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Ananthapadmanabhan V, Shows KH, Dickinson AJ, Litovchick L. Insights from the protein interaction Universe of the multifunctional "Goldilocks" kinase DYRK1A. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1277537. [PMID: 37900285 PMCID: PMC10600473 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1277537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Dual specificity tyrosine (Y)-Regulated Kinase 1A (DYRK1A) is encoded by a dosage-dependent gene located in the Down syndrome critical region of human chromosome 21. The known substrates of DYRK1A include proteins involved in transcription, cell cycle control, DNA repair and other processes. However, the function and regulation of this kinase is not fully understood, and the current knowledge does not fully explain the dosage-dependent function of this kinase. Several recent proteomic studies identified DYRK1A interacting proteins in several human cell lines. Interestingly, several of known protein substrates of DYRK1A were undetectable in these studies, likely due to a transient nature of the kinase-substrate interaction. It is possible that the stronger-binding DYRK1A interacting proteins, many of which are poorly characterized, are involved in regulatory functions by recruiting DYRK1A to the specific subcellular compartments or distinct signaling pathways. Better understanding of these DYRK1A-interacting proteins could help to decode the cellular processes regulated by this important protein kinase during embryonic development and in the adult organism. Here, we review the current knowledge of the biochemical and functional characterization of the DYRK1A protein-protein interaction network and discuss its involvement in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Ananthapadmanabhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Kathryn H. Shows
- Department of Biology, Virginia State University, Petersburg, VA, United States
| | - Amanda J. Dickinson
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Larisa Litovchick
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Massey Cancer Center, Richmond, VA, United States
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Kokkorakis N, Gaitanou M. Minibrain-related kinase/dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 1B implication in stem/cancer stem cells biology. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:1553-1575. [PMID: 33505600 PMCID: PMC7789127 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i12.1553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1B (DYRK1B), also known as minibrain-related kinase (MIRK) is one of the best functionally studied members of the DYRK kinase family. DYRKs comprise a family of protein kinases that are emerging modulators of signal transduction pathways, cell proliferation and differentiation, survival, and cell motility. DYRKs were found to participate in several signaling pathways critical for development and cell homeostasis. In this review, we focus on the DYRK1B protein kinase from a functional point of view concerning the signaling pathways through which DYRK1B exerts its cell type-dependent function in a positive or negative manner, in development and human diseases. In particular, we focus on the physiological role of DYRK1B in behavior of stem cells in myogenesis, adipogenesis, spermatogenesis and neurogenesis, as well as in its pathological implication in cancer and metabolic syndrome. Thus, understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate signaling pathways is of high importance. Recent studies have identified a close regulatory connection between DYRK1B and the hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway. Here, we aim to bring together what is known about the functional integration and cross-talk between DYRK1B and several signaling pathways, such as HH, RAS and PI3K/mTOR/AKT, as well as how this might affect cellular and molecular processes in development, physiology, and pathology. Thus, this review summarizes the major known functions of DYRK1B kinase, as well as the mechanisms by which DYRK1B exerts its functions in development and human diseases focusing on the homeostasis of stem and cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Kokkorakis
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens 11521, Greece
| | - Maria Gaitanou
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology-Stem Cells, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens 11521, Greece
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3
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Boni J, Rubio-Perez C, López-Bigas N, Fillat C, de la Luna S. The DYRK Family of Kinases in Cancer: Molecular Functions and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082106. [PMID: 32751160 PMCID: PMC7465136 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
DYRK (dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinases) are an evolutionary conserved family of protein kinases with members from yeast to humans. In humans, DYRKs are pleiotropic factors that phosphorylate a broad set of proteins involved in many different cellular processes. These include factors that have been associated with all the hallmarks of cancer, from genomic instability to increased proliferation and resistance, programmed cell death, or signaling pathways whose dysfunction is relevant to tumor onset and progression. In accordance with an involvement of DYRK kinases in the regulation of tumorigenic processes, an increasing number of research studies have been published in recent years showing either alterations of DYRK gene expression in tumor samples and/or providing evidence of DYRK-dependent mechanisms that contribute to tumor initiation and/or progression. In the present article, we will review the current understanding of the role of DYRK family members in cancer initiation and progression, providing an overview of the small molecules that act as DYRK inhibitors and discussing the clinical implications and therapeutic opportunities currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Boni
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlota Rubio-Perez
- Cancer Science Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.-P.); (N.L.-B.)
| | - Nuria López-Bigas
- Cancer Science Programme, Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.-P.); (N.L.-B.)
