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Zhan H, Zhang Q, Zhang C, Cheng J, Yang Y, Liu C, Li S, Wang C, Yang J, Ge H, Zhou D, Li B, Wei H, Hu C. Targeted Activation of HNF4α by AMPK Inhibits Apoptosis and Ameliorates Neurological Injury Caused by Cardiac Arrest in Rats. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3129-3145. [PMID: 37338793 PMCID: PMC10471732 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that AMPK plays an important role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by participating in apoptosis, but the exact mechanism and target of action remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the protective mechanism of AMPK activation on brain injury secondary to cardiac arrest. HE, Nills and TUNEL assays were used to evaluate neuronal damage and apoptosis. The relationships between AMPK, HNF4α and apoptotic genes were verified by ChIP-seq, dual-luciferase and WB assays. The results showed that AMPK improved the 7-day memory function of rats, and reduced neuronal cell injury and apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region after ROSC, while the use of HNF4α inhibitor weakened the protective effect of AMPK. Further research found that AMPK positively regulated the expression of HNF4α, and AMPK could promote the expression of Bcl-2 and inhibit the expression of Bax and Cleaved-Caspase 3. In vitro experiments showed that AMPK ameliorated neuronal injury by inhibiting apoptosis through the activation of HNF4α. Combined with ChIP-seq, JASPAR analysis and Dual-luciferase assay, the binding site of HNF4α to the upstream promoter of Bcl-2 was found. Taken together, AMPK attenuates brain injury after CA by activating HNF4α to target Bcl-2 to inhibit apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohong Zhan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jingge Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yilin Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuhao Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chuyue Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Junqin Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hanmei Ge
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Dawang Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Hongyan Wei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Chunlin Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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2
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Rastinejad F. The protein architecture and allosteric landscape of HNF4α. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1219092. [PMID: 37732120 PMCID: PMC10507258 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1219092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) is a multi-faceted nuclear receptor responsible for governing the development and proper functioning of liver and pancreatic islet cells. Its transcriptional functions encompass the regulation of vital metabolic processes including cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism, and glucose sensing and control. Various genetic mutations and alterations in HNF4α are associated with diabetes, metabolic disorders, and cancers. From a structural perspective, HNF4α is one of the most comprehensively understood nuclear receptors due to its crystallographically observed architecture revealing interconnected DNA binding domains (DBDs) and ligand binding domains (LBDs). This review discusses key properties of HNF4α, including its mode of homodimerization, its binding to fatty acid ligands, the importance of post-translational modifications, and the mechanistic basis for allosteric functions. The surfaces linking HNF4α's DBDs and LBDs create a convergence zone that allows signals originating from any one domain to influence distant domains. The HNF4α-DNA complex serves as a prime illustration of how nuclear receptors utilize individual domains for specific functions, while also integrating these domains to create cohesive higher-order architectures that allow signal responsive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraydoon Rastinejad
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute (NDMRB), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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3
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Bellido Molias F, Sim A, Leong KW, An O, Song Y, Ng VHE, Lim MWJ, Ying C, Teo JXJ, Göke J, Chen L. Antisense RNAs Influence Promoter Usage of Their Counterpart Sense Genes in Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5849-5861. [PMID: 34649947 PMCID: PMC9397637 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Multiple noncoding natural antisense transcripts (ncNAT) are known to modulate key biological events such as cell growth or differentiation. However, the actual impact of ncNATs on cancer progression remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified a complete list of differentially expressed ncNATs in hepatocellular carcinoma. Among them, a previously undescribed ncNAT HNF4A-AS1L suppressed cancer cell growth by regulating its sense gene HNF4A, a well-known cancer driver, through a promoter-specific mechanism. HNF4A-AS1L selectively activated the HNF4A P1 promoter via HNF1A, which upregulated expression of tumor suppressor P1-driven isoforms, while having no effect on the oncogenic P2 promoter. RNA-seq data from 23 tissue and cancer types identified approximately 100 ncNATs whose expression correlated specifically with the activity of one promoter of their associated sense gene. Silencing of two of these ncNATs ENSG00000259357 and ENSG00000255031 (antisense to CERS2 and CHKA, respectively) altered the promoter usage of CERS2 and CHKA. Altogether, these results demonstrate that promoter-specific regulation is a mechanism used by ncNATs for context-specific control of alternative isoform expression of their counterpart sense genes. SIGNIFICANCE: This study characterizes a previously unexplored role of ncNATs in regulation of isoform expression of associated sense genes, highlighting a mechanism of alternative promoter usage in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andre Sim
- Computational and Systems Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ka Wai Leong
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Omer An
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yangyang Song
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vanessa Hui En Ng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Max Wei Jie Lim
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chen Ying
- Computational and Systems Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jasmin Xin Jia Teo
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Göke
- Computational and Systems Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore.,Corresponding Authors: Leilei Chen, National University of Singapore, Center for Translational Medicine (MD6), 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, S117599 Singapore. Phone: 65-6516-8435; Fax: 65-6516-1873; E-mail: ; and Jonathan Göke,
| | - Leilei Chen
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore.,Corresponding Authors: Leilei Chen, National University of Singapore, Center for Translational Medicine (MD6), 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, S117599 Singapore. Phone: 65-6516-8435; Fax: 65-6516-1873; E-mail: ; and Jonathan Göke,
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Teeli AS, Łuczyńska K, Haque E, Gayas MA, Winiarczyk D, Taniguchi H. Disruption of Tumor Suppressors HNF4α/HNF1α Causes Tumorigenesis in Liver. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215357. [PMID: 34771521 PMCID: PMC8582545 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (HNF4α) and hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α (HNF1α) are transcription factors that influence the development and maintenance of homeostasis in a variety of tissues, including the liver. As such, disruptions in their transcriptional networks can herald a number of pathologies, such as tumorigenesis. Largely considered tumor suppressants in liver cancer, these transcription factors regulate key events of inflammation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metabolic reprogramming, and the differentiation status of the cell. High-throughput analysis of cancer cell genomes has identified a number of hotspot mutations in HNF1α and HNF4α in liver cancer. Such results also showcase HNF1α and HNF4α as important therapeutic targets helping us step into the era of personalized medicine. In this review, we update current findings on the roles of HNF1α and HNF4α in liver cancer development and progression. It covers the molecular mechanisms of HNF1α and HNF4α dysregulation and also highlights the potential of HNF4α as a therapeutic target in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Salam Teeli
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; (A.S.T.); (K.Ł.); (E.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Kamila Łuczyńska
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; (A.S.T.); (K.Ł.); (E.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Effi Haque
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; (A.S.T.); (K.Ł.); (E.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Mohmmad Abrar Gayas
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-K, Jammu 19000, India;
| | - Dawid Winiarczyk
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; (A.S.T.); (K.Ł.); (E.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Hiroaki Taniguchi
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; (A.S.T.); (K.Ł.); (E.H.); (D.W.)
