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Dehghanian F, Ghahnavieh LE, Nilchi AN, Khalilian S, Joonbakhsh R. Breast cancer drug resistance: Decoding the roles of Hippo pathway crosstalk. Gene 2024; 916:148424. [PMID: 38588933 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The most significant factors that lead to cancer-related death in breast cancer (BC) patients include drug resistance, migration, invasion, and metastasis. Several signaling pathways are involved in the development of BC. The different types of BC are initially sensitive to chemotherapy, and drug resistance can occur through multiple molecular mechanisms. Regardless of developing targeted Therapy, due to the heterogenic nature and complexity of drug resistance, it is a major clinical challenge with the low survival rate in BC patients. The deregulation of several signaling pathways, particularly the Hippo pathway (HP), is one of the most recent findings about the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance in BC, which are summarized in this review. Given that HP is one of the recent cancer research hotspots, this review focuses on its implication in BC drug resistance. Unraveling the different molecular basis of HP through its crosstalk with other signaling pathways, and determining the effectiveness of HP inhibitors can provide new insights into possible therapeutic strategies for overcoming chemoresistance in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Dehghanian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, HezarJarib Street, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Laleh Ebrahimi Ghahnavieh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, HezarJarib Street, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Naghsh Nilchi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, HezarJarib Street, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Sheyda Khalilian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, HezarJarib Street, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Rezvan Joonbakhsh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, HezarJarib Street, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran
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2
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Røgenes H, Finne K, Winge I, Akslen LA, Östman A, Milosevic V. Development of 42 marker panel for in-depth study of cancer associated fibroblast niches in breast cancer using imaging mass cytometry. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1325191. [PMID: 38711512 PMCID: PMC11070582 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1325191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Imaging Mass Cytometry (IMC) is a novel, and formidable high multiplexing imaging method emerging as a promising tool for in-depth studying of tissue architecture and intercellular communications. Several studies have reported various IMC antibody panels mainly focused on studying the immunological landscape of the tumor microenvironment (TME). With this paper, we wanted to address cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a component of the TME very often underrepresented and not emphasized enough in present IMC studies. Therefore, we focused on the development of a comprehensive IMC panel that can be used for a thorough description of the CAF composition of breast cancer TME and for an in-depth study of different CAF niches in relation to both immune and breast cancer cell communication. We established and validated a 42 marker panel using a variety of control tissues and rigorous quantification methods. The final panel contained 6 CAF-associated markers (aSMA, FAP, PDGFRa, PDGFRb, YAP1, pSMAD2). Breast cancer tissues (4 cases of luminal, 5 cases of triple negative breast cancer) and a modified CELESTA pipeline were used to demonstrate the utility of our IMC panel for detailed profiling of different CAF, immune and cancer cell phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Røgenes
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kenneth Finne
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingeborg Winge
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars A. Akslen
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Arne Östman
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Vladan Milosevic
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Sarmasti Emami S, Ge A, Zhang D, Hao Y, Ling M, Rubino R, Nicol CJB, Wang W, Yang X. Identification of PTPN12 Phosphatase as a Novel Negative Regulator of Hippo Pathway Effectors YAP/TAZ in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4064. [PMID: 38612874 PMCID: PMC11012486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays crucial roles in governing various biological processes during tumorigenesis and metastasis. Within this pathway, upstream signaling stimuli activate a core kinase cascade, involving MST1/2 and LATS1/2, that subsequently phosphorylates and inhibits the transcriptional co-activators YAP and its paralog TAZ. This inhibition modulates the transcriptional regulation of downstream target genes, impacting cell proliferation, migration, and death. Despite the acknowledged significance of protein kinases in the Hippo pathway, the regulatory influence of protein phosphatases remains largely unexplored. In this study, we conducted the first gain-of-functional screen for protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) regulating the Hippo pathway. Utilizing a LATS kinase biosensor (LATS-BS), a YAP/TAZ activity reporter (STBS-Luc), and a comprehensive PTP library, we identified numerous novel PTPs that play regulatory roles in the Hippo pathway. Subsequent experiments validated PTPN12, a master regulator of oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), as a previously unrecognized negative regulator of the Hippo pathway effectors, oncogenic YAP/TAZ, influencing breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. In summary, our findings offer valuable insights into the roles of PTPs in the Hippo signaling pathway, significantly contributing to our understanding of breast cancer biology and potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Sarmasti Emami
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.S.E.); (A.G.); (D.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.L.); (R.R.); (C.J.B.N.)
