknown. Given that intrinsic alterations in tumors greatly contribute to resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapy, research on overcoming resistance to radioimmunotherapy using cetuximab is required. METHODS 47Sc was produced by irradiation of a CaCO3 target at the HANARO research reactor in KAERI (Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute) and prepared by chromatographic separation of the irradiated target. Cetuximab was conjugated with 47Sc using the bifunctional chelating agent DTPA. Radiochemical purity was determined using instant thin-layer chromatography. The immunoreactivity of 47Sc-DTPA-cetuximab was evaluated using the Lindmo method and an in vitro cell-binding assay. The inhibitory effects of cetuximab and 47Sc-DTPA-cetuximab were confirmed using cell growth inhibition and BrdU cell proliferation assays. Differences in protein expression levels between cetuximab- and 47Sc-DTPA-cetuximab-treated cells were confirmed using western blotting. Complex formation between RUNX3 and DNA repair components was confirmed using immunoprecipitation and western blotting. RESULTS Cetuximab induces cell cycle arrest and cell death in EGFR-overexpressing NSCLC cells. Radiolabeling of cetuximab with 47Sc led to increased therapeutic efficacy relative to cetuximab alone. Application of 47Sc-DTPA-cetuximab induced DNA damage responses, and activation of RUNX3 significantly enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of 47Sc-DTPA-cetuximab. RUNX3 mediated susceptibility to EGFR-targeted NSCLC therapy using 47Sc-DTPA-cetuximab via interaction with components of the DNA damage and repair machinery. CONCLUSIONS 47Sc-DTPA-cetuximab promoted cell death in EGFR-overexpressing NSCLC cells by targeting EGFR and inducing DNA damage as a result of β irradiation emitted from the conjugated 47Sc. Activation of RUNX3 played a key role in DNA damage and repair processes in response to the ionizing radiation and inhibited cell growth, thus leading to more effective tumor suppression. RUNX3 can potentially moderate susceptibility to 47Sc-conjugated cetuximab by modulating DNA damage and repair process mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Mi Kim
- Radioisotope Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea.
| | - So-Young Lee
- Radioisotope Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Cheong Lim
- Radioisotope Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ha Cho
- Radioisotope Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Ul-Jae Park
- Radioisotope Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea
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Zhang W, Luo J, Xiao Z, Zang Y, Li X, Zhou Y, Zhou J, Tian Z, Zhu J, Zhao X. USP36 facilitates esophageal squamous carcinoma progression via stabilizing YAP. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:1021. [PMID: 36470870 PMCID: PMC9722938 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05474-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) is the major subtype of esophageal cancer in China, accounting for 90% of cases. Recent studies revealed that abnormalities in the Hippo/YAP axis are pervasive in ESCC and are recognized as the important driver of ESCC progression. Since the activity of Hippo signaling is controlled by phosphorylation cascade, it is a mystery why the major effector YAP is still over-activated when the cascade is inhibited. Several studies suggested that in addition to phosphorylation, other protein modifications such as ubiquitination also play important roles in manipulating Hippo/YAP signaling activity. Since YAP protein stability is controlled via an appropriate balance between E3 ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases, we performed deubiquitinase siRNA screening and identified USP36 as a deubiquitinase significantly related to Hippo/YAP signaling activity and ESCC progression. USP36 expression was elevated in ESCC samples and correlated with poor differentiation. USP36 expression was correlated with YAP protein levels in ESCC samples. Molecular studies demonstrated that USP36 associated with the YAP protein and enhanced YAP protein stability by blocking the K48-linked polyubiquitination of YAP. In conclusion, our study revealed a novel deubiquitinase in regulating Hippo signaling in ESCC, which could be an encouraging drug target for Hippo-driven ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Zhang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junwen Luo
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaohua Xiao
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Zang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- grid.412990.70000 0004 1808 322XXinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration and Invasion Precision Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yougjia Zhou
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongxian Tian
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Key Laboratory of Thoracic Cancer in Universities of Shandong, Shandong University, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhu
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaogang Zhao
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China ,grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Key Laboratory of Thoracic Cancer in Universities of Shandong, Shandong University, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China
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Adverse Renal Effects of Anticancer Immunotherapy: A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174086. [PMID: 36077623 PMCID: PMC9454552 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The immune system has a natural ability to work against cancer cells; however, in many cases this ability is insufficient, and cancers develop methods enabling them to escape from the supervision of immune cells. Novel therapeutic methods used in neoplastic diseases are based on encouraging immune cells to fight against cancer. In some cases, boosted by this approach, the immune system may damage not only tumor cells, but also other cells, tissues and organs in the human body. Kidney involvement, for example, is directly dangerous for patients’ health and may have an impact on human body homeostasis and the excretion of xenobiotics. However, renal function impairment in patients treated with immunotherapy is thought to be relatively rare but may be severe. Knowledge of early diagnosis and proper management are essential for physicians utilizing immunotherapy in daily clinical practice. Abstract Modern oncological therapy utilizes various types of immunotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) therapy, cancer vaccines, tumor-targeting monoclonal antibodies (TT-mAbs), bispecific antibodies and cytokine therapy improve patients’ outcomes. However, stimulation of the immune system, beneficial in terms of fighting against cancer, generates the risk of harm to other cells in a patient’s body. Kidney damage belongs to the relatively rare adverse events (AEs). Best described, but still, superficially, are renal AEs in patients treated with ICIs. International guidelines issued by the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) cover the management of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) during ICI therapy. There are fewer data concerning real occurrence and possible presentations of renal adverse drug reactions of other immunotherapeutic methods. This implies the need for the collection of safety data during ongoing clinical trials and in the real-life world to characterize the hazard related to the use of new immunotherapies and management of irAEs.
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He S, Zhao C, Tao H, Sheng W, Gao R, Liu X, Zhen Y. A recombinant scFv antibody-based fusion protein that targets EGFR associated with IMPDH2 downregulation and its drug conjugate show therapeutic efficacy against esophageal cancer. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:1243-1256. [PMID: 35416106 PMCID: PMC9048960 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2063454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeting recombinant fusion protein Fv-LDP-D3 and its antibody-drug conjugate Fv-LDP-D3-AE against esophageal cancer. Fv-LDP-D3, consisting of the fragment variable (Fv) of an anti-EGFR antibody, the apoprotein of lidamycin (LDP), and the third domain of human serum albumin (D3), exhibited a high binding affinity for EGFR-overexpressing esophageal cancer cells, inhibited EGFR phosphorylation and down-regulated inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase type II (IMPDH2) expression. Fv-LDP-D3 was taken up by cancer cells through intensive macropinocytosis; it inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of esophageal cancer cells. In vivo imaging revealed that Fv-LDP-D3 displayed specific tumor-site accumulation and a long-lasting retention over a 26-day period. Furthermore, Fv-LDP-D3-AE, a pertinent antibody-drug conjugate prepared by integrating the enediyne chromophore of lidamycin into the Fv-LDP-D3 molecule, displayed highly potent cytotoxicity, inhibited migration and invasion, induced apoptosis and DNA damage, arrested cells at G2/M phase, and caused mitochondrial damage in esophageal cancer cells. More importantly, both of Fv-LDP-D3 and Fv-LDP-D3-AE markedly inhibited the growth of esophageal cancer xenografts in athymic mice at well tolerated doses. The present results indicate that Fv-LDP-D3, and Fv-LDP-D3-AE exert prominent antitumor efficacy associated with targeting EGFR, suggesting their potential as promising candidates for targeted therapy against esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming He
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Tao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weijin Sheng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruijuan Gao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiujun Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yongsu Zhen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Ko MW, Kaur K, Safaei T, Chen W, Sutanto C, Wong P, Jewett A. Defective Patient NK Function Is Reversed by AJ2 Probiotic Bacteria or Addition of Allogeneic Healthy Monocytes. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040697. [PMID: 35203349 PMCID: PMC8870139 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we present the role of autologous and allogeneic monocytes from healthy individuals and those of the cancer patients, with a number of distinct cancers, in activating the function of natural killer (NK) cells, in particular, in induction of IFN-γ secretion by the NK cells and the functional capability of secreted IFN-γ in driving differentiation of the tumor cells. In addition, we compared the roles of CD16 signaling as well as sonicated probiotic bacteria AJ2 (sAJ2)-mediated induction and function of IFN-γ-mediated differentiation in tumor cells. We found that monocytes from cancer patients had lower capability to induce functional IFN-γ secretion by the autologous CD16 mAb-treated NK cells in comparison to those from healthy individuals. In addition, when patient monocytes were cultured with NK cells from healthy individuals, they had lower capability to induce functional IFN-γ secretion by the NK cells when compared to those from autologous monocyte/NK cultures from healthy individuals. Activation by sAJ2 or addition of monocytes from healthy individuals to patient NK cells increased the secretion of functional IFN-γ by the NK cells and elevated its functional capability to differentiate tumors. Monocytes from cancer patients were found to express lower CD16 receptors, providing a potential mechanism for their lack of ability to trigger secretion of functional IFN-γ. In addition to in vitro studies, we also conducted in vivo studies in which cancer patients were given oral supplementation of AJ2 and the function of NK cells were studied. Oral ingestion of AJ2 improved the secretion of IFN-γ by patient derived NK cells and resulted in the better functioning of NK cells in cancer patients. Thus, our studies indicate that for successful NK cell immunotherapy, not only the defect in NK cells but also those in monocytes should be corrected. In this regard, AJ2 probiotic bacteria may serve to provide a potential adjunct treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Wei Ko
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Kawaljit Kaur
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Tahmineh Safaei
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Wuyang Chen
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Christine Sutanto
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Paul Wong
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
| | - Anahid Jewett
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; (M.-W.K.); (K.K.); (T.S.); (W.C.); (C.S.); (P.W.)
