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Sonam Dongsar T, Tsering Dongsar T, Gupta G, Alsayari A, Wahab S, Kesharwani P. PLGA nanomedical consignation: A novel approach for the management of prostate cancer. Int J Pharm 2024; 652:123808. [PMID: 38224758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The malignancy of the prostate is a complicated ailment which impacts millions of male populations around the globe. Despite the multitude of endeavour accomplished within this domain, modalities that are involved in the ameliorative management of predisposed infirmity are still relent upon non-specific and invasive procedures, thus imposing a detrimental mark on the living standard of the individual. Also, the orchestrated therapeutic interventions are still incompetent in substantiating a robust and unabridged therapeutic end point owing to their inadequate solubility, low bioavailability, limited cell assimilation, and swift deterioration, thereby muffling the clinical application of these existing treatment modalities. Nanotechnology has been employed in an array of modalities for the medical management of malignancies. Among the assortment of available nano-scaffolds, nanocarriers composed of a bio-decomposable and hybrid polymeric material like PLGA hold an opportunity to advance as standard chemotherapeutic modalities. PLGA-based nanocarriers have the prospect to address the drawbacks associated with conventional cancer interventions, owing to their versatility, durability, nontoxic nature, and their ability to facilitate prolonged drug release. This review intends to describe the plethora of evidence-based studies performed to validate the applicability of PLGA nanosystem in the amelioration of prostate malignancies, in conjunction with PLGA focused nano-scaffold in the clinical management of prostate carcinoma. This review seeks to explore numerous evidence-based studies confirming the applicability of PLGA nanosystems in ameliorating prostate malignancies. It also delves into the role of PLGA-focused nano-scaffolds in the clinical management of prostate carcinoma, aiming to provide a comprehensive perspective on these advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenzin Sonam Dongsar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Tenzin Tsering Dongsar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Garima Gupta
- Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248002, India; School of Allied Medical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Abdulrhman Alsayari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
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2
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Jin L, Zhu J, Yao L, Shen G, Xue BX, Tao W. Targeting SphK1/2 by SKI-178 inhibits prostate cancer cell growth. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:537. [PMID: 37604912 PMCID: PMC10442381 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinases (SphK), including SphK1 and SphK2, are important enzymes promoting progression of prostate cancer. SKI-178 is a novel and highly potent SphK1/2 dual inhibitor. We here tested the potential anti-prostate cancer cell activity of SKI-178. Bioinformatics analyses and results from local tissues demonstrated that that both SphK1 and SphK2 are upregulated in human prostate cancer tissues. Ectopic overexpression of SphK1 and SphK2, by lentiviral constructs, promoted primary prostate cancer cell proliferation and migration. In primary human prostate cancer cells and immortalized cell lines, SKI-178 potently inhibited cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle progression and cell migration, causing robust cell death and apoptosis. SKI-178 impaired mitochondrial functions, causing mitochondrial depolarization, reactive oxygen species production and ATP depletion.SKI-178 potently inhibited SphK activity and induced ceramide production, without affecting SphK1/2 expression in prostate cancer cells. Further, SKI-178 inhibited Akt-mTOR activation and induced JNK activation in prostate cancer cells. Contrarily, a constitutively-active Akt1 construct or the pharmacological JNK inhibitors attenuated SKI-178-induced cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cells. In vivo, daily intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of SKI-178 potently inhibited PC-3 xenograft growth in nude mice. SphK inhibition, ceramide production, ATP depletion and lipid peroxidation as well as Akt-mTOR inactivation and JNK activation were detected in PC-3 xenograft tissues with SKI-178 administration. Together, targeting SphK1/2 by SKI-178 potently inhibited prostate cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jin
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Linya Yao
- Department of Urology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Kunshan, China
| | - Gang Shen
- Department of Urology, DUSHU Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Bo-Xin Xue
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Wei Tao
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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3
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Zhu H, Chen HJ, Wen HY, Wang ZG, Liu SL. Engineered Lipidic Nanomaterials Inspired by Sphingomyelin Metabolism for Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:5366. [PMID: 37513239 PMCID: PMC10383197 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingomyelin (SM) and its metabolites are crucial regulators of tumor cell growth, differentiation, senescence, and programmed cell death. With the rise in lipid-based nanomaterials, engineered lipidic nanomaterials inspired by SM metabolism, corresponding lipid targeting, and signaling activation have made fascinating advances in cancer therapeutic processes. In this review, we first described the specific pathways of SM metabolism and the roles of their associated bioactive molecules in mediating cell survival or death. We next summarized the advantages and specific applications of SM metabolism-based lipidic nanomaterials in specific cancer therapies. Finally, we discussed the challenges and perspectives of this emerging and promising SM metabolism-based nanomaterials research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hua-Jie Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hai-Yan Wen
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, and School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Kar A, Jain D, Kumar S, Rajput K, Pal S, Rana K, Kar R, Jha SK, Medatwal N, Yavvari PS, Pandey N, Mehta D, Sharma H, Bhattacharya D, Pradhan MK, Sharma RD, Srivastava A, Agrawal U, Mukhopadhyay A, Sengupta S, Patil VS, Bajaj A, Dasgupta U. A localized hydrogel-mediated chemotherapy causes immunogenic cell death via activation of ceramide-mediated unfolded protein response. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf2746. [PMID: 37390205 PMCID: PMC10313169 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf2746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is challenging because of its "COLD" tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment (TIME). Here, we present a hydrogel-mediated localized delivery of a combination of docetaxel (DTX) and carboplatin (CPT) (called DTX-CPT-Gel therapy) that ensured enhanced anticancer effect and tumor regression on multiple murine syngeneic and xenograft tumor models. DTX-CPT-Gel therapy modulated the TIME by an increase of antitumorigenic M1 macrophages, attenuation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, and increase of granzyme B+CD8+ T cells. DTX-CPT-Gel therapy elevated ceramide levels in tumor tissues that activated the protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK)-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR). This UPR-mediated activation of apoptotic cell death led to release of damage-associated molecular patterns, thereby activating the immunogenic cell death that could even clear the metastatic tumors. This study provides a promising hydrogel-mediated platform for DTX-CPT therapy that induces tumor regression and effective immune modulation and, therefore, can be explored further for treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Kar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3 Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Dolly Jain
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3 Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3 Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Kajal Rajput
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon, 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Sanjay Pal
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3 Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Kajal Rana
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3 Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Raunak Kar
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Somesh K. Jha
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3 Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Nihal Medatwal
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon, 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Prabhu Srinivas Yavvari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nishant Pandey
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3 Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Devashish Mehta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon, 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Harsh Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon, 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Debanjan Bhattacharya
- National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, Ansari Nagar West, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Manas K. Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Datta Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon, 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Aasheesh Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Usha Agrawal
- National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, Ansari Nagar West, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Arnab Mukhopadhyay
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sagar Sengupta
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
- National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, 741251, West Bengal, India
| | - Veena S. Patil
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3 Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Ujjaini Dasgupta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon, 122413, Haryana, India
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Mebarek S, Skafi N, Brizuela L. Targeting Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Metabolism as a Therapeutic Avenue for Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2732. [PMID: 37345069 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. More than 65% of men diagnosed with PC are above 65. Patients with localized PC show high long-term survival, however with the disease progression into a metastatic form, it becomes incurable, even after strong radio- and/or chemotherapy. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid that participates in all the steps of oncogenesis including tumor cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and metastatic spread. The S1P-producing enzymes sphingosine kinases 1 and 2 (SK1 and SK2), and the S1P degrading enzyme S1P lyase (SPL), have been shown to be highly implicated in the onset, development, and therapy resistance of PC during the last 20 years. In this review, the most important studies demonstrating the role of S1P and S1P metabolic partners in PC are discussed. The different in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models of PC that were used to demonstrate the implication of S1P metabolism are especially highlighted. Furthermore, the most efficient molecules targeting S1P metabolism that are under preclinical and clinical development for curing PC are summarized. Finally, the possibility of targeting S1P metabolism alone or combined with other therapies in the foreseeable future as an alternative option for PC patients is discussed. Research Strategy: PubMed from INSB was used for article research. First, key words "prostate & sphingosine" were used and 144 articles were found. We also realized other combinations of key words as "prostate cancer bone metastasis" and "prostate cancer treatment". We used the most recent reviews to illustrate prostate cancer topic and sphingolipid metabolism overview topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saida Mebarek
- CNRS UMR 5246, INSA Lyon, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), 69622 Lyon, France
| | - Najwa Skafi
- CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, University of Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bd 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Leyre Brizuela
- CNRS UMR 5246, INSA Lyon, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), 69622 Lyon, France
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6
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Chen H, Haddadi N, Zhu X, Hatoum D, Chen S, Nassif NT, Lin Y, McGowan EM. Expression Profile of Sphingosine Kinase 1 Isoforms in Human Cancer Tissues and Cells: Importance and Clinical Relevance of the Neglected 1b-Isoform. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:2250407. [PMID: 36532885 PMCID: PMC9750787 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2250407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is casually associated with many types of cancer, and inhibitors of SphK1 sensitize tumors to chemotherapy. SphK1 is expressed as two major isoforms, SphK1a and SphK1b. To date, no information has been reported on the SphK1 isoform expression profile and its clinical relevance. OBJECTIVE The objective is to examine the expression profile of the SphK1a and SPhK1b isoforms in human cancer and noncancer tissues and cell lines and explore their clinical relevance. METHODS We used PCR to qualitatively examine the expression profile of these two isoforms in breast, liver, and prostate cancer tissues plus paired adjacent tissues and in 11 cancer and normal cell lines (breast, cervical, bone, prostate, colon, brain, mesothelioma tumor and benign, and human kidney cells). RESULTS We found that SphK1a was ubiquitously expressed in all cancer cells and tissues tested; in contrast, SphK1b was only expressed in selective cell types in breast, prostate, and lung cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that SphK1a is important for generic SphK1/S1P functions, and SphK1b mediates specialized and/or unique pathways in a specific type of tissue and could be a biomarker for cancer. This discovery is important for future SphK1-related cancer research and may have clinical implications in drug development associated with SphK1-directed cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjie Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nahal Haddadi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Transplant Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Diana Hatoum
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
- Public Health and College of Arts and Sciences, Phoenicia University, Daoudiye, Lebanon
| | - Size Chen
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precision Therapy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Najah T. Nassif
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
| | - Yiguang Lin
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Eileen M. McGowan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
- Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Esophageal Cancer Precision Therapy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Developing New Treatment Options for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer and Recurrent Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081872. [PMID: 36009418 PMCID: PMC9405166 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major diagnosed cancer among men globally, and about 20% of patients develop metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) in the initial diagnosis. PCa is a typical androgen-dependent disease; thus, hormonal therapy is commonly used as a standard care for mPCa by inhibiting androgen receptor (AR) activities, or androgen metabolism. Inevitably, almost all PCa will acquire resistance and become castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) that is associated with AR gene mutations or amplification, the presence of AR variants, loss of AR expression toward neuroendocrine phenotype, or other hormonal receptors. Treating CRPC poses a great challenge to clinicians. Research efforts in the last decade have come up with several new anti-androgen agents to prolong overall survival of CRPC patients. In addition, many potential targeting agents have been at the stage of being able to translate many preclinical discoveries into clinical practices. At this juncture, it is important to highlight the emerging strategies including small-molecule inhibitors to AR variants, DNA repair enzymes, cell survival pathway, neuroendocrine differentiation pathway, radiotherapy, CRPC-specific theranostics and immune therapy that are underway or have recently been completed.