| | - Anni Ge
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.S.E.); (A.G.); (D.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.L.); (R.R.); (C.J.B.N.)
| | - Derek Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.S.E.); (A.G.); (D.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.L.); (R.R.); (C.J.B.N.)
| | - Yawei Hao
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.S.E.); (A.G.); (D.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.L.); (R.R.); (C.J.B.N.)
| | - Min Ling
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.S.E.); (A.G.); (D.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.L.); (R.R.); (C.J.B.N.)
| | - Rachel Rubino
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.S.E.); (A.G.); (D.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.L.); (R.R.); (C.J.B.N.)
| | - Christopher J. B. Nicol
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.S.E.); (A.G.); (D.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.L.); (R.R.); (C.J.B.N.)
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA;
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.S.E.); (A.G.); (D.Z.); (Y.H.); (M.L.); (R.R.); (C.J.B.N.)
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4
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Tomasetti M, Monaco F, Rubini C, Rossato M, De Quattro C, Beltrami C, Sollini G, Pasquini E, Amati M, Goteri G, Santarelli L, Re M. AGO2-RIP-Seq reveals miR-34/miR-449 cluster targetome in sinonasal cancers. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295997. [PMID: 38215077 PMCID: PMC10786392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sinonasal tumours are heterogeneous malignancies, presenting different histological features and clinical behaviour. Many studies emphasize the role of specific miRNA in the development and progression of cancer, and their expression profiles could be used as prognostic biomarkers to predict the survival. Recently, using the next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based miRNome analysis the miR-34/miR-449 cluster was identified as miRNA superfamily involved in the pathogenesis of sinonasal cancers (SNCs). In the present study, we established an Argonaute-2 (AGO2): mRNA immunoprecipitation followed by high-throughput sequencing to analyse the regulatory role of miR-34/miR-449 in SNCs. Using this approach, we identified direct target genes (targetome), which were involved in regulation of RNA-DNA metabolic, transcript and epigenetic processes. In particular, the STK3, C9orf78 and STRN3 genes were the direct targets of both miR-34c and miR-449a, and their regulation are predictive of tumour progression. This study provides the first evidence that miR-34/miR-449 and their targets are deregulated in SNCs and could be proposed as valuable prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tomasetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Monaco
- Department of Excellence SBSP-Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Corrado Rubini
- Department of Excellence SBSP-Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Marzia Rossato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Giacomo Sollini
- ENT Division “Bellaria Hospital”, AUSL Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Monica Amati
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gaia Goteri
- Department of Excellence SBSP-Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Lory Santarelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Re
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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Zhang S, Dong P, Pan Z, Chen Q, Zhu J, Mao Z. Comparison of gene mutation profile in different lung adenocarcinoma subtypes by targeted next-generation sequencing. Med Oncol 2023; 40:349. [PMID: 37935925 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02206-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease prognosis after resection of lung cancer could be affected by pathological subtypes. In this study, we investigated the difference of gene variation and significantly altered pathways between adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS)/microinvasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) and invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC) subtypes to reveal the molecular mechanism of prognosis differences. METHODS Sixty one tumor tissues were subjected to DNA extraction and customized 136 gene targeted next-generation sequencing. Comparisons between groups were performed with two-sided Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and two-tailed unpaired t test for numerical variables. RESULTS A total of 402 somatic mutations involved in 70 genes were detected in all these samples, and 74.29% of these genes were mutated in at least two samples. PMS2, ARID1A, EGFR, and POLE were the most frequently mutated genes. ALK_EML4 fusion was observed in one IAC patient and RET_ KIF5B fusion in one AIS patient. A significant higher proportion of patients with TP53 gene mutation was observed in the IAC group (P = 0.0057). The average onset age in IAC group is 62.48 years, which is greater than other subtypes (P = 0.0166). It revealed that mutations in genes involved in the mTOR signaling pathway (56.52% vs 26.32%, P = 0.0288) and Hippo signaling pathway (34.78% vs 10.53%, P = 0.0427) were significantly enriched in IAC subtypes, suggesting the key involvement of mTOR and Hippo signaling pathways in lung tumor development and malignant progression. