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Chantarasrivong C, Okada R, Yamane Y, Yang X, Higuchi Y, Konishi M, Komura N, Ando H, Yokokawa R, Yamashita F. Disposition of E-selectin-targeting liposomes in tumor spheroids with a perfusable vascular network. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2022; 47:100469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2022.100469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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2
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Huijbers EJM, Khan KA, Kerbel RS, Griffioen AW. Tumors resurrect an embryonic vascular program to escape immunity. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabm6388. [PMID: 35030032 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abm6388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth J M Huijbers
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kabir A Khan
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Robert S Kerbel
- Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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3
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Wilkinson AL, Qurashi M, Shetty S. The Role of Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells in the Axis of Inflammation and Cancer Within the Liver. Front Physiol 2020; 11:990. [PMID: 32982772 PMCID: PMC7485256 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC) form a unique barrier between the liver sinusoids and the underlying parenchyma, and thus play a crucial role in maintaining metabolic and immune homeostasis, as well as actively contributing to disease pathophysiology. Whilst their endocytic and scavenging function is integral for nutrient exchange and clearance of waste products, their capillarisation and dysfunction precedes fibrogenesis. Furthermore, their ability to promote immune tolerance and recruit distinct immunosuppressive leukocyte subsets can allow persistence of chronic viral infections and facilitate tumour development. In this review, we present the immunological and barrier functions of LSEC, along with their role in orchestrating fibrotic processes which precede tumourigenesis. We also summarise the role of LSEC in modulating the tumour microenvironment, and promoting development of a pre-metastatic niche, which can drive formation of secondary liver tumours. Finally, we summarise closely inter-linked disease pathways which collectively perpetuate pathogenesis, highlighting LSEC as novel targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shishir Shetty
- Centre for Liver and Gastrointestinal Research, Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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4
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Haltalli MLR, Lo Celso C. Targeting adhesion to the vascular niche to improve therapy for acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3691. [PMID: 32703951 PMCID: PMC7378234 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17594-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Niche hijack by malignant cells is considered to be a prominent cause of disease relapse. Barbier and colleagues uncover (E)-selectin as a novel mediator of malignant cell survival and regeneration which, upon blockade, has the potential to significantly improve therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam L R Haltalli
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, SW7 2AZ, London, UK
- The Francis Crick Institute, WC2A 3LY, London, UK
- Wellcome - Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0AW, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cristina Lo Celso
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, SW7 2AZ, London, UK.
- The Francis Crick Institute, WC2A 3LY, London, UK.
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5
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Kiziltunc Ozmen H, Simsek M. Serum IL-23, E-selectin and sICAM levels in non-small cell lung cancer patients before and after radiotherapy. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520923493. [PMID: 32419551 PMCID: PMC7235674 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520923493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The functions of E-selectin, interleukin (IL)-23, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients before and after radiotherapy (RT) are poorly understood. The purpose of our study was to investigate serum IL-23, E-selectin and sICAM levels in NSCLC patients before and after RT. Methods Forty-four patients with pathologically confirmed NSCLC and 30 healthy individuals were included in the study. All patients received 66.6 Gy of concurrent RT. Results Significant differences were observed between serum IL-23, E-selectin and sICAM levels in controls and NSCLC patients both before and after radiotherapy. Inverse correlations were detected between serum IL-23 and E-selectin levels in NSCLC patients before and after RT. Positive correlations were detected between serum sICAM levels of NSCLC patients before and after RT and RT dose. No associations were observed between RT dose and IL-23 or E-selectin levels in patients before and after RT. Conclusion Serum IL-23, E-selectin and sICAM levels were elevated in NSCLC patients. While our results demonstrate the prognostic value of these parameters, further molecular studies of NSCLC patients are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Kiziltunc Ozmen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Anethesiology Clinical Research Office, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Melih Simsek
- Department of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Barbier V, Erbani J, Fiveash C, Davies JM, Tay J, Tallack MR, Lowe J, Magnani JL, Pattabiraman DR, Perkins AC, Lisle J, Rasko JEJ, Levesque JP, Winkler IG. Endothelial E-selectin inhibition improves acute myeloid leukaemia therapy by disrupting vascular niche-mediated chemoresistance. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2042. [PMID: 32341362 PMCID: PMC7184728 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelial cell adhesion molecule E-selectin is a key component of the bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) vascular niche regulating balance between HSC self-renewal and commitment. We now report in contrast, E-selectin directly triggers signaling pathways that promote malignant cell survival and regeneration. Using acute myeloid leukemia (AML) mouse models, we show AML blasts release inflammatory mediators that upregulate endothelial niche E-selectin expression. Alterations in cell-surface glycosylation associated with oncogenesis enhances AML blast binding to E-selectin and enable promotion of pro-survival signaling through AKT/NF-κB pathways. In vivo AML blasts with highest E-selectin binding potential are 12-fold more likely to survive chemotherapy and main contributors to disease relapse. Absence (in Sele−/− hosts) or therapeutic blockade of E-selectin using small molecule mimetic GMI-1271/Uproleselan effectively inhibits this niche-mediated pro-survival signaling, dampens AML blast regeneration, and strongly synergizes with chemotherapy, doubling the duration of mouse survival over chemotherapy alone, whilst protecting endogenous HSC. The cell adhesion molecule E-selectin regulates haematopoietic stem cell self-renewal in the bone marrow vascular niche. Here, the authors show E-selectin adhesion directly induces survival signaling in acute myeloid leukaemia and therapeutic inhibition improves chemotherapy outcomes in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Barbier
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Johanna Erbani
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.
| | - Corrine Fiveash
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Julie M Davies
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Joshua Tay
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael R Tallack
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Jessica Lowe
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Diwakar R Pattabiraman
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.,Molecular and Systems Biology, Norris Cotton Cancer Centre, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Andrew C Perkins
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.,Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Prahan, Vic, Australia
| | - Jessica Lisle
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - John E J Rasko
- Gene and Stem Cell Therapy Program, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Department of Cell and Molecular Therapies, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Jean-Pierre Levesque
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Ingrid G Winkler
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.