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Li RZ, Wang XR, Wang J, Xie C, Wang XX, Pan HD, Meng WY, Liang TL, Li JX, Yan PY, Wu QB, Liu L, Yao XJ, Leung ELH. The key role of sphingolipid metabolism in cancer: New therapeutic targets, diagnostic and prognostic values, and anti-tumor immunotherapy resistance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:941643. [PMID: 35965565 PMCID: PMC9364366 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.941643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biologically active sphingolipids are closely related to the growth, differentiation, aging, and apoptosis of cancer cells. Some sphingolipids, such as ceramides, are favorable metabolites in the sphingolipid metabolic pathway, usually mediating antiproliferative responses, through inhibiting cancer cell growth and migration, as well as inducing autophagy and apoptosis. However, other sphingolipids, such as S1P, play the opposite role, which induces cancer cell transformation, migration and growth and promotes drug resistance. There are also other sphingolipids, as well as enzymes, played potentially critical roles in cancer physiology and therapeutics. This review aimed to explore the important roles of sphingolipid metabolism in cancer. In this article, we summarized the role and value of sphingolipid metabolism in cancer, including the distribution of sphingolipids, the functions, and their relevance to cancer diagnosis and prognosis. We also summarized the known and potential antitumor targets present in sphingolipid metabolism, analyzed the correlation between sphingolipid metabolism and tumor immunity, and summarize the antitumor effects of natural compounds based on sphingolipids. Through the analysis and summary of sphingolipid antitumor therapeutic targets and immune correlation, we aim to provide ideas for the development of new antitumor drugs, exploration of new therapeutic means for tumors, and study of immunotherapy resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Ze Li
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xuan-Run Wang
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Oncology, Luzhou People’s Hospital, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Chun Xie
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xing-Xia Wang
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Hu-Dan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wei-Yu Meng
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Tu-Liang Liang
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jia-Xin Li
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Pei-Yu Yan
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Qi-Biao Wu
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Jun Yao, ; Liang Liu, ; Elaine Lai-Han Leung,
| | - Xiao-Jun Yao
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery/State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine/Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Jun Yao, ; Liang Liu, ; Elaine Lai-Han Leung,
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- Cancer Center, Faculty of Health Science, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- MOE Frontiers Science Center for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Breast Surgery, Zhuhai Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhuhai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Jun Yao, ; Liang Liu, ; Elaine Lai-Han Leung,
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9
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GNE-493 inhibits prostate cancer cell growth via Akt-mTOR-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:120. [PMID: 35296639 PMCID: PMC8927604 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-00911-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
GNE-493 is a novel PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor with improved metabolic stability, oral bioavailability, and excellent pharmacokinetic parameters. Here GNE-493 potently inhibited viability, proliferation, and migration in different primary and established (LNCaP and PC-3 lines) prostate cancer cells, and provoking apoptosis. GNE-493 blocked Akt-mTOR activation in primary human prostate cancer cells. A constitutively-active mutant Akt1 restored Akt-mTOR activation but only partially ameliorated GNE-493-induced prostate cancer cell death. Moreover, GNE-493 was still cytotoxic in Akt1/2-silenced primary prostate cancer cells. Significant oxidative stress and programmed necrosis cascade activation were detected in GNE-493-treated prostate cancer cells. Moreover, GNE-493 downregulated Sphingosine Kinase 1 (SphK1), causing ceramide accumulation in primary prostate cancer cells. Daily single dose GNE-493 oral administration robustly inhibited the growth of the prostate cancer xenograft in the nude mice. Akt-mTOR inactivation, SphK1 downregulation, ceramide level increase, and oxidative injury were detected in GNE-493-treated prostate cancer xenograft tissues. Together, GNE-493 inhibited prostate cancer cell growth possibly through the Akt-mTOR-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
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10
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Bataller M, Sánchez-García A, Garcia-Mayea Y, Mir C, Rodriguez I, LLeonart ME. The Role of Sphingolipids Metabolism in Cancer Drug Resistance. Front Oncol 2022; 11:807636. [PMID: 35004331 PMCID: PMC8733468 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.807636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance continues to be one of the major challenges to cure cancer. As research in this field evolves, it has been proposed that numerous bioactive molecules might be involved in the resistance of cancer cells to certain chemotherapeutics. One well-known group of lipids that play a major role in drug resistance are the sphingolipids. Sphingolipids are essential components of the lipid raft domains of the plasma membrane and this structural function is important for apoptosis and/or cell proliferation. Dysregulation of sphingolipids, including ceramide, sphingomyelin or sphingosine 1-phosphate, has been linked to drug resistance in different types of cancer, including breast, melanoma or colon cancer. Sphingolipid metabolism is complex, involving several lipid catabolism with the participation of key enzymes such as glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) and sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1). With an overview of the latest available data on this topic and its implications in cancer therapy, this review focuses on the main enzymes implicated in sphingolipids metabolism and their intermediate metabolites involved in cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Bataller
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d´Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Almudena Sánchez-García
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d´Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yoelsis Garcia-Mayea
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d´Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Mir
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d´Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Rodriguez
- Assistant Director of Nursing, Nursing Management Service Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matilde Esther LLeonart
- Biomedical Research in Cancer Stem Cells Group, Vall d´Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Network Centre in Oncology, CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
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11
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George DJ, Halabi S, Heath EI, Sartor AO, Sonpavde GP, Das D, Bitting RL, Berry W, Healy P, Anand M, Winters C, Riggan C, Kephart J, Wilder R, Shobe K, Rasmussen J, Milowsky MI, Fleming MT, Bearden J, Goodman M, Zhang T, Harrison MR, McNamara M, Zhang D, LaCroix BL, Kittles RA, Patierno BM, Sibley AB, Patierno SR, Owzar K, Hyslop T, Freedman JA, Armstrong AJ. A prospective trial of abiraterone acetate plus prednisone in Black and White men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Cancer 2021; 127:2954-2965. [PMID: 33951180 PMCID: PMC9527760 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retrospective analyses of randomized trials suggest that Black men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) have longer survival than White men. The authors conducted a prospective study of abiraterone acetate plus prednisone to explore outcomes by race. METHODS This race-stratified, multicenter study estimated radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) in Black and White men with mCRPC. Secondary end points included prostate-specific antigen (PSA) kinetics, overall survival (OS), and safety. Exploratory analysis included genome-wide genotyping to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with progression in a model incorporating genetic ancestry. One hundred patients self-identified as White (n = 50) or Black (n = 50) were enrolled. Eligibility criteria were modified to facilitate the enrollment of individual Black patients. RESULTS The median rPFS for Black and White patients was 16.6 and 16.8 months, respectively; their times to PSA progression (TTP) were 16.6 and 11.5 months, respectively; and their OS was 35.9 and 35.7 months, respectively. Estimated rates of PSA decline by ≥50% in Black and White patients were 74% and 66%, respectively; and PSA declines to <0.2 ng/mL were 26% and 10%, respectively. Rates of grade 3 and 4 hypertension, hypokalemia, and hyperglycemia were higher in Black men. CONCLUSIONS Multicenter prospective studies by race are feasible in men with mCRPC but require less restrictive eligibility. Despite higher comorbidity rates, Black patients demonstrated rPFS and OS similar to those of White patients and trended toward greater TTP and PSA declines, consistent with retrospective reports. Importantly, Black men may have higher side-effect rates than White men. This exploratory genome-wide analysis of TTP identified a possible candidate marker of ancestry-dependent treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. George
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Susan Halabi
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - A. Oliver Sartor
- Tulane Cancer Center, Tulane Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Guru P. Sonpavde
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Devika Das
- Hematology and Oncology Division, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Rhonda L. Bitting
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, North Carolina
| | - William Berry
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Patrick Healy
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Monika Anand
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Carol Winters
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Colleen Riggan
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Julie Kephart
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rhonda Wilder
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kellie Shobe
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Julia Rasmussen
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Matthew I. Milowsky
- Department of Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | | | | | - Michael Goodman
- W.G. (Bill) Hefner VA Medical Center, Salisbury, North Carolina
| | - Tian Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michael R. Harrison
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Megan McNamara
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Dadong Zhang
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Bonnie L. LaCroix
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rick A. Kittles
- Department of Population Sciences, Division of Health Equities, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Brendon M. Patierno
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Alexander B. Sibley
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Steven R. Patierno
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kouros Owzar
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Terry Hyslop
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer A. Freedman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Andrew J. Armstrong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Center for Prostate and Urologic Cancers, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
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12
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Cohen L, Livney YD, Assaraf YG. Targeted nanomedicine modalities for prostate cancer treatment. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 56:100762. [PMID: 33857756 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cause of death amongst men in the USA. Therapy of PC has been transformed in the past decade by introducing novel therapeutics, advanced functional imaging and diagnostic approaches, next generation sequencing, as well as improved application of existing therapies in localized PC. Treatment of PC at the different stages of the disease may include surgery, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), chemotherapy and radiation therapy. However, although ADT has proven efficacious in PC treatment, its effectiveness may be temporary, as these tumors frequently develop molecular mechanisms of therapy resistance, which allow them to survive and proliferate even under conditions of testosterone deprivation, inhibition of androgen receptor signaling, or cytotoxic drug treatment. Importantly, ADT was found to induce key alterations which frequently result in the formation of metastatic tumors displaying a therapy refractory phenotype. Hence, to overcome these serious therapeutic impediments, novel PC cell-targeted therapeutic strategies are being developed. These include diverse platforms enabling specific enhanced antitumor drug uptake and increased intracellular accumulation. Studies have shown that these novel treatment modalities lead to enhanced antitumor activity and diminished systemic toxicity due to the use of selective targeting and decreased drug doses. The underlying mechanism of targeting and internalization is based upon the interaction between a selective ligand, conjugated to a drug-loaded nanoparticle or directly to an anti-cancer drug, and a specific plasma membrane biomarker, uniquely overexpressed on the surface of PC cells. Another targeted therapeutic approach is the delivery of unique anti-oncogenic signaling pathway-based therapeutic drugs, which are selectively cytotoxic to PC cells. The current paper reviews PC targeted modalities reported in the past 6 years, and discusses both the advantages and limitations of the various targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lital Cohen
- The Laboratory of Biopolymers for Food and Health, Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Yoav D Livney
- The Laboratory of Biopolymers for Food and Health, Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
| | - Yehuda G Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.