- The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA School of Dentistry and Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-310-206-3970; Fax: +1-301-794-7109
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Bradley ST, Lee YS, Gurel Z, Kimple RJ. Autophagy awakens-the myriad roles of autophagy in head and neck cancer development and therapeutic response. Mol Carcinog 2022; 61:243-253. [PMID: 34780672 PMCID: PMC8799495 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cell survival mechanism that degrades damaged proteins and organelles to generate cellular energy during times of stress. Recycling of these cellular components occurs in a series of sequential steps with multiple regulatory points. Mechanistic dysfunction can lead to a variety of human diseases and cancers due to the complexity of autophagy and its ability to regulate vital cellular functions. The role that autophagy plays in both the development and treatment of cancer is highly complex, especially given the fact that most cancer therapies modulate autophagy. This review aims to discuss the balance of autophagy in the development, progression, and treatment of head and neck cancer, as well as highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of what is still unknown about autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha T Bradley
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Yong-Syu Lee
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Zafer Gurel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Randall J Kimple
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- UW Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Lv X, Xu G. Regulatory role of the transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway in the drug resistance of gastrointestinal cancers. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 13:1648-1667. [PMID: 34853641 PMCID: PMC8603464 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i11.1648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, including esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancer, is one of the most prevalent types of malignant carcinoma and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Despite significant advances in therapeutic strategies for GI cancers in recent decades, drug resistance with various mechanisms remains the prevailing cause of therapy failure in GI cancers. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway has crucial, complex roles in many cellular functions related to drug resistance. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the role of the TGF-β signaling pathway in the resistance of GI cancers to conventional chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and traditional medicine. Various processes, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cell development, tumor microenvironment alteration, and microRNA biogenesis, are proposed as the main mechanisms of TGF-β-mediated drug resistance in GI cancers. Several studies have already indicated the benefit of combining antitumor drugs with agents that suppress the TGF-β signaling pathway, but this approach needs to be verified in additional clinical studies. Moreover, the identification of potential biological markers that can be used to predict the response to TGF-β signaling pathway inhibitors during anticancer treatments will have important clinical implications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqun Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Guoxiong Xu
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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11
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He S, Xu J, Liu X, Zhen Y. Advances and challenges in the treatment of esophageal cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3379-3392. [PMID: 34900524 PMCID: PMC8642427 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common cancers with high morbidity and mortality rates. EC includes two histological subtypes, namely esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). ESCC primarily occurs in East Asia, whereas EAC occurs in Western countries. The currently available treatment strategies for EC include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, molecular targeted therapy, and combinations thereof. However, the prognosis remains poor, and the overall five-year survival rate is very low. Therefore, achieving the goal of effective treatment remains challenging. In this review, we discuss the latest developments in chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy for EC, and comprehensively analyze the application prospects and existing problems of immunotherapy. Collectively, this review aims to provide a better understanding of the currently available drugs through in-depth analysis, promote the development of new therapeutic agents, and eventually improve the treatment outcomes of patients with EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming He
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiujun Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yongsu Zhen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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12
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Vacchelli E, Aranda F, Eggermont A, Galon J, Sautès-Fridman C, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial Watch: Tumor-targeting monoclonal antibodies in cancer therapy. Oncoimmunology 2021; 3:e27048. [PMID: 24605265 PMCID: PMC3937194 DOI: 10.4161/onci.27048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In 1997, for the first time in history, a monoclonal antibody (mAb), i.e., the chimeric anti-CD20 molecule rituximab, was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in cancer patients. Since then, the panel of mAbs that are approved by international regulatory agencies for the treatment of hematopoietic and solid malignancies has not stopped to expand, nowadays encompassing a stunning amount of 15 distinct molecules. This therapeutic armamentarium includes mAbs that target tumor-associated antigens, as well as molecules that interfere with tumor-stroma interactions or exert direct immunostimulatory effects. These three classes of mAbs exert antineoplastic activity via distinct mechanisms, which may or may not involve immune effectors other than the mAbs themselves. In previous issues of OncoImmunology, we provided a brief scientific background to the use of mAbs, all types confounded, in cancer therapy, and discussed the results of recent clinical trials investigating the safety and efficacy of this approach. Here, we focus on mAbs that primarily target malignant cells or their interactions with stromal components, as opposed to mAbs that mediate antineoplastic effects by activating the immune system. In particular, we discuss relevant clinical findings that have been published during the last 13 months as well as clinical trials that have been launched in the same period to investigate the therapeutic profile of hitherto investigational tumor-targeting mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Vacchelli
- Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France ; INSERM, U848; Villejuif, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France ; Université Paris-Sud/Paris XI; Paris, France
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France ; INSERM, U848; Villejuif, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
| | | | - Jérôme Galon
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI; Paris, France ; INSERM, U872; Paris, France ; Equipe 15, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI; Paris, France ; INSERM, U872; Paris, France ; Equipe 13, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France ; INSERM, U1015; CICBT507; Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Pôle de Biologie; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; AP-HP; Paris, France ; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms; Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France ; INSERM, U848; Villejuif, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France ; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
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ADCC against MICA/B Is Mediated against Differentiated Oral and Pancreatic and Not Stem-Like/Poorly Differentiated Tumors by the NK Cells; Loss in Cancer Patients due to Down-Modulation of CD16 Receptor. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020239. [PMID: 33440654 PMCID: PMC7826810 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor cells are known to upregulate major histocompatibility complex-class I chain related proteins A and B (MICA/B) expression under stress conditions or due to radiation exposure. However, it is not clear whether there are specific stages of cellular maturation in which these ligands are upregulated or whether the natural killer (NK) cells differentially target these tumors in direct cytotoxicity or antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC). We used freshly isolated primary and osteoclast (OCs)-expanded NK cells to determine the degree of direct cytotoxicity or of ADCC using anti-MICA/B monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against oral stem-like/poorly-differentiated oral squamous cancer stem cells (OSCSCs) and Mia PaCa-2 (MP2) pancreatic tumors as well as their well-differentiated counterparts: namely, oral squamous carcinoma cells (OSCCs) and pancreatic PL12 tumors. By using phenotypic and functional analysis, we demonstrated that OSCSCs and MP2 tumors were primary targets of direct cytotoxicity by freshly isolated NK cells and not by ADCC mediated by anti-MICA/B mAbs, which was likely due to the lower surface expression of MICA/B. However, the inverse was seen when their MICA/B-expressing differentiated counterparts, OSCCs and PL12 tumors, were used in direct cytotoxicity and ADCC, in which there was lower direct cytotoxicity but higher ADCC mediated by the NK cells. Differentiation of the OSCSCs and MP2 tumors by NK cell-supernatants abolished the direct killing of these tumors by the NK cells while enhancing NK cell-mediated ADCC due to the increased expression of MICA/B on the surface of these tumors. We further report that both direct killing and ADCC against MICA/B expressing tumors were significantly diminished by cancer patients' NK cells. Surprisingly, OC-expanded NK cells, unlike primary interleukin-2 (IL-2) activated NK cells, were found to kill OSCCs and PL12 tumors, and under these conditions, we did not observe significant ADCC using anti-MICA/B mAbs, even though the tumors expressed a higher surface expression of MICA/B. In addition, differentiated tumor cells also expressed higher levels of surface epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and programmed death-ligand 1(PDL1) and were more susceptible to NK cell-mediated ADCC in the presence of anti-EGFR and anti-PDL1 mAbs compared to their stem-like/poorly differentiated counterparts. Overall, these results suggested the possibility of CD16 receptors mediating both direct cytotoxicity and ADCC, resulting in the competitive use of these receptors in either direct killing or ADCC, depending on the differentiation status of tumor cells and the stage of maturation and activation of NK cells.
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Hwang K, Yoon JH, Lee JH, Lee S. Recent Advances in Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for Colorectal Cancers. Biomedicines 2021; 9:39. [PMID: 33466394 PMCID: PMC7824816 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Recent advances in recombinant DNA technology have led to the development of numerous therapeutic antibodies as major sources of blockbuster drugs for CRC therapy. Simultaneously, increasing numbers of therapeutic targets in CRC have been identified. In this review, we first highlight the physiological and pathophysiological roles and signaling mechanisms of currently known and emerging therapeutic targets, including growth factors and their receptors as well as immune checkpoint proteins, in CRC. Additionally, we discuss the current status of monoclonal antibodies in clinical development and approved by US Food and Drug Administration for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sukmook Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Chemistry Major, School of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea; (K.H.); (J.H.Y.); (J.H.L.)
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15
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Wang Y, He F, Zhang H, Cao Y, Zhang Y, Ling Y, Rehati A. Preparation and identification of an anti-idiotypic antibody antagonist (FG8) for EGFR that shows potential activity against liver cancer cells. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 43:369-382. [PMID: 33141321 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-03017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Currently, there are two categories of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antagonists, small molecule antagonists and anti-EGFR antibodies. In the current study, we developed a new EGFR antagonist employing the anti-idiotypic antibodies strategy. RESULTS First, using EGF as an antigen, through a series of immunological protocols and hybridoma technology, we obtained an anti-idiotypic antibody against EGF receptor-binding epitopes. On this basis, we screened and characterized the anti-idiotype antibodies against EGFR through competitive ELISA, co-localization analysis, competitive receptor binding analysis, and immunofluorescence. Finally, an internal image anti-idiotype antibody called FG8 was successfully prepared. Experiment result shows that FG8 inhibits EGFR-mediated signaling pathways in vitro. Additionally, FG8 inhibits liver tumor cell proliferation as well as induces tumor cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that FG8 is a potential therapeutic agent for liver cancer. In addition, this study provides a novel method for the preparation of EGFR antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Wang
- Digestive Systerm Deparment, The Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Central Hospital of Huludao City, Huludao, 125000, Liaoning, China
| | - Fangping He
- Department of Gastroenternology II, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions, Ürümqi, 830011, China
| | - Helin Zhang
- Digestive Systerm Deparment, The Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Central Hospital of Huludao City, Huludao, 125000, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Cao
- Digestive Systerm Deparment, The Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Central Hospital of Huludao City, Huludao, 125000, Liaoning, China
| | - Yaqing Zhang
- Digestive Systerm Deparment, The Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Central Hospital of Huludao City, Huludao, 125000, Liaoning, China
| | - Yun Ling
- Digestive Systerm Deparment, The Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Central Hospital of Huludao City, Huludao, 125000, Liaoning, China
| | - Aliya Rehati
- Department of Gastroenternology II, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions, Ürümqi, 830011, China.