- Correspondence:
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5
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Wang Z, Zheng X, Wang X, Chen Y, Li Z, Yu J, Yang W, Mao B, Zhang H, Li J, Shen L. Genetic differences between lung metastases and liver metastases from left-sided microsatellite stable colorectal cancer: next generation sequencing and clinical implications. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:967. [PMID: 34277767 PMCID: PMC8267278 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Data regarding the clinical characteristics and outcomes of lung metastases (LuM) from colorectal cancer (CRC) are different from those of liver metastases (LiM) from CRC. However, little is known about the genetic features of LuM. This study aimed to identify the different genetic characteristics of LuM and LiM from left-sided microsatellite stable CRC. Methods Tissue samples of the primary tumors and paired metastases from 18 CRC patients with isolated LuM (LuM cohort), 18 patients with isolated LiM (LiM cohort), and 10 locally advanced CRC patients without metastases (control cohort) were selected for next-generation sequencing. Patients in the LiM cohort had matched clinicopathological characteristics with the LuM cohort. The single-nucleotide variations (SNVs), copy number variations (CNVs), pathway alterations, and tumor mutation burdens (TMBs) were also calculated and analyzed. Results The CNV results showed that ZFHX4, GATA2, and FAM131B amplifications were more common in the metastatic cohorts than in the control cohort, while RECQL4 and FLCN amplifications were common in the controls. The LuM cohort had significantly higher proportions of HNF4A, BRD4, and U2AF1 amplification. The LuM, LiM, and control cohorts were successfully separated using pathway alteration analysis. The LuM cohort had more frequent alterations in the RTK/RAS pathway, HIPPO pathway, KRAS, and MET than the LiM group. The LuM cohort also had relatively higher TMBs than the LiM cohort. Conclusions CNVs in primary tumors could identify patients with LuM. Targeting the HIPPO pathway or MET and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with other agents might be novel therapies for LuM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Zheng
- Genecast Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuxi, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yawei Chen
- Genecast Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuxi, China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- Department of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jianing Yu
- Genecast Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuxi, China
| | | | - Beibei Mao
- Genecast Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuxi, China
| | - Henghui Zhang
- Genecast Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wuxi, China.,Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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6
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Brex D, Barbagallo C, Mirabella F, Caponnetto A, Battaglia R, Barbagallo D, Caltabiano R, Broggi G, Memeo L, Di Pietro C, Purrello M, Ragusa M. LINC00483 Has a Potential Tumor-Suppressor Role in Colorectal Cancer Through Multiple Molecular Axes. Front Oncol 2021; 10:614455. [PMID: 33552987 PMCID: PMC7855711 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.614455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the most heterogeneous class of non-protein-coding RNAs involved in a broad spectrum of molecular mechanisms controlling genome function, including the generation of complex networks of RNA-RNA competitive interactions. Accordingly, their dysregulation contributes to the onset of many tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Through a combination of in silico approaches (statistical screening of expression datasets) and in vitro analyses (enforced expression, artificial inhibition, or activation of pathways), we identified LINC00483 as a potential tumor suppressor lncRNA in CRC. LINC00483 was downregulated in CRC biopsies and metastases and its decreased levels were associated with severe clinical features. Inhibition of the MAPK pathway and cell cycle arrest by starvation induced an upregulation of LINC00483, while the epithelial to mesenchymal transition activation by TGFβ-1 and IL-6 caused its down-modulation. Moreover, enforced expression of LINC00483 provoked a slowing down of cell migration rate without affecting cell proliferation. Since LINC00483 was predominantly cytoplasmic, we hypothesized a “miRNA sponge” role for it. Accordingly, we computationally reconstructed the LINC00483/miRNA/mRNA axes and evaluated the expression of mRNAs in different experimental conditions inducing LINC00483 alteration. By this approach, we identified a set of mRNAs sharing the miRNA response elements with LINC00483 and modulated in accordance with it. Moreover, we found that LINC00483 is potentially under negative control of transcription factor HNF4α. In conclusion, we propose that LINC00483 is a tumor suppressor in CRC that, through an RNA-RNA network, may control cell migration and participate in proliferation signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duilia Brex
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Barbagallo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Mirabella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Caponnetto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosalia Battaglia
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Barbagallo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosario Caltabiano
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Broggi
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology (IOM), Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Pietro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Michele Purrello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Ragusa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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7
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He Y, Chen L, Chen K, Sun Y. Immunohistochemical analysis of HNF4A and β-catenin expression to predict low-grade dysplasia in the colitis-neoplastic sequence. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:94-101. [PMID: 33300557 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmaa147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal studies indicated that P1 promoter-driven hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HFN4A) prevents carcinogenesis in colitis. But the function of total HNF4A protein has not been fully investigated, and it was assumed to be involved in the colitis-neoplastic sequence. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical value of total P1-/P2-driven HNF4A combined with β-catenin in the colitis-neoplastic sequence. A total of 69 samples, including 4 normal colon tissues, 16 sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues, 35 inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) tissues, and 14 IBD-associated low-grade dysplasia tissues, were collected to assess P1-/P2-driven HNF4A and β-catenin expressions by immunohistochemical assay. In addition, a colonic epithelial cell line Caco2 with stable P1-/P2-driven HNF4A knockdown was constructed. β-Catenin expression and skeleton structure were determined in the transfected cells by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assay respectively. Increased expression of nuclear P1-/P2-driven HNF4A was observed in the colitis-associated colorectal neoplasm and sporadic CRC samples, compared with that in colitis samples. The parallel alterations between cytoplasmic β-catenin and nuclear P1-/P2-driven HNF4A were also verified. Silencing of P1-/P2-driven HNF4A expression in Caco2 cells decreased β-catenin expression and F-actin formation. Our results confirmed the elevated expressions of nuclear P1-/P2-driven HNF4A and cytoplasmic β-catenin in the colitis-neoplastic sequence, and both of them may be used as potential biomarkers to predict low-grade dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping He
- Department of Endoscopy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lezong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
- Department of Hematologic Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Endoscopy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yunwei Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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8
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Lv DD, Zhou LY, Tang H. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α and cancer-related cell signaling pathways: a promising insight into cancer treatment. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:8-18. [PMID: 33462379 PMCID: PMC8080681 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-00551-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is described as a protein that binds to the promoters of specific genes. It controls the expression of functional genes and is also involved in the regulation of numerous cellular processes. A large number of studies have demonstrated that HNF4α is involved in many human malignancies. Abnormal expression of HNF4α is emerging as a critical factor in cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, dedifferentiation, and metastasis. In this review, we present emerging insights into the roles of HNF4α in the occurrence, progression, and treatment of cancer; reveal various mechanisms of HNF4α in cancer (e.g., the Wnt/β-catenin, nuclear factor-κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and transforming growth factor β signaling pathways); and highlight potential clinical uses of HNF4α as a biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo-Duo Lv
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ling-Yun Zhou
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hong Tang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Control of Cell Identity by the Nuclear Receptor HNF4 in Organ Pathophysiology. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102185. [PMID: 32998360 PMCID: PMC7600215 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 (HNF4) is a transcription factor (TF) belonging to the nuclear receptor family whose expression and activities are restricted to a limited number of organs including the liver and gastrointestinal tract. In this review, we present robust evidence pointing to HNF4 as a master regulator of cellular differentiation during development and a safekeeper of acquired cell identity in adult organs. Importantly, we discuss that transient loss of HNF4 may represent a protective mechanism upon acute organ injury, while prolonged impairment of HNF4 activities could contribute to organ dysfunction. In this context, we describe in detail mechanisms involved in the pathophysiological control of cell identity by HNF4, including how HNF4 works as part of cell-specific TF networks and how its expression/activities are disrupted in injured organs.