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13
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Alshaker H, Srivats S, Monteil D, Wang Q, Low CMR, Pchejetski D. Field template-based design and biological evaluation of new sphingosine kinase 1 inhibitors. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 172:33-43. [PMID: 30043096 PMCID: PMC6208908 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4900-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) is a protooncogenic enzyme expressed in many human tumours and is associated with chemoresistance and poor prognosis. It is a potent therapy target and its inhibition chemosensitises solid tumours. Despite recent advances in SK1 inhibitors synthesis and validation, their clinical safety and chemosensitising options are not well described. In this study, we have designed, synthesised and tested a new specific SK1 inhibitor with a low toxicity profile. Methods Field template molecular modelling was used for compound design. Lead compounds were tested in cell and mouse cancer models. Results Field template analysis of three known SK1 inhibitors, SKI-178, 12aa and SK1-I, was performed and compound screening identified six potential new SK1 inhibitors. SK1 activity assays in both cell-free and in vitro settings showed that two compounds were effective SK1 inhibitors. Compound SK-F has potently decreased cancer cell viability in vitro and sensitised mouse breast tumours to docetaxel (DTX) in vivo, without significant whole-body toxicity. Conclusion Through field template screening, we have identified a new SK1 inhibitor, SK-F, which demonstrated antitumour activity in vitro and in vivo without overt toxicity when combined with DTX. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s10549-018-4900-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK. .,Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Shyam Srivats
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Danielle Monteil
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK
| | | | - Dmitri Pchejetski
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK.
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14
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Shaw J, Costa-Pinheiro P, Patterson L, Drews K, Spiegel S, Kester M. Novel Sphingolipid-Based Cancer Therapeutics in the Personalized Medicine Era. Adv Cancer Res 2018; 140:327-366. [PMID: 30060815 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2018.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are bioactive lipids that participate in a wide variety of biological mechanisms, including cell death and proliferation. The myriad of pro-death and pro-survival cellular pathways involving sphingolipids provide a plethora of opportunities for dysregulation in cancers. In recent years, modulation of these sphingolipid metabolic pathways has been in the forefront of drug discovery for cancer therapeutics. About two decades ago, researchers first showed that standard of care treatments, e.g., chemotherapeutics and radiation, modulate sphingolipid metabolism to increase endogenous ceramides, which kill cancer cells. Strikingly, resistance to these treatments has also been linked to altered sphingolipid metabolism, favoring lipid species that ultimately lead to cell survival. To this end, many inhibitors of sphingolipid metabolism have been developed to further define not only our understanding of these pathways but also to potentially serve as therapeutic interventions. Therefore, understanding how to better use these new drugs that target sphingolipid metabolism, either alone or in combination with current cancer treatments, holds great potential for cancer control. While sphingolipids in cancer have been reviewed previously (Hannun & Obeid, 2018; Lee & Kolesnick, 2017; Morad & Cabot, 2013; Newton, Lima, Maceyka, & Spiegel, 2015; Ogretmen, 2018; Ryland, Fox, Liu, Loughran, & Kester, 2011) in this chapter, we present a comprehensive review on how standard of care therapeutics affects sphingolipid metabolism, the current landscape of sphingolipid inhibitors, and the clinical utility of sphingolipid-based cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Shaw
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Pedro Costa-Pinheiro
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Logan Patterson
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Kelly Drews
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Sarah Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Mark Kester
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States; University of Virginia Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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15
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Alshaker H, Wang Q, Kawano Y, Arafat T, Böhler T, Winkler M, Cooper C, Pchejetski D. Everolimus (RAD001) sensitizes prostate cancer cells to docetaxel by down-regulation of HIF-1α and sphingosine kinase 1. Oncotarget 2018; 7:80943-80956. [PMID: 27821815 PMCID: PMC5348367 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to docetaxel is a key problem in current prostate cancer management. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways have been implicated in prostate cancer chemoresistance. Here we investigated whether their combined targeting may re-sensitize prostate cancer cells to docetaxel.In hormone-insensitive PC-3 and DU145 prostate cancer cells the mTOR inhibitor everolimus (RAD001) alone did not lead to significant cell death, however, it strongly sensitized cells to low levels (5 nM) of docetaxel. We show that mTOR inhibition has led to a decrease in hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein levels and SK1 mRNA. HIF-1α accumulation induced by CoCl2 has led to a partial chemoresistance to RAD001/docetaxel combination. SK1 overexpression has completely protected prostate cancer cells from RAD001/docetaxel effects. Using gene knockdown and CoCl2 treatment we showed that SK1 mRNA expression is downstream of HIF-1α. In a human xenograft model in nude mice single RAD001 and docetaxel therapies induced 23% and 15% reduction in prostate tumor volume, respectively, while their combination led to a 58% reduction. RAD001 alone or in combination with docetaxel has suppressed intratumoral mTOR and SK1 signaling, however as evidenced by tumor size, it required docetaxel for clinical efficacy. Combination therapy was well tolerated and had similar levels of toxicity to docetaxel alone.Overall, our data demonstrate a new mechanism of docetaxel sensitization in prostate cancer. This provides a mechanistic basis for further clinical application of RAD001/docetaxel combination in prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.,Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Yoshiaki Kawano
- Department of Urology, University of Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tawfiq Arafat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Torsten Böhler
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mathias Winkler
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Colin Cooper
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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16
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White C, Alshaker H, Cooper C, Winkler M, Pchejetski D. The emerging role of FTY720 (Fingolimod) in cancer treatment. Oncotarget 2018; 7:23106-27. [PMID: 27036015 PMCID: PMC5029614 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
FTY720 (Fingolimod) is a clinically approved immunomodulating therapy for multiple sclerosis that sequesters T-cells to lymph nodes through functional antagonism of sphingosine-1-phosphate 1 receptor. FTY720 also demonstrates a proven efficacy in multiple in vitro and in vivo cancer models, suggesting a potential therapeutic role in cancer patients. A potential anticancer mechanism of FTY720 is through the inhibition of sphingosine kinase 1, a proto-oncogene with in vitro and clinical cancer association. In addition, FTY720's anticancer properties may be attributable to actions on several other molecular targets. This study focuses on reviewing the emerging evidence regarding the anticancer properties and molecular targets of FTY720. While the clinical transition of FTY720 is currently limited by its immune suppression effects, studies aiming at FTY720 delivery and release together with identifying its key synergetic combinations and relevant patient subsets may lead to its rapid introduction into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heba Alshaker
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan.,School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Colin Cooper
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Matthias Winkler
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
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17
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"Dicing and Splicing" Sphingosine Kinase and Relevance to Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091891. [PMID: 28869494 PMCID: PMC5618540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase (SphK) is a lipid enzyme that maintains cellular lipid homeostasis. Two SphK isozymes, SphK1 and SphK2, are expressed from different chromosomes and several variant isoforms are expressed from each of the isozymes, allowing for the multi-faceted biological diversity of SphK activity. Historically, SphK1 is mainly associated with oncogenicity, however in reality, both SphK1 and SphK2 isozymes possess oncogenic properties and are recognized therapeutic targets. The absence of mutations of SphK in various cancer types has led to the theory that cancer cells develop a dependency on SphK signaling (hyper-SphK signaling) or “non-oncogenic addiction”. Here we discuss additional theories of SphK cellular mislocation and aberrant “dicing and splicing” as contributors to cancer cell biology and as key determinants of the success or failure of SphK/S1P (sphingosine 1 phosphate) based therapeutics.