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16
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Mechanisms of Resistance to NK Cell Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040893. [PMID: 32272610 PMCID: PMC7226138 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has recently been a major breakthrough in cancer treatment. Natural killer (NK) cells are suitable targets for immunotherapy owing to their potent cytotoxic activity that may target cancer cells in a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and antigen-unrestricted manner. Current therapies targeting NK cells include monoclonal antibodies that promote NK cell antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), the adoptive transfer of NK cells, the redirection of NK cells using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-NK cells and the use of cytokines and immunostimulatory drugs to boost the anti-tumor activity of NK cells. Despite some encouraging clinical results, patients receiving these therapies frequently develop resistance, and a myriad of mechanisms of resistance affecting both the immune system and cancer cells have been reported. A first contributing factor that modulates the efficacy of the NK cell therapy is the genetic profile of the individual, which regulates all aspects of NK cell biology. Additionally, the resistance of cancer cells to apoptosis and the immunoediting of cancer cells, a process that decreases their immunogenicity and promotes immunosuppression, are major determinants of the resistance to NK cell therapy. Consequently, the efficacy of NK cell anti-tumor therapy is specific to each patient and disease. The elucidation of such immunosubversive mechanisms is crucial to developing new procedures and therapeutic strategies to fully harness the anti-tumor potential of NK cells.
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17
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The emergence of long-term survivors in recurrent and metastatic squamous cell head and neck cancer. Curr Opin Oncol 2020; 31:160-168. [PMID: 30844888 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The systemic therapies available in recurrent and metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma to date are palliative-intent treatments in most cases. However, a small subgroup of patients derives unconventional benefit and become long-term survivors, achieving cure in some cases. This review focusses on this group of patients, discusses recent literature and suggests plausible molecular hypothesis. RECENT FINDINGS Human papillomavirus-related disease is known to confer a better prognosis in metastatic patients, probably because of its greater sensitivity to systemic therapies. This group of patients seems to have a greater immune activation, which could partly explain this fact. Moreover, the use of antiepidermal growth factor receptor therapies in the metastatic setting has doubled the prevalence of long-term survivors. One of the most plausible explanations is the immune-modulatory effect of cetuximab mediated by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.These facts, along with the recent encouraging results of checkpoint inhibitors in this disease, give hope that these therapies will not only improve survival but also increase the prevalence of long-term survivors. SUMMARY Long-term survivors merit our utmost attention as an in-depth study of these patients could help us to better understand the tumour biology and allow us to develop robust biomarkers and effective targeted therapies, which could in turn lead to a true paradigm shift.
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Chew HY, De Lima PO, Gonzalez Cruz JL, Banushi B, Echejoh G, Hu L, Joseph SR, Lum B, Rae J, O’Donnell JS, Merida de Long L, Okano S, King B, Barry R, Moi D, Mazzieri R, Thomas R, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F, Foote M, McCluskey A, Robinson PJ, Frazer IH, Saunders NA, Parton RG, Dolcetti R, Cuff K, Martin JH, Panizza B, Walpole E, Wells JW, Simpson F. Endocytosis Inhibition in Humans to Improve Responses to ADCC-Mediating Antibodies. Cell 2020; 180:895-914.e27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yu Y, Guan H, Jiang L, Li X, Xing L, Sun X. Nimotuzumab, an EGFR‑targeted antibody, promotes radiosensitivity of recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2020; 56:945-956. [PMID: 32319582 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.4981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Local tumor recurrence is one of the main causes for the failure of esophageal cancer treatment following radiotherapy. Previous studies have demonstrated that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‑targeted therapy combined with radiotherapy is expected to become an effective means to control tumor recurrence. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of nimotuzumab (an EGFR‑targeted antibody) in the treatment of recurrent esophageal carcinoma. The radiation responses of two esophageal squamous carcinoma cell lines, EC109 and TE‑1, with or without nimotuzumab, were first evaluated by CCK‑8 assay. Colony formation and apoptosis were used to measure anti‑proliferation effects. It was demonstrated that nimotuzumab arrested the cell cycle at the G2 phase in vitro. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis were used to determine signaling pathway changes. It was observed that nimotuzumab inhibited phosphorylation of EGFR in EC109 cells. Furthermore, recurrent tumor models were established and it was identified that the degree of tumor hypoxia was positively associated with EGFR overexpression. In EC109 cell xenografts, nimotuzumab combined with radiation led to a significant delay in recurrent tumor growth compared with that of radiation alone (P<0.001 for 0 Gy pre‑irradiation, P=0.005 for 20 Gy pre‑irradiation, P=0.005 for 10 Gy pre‑irradiation). These results suggest that nimotuzumab combined with radiation may be an effective means to control recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with EGFR overexpression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Hui Guan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Liyang Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Ligang Xing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorong Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250117, P.R. China
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20
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Effects of microtubule-inhibiting small molecule and antibody-drug conjugate treatment on differentially-sized A431 squamous carcinoma spheroids. Sci Rep 2020; 10:907. [PMID: 31969631 PMCID: PMC6976639 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57789-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multicellular tumor spheroids have been increasingly used by researchers to produce more physiologically relevant experimental environments. However, tracking of spheroid growth and treatment-induced volume reduction has not been readily adopted. Here, squamous carcinoma cells were seeded at different starting cell numbers with growth and reduction kinetics monitored using live cell imaging. Following the initial growth phase, spheroids were treated with auristatin as small molecule (MMAE) or as antibody-drug conjugate containing non-cleavable auristatin drug payload (033-F). Compared to cells in monolayers, 033-F had notably weaker potency against spheroids despite potency levels of MMAE being similar against monolayers and spheroids. Accumulation of released payload from 033-F was reduced in higher volume spheroids, likely contributing to the potency differences. Despite lowered potency towards spheroids with 033-F, spheroid volume was still readily reduced by 033-F in a dose-dependent fashion, with >85% volume reductions at the highest concentrations for all spheroid sizes. Additionally, the core of the larger spheroids showed more resiliency towards microtubule inhibition. Overall, this work highlights how various in-vivo 'features' such as tumor penetration, cell interactions, and increased resistance to therapeutics can be integrated into a spheroid model and tracked over time by automated imaging technology.
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21
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Espinosa-Cotton M, Fertig EJ, Stabile LP, Gaither-Davis A, Bauman JE, Schmitz S, Gibson-Corley KN, Cheng Y, Jensen IJ, Badovinac VP, Laux D, Simons AL. A preliminary analysis of interleukin-1 ligands as potential predictive biomarkers of response to cetuximab. Biomark Res 2019; 7:14. [PMID: 31346466 PMCID: PMC6636109 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-019-0164-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal IgG1 antibody cetuximab is approved for first-line treatment of recurrent and metastatic (R/M) HNSCC as a part of the standard of care EXTREME regimen (platinum/5-fluorouracil/cetuximab). This regimen has relatively high response and disease control rates but is generally not curative and many patients will experience recurrent disease and/or metastasis. Therefore, there is a great need to identify predictive biomarkers for recurrence and disease progression in cetuximab-treated HNSCC patients to facilitate patient management and allow for treatment modification. The goal of this work is to assess the potential of activating interleukin-1 (IL-1) ligands (IL-1 alpha [IL-1α], IL-1 beta [IL-1β]) as predictive biomarkers of survival outcomes in HNSCC patients treated with cetuximab-based chemotherapy. METHODS Baseline gene, serum and tumor expression of interleukin-1 (IL-1) ligands were analyzed from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database or clinical trials of cetuximab-based therapies and interrogated for associations with clinical outcome data. RESULTS High tumor gene expression of IL-1β was associated with a more favorable overall survival in cetuximab-treated HNSCC patients but not in non-cetuximab-treated patients. In HNSCC patients treated with cetuximab-based chemotherapy, higher gene and circulating levels of IL-1α and IL-1β were correlated with a more favorable progression free survival compared to patients with low or undetectable levels of IL-1 ligands. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that IL-1 ligands may function as predictive biomarkers for tumor response to cetuximab-based chemotherapy in HNSCC patients and warrants further investigation and validation in larger clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelyn Espinosa-Cotton
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
- Department of Pathology, 1161 Medical Laboratories, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Elana J. Fertig
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Laura P. Stabile
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Autumn Gaither-Davis
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Julie E. Bauman
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ USA
| | - Sandra Schmitz
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Katherine N. Gibson-Corley
- Department of Pathology, 1161 Medical Laboratories, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Yinwen Cheng
- Department of Pathology, 1161 Medical Laboratories, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Isaac J. Jensen
- Department of Pathology, 1161 Medical Laboratories, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
- Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Vladimir P. Badovinac
- Department of Pathology, 1161 Medical Laboratories, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA USA
- Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Douglas Laux
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA USA
- Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA USA
| | - Andrean L. Simons
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
- Department of Pathology, 1161 Medical Laboratories, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
- Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA
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22
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Preferential Response of Basal-Like Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines to EGFR-Targeted Therapy Depending on EREG-Driven Oncogenic Addiction. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060795. [PMID: 31181806 PMCID: PMC6627901 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), achieves only moderate response rates, and clinical trials that evaluated EGFR-blockade with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) yielded disappointing results. Inter-tumor heterogeneity may hinder the therapeutic efficiency of anti-EGFR treatments. HNSCC heterogeneity was addressed in several studies, which all converged towards the definition of molecular subgroups. They include the basal subgroup, defined by the deregulated expression of factors involved in the EGFR signaling pathway, including the epiregulin EGFR ligand encoded by the EREG gene. These observations indicate that basal tumors could be more sensitive to anti-EGFR treatments. To test this hypothesis, we performed a screen of a representative collection of basal versus non-basal HNSCC cell lines for their sensitivity to several anti-EGFR drugs (Cetuximab, Afatinib, and Gefitinib), tested as monotherapy or in combination with drugs that target closely-linked pathways [Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal–regulated kinases (MEK), mammalian Target of Rapamycine (mTOR) or Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2 (HER2)]. Basal-like cell lines were found to be more sensitive to EGFR blockade alone or in combination with treatments that target MEK, mTOR, or HER2. Strikingly, the basal-like status was found to be a better predictor of cell response to EGFR blockade than clinically relevant mutations [e.g., cyclin-dependent kinase Inhibitor 2A (CDKN2A)]. Interestingly, we show that EGFR blockade inhibits EREG expression, and that EREG knock-down decreases basal cell clonogenic survival, suggesting that EREG expression could be a predictive functional marker of sensitivity to EGFR blockade in basal-like HNSCC.