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Fillat
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Rosselló 149-153, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Susana de la Luna
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Dr Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-933-160-144
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4
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Hamilton ST, Hutterer C, Egilmezer E, Steingruber M, Milbradt J, Marschall M, Rawlinson WD. Human cytomegalovirus utilises cellular dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases during placental replication. Placenta 2018; 72-73:10-19. [PMID: 30501876 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Congenital cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection may cause significant fetal malformation and in severe cases fetal and neonatal death. Fetal injury may be caused indirectly by the placental response to infection. Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRKs) have recently been identified as critical kinases for HCMV replication. In this study we provide first evidence that DYRK1A and DYRK1B are utilised during HCMV placental replication. METHODS DYRK expression was investigated in AD169- and Merlin-infected TEV-1 trophoblast cells, ex vivo placental explants and naturally infected clinical placentae by immunofluorescence, western blot, co-immunoprecipitation and RT-qPCR. RESULTS HCMV-infected placental cells showed accumulation and re-localisation of DYRK1A and DYRK1B protein to areas of cytoplasmic virion assembly complexes and nuclear viral replication compartments, respectively. This accumulation was a result of upregulated DYRK1A/B protein expression with HCMV inducing up to a 5.3-fold increase in DYRK1A and up to a 4.7-fold increase in DYRK1B protein, relative to mock-infected TEV-1 cells (p < 0.0001). Increased DYRK protein expression was correlated with DYRK1A/B mRNA upregulation, with HCMV-infected cells showing up to a 3.7-fold increase and 2.9-fold increase in DYRK1A and DYRK1B mRNA levels respectively (p < 0.05). Protein-protein interactions were detected between DYRK1A/1B complexes and HCMV immediate early IE2p86, early pp65 and pUL44 and late pp150 proteins. Treatment of HCMV-infected TEV-1 cells and placental explants with DYRK inhibitors significantly inhibited HCMV replication (p < 0.05) indicating these cellular kinases are required during HCMV placental replication. CONCLUSION HCMV modulates cellular DYRKs during placental replication which may have implications for congenital HCMV pathogenesis and represent promising antiviral targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart T Hamilton
- Serology and Virology Division, SEALS Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - Corina Hutterer
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Ece Egilmezer
- Serology and Virology Division, SEALS Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mirjam Steingruber
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Jens Milbradt
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - Manfred Marschall
- Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Germany
| | - William D Rawlinson
- Serology and Virology Division, SEALS Microbiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Australia; School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Australia; School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
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5
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Zhou Q, Phoa AF, Abbassi RH, Hoque M, Reekie TA, Font JS, Ryan RM, Stringer BW, Day BW, Johns TG, Munoz L, Kassiou M. Structural Optimization and Pharmacological Evaluation of Inhibitors Targeting Dual-Specificity Tyrosine Phosphorylation-Regulated Kinases (DYRK) and CDC-like kinases (CLK) in Glioblastoma. J Med Chem 2017; 60:2052-2070. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Brett W. Stringer
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Bryan W. Day
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia
| | - Terrance G. Johns
- Oncogenic
Signaling Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, 27 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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6
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Kay LJ, Smulders-Srinivasan TK, Soundararajan M. Understanding the Multifaceted Role of Human Down Syndrome Kinase DYRK1A. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2016; 105:127-71. [PMID: 27567487 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The dual-specificity tyrosine (Y) phosphorylation-regulated kinase DYRK1A, also known as Down syndrome (DS) kinase, is a dosage-dependent signaling kinase that was originally shown to be highly expressed in DS patients as a consequence of trisomy 21. Although this was evident some time ago, it is only in recent investigations that the molecular roles of DYRK1A in a wide range of cellular processes are becoming increasingly apparent. Since initial knowledge on DYRK1A became evident through minibrain mnb, the Drosophila homolog of DYRK1A, this review will first summarize the scientific reports on minibrain and further expand on the well-established neuronal functions of mammalian and human DYRK1A. Recent investigations across the current decade have provided rather interesting and compelling evidence in establishing nonneuronal functions for DYRK1A, including its role in infection, immunity, cardiomyocyte biology, cancer, and cell cycle control. The latter part of this review will therefore focus in detail on the emerging nonneuronal functions of DYRK1A and summarize the regulatory role of DYRK1A in controlling Tau and α-synuclein. Finally, the emerging role of DYRK1A in Parkinson's disease will be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Kay
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - T K Smulders-Srinivasan
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - M Soundararajan
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