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10
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Abu N, Othman N, W Hon K, Nazarie WF, Jamal R. Integrative meta-analysis for the identification of hub genes in chemoresistant colorectal cancer. Biomark Med 2020; 14:525-537. [PMID: 32462912 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2019-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Finding a new target or a new drug to overcome chemoresistance is difficult due to the heterogenous nature of cancer. Meta-analysis was performed to combine the analysis of different microarray studies to get a robust discovery. Materials & methods: Herein, we analyzed three microarray datasets on combination of folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin drugs (FOLFOX) resistance that fit our inclusion/exclusion criteria and performed a meta-analysis using the OmiCC system. Results: We identified several deregulated genes and we discovered HNF4A as a hub gene. We performed functional validation and observed that by targeting HNF4A, HCT116 cells were more sensitive toward both oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil significantly. Conclusion: Our findings show that HNF4A could be a potential target in overcoming FOLFOX chemoresistance in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadiah Abu
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norahayu Othman
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kha W Hon
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Fwm Nazarie
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Jamal
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Xu C, Ooi WF, Qamra A, Tan J, Chua BYJ, Ho SWT, Das K, Adam Isa ZF, Li Z, Yao X, Yan T, Xing M, Huang KK, Lin JS, Nandi T, Tay ST, Lee MH, Tan ALK, Ong X, Ashktorab H, Smoot D, Li S, Ng SC, Teh BT, Tan P. HNF4α pathway mapping identifies wild-type IDH1 as a targetable metabolic node in gastric cancer. Gut 2020; 69:231-242. [PMID: 31068366 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-318025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality. Previous studies have shown that hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (HNF4α) is specifically overexpressed in GC and functionally required for GC development. In this study, we investigated, on a genome-wide scale, target genes of HNF4α and oncogenic pathways driven by HNF4α and HNF4α target genes. DESIGN We performed HNF4α chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing across multiple GC cell lines, integrating HNF4α occupancy data with (epi)genomic and transcriptome data of primary GCs to define HNF4α target genes of in vitro and in vivo relevance. To investigate mechanistic roles of HNF4α and HNF4α targets, we performed cancer metabolic measurements, drug treatments and functional assays including murine xenograft experiments. RESULTS Gene expression analysis across 19 tumour types revealed HNF4α to be specifically upregulated in GCs. Unbiased pathway analysis revealed organic acid metabolism as the top HNF4α-regulated pathway, orthogonally supported by metabolomic analysis. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) emerged as a convergent HNF4α direct target gene regulating GC metabolism. We show that wild-type IDH1 is essential for GC cell survival, and that certain GC cells can be targeted by IDH1 inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight a role for HNF4α in sustaining GC oncogenic metabolism, through the regulation of IDH1. Drugs targeting wild-type IDH1 may thus have clinical utility in GCs exhibiting HNF4α overexpression, expanding the role of IDH1 in cancer beyond IDH1/2 mutated malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Fong Ooi
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aditi Qamra
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Tan
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Department of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Benjamin Yan-Jiang Chua
- Agency for Science Technology and Research, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shamaine Wei Ting Ho
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kakoli Das
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zul Fazreen Adam Isa
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhimei Li
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Department of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaosai Yao
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tingdong Yan
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Manjie Xing
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kie Kyon Huang
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joyce Suling Lin
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tannistha Nandi
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su Ting Tay
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ming Hui Lee
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angie Lay Keng Tan
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xuewen Ong
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Duane Smoot
- Department of Internal Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Shang Li
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shyh-Chang Ng
- Agency for Science Technology and Research, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bin Tean Teh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Department of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patrick Tan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,SingHealth/Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Gastric Cancer Consortium, Singapore, Singapore
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12
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Babeu JP, Wilson SD, Lambert É, Lévesque D, Boisvert FM, Boudreau F. Quantitative Proteomics Identifies DNA Repair as a Novel Biological Function for Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E626. [PMID: 31060309 PMCID: PMC6562498 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) is a transcription factor that acts as a master regulator of genes for several endoderm-derived tissues, including the intestine, in which it plays a central role during development and tumorigenesis. To better define the mechanisms by which HNF4α can influence these processes, we identified proteins interacting with HNF4α using stable isotope labelling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based quantitative proteomics with either immunoprecipitation of green fluorescent protein (GFP) or with proximity-dependent purification by the biotin ligase BirA (BioID), both fused to HNF4α. Surprisingly, these analyses identified a significant enrichment of proteins characterized with a role in DNA repair, a so far unidentified biological feature of this transcription factor. Several of these proteins including PARP1, RAD50, and DNA-PKcs were confirmed to interact with HNF4α in colorectal cancer cell lines. Following DNA damage, HNF4α was able to increase cell viability in colorectal cancer cells. Overall, these observations identify a potential role for this transcription factor during the DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Babeu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada.
| | - Samuel D Wilson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada.
| | - Élie Lambert
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada.
| | - Dominique Lévesque
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada.
| | - François-Michel Boisvert
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada.
| | - François Boudreau
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, 3201 Rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, QC J1E 4K8, Canada.
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13
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Ko HL, Zhuo Z, Ren EC. HNF4α Combinatorial Isoform Heterodimers Activate Distinct Gene Targets that Differ from Their Corresponding Homodimers. Cell Rep 2019; 26:2549-2557.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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14
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Babeu JP, Jones C, Geha S, Carrier JC, Boudreau F. P1 promoter-driven HNF4α isoforms are specifically repressed by β-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer cells. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.214734. [PMID: 29898915 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.214734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
HNF4α is a key nuclear receptor for regulating gene expression in the gut. Although both P1 and P2 isoform classes of HNF4α are expressed in colonic epithelium, specific inhibition of P1 isoforms is commonly found in colorectal cancer. Previous studies have suggested that P1 and P2 isoforms might regulate different cellular functions. Despite these advances, it remains unclear whether these isoform classes are functionally divergent in the context of human biology. Here, the consequences of specific inhibition of P1 or P2 isoform expression was measured in a human colorectal cancer cell transcriptome. Results indicate that P1 isoforms were specifically associated with the control of cell metabolism, whereas P2 isoforms globally supported aberrant oncogenic signalization, promoting cancer cell survival and progression. P1 promoter-driven isoform expression was found to be repressed by β-catenin, one of the earliest oncogenic pathways to be activated during colon tumorigenesis. These findings identify a novel cascade by which the expression of P1 isoforms is rapidly shut down in the early stages of colon tumorigenesis, allowing a change in HNF4α-dependent transcriptome, thereby promoting colorectal cancer progression.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Babeu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, J1E4K8
| | - Christine Jones
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, J1E4K8
| | - Sameh Geha
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, J1E4K8
| | - Julie C Carrier
- Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, J1E4K8
| | - François Boudreau
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research Pavilion, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, J1E4K8.