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Espinosa-Cotton M, Rodman Iii SN, Ross KA, Jensen IJ, Sangodeyi-Miller K, McLaren AJ, Dahl RA, Gibson-Corley KN, Koch AT, Fu YX, Badovinac VP, Laux D, Narasimhan B, Simons AL. Interleukin-1 alpha increases anti-tumor efficacy of cetuximab in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Immunother Cancer 2019; 7:79. [PMID: 30890189 PMCID: PMC6425573 DOI: 10.1186/s40425-019-0550-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the high prevalence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), incorporation of the EGFR inhibitor cetuximab into the clinical management of HNSCC has not led to significant changes in long-term survival outcomes. Therefore, the identification of novel therapeutic approaches to enhance the clinical efficacy of cetuximab could lead to improved long-term survival for HNSCC patients. Our previous work suggests that EGFR inhibition activates the interleukin-1 (IL-1) pathway via tumor release of IL-1 alpha (IL-1α), although the clinical implications of activating this pathway are unclear in the context of cetuximab therapy. Given the role of IL-1 signaling in anti-tumor immune response, we hypothesized that increases in IL-1α levels would enhance tumor response to cetuximab. METHODS Parental and stable myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) and IL-1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1) knockdown HNSCC cell lines, an IL-1R antagonist (IL-1RA), neutralizing antibodies to IL-1α and IL-1β, and recombinant IL-1α and IL-1β were used to determine cytokine production (using ELISA) in response to cetuximab in vitro. IL-1 pathway modulation in mouse models was accomplished by administration of IL-1RA, stable overexpression of IL-1α in SQ20B cells, administration of rIL-1α, and administration of a polyanhydride nanoparticle formulation of IL-1α. CD4+ and CD8+ T cell-depleting antibodies were used to understand the contribution of T cell-dependent anti-tumor immune responses. Baseline serum levels of IL-1α were measured using ELISA from HNSCC patients treated with cetuximab-based therapy and analyzed for association with progression free survival (PFS). RESULTS Cetuximab induced pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion from HNSCC cells in vitro which was mediated by an IL-1α/IL-1R1/MyD88-dependent signaling pathway. IL-1 signaling blockade did not affect the anti-tumor efficacy of cetuximab, while increased IL-1α expression using polyanhydride nanoparticles in combination with cetuximab safely and effectively induced a T cell-dependent anti-tumor immune response. Detectable baseline serum levels of IL-1α were associated with a favorable PFS in cetuximab-based therapy-treated HNSCC patients compared to HNSCC patients with undetectable levels. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results suggest that IL-1α in combination with cetuximab can induce a T cell-dependent anti-tumor immune response and may represent a novel immunotherapeutic strategy for EGFR-positive HNSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelyn Espinosa-Cotton
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Samuel N Rodman Iii
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Kathleen A Ross
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.,Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Isaac J Jensen
- Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, 1161 Medical Laboratories, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | | | | | - Rachel A Dahl
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, 1161 Medical Laboratories, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Katherine N Gibson-Corley
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, 1161 Medical Laboratories, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Adam T Koch
- Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, 1161 Medical Laboratories, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Yang-Xin Fu
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Vladimir P Badovinac
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Interdisciplinary Immunology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, 1161 Medical Laboratories, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Douglas Laux
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine - Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Balaji Narasimhan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.,Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Andrean L Simons
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Nanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of Iowa, 1161 Medical Laboratories, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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Fantini M, David JM, Wong HC, Annunziata CM, Arlen PM, Tsang KY. An IL-15 Superagonist, ALT-803, Enhances Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Elicited by the Monoclonal Antibody NEO-201 Against Human Carcinoma Cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 34:147-159. [PMID: 30601063 PMCID: PMC6482908 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major mechanism of action for therapeutic antibodies is antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). ALT-803 is an interleukin-15 superagonist complex that enhances ADCC against human carcinoma cells in vitro and exerts an antitumor activity in murine, rat, and human carcinomas in vivo. The authors investigated the ability of ALT-803 to modulate ADCC mediated by the humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) NEO-201 against human carcinoma cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS ALT-803 modulating activity on ADCC mediated by NEO-201 was evaluated on several NEO-201 ligand-expressing human carcinoma cells. Purified human natural killer (NK) cells from multiple healthy donors were treated with ALT-803 before their use as effectors in ADCC assay. Modulation of NK cell phenotype and cytotoxic function by exposure to ALT-803 was evaluated by flow cytometry and gene expression analysis. RESULTS ALT-803 significantly enhanced ADCC mediated by NEO-201. ALT-803 also upregulated NK activating receptors, antiapoptotic factors, and factors involved in the NK cytotoxicity, as well as downregulated gene expression of NK inhibiting receptors. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that ALT-803 can enhance ADCC activity mediated by NEO-201, by modulating NK activation and cytotoxicity, suggesting a possible clinical use of ALT-803 in combination with NEO-201 for the treatment of human carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Christina M. Annunziata
- Women's Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Kwong Y. Tsang
- Precision Biologics, Inc., Rockville, Maryland
- Address correspondence to: Kwong Y. Tsang; Precision Biologics, Inc.; 9600 Medical Center Drive, Suite 300, Rockville, MD 20850
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Joseph SR, Gaffney D, Barry R, Hu L, Banushi B, Wells JW, Lambie D, Strutton G, Porceddu SV, Burmeister B, Leggatt GR, Schaider H, Dolcetti R, Frazer IH, Saunders NA, Foote M, Soyer HP, Simpson F. An Ex Vivo Human Tumor Assay Shows Distinct Patterns of EGFR Trafficking in Squamous Cell Carcinoma Correlating to Therapeutic Outcomes. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 139:213-223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.06.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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26
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Yang Y, Tian Z, Ding Y, Li X, Zhang Z, Yang L, Zhao F, Ren F, Guo R. EGFR-Targeted Immunotoxin Exerts Antitumor Effects on Esophageal Cancers by Increasing ROS Accumulation and Inducing Apoptosis via Inhibition of the Nrf2-Keap1 Pathway. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:1090287. [PMID: 30596104 PMCID: PMC6286775 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1090287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we developed a novel EGFR-targeted antibody (denoted as Pan), which has superior antitumor activity against EGFR-overexpressed tumors. However, it shows marginal effect on the growth of esophageal cancers. Therefore, the variable region of Pan was fused to a fragment of Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE38) to create the immunotoxin, denoted as Ptoxin (PT). Results indicated that PT shows more effective antitumor activity as compared with Pan both on EGFR-overexpressed KYSE-450 and KYSE-150 esophageal cancer cells, especially on KYSE-450 cells. Moreover, treatment of PT induces regression of KYSE-450 tumor xenografts in nude mice. Furthermore, we investigated the potential mechanism involved in the enhanced antitumor effects of PT. Data showed that PT was more potent in reducing the phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK1/2. More importantly, we for the first time found that PT was more effective than Pan in inducing ROS accumulation by suppression of the Nrf2-Keap1 antioxidant pathway, and then induced apoptosis in KYSE-450 esophageal cancer cells, which may partly explain the more sensitive response of KYSE-450 to PT treatment. To conclude, our study provides a promising therapeutic approach for immunotoxin-based esophageal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Antibody Medicine and Targeted Therapy, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziyin Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yanke Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ziheng Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Fangyu Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Feng Ren
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Rui Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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Lee TS, Song IH, Shin JI, Park YS, Kim JY, Kim KI, Lee YJ, Kang JH. PET Imaging Biomarkers of Anti-EGFR Immunotherapy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Models. Cells 2018; 7:cells7110187. [PMID: 30373221 PMCID: PMC6262544 DOI: 10.3390/cells7110187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed and considered as a proper molecular target for diagnosis and targeted therapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study evaluated the usefulness of PET imaging biomarkers with 64Cu-PCTA-cetuximab and 18F-FDG-PET for anti-EGFR immunotherapy in ESCC models. In vivo EGFR status and glucose metabolism by cetuximab treatment were evaluated using 64Cu-PCTA-cetuximab and 18F-FDG-PET, respectively. Therapeutic responses with imaging biomarkers were confirmed by western blot and immunohistochemistry. TE-4 and TE-8 tumors were clearly visualized by 64Cu-PCTA-cetuximab, and EGFR expression on TE-8 tumors showed 2.6-fold higher uptake than TE-4. Tumor volumes were markedly reduced by cetuximab in TE-8 tumor (92.5 ± 5.9%), but TE-4 tumors were refractory to cetuximab treatment. The SUVs in 64Cu-PCTA-cetuximab and 18F-FDG-PET images were statistically significantly reduced by cetuximab treatment in TE-8 but not in TE-4. 64Cu-PCTA-cetuximab and 18F-FDG-PET images were well correlated with EGFR and pAkt levels. 64Cu-PCTA-cetuximab immuno-PET had a potential for determining EGFR level and monitoring therapeutic response by anti-EGFR therapy. 18F-FDG-PET was also attractive for monitoring efficacy of anti-EGFR therapy. In conclusion, PET imaging biomarkers may be useful for selecting patients that express target molecules and for monitoring therapeutic efficacy of EGFR-targeted therapy in ESCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Sup Lee
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - In Ho Song
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Jong Il Shin
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Yong Serk Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Korea.
| | - Jung Young Kim
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Kwang Il Kim
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Yong Jin Lee
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Joo Hyun Kang
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), Seoul 01812, Korea.