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18
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Core shell lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles with combined docetaxel and molecular targeted therapy for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5901. [PMID: 28724986 PMCID: PMC5517417 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Many prostate cancers relapse after initial chemotherapy treatment. Combining molecular and chemotherapy together with encapsulation of drugs in nanocarriers provides effective drug delivery and toxicity reduction. We developed core shell lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (CSLPHNPs) with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) core and lipid layer containing docetaxel and clinically used inhibitor of sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) FTY720 (fingolimod). We show for the first time that FTY720 (both free and in CSLPHNPs) re-sensitizes castrate resistant prostate cancer cells and tumors to docetaxel, allowing a four-fold reduction in effective dose. Our CSLPHNPs showed high serum stability and a long shelf life. CSLPHNPs demonstrated a steady uptake by tumor cells, sustained intracellular drug release and in vitro efficacy superior to free therapies. In a mouse model of human prostate cancer, CSLPHNPs showed excellent tumor targeting and significantly lower side effects compared to free drugs, importantly, reversing lymphopenia induced by FTY720. Overall, we demonstrate that nanoparticle encapsulation can improve targeting, provide low off-target toxicity and most importantly reduce FTY720-induced lymphopenia, suggesting its potential use in clinical cancer treatment.
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19
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Alshaker H, Wang Q, Srivats S, Chao Y, Cooper C, Pchejetski D. New FTY720-docetaxel nanoparticle therapy overcomes FTY720-induced lymphopenia and inhibits metastatic breast tumour growth. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 165:531-543. [PMID: 28695300 PMCID: PMC5602005 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4380-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Combining molecular therapies with chemotherapy may offer an improved clinical outcome for chemoresistant tumours. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor antagonist and sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) inhibitor FTY720 (FTY) has promising anticancer properties, however, it causes systemic lymphopenia which impairs its use in cancer patients. In this study, we developed a nanoparticle (NP) combining docetaxel (DTX) and FTY for enhanced anticancer effect, targeted tumour delivery and reduced systemic toxicity. Methods Docetaxel, FTY and glucosamine were covalently conjugated to poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). NPs were characterised by dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy. The cellular uptake, cytotoxicity and in vivo antitumor efficacy of CNPs were evaluated. Results We show for the first time that in triple negative breast cancer cells FTY provides chemosensitisation to DTX, allowing a four-fold reduction in the effective dose. We have encapsulated both drugs in PLGA complex NPs (CNPs), with narrow size distribution of ~ 100 nm and excellent cancer cell uptake providing sequential, sustained release of FTY and DTX. In triple negative breast cancer cells and mouse breast cancer models, CNPs had similar efficacy to systemic free therapies, but allowed an effective drug dose reduction. Application of CNPs has significantly reversed chemotherapy side effects such as weight loss, liver toxicity and, most notably, lymphopenia. Conclusions We show for the first time the DTX chemosensitising effects of FTY in triple negative breast cancer. We further demonstrate that encapsulation of free drugs in CNPs can improve targeting, provide low off-target toxicity and most importantly reduce FTY-induced lymphopenia, offering potential therapeutic use of FTY in clinical cancer treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10549-017-4380-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorised users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK
| | - Shyam Srivats
- University of California San Francisco, Health Sciences East 1350, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0130, USA
| | - Yimin Chao
- School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Colin Cooper
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK
| | - Dmitri Pchejetski
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, 2.53 BCRE, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47UQ, UK.
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20
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Alshaker H, Wang Q, Böhler T, Mills R, Winkler M, Arafat T, Kawano Y, Pchejetski D. Combination of RAD001 (everolimus) and docetaxel reduces prostate and breast cancer cell VEGF production and tumour vascularisation independently of sphingosine-kinase-1. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3493. [PMID: 28615679 PMCID: PMC5471177 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03728-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to docetaxel is a key problem in current prostate and breast cancer management. We have recently discovered a new molecular mechanism of prostate cancer docetaxel chemoresistance mediated by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/sphingosine-kinase-1 (SK1) pathway. Here we investigated the influence of this pathway on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production and tumour vascularisation in hormone resistant prostate and breast cancer models. Immunofluorescent staining of tumour sections from human oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer patients showed a strong correlation between phosphorylated P70S6 kinase (mTOR downstream target), VEGF and SK1 protein expression. In hormone-insensitive prostate (PC3) and breast (MDA-MB-231 and BT-549) cancer cell lines the mTOR inhibitor RAD001 (everolimus) has significantly inhibited SK1 and VEGF expression, while low dose (5 nM) docetaxel had no significant effect. In these cell lines, SK1 overexpression slightly increased the basal levels of VEGF, but did not block the inhibitory effect of RAD001 on VEGF. In a human prostate xenograft model established in nude mice, RAD001 alone or in combination with docetaxel has suppressed tumour growth, VEGF expression and decreased tumour vasculature. Overall, our data demonstrate a new mechanism of an independent regulation of SK1 and VEGF by mTOR in hormone-insensitive prostate and breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. .,Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Torsten Böhler
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Robert Mills
- Norfolk & Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Mathias Winkler
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tawfiq Arafat
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yoshiaki Kawano
- Department of Urology, University of Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
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Hatoum D, Haddadi N, Lin Y, Nassif NT, McGowan EM. Mammalian sphingosine kinase (SphK) isoenzymes and isoform expression: challenges for SphK as an oncotarget. Oncotarget 2017; 8:36898-36929. [PMID: 28415564 PMCID: PMC5482707 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The various sphingosine kinase (SphK) isoenzymes (isozymes) and isoforms, key players in normal cellular physiology, are strongly implicated in cancer and other diseases. Mutations in SphKs, that may justify abnormal physiological function, have not been recorded. Nonetheless, there is a large and growing body of evidence demonstrating the contribution of gain or loss of function and the imbalance in the SphK/S1P rheostat to a plethora of pathological conditions including cancer, diabetes and inflammatory diseases. SphK is expressed as two isozymes SphK1 and SphK2, transcribed from genes located on different chromosomes and both isozymes catalyze the phosphorylation of sphingosine to S1P. Expression of each SphK isozyme produces alternately spliced isoforms. In recent years the importance of the contribution of SpK1 expression to treatment resistance in cancer has been highlighted and, additionally, differences in treatment outcome appear to also be dependent upon SphK isoform expression. This review focuses on an exciting emerging area of research involving SphKs functions, expression and subcellular localization, highlighting the complexity of targeting SphK in cancer and also comorbid diseases. This review also covers the SphK isoenzymes and isoforms from a historical perspective, from their first discovery in murine species and then in humans, their role(s) in normal cellular function and in disease processes, to advancement of SphK as an oncotarget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Hatoum
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Nahal Haddadi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Yiguang Lin
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Najah T. Nassif
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Eileen M. McGowan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
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22
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Alshaker H, Sacco K, Alfraidi A, Muhammad A, Winkler M, Pchejetski D. Leptin signalling, obesity and prostate cancer: molecular and clinical perspective on the old dilemma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:35556-63. [PMID: 26376613 PMCID: PMC4742124 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of global obesity is increasing. Obesity is associated with general cancer-related morbidity and mortality and is a known risk factor for development of specific cancers. A recent large systematic review of 24 studies based on meta-analysis of 11,149 patients with prostate cancer showed a significant correlation between obesity and the risk of advanced prostate cancer. Further, a sustained reduction in BMI correlates with a decreased risk of developing aggressive disease. On the other hand, the correlation between consuming different products and prostate cancer occurrence/risk is limited.Here, we review the role of adipose tissue from an endocrine perspective and outline the effect of adipokines on cancer metabolism, with particular focus on leptin. Leptin exerts its physiological and pathological effects through modification of intracellular signalling, most notably activating the Janus kinase (JAK) 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 pathway and recently shown sphingolipid pathway. Both high levels of leptin in circulation and leptin receptor mutation are associated with prostate cancer risk in human patients; however, the in vivo mechanistic evidence is less conclusive.Given the complexity of metabolic cancer pathways, it is possible that leptin may have varying effects on prostate cancer at different stages of its development, a point that may be addressed by further epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Petra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Keith Sacco
- University of Malta Medical School, Mater Dei Hospital, Tal-Qroqq, MSD, Malta
| | - Albandri Alfraidi
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Aun Muhammad
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mathias Winkler
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
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23
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Therapeutic potential of targeting sphingosine kinases and sphingosine 1-phosphate in hematological malignancies. Leukemia 2016; 30:2142-2151. [PMID: 27461062 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids, such as ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) are bioactive molecules that have important functions in a variety of cellular processes, which include proliferation, survival, differentiation and cellular responses to stress. Sphingolipids have a major impact on the determination of cell fate by contributing to either cell survival or death. Although ceramide and sphingosine are usually considered to induce cell death, S1P promotes survival of cells. Sphingosine kinases (SPHKs) are the enzymes that catalyze the conversion of sphingosine to S1P. There are two isoforms, SPHK1 and SPHK2, which are encoded by different genes. SPHK1 has recently been implicated in contributing to cell transformation, tumor angiogenesis and metastatic spread, as well as cancer cell multidrug-resistance. More recent findings suggest that SPHK2 also has a role in cancer progression. This review is an overview of our understanding of the role of SPHKs and S1P in hematopoietic malignancies and provides information on the current status of SPHK inhibitors with respect to their therapeutic potential in the treatment of hematological cancers.