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed the heterogeneity of gene mutations and significantly altered pathways between different lung cancer subtypes, suggesting the potential mechanism of different prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaowen Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Dong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongwei Pan
- Department of Medical Equipment, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- Thorgene Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Junqi Zhu
- Thorgene Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100176, China
| | - Zhangfan Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Bencivenga M, Torroni L, Dal Cero M, Quinzii A, Zecchetto C, Merz V, Casalino S, Taus F, Pietrobono S, Mangiameli D, Filippini F, Alloggio M, Castelli C, Iglesias M, Pera M, Melisi D. YAP Activation Is Associated with a Worse Prognosis of Poorly Cohesive Gastric Cancer. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1294. [PMID: 37763062 PMCID: PMC10532557 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13091294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Poorly cohesive (PC) gastric cancer (GC) is extremely aggressive in progression, and there is an urgent need to identify the molecular pathways involved. We hypothesized the essential role of the RhoA-YAP axis in these mechanisms. The present observational multicenter retrospective study included 133 patients with PC GC treated at two dedicated European surgical centers between 2004 and 2014. YAP nuclear localization was measured by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of tissue biopsies. The complete absence of nuclear reactivity was coded as negative expression; we considered "any positive" as low nuclear expression (>0% but <10% of cells) and high nuclear expression (≥10% of cells). Women represented about half of the present series (52%), and the median age was 64 years (p25-p75 range: 53-75). Neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatments were administered to 10% and 54% of the cases, respectively. Extended systemic lymphadenectomy (D2) was the most common (54%). In nearly all cases, the number of retrieved nodes was ≥15, i.e., adequate for tumor staging (94%). An R0 resection was achieved in 80% of the cases. Most patients were pathological T stage 3 and 4 (pT3/pT4 = 79.0%) and pathological N stage 2, 3a, and 3b (pN2/pN3a/pN3b = 47.0%) at the pathological examination. Twenty patients (15%) presented distant metastases. Five-year overall survival (OS) was significantly higher (p = 0.029) in patients with negative YAP (46%, 95% CI 31.1-60.0%) than in the other patients (27%, 17.5-38.1%). Moreover, when controlling for sex, age, pT, pN, and percentage of signet ring cells in the multivariable analysis, YAP expression was a significant predictor of OS (HR 2.03, 95% CI: 1.18-3.51, p = 0.011). Our results provide new insights into the role of the YAP signaling cascade, as its activation was associated with a worse prognosis in PC GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bencivenga
- General and Upper GI Surgery, Department of Surgery, Verona University, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.B.)
| | - Lorena Torroni
- General and Upper GI Surgery, Department of Surgery, Verona University, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.B.)
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Mariagiulia Dal Cero
- General and Upper GI Surgery, Department of Surgery, Verona University, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.B.)
- Section of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Department of Surgery, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alberto Quinzii
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Camilla Zecchetto
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Valeria Merz
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Simona Casalino
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Francesco Taus
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Unit of Forensic Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Pietrobono
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Domenico Mangiameli
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Filippini
- General and Upper GI Surgery, Department of Surgery, Verona University, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.B.)
| | - Mariella Alloggio
- General and Upper GI Surgery, Department of Surgery, Verona University, 37126 Verona, Italy; (M.B.)