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28
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Kojima T, Yamazaki K, Kato K, Muro K, Hara H, Chin K, Goddemeier T, Kuffel S, Watanabe M, Doi T. Phase I dose-escalation trial of Sym004, an anti-EGFR antibody mixture, in Japanese patients with advanced solid tumors. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:3253-3262. [PMID: 30099818 PMCID: PMC6172077 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sym004 is a 1:1 mixture of two antibodies targeting non‐overlapping epitopes of the epidermal growth factor receptor that antagonizes ligand binding and induces receptor downregulation. In preclinical models, it has superior antitumor activity to cetuximab and panitumumab. Japanese adults aged ≥20 years with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group status of 0/1 and life expectancy ≥3 months were eligible. Patients in Part A (dose escalation) had refractory or recurrent late‐stage solid tumors and received Sym004 6 mg/kg/wk (n = 3), 9 mg/kg loading/6 mg/kg/wk (n = 6), 12 mg/kg/wk (n = 6), or 18 mg/kg biweekly (n = 6). Patients in expansion Part B (n = 30) had esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and received Sym004 at the dose recommended from Part A. Fifty‐one patients received Sym004. No dose‐limiting toxicities were observed in Part A. A dose of 12 mg/kg/wk was selected for Part B. All patients in Part B experienced treatment‐related adverse events, most commonly dermatitis acneiform (76.7%). Eighteen grade ≥3 treatment‐related adverse events and five serious adverse events occurred (cardiac arrest, lung infection, interstitial lung disease, toxic skin eruption, blood creatinine increase). Two patients had treatment‐related adverse events resulting in death (cardiac arrest and blood creatinine increase). Five patients in Part B had a best overall response of partial response, 12 stable diseases and 12 disease progression (1 not evaluable). The objective response rate was 16.7% (95% CI: 5.6%‐34.7%). Sym004 therapy was well tolerated with no dose‐limiting toxicities at any dose studied. Evidence of antitumor activity was seen in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01955473.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kojima
- National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Ken Kato
- National Cancer Center Hospital, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Muro
- Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hara
- Saitama Cancer Center, Kita Adachi-gun, Saitama, Japan
| | - Keisho Chin
- The Cancer Institute Hospital of JFCR, Ariake, Koto, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Toshihiko Doi
- National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
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Tortora G, Gelardi T, Ciardiello F, Bianco R. The Rationale for the Combination of Selective EGFR Inhibitors with Cytotoxic Drugs and Radiotherapy. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 22:47-52. [DOI: 10.1177/17246008070221s406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is frequently overexpressed in a wide range of human tumors; such overexpression often correlates with poor prognosis and worse clinical outcome. It has been demonstrated that the EGFR autocrine pathway plays a crucial role in human cancer since it contributes to a number of highly relevant processes in tumor development and progression, including cell proliferation, regulation of apoptotic cell death, angiogenesis and metastatic spread. For these reasons EGFR is one of the most studied and exploited targets for molecular cancer therapy. Two classes of anti-EGFR agents have entered clinical practice: monoclonal antibodies and small molecules targeting receptor tyrosine kinases. The possibility of combining conventional cytotoxic drugs with agents that specifically interfere with key pathways controlling cancer cell survival, proliferation, invasion and/or metastatic spread has generated wide interest. This could be a promising therapeutic approach for several reasons. First, the occurrence of cross-resistance is infrequent since the cellular targets and mechanisms of action of cytotoxic drugs and EGFR antagonists are different. Second, alterations in the expression and/or activity of genes that regulate mitogenic signals may either cause perturbation of cell growth or affect the sensitivity of cancer cells to conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In fact, EGFR inhibitors have shown activity alone and/or in combination with conventional antitumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Tortora
- Department of Endocrinology and Molecular and Clinical Oncology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples
| | - T. Gelardi
- Department of Endocrinology and Molecular and Clinical Oncology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples
| | - F. Ciardiello
- Medical/Surgical Department of Clinical and Experimental Internal Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples - Italy
| | - R. Bianco
- Department of Endocrinology and Molecular and Clinical Oncology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples
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30
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Fantini M, David JM, Saric O, Dubeykovskiy A, Cui Y, Mavroukakis SA, Bristol A, Annunziata CM, Tsang KY, Arlen PM. Preclinical Characterization of a Novel Monoclonal Antibody NEO-201 for the Treatment of Human Carcinomas. Front Immunol 2018; 8:1899. [PMID: 29354121 PMCID: PMC5758533 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
NEO-201 is a novel humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that was derived from an immunogenic preparation of tumor-associated antigens from pooled allogeneic colon tumor tissue extracts. It was found to react against a variety of cultured human carcinoma cell lines and was highly reactive against the majority of tumor tissues from many different carcinomas, including colon, pancreatic, stomach, lung, and breast cancers. NEO-201 also exhibited tumor specificity, as the majority of normal tissues were not recognized by this antibody. Functional assays revealed that treatment with NEO-201 is capable of mediating both antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against tumor cells. Furthermore, the growth of human pancreatic xenograft tumors in vivo was largely attenuated by treatment with NEO-201 both alone and in combination with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells as an effector cell source for ADCC. In vivo biodistribution studies in human tumor xenograft-bearing mice revealed that NEO-201 preferentially accumulates in the tumor but not organ tissue. Finally, a single-dose toxicity study in non-human primates demonstrated safety and tolerability of NEO-201, as a transient decrease in circulating neutrophils was the only related adverse effect observed. These findings indicate that NEO-201 warrants clinical testing as both a novel diagnostic and therapeutic agent for the treatment of a broad variety of carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olga Saric
- Precision Biologics, Inc., Rockville, MD, United States
| | | | - Yongzhi Cui
- Precision Biologics, Inc., Rockville, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Christina M Annunziata
- Women's Malignancy Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kwong Y Tsang
- Precision Biologics, Inc., Rockville, MD, United States
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Nakajima T, Okayama H, Ashizawa M, Noda M, Aoto K, Saito M, Monma T, Ohki S, Shibata M, Takenoshita S, Kono K. Augmentation of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity with defucosylated monoclonal antibodies in patients with GI-tract cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:2604-2610. [PMID: 29434980 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Enhancement of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) with some modalities may be a promising approach to enhance the efficacy of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). It has previously been demonstrated that the removal of fucose from antibody oligosaccharides (defucosylation) leads to augmentation of ADCC activity. To establish clinically relevant evidence of this procedure, the present study evaluated trastuzumab- and cetuximab-mediated ADCC by comparing defucosylated mAbs with conventional mAbs using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). PBMCs were isolated from 20 patients with gastrointestinal tract cancer and 10 healthy volunteers. ADCCs were measured using PBMCs as effector cells and two gastric cancer cell lines as target cells. ADCCs were significantly enhanced with defucosylated mAbs compared with conventional mAbs using PBMC from the healthy donors and patients with cancer. The results confirmed that the cetuximab- and trastuzumab-mediated ADCCs in advanced disease were impaired in comparison to those in early disease or healthy individuals. However, when the defucosylated mAbs were used instead of the conventional mAbs, the ADCC activities in the advanced cases were almost comparable with those in early disease or healthy individuals. Furthermore, the expression of ADCC associated molecules were modified toward immunosuppressive status with a mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor in vitro, the conventional cetuximab- and trastuzumab-mediated ADCC was downregulated, and the defucosylated mAbs overcome the downregulation of ADCC. In conclusion, defucosylated therapeutic mAbs may enhance ADCC activities in patients with cancer, which may lead to more effective anti-cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Nakajima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Okayama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Mai Ashizawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Masaru Noda
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Keita Aoto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Motonobu Saito
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Monma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shinji Ohki
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Masahiko Shibata
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Seiichi Takenoshita
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Koji Kono
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
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The influence of FCGR2A and FCGR3A polymorphisms on the survival of patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell head and neck cancer treated with cetuximab. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2017; 18:474-479. [PMID: 28719596 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2017.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
FCGR2A-H131R and FCGR3A-V157F are single-nucleotide polymorphisms known to influence the outcome of patients treated with rituximab, cetuximab and trastuzumab. We investigated the impact of these polymorphisms on the clinical outcome of 103 patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with a platinum compound, fluorouracil and cetuximab as palliative first-line therapy. The survival of patients with FCGR2A-131H/H and/or FCGR3A-157V/V genotypes was significantly longer compared with patients carrying 131R and 157F alleles (median progression-free survival (PFS): 5.5 vs 4.1 months, P=0.02; median overall survival: 10.2 vs 7.2 months, P=0.04). In multivariate analysis, the FCGR2A and 3A genotypes as well as the time between initial diagnosis and relapse of disease not amenable to curative therapy remained the only independent prognostic factors for PFS. The results are in line with previous reports in colorectal cancer patients and confirm the possible value of genetic polymorphisms of immunocompetent cells for the success of cetuximab treatment.