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7
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Mariano M, Hartmann RW, Engel M. Systematic diversification of benzylidene heterocycles yields novel inhibitor scaffolds selective for Dyrk1A, Clk1 and CK2. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 112:209-216. [PMID: 26896709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase 1A (Dyrk1A) has gathered much interest as a pharmacological target in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but it plays a role in malignant brain tumors as well. As both diseases are multi-factorial, further protein kinases, such as Clk1 and CK2, were proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis. We designed a new class of α-benzylidene-γ-butyrolactone inhibitors that showed low micromolar potencies against Dyrk1A and/or Clk1 and a good selectivity profile among the most frequently reported off-target kinases. A systematic replacement of the heterocyclic moiety gave access to further inhibitor classes with interesting selectivity profiles, demonstrating that the benzylidene heterocycles provide a versatile tool box for developing inhibitors of the CMGC kinase family members Dyr1A/1B, Clk1/4 and CK2. Efficacy for the inhibition of Dyrk1A-mediated tau phosphorylation was demonstrated in a cell-based assay. Multi-targeted but not non-specific kinase inhibitors were also obtained, that co-inhibited the lipid kinases PI3Kα/γ. These compounds were shown to inhibit the proliferation of U87MG cells in the low micromolar range. Based on the molecular properties, the inhibitors described here hold promise for CNS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Mariano
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W Hartmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Campus C2-3, D 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Matthias Engel
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
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8
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Yang Y, Xie YJ, Xu Q, Chen JX, Shan NC, Zhang Y. Down-regulation of miR-1246 in cervical cancer tissues and its clinical significance. Gynecol Oncol 2015; 138:683-8. [PMID: 26074491 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of mRNAs by binding to their 3'-untranslated regions (UTRs). Accumulating evidences show that miRNAs are involved in tumorigenesis such as lung cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, and cervical cancer. In this study, we focused on the expression of miR-1246 in clinical cervical cancer tissues as well as the relationship between miR-1246 and HPV16E6 infection status. METHODS Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction technology was used to detect the expression of miR-1246 in 68 cervical cancer tissues and 52 normal tissues. The expression of miR-1246 also was tested in HPV16E6 negative cervical cell line (SiHa) or HPV16E6 positive cell line (C33A). Western blot was performed to detect the expression of DYRK1A after knocking down HPV16E6. RESULTS Our data showed that the expression of miR-1246 was dramatically decreased in cervical cancer tissue, compared with normal control group (p=0.0012), and miR-1246 was negatively correlated with clinical stage and HPV16E6 infected status (p=0.0410), but no correlation was observed with age, tumor diameter, cervical invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, or vascular invasion (p>0.05). Knock down of HPV16E6 significantly raised DYRK1A protein expression targeted by miR-1246. CONCLUSIONS The expression of miR-1246 is negatively correlated with cervical cancer procedure as well as HPV16E6 infection status and the miR-1246 may act as a diagnostic biomarker for cervical cancer. In addition, HPV16E6 infection may be a major reason leading to decrease the expression of miR-1246 in cervical cancer. This finding contributes to deep understanding of the miR-1246 function in cervical carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Y J Xie
- School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Q Xu
- School of Resources Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - J X Chen
- Xinjiang Cancer Hospital, Urumchi, China
| | - N C Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Abbassi R, Johns TG, Kassiou M, Munoz L. DYRK1A in neurodegeneration and cancer: Molecular basis and clinical implications. Pharmacol Ther 2015; 151:87-98. [PMID: 25795597 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases are one of the most studied drug targets in current pharmacological research, as evidenced by the vast number of kinase-targeting agents enrolled in active clinical trials. Dual-specificity Tyrosine phosphorylation-Regulated Kinase 1A (DYRK1A) has been much less studied compared to many other kinases. DYRK1A primary function occurs during early development, where this protein regulates cellular processes related to proliferation and differentiation of neuronal progenitor cells. Although most extensively characterised for its role in brain development, DYRK1A is over-expressed in a variety of diseases including a number of human malignancies, such as haematological and brain cancers. Here we review the accumulating molecular studies that support our understanding of how DYRK1A signalling could underlie these pathological functions. The relevance of DYRK1A in a number of diseases is also substantiated with intensive drug discovery efforts to develop potent and selective inhibitors of DYRK1A. Several classes of DYRK1A inhibitors have recently been disclosed and some molecules are promising leads to develop DYRK1A inhibitors as drugs for DYRK1A-dependent diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Abbassi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Terrance G Johns
- MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Michael Kassiou
- School of Chemistry and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Lenka Munoz
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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10