| | - Claudia Castelli
- Anatomical Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Mar Iglesias
- Department of Pathology, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Pera
- Section of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hospital del Mar, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Department of Surgery, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Davide Melisi
- Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Clinical Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
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7
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Liao Y, Hu K, Liu W, Wang W, Qiu H, Pan S, Lv Q, Xu G. Bortezomib inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma via the Hippo-Yes-associated protein signalling pathway. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 132:297-311. [PMID: 36585038 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the principle causes of cancer-associated death throughout the world. However, the patients with HCC are insensitive to traditional drugs and lack effective therapeutic drugs. Dysregulation of Hippo-Yes-associated protein (YAP) signalling is closely associated with HCC. Bortezomib (BTZ) is mainly used in clinical multiple myeloma. It has recently been confirmed that BTZ could suppress cell proliferation in many different types of cancer. Nevertheless, the precise effects of BTZ on HCC and its possible interactions with the Hippo-YAP signalling pathway in HCC cells remain largely unknown. In this study, HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Huh7) and nude mice with xenograft tumours were used to evaluate the influences of BTZ. Furthermore, we focused on exploring whether BTZ exerts its anti-HCC effect through the Hippo-YAP signalling pathway and aimed to lay a theoretical foundation for BTZ as a potential therapeutic drug for HCC. Herein, our results disclose a new mechanism of BTZ in controlling the cell growth of HCC. BTZ downregulates the level of YAP by promoting LATS1 expression to inhibit the growth of HCC cells, which leads to the phosphorylation of YAP and limits YAP nuclear translocation. In sum, our data confirmed that the Hippo-YAP signalling pathway mediates the anti-HCC effects of BTZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liao
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.,School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kejun Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wangwang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanhuan Qiu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shumin Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Lv
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guanglin Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
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Ahmed M, Semreen AM, El-Huneidi W, Bustanji Y, Abu-Gharbieh E, Alqudah MAY, Alhusban A, Shara M, Abuhelwa AY, Soares NC, Semreen MH, Alzoubi KH. Preclinical and Clinical Applications of Metabolomics and Proteomics in Glioblastoma Research. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010348. [PMID: 36613792 PMCID: PMC9820403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is a primary malignancy of the central nervous system that is classified by the WHO as a grade IV astrocytoma. Despite decades of research, several aspects about the biology of GB are still unclear. Its pathogenesis and resistance mechanisms are poorly understood, and methods to optimize patient diagnosis and prognosis remain a bottle neck owing to the heterogeneity of the malignancy. The field of omics has recently gained traction, as it can aid in understanding the dynamic spatiotemporal regulatory network of enzymes and metabolites that allows cancer cells to adjust to their surroundings to promote tumor development. In combination with other omics techniques, proteomic and metabolomic investigations, which are a potent means for examining a variety of metabolic enzymes as well as intermediate metabolites, might offer crucial information in this area. Therefore, this review intends to stress the major contribution these tools have made in GB clinical and preclinical research and highlights the crucial impacts made by the integrative "omics" approach in reducing some of the therapeutic challenges associated with GB research and treatment. Thus, our study can purvey the use of these powerful tools in research by serving as a hub that particularly summarizes studies employing metabolomics and proteomics in the realm of GB diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munazza Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahlam M. Semreen
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Waseem El-Huneidi
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad A. Y. Alqudah
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmed Alhusban
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohd Shara
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmad Y. Abuhelwa
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nelson C. Soares
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (M.H.S.); (K.H.A.)
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Research Institute for Medical Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (M.H.S.); (K.H.A.)
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9