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Mazorra Z, Lavastida A, Concha-Benavente F, Valdés A, Srivastava RM, García-Bates TM, Hechavarría E, González Z, González A, Lugiollo M, Cuevas I, Frómeta C, Mestre BF, Barroso MC, Crombet T, Ferris RL. Nimotuzumab Induces NK Cell Activation, Cytotoxicity, Dendritic Cell Maturation and Expansion of EGFR-Specific T Cells in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:382. [PMID: 28674498 PMCID: PMC5474456 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Survival benefit and long-term duration of clinical response have been seen using the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted monoclonal antibody (mAb) nimotuzumab. Blocking EGFR signaling may not be the only mechanism of action underlying its efficacy. As an IgG1 isotype mAb, nimotuzumab's capacity of killing tumor cells by antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and to induce an immune response in cancer patients have not been studied. ADCC-induced by nimotuzumab was determined using a 51Cr release assay. The in vitro effect of nimotuzumab on natural killer (NK) cell activation and dendritic cell (DC) maturation and the in vivo frequency of circulating regulatory T cells (Tregs) and NK cells were assessed by flow cytometry. Cytokine levels in supernatants were determined by ELISA. ELISpot was carried out to quantify EGFR-specific T cells in nimotuzumab-treated head and neck cancer (HNSCC) patients. Nimotuzumab was able to kill EGFR+ tumor cells by NK cell-mediated ADCC. Nimotuzumab-activated NK cells promoted DC maturation and EGFR-specific CD8+ T cell priming. Interestingly, nimotuzumab led to upregulation of some immune checkpoint molecules on NK cells (TIM-3) and DC (PD-L1), to a lower extent than another EGFR mAb, cetuximab. Furthermore, circulating EGFR-specific T cells were identified in nimotuzumab-treated HNSCC patients. Notably, nimotuzumab combined with cisplatin-based chemotherapy and radiation increased the frequency of peripheral CD4+CD39+FOXP3+Tregs which otherwise were decreased to baseline values when nimotuzumab was used as monotherapy. The frequency of circulating NK cells remained constant during treatment. Nimotuzumab-induced, NK cell-mediated DC priming led to induction of anti-EGFR specific T cells in HNSCC patients. The association between EGFR-specific T cells and patient clinical benefit with nimotuzumab treatment should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaima Mazorra
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Direction, Center of Molecular ImmunologyHavana, Cuba
| | - Anabel Lavastida
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Direction, Center of Molecular ImmunologyHavana, Cuba
| | | | - Anet Valdés
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Direction, Center of Molecular ImmunologyHavana, Cuba
| | | | - Tatiana M García-Bates
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, PittsburghPA, United States
| | - Esperanza Hechavarría
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Direction, Center of Molecular ImmunologyHavana, Cuba
| | - Zuyen González
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Direction, Center of Molecular ImmunologyHavana, Cuba
| | - Amnely González
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Direction, Center of Molecular ImmunologyHavana, Cuba
| | | | - Iván Cuevas
- National Institute of Oncology and RadiobiologyHavana, Cuba
| | - Carlos Frómeta
- National Institute of Oncology and RadiobiologyHavana, Cuba
| | | | - Maria C Barroso
- Clinical Direction, Center of Molecular ImmunologyHavana, Cuba
| | - Tania Crombet
- Clinical Direction, Center of Molecular ImmunologyHavana, Cuba
| | - Robert L Ferris
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, PittsburghPA, United States.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh, PittsburghPA, United States.,Cancer Immunology Program, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, PittsburghPA, United States
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Natural killer cell immunotherapies against cancer: checkpoint inhibitors and more. Semin Immunol 2017; 31:55-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Chai N, Swem LR, Park S, Nakamura G, Chiang N, Estevez A, Fong R, Kamen L, Kho E, Reichelt M, Lin Z, Chiu H, Skippington E, Modrusan Z, Stinson J, Xu M, Lupardus P, Ciferri C, Tan MW. A broadly protective therapeutic antibody against influenza B virus with two mechanisms of action. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14234. [PMID: 28102191 PMCID: PMC5253702 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza B virus (IBV) causes annual influenza epidemics around the world. Here we use an in vivo plasmablast enrichment technique to isolate a human monoclonal antibody, 46B8 that neutralizes all IBVs tested in vitro and protects mice against lethal challenge of all IBVs tested when administered 72 h post infection. 46B8 demonstrates a superior therapeutic benefit over Tamiflu and has an additive antiviral effect in combination with Tamiflu. 46B8 binds to a conserved epitope in the vestigial esterase domain of hemagglutinin (HA) and blocks HA-mediated membrane fusion. After passage of the B/Brisbane/60/2008 virus in the presence of 46B8, we isolated three resistant clones, all harbouring the same mutation (Ser301Phe) in HA that abolishes 46B8 binding to HA at low pH. Interestingly, 46B8 is still able to protect mice against lethal challenge of the mutant viruses, possibly owing to its ability to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Influenza B virus (IBV) co-circulates with influenza A virus to cause annual epidemics. Here, Chai et al. isolate a human monoclonal antibody that binds to a conserved epitope in the viral HA protein, neutralizes IBV strains in vitro, and protects mice against IBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Chai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Lee R Swem
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Summer Park
- Department of Translational Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Gerald Nakamura
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Nancy Chiang
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Alberto Estevez
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Rina Fong
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Lynn Kamen
- Department of BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Elviza Kho
- Department of BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Mike Reichelt
- Department of Pathology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Zhonghua Lin
- Department of Translational Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Henry Chiu
- Department of Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Elizabeth Skippington
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Zora Modrusan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Jeremy Stinson
- Department of Molecular Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Translational Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Patrick Lupardus
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Claudio Ciferri
- Department of Structural Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Man-Wah Tan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
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Expression of the chemokine CXCL14 and cetuximab-dependent tumour suppression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e240. [PMID: 27399917 PMCID: PMC5399171 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), has been successfully used to treat some patients with colorectal cancer and those with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). For the effective treatment, it is essential to first identify cetuximab-responsive patients. The level of EGFR expression and/or the presence of mutations in signalling molecules downstream of the EGFR pathway have been reported to be determining factors for cetuximab responsiveness in colorectal cancer patients; however, limited data have been reported for HNSCC patients. We previously reported that the chemokine CXCL14 exhibits tumour-suppressive effects against xenografted HNSCC cells, which may be classified into two groups, CXCL14-expressing and non-expressing cells under serum-starved culture conditions. Here we employed CXCL14-expressing HSC-3 cells and CXCL14-non-expressing YCU-H891 cells as representatives of the two groups and compared their responses to cetuximab and their CXCL14 expression under various conditions. The growth of xenografted tumours initiated by HSC-3 cells, which expressed CXCL14 in vivo and in vitro, was suppressed by the injection of cetuximab into tumour-bearing mice; however, neither the expression of the chemokine nor the cetuximab-dependent suppression of xenograft tumour growth was observed for YCU-H891 cells. Both types of cells expressed EGFR and neither type harboured mutations in signalling molecules downstream of EGFR that have been reported in cetuximab-resistant colon cancer patients. The inhibition of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signalling increased the levels of CXCL14 messenger RNA (mRNA) in HSC-3 cells, but not in YCU-H891 cells. We also observed that the CXCL14 promoter region in YCU-H891 cells was hypermethylated, and that demethylation of the promoter by treatment with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine restored CXCL14 mRNA expression and in vivo cetuximab-mediated tumour growth suppression. Finally, we observed in vivo tumour growth suppression when YCU-H891 cells were engineered to express CXCL14 ectopically in the presence of doxycycline. These results indicate that CXCL14 expression may be a good predictive biomarker for cetuximab-dependent tumour suppression.
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Grundy M, Coussios C, Carlisle R. Advances in systemic delivery of anti-cancer agents for the treatment of metastatic cancer. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:999-1013. [PMID: 27080542 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2016.1167036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The successful treatment of metastatic cancer is refractory to strategies employed to treat confined, primary lesions, such as surgical resection and radiation therapy, and thus must be addressed by systemic delivery of anti-cancer agents. Conventional systemically administered chemotherapeutics are often ineffective and come with severe dose-limiting toxicities. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the recent developments in systemic therapy for metastatic cancer. Firstly, the strategies employed to improve the efficacy of conventional chemotherapeutics by 'passively' and 'actively' targeting them to tumors are discussed. Secondly, recent advances in the use of biologics to better target cancer and to instigate anti-tumor immunity are reviewed. Under the label of 'biologics', antibody-therapies, T cell engaging therapies, oncolytic virotherapies and cell-based therapies are examined and evaluated. EXPERT OPINION Improving specificity of action, and engaging the immune system appear to be key goals in the development of novel or reformulated anti-cancer agents for the treatment of metastatic cancer. One of the largest areas of opportunity in this field will be the identification of robust predictive biomarkers for use in conjunction with these agents. Treatment regimens that combine an agent to elicit an immune response (such as an oncolytic virus), and an agent to potentiate/mediate that immune response (such as immune checkpoint inhibitors) are predicted to be more effective than treatment with either agent alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Grundy
- a Department of Engineering Science , Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - Constantin Coussios
- a Department of Engineering Science , Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom
| | - Robert Carlisle
- a Department of Engineering Science , Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford , Oxford , United Kingdom
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van Dommelen SM, van der Meel R, van Solinge WW, Coimbra M, Vader P, Schiffelers RM. Cetuximab treatment alters the content of extracellular vesicles released from tumor cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:881-90. [PMID: 27021928 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2015-0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are attractive candidates for biomarker research, because their content reflects the parental cell status. This study aimed to examine whether tumor cell derived EVs mirrored the cellular changes caused by treatment with cetuximab, a therapeutic antibody that blocks activation of EGF receptor (EGFR). MATERIALS & METHODS A-431 cells were treated with cetuximab for 48 h. EVs were isolated using differential centrifugation and protein content was analyzed using western blotting. RESULTS EV levels of EGFR and phospho-EGFR were reduced after cetuximab treatment, reflecting similar changes in the parental cells. In addition, cetuximab was found associated with EVs. CONCLUSION EVs could serve as biomarkers to monitor cetuximab treatment. Association of cetuximab with EVs might influence its behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M van Dommelen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry & Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roy van der Meel
- Department of Clinical Chemistry & Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Wouter W van Solinge
- Department of Clinical Chemistry & Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Coimbra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Vader
- Department of Clinical Chemistry & Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Raymond M Schiffelers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry & Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Jarząbek T, Rucińska M, Rogowski W, Lewandowska M, Tujakowski J, Habib M, Kowalczyk A, Byszek A, Dziadziuszko R, Nawrocki S. CA-SSR1 Polymorphism in Intron 1 of the EGFR Gene in Patients with Malignant Tumors Who Develop Acneiform Rash Associated with the Use of Cetuximab. Mol Diagn Ther 2016; 19:79-89. [PMID: 25721848 PMCID: PMC4555232 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-015-0132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors are not equally effective in all cancer patients. One potential clinical factor that could help in selecting patients who may benefit from treatment with cetuximab is acneiform rash, which correlates with the clinical response to EGFR inhibitors. Some previous studies have suggested that the tendency to develop rash may depend on polymorphisms in the EGFR gene. In this investigation, the association of degree of CA dinucleotide polymorphism with skin rash and cetuximab therapy outcome was examined. Methods The study included 60 patients treated with cetuximab. For each patient, the severity of acneiform rash was assessed, and the type of polymorphism was determined by genotyping. Associations between genotypes, the acneiform rash, and response to treatment were determined by using the chi-square test and Spearman’s rank correlation. The cutoffs S ≤ 17(CA), L > 17(CA), n(CA) ≤ 35, and n(CA) > 35 were tested, as well as the sum of the two allele repetitions. Results A correlation was found between body surface area covered by rash and the sum of the two allele repetitions (p = 0.030). No statistically significant relationship between genotype and response to treatment was observed. However, in patients who have had partial remission, we noticed a higher incidence of polymorphism, with less CA dinucleotide repetitions and early onset of rash. Conclusion A correlation between genotype and severity of rash was observed. That is, the severity of rash decreased with an increased number of CA repetitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Jarząbek
- Department of Oncology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Monika Rucińska
- Department of Oncology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Radiation Oncology, ZOZ MSW, Oncology Center of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wojciech Rogowski
- Department of Oncology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marzena Lewandowska
- Department of Molecular Oncology and Genetics, Innovative Medical Forum, Franciszek Lukaszczyk Oncology Center, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Tumors, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Tumors, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Jerzy Tujakowski
- Department of Chemotherapy, Franciszek Lukaszczyk Oncology Center, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Maja Habib
- Department of Chemotherapy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Kowalczyk
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Byszek
- Department of Clinical Trials, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Dziadziuszko
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sergiusz Nawrocki
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Abstract
Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a serious therapeutic challenge and targeted therapies only provide a modest benefit in terms of overall survival. Novel approaches are urgently needed for the treatment of this prevalent malignancy. Evidence demonstrating the antigenicity of tumour cells, the discovery that immune checkpoint molecules have an essential role in immune evasion of tumour cells, and the impressive clinical results achieved by blocking these inhibitory receptors, are revolutionizing cancer immunotherapy. Here, we review the data on HCC immunogenicity, the mechanisms for HCC immune subversion and the different immunotherapies that have been tested to treat HCC. Taking into account the multiplicity of hyperadditive immunosuppressive forces acting within the HCC microenvironment, a combinatorial approach is advised. Strategies include combinations of systemic immunomodulation and gene therapy, cell therapy or virotherapy.