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15
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Tarasiuk A, Mosińska P, Fichna J. The mechanisms linking obesity to colon cancer: An overview. Obes Res Clin Pract 2018; 12:251-259. [PMID: 29428365 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity, characterised as a chronic low-grade inflammation is a crucial risk factor for colon cancer. The expansion of the adipose tissue is related to elevated triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels and hyperinsulinemia, which all are presumed mediators of the tumour development. Obesity is also believed to support carcinogenesis by activating the insulin/IGF-1 pathway. Moreover, obesity increases the level of proinflammatory cytokines (e.g. TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-6) and has a significant impact on selected adipokines. This paper briefly outlines the latest evidence of the linkage between the obesity and colon cancer and discusses its possible implication for the improvement of anticancer prevention and treatment strategies connected with nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Tarasiuk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Paula Mosińska
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Fichna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
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16
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Lim LC, Lim YM. Proteome Heterogeneity in Colorectal Cancer. Proteomics 2018; 18. [PMID: 29316255 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity is an important feature of colorectal cancer (CRC) manifested by dynamic changes in gene expression, protein expression, and availability of different tumor subtypes. Recent publications in the past 10 years have revealed proteome heterogeneity between different colorectal tumors and within the same tumor site. This paper reviews recent research works on the proteome heterogeneity in CRC, which includes the heterogeneity within a single tumor (intratumor heterogeneity), between different anatomical sites at the same organ, and between primary and metastatic sites (intertumor heterogeneity). The potential use of proteome heterogeneity in precision medicine and its implications in biomarker discovery and therapeutic outcomes will be discussed. Identification of the unique proteome landscape between and within individual tumors is imperative for understanding cancer biology and the management of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lay Cheng Lim
- Centre for Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Tunku Abdul Rahman, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yang Mooi Lim
- Centre for Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Tunku Abdul Rahman, Selangor, Malaysia
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17
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Dhiman VK, Bolt MJ, White KP. Nuclear receptors in cancer — uncovering new and evolving roles through genomic analysis. Nat Rev Genet 2017; 19:160-174. [DOI: 10.1038/nrg.2017.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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18
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Ma Y, Wei X, Wu Z. HNF-4α promotes multidrug resistance of gastric cancer cells through the modulation of cell apoptosis. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:6477-6484. [PMID: 29344114 PMCID: PMC5754880 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) typically leads to treatment failure, and is associated with disease progression of gastric cancer (GC). In the present study, a total of 15 aberrantly activated transcription factors (TFs) were detected in chemo-resistant GC cells using a TF Activation Profiling Plate Array. Among these TFs, hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4α was significantly upregulated in multidrug-resistant GC cells (P=0.019). The overexpression of HNF-4α was able to cause resistance to multiple chemotherapeutics, whereas inhibition of HNF-4α appeared to reverse cancer cell resistance. Further studies demonstrated that HNF-4α had no clear influence on drug transportation; however, inhibition of drug-induced cell apoptosis occurred as B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression increased in GC cells. Additionally, immunohistochemistry demonstrated that HNF-4α was overexpressed in human GC tissues, and associated with tumor stage and lymph node metastasis. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate the involvement of TFs in MDR in GC, and suggest that HNF-4α may enhance MDR in GC by regulating cell apoptosis and Bcl-2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Ma
- The First Clinical College, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xufu Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Zhongjun Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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19
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Tentu S, Nandarapu K, Muthuraj P, Venkitasamy K, Venkatraman G, Rayala SK. DHQZ-17, a potent inhibitor of the transcription factor HNF4A, suppresses tumorigenicity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in vivo. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:2613-2628. [PMID: 28782802 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2, 3-dihydroquinazolinone derivatives were synthesized, characterized and their anticancer activity was determined. Among the compounds synthesized and screened, one compound (17) showed potent anticancer activity against human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line, SCC131 and was non-toxic to normal cells. The compound inhibited the growth of SCC131 cells, with an IC50 of 1.75 μM, triggered apoptotic mode of cell death and caused tumor regression of SCC131 tumor xenografts in athymic mice. To decipher the target for the lead compound, a high throughput qPCR array was performed. Results showed that the compound 17, inhibited the expression of a vital transcription factor HNF4A, involved in regulation of metabolic pathways. Thus, the present work has identified a lead compound 17, with potent anticancer activity, minimal normal cell toxicity and a plausible target and hence definitely holds future prospects as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Tentu
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Chennai, India
| | - Kumarswamyreddy Nandarapu
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Chennai, India
| | - Prakash Muthuraj
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Chennai, India
| | - Kesavan Venkitasamy
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Chennai, India
| | - Ganesh Venkatraman
- Department of Human Genetics, College of Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Research, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, India
| | - Suresh K Rayala
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IITM), Chennai, India
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20
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Inhibitory effects of metachromin A on hepatitis B virus production via impairment of the viral promoter activity. Antiviral Res 2017; 145:136-145. [PMID: 28827084 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The currently available antiviral agents for chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) are pegylated interferon-α and nucleoside/nucleotide analogues, although it has been difficult to completely eliminate covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) from patients. To identify an antiviral compound targeting HBV core promoter, 15 terpenes originating from marine organisms were screened using a cell line expressing firefly luciferase under the control of the HBV core promoter. Metachromin A, which is a merosesquiterpene isolated from the marine sponge Dactylospongia metachromia, inhibited the viral promoter activity at the highest level among the tested compounds, and suppressed HBV production with an EC50 value of 0.8 μM regardless of interferon signaling and cytotoxicity. The analysis on the structure-activity relationship revealed that the hydroquinone moiety, and the double bonds at carbon numbers-5 and -9 in metachromin A are crucial for anti-HBV activity. Furthermore, metachromin A reduced the protein level but not the RNA level of hepatic nuclear factor 4α, which mainly upregulates the activities of enhancer I/X promoter and enhancer II/core promoter. These results suggest that metachromin A can inhibit HBV production via impairment of the viral promoter activity. Antiviral agents targeting the viral promoter may ameliorate HBV-related disorders regardless of remaining cccDNA.
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21
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Hayakawa S, Saito K, Miyoshi N, Ohishi T, Oishi Y, Miyoshi M, Nakamura Y. Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea by Either Anti- or Pro- Oxidative Mechanisms. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 17:1649-54. [PMID: 27221834 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.4.1649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea derived from the leaves and buds of Camellia sinensis (Theaceae) is consumed worldwide. Green tea contains various components with specific health-promoting effects, and is believed to exert protective effects against diseases including cancer, diabetes and hepatitis, as well as obesity. Of the various tea components, the polyphenol catechins have been the subject of extensive investigation and among the catechins, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate has the strongest bioactivity in most cases. Our research group has postulated that hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α, sterol regulatory element-binding proteins, and tumor necrosis factor-α are targets of green tea constituents including (-)-epigallocatechin gallate for their anti-diabetes, anti-obesity, and anti-hepatitis effects, respectively. Published papers were reviewed to determine whether the observed changes in these factors can be correlated with anti-cancer effects of green tea. Two major action mechanisms of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate have been proposed; one associated with its anti-oxidative properties and the other with its pro-oxidative activity. When reactive oxygen species are assumed to be involved, our findings that (-)-epigallocatechin gallate down- regulated hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α, sterol regulatory element-binding proteins, and tumor necrosis factor-α may explain the anti-cancer effect of green tea as well. However, further studies are required to elucidate which determinant directs (-)-epigallocatechin gallate action as an anti-oxidant or a pro-oxidant for favorable activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumio Hayakawa
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan E-mail : hayakawa.
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22
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Park EJ, Sang-Ngern M, Chang LC, Pezzuto JM. Induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis with downregulation of Hsp90 client proteins and histone modification by 4β-hydroxywithanolide E isolated from Physalis peruviana. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 60:1482-500. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201500977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Park
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy; University of Hawai‘i at Hilo; Hilo HI USA
- Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; Long Island University; Brooklyn NY USA
| | - Mayuramas Sang-Ngern
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy; University of Hawai‘i at Hilo; Hilo HI USA
| | - Leng Chee Chang
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy; University of Hawai‘i at Hilo; Hilo HI USA
| | - John M. Pezzuto
- Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy; University of Hawai‘i at Hilo; Hilo HI USA
- Arnold and Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; Long Island University; Brooklyn NY USA
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23
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Prevention of diabetes-promoted colorectal cancer by (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids and (n-3) PUFA mimetic. Oncotarget 2015; 5:9851-63. [PMID: 25375205 PMCID: PMC4259442 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The global obesity / diabetes epidemic has resulted in robust increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). Epidemiological, animal and human studies have indicated efficacy of (n-3) PUFA in chemoprevention of sporadic and genetic-driven CRC. However, diabetes-promoted CRC presents a treatment challenge that surpasses that of sporadic CRC. This report analyzes the efficacy of (n-3) PUFA generated by the fat-1 transgene that encodes an (n-6) to (n-3) PUFA desaturase, and of synthetic (n-3) PUFA mimetic (MEDICA analog), to suppress CRC development in carcinogen-induced diabetes-promoted animal model. Carcinogen-induced CRC is shown here to be promoted by the diabetes context, in terms of increased aberrant crypt foci (ACF) load, cell proliferation and epithelial dedifferentiation, being accompanied by increase in the expression of HNF4α, β-catenin, and β-catenin-responsive genes. Incorporating the fat-1 transgene in the diabetes context, or oral MEDICA treatment, resulted in ameliorating the diabetic phenotype and in abrogating CRC, with decrease in ACF load, cell proliferation and the expression of HNF-4α, β-catenin, and β-catenin-responsive genes. The specificity of (n-3) PUFA in abrogating CRC development, as contrasted with enhancing CRC by (n-6) PUFA, was similarly verified in CRC cell lines. These findings may indicate prospective therapeutic potential of (n-3) PUFA or MEDICA in the management of CRC, in particular diabetes-promoted CRC.