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Schmitt C, Kail D, Mariano M, Empting M, Weber N, Paul T, Hartmann RW, Engel M. Design and synthesis of a library of lead-like 2,4-bisheterocyclic substituted thiophenes as selective Dyrk/Clk inhibitors. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87851. [PMID: 24676346 PMCID: PMC3968014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Dyrk family of protein kinases is implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer and neurodegeneration. Pharmacological inhibitors were mainly described for Dyrk1A so far, but in fewer cases for Dyrk1B, Dyrk2 or other isoforms. Herein, we report the development and optimization of 2,4-bisheterocyclic substituted thiophenes as a novel class of Dyrk inhibitors. The optimized hit compounds displayed favorable pharmacokinetic properties and high ligand efficiencies, and inhibited Dyrk1B in intact cells. In a larger selectivity screen, only Clk1 and Clk4 were identified as additional targets of compound 48, but no other kinases frequently reported as off-targets. Interestingly, Dyrk1A is implicated in the regulation of alternative splicing, a function shared with Clk1/Clk4; thus, some of the dual inhibitors might be useful as efficient splicing modulators. A further compound (29) inhibited Dyrk1A and 1B with an IC50 of 130 nM, showing a moderate selectivity over Dyrk2. Since penetration of the central nervous system (CNS) seems possible based on the physicochemical properties, this compound might serve as a lead for the development of potential therapeutic agents against glioblastoma. Furthermore, an inhibitor selective for Dyrk2 (24) was also identified, which might be are suitable as a pharmacological tool to dissect Dyrk2 isoform-mediated functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schmitt
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | | | - Marica Mariano
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz-Institut für Pharmazeutische Forschung Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Nadja Weber
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tamara Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz-Institut für Pharmazeutische Forschung Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Matthias Engel
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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11
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Planque C, Dairou J, Noll C, Bui LC, Ripoll C, Guedj F, Delabar JM, Janel N. Mice deficient in cystathionine beta synthase display increased Dyrk1A and SAHH activities in brain. J Mol Neurosci 2013; 50:1-6. [PMID: 22700376 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-012-9835-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with brain disease. However, biological actions linking hyperhomocysteinemia to neuronal abnormalities are not well understood. We recently found a relationship between Dyrk1A protein expression, a serine/threonine kinase that might be responsible for cognitive functions in Down's syndrome, and hepatic S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) activity, which plays a key role in S-adenosylmethionine-dependent methylation reactions. Considering the role of methylation and Dyrk1A in cognitive functions, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Dyrk1A and SAHH activity in brain of hyperhomocysteinemic mice. We found an increase in Dyrk1A protein expression and activity in brain of hyperhomocysteinemic mice, concomitant with an increased SAHH activity. The effect of overexpression of protein Dyrk1A on SAHH activity was confirmed in brain of Dyrk1A transgenic mice, and additionally we found a positive correlation between Dyrk1A and SAHH activity. These observations suggest a potential effect of Dyrk1A on brain phenotypes linked to hyperhomocysteinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Planque
- Unit of Functional and Adaptative Biology, University of Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, EAC-CNRS 4413, 75013 Paris, France
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12
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13
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Liao JM, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Lu H. MiR-1246: a new link of the p53 family with cancer and Down syndrome. Cell Cycle 2012; 11:2624-30. [PMID: 22751441 PMCID: PMC3409007 DOI: 10.4161/cc.20809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of miRNAs, a number of miRNAs have been identified as p53's transcriptional targets. Most of them are involved in regulation of the known p53 functions, such as cell cycle, apoptosis and senescence. Our recent study revealed miR-1246 as a novel target of p53 and its analogs p63 and p73 to suppress the expression of DYRK1A and consequently activate NFAT, both of which are associated with Down syndrome and possibly with tumorigenesis. This finding suggests that miR-1246 might serve as a likely link of the p53 family with Down syndrome. Here, we provide some prospective views on the potential role of the p53 family in Down syndrome via miR-1246 and propose a new p53-miR-1246-DYRK1A-NFAT pathway in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ming Liao
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans, LA USA
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans, LA USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Xiangya Hospital; Central South University; Hunan, China
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology and Tulane Cancer Center; Tulane University School of Medicine; New Orleans, LA USA
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14