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Emami J, Ansarypour Z. Receptor targeting drug delivery strategies and prospects in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Res Pharm Sci 2019; 14:471-487. [PMID: 32038727 PMCID: PMC6937749 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.272534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic inflammatory disease, is characterized by cartilage damage, bone tissue destruction, morphological changes in synovial fluids, and synovial joint inflammation. The inflamed synovial tissue has potential for passive and active targeting because of enhanced permeability and retention effect and the existence of RA synovial macrophages and fibroblasts that selectively express surface receptors such as folate receptor β, CD44 and integrin αVβ. Although there are numerous interventions in RA treatment, they are not safe and effective. Therefore, it is important to develop new drug or drug delivery systems that specifically targets inflamed/swollen joints but attenuates other possible damages to healthy tissues. Recently some receptors such as toll-like receptors (TLRs), the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors, and Fc-γ receptor have been identified in synovial tissue and immune cells that are involved in induction or suppression of arthritis. Analysis of the TLR pathway has moreover suggested new insights into the pathogenesis of RA. In the present paper, we have reviewed drug delivery strategies based on receptor targeting with novel ligand-anchored carriers exploiting CD44, folate and integrin αVβ as well as TLRs expressed on synovial monocytes and macrophages and antigen presenting cells, for possible active targeting in RA. TLRs could not only open a new horizon for developing new drugs but also their antagonists or humanized monoclonal antibodies that block TLRS specially TLR4 and TLR9 signaling could be used as targeting agents to antigen presenting cells and dendritic cells. As a conclusion, common conventional receptors and multifunctional ligands that arte involved in targeting receptors or developing nanocarriers with appropriate ligands for TLRs can provide profoundly targeting drug delivery systems for the effective treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaber Emami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Zahra Ansarypour
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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Qi J, Wu Q, Zhu X, Zhang S, Chen X, Chen W, Sun Z, Zhu M, Miao C. Propofol attenuates the adhesion of tumor and endothelial cells through inhibiting glycolysis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2019; 51:1114-1122. [PMID: 31650167 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmz105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Propofol is one of the most commonly used intravenous anesthetics and plays an important role in tumor suppression. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism by which propofol attenuates tumor endothelial cells (TECs) and tumor cell adhesion to inhibit tumor metastasis in vitro. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium were treated with tumor conditioned medium for 24 h, followed by 4 h of treatment with or without 25 μM of propofol, 10 μM of KN93, 500 μM of MK801, or 20 μM of rapastinel. It was found that propofol inhibited TEC adhesion and the glycolysis level of TECs. Consistently, propofol inhibited the expressions of adhesion molecules (E-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1) and glycolysis proteins (GLUT1, HK2, and LDHA) in TECs. Moreover, propofol attenuated the expression of HIF-1α, the phosphorylation of AKT and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), and the Ca2+ concentration in TECs. MK801, an inhibitor of NMDA receptor, and KN93, an inhibitor of CaMKII, both inhibited the expressions of adhesion molecules and glycolysis proteins, in a manner similar to propofol. Additionally, rapastine, an activator of NMDA receptor, could counteract the effects of propofol. Our results indicated that propofol attenuates intracellular Ca2+ concentration, CaMKII and AKT phosphorylation, and HIF-1α expression, probably via inhibiting the NMDA receptor, thus inhibiting glycolysis and adhesion of tumor and endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Qi
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qichao Wu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xuqin Zhu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shan Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiangyuan Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wankun Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhirong Sun
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Minmin Zhu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Changhong Miao
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Sackstein R. The First Step in Adoptive Cell Immunotherapeutics: Assuring Cell Delivery via Glycoengineering. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3084. [PMID: 30687313 PMCID: PMC6336727 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of intensive attention directed to creation of genetically altered cells (e.g., as in development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells) and/or to achieve requisite in vitro accumulation of desired immunologic effectors (e.g., elaboration of virus-specific T cells, expansion of NK cells, differentiation of dendritic cells, isolation, and propagation of Tregs, etc.), there has been essentially no interest in the most fundamental of all hurdles: assuring tissue-specific delivery of administered therapeutic cells to sites where they are needed. With regards to use of CAR T-cells, the absence of information on the efficacy of cell delivery is striking, especially in light of the clear association between administered cell dose and adverse events, and the obvious fact that pertinent cell acquisition/expansion costs would be dramatically curtailed with more efficient delivery of the administered cell bolus. Herein, based on information garnered from studies of human leukocytes and adult stem cells, the logic underlying the use of cell surface glycoengineering to enforce E-selectin ligand expression will be conveyed in the context of how this approach offers strategies to enhance delivery of CAR T-cells to marrow and to tumor beds. This application of glycoscience principles and techniques with intention to optimize cell therapeutics is a prime example of the emerging field of “translational glycobiology.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sackstein
- Department of Translational Medicine, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
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10
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Mohammadalipour A, Burdick MM, Tees DFJ. Deformability of breast cancer cells in correlation with surface markers and cell rolling. FASEB J 2018; 32:1806-1817. [PMID: 29162703 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700762r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Although the cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis has been around for many years, the reliability of cell-surface markers to classify CSCs has remained debatable. The finding that cancerous cells are significantly more deformable than healthy ones has provided motivation to consider mechanical properties as a possible biomarker for stemness. In this study, using the micropipette aspiration technique, mechanical properties of multiple breast cancer cell lines were investigated and correlated with breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) marker, CD44+/CD24-/ALDH1+. The results indicated that Hs578T and MDA-MB-231 cell lines with CD44+/CD24-/ALDH1+ phenotype were significantly more deformable than the MDA-MB-468 cell line, which did not express the BCSC marker. The BT-20 cell line with intermediate deformability did not express any CD44+/CD24- phenotype, but it expressed aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 activity. In addition, more-deformable cell lines were found to roll with shear-independent velocities on E-selectin-coated substrates in a parallel-plate flow chamber, which might be a mediating factor for firm adhesion of CSCs to endothelium during metastasis. Our results indicate that rheological properties can be considered as a biomechanical marker in addition to, or as a complement of, surface markers to find more-definitive evidence of CSC characteristics within tumors.-Mohammadalipour, A., Burdick, M. M., Tees, D. F. J. Deformability of breast cancer cells in correlation with surface markers and cell rolling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Mohammadalipour
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA; and.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
| | - Monica M Burdick
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA
| | - David F J Tees
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio, USA; and
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Plasma endothelial microparticles reflect the extent of capillaroscopic alterations and correlate with the severity of skin involvement in systemic sclerosis. Microvasc Res 2016; 110:24-31. [PMID: 27889559 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are membrane-coated vesicles shed from endothelial cells and are considered markers of the endothelial state. It has been shown that total numbers of circulating EMPs are increased in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), but their clinical correlations have not yet been investigated in detail. We aimed to assess possible relationships between circulating EMPs and clinical as well as laboratory features among SSc patients with special attention to possible association with alteration in microvascular morphology objectified on nailfold videocapillaroscopy and clinical signs of microvascular complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 47 SSc patients and 27 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. EMPs were identified with flow cytometry after staining platelet-poor plasma with combinations of fluorescent cell-specific monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD31, -51, -42b, -62E and Annexin V). The following types of EMPs were evaluated: total EMPs (CD31+/CD42b-), activated EMPs (CD62E+/AnnV-,) and apoptotic EMPs (CD62E+/AnnV+ or CD51+). Clinical evaluation of patients was obtained, including nailfold videocapillaroscopy. RESULTS All types of EMPs were significantly elevated in SSc patients as compared with healthy controls. We found significant inverse correlation between severity of skin involvement and values of total EMPs (r=-0.32; p=0.02) and their levels tended to be lower in SSc patients with digital ulcers when compared to those without ischaemic skin lesions (p=0.09). Total EMPs and activated EMPs showed correlations with the number of ramified capillaries (r=-0.40 and r=0.37, respectively, p<0.05 for both). Moreover, total EMPs inversely correlated with the severity of capillary loss (r=-0.35, p<0.05) and their levels were significantly lower in patients with late NVC pattern with respect to those with early microangiopathy (p<0.05). On the other hand, active NVC pattern was characterized by strongly elevated levels of activated EMPs when compared to an early vascular alteration (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that quantity and phenotype of circulating EMPs might indicate on molecular vascular damage with endothelial dysfunction and to reflect progressive loss of capillaries consequencing in microvascular insufficiency in SSc patients.