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24
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Chia NY, Deng N, Das K, Huang D, Hu L, Zhu Y, Lim KH, Lee MH, Wu J, Sam XX, Tan GS, Wan WK, Yu W, Gan A, Tan ALK, Tay ST, Soo KC, Wong WK, Dominguez LTM, Ng HH, Rozen S, Goh LK, Teh BT, Tan P. Regulatory crosstalk between lineage-survival oncogenes KLF5, GATA4 and GATA6 cooperatively promotes gastric cancer development. Gut 2015; 64:707-19. [PMID: 25053715 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gastric cancer (GC) is a deadly malignancy for which new therapeutic strategies are needed. Three transcription factors, KLF5, GATA4 and GATA6, have been previously reported to exhibit genomic amplification in GC. We sought to validate these findings, investigate how these factors function to promote GC, and identify potential treatment strategies for GCs harbouring these amplifications. DESIGN KLF5, GATA4 and GATA6 copy number and gene expression was examined in multiple GC cohorts. Chromatin immunoprecipitation with DNA sequencing was used to identify KLF5/GATA4/GATA6 genomic binding sites in GC cell lines, and integrated with transcriptomics to highlight direct target genes. Phenotypical assays were conducted to assess the function of these factors in GC cell lines and xenografts in nude mice. RESULTS KLF5, GATA4 and GATA6 amplifications were confirmed in independent GC cohorts. Although factor amplifications occurred in distinct sets of GCs, they exhibited significant mRNA coexpression in primary GCs, consistent with KLF5/GATA4/GATA6 cross-regulation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation with DNA sequencing revealed a large number of genomic sites co-occupied by KLF5 and GATA4/GATA6, primarily located at gene promoters and exhibiting higher binding strengths. KLF5 physically interacted with GATA factors, supporting KLF5/GATA4/GATA6 cooperative regulation on co-occupied genes. Depletion and overexpression of these factors, singly or in combination, reduced and promoted cancer proliferation, respectively, in vitro and in vivo. Among the KLF5/GATA4/GATA6 direct target genes relevant for cancer development, one target gene, HNF4α, was also required for GC proliferation and could be targeted by the antidiabetic drug metformin, revealing a therapeutic opportunity for KLF5/GATA4/GATA6 amplified GCs. CONCLUSIONS KLF5/GATA4/GATA6 may promote GC development by engaging in mutual crosstalk, collaborating to maintain a pro-oncogenic transcriptional regulatory network in GC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Yu Chia
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore A*STAR-Duke-NUS Neuroscience Partnership, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Niantao Deng
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kakoli Das
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dachuan Huang
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Longyu Hu
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yansong Zhu
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kiat Hon Lim
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ming-Hui Lee
- Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeanie Wu
- Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xin Xiu Sam
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gek San Tan
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Keat Wan
- Department of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Willie Yu
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anna Gan
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angie Lay Keng Tan
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su-Ting Tay
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Khee Chee Soo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai Keong Wong
- Dept of General Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Huck-Hui Ng
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Steve Rozen
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore A*STAR-Duke-NUS Neuroscience Partnership, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Liang-Kee Goh
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bin-Tean Teh
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patrick Tan
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Roshan-Moniri M, Hsing M, Butler MS, Cherkasov A, Rennie PS. Orphan nuclear receptors as drug targets for the treatment of prostate and breast cancers. Cancer Treat Rev 2015; 40:1137-52. [PMID: 25455729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs), a family of 48 transcriptional factors, have been studied intensively for their roles in cancer development and progression. The presence of distinctive ligand binding sites capable of interacting with small molecules has made NRs attractive targets for developing cancer therapeutics. In particular, a number of drugs have been developed over the years to target human androgen- and estrogen receptors for the treatment of prostate cancer and breast cancer. In contrast, orphan nuclear receptors (ONRs), which in many cases lack known biological functions or ligands, are still largely under investigated. This review is a summary on ONRs that have been implicated in prostate and breast cancers, specifically retinoic acid-receptor-related orphan receptors (RORs), liver X receptors (LXRs), chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factors (COUP-TFs), estrogen related receptors (ERRs), nerve growth factor 1B-like receptors, and ‘‘dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia critical region, on chromosome X, gene 1’’ (DAX1). Discovery and development of small molecules that can bind at various functional sites on these ONRs will help determine their biological functions. In addition, these molecules have the potential to act as prototypes for future drug development. Ultimately, the therapeutic value of targeting the ONRs may go well beyond prostate and breast cancers.