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Yousef AF, Fonseca GJ, Cohen MJ, Mymryk JS. The C-terminal region of E1A: a molecular tool for cellular cartography. Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 90:153-63. [DOI: 10.1139/o11-080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenovirus E1A proteins function via protein–protein interactions. By making many connections with the cellular protein network, individual modules of this virally encoded hub reprogram numerous aspects of cell function and behavior. Although many of these interactions have been thoroughly studied, those mediated by the C-terminal region of E1A are less well understood. This review focuses on how this region of E1A affects cell cycle progression, apoptosis, senescence, transformation, and conversion of cells to an epithelial state through interactions with CTBP1/2, DYRK1A/B, FOXK1/2, and importin-α. Furthermore, novel potential pathways that the C-terminus of E1A influences through these connections with the cellular interaction network are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed F. Yousef
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Oncology, The University of Western Ontario, London Regional Cancer Program, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada
| | - Gregory J. Fonseca
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Oncology, The University of Western Ontario, London Regional Cancer Program, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada
| | - Michael J. Cohen
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Oncology, The University of Western Ontario, London Regional Cancer Program, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada
| | - Joe S. Mymryk
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Oncology, The University of Western Ontario, London Regional Cancer Program, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada
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15
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GAO JINGCHUN, YANG XIANGJUN, YIN PING, HU WENFENG, LIAO HONGFENG, MIAO ZHIHUI, PAN CHAO, LI NA. The involvement of FoxO in cell survival and chemosensitivity mediated by Mirk/Dyrk1B in ovarian cancer. Int J Oncol 2012; 40:1203-9. [PMID: 22159921 PMCID: PMC3584584 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2011.1293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Minibrain-related kinase (Mirk) is a serine/threonine kinase which is also known as the dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1B (Dyrk1B). It is known that Dyrk1A, the closest family member to Mirk/Dyrk1B can mediate cellular localization of mammalian forkhead subclass O (FoxO1), a transcription factor, although the effect of Mirk/Dyrk1B on FoxO factors remains to be defined. In this study, we showed that Mirk/Dyrk1B protein was overexpressed in 5 of 8 ovarian cancer cell lines and negatively correlated with the protein level of FoxO factors (FoxO1+FoxO3A). Knockdown of Mirk by small interfering RNA (siRNA) resulted in cell apoptosis and sensitized cells to cisplatin accompanied by nuclear translocation of FoxO1 and/or FoxO3A as well as increased Bim, TRADD, cleaved caspase-3 and PARP. Furthermore, combined siRNAs of Mirk with FoxO1 and/or FoxO3A led to fewer apoptotic cells and cisplatin sensitivity compared to Mirk siRNA alone, suggesting that FoxO is involved in Mirk-mediated cell survival and chemosensitivity of ovarian cancer. Taken together, Mirk/Dyrk1B plays an important role in ovarian cancer cell survival through modulating FoxO translocation and may be a novel therapeutic target for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- JINGCHUN GAO
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011
| | - XIANGJUN YANG
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - PING YIN
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - WENFENG HU
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - HONGFENG LIAO
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - ZHIHUI MIAO
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - CHAO PAN
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - NA LI
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
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16
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Aranda S, Laguna A, de la Luna S. DYRK family of protein kinases: evolutionary relationships, biochemical properties, and functional roles. FASEB J 2011; 25:449-62. [PMID: 21048044 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-165837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinases (DYRKs) comprise a family of protein kinases within the CMGC group of the eukaryotic kinome. Members of the DYRK family are found in 4 (animalia, plantae, fungi, and protista) of the 5 main taxa or kingdoms, and all DYRK proteins studied to date share common structural, biochemical, and functional properties with their ancestors in yeast. Recent work on DYRK proteins indicates that they participate in several signaling pathways critical for developmental processes and cell homeostasis. In this review, we focus on the DYRK family of proteins from an evolutionary, biochemical, and functional point of view and discuss the most recent, relevant, and controversial contributions to the study of these kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Aranda
- Center for Genomic Regulation, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Abstract
MNB/DYRK1A is a member of the dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK) family that has been strongly conserved across evolution. There are substantial data implicating MNB/DYRK1A in brain development and adult brain function, as well as in neurodegeneration and Down syndrome pathologies. Here we review our current understanding of the neurodevelopmental activity of MNB/DYRK1A. We discuss how MNB/DYRK1A fulfils several sequential roles in neuronal development and the molecular mechanisms possibly underlying these functions. We also summarize the evidence behind the hypotheses to explain how the imbalance in MNB/DYRK1A gene dosage might be implicated in the neurodevelopmental alterations associated with Down syndrome. Finally, we highlight some research directions that may help to clarify the mechanisms and functions of MNB/DYRK1A signalling in the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Tejedor
- Instituto de Neurociencias, CSIC and Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain.