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Schiefler C, Piontek G, Doescher J, Schuettler D, Mißlbeck M, Rudelius M, Haug A, Reiter R, Brockhoff G, Pickhard A. Inhibition of SphK1 reduces radiation-induced migration and enhances sensitivity to cetuximab treatment by affecting the EGFR / SphK1 crosstalk. Oncotarget 2015; 5:9877-88. [PMID: 25245676 PMCID: PMC4259444 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SphK1 is known to play a role in tumor progression, resistance to radiochemotherapy, and migration patterns. As the overall survival rates of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC) remain poor due to limitations in surgery and irradiation and chemotherapy resistance, SphK1 is an important enzyme to investigate. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the impact of SphK1 on irradiation efficacy of HNSCC in-vitro with emphasis on EGFR signaling. By immunhistochemical staining we found a positive correlation between EGFR and SphK1 expression in patient specimens. In colony formation assays irradiation sensitive cell lines showed a poor response to cetuximab, an EGFR inhibitor, and SKI-II, a SphK1 inhibitor, and vice versa. In irradiation sensitive cells an enhanced reduction of cell migration and survival was found upon simultaneous targeting of EGFR and SphK1. In the present study, we elucidated a linkage between the two signaling pathways with regard to the efficacy of cetuximab treatment and the impact on the migration behavior of tumor cells. We investigated the biological impact of inhibiting these pathways and examined the biochemical implications after different treatments. An understanding of the processes involved could help to improve the treatment of patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Schiefler
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Guido Piontek
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Johannes Doescher
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Dominik Schuettler
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Martin Mißlbeck
- Department of Radiotherapy, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Martina Rudelius
- Institute of Pathology, Julius-Maximilians-University and Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, 97080 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Anna Haug
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rudolf Reiter
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Phoniatrics and Pedaudiology, University of Ulm, Prittwitzstr. 43, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Gero Brockhoff
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Anja Pickhard
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Muenchen, Germany
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Alshaker H, Wang Q, Frampton AE, Krell J, Waxman J, Winkler M, Stebbing J, Cooper C, Yagüe E, Pchejetski D. Sphingosine kinase 1 contributes to leptin-induced STAT3 phosphorylation through IL-6/gp130 transactivation in oestrogen receptor-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2015; 149:59-67. [PMID: 25481644 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-014-3228-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a known risk factor for breast cancer. We have recently identified that adipokine leptin regulates the expression of a proto-oncogenic enzyme sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1). Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been linked to breast cancer progression and here we investigate the mechanism of leptin-induced STAT3 activation in ER-negative breast cancer. Gene and protein expression in human primary and secondary breast cancer tissues was analysed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay and immunofluorescence. Leptin-induced signalling was analysed in human ER-negative breast cancer cells using Western blotting, qRT-PCR and radiolabelling assays. Gene expression and receptor signalling was modified using small interfering RNA and neutralising antibodies. In human ER-negative breast tumours and lymph node metastases, the expression of leptin receptor significantly correlated with SK1. In ER-negative breast cancer cells, SK1 knockdown led to a significant reduction in leptin-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. Knockdown of another known activator of STAT3 signalling, gp130 also resulted in a significant decrease in leptin-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. ELISA assay showed that leptin produces a significant amount of IL-6 in an SK1-dependent manner. IL-6 neutralising antibodies significantly reduced p-STAT3. Immunofluorescent staining of human primary and secondary breast tumours showed significant correlation between SK1 and IL-6 (P < 0.001), SK1 and p-STAT3 (P < 0.01) and IL-6 and p-STAT3 (P < 0.01). Our findings demonstrate that leptin-induced STAT3 is partially cross activated through SK1-mediated IL6 secretion and gp130 activation. Positive correlations in human tissues suggest the potential significance of this pathway in ER-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, 1st Floor ICTEM, Ducane Road, London, W120NN, UK,
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26
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Alshaker H, Krell J, Frampton AE, Waxman J, Blyuss O, Zaikin A, Winkler M, Stebbing J, Yagüe E, Pchejetski D. Leptin induces upregulation of sphingosine kinase 1 in oestrogen receptor-negative breast cancer via Src family kinase-mediated, janus kinase 2-independent pathway. Breast Cancer Res 2014; 16:426. [PMID: 25482303 PMCID: PMC4303110 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-014-0426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a known risk factor for breast cancer. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) is an oncogenic lipid kinase that is overexpressed in breast tumours and linked with poor prognosis, however, its role in obesity-driven breast cancer was never elucidated. METHODS Human primary and secondary breast cancer tissues were analysed for SK1 and leptin receptor expression using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. Leptin-induced signalling was analysed in human oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive and negative breast cancer cells using Western blotting, qRT-PCR and radiolabelling assays. RESULTS Our findings show for the first time that human primary breast tumours and associated lymph node metastases exhibit a strong correlation between SK1 and leptin receptor expression (Pearson R = 0.78 and R = 0.77, respectively, P <0.001). Both these genes are elevated in metastases of ER-negative patients and show a significant increase in patients with higher body mass index (BMI). Leptin induces SK1 expression and activation in ER-negative breast cancer cell lines MDAMB-231 and BT-549, but not in ER-positive cell lines. Pharmacological inhibition and gene knockdown showed that leptin-induced SK1 activity and expression are mediated by activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and Src family kinase (SFK) pathways, but not by the major pathways downstream of leptin receptor (LEPR) - janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Src-homology 2 domain-containing phosphatase 2 (SHP2) appeared to be key to SK1 activation, and may function as an adaptor protein between SFKs and LEPR. Importantly, leptin-induced breast cancer cell proliferation was abrogated by SK1-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA). CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings demonstrate a novel SFK/ERK1/2-mediated pathway that links leptin signalling and expression of oncogenic enzyme SK1 in breast tumours and suggest the potential significance of this pathway in ER-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, 1st Floor ICTEM, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, London, W120NN UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Petra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Jonathan Krell
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, 1st Floor ICTEM, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, London, W120NN UK
| | - Adam E Frampton
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, 1st Floor ICTEM, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, London, W120NN UK
| | - Jonathan Waxman
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, 1st Floor ICTEM, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, London, W120NN UK
| | - Oleg Blyuss
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 74, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6AU UK
| | - Alexey Zaikin
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 74, Huntley Street, London, WC1E 6AU UK
| | - Mathias Winkler
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, 1st Floor ICTEM, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, London, W120NN UK
| | - Justin Stebbing
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, 1st Floor ICTEM, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, London, W120NN UK
| | - Ernesto Yagüe
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, 1st Floor ICTEM, Hammersmith Hospital, Ducane Road, London, W120NN UK
| | - Dmitri Pchejetski
- School of Medicine, University of East Anglia, Elizabeth Fry Building, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR47TJ UK
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Moon MH, Jeong JK, Lee YJ, Seol JW, Park SY. Sphingosine-1-phosphate inhibits the adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:1153-8. [PMID: 25050633 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a pluripotent lipid mediator that transmits signals through G-protein-coupled receptors to control diverse biological processes. The novel biological activity of S1P in the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was identified in the present study. S1P significantly decreased lipid accumulation in maturing preadipocytes in a dose‑dependent manner. In order to understand the anti‑adipogenic effects of S1P, preadipocytes were treated with S1P, and the change in the expression of several adipogenic transcription factors and enzymes was investigated using quantitative RT-PCR. S1P downregulated the transcriptional levels of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins and adiponectin, which are markers of adipogenic differentiation. The effects of S1P on the levels of mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) signals in preadipocytes were also investigated. The activation of JNK and p38 were downregulated by S1P treatment in human preadipocytes. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that S1P alters fat mass by directly affecting adipogenesis. This is mediated by the downregulation of adipogenic transcription factors and by inactivation of the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways. Thus, selective targeting of the S1P receptors and sphingosine kinases may have clinical applications for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Hee Moon
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kyo Jeong
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Lee
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Seol
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Youel Park
- Biosafety Research Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
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Brizuela L, Martin C, Jeannot P, Ader I, Gstalder C, Andrieu G, Bocquet M, Laffosse JM, Gomez-Brouchet A, Malavaud B, Sabbadini RA, Cuvillier O. Osteoblast-derived sphingosine 1-phosphate to induce proliferation and confer resistance to therapeutics to bone metastasis-derived prostate cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2014; 8:1181-95. [PMID: 24768038 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2014.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) plays important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation or survival mainly through its surface G-protein-coupled receptors S1P1-5. Bone represents the major site of metastasis for prostate cancer (CaP) cells, which rely on bone-derived factors to support their proliferation and resistance to therapeutics. In the present work we have found that conditioned medium (CM) from the MC3T3 osteoblastic cell line or primary murine and human osteoblast-like cells, as well as co-culture with MC3T3 stimulate proliferation of CaP lines in S1P-dependent manner. In addition, osteoblastic-derived S1P induces resistance of CaP cells to therapeutics including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. When S1P release from osteoblastic cells is decreased (inhibition of SphK1, knock-down of SphK1 or the S1P transporter, Spns2 by siRNA) or secreted S1P neutralized with anti-S1P antibody, the proliferative and survival effects of osteoblasts on CaP cells are abolished. Because of the paracrine nature of the signaling, we studied the role of the S1P receptors expressed on CaP cells in the communication with S1P secreted by osteoblasts. Strategies aimed at down-regulating S1P1, S1P2 or S1P3 (siRNA, antagonists), established the exclusive role of the S1P/S1P1 signaling between osteoblasts and CaP cells. Bone metastases from CaP are associated with osteoblastic differentiation resulting in abnormal bone formation. We show that the autocrine S1P/S1P3 signaling is central during differentiation to mature osteoblasts by regulating Runx2 level, a key transcription factor involved in osteoblastic maturation. Importantly, differentiated osteoblasts exhibited enhanced secretion of S1P and further stimulated CaP cell proliferation in a S1P-dependent manner. By establishing the dual role of osteoblast-borne S1P on both osteoblastic differentiation and CaP cell proliferation and survival, we uncover the importance of S1P in the bone metastatic microenvironment, which may open a novel area of study for the treatment of CaP bone metastasis by targeting S1P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyre Brizuela
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, France
| | - Claire Martin
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, France
| | - Pauline Jeannot
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, France
| | - Isabelle Ader
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, France
| | - Cécile Gstalder
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, France
| | - Guillaume Andrieu
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, France
| | - Magalie Bocquet
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, France
| | - Jean-Michel Laffosse
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France; CHU Toulouse, Service d'orthopédie et Traumatologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Gomez-Brouchet
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France; CHU Toulouse, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Malavaud
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, France; CHU Toulouse, Service d'Urologie et de Transplantation Rénale, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Olivier Cuvillier
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, France.