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Kwon SM, Jung YY, Hwang CJ, Park MH, Yoon NY, Kim TM, Yu JM, Kim DH, Seo DW, Youn HS, Seo HO, Chung IS, Han SB, Hwang BY, Yoo HS, Jung JK, Lee H, Hong JT. Anti-cancer effect of N-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-chloro-2,3-dihydronaphtho[1,2-b]furan-2-carboxamide, a novel synthetic compound. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:659-70. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 12/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Mi Kwon
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Yu Yeon Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Chul Ju Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Mi Hee Park
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Na Young Yoon
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Tae Myung Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Ji Myung Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Dae Hwan Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Doo Won Seo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Hyu Seok Youn
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Hyun Ok Seo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - In Sung Chung
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Sang Bae Han
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Bang Yeon Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Hwan-Soo Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Jae-Kyung Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Heesoon Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
| | - Jin Tae Hong
- College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center; Chungbuk National University; Chungbuk Korea
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27
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Yao HS, Wang J, Zhang XP, Wang LZ, Wang Y, Li XX, Jin KZ, Hu ZQ, Wang WJ. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α suppresses the aggravation of colon carcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:458-72. [PMID: 25808746 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hou Shan Yao
- Department of General Surgery; Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; 415 Feng Yang Road; Shanghai China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of General Surgery; Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; 415 Feng Yang Road; Shanghai China
| | - Xiao Ping Zhang
- Medical Intervention Engineering; Tongji University; North Zhongshan Road; Shanghai China
| | - Liang Zhe Wang
- Department of pathology; Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; 415 Feng Yang Road; Shanghai China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of General Surgery; Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; 415 Feng Yang Road; Shanghai China
| | - Xin Xing Li
- Department of General Surgery; Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; 415 Feng Yang Road; Shanghai China
| | - Kai Zhou Jin
- Department of General Surgery; Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; 415 Feng Yang Road; Shanghai China
| | - Zhi Qian Hu
- Department of General Surgery; Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; 415 Feng Yang Road; Shanghai China
| | - Wei Jun Wang
- Department of General Surgery; Shanghai Chang Zheng Hospital; Second Military Medical University; 415 Feng Yang Road; Shanghai China
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Xiang X, Zhao X, Qu H, Li D, Yang D, Pu J, Mei H, Zhao J, Huang K, Zheng L, Tong Q. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha promotes the invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis of neuroblastoma cells via targeting matrix metalloproteinase 14. Cancer Lett 2015; 359:187-97. [PMID: 25592038 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Revised: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP-14) is the only membrane-anchored MMP that plays critical roles in tumorigenesis and aggressiveness. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying the high MMP-14 expression in neuroblastoma (NB), a highly malignant tumor in childhood, still remain unclear. Herein, we applied an integrative approach to analyze the public datasets, and identified hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) as a crucial transcription factor facilitating the MMP-14 expression in NB. In clinical NB tissues, HNF4α was up-regulated and positively correlated with MMP-14 expression, and was an independent prognostic factor for unfavorable outcome of patients. Luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated that HNF4α directly targeted the binding site within the MMP-14 promoter to facilitate its transcription. Knockdown of HNF4α suppressed the invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis of NB cells in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, ectopic expression of HNF4α promoted the invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis of NB cells. Importantly, restoration of MMP-14 expression prevented the tumor cells from HNF4α-mediated changes in these biological features. Taken together, HNF4α exhibits oncogenic activity that affects the aggressiveness and angiogenesis of NB through activating the transcription of MMP-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Xiang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hongxia Qu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Dehua Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiarui Pu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hong Mei
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jihe Zhao
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinical Center of Human Genomic Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Liduan Zheng
- Clinical Center of Human Genomic Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Qiangsong Tong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China; Clinical Center of Human Genomic Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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Proteogenomic characterization of human colon and rectal cancer. Nature 2014; 513:382-7. [PMID: 25043054 DOI: 10.1038/nature13438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1026] [Impact Index Per Article: 102.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Extensive genomic characterization of human cancers presents the problem of inference from genomic abnormalities to cancer phenotypes. To address this problem, we analysed proteomes of colon and rectal tumours characterized previously by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and perform integrated proteogenomic analyses. Somatic variants displayed reduced protein abundance compared to germline variants. Messenger RNA transcript abundance did not reliably predict protein abundance differences between tumours. Proteomics identified five proteomic subtypes in the TCGA cohort, two of which overlapped with the TCGA 'microsatellite instability/CpG island methylation phenotype' transcriptomic subtype, but had distinct mutation, methylation and protein expression patterns associated with different clinical outcomes. Although copy number alterations showed strong cis- and trans-effects on mRNA abundance, relatively few of these extend to the protein level. Thus, proteomics data enabled prioritization of candidate driver genes. The chromosome 20q amplicon was associated with the largest global changes at both mRNA and protein levels; proteomics data highlighted potential 20q candidates, including HNF4A (hepatocyte nuclear factor 4, alpha), TOMM34 (translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 34) and SRC (SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase). Integrated proteogenomic analysis provides functional context to interpret genomic abnormalities and affords a new paradigm for understanding cancer biology.
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30
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Kiselyuk A, Lee SH, Farber-Katz S, Zhang M, Athavankar S, Cohen T, Pinkerton AB, Ye M, Bushway P, Richardson AD, Hostetler HA, Rodriguez-Lee M, Huang L, Spangler B, Smith L, Higginbotham J, Cashman J, Freeze H, Itkin-Ansari P, Dawson MI, Schroeder F, Cang Y, Mercola M, Levine F. HNF4α antagonists discovered by a high-throughput screen for modulators of the human insulin promoter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19:806-18. [PMID: 22840769 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2011] [Revised: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)4α is a central regulator of gene expression in cell types that play a critical role in metabolic homeostasis, including hepatocytes, enterocytes, and pancreatic β cells. Although fatty acids were found to occupy the HNF4α ligand-binding pocket and were proposed to act as ligands, there is controversy about both the nature of HNF4α ligands as well as the physiological role of the binding. Here, we report the discovery of potent synthetic HNF4α antagonists through a high-throughput screen for effectors of the human insulin promoter. These molecules bound to HNF4α with high affinity and modulated the expression of known HNF4α target genes. Notably, they were found to be selectively cytotoxic to cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo, although in vivo potency was limited by suboptimal pharmacokinetic properties. The discovery of bioactive modulators for HNF4α raises the possibility that diseases involving HNF4α, such as diabetes and cancer, might be amenable to pharmacologic intervention by modulation of HNF4α activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Kiselyuk
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Algamas-Dimantov A, Yehuda-Shnaidman E, Peri I, Schwartz B. Epigenetic control of HNF-4α in colon carcinoma cells affects MUC4 expression and malignancy. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2013; 36:155-67. [PMID: 23307400 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-012-0123-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously found that enhanced expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF-4α) is associated with hyper-proliferation of colon carcinoma cells. Here, the effect of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors on proliferation and the expression of HNF-4α and its downstream target genes were assessed in HM7, LS174T, HT29 and Caco-2 colon carcinoma cell lines. RESULTS HNF-4α expression was found to vary in the different colon carcinoma cell lines tested, being highest in HM7. Additionally, a direct correlation with proliferation was observed. In HM7 cells, the weak HDAC inhibitor butyrate significantly inhibited the transcription of HNF-4α, its downstream target gene MUC4, and genes associated with proliferation, including the proliferating cell nuclear antigen gene PCNA. siRNA-mediated silencing of HNF-4α exerted an effect similar to butyrate on HM7 cell proliferation. The stronger HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) exerted an effect similar to that of siRNA-mediated HNF-4α silencing and, concomitantly, inhibited the expression of the transcription factor gene SP1. Also, siRNA-mediated silencing of HDAC3 and HDAC4 reduced HNF-4α expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays revealed that TSA induces hyperacetylation of histones H3 and H4 and, concomitantly, inhibits SP1 binding to the HNF-4α promoter. Subsequent electromobility shift assays supported these latter findings. CONCLUSIONS HNF-4α transcriptional expression and activity are tightly controlled by epigenetic mechanisms. HDAC inhibitor targeting of HNF-4α may serve as an effective treatment for advanced colon carcinomas, since downstream cancer-associated target genes such as MUC4 are significantly down-regulated by this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Algamas-Dimantov