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Korniluk A, Kamińska J, Kiszło P, Kemona H, Dymicka-Piekarska V. Lectin adhesion proteins (P-, L- and E-selectins) as biomarkers in colorectal cancer. Biomarkers 2016; 22:629-634. [PMID: 27775438 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2016.1252967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Selectins probably participate in the interactions between platelets and other inflammatory cells in cancer invasion and metastasis formation. We assessed a potential relationship of P-, L- and E-selectin in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in relation to tumour advancement according to TNM classification, and tumour location. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study group was composed of 53 CRC patients and 25 healthy subjects. Plasma levels of soluble P-, L- and E-selectins were measured using the immunoenzymatic method with Quantikine kits (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN). RESULTS The mean levels of all selectins were significantly higher in CRC patients compared to healthy controls. The highest level of sP-selectin was observed in patients with metastases to the liver (stage IV), and was significantly higher than in patients without metastases (stage I/II) and with lymph node metastases (stage III), p = .02. The highest levels of sL- and sE-selectin were observed in patients with lymph node metastasis. We also found sP-selectin to be the best predictor of CRC. CONCLUSION Our finding show possible involvement of tested selectins in CRC advancement and forming metastasis. Among sL- and E- selectins, P-selectin plays an important role in the progression of CRC and could be an attractive biomarker with clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Korniluk
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Bialystok , Poland
| | - Joanna Kamińska
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Bialystok , Poland
| | - Paweł Kiszło
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Bialystok , Poland
| | - Halina Kemona
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Bialystok , Poland
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Inhibition of E-selectin expression on the surface of endothelial cells inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma growth by preventing tumor angiogenesis. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2016; 77:847-56. [DOI: 10.1007/s00280-016-3006-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hepatic metastatic niche: from normal to pre-metastatic and metastatic niche. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:1493-503. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4557-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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15
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Aiming at the sweet side of cancer: Aberrant glycosylation as possible target for personalized-medicine. Cancer Lett 2014; 352:102-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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16
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Lai EY, Chen ZG, Zhou X, Fan XR, Wang H, Lai PL, Su YC, Zhang BY, Bai XC, Li YF. DEPTOR Expression Negatively Correlates with mTORC1 Activity and Tumor Progression in Colorectal Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 15:4589-94. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.11.4589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Draganov A, Wang D, Wang B. The Future of Boron in Medicinal Chemistry: Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications. TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/7355_2014_65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Applications of organoboron compounds in carbohydrate chemistry and glycobiology: analysis, separation, protection, and activation. Carbohydr Res 2013; 381:112-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Van den Eynden GG, Majeed AW, Illemann M, Vermeulen PB, Bird NC, Høyer-Hansen G, Eefsen RL, Reynolds AR, Brodt P. The multifaceted role of the microenvironment in liver metastasis: biology and clinical implications. Cancer Res 2013; 73:2031-43. [PMID: 23536564 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-3931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The liver is host to many metastatic cancers, particularly colorectal cancer, for which the last 2 decades have seen major advances in diagnosis and treatment. The liver is a vital organ, and the extent of its involvement with metastatic disease is a major determinant of survival. Metastatic cells arriving in the liver via the bloodstream encounter the microenvironment of the hepatic sinusoid. The interactions of the tumor cells with hepatic sinusoidal and extrasinusoidal cells (endothelial, Kupffer, stellate, and inflammatory cells) determine their fate. The sinusoidal cells can have a dual role, sometimes fatal to the tumor cells but also facilitatory to their survival and growth. Adhesion molecules participate in these interactions and may affect their outcome. Bone marrow-derived cells and chemokines also play a part in the early battle for survival of the metastases. Once the tumor cells have arrested and survived the initial onslaught, tumors can grow within the liver in 3 distinct patterns, reflecting differing host responses, mechanisms of vascularization, and proteolytic activity. This review aims to present current knowledge of the interactions between the host liver cells and the invading metastases that has implications for the clinical course of the disease and the response to treatment.