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Liang Y, Voshart D, Paridaen JTML, Oosterhof N, Liang D, Thiruvalluvan A, Zuhorn IS, den Dunnen WFA, Zhang G, Lin H, Barazzuol L, Kruyt FAE. CD146 increases stemness and aggressiveness in glioblastoma and activates YAP signaling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:398. [PMID: 35790583 PMCID: PMC9256581 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04420-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), a highly malignant and lethal brain tumor, is characterized by diffuse invasion into the brain and chemo-radiotherapy resistance resulting in poor prognosis. In this study, we examined the involvement of the cell adhesion molecule CD146/MCAM in regulating GBM aggressiveness. Analyses of GBM transcript expression databases revealed correlations of elevated CD146 levels with higher glioma grades, IDH-wildtype and unmethylated MGMT phenotypes, poor response to chemo-radiotherapy and worse overall survival. In a panel of GBM stem cells (GSCs) variable expression levels of CD146 were detected, which strongly increased upon adherent growth. CD146 was linked with mesenchymal transition since expression increased in TGF-ß-treated U-87MG cells. Ectopic overexpression of CD146/GFP in GG16 cells enhanced the mesenchymal phenotype and resulted in increased cell invasion. Conversely, GSC23-CD146 knockouts had decreased mesenchymal marker expression and reduced cell invasion in transwell and GBM-cortical assembloid assays. Moreover, using GSC23 xenografted zebrafish, we found that CD146 depletion resulted in more compact delineated tumor formation and reduced tumor cell dissemination. Stem cell marker expression and neurosphere formation assays showed that CD146 increased the stem cell potential of GSCs. Furthermore, CD146 mediated radioresistance by stimulating cell survival signaling through suppression of p53 expression and activation of NF-κB. Interestingly, CD146 was also identified as an inducer of the oncogenic Yes-associated protein (YAP). In conclusion, CD146 carries out various pro-tumorigenic roles in GBM involving its cell surface receptor function, which include the stimulation of mesenchymal and invasive properties, stemness, and radiotherapy resistance, thus providing an interesting target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanke Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou, China
| | - Daniëlle Voshart
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Judith T M L Paridaen
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Nynke Oosterhof
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dong Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arun Thiruvalluvan
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge S Zuhorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wilfred F A den Dunnen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guojun Zhang
- The Cancer Center and the Department of Breast Thyroid Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, 2000 East Xiang'an Rd, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Haoyu Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 57 Changping Road, Shantou, China
| | - Lara Barazzuol
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank A E Kruyt
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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10
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Guo CL. Self-Sustained Regulation or Self-Perpetuating Dysregulation: ROS-dependent HIF-YAP-Notch Signaling as a Double-Edged Sword on Stem Cell Physiology and Tumorigenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:862791. [PMID: 35774228 PMCID: PMC9237464 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.862791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Organ development, homeostasis, and repair often rely on bidirectional, self-organized cell-niche interactions, through which cells select cell fate, such as stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. The niche contains multiplexed chemical and mechanical factors. How cells interpret niche structural information such as the 3D topology of organs and integrate with multiplexed mechano-chemical signals is an open and active research field. Among all the niche factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have recently gained growing interest. Once considered harmful, ROS are now recognized as an important niche factor in the regulation of tissue mechanics and topology through, for example, the HIF-YAP-Notch signaling pathways. These pathways are not only involved in the regulation of stem cell physiology but also associated with inflammation, neurological disorder, aging, tumorigenesis, and the regulation of the immune checkpoint molecule PD-L1. Positive feedback circuits have been identified in the interplay of ROS and HIF-YAP-Notch signaling, leading to the possibility that under aberrant conditions, self-organized, ROS-dependent physiological regulations can be switched to self-perpetuating dysregulation, making ROS a double-edged sword at the interface of stem cell physiology and tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the recent findings on how ROS and tissue mechanics affect YAP-HIF-Notch-PD-L1 signaling, hoping that the knowledge can be used to design strategies for stem cell-based and ROS-targeting therapy and tissue engineering.
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11
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Pan D. The unfolding of the Hippo signaling pathway. Dev Biol 2022; 487:1-9. [PMID: 35405135 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The development of a functional organ requires not only patterning mechanisms that confer proper identities to individual cells, but also growth-regulatory mechanisms that specify the final size of the organ. At the turn of the 21st century, comprehensive genetic screens in model organisms had successfully uncovered the major signaling pathways that mediate pattern formation in metazoans. In contrast, signaling pathways dedicated to growth control were less explored. The past two decades has witnessed the emergence of the Hippo signaling pathway as a central mediator of organ size control through coordinated regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Here I reflect on the early discoveries in Drosophila that elucidated the core kinase cascade and transcriptional machinery of the Hippo pathway, highlight its deep evolutionary conservation from humans to unicellular relatives of metazoan, and discuss the complex regulation of Hippo signaling by upstream inputs. This historical perspective underscores the importance of model organisms in uncovering fundamental and universal mechanisms of life processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duojia Pan
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390-9040, USA.