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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Yehuda-Shnaidman E, Schwartz B. Mechanisms linking obesity, inflammation and altered metabolism to colon carcinogenesis. Obes Rev 2012; 13:1083-95. [PMID: 22937964 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2012.01024.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Due to its prevalence, obesity is now considered a global epidemic. It is linked to increased risk of colorectal cancer, the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of death among adults in Western countries. Obese adipose tissue differs from lean adipose tissue in its immunogenic profile, body fat distribution and metabolic profile. Obese adipose tissue releases free fatty acids, adipokines and many pro-inflammatory chemokines. These factors are known to play a key role in regulating malignant transformation and cancer progression. Obese adipose tissue is infiltrated by macrophages that participate in inflammatory pathways activated within the tissue. Adipose tissue macrophages consist of two different phenotypes. M1 macrophages reside in obese adipose tissue and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, and M2 macrophages reside in lean adipose tissue and produce anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-10 (IL-10). The metabolic networks that confer tumour cells with their oncogenic properties, such as increased proliferation and the ability to avoid apoptosis are still not well understood. We review the interactions between adipocytes and immune cells that may alter the metabolism towards promotion of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Yehuda-Shnaidman
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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33
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Chellappa K, Robertson GR, Sladek FM. HNF4α: a new biomarker in colon cancer? Biomark Med 2012; 6:297-300. [PMID: 22731903 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.12.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Pervin M, Paeng N, Yasui K, Imai S, Isemura M, Yokogoshi H, Nakayama T. Effects of Lens culinaris agglutinin on gene expression of gluconeogenic enzymes in the mouse intestine. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2012; 92:857-861. [PMID: 21969243 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2010] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lectins are proteins that bind specifically to the carbohydrate moiety of glyco-conjugates. Japanese mistletoe lectin given intragastrically affected cytokine gene expression in the mouse intestine. This study examines the actions of Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA) on the gene expression of gluconeogenic enzymes in the intestine. RESULTS The results of quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction indicated that LCA caused an up-regulation of the gene expression of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK). This change was correlated with an increase in the expression of two transcription factors, HNF1α and HNF4α. Experiments using human colonic cancer Caco-2 cells demonstrated that LCA up-regulated the gene expression of G6Pase and PEPCK whereas insulin had the opposite effect. In addition, the observed up-regulation of HNF4α gene expression in the duodenum raises the possibility that the lectin promotes the colorectal cancer. CONCLUSION Lentil beans should be cooked well to avoid unfavourable effects of LCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monira Pervin
- Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences and Global COE, University of Shizuoka, Yada, Shizuoka, Japan
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Algamas-Dimantov A, Davidovsky D, Ben-Ari J, Kang JX, Peri I, Hertz R, Bar-Tana J, Schwartz B. Amelioration of diabesity-induced colorectal ontogenesis by omega-3 fatty acids in mice. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:1056-70. [PMID: 22357704 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m021949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Postnatal intestinal ontogenesis in an animal model of diabesity may recapitulate morphological and transduction features of diabesity-induced intestinal dysplasia and its amelioration by endogenous (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Proliferation, differentiation, and transduction aspects of intestinal ontogenesis have been studied here in obese, insulin-resistant db/db mice, in fat-1 transgene coding for desaturation of (n-6) PUFA into (n-3) PUFA, in db/db crossed with fat-1 mice, and in control mice. Diabesity resulted in increased colonic proliferation and dedifferentiation of epithelial colonocytes and goblet cells, with increased colonic β-catenin and hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-4α transcriptional activities accompanied by enrichment in HNF-4α-bound (n-6) PUFA. In contrast, in fat-1 mice, colonic proliferation was restrained, accompanied by differentiation of crypt stem cells into epithelial colonocytes and goblet cells and by decrease in colonic β-catenin and HNF-4α transcriptional activities, with concomitant enrichment in HNF-4α-bound (n-3) PUFA at the expense of (n-6) PUFA. Colonic proliferation and differentiation, the profile of β-catenin and HNF-4α-responsive genes, and the composition of HNF-4α-bound PUFA of db/db mice reverted to wild-type by introducing the fat-1 gene into the db/db context. Suppression of intestinal HNF-4α activity by (n-3) PUFA may ameliorate diabesity-induced intestinal ontogenesis and offer an effective preventive modality for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Algamas-Dimantov
- Institute of Biochemistry, Food Science, and Nutrition and Interdepartmental Equipment Facility, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Yasui K, Tanabe H, Miyoshi N, Suzuki T, Goto S, Taguchi K, Ishigami Y, Paeng N, Fukutomi R, Imai S, Isemura M. Effects of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate on expression of gluconeogenesis-related genes in the mouse duodenum. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 32:313-20. [PMID: 22033300 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.32.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Green tea has been shown to have many beneficial health effects. We have previously reported that dietary (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol in green tea, reduced gene expressions of gluconeogenic enzymes, glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), in the normal mouse liver. In the present study, we examined the effects of intragastrical administration of EGCG on the expression of gluconeogenesis-related genes in the mouse intestine. The results of experiments with the semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction indicated that EGCG at 0.6 mg/head caused a reduced expression of G6Pase, PEPCK, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1α (HNF1α), and HNF4α. Experiments using the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed these effects. We then examined the effects of EGCG using human colon carcinoma Caco-2 cells stimulated with dexamethasone and dibutyryl cAMP. The results were generally consistent with those from the experiments in vivo. The present findings suggest EGCG to contribute to the beneficial effects of green tea on diabetes, obesity, and cancer by modulating gene expression in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Yasui
- Health Care Research Center, Nisshin Pharma Inc., Fujimino, Saitama 356-8511
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Mercier PL, Bachvarova M, Plante M, Gregoire J, Renaud MC, Ghani K, Têtu B, Bairati I, Bachvarov D. Characterization of DOK1, a candidate tumor suppressor gene, in epithelial ovarian cancer. Mol Oncol 2011; 5:438-53. [PMID: 21856257 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In attempt to discover novel aberrantly hypermethylated genes with putative tumor suppressor function in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), we applied expression profiling following pharmacologic inhibition of DNA methylation in EOC cell lines. Among the genes identified, one of particular interest was DOK1, or downstream of tyrosine kinase 1, previously recognized as a candidate tumor suppressor gene (TSG) for leukemia and other human malignancies. Using bisulfite sequencing, we determined that a 5'-non-coding DNA region (located at nt -1158 to -850, upstream of the DOK1 translation start codon) was extensively hypermethylated in primary serous EOC tumors compared with normal ovarian specimens; however, this hypermethylation was not associated with DOK1 suppression. On the contrary, DOK1 was found to be strongly overexpressed in serous EOC tumors as compared to normal tissue and importantly, DOK1 overexpression significantly correlated with improved progression-free survival (PFS) values of serous EOC patients. Ectopic modulation of DOK1 expression in EOC cells and consecutive functional analyses pointed toward association of DOK1 expression with increased EOC cell migration and proliferation, and better sensitivity to cisplatin treatment. Gene expression profiling and consecutive network and pathway analyses were also confirmative for DOK1 association with EOC cell migration and proliferation. These analyses were also indicative for DOK1 protective role in EOC tumorigenesis, linked to DOK1-mediated induction of some tumor suppressor factors and its suppression of pro-metastasis genes. Taken together, our findings are suggestive for a possible tumor suppressor role of DOK1 in EOC; however its implication in enhanced EOC cell migration and proliferation restrain us to conclude that DOK1 represents a true TSG in EOC. Further studies are needed to more completely elucidate the functional implications of DOK1 and other members of the DOK gene family in ovarian tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Luc Mercier
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Quebec (Quebec), Canada
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38