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Chen CS, Xu XD, Wang Y, Yang J, Jia HZ, Cheng H, Chu CC, Zhuo RX, Zhang XZ. A peptide nanofibrous indicator for eye-detectable cancer cell identification. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2013; 9:920-926. [PMID: 23225693 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201201928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A unique peptide nanofibrous indicator (NFI) is fabricated by mixing a borono-peptide with alizarin red S, followed by subsequent binding and self-assembly. The NFI thus obtained exhibits an intense response to sialyl Lewis X tetrasaccharide, which is overexpressed in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Importantly, this NFI has the capability of specifically recognizing human hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG2) cells through the eye-detectable color change resulting from strong binding-induced displacement. This novel technique for cancer cell identification through direct unaided eye judgment will open up an innovative platform for cancer cell detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Sheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China
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A polysaccharide from Agaricus blazei attenuates tumor cell adhesion via inhibiting E-selectin expression. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Wang J, Liu Y, Zhang A, Li C, Dong J. Inhibitory CpG sequences reduced ischemia/reperfusion-induced hepatic metastases of liver tumor in a murine model. J Surg Res 2012; 178:248-54. [PMID: 22502906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is reported that hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) during hepatectomy accelerates liver tumor growth. Hepatic I/R induces inflammation cytokines, which can accelerate the outgrowth of liver tumor. Inhibitory CpG sequence (iCpG) is an inhibitor of TLR9, which plays an important role in hepatic I/R. The aim of this study was to examine whether iCpG could prevent hepatic I/R-induced metastases of the liver tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS A murine tumor model that underwent partial hepatic I/R or sham operation was treated with iCpG or control DNA sequence (Ctrl ODN). Tumor growth and metastases were observed on day 14 after surgery; Endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecules such as E-selectin and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) protein expression were measured 24 h after reperfusion by Western blotting; E-selectin and ICAM-1 mRNA expression in hepatic tissue was measured 2 h after reperfusion by RT-PCR; NF-κB activity in hepatic tissue was measured 2 h after reperfusion by electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay. RESULTS The tumor growth in the mice subjected to hepatic I/R was remarkably stimulated when compared with the mice subjected to laparotomy alone. The iCpG had no significant inhibitory effect on tumor growth in sham-operated mice subjected to tumor. However, iCpG could reduce the tumor growth and inhibit the activation of NF-κB and downregulate the E-selectin and ICAM-1 mRNA and protein in the mice with tumor subjected to I/R. CONCLUSIONS ICpG might reduce I/R-induced hepatic metastases of liver tumor cells by inhibiting NF-κB expression and downregulating the adhesive molecules, such as E-selectin and ICAM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Associated expression of α2,3sialylated type 2 chain structures with lymph node metastasis in distal colorectal cancer. Surg Today 2012; 43:155-62. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-012-0141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Zuo Q, Huang H, Shi M, Zhang F, Sun J, Bin J, Liao Y, Liao W. Multivariate analysis of several molecular markers and clinicopathological features in postoperative prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2011; 295:423-31. [PMID: 22190283 DOI: 10.1002/ar.21531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to assess the impact of several molecular markers and clinicopathological characteristics on postoperative survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Postoperative clinical data of 64 patients with HCC were retrospectively analyzed. K-ras, PIK3CA, and BRAF gene mutations in surgically resected specimens of the 64 patients with HCC were detected by pyrosequencing. H-ras and XB130 protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for univariate and multivariate survival analyses of the clinical and pathological parameters. The mutation rates of K-ras, PIK3CA, and BRAF genes in HCC were found to be 4.69%, 1.56%, and 0%, respectively. Positive expression rate of XB130 and H-ras in HCC was 75.0% and 93.8%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that clinicopathological factors impacting postoperative prognosis of patients with HCC include clinical stage, tumor diameter, and postoperative transcatheter arterial embolization therapy for HCC. Meanwhile, multivariate analysis showed that clinical stage (relative risk [RR]: 6.420, P = 0.013) and tumor diameter (RR: 1.498, P = 0.014) were independent factors impacting postoperative survival of patients with HCC. These findings indicate that the clinical stage and tumor diameter are independent risk factors impacting postoperative survival of patients with HCC. Gene mutations of K-ras and PIK3CA and protein expression of XB130 and H-ras are not associated with the postoperative prognosis of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zuo
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Paschos KA, Canovas D, Bird NC. The engagement of selectins and their ligands in colorectal cancer liver metastases. J Cell Mol Med 2011; 14:165-74. [PMID: 19627399 PMCID: PMC3837616 DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00852.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The colonization of the liver by colorectal cancer (CRC) cells is a complicated process which includes many stages, until macrometastases occur. The entrapment of malignant cells within the hepatic sinusoids and their interactions with resident non-parenchymal cells are considered very important for the whole metastatic sequence. In the sinusoids, cell connection and signalling is mediated by multiple cell adhesion molecules, such as the selectins. The three members of the selectin family, E-, P- and L-selectin, in conjunction with sialylated Lewis ligands and CD44 variants, regulate colorectal cell communication and adhesion with platelets, leucocytes, sinusoidal endothelial cells and stellate cells. Their role in CRC liver metastases has been investigated in animal models and human tissue, in vivo and in vitro, in static and shear flow conditions, and their key-function in several molecular pathways has been displayed. Therefore, trials have already commenced aiming to exploit selectins and their ligands in the treatment of benign and malignant diseases. Multiple pharmacological agents have been developed that are being tested for potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos A Paschos
- Liver Research Group, Section of Oncology, School of Medicine, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
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Makrilia N, Kollias A, Manolopoulos L, Syrigos K. Cell adhesion molecules: role and clinical significance in cancer. Cancer Invest 2009; 27:1023-37. [PMID: 19909018 DOI: 10.3109/07357900902769749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that alterations in the adhesion properties of neoplastic cells endow them with an invasive and migratory phenotype. Indeed, changes in the expression or function of cell adhesion molecules have been implicated in all steps of tumor progression, including detachment of tumor cells from the primary site, intravasation into the blood stream, extravasation into distant target organs, and formation of the secondary lesions. This review presents recent data regarding the role of cell adhesion molecules in tumor development and progress with concern to their clinical exploitation as potential biomarkers in neoplastic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nektaria Makrilia
- Oncology Unit, 3rd Department of Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens School of Medicine, Greece
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Ma JJ, Feng B, Zhang Y, Li JW, Lu AG, Wang ML, Peng YF, Hu WG, Yue F, Zheng MH. Higher CO 2-insufflation pressure inhibits the expression of adhesion molecules and the invasion potential of colon cancer cells. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15:2714-22. [PMID: 19522021 PMCID: PMC2695886 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.15.2714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the influence of CO2-insufflation pressure on adhesion, invasion and metastatic potential of colon cancer cells based on adhesion molecules expression.
METHODS: With an in vitro artificial pneumoperitoneum model, SW1116 human colon carcinoma cells were exposed to CO2-insufflation in 5 different pressure groups: 6 mmHg, 9 mmHg, 12 mmHg, 15 mmHg and control group, respectively for 1 h. Expression of E-cadherin, ICAM-1, CD44 and E-selectin was measured at 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after CO2-insufflation using flow cytometry. The adhesion and invasion capacity of SW1116 cells before and after exposure to CO2-insufflation was detected by cell adhesion/invasion assay in vitro. Each group of cells was injected intraperitoneally into 16 BALB/C mice. The number of visible abdominal cavity tumor nodules, visceral metastases and survival of the mice were recorded in each group.
RESULTS: The expression of E-cadherin, ICAM-1, CD44 and E-selectin in SW1116 cells were changed significantly following exposure to CO2 insufflation at different pressures (P < 0.05). The expression of E-cadherin, CD44 and ICAM-1 decreased with increasing CO2-insufflation pressure. The adhesive/invasive cells also decreased gradually with increasing pressure as determined by the adhesion/invasion assay. In animal experiments, the number of abdominal cavity tumor nodules in the 15 mmHg group was also significantly lower than that in the 6 mmHg group (29.7 ± 9.91 vs 41.7 ± 14.90, P = 0.046). However, the survival in each group was not statistically different.
CONCLUSION: CO2-insufflation induced a temporary change in the adhesion and invasion capacity of cancer cells in vitro. Higher CO2-insufflation pressure inhibited adhesion, invasion and metastatic potential in vitro and in vivo, which was associated with reduced expression of adhesion molecules.