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18
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Chang HS, Lin CH, Yang CH, Liang YJ, Yu WCY. The human papillomavirus-16 (HPV-16) oncoprotein E7 conjugates with and mediates the role of the transforming growth factor-beta inducible early gene 1 (TIEG1) in apoptosis. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2010; 42:1831-9. [PMID: 20691807 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2010.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 07/15/2010] [Accepted: 07/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The human papillomavirus (HPV) oncoprotein E7 is a major transforming protein. The E7 protein does not possess intrinsic enzymatic activity, but rather functions through direct and indirect interactions with cellular proteins, several of which are well known cellular tumor suppressors. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we found that transforming growth factor-beta inducible early gene 1 (TIEG1), a member of the Krüppel-like family (KLF) that has been implicated as a putative tumor suppressor, interacts and forms a specific complex with HPV-16 E7. TIEG1 has been shown to mimic the effects of TGF-beta in various carcinoma cells and plays a critical role in the apoptotic cascade. Our results indicate that E7 binds to the C-terminus of TIEG1 and induces its degradation via the ubiquitin pathway. E7 not only increased the ubiquitination of TIEG1 but also influenced the ability of TIEG1 to affect apoptosis. Our results suggest that suppression of TIEG1-mediated signaling by E7 may contribute to HPV-associated carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Shu Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, ROC.
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19
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Guo X, Williams JG, Schug TT, Li X. DYRK1A and DYRK3 promote cell survival through phosphorylation and activation of SIRT1. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:13223-32. [PMID: 20167603 PMCID: PMC2857074 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.102574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DYRK1A (the dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A) plays an important role in body growth and brain physiology. Overexpression of this kinase has been associated with the development of Down syndrome in both human and animal models, whereas single copy loss-of-function of DYRK1A leads to increased apoptosis and decreased brain size. Although more than a dozen of DYRK1A targets have been identified, the molecular basis of its involvement in neuronal development remains unclear. Here we show that DYRK1A and another pro-survival member of the DYRK family, DYRK3, promote cell survival through phosphorylation and activation of SIRT1, an NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase that is essential in a variety of physiological processes including stress response and energy metabolism. DYRK1A and DYRK3 directly phosphorylate SIRT1 at Thr(522), promoting deacetylation of p53. A SIRT1 phosphorylation mimetic (SIRT1 T522D) displays elevated deacetylase activity, thus inhibiting cell apoptosis. Conversely, a SIRT1 dephosphorylation mimetic (SIRT1 T522V) fails to mediate DYRK-induced deacetylation of p53 and cell survival. We show that knockdown of endogenous DYRK1A and DYRK3 leads to hypophosphorylation of SIRT1, sensitizing cells to DNA damage-induced cell death. We also provide evidence that phosphorylation of Thr(522) activates SIRT1 by promoting product release, thereby increasing its enzymatic turnover. Taken together, our findings provide a novel mechanism by which two anti-apoptotic DYRK members promote cell survival through direct modification of SIRT1. These findings may have important implications in understanding the molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis, Down syndrome, and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Guo
- From the
Laboratory of Signal Transduction and
| | - Jason G. Williams
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, NIEHS, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
| | | | - Xiaoling Li
- From the
Laboratory of Signal Transduction and
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20
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Hamelet J, Noll C, Ripoll C, Paul JL, Janel N, Delabar JM. Effect of hyperhomocysteinemia on the protein kinase DYRK1A in liver of mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 378:673-7. [PMID: 19059382 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2008] [Accepted: 11/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia due to cystathionine beta synthase (CBS)-deficiency confers diverse clinical manifestations, notably liver diseases. Even if hyperhomocysteinemia in liver of CBS-deficient mice, a murine model of hyperhomocysteinemia, promotes mitochondrial oxidative stress and pro-apoptotic signals, protective signals may counteract these pro-apoptotic signals, leading to chronic inflammation. As DYRK1A, a serine/threonine kinase, has been described as a candidate antiapoptotic factor, we have analyzed the expression of DYRK1A in liver of CBS-deficient mice. We found that DYRK1A protein level was reduced in liver of CBS-deficient mice, which was not observed at the gene expression level. Moreover, the use of primary hepatocytes/Kupffer cells co-culture showed that degradation of DYRK1A induced by hyperhomocysteinemia requires calpain activation. Our results demonstrate a deleterious effect of hyperhomocysteinemia on DYRK1A protein expression, and emphasize the role of hyperhomocysteinemia on calpain activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Hamelet