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FcγR and EGFR polymorphisms as predictive markers of cetuximab efficacy in metastatic colorectal cancer. Mol Diagn Ther 2015; 18:541-8. [PMID: 24828248 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-014-0103-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Cetuximab shows activity in KRAS (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Recent studies have demonstrated that cetuximab induces antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in mCRC. We investigated the associations of FcγR (fragment C γ receptor) and EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) polymorphisms with the outcome of mCRC patients treated with cetuximab and FOLFIRI (folic acid/5-fluorouracil/irinotecan) as second-line therapy in the FLIER (Cetuximab Plus Folinic Acid/5-Fluorouracil/Irinotecan in KRAS Wild-Type Metastatic Colorectal Cancer as a Second-Line Treatment) study. METHODS A total of 57 patients were evaluated in this study. The association of each polymorphism with the response rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival was analyzed. RESULTS A tendency for longer overall survival was observed in patients with the EGFR CA repeat ≥36 genotype than in those with the ≤35 genotype (600 versus 483 days, P = 0.051). The haplotype containing the 131H and 158V alleles was associated with a lower response rate than the other haplotypes (P = 0.018). These results are contrary to previously published results. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that FcγR and EGFR CA repeat polymorphisms may be associated with the outcome of mCRC patients treated with cetuximab and FOLFIRI, although further investigations will be needed to confirm the association of FcγR and EGFR polymorphisms with the efficacy of cetuximab.
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Niccolai E, Taddei A, Prisco D, Amedei A. Gastric cancer and the epoch of immunotherapy approaches. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:5778-5793. [PMID: 26019442 PMCID: PMC4438012 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i19.5778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of gastric cancer (GC) fell dramatically over the last 50 years, but according to IARC-Globocan 2008, it is the third most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths with a case fatality GC ratio higher than other common malignancies. Surgical resection is the primary curative treatment for GC though the overall 5-year survival rate remains poor (approximately 20%-25%). To improve the outcome of resectable gastric cancer, different treatment strategies have been evaluated such as adjuvant or perioperative chemotherapy. In resected gastric cancer, the addition of radiotherapy to chemotherapy does not appear to provide any additional benefit. Moreover, in metastatic patients, chemotherapy is the mainstay of palliative therapy with a median overall survival of 8-10 mo and objective response rates of merely 20%-40%. Therefore, the potential for making key beneficial progress is to investigate the GC molecular biology to realize innovative therapeutic strategies, such as specific immunotherapy. In this review, we provide a panoramic view of the different immune-based strategies used for gastric cancer treatment and the results obtained in the most significant clinical trials. In detail, firstly we describe the therapeutic approaches that utilize the monoclonal antibodies while in the second part we analyze the cell-based immunotherapies.
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Monteverde M, Milano G, Strola G, Maffi M, Lattanzio L, Vivenza D, Tonissi F, Merlano M, Lo Nigro C. The relevance of ADCC for EGFR targeting: A review of the literature and a clinically-applicable method of assessment in patients. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2015; 95:179-90. [PMID: 25819749 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in the understanding of tumor biology have led to the development of targeted therapies as monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) in clinical oncology. Among their suggested mechanisms of action monoclonal antibodies (IgG1) selectively directed against tumor membrane receptors mediate of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by triggering Fc-γRIII on natural killer (NK) cells. METHODS This study reviews the clinical context of ADCC measurement with a particular focus on EGFR targeting and describes an ex vivo ADCC method applied to MoAbs (cetuximab and panitumumab), against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The test performance was evaluated on different target cells lines (CAL166, A431, HNO91, CAL27), with different effector cells (peripheral blood mononuclear cells or natural killers -NK-) and in various experimental conditions, in order to establish a truly clinically applicable method. RESULTS Using the experience available in the published literature, we optimized all variables involved in the experimental design: target cells type, numbers and ratio target cells and NK cells (effector cells) per well, time of exposure and repeatability. CONCLUSION ADCC measurement may be of clinical relevance in the context of treatment with MoAbs. This study describes a non-radioactive method which has proven satisfactory in terms of sensitivity, reproducibility, feasibility and cost effectiveness for the measurement of ADCC activity mediated by NK with an orientation towards the EGFR target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martino Monteverde
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce General Hospital, Via Carle 25, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Gerard Milano
- Oncopharmacology unit, Centre Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France
| | - Giuliana Strola
- Laboratory Department, S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Monica Maffi
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce General Hospital, Via Carle 25, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Laura Lattanzio
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce General Hospital, Via Carle 25, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Daniela Vivenza
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce General Hospital, Via Carle 25, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Federica Tonissi
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce General Hospital, Via Carle 25, 12100, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Marco Merlano
- Medical Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce General Hospital, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Cristiana Lo Nigro
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Translational Oncology, Oncology Department, S. Croce General Hospital, Via Carle 25, 12100, Cuneo, Italy.