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Fujimoto N, Shiota M, Kubo T, Matsumoto T. Novel therapeutic strategies following docetaxel-based chemotherapy in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2014; 3:785-95. [DOI: 10.1586/ecp.10.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ruckhäberle E, Karn T, Denkert C, Loibl S, Ataseven B, Reimer T, Becker S, Holtrich U, Rody A, Darb-Esfahani S, Nekljudova V, von Minckwitz G. Predictive value of sphingosine kinase 1 expression in neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2013; 139:1681-9. [PMID: 23955546 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-013-1490-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sphingolipids play important roles in apoptosis and cell proliferation. Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) expression has a prognostic impact in primary breast cancer, but its predictive value is currently unknown. METHODS A total of 112 breast cancer specimens from a prospective neoadjuvant chemotherapy trial (GeparDuo) were studied. Using tissue microarrays of pre-treatment core cut biopsies, we determined the expression of SphK1 by immunohistochemistry. The upper quartile of the cohort according to an immune reactive score of SphK1 was used as cutoff for high expression. RESULTS We observed a larger number of samples with high SphK1 expression among ER-negative cancers (36.8 vs. 20.5 % among ER-positive cancers; Fisher test p = 0.073). Eighteen of the 112 patients demonstrated a pathological complete response. A significant predictive value for pathological complete response was observed for ER negativity (p = 0.003), young age (p = 0.037), and high tumor grade (p = 0.049). An increased pCR rate was observed in tumors with high SphK1 expression within the luminal subtype (26.7 vs. 5.8 %; Fisher test p = 0.040). No significant difference in survival was detected according to SphK1 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that SphK1 may be a predictive factor for pCR after neoadjuvant treatment in luminal type breast cancers and warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugen Ruckhäberle
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurter, Germany
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Alshaker H, Sauer L, Monteil D, Ottaviani S, Srivats S, Böhler T, Pchejetski D. Therapeutic potential of targeting SK1 in human cancers. Adv Cancer Res 2013; 117:143-200. [PMID: 23290780 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394274-6.00006-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) is a lipid enzyme with oncogenic properties that converts the proapoptotic lipids ceramide and sphingosine into the antiapoptotic lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate and activates the signal transduction pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, the activation of the inflammatory response, and the impairment of apoptosis. There is compelling evidence that SK1 activation contributes to cancer progression leading to increased oncogenic transformation, tumor growth, resistance to therapies, tumor neovascularization, and metastatic spread. High levels of SK1 expression or activity have been associated with a poor prognosis in several human cancers. Recent studies using cancer cell and mouse models demonstrate a significant potential for SK1-targeting therapies to synergize with the effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy; however, until recently the absence of clinically applicable SK1 inhibitors has limited the translation of these findings into patients. With the recent discovery of SK1 inhibiting properties of a clinically approved drug FTY720 (Fingolimod), SK1 has gained significant attention from both clinicians and the pharmaceutical industry and it is hoped that trials of newly developed SK1 inhibitors may follow soon. This review provides an overview of the SK1 signaling, its relevance to cancer progression, and the potential clinical significance of targeting SK1 for improved local or systemic control of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Alshaker
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Abstract
The role of sphingolipids as bioactive signaling molecules that can regulate cell fate decisions puts them at center stage for cancer treatment and prevention. While ceramide and sphingosine have been established as antigrowth molecules, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) offers a progrowth message to cells. The enzymes responsible for maintaining the balance between these "stop" or "go" signals are the sphingosine kinases (SK), SK1 and SK2. While the relative contribution of SK2 is still being elucidated and may involve an intranuclear role, a substantial amount of evidence suggests that regulation of sphingolipid levels by SK1 is an important component of carcinogenesis. Here, we review the literature regarding the role of SK1 as an oncogene that can function to enhance cancer cell viability and promote tumor growth and metastasis; highlighting the importance of developing specific SK1 inhibitors to supplement current cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda A Heffernan-Stroud
- Molecular and Cellular Biology and Pathobiology Program, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Abstract
Non-surgical therapies for human malignancies must negotiate complex cell signaling pathways to impede cancer cell growth, ideally promoting death of cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue. For most of the past half century, medical approaches for treating cancer have relied primarily on cytotoxic chemotherapeutics that interfere with DNA replication and cell division, susceptibilities of rapidly dividing cancer cells. As a consequence, these therapies exert considerable cell stress, promoting the generation of ceramide through de novo synthesis and recycling of complex glycosphingolipids and sphingomyelin into apoptotic ceramide. Radiotherapy of cancer exerts similar geno- and cytotoxic cell stresses, and generation of ceramide following ionizing radiation therapy is a well-described feature of radiation-induced cell death. Emerging evidence now describes sphingolipids as mediators of death in response to newer targeted therapies, cementing ceramide generation as a common mechanism of cell death in response to cancer therapy. Many studies have now shown that dysregulation of ceramide accumulation-whether by reduced generation or accelerated metabolism-is a common mechanism of resistance to standard cancer therapies. The aims of this chapter will be to discuss described mechanisms of cancer resistance to therapy related to dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism and to explore clinical and preclinical approaches to interdict sphingolipid metabolism to improve outcomes of standard cancer therapies.
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Wallington-Beddoe CT, Bradstock KF, Bendall LJ. Oncogenic properties of sphingosine kinases in haematological malignancies. Br J Haematol 2013; 161:623-638. [PMID: 23521541 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The sphingosine kinases (SphKs) have relatively recently been implicated in contributing to malignant cellular processes with particular interest in the oncogenic properties of SPHK1. Whilst SPHK1 has received considerable attention as a putative oncoprotein, SPHK2 has been much more difficult to study, with often conflicting data surrounding its role in cancer. Initial studies focused on non-haemopoietic malignancies, however a growing body of literature on the role of sphingolipid metabolism in haemopoietic malignancies is now emerging. This review provides an overview of the current state of knowledge of the SphKs and the bioactive lipid sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), the product of the reaction they catalyse. It then reviews the current literature regarding the roles of S1P and the SphKs in haemopoietic malignancies and discusses the compounds currently available that modulate sphingolipid metabolism and their potential and shortcomings as therapeutic agents for the treatment of haematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig T Wallington-Beddoe
- Westmead Institute for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Linda J Bendall
- Westmead Institute for Cancer Research, Westmead Millennium Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Rosa R, Marciano R, Malapelle U, Formisano L, Nappi L, D'Amato C, D'Amato V, Damiano V, Marfè G, Del Vecchio S, Zannetti A, Greco A, De Stefano A, Carlomagno C, Veneziani BM, Troncone G, De Placido S, Bianco R. Sphingosine kinase 1 overexpression contributes to cetuximab resistance in human colorectal cancer models. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 19:138-47. [PMID: 23166225 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although the anti-EGF receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody cetuximab is an effective strategy in colorectal cancer therapy, its clinical use is limited by intrinsic or acquired resistance. Alterations in the "sphingolipid rheostat"-the balance between the proapoptotic molecule ceramide and the mitogenic factor sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)-due to sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) overactivation have been involved in resistance to anticancer-targeted agents. Moreover, cross-talks between SphK1 and EGFR-dependent signaling pathways have been described. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We investigated SphK1 contribution to cetuximab resistance in colorectal cancer, in preclinical in vitro/in vivo models, and in tumor specimens from patients. RESULTS SphK1 was found overexpressed and overactivated in colorectal cancer cells with intrinsic or acquired resistance to cetuximab. SphK1 contribution to resistance was supported by the demonstration that SphK1 inhibition by N,N-dimethyl-sphingosine or silencing via siRNA in resistant cells restores sensitivity to cetuximab, whereas exogenous SphK1 overexpression in sensitive cells confers resistance to these agents. Moreover, treatment of resistant cells with fingolimod (FTY720), a S1P receptor (S1PR) antagonist, resulted in resensitization to cetuximab both in vitro and in vivo, with inhibition of tumor growth, interference with signal transduction, induction of cancer cells apoptosis, and prolongation of mice survival. Finally, a correlation between SphK1 expression and cetuximab response was found in colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Rosa
- Dipartimenti di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Molecolare e Clinica, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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Nunes J, Naymark M, Sauer L, Muhammad A, Keun H, Sturge J, Stebbing J, Waxman J, Pchejetski D. Circulating sphingosine-1-phosphate and erythrocyte sphingosine kinase-1 activity as novel biomarkers for early prostate cancer detection. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:909-15. [PMID: 22315056 PMCID: PMC3305969 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current markers available for screening normal populations and for monitoring prostate cancer (PCa) treatment lack sensitivity and selectivity. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a circulating lipid second messenger involved in cell growth and migration, the immune response, angiogenesis, and malignant transformation. METHODS Eighty-eight patients with localised, locally advanced, or metastatic PCa were recruited into this prospective single-centre study. Plasma S1P levels were measured and compared with age-matched controls with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) (n=110) or with young healthy males with the very small chance of having PCa foci (n=20). RESULTS Levels of circulating S1P were significantly higher in healthy subjects (10.36 ± 0.69 pmol per mg protein, P<0.0001) and patients with BPH (9.39 ± 0.75, P=0.0013) than in patients with PCa (6.89 ± 0.58, ANOVA, P=0.0019). Circulating S1P levels were an early marker of PCa progression to hormonal unresponsiveness and correlated with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and lymph node metastasis. During the course of the study, nine patients have died of PCa. Importantly, their circulating S1P levels were significantly lower (5.11 ± 0.75) than in the surviving patients (7.02 ± 0.22, n=79, P=0.0439). Our data suggest that the decrease in circulating S1P during PCa progression may stem from a highly significant downregulation of erythrocyte sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1) activity (2.14 ± 0.17 pmol per mg protein per minute in PCa patients vs 4.7 ± 0.42 in healthy individuals, P<0.0001), which may be a potential mechanism of cancer-induced anaemia. CONCLUSION This current study has provided a potential mechanism for cancer-related anaemia and the first evidence that plasma S1P and erythrocyte SphK1 activity are the potential markers for the diagnosis, monitoring, and predicating for PCa mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nunes
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Cyclotron Building, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - M Naymark
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Cyclotron Building, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - L Sauer
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Cyclotron Building, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - A Muhammad
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Cyclotron Building, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - H Keun
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Imperial College London, Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - J Sturge
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Cyclotron Building, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - J Stebbing
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Cyclotron Building, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - J Waxman
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Cyclotron Building, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - D Pchejetski
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Cyclotron Building, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, UK
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Su YJ, Huang JA, Liu SQ, Zhong YY, Qin MB. Sphingosine kinase 1 enhances cell proliferation and migration and suppresses apoptosis in human colon cancer cell line lovo. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2012; 20:276-281. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v20.i4.276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) on the proliferation, apoptosis and migration of colon cancer cells and to explore the molecular mechanisms involved.