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Paschos KA, Canovas D, Bird NC. The role of cell adhesion molecules in the progression of colorectal cancer and the development of liver metastasis. Cell Signal 2009; 21:665-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2009.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2008] [Accepted: 01/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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St Hill CA, Farooqui M, Mitcheltree G, Gulbahce HE, Jessurun J, Cao Q, Walcheck B. The high affinity selectin glycan ligand C2-O-sLex and mRNA transcripts of the core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (C2GnT1) gene are highly expressed in human colorectal adenocarcinomas. BMC Cancer 2009; 9:79. [PMID: 19267921 PMCID: PMC2662873 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2008] [Accepted: 03/06/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The metastasis of cancer cells and leukocyte extravasation into inflamed tissues share common features. Specialized carbohydrates modified with sialyl Lewis x (sLex) antigens on leukocyte membranes are ligands for selectin adhesion molecules on activated vascular endothelial cells at inflammatory sites. The activity of the enzyme core 2 β1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (C2GnT1) in leukocytes greatly increases their ability to bind to endothelial selectins. C2GnT1 is essential for the synthesis of core 2-branched O-linked carbohydrates terminated with sLex (C2-O-sLex). Our goal was to determine the expression profiles of C2-O-sLex in the malignant progression and metastasis of colorectal adenocarcinomas. The well characterized CHO-131 monoclonal antibody (mAb) specifically recognizes C2-O-sLex present in human leukocytes and carcinoma cells. Using CHO-131 mAb, we investigated whether C2-O-sLex was present in 113 human primary colorectal adenocarcinomas, 10 colorectal adenomas, 46 metastatic liver tumors, 28 normal colorectal tissues, and 5 normal liver tissues by immunohistochemistry. We also examined mRNA levels of the enzyme core 2 β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (C2GnT1) in 20 well, 15 moderately, and 2 poorly differentiated colorectal adenocarcinomas, and in 5 normal colorectal tissues by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR). Results We observed high reactivity with CHO-131 mAb in approximately 70% of colorectal carcinomas and 87% of metastatic liver tumors but a lack of reactivity in colorectal adenomas and normal colonic and liver tissues. Positive reactivity with CHO-131 mAb was very prominent in neoplastic colorectal glands of well to moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas. The most intense staining with CHO-131 mAb was observed at the advancing edge of tumors with the deepest invasive components. Finally, we analyzed C2GnT1 mRNA levels in 37 colorectal adenocarcinomas and 5 normal colorectal tissues by RT-PCR. Significantly, we observed a greater than 15-fold increase in C2GnT1 mRNA levels in colorectal adenocarcinomas compared to normal colorectal tissues. Conclusion C2-O-sLex, detected by the CHO-131 mAb, is a tumor associated antigen whose expression is highly upregulated in colorectal adenocarcinomas and metastatic liver tumors compared to normal tissues. C2-O-sLex is a potentially useful early predictor of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine A St Hill
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, Room C339, Veterinary Medical Center, 1352 Boyd Avenue, St, Paul, MN 55108, USA.
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Banquy X, Leclair G, Rabanel JM, Argaw A, Bouchard JF, Hildgen P, Giasson S. Selectins Ligand Decorated Drug Carriers for Activated Endothelial Cell Targeting. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:2030-9. [DOI: 10.1021/bc800257m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Banquy
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Ecole d’Optométrie, and Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament de l’Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada, and Merck-Frosst Canada, Kirkland, Québec, Canada
| | - Grégoire Leclair
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Ecole d’Optométrie, and Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament de l’Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada, and Merck-Frosst Canada, Kirkland, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Rabanel
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Ecole d’Optométrie, and Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament de l’Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada, and Merck-Frosst Canada, Kirkland, Québec, Canada
| | - Anteneh Argaw
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Ecole d’Optométrie, and Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament de l’Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada, and Merck-Frosst Canada, Kirkland, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-François Bouchard
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Ecole d’Optométrie, and Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament de l’Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada, and Merck-Frosst Canada, Kirkland, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrice Hildgen
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Ecole d’Optométrie, and Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament de l’Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada, and Merck-Frosst Canada, Kirkland, Québec, Canada
| | - Suzanne Giasson
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Ecole d’Optométrie, and Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, and Groupe de Recherche Universitaire sur le Médicament de l’Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada, and Merck-Frosst Canada, Kirkland, Québec, Canada
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Gion M, Fabricio AS. Editor's Comments. Int J Biol Markers 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/172460080802300201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Barthel SR, Gavino JD, Descheny L, Dimitroff CJ. Targeting selectins and selectin ligands in inflammation and cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2007; 11:1473-91. [PMID: 18028011 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.11.11.1473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 289] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and cancer metastasis are associated with extravasation of leukocytes or tumor cells from blood into tissue. Such movement is believed to follow a coordinated and sequential molecular cascade initiated, in part, by the three members of the selectin family of carbohydrate-binding proteins: E-selectin (CD62E), L-selectin (CD62L) and P-selectin (CD62P). E-selectin is particularly noteworthy in disease by virtue of its expression on activated endothelium and on bone-skin microvascular linings and for its role in cell rolling, cell signaling and chemotaxis. E-selectin, along with L- or P-selectin, mediates cell tethering and rolling interactions through the recognition of sialo-fucosylated Lewis carbohydrates expressed on structurally diverse protein-lipid ligands on circulating leukocytes or tumor cells. Major advances in understanding the role of E-selectin in inflammation and cancer have been advanced by experiments assaying E-selectin-mediated rolling of leukocytes and tumor cells under hydrodynamic shear flow, by clinical models of E-selectin-dependent inflammation, by mice deficient in E-selectin and by mice deficient in glycosyltransferases that regulate the binding activity of E-selectin ligands. Here, the authors elaborate on how E-selectin and its ligands may facilitate leukocyte or tumor cell recruitment in inflammatory and metastatic settings. Antagonists that target cellular interactions with E-selectin and other members of the selectin family, including neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, competitive ligand inhibitors or metabolic carbohydrate mimetics, exemplify a growing arsenal of potentially effective therapeutics in controlling inflammation and the metastatic behavior of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Barthel
- Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Room 669, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Gout S, Tremblay PL, Huot J. Selectins and selectin ligands in extravasation of cancer cells and organ selectivity of metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis 2007; 25:335-44. [PMID: 17891461 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-007-9096-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2007] [Accepted: 08/30/2007] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic spreading is a dreadful complication of neoplastic diseases that is responsible for most deaths due to cancer. It consists in the formation of secondary neoplasms from cancer cells that have detached from the primary site. The formation of these secondary sites is not random and several clinical observations indicate that the metastatic colonization exhibits organ selectivity. This organ tropism relies mostly on the complementary adhesive interactions between the cancer cells and their microenvironment. In particular, several lines of evidence suggest that the organ selectivity of colon cancer cells for the liver involves the binding of the circulating cancer cells to endothelial E-selectin. The aim of this review is to make an integrative up-date of the mechanisms that govern the organ selectivity of the metastatic process focusing more especially on the role of selectins and selectin ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Gout
- Le Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de l'Université Laval, L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, Quebec, Canada.