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Perkins G, Pilati C, Blons H, Laurent-Puig P. Beyond KRAS status and response to anti-EGFR therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer. Pharmacogenomics 2015; 15:1043-52. [PMID: 24956256 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.14.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, overall survival has improved over the last decade mainly due to the use of effective targeted therapies such as anti-EGFR. However, survival improvement is linked to proper selection of patients expected to benefit from these treatments. KRAS codons 12 and 13 mutation status was the first validated molecular biomarker for anti-EGFR antibodies. Today, rare KRAS alterations and NRAS mutations were implemented, defining the 'RAS' status as the new validated marker of response to anti-EGFR antibodies. Moreover, other biomarkers are under investigation to screen for other targets and help with patients selection. Here, we reviewed these promising biomarkers: mutations in the RAS-MAPK and PI3K-AKT pathways genes, MET activation, HER/ErbB receptors activation (EGFR, HER2 and HER3), EGFR ligands, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity) and miRNAs. Further data are needed to define their impact for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Perkins
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR)-S1147, Personalized Medicine, Pharmacogenomics, Therapeutic Optimization, University Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints Pères, Paris 75006, France
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Vacchelli E, Pol J, Bloy N, Eggermont A, Cremer I, Fridman WH, Galon J, Marabelle A, Kohrt H, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L. Trial watch: Tumor-targeting monoclonal antibodies for oncological indications. Oncoimmunology 2015; 4:e985940. [PMID: 25949870 DOI: 10.4161/2162402x.2014.985940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
An expanding panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that specifically target malignant cells or intercept trophic factors delivered by the tumor stroma is now available for cancer therapy. These mAbs can exert direct antiproliferative/cytotoxic effects as they inhibit pro-survival signal transduction cascades or activate lethal receptors at the plasma membrane of cancer cells, they can opsonize neoplastic cells to initiate a tumor-targeting immune response, or they can be harnessed to specifically deliver toxins or radionuclides to transformed cells. As an indication of the success of this immunotherapeutic paradigm, international regulatory agencies approve new tumor-targeting mAbs for use in cancer patients every year. Moreover, the list of indications for previously licensed molecules is frequently expanded to other neoplastic disorders as the results of large, randomized clinical trials become available. Here, we discuss recent advances in the preclinical and clinical development of tumor-targeting mAbs for oncological indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Vacchelli
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France ; INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France
| | - Jonathan Pol
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France ; INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France
| | - Norma Bloy
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France ; INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France
| | | | - Isabelle Cremer
- INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 13; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI ; Paris, France
| | - Wolf Hervé Fridman
- INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 13; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI ; Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Galon
- INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI ; Paris, France ; Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité ; Paris, France
| | - Aurélien Marabelle
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France ; INSERM ; U1015 , Villejuif, France
| | - Holbrook Kohrt
- Department of Medicine; Division of Oncology; Stanford University ; Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France ; INSERM ; U1015 , Villejuif, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité ; Paris, France ; Pôle de Biologie; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou ; AP-HP ; Paris, France ; Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms; Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus ; Villejuif, France ; INSERM; U1138 ; Paris, France ; Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers ; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité ; Paris, France
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Mazid RR, Vijayaraghavan R, MacFarlane DR, Cortez-Jugo C, Cheng W. Inhibited fragmentation of mAbs in buffered ionic liquids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:8089-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01877c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Choline-based buffered ionic liquids have been demonstrated to greatly inhibit enzymatic degradation of antibodies, and are promising as next-generation biological buffers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romiza R. Mazid
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Monash University
- Clayton 3800
- Australia
| | - R. Vijayaraghavan
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Monash University
- Parkville 3052
- Australia
| | | | | | - Wenlong Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Monash University
- Clayton 3800
- Australia
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48
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Galluzzi L, Vacchelli E, Pedro JMBS, Buqué A, Senovilla L, Baracco EE, Bloy N, Castoldi F, Abastado JP, Agostinis P, Apte RN, Aranda F, Ayyoub M, Beckhove P, Blay JY, Bracci L, Caignard A, Castelli C, Cavallo F, Celis E, Cerundolo V, Clayton A, Colombo MP, Coussens L, Dhodapkar MV, Eggermont AM, Fearon DT, Fridman WH, Fučíková J, Gabrilovich DI, Galon J, Garg A, Ghiringhelli F, Giaccone G, Gilboa E, Gnjatic S, Hoos A, Hosmalin A, Jäger D, Kalinski P, Kärre K, Kepp O, Kiessling R, Kirkwood JM, Klein E, Knuth A, Lewis CE, Liblau R, Lotze MT, Lugli E, Mach JP, Mattei F, Mavilio D, Melero I, Melief CJ, Mittendorf EA, Moretta L, Odunsi A, Okada H, Palucka AK, Peter ME, Pienta KJ, Porgador A, Prendergast GC, Rabinovich GA, Restifo NP, Rizvi N, Sautès-Fridman C, Schreiber H, Seliger B, Shiku H, Silva-Santos B, Smyth MJ, Speiser DE, Spisek R, Srivastava PK, Talmadge JE, Tartour E, Van Der Burg SH, Van Den Eynde BJ, Vile R, Wagner H, Weber JS, Whiteside TL, Wolchok JD, Zitvogel L, Zou W, Kroemer G. Classification of current anticancer immunotherapies. Oncotarget 2014; 5:12472-508. [PMID: 25537519 PMCID: PMC4350348 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
During the past decades, anticancer immunotherapy has evolved from a promising therapeutic option to a robust clinical reality. Many immunotherapeutic regimens are now approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency for use in cancer patients, and many others are being investigated as standalone therapeutic interventions or combined with conventional treatments in clinical studies. Immunotherapies may be subdivided into "passive" and "active" based on their ability to engage the host immune system against cancer. Since the anticancer activity of most passive immunotherapeutics (including tumor-targeting monoclonal antibodies) also relies on the host immune system, this classification does not properly reflect the complexity of the drug-host-tumor interaction. Alternatively, anticancer immunotherapeutics can be classified according to their antigen specificity. While some immunotherapies specifically target one (or a few) defined tumor-associated antigen(s), others operate in a relatively non-specific manner and boost natural or therapy-elicited anticancer immune responses of unknown and often broad specificity. Here, we propose a critical, integrated classification of anticancer immunotherapies and discuss the clinical relevance of these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Erika Vacchelli
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - José-Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Aitziber Buqué
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Laura Senovilla
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Elisa Elena Baracco
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Medicine, Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Norma Bloy
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Medicine, Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Francesca Castoldi
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Faculté de Medicine, Université Paris Sud/Paris XI, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Sotio a.c., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jean-Pierre Abastado
- Pole d'innovation thérapeutique en oncologie, Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Suresnes, France
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research and Therapy (CDRT) Laboratory, Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ron N. Apte
- The Shraga Segal Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Fernando Aranda
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Group of Immune receptors of the Innate and Adaptive System, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maha Ayyoub
- INSERM, U1102, Saint Herblain, France
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Philipp Beckhove
- Translational Immunology Division, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jean-Yves Blay
- Equipe 11, Centre Léon Bérard (CLR), Lyon, France
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Lyon, France
| | - Laura Bracci
- Dept. of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Anne Caignard
- INSERM, U1160, Paris, France
- Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis-Lariboisière - F. Vidal, Paris, France
| | - Chiara Castelli
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Dept. of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Cavallo
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, Dept. of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Estaban Celis
- Cancer Immunology, Inflammation and Tolerance Program, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Vincenzo Cerundolo
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Aled Clayton
- Institute of Cancer & Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Velindre Cancer Centre, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mario P. Colombo
- Unit of Immunotherapy of Human Tumors, Dept. of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Lisa Coussens
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Madhav V. Dhodapkar
- Sect. of Hematology and Immunobiology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Wolf H. Fridman
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 13, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Jitka Fučíková
- Sotio a.c., Prague, Czech Republic
- Dept. of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dmitry I. Gabrilovich
- Dept. of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jérôme Galon
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Abhishek Garg
- Cell Death Research and Therapy (CDRT) Laboratory, Dept. of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - François Ghiringhelli
- INSERM, UMR866, Dijon, France
- Centre Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, France
- Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Giuseppe Giaccone
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Eli Gilboa
- Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Sect. of Hematology/Oncology, Immunology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Axel Hoos
- Glaxo Smith Kline, Cancer Immunotherapy Consortium, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Anne Hosmalin
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1016, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Dirk Jäger
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Medical Center Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pawel Kalinski
- Dept. of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Dept. of Immunology and Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Klas Kärre
- Dept. of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oliver Kepp
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Rolf Kiessling
- Dept. of Oncology, Karolinska Institute Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John M. Kirkwood
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Laboratory, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eva Klein
- Dept. of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Knuth
- National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Claire E. Lewis
- Academic Unit of Inflammation and Tumour Targeting, Dept. of Oncology, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
| | - Roland Liblau
- INSERM, UMR1043, Toulouse, France
- CNRS, UMR5282, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie, CHU Toulouse, Université Toulouse II, Toulouse, France
| | - Michael T. Lotze
- Dept. of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Enrico Lugli
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Jean-Pierre Mach
- Dept. of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizio Mattei
- Dept. of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Institute, Rozzano, Italy
- Dept. of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Rozzano, Italy
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Dept. of Immunology, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Dept. of Oncology, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cornelis J. Melief
- ISA Therapeutics, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Dept. of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth A. Mittendorf
- Research Dept. of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Adekunke Odunsi
- Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Hideho Okada
- Dept. of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Marcus E. Peter
- Div. of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kenneth J. Pienta
- The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Angel Porgador
- The Shraga Segal Dept. of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - George C. Prendergast
- Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA
- Dept. of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gabriel A. Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicholas P. Restifo
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Naiyer Rizvi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - Catherine Sautès-Fridman
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France
- Equipe 13, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Hans Schreiber
- Dept. of Pathology, The Cancer Research Center, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Shiku
- Dept. of Immuno-GeneTherapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan
| | - Bruno Silva-Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mark J. Smyth
- Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniel E. Speiser
- Dept. of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Ludwig Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio a.c., Prague, Czech Republic
- Dept. of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pramod K. Srivastava
- Dept. of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
- Carole and Ray Neag Comprehensive Cancer Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - James E. Talmadge
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, Dept. of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Eric Tartour
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- INSERM, U970, Paris, France
- Paris-Cardiovascular Research Center (PARCC), Paris, France
- Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - Benoît J. Van Den Eynde
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium
- de Duve Institute, Brussels, Belgium
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Richard Vile
- Dept. of Molecular Medicine and Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hermann Wagner
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jeffrey S. Weber
- Donald A. Adam Comprehensive Melanoma Research Center, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Theresa L. Whiteside
- University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jedd D. Wolchok
- Dept. of Medicine and Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- INSERM, U1015, Villejuif, France
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique Biothérapie 507 (CICBT507), Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Weiping Zou
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 labellisée pas la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM, U1138, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (HEGP), AP-HP, Paris, France
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49
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From the discovery of monoclonal antibodies to their therapeutic application: An historical reappraisal. Immunol Lett 2014; 161:96-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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50
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Moorcraft SY, Chau I. Investigational therapies targeting the ErbB family in oesophagogastric cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2014; 23:1349-63. [PMID: 24949530 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2014.930126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prognosis for patients with oesophagogastric (OG) cancer remains poor, with a median survival of approximately 9 - 11 months for patients with metastatic disease. However, a more personalised approach to treatment, using drugs tailored to the molecular characteristics of patients' tumours, has the potential to improve patient outcomes. Drugs targeting the ErbB family of receptors have been developed, but these have had varying degrees of success in clinical practice. AREAS COVERED The authors provide an overview of the ErbB receptor family with regard to OG cancers. Furthermore, they evaluate the evidence from preclinical and clinical trials of therapeutics targeting this family, including monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and novel agents. EXPERT OPINION Drugs targeting the ErbB family have been evaluated in OG cancer, with a notable success story in the case of trastuzumab, although there have been disappointing failures with anti-EGFR therapy. The response to targeted treatment remains variable and further biomarker research is essential to identify patients most likely to benefit from these therapies. The treatment of OG cancer remains challenging, but new anti-HER2 therapies and combination therapies hold promise for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sing Yu Moorcraft
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Gastrointestinal Unit, Department of Medicine , Sutton SM2 5PT , UK +44 020 8642 6011 ; +44 020 8643 9414 ;
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