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Grade M, Hummon AB, Camps J, Emons G, Spitzner M, Gaedcke J, Hoermann P, Ebner R, Becker H, Difilippantonio MJ, Ghadimi BM, Beissbarth T, Caplen NJ, Ried T. A genomic strategy for the functional validation of colorectal cancer genes identifies potential therapeutic targets. Int J Cancer 2011. [PMID: 20473941 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25453.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Genes that are highly overexpressed in tumor cells can be required for tumor cell survival and have the potential to be selective therapeutic targets. In an attempt to identify such targets, we combined a functional genomics and a systems biology approach to assess the consequences of RNAi-mediated silencing of overexpressed genes that were selected from 140 gene expression profiles from colorectal cancers (CRCs) and matched normal mucosa. In order to identify credible models for in-depth functional analysis, we first confirmed the overexpression of these genes in 25 different CRC cell lines. We then identified five candidate genes that profoundly reduced the viability of CRC cell lines when silenced with either siRNAs or short-hairpin RNAs (shRNAs), i.e., HMGA1, TACSTD2, RRM2, RPS2 and NOL5A. These genes were further studied by systematic analysis of comprehensive gene expression profiles generated following siRNA-mediated silencing. Exploration of these RNAi-specific gene expression signatures allowed the identification of the functional space in which the five genes operate and showed enrichment for cancer-specific signaling pathways, some known to be involved in CRC. By comparing the expression of the RNAi signature genes with their respective expression levels in an independent set of primary rectal carcinomas, we could recapitulate these defined RNAi signatures, therefore, establishing the biological relevance of our observations. This strategy identified the signaling pathways that are affected by the prominent oncogenes HMGA1 and TACSTD2, established a yet unknown link between RRM2 and PLK1 and identified RPS2 and NOL5A as promising potential therapeutic targets in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Grade
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medicine Göttingen, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
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Grade M, Hummon AB, Camps J, Emons G, Spitzner M, Gaedcke J, Hoermann P, Ebner R, Becker H, Difilippantonio MJ, Ghadimi BM, Beissbarth T, Caplen NJ, Ried T. A genomic strategy for the functional validation of colorectal cancer genes identifies potential therapeutic targets. Int J Cancer 2011; 128:1069-79. [PMID: 20473941 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Genes that are highly overexpressed in tumor cells can be required for tumor cell survival and have the potential to be selective therapeutic targets. In an attempt to identify such targets, we combined a functional genomics and a systems biology approach to assess the consequences of RNAi-mediated silencing of overexpressed genes that were selected from 140 gene expression profiles from colorectal cancers (CRCs) and matched normal mucosa. In order to identify credible models for in-depth functional analysis, we first confirmed the overexpression of these genes in 25 different CRC cell lines. We then identified five candidate genes that profoundly reduced the viability of CRC cell lines when silenced with either siRNAs or short-hairpin RNAs (shRNAs), i.e., HMGA1, TACSTD2, RRM2, RPS2 and NOL5A. These genes were further studied by systematic analysis of comprehensive gene expression profiles generated following siRNA-mediated silencing. Exploration of these RNAi-specific gene expression signatures allowed the identification of the functional space in which the five genes operate and showed enrichment for cancer-specific signaling pathways, some known to be involved in CRC. By comparing the expression of the RNAi signature genes with their respective expression levels in an independent set of primary rectal carcinomas, we could recapitulate these defined RNAi signatures, therefore, establishing the biological relevance of our observations. This strategy identified the signaling pathways that are affected by the prominent oncogenes HMGA1 and TACSTD2, established a yet unknown link between RRM2 and PLK1 and identified RPS2 and NOL5A as promising potential therapeutic targets in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Grade
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, University Medicine Göttingen, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
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Jutras S, Bachvarova M, Keita M, Bascands JL, Mes-Masson AM, Stewart JM, Gera L, Bachvarov D. Strong cytotoxic effect of the bradykinin antagonist BKM-570 in ovarian cancer cells--analysis of the molecular mechanisms of its antiproliferative action. FEBS J 2010; 277:5146-60. [PMID: 21078129 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07928.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The standard chemotherapy for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients is currently a combination of taxane and platinum. However, most EOC patients still suffer relapses, and there is an immediate need for the development of novel and more effective therapeutic modalities against this deadly disease. Recently, the nonpeptide bradykinin (BK) antagonist 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorocinnamoyl-(o-2,6-dichlorobenzyl)-l-tyrosine-N-(4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidyl) amide (BKM-570) was shown to cause impressive growth inhibition of lung and prostate tumors, displaying superior in vivo inhibitory effects than convential chemotherapeutic drugs. Here, we investigated BKM-570 cytotoxic effects in two EOC cell lines, derived from different EOC histopathologies: a clear cell carcinoma (TOV-21), and an endometrioid carcinoma (TOV-112). We showed that BKM-570 effectively inhibited the growth of ovarian cancer cells, as its cytotoxic effects were comparable to those of cisplatin, and were independent of the functional status of BK receptors. Moreover, BKM-570 synergized with cisplatin in inhibiting EOC cell growth. To better understand the molecular mechanisms of the antiproliferative action of this BK antagonist in EOC cells, we performed gene expression profiling in TOV-21 and TOV-112 cells following treatment with 10 μM BKM-570 for 24 h. BKM-570 displayed similar cytotoxic effects in the two cell lines analyzed, as genes with previously shown involvement in apoptosis/antiapoptosis and cell adhesion were proportionally upregulated and downregulated in both cell lines, whereas genes involved in basic cellular mechanisms, including cell growth and maintenance, metabolism, cell cycle control, inflammatory and immune response, signal transduction, protein biosynthesis, transcription regulation, and transport, were predominantly downregulated upon treatment. Our data are indicative of the therapeutic potential of BKM-570 and related compounds in EOC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Jutras
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
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Darsigny M, Babeu JP, Seidman EG, Gendron FP, Levy E, Carrier J, Perreault N, Boudreau F. Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4alpha promotes gut neoplasia in mice and protects against the production of reactive oxygen species. Cancer Res 2010; 70:9423-33. [PMID: 21062980 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (Hnf4α) is a transcription factor that controls epithelial cell polarity and morphogenesis. Hnf4α conditional deletion during postnatal development has minor effects on intestinal epithelium integrity but promotes activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway without causing tumorigenesis. Here, we show that Hnf4α does not act as a tumor-suppressor gene but is crucial in promoting gut tumorigenesis in mice. Polyp multiplicity in ApcMin mice lacking Hnf4α is suppressed compared with littermate ApcMin controls. Analysis of microarray gene expression profiles from mice lacking Hnf4α in the intestinal epithelium identifies novel functions of this transcription factor in targeting oxidoreductase-related genes involved in the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. This role is supported with the demonstration that HNF4α is functionally involved in the protection against spontaneous and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy-induced production of ROS in colorectal cancer cell lines. Analysis of a colorectal cancer patient cohort establishes that HNF4α is significantly upregulated compared with adjacent normal epithelial resections. Several genes involved in ROS neutralization are also induced in correlation with HNF4A expression. Altogether, the findings point to the nuclear receptor HNF4α as a potential therapeutic target to eradicate aberrant epithelial cell resistance to ROS production during intestinal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Darsigny
- Canadian Institute of Health Research Team on Digestive Epithelium, Département d'Anatomie et Biologie Cellulaire, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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Yoshida S, Furukawa N, Haruta S, Tanase Y, Kanayama S, Noguchi T, Sakata M, Yamada Y, Oi H, Kobayashi H. Theoretical model of treatment strategies for clear cell carcinoma of the ovary: focus on perspectives. Cancer Treat Rev 2009; 35:608-15. [PMID: 19665848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2009.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2009] [Revised: 07/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Among epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), clear cell carcinomas (CCC) differ from the other histologic types with respect to their clinical characteristics, carcinogenesis and prognosis. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge and future perspective on the new therapeutic targets and treatment strategies for CCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present article reviews the English language literature for preclinical and clinical trials and promising molecular targets on CCC of the ovary, based on the gene expression profiling studies. RESULTS Here, we show that (1) the expression of the genes involved in transcription, signaling, cell cycle, adhesion, matrix, proteinase, and detoxification was greatly increased in the CCC carcinogenesis; (2) upregulation of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1beta (HNF-1beta) and Polo-like kinase (PLK)-Early mitotic inhibitor-1 (Emi1) as well as their downstream targets are specifically found in most CCC. The promising molecular targeting approach will emerge in the context of HNF-1beta and PLK-Emi1 biology; and 3) several significant common pathways observed in CCC of the ovary overlap the datasets identified in CCC of the kidney. To improve the outcome in CCC therapy, we must learn various adaptive treatment strategies for renal CCC, although it is not supported by any preliminary clinical data. CONCLUSION The inhibitors that target HNF-1beta and PLK-Emi1 and their downstream signaling molecules would be evaluated. In addition, the therapy currently used in renal CCC should be considered as an alternative for the present treatments or an attractive therapeutic option for ovarian CCC. The challenges accompanying the recent advance are described in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shozo Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
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