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Iiizumi M, Mohinta S, Bandyopadhyay S, Watabe K. Tumor-endothelial cell interactions: therapeutic potential. Microvasc Res 2007; 74:114-20. [PMID: 17498748 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2007.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2007] [Revised: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 04/04/2007] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is the primary cause of death in cancer patients. However, the molecular mechanism of the metastatic process is poorly understood because it involves multiple steps with a high degree of complexity. A critical step for successful establishment of secondary colonization is the hematogenous dissemination of malignant cells. During this process, the attachment of cancer cells to the endothelial cells on microvasculature is considered to be an essential step and many adhesion molecules as well as chemokines have been found to be involved in this process. This interaction of cancer-endothelial cell is considered not only to determine the physical site of metastasis, but also to provide the necessary anchorage to facilitate tumor cell extravasation. However, recent evidence indicates that this interaction also serves as a host defense mechanism and hinders the process of metastasis. The tumor metastases suppressor gene, KAI1, has been known to block metastatic process without affecting the primary tumor growth, and this protein has been found to be able to bind to the chemokine receptor, Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC), which is expressed on endothelial cells. Importantly, this interaction markedly induces senescence of tumor cells. This novel finding is not only significant in the context of molecular dissection of metastatic process but also in the therapeutic implication to develop drugs inhibiting metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Iiizumi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 801 N. Rutledge St., P.O. Box 19626, Springfield, IL 62794-9626, USA
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Alessandro R, Seidita G, Flugy AM, Damiani F, Russo A, Corrado C, Colomba P, Gullotti L, Buettner R, Bruno L, De Leo G. Role of S128R polymorphism of E-selectin in colon metastasis formation. Int J Cancer 2007; 121:528-35. [PMID: 17372905 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.22693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The extravasation of cancer cells is a key step of the metastatic cascade. Polymorphisms in genes encoding adhesion molecules can facilitate metastasis by increasing the strength of interaction between tumor and endothelial cells as well as impacting other properties of cancer cells. We investigated the Ser128Arg (a561c at the nucleotide level) polymorphism in the E-selectin gene in patients with metastatic colon cancer and its functional significance. Genotyping for a561c polymorphism was performed on 172 cancer patients and on an age-matched control population. The colon cancer group was divided into groups with (M(+)) and without observable metastasis (M(-)). For in vitro functional assays, Huvec transfected cells expressing wild-type (WT) or the S128R variant of E-selectin were established to study in vitro binding ability and signal transduction processes of T84 colon cancer cell line. Our results demonstrated that the Arginine(128) allele was more prevalent in the M(+) group than in the M(-) group or normal controls (p < 0.005; odds ratio, 1.56; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16-1.92; p < 0.001, odds ratio = 1.65; CI = 1.24-1.99, respectively). In vitro, S128R E-selectin transfected Huvec cells, supported increased adhesion as well as increased cellular signaling of T84 cancer cells compared to WT E-selectin and mock-transfected Huvec cells. These findings suggest that the E-selectin S128R polymorphism can functionally affect tumor-endothelial interactions as well as motility and signaling properties of neoplastic cells that may modulate the metastatic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Alessandro
- Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Metodologie Biomediche, Sezione di Biologia e Genetica, Università di Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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Charalambous C, Chen TC, Hofman FM. Characteristics of tumor-associated endothelial cells derived from glioblastoma multiforme. Neurosurg Focus 2006; 20:E22. [PMID: 16709028 DOI: 10.3171/foc.2006.20.4.e22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas multiforme (GBMs) are highly vascular brain tumors characterized by abnormal vessel structures in vivo. This finding supports the theory that glioma-associated endothelial cells (ECs) have intrinsically different properties from ECs in normal human brain. Therefore, identification of the functional and phenotypic characteristics of tumor-associated ECs is essential for designing a rational antiangiogenic therapy. The GBM-associated ECs have a large, flat, and veil-like appearance, in contrast to normal ones, which are small and plump. Although the tumor ECs have the typical markers, they proliferate more slowly than these cell types in normal brain. The GBM-associated ECs are resistant to cytotoxic drugs, and they undergo less apoptosis than control cells. Also, GBM-associated ECs migrate faster than controls and constitutively produce high levels of growth factors such as endothelin-1, interleukin-8, and vascular endothelial growth factor. An understanding of these unique characteristics of glioma-associated ECs is important for the development of novel antiangiogenic agents that specifically target tumor-associated ECs in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Charalambous
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
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Kurata M, Okajima K, Kawamoto T, Uchiba M, Ohkohchi N. Antithrombin reduces reperfusion-induced hepatic metastasis of colon cancer cells. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12:60-5. [PMID: 16440418 PMCID: PMC4077492 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i1.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To examine whether antithrombin (AT) could prevent hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced hepatic metastasis by inhibiting tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced expression of E-selectin in rats.
METHODS: Hepatic I/R was induced in rats and mice by clamping the left branches of the portal vein and the hepatic artery. Cancer cells were injected intrasplenically. The number of metastatic nodules was counted on day 7 after I/R. TNF-α and E-selectin mRNA in hepatic tissue, serum fibrinogen degradation products and hepatic tissue levels of 6-keto-PGF1α, a stable metabolite of PGI2, were measured.
RESULTS: AT inhibited increases in hepatic metastasis of tumor cells and hepatic tissue mRNA levels of TNF-α and E-selectin in animals subjected to hepatic I/R. Argatroban, a thrombin inhibitor, did not suppress any of these changes. Both AT and argatroban inhibited I/R-induced coagulation abnormalities. I/R-induced increases of hepatic tissue levels of 6-keto-PGF1α were significantly enhanced by AT. Pretreatment with indomethacin completely reversed the effects of AT. Administration of OP-2507, a stable PGI2 analog, showed effects similar to those of AT in this model. Hepatic metastasis in congenital AT-deficient mice subjected to hepatic I/R was significantly increased compared to that observed in wild-type mice. Administration of AT significantly reduced the number of hepatic metastases in congenital AT-deficient mice.