METHODS: Cultured lovo cells were divided into three groups: PMA group, DMS group and control group. Cells of the PMA group were treated with 100 nmol/L of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). The DMS group was treated with 50 µmol/L N, N-dimethylsphingosine (DMS), while the control group was treated with equal volume of culture medium. After treatment, cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay and colony formation assay, and cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. Cell migration was assessed using Transwell chamber assays. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression of Sphk1 and FAK, respectively.
RESULTS: PMA significantly enhanced cell proliferation and migration but suppressed cell apoptosis, whereas DMS suppressed cell proliferation and migration but enhanced cell apoptosis. Cell viability, colony formation rate, apoptosis rate and number of migrated cells for the control group, PMA group and DMS group were as follows: cell viability: 0.71 ± 0.03, 1.05 ± 0.05 and 0.46 ± 0.04; colony formation rate: 1.32% ± 0.26%, 2.17% ± 0.17% and 0.73% ± 0.13%; apoptosis rate: 16.25%, 9.15% and 32.58%; number of migrated cells: 72.19 ± 3.36 vs 98.46 ± 6.25 vs 40.48 ± 4.27 (all P < 0.05 vs the control group). PMA significantly up-regulated the expression and activity of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), while DMS down-regulated the expression and activity of FAK (FAK mRNA: 0.151 ± 0.008 vs 0.212 ± 0.014 vs 0.114 ± 0.021; FAK protein: 0.332 ± 0.022 vs 0.374 ± 0.029 vs 0.296 ± 0.018; phosphor-FAK protein: 0.186 ± 0.032 vs 0.234 ± 0.017 vs 0.112 ± 0.023; all P < 0.05 vs the control group).
CONCLUSION: SphK1 enhances cell proliferation and migration and suppresses cell apoptosis in human colon cancer cell line lovo possibly by activating FAK.
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Sphingosine kinase type 1 inhibition reveals rapid turnover of circulating sphingosine 1-phosphate. Biochem J 2012; 440:345-53. [PMID: 21848514 DOI: 10.1042/bj20110817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
S1P (sphingosine 1-phosphate) is a signalling molecule involved in a host of cellular and physiological functions, most notably cell survival and migration. S1P, which signals via a set of five G-protein-coupled receptors (S1P1-S1P5), is formed by the action of two SphKs (sphingosine kinases) from Sph (sphingosine). Interfering RNA strategies and SphK1 (sphingosine kinase type 1)-null (Sphk1-/-) mouse studies implicate SphK1 in multiple signalling cascades, yet there is a paucity of potent and selective SphK1 inhibitors necessary to evaluate the effects of rapid onset inhibition of this enzyme. We have identified a set of submicromolar amidine-based SphK1 inhibitors and report using a pair of these compounds to probe the cellular and physiological functions of SphK1. In so doing, we demonstrate that our inhibitors effectively lower S1P levels in cell-based assays, but we have been unable to correlate SphK1 inhibition with changes in cell survival. However, SphK1 inhibition did diminish EGF (epidermal growth factor)-driven increases in S1P levels and Akt (also known as protein kinase B)/ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) phosphorylation. Finally, administration of the SphK1 inhibitor to wild-type, but not Sphk1-/-, mice resulted in a rapid decrease in blood S1P levels indicating that circulating S1P is rapidly turned over.
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Gault CR, Obeid LM. Still benched on its way to the bedside: sphingosine kinase 1 as an emerging target in cancer chemotherapy. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2011; 46:342-51. [PMID: 21787121 DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2011.597737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
For several decades, lipid biologists have investigated how sphingolipids contribute to physiology, cell biology, and cell fate. Foremost among these discoveries is the finding that the bioactive sphingolipids ceramide, sphingosine, and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) have diverse and often opposing effects on cell fate. Interestingly, these bioactive sphingolipids can be interconverted by just a few enzymatic reactions. Therefore, much attention has been paid to the enzymes which govern these reactions with a disproportionate amount of focus on the enzyme sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1). Several studies have found that tissue expression of SK1 correlates with cancer stage, chemotherapy response, and tumor aggressiveness. In addition, overexpression of SK1 in multiple cancer cell lines increases their resistance to chemotherapy, promotes proliferation, allows for anchorage independent growth, and increases local angiogenesis. Inhibition of SK1 using either pharmacological inhibitors or by crossing SK1 null mice has shown promise in many xenograft models of cancer, as well as several genetic and chemically induced mouse models of carcinogenesis. Here, we review the majority of the evidence that suggests SK1 is a promising target for the prevention and/or treatment of various cancers. Also, we strongly advocate for further research into basic mechanisms of bioactive sphingolipid signaling, and an increased focus on the efficacy of SK inhibitors in non-xenograft models of cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Gault
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425-7790, USA
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Pchejetski D, Foussal C, Alfarano C, Lairez O, Calise D, Guilbeau-Frugier C, Schaak S, Seguelas MH, Wanecq E, Valet P, Parini A, Kunduzova O. Apelin prevents cardiac fibroblast activation and collagen production through inhibition of sphingosine kinase 1. Eur Heart J 2011; 33:2360-9. [PMID: 22028387 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Activation of cardiac fibroblasts and their differentiation into myofibroblasts is a key event in the progression of cardiac fibrosis that leads to end-stage heart failure. Apelin, an adipocyte-derived factor, exhibits a number of cardioprotective properties; however, whether apelin is involved in cardiac fibroblast activation and myofibroblast formation remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of apelin in activated cardiac fibroblasts, the potential related mechanisms and impact on cardiac fibrotic remodelling process. METHODS AND RESULTS In vitro experiments were performed in mouse cardiac fibroblasts obtained from normal and pressure-overload hearts. Pretreatment of naive cardiac fibroblasts with apelin (1-100 nM) inhibited Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-mediated expression of the myofibroblast marker α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen production. Furthermore, apelin decreased the spontaneous collagen production in cardiac fibroblasts isolated from hearts after aortic banding. Knockdown strategy and pharmacological inhibition revealed that prevention of collagen accumulation by apelin was mediated by a reduction in sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) activity. In vivo studies using the aortic banding model indicated that pretreatment with apelin attenuated the development of myocardial fibrotic remodelling and inhibited cardiac SphK1 activity and α-SMA expression. Moreover, administration of apelin 2 weeks after aortic banding prevented cardiac remodelling by inhibiting myocyte hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, and ventricular dysfunction. CONCLUSION Our data provide the first evidence that apelin inhibits TGF-β-stimulated activation of cardiac fibroblasts through a SphK1-dependent mechanism. We also demonstrated that the administration of apelin during the phase of reactive fibrosis prevents structural remodelling of the myocardium and ventricular dysfunction. These findings may have important implications for designing future therapies for myocardial performance during fibrotic remodelling, affecting the clinical management of patients with progressive heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Pchejetski
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) is a lipid enzyme with oncogenic properties that converts the proapoptotic lipid sphingosine into the antiapoptotic lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate, which activates the signal transduction pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, activation of the inflammatory response and impairment of apoptosis. Compelling evidence suggests that SK1 activation contributes to cancer progression leading to increased oncogenic transformation, tumor growth, resistance to therapies, tumor neovascularization and metastatic spread. High levels of SK1 expression or activity have been associated with poor prognosis in several cancers, including those of the prostate. Recent studies using prostate cancer cell and mouse models demonstrate a significant potential for SK1-targeting therapies to synergize with the effects of docetaxel chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, until recently the absence of clinically applicable SK1 inhibitors has limited the translation of these findings into patients. With the recent discovery that clinically approved drug fingolimod has SK1-inhibiting properties, SK1 has gained significant attention from both clinicians and the pharmaceutical industry and it is hoped that trials of newly developed SK1 inhibitors might follow soon.