- EA 3508 - case 7104, Univ Paris Diderot, 75205 Paris cedex 13, France
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21
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Laguna A, Aranda S, Barallobre MJ, Barhoum R, Fernández E, Fotaki V, Delabar JM, de la Luna S, de la Villa P, Arbonés ML. The protein kinase DYRK1A regulates caspase-9-mediated apoptosis during retina development. Dev Cell 2008; 15:841-53. [PMID: 19081073 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2008.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2008] [Revised: 10/23/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The precise regulation of programmed cell death is critical for the normal development of the nervous system. We show here that DYRK1A (minibrain), a protein kinase essential for normal growth, is a negative regulator of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in the developing retina. We provide evidence that changes in Dyrk1A gene dosage in the mouse strongly alter the cellularity of inner retina layers and result in severe functional alterations. We show that DYRK1A does not affect the proliferation or specification of retina progenitor cells, but rather regulates the number of cells that die by apoptosis. We demonstrate that DYRK1A phosphorylates caspase-9 on threonine residue 125, and that this phosphorylation event is crucial to protect retina cells from apoptotic cell death. Our data suggest a model in which dysregulation of the apoptotic response in differentiating neurons participates in the neuropathology of diseases that display DYRK1A gene-dosage imbalance effects, such as Down's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Laguna
- Center for Genomic Regulation, UPF, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Intrinsic structural disorder in adenovirus E1A: a viral molecular hub linking multiple diverse processes. J Virol 2008; 82:7252-63. [PMID: 18385237 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00104-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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23
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Maenz B, Hekerman P, Vela EM, Galceran J, Becker W. Characterization of the human DYRK1A promoter and its regulation by the transcription factor E2F1. BMC Mol Biol 2008; 9:30. [PMID: 18366763 PMCID: PMC2292204 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2199-9-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2007] [Accepted: 03/26/2008] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of the human DYRK1A gene due to the presence of a third gene copy in trisomy 21 is thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of Down syndrome. The observation of gene dosage effects in transgenic mouse models implies that subtle changes in expression levels can affect the correct function of the DYRK1A gene product. We have therefore characterized the promoter of the human DYRK1A gene in order to study its transcriptional regulation. RESULTS Transcription start sites of the human DYRK1A gene are distributed over 800 bp within a region previously identified as an unmethylated CpG island. We have identified a new alternative noncoding 5'-exon of the DYRK1A gene which is located 772 bp upstream of the previously described transcription start site. Transcription of the two splicing variants is controlled by non-overlapping promoter regions that can independently drive reporter gene expression. We found no evidence of cell- or tissue-specific promoter usage, but the two promoter regions differed in their activity and their regulation. The sequence upstream of exon 1A (promoter region A) induced about 10-fold higher reporter gene activity than the sequence upstream of exon 1B (promoter region B). Overexpression of the transcription factor E2F1 increased DYRK1A mRNA levels in Saos2 and Phoenix cells and enhanced the activity of promoter region B three- to fourfold. CONCLUSION The identification of two alternatively spliced transcripts whose transcription is initiated from differentially regulated promoters regions indicates that the expression of the DYRK1A gene is subject to complex control mechanisms. The regulatory effect of E2F1 suggests that DYRK1A may play a role in cell cycle regulation or apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Maenz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty of the RWTH Aachen University, Wendlingweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul Hekerman
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty of the RWTH Aachen University, Wendlingweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Eva M Vela
- Instituto de Neurociencias, CSIC – Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Campus de San Juan, 03550 San Juan (Alicante), Spain
| | - Juan Galceran
- Instituto de Neurociencias, CSIC – Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Campus de San Juan, 03550 San Juan (Alicante), Spain
| | - Walter Becker
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty of the RWTH Aachen University, Wendlingweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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