CONCLUSION: AT might reduce I/R-induced hepatic metastasis of colon cancer cells by inhibiting TNF-α-induced expression of E-selectin through an increase in the endothelial production of PGI2. These findings also raise the possibility that AT might prevent hepatic metastasis of tumor cells if administered during the resection of liver tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanao Kurata
- Department of Surgery, Functional and Regulatory Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba Tennoudai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Japan
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Peeters CFJM, Ruers TJM, Westphal JR, de Waal RMW. Progressive loss of endothelial P-selectin expression with increasing malignancy in colorectal cancer. J Transl Med 2005; 85:248-56. [PMID: 15640834 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.3700217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Adhesion of inflammatory cells to vascular endothelium is mediated by specific cell adhesion receptors on both leukocytes and endothelial cells. One of the adhesion molecules on the endothelium is P-selectin. Decreased vascular P-selectin expression has been associated with tumor progression in melanoma patients. We now report on the expression of endothelial P-selectin in colorectal cancer (CRC). We studied a colorectal tissue specimen series ranging from normal colorectal tissue via unmetastasized primary tumors to tumors with the same depth of invasion at the primary site but with liver metastases. Moreover, P-selectin expression levels in liver metastases were determined. The number of P-selectin positive vessels as a fraction of the total number of vessels, both intra- and peritumorally, was determined by staining for CD62P and CD34, respectively. Furthermore, by immunostaining for leukocytes (CD45) and macrophages (CD68), it was evaluated whether levels of P-selectin expression influenced infiltrate density and composition. The results showed that levels of peritumoral P-selectin expression were reciprocal to the degree of progression in CRC. This relation was even more pronounced intratumorally: in metastasized primary tumors and in the metastatic lesions, P-selectin expression was virtually absent. This distribution pattern was reflected in the numbers of leukocytes that accumulated in the various tissues, since in the primary tumors with metastases, and in the metastatic lesions, hardly any infiltrating cells were observed. In these lesions, leukocytes were present in the peritumoral zone, but seemed unable to enter the tumor tissue. In primary tumors without metastasis, the intratumoral leukocyte infiltration density was significantly higher. Recruitment levels of macrophages remained constant throughout the different tissues. We suggest that downregulation of endothelial P-selectin expression is a mechanism by which CRC lesions evade inflammatory regression and, thereby, progress to a more advanced stage of malignancy.
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Smoum R, Srebnik M. Boronated saccharides: potential applications. CONTEMPORARY ASPECTS OF BORON: CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-3158(06)80008-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Sheen-Chen SM, Eng HL, Huang CC, Chen WJ. Serum levels of soluble E-selectin in women with breast cancer. Br J Surg 2004; 91:1578-81. [PMID: 15386328 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.4513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Increasing evidence suggests that E-selectin contributes to tumour growth and metastasis, possibly by increasing angiogenesis and the adhesion of tumour cells to endothelial cells at distant sites. This study aimed to examine the relationship between preoperative levels of circulating soluble E-selectin and breast cancer.
Methods
Sixty-four consecutive women undergoing surgery for invasive breast cancer were studied prospectively. Venous blood samples were collected before the operation. A control group consisted of 16 patients with a benign breast tumour (eight with fibrocystic disease and eight with fibroadenoma). Serum concentrations of soluble E-selectin were measured by the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique and compared with clinicopathological information.
Results
The mean(s.d.) serum level of soluble E-selectin in patients with invasive breast cancer was 73·7(20·9) ng/ml, compared with 36·3(5·6) ng/ml in the control group (P < 0·001). Furthermore, the serum levels of soluble E-selectin were significantly higher in women with oestrogen receptor-negative tumours (P = 0·001), poorly differentiated tumours (P < 0·001), more advanced primary tumour stage (P < 0·001), involved lymph nodes (P < 0·001), distant metastases (P < 0·001) and more advanced tumour node metastasis (TNM) stage (P < 0·001). On multivariate analysis, TNM stage (P < 0·001) was found to be an independent factor with regard to higher serum levels of soluble E-selectin.
Conclusion
Preoperative serum levels of soluble E-selectin might reflect the severity of invasive breast cancer; further evaluation is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-M Sheen-Chen
- Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Kannagi R, Izawa M, Koike T, Miyazaki K, Kimura N. Carbohydrate-mediated cell adhesion in cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. Cancer Sci 2004; 95:377-84. [PMID: 15132763 PMCID: PMC11159147 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2004.tb03219.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2004] [Accepted: 03/12/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant transformation is associated with abnormal glycosylation, resulting in the synthesis and expression of altered carbohydrate determinants including sialyl Lewisa and sialyl Lewisx. The sialyl Lewisa and sialyl Lewisx determinants appear in the sera of patients with cancer, and are extensively utilized for serum diagnosis of cancers in Japan. Sialyl Lewisa and sialyl Lewisx are involved in selectin-mediated adhesion of cancer cells to vascular endothelium, and these determinants are thought to be closely associated with hematogenous metastasis of cancers. Recent progress in this area includes the following: 1. Substantial increases in solid clinical statistics that further confirm the contribution of these determinants in the progression of a wide variety of cancers; 2. Elucidation of the ligand specificity of the three family members of selectins and evaluation of the roles of these molecules in cancer cell adhesion; and 3. Advances in the study of the mechanism that leads to the enhanced expression of the sialyl Lewis(a/x) determinants in malignant cells. These recent results have confirmed that these determinants are not merely markers for cancers, but are functionally implicated in the malignant behavior of cancer cells. The results also suggested that the increase of these determinants in malignant cells is an inevitable consequence of the malignant transformation of cells. Considerable new knowledge has also been accumulated regarding the therapeutic implications for suppression of hematogenous metastasis targeting this cell adhesion system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiji Kannagi
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan.
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Yoshida M, Horiuchi T, Uchinami M, Tabo T, Kimura N, Yokomachi J, Doi K, Nakamura T, Tamagawa K, Tanaka K. Intermittent hepatic ischemia-reperfusion minimizes liver metastasis in rats. J Surg Res 2003; 111:255-60. [PMID: 12850471 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-4804(03)00082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical stresses, including hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), promote cancer growth and metastasis. We have reported that continuous hepatic I/R increases liver damage and promoted liver metastasis from colon cancer, whereas intermittent I/R causes less liver damage. We therefore examined whether intermittent I/R could reduce liver metastasis in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Fischer rats was divided between three groups: group A (control), which received laparotomy for 120 min with no liver ischemia; group B (continuous I/R), which received 60 min of 70% partial liver ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion; and group C (intermittent I/R), which received 15 min of 70% ischemia and 15 min of reperfusion, repeated four times. Just before closing the abdomen, all animals were inoculated intrasplenically with rat colon adenocarcinoma cells (RCN-H4). Tumor nodules on the liver surface were counted 3 weeks later. In addition, expression of E-selectin mRNA in liver was examined at 1, 3, and 6 h after completing I/R by a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Continuous I/R (B) greatly promoted liver metastasis in both ischemic and nonischemic liver lobes, whereas intermittent I/R (C) showed significantly fewer metastasis than group B in both lobes. Significantly less E-selectin mRNA was expressed in group C than in group B. CONCLUSIONS Intermittent I/R limits expression of E-selectin mRNA and liver metastasis. Intermittent hepatic I/R is less stressful than continuous I/R, minimizing liver metastasis by colon cancer cells through avoidance of E-selectin up-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Yoshida
- Second Department of Surgery, Fukui Medical University, Fukui, Japan.