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Yoshimitsu Y, Oishi S, Miyagaki J, Inuki S, Ohno H, Fujii N. Pachastrissamine (jaspine B) and its stereoisomers inhibit sphingosine kinases and atypical protein kinase C. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:5402-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.07.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Pchejetski D, Bohler T, Brizuela L, Sauer L, Doumerc N, Golzio M, Salunkhe V, Teissié J, Malavaud B, Waxman J, Cuvillier O. FTY720 (fingolimod) sensitizes prostate cancer cells to radiotherapy by inhibition of sphingosine kinase-1. Cancer Res 2010; 70:8651-61. [PMID: 20959468 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-1388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is widely used as a radical treatment for prostate cancer, but curative treatments are elusive for poorly differentiated tumors where survival is just 15% at 15 years. Dose escalation improves local response rates but is limited by tolerance in normal tissues. A sphingosine analogue, FTY720 (fingolimod), a drug currently in phase III studies for treatment of multiple sclerosis, has been found to be a potent apoptosis inducer in prostate cancer cells. Using in vitro and in vivo approaches, we analyzed the impact of FTY720 on sphingolipid metabolism in hormone-refractory metastatic prostate cancer cells and evaluated its potential as a radiosensitizer on cell lines and prostate tumor xenografts. In prostate cancer cell lines, FTY720 acted as a sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) inhibitor that induced prostate cancer cell apoptosis in a manner independent of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors. In contrast, γ irradiation did not affect SphK1 activity in prostate cancer cells yet synergized with FTY720 to inhibit SphK1. In mice bearing orthotopic or s.c. prostate cancer tumors, we show that FTY720 dramatically increased radiotherapeutic sensitivity, reducing tumor growth and metastasis without toxic side effects. Our findings suggest that low, well-tolerated doses of FTY720 could offer significant improvement to the clinical treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Pchejetski
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Zhong YY, Huang JA, Liu SQ, Qin MB, Jin H. Role of Sphk1 in the proliferation and invasion of human colon cancer Lovo cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2010; 18:2528-2532. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v18.i24.2528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the role of sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1) in the proliferation, apoptosis and invasion of colon cancer cells.
METHODS: Human colon cancer Lovo cells were divided into three groups: Sphk1 activation group [treated with 100 nmol/L phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)], Sphk1 suppression group [treated with 50 mmol/L N,N-dimethyl-D-erythro-sphingosine (DMS)], and control group (treated with 9 g/L NaCl). Cell proliferation activity was detected by MTT assay; cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry; cell invasion was detected by Transwell chamber assay; and the protein expression of Sphk1, ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, and NF-kB p65 was detected by Western blot.
RESULTS: PMA significantly induced the expression of Sphk1 protein, promoted Lovo cell growth and invasion, inhibited cell apoptosis, and up-regulated the protein expression of ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, and NF-kB p65. In contrast, DMS significantly inhibited the expression of Sphk1 protein, suppressed cell growth, promoted apoptosis, and down-regulated the protein expression of ERK1/2, p-ERK1/2, and NF-kB p65. The apoptosis rates in the Sphk1 activation group, Sphk1 suppression group and control group were 9.15%, 16.25% and 32.58%, respectively. The relative invasion rate in the Sphk1 activation group was significantly higher than that in the Sphk1 suppression group (190.57% vs 9.65%, P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Sphk1 promotes the proliferation and invasion but inhibits apoptosis of Lovo cells possibly via a mechanism associated with the activation of ERK1/2 and NF-kB signaling pathways.
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Pchejetski D, Nunes J, Coughlan K, Lall H, Pitson SM, Waxman J, Sumbayev VV. The involvement of sphingosine kinase 1 in LPS-induced Toll-like receptor 4-mediated accumulation of HIF-1α protein, activation of ASK1 and production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. Immunol Cell Biol 2010; 89:268-74. [PMID: 20661259 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2010.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) lie in the core of resistance to infectious diseases allowing host immune cells to specifically detect pathogens by recognising their specific molecular patterns. Cell membrane-associated TLR4 (recognises lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria) and endosomal TLR7/8 (recognise viral single-stranded RNA) are known to activate hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein (necessary for cellular adaptation to the inflammatory stress) via redox-dependent mechanism. TLR4 triggers the cross talk between HIF-1α and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), whereas TLR7/8 activates HIF-1α in the ASK1-independent manner. Here, we report that in THP-1 and RAW264.7 macrophages, ligand-induced activation of the TLR4 but not TLR7/8 induces activation and transcriptional upregulation of sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) in extracellular signal-regulating kinase and phospholipase C-1γ/PI3 kinase-dependent manner. TLR4-mediated SphK1 activation was found to be critical for the redox-dependent activation of HIF-1α and ASK1, as well as for the prevention of LPS-induced activation of caspase 3 and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Pchejetski
- Department of Oncology, Hammersmith hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Circulating sphingosine-1-phosphate inversely correlates with chemotherapy-induced weight gain during early breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2010; 124:543-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-010-0968-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Brizuela L, Dayon A, Doumerc N, Ader I, Golzio M, Izard JC, Hara Y, Malavaud B, Cuvillier O. The sphingosine kinase-1 survival pathway is a molecular target for the tumor-suppressive tea and wine polyphenols in prostate cancer. FASEB J 2010; 24:3882-94. [PMID: 20522783 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-160838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The sphingosine kinase-1/sphingosine 1-phosphate (SphK1/S1P) pathway has been associated with cancer promotion and progression and resistance to treatments in a number of cancers, including prostate adenocarcinoma. Here we provide the first evidence that dietary agents, namely, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg, IC(50)≈75 μM), resveratrol (IC(50)≈40 μM), or a mixture of polyphenols from green tea [polyphenon E (PPE), IC(50)≈70 μM] or grapevine extract (vineatrol, IC(50)≈30 μM), impede prostate cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the SphK1/S1P pathway. We establish that SphK1 is a downstream effector of the ERK/phospholipase D (PLD) pathway, which is inhibited by green tea and wine polyphenols. Enforced expression of SphK1 impaired the ability of green tea and wine polyphenols, as well as pharmacological inhibitors of PLD and ERK activities, to induce apoptosis in PC-3 and C4-2B cells. The therapeutic efficacy of these polyphenols on tumor growth and the SphK1/S1P pathway were confirmed in animals using a heterotopic PC-3 tumor in place model. PC-3/SphK1 cells implanted in animals developed larger tumors and resistance to treatment with polyphenols. Furthermore, using an orthotopic PC-3/GFP model, the chemopreventive effect of an EGCg or PPE diet was associated with SphK1 inhibition, a decrease in primary tumor volume, and occurrence and number of metastases. These results provide the first demonstration that the prosurvival, antiapoptotic SphK1/S1P pathway represents a target of dietary green tea and wine polyphenols in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyre Brizuela
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
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Dayon A, Brizuela L, Martin C, Mazerolles C, Pirot N, Doumerc N, Nogueira L, Golzio M, Teissié J, Serre G, Rischmann P, Malavaud B, Cuvillier O. Sphingosine kinase-1 is central to androgen-regulated prostate cancer growth and survival. PLoS One 2009; 4:e8048. [PMID: 19956567 PMCID: PMC2779655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sphingosine kinase-1 (SphK1) is an oncogenic lipid kinase notably involved in response to anticancer therapies in prostate cancer. Androgens regulate prostate cancer cell proliferation, and androgen deprivation therapy is the standard of care in the management of patients with advanced disease. Here, we explored the role of SphK1 in the regulation of androgen-dependent prostate cancer cell growth and survival. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Short-term androgen removal induced a rapid and transient SphK1 inhibition associated with a reduced cell growth in vitro and in vivo, an event that was not observed in the hormono-insensitive PC-3 cells. Supporting the critical role of SphK1 inhibition in the rapid effect of androgen depletion, its overexpression could impair the cell growth decrease. Similarly, the addition of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) to androgen-deprived LNCaP cells re-established cell proliferation, through an androgen receptor/PI3K/Akt dependent stimulation of SphK1, and inhibition of SphK1 could markedly impede the effects of DHT. Conversely, long-term removal of androgen support in LNCaP and C4-2B cells resulted in a progressive increase in SphK1 expression and activity throughout the progression to androgen-independence state, which was characterized by the acquisition of a neuroendocrine (NE)-like cell phenotype. Importantly, inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway--by negatively impacting SphK1 activity--could prevent NE differentiation in both cell models, an event that could be mimicked by SphK1 inhibitors. Fascinatingly, the reversability of the NE phenotype by exposure to normal medium was linked with a pronounced inhibition of SphK1 activity. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE We report the first evidence that androgen deprivation induces a differential effect on SphK1 activity in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer cell models. These results also suggest that SphK1 activation upon chronic androgen deprivation may serve as a compensatory mechanism allowing prostate cancer cells to survive in androgen-depleted environment, giving support to its inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy to delay/prevent the transition to androgen-independent prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Dayon
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France
| | - Leyre Brizuela
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Martin
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Mazerolles
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Rangueil, Laboratoire Anatomie Pathologique et Histologie-Cytologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Nelly Pirot
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Doumerc
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Rangueil, Service d'Urologie et de Transplantation Rénale, Toulouse, France
| | - Leonor Nogueira
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Cytologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Golzio
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France
| | - Justin Teissié
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France
| | - Guy Serre
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Purpan, Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Cytologie, Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Rischmann
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Rangueil, Service d'Urologie et de Transplantation Rénale, Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Malavaud
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Rangueil, Service d'Urologie et de Transplantation Rénale, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Cuvillier
- CNRS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, IPBS, Toulouse, France
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital Rangueil, Service d'Urologie et de Transplantation Rénale, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail:
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