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Yang W, Gao S, Gao X, Karnati VVR, Ni W, Wang B, Hooks WB, Carson J, Weston B. Diboronic acids as fluorescent probes for cells expressing sialyl Lewis X. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:2175-7. [PMID: 12127531 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of fluorescent diboronic acids was synthesized in nine steps as potential sensors for sialyl Lewis X (sLex). The fluorescent binding studies of these sensors with sLex were carried out in a mixed aqueous solution. Compound 7e was found to show the strongest fluorescence enhancement upon binding with sLex. Using cell cultures, 7e was shown to label sLex-expressing HEPG2 cells at 1 microM, while non-sLex-expressing cells were not labeled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Yang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204, USA
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45
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Simiantonaki N, Jayasinghe C, Kirkpatrick CJ. Effect of pro-inflammatory stimuli on tumor cell-mediated induction of endothelial cell adhesion molecules in vitro. Exp Mol Pathol 2002; 73:46-53. [PMID: 12127053 DOI: 10.1006/exmp.2002.2440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The object of our study was the question about the relevance of the tumor surrounding inflammatory cells with respect to the metastatic potential of the tumor cells. To imitate the role of inflammatory cells, three colon carcinoma (HT-29, HRT-18, and SW-620), one breast carcinoma (MCF-7), and one melanoma (ST-ML-12) cell lines were treated with pro-inflammatory stimuli, LPS, TNF-alpha, or IL-1beta. HUVEC monolayers were then stimulated by the collected supernatants (SN) of the tumor cells, following washing out of the applied stimuli. Analysis of CAM expression on HUVEC was performed using cell enzyme immunoassay. E-selectin, VCAM-1, and, in part, ICAM-1 were significantly up-regulated on HUVEC by exposure to SN of all LPS-stimulated tumor cells. This was especially the case for the colon carcinoma cell lines. A minimal increase of expression of VCAM-1 was observed after exposure to SN from TNF-alpha-stimulated HT-29 and MCF-7 cells. IL-1beta stimulation had no effect on endothelial CAM expression. These observations indicate that LPS could play a crucial role in tumor metastasis by inducing the release of soluble factors from different tumor cell lines capable of up-regulating CAM expression. This might be of special significance in colon carcinomas, where a large source of bacterial LPS is available in the intestinal lumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Simiantonaki
- Institute of Pathology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Flugy AM, D'Amato M, Russo D, Di Bella MA, Alaimo G, Kohn EC, De Leo G, Alessandro R. E-selectin modulates the malignant properties of T84 colon carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 293:1099-106. [PMID: 12051773 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(02)00337-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The extravasation of metastatic cells is regulated by molecular events involving the initial adhesion of tumor cells to the endothelium and subsequently the migration of cells in the host connective tissue. E-selectin on endothelial cells and sialyl Lewis X carbohydrate component on tumor cells are mainly involved in the adhesion of colon carcinoma cells to the endothelium of target organ. Interaction of T84 colon cancer cells to purified E-selectin in vitro caused an increase in the tyrosine phosphorylation of a number of proteins as well as the modulation of cellular properties correlated to the metastatic phenotype. Specifically, E-selectin-stimulated actin reorganization, increased collagenase secretion, and induced cell migration. Treatment of T84 cells with herbimycin A inhibited cell adhesion as well as selectin-induced increase of cell migration, and cytoskeleton assembly. Our data demonstrate that binding of cancer cells to E-selectin starts signal transduction pathways which may affect the tumor metastatic abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Flugy
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biopathology and Biomedical Methodology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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47
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Eaton D, Hawkins RE. Cimetidine in colorectal cancer--are the effects immunological or adhesion-mediated? Br J Cancer 2002; 86:159-60. [PMID: 11870499 PMCID: PMC2375193 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6600097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
British Journal of Cancer (2002) 86, 159–160. DOI: 10.1038/sj/bjc/6600097www.bjcancer.com © 2002 The Cancer Research Campaign
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Konno A, Hoshino Y, Terashima S, Motoki R, Kawaguchi T. Carbohydrate expression profile of colorectal cancer cells is relevant to metastatic pattern and prognosis. Clin Exp Metastasis 2002; 19:61-70. [PMID: 11918084 DOI: 10.1023/a:1013879702702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate expression of cancer cells is closely related to the metastatic nature of colorectal cancer. In the present study we investigated the relevance of carbohydrate expression profiles of colorectal cancer cells in the primary lesion to metastatic distribution patterns as well as prognosis in 134 cases. Carbohydrate expression was estimated by histochemistry with 17 kinds of lectins and 3 kinds of Lewis-related monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), and correlations between the staining and clinicopathological parameters were examined. The results showed that lymphatic invasion, lymph node metastasis, and peritoneal metastasis correlated with staining with lectins that bind galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine residues (Gal/GalNAc) such as Maclura pomifera (MPA), Arachis hypogaea (PNA), Helix pomatia (HPA), and Vicia villosa (VVA). In contrast, hepatic metastasis correlated with staining with Anguilla anguilla lectin (AAA), anti-LewisX (LEX-2), anti-sialyl Lewisa (NS 19-9), and anti-sialyl-dimeric LewisX (FH-6) MAbs, all of which bind preferentially to fucosylated carbohydrate chains. The five-year survival rate of patients was related to the staining of cancers with MPA, HPA, FH-6 or NS19-9, and MPA- and FH-6 staining were independent prognostic factors. We conclude that carbohydrate expression profiles of cancer cells are relevant to the route of tumor cell dissemination, metastatic pattern as well as prognosis of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Konno
- First Department of Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima City, Japan
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Alexiou D, Karayiannakis AJ, Syrigos KN, Zbar A, Kremmyda A, Bramis I, Tsigris C. Serum levels of E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in colorectal cancer patients: correlations with clinicopathological features, patient survival and tumour surgery. Eur J Cancer 2001; 37:2392-7. [PMID: 11720833 DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(01)00318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The serum concentrations of the cell adhesion molecules E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were investigated in 63 patients with colorectal cancer and in 51 controls by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Their relationship to clinicopathological variables and patient survival and changes in their levels after surgery were examined. Colorectal cancer patients showed significantly higher serum levels of E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 compared with healthy controls. There was a significant association between the serum levels of these molecules, disease stage and the presence of both lymph node and distant metastases. Both ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels correlated with serum E-selectin and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. Serum levels of all three molecules decreased significantly after radical resection of the tumour. Elevated pre-operative E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels were significant prognostic factors, although not independent of stage, for patient survival. These findings suggest that serum concentrations of E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 may reflect tumour progression and metastasis. Since these markers are linked to CEA levels, it is uncertain whether their measurement will prove cost-effective in colorectal cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Alexiou
- First Department of Surgery, University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Carlos TM. Leukocyte recruitment at sites of tumor: dissonant orchestration. J Leukoc Biol 2001. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.70.2.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. M. Carlos
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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