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12
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Maharati A, Zanguei AS, Khalili-Tanha G, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of tyrosine kinase inhibitors resistance in lung tumor cells. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:27. [PMID: 35264191 PMCID: PMC8905758 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00840-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common and the leading cause of cancer related deaths globally. Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) are among the common therapeutic strategies in lung cancer patients, however the treatment process fails in a wide range of patients due to TKIs resistance. Given that the use of anti-cancer drugs can always have side effects on normal tissues, predicting the TKI responses can provide an efficient therapeutic strategy. Therefore, it is required to clarify the molecular mechanisms of TKIs resistance in lung cancer patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in regulation of various pathophysiological cellular processes. In the present review, we discussed the miRNAs that have been associated with TKIs responses in lung cancer. MiRNAs mainly exert their role on TKIs response through regulation of Tyrosine Kinase Receptors (TKRs) and down-stream signaling pathways. This review paves the way for introducing a panel of miRNAs for the prediction of TKIs responses in lung cancer patients. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Sadra Zanguei
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Khalili-Tanha
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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13
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Li L, Li R, Wang Y. Identification of Small-molecule YAP-TEAD inhibitors by High-throughput docking for the Treatment of colorectal cancer. Bioorg Chem 2022; 122:105707. [PMID: 35247806 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The YAP-TEAD transcriptional complex is responsible for the expression of genes that regulate cancer cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of the Hippo pathway due to overexpression of YAP has been reported in various cancers. Inhibition of TEAD represses the expression of associated genes, proving the value of this transcription factor for the development of novel anti-cancer therapies. We retrieved a promising hit compound L06 which is a potent TEAD4 inhibitor through docking-based virtual screening. L06 inhibits TEAD autopalmitoylation, interrupts YAP-TEAD interaction, and reduces the YAP-TEAD transcriptional activity. Moreover, L06 reduces the expression of CTGF, inhibits HCT 116 colorectal cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The YAP-TEAD complex is a viable drug target, and L06 is a lead compound for the development of more potent TEAD inhibitors to treat colorectal cancer and other hyperproliferative pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Li
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou 225300, PR China.
| | - Ruizhe Li
- Moray house school of education and sport, The university of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yumei Wang
- Department of Emergency Internal Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital, Taizhou 225300, PR China
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14
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Yes-associated protein 1 exerts its tumor-promoting effects and increases cisplatin resistance in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells by dysregulating Hippo signal pathway. Anticancer Drugs 2022; 33:352-361. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Tang HX, Yi FZ, Huang ZS, Huang GL. Role of Hippo signaling pathway in occurrence, development, and treatment of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2022; 30:34-42. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v30.i1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signal transduction pathway, first discovered in drosophila, is a highly conserved signaling pathway that inhibits cell growth. Its core molecules include Hpo, Sav, Wts, Mats, and downstream effector factor YAP/TAZ. Corresponding homologous analogs in humans are STE20 protein-like kinase 1/2, Salvatore family 1, large tumor suppressor gene 1/2 kinase, and MOB kinase activator 1A/1B. Inactivation of this pathway promotes the survival, proliferation, invasive migration, and metastasis of cancer cells. This process can be seen in liver cancer, lung cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, melanoma, glioma, and other cancers, which can lead to the occurrence of resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or immunotherapy. This paper aims to review the role of the Hippo signaling pathway in the occurrence, development, and treatment of liver cancer, in order to provide reference for new targeted therapies for liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Xian Tang
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Fu-Zhen Yi
- Graduate School of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zan-Song Huang
- Department of Gastroenter-ology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Hepatobiliary Diseases, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Gui-Liu Huang
- Department of Gastroenter-ology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise 533000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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16
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Hosseini A, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H, Mirzaei HR. Role of the bone marrow microenvironment in drug resistance of hematological malignances. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2290-2305. [PMID: 34514979 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210910124319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The unique features of the tumor microenvironment (TME) govern the biological properties of many cancers, including hematological malignancies. TME factors can trigger invasion, and protect against drug cytotoxicity by inhibiting apoptosis and activating specific signaling pathways (e.g. NF-ΚB). TME remodeling is facilitated due to the high self-renewal ability of the bone marrow. Progressing tumor cells can alter some extracellular matrix (ECM) components which act as a barrier to drug penetration in the TME. The initial progression of the cell cycle is controlled by the MAPK pathway (Raf/MEK/ERK) and Hippo pathway, while the final phase is regulated by the PI3K/Akt /mTOR and WNT pathways. In this review we summarize the main signaling pathways involved in drug resistance (DR) and some mechanisms by which DR can occur in the bone marrow. The relationship between autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and cellular signaling pathways in DR and apoptosis are covered in relation to the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Hosseini
- Laboratory Hematology and Blood Banking, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran. Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028. South Africa
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan. Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran. Iran
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17
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Affolter A, Lammert A, Kern J, Scherl C, Rotter N. Precision Medicine Gains Momentum: Novel 3D Models and Stem Cell-Based Approaches in Head and Neck Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:666515. [PMID: 34307351 PMCID: PMC8296983 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.666515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the current progress in the development of new concepts of precision medicine for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), in particular targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibition (CPI), overall survival rates have not improved during the last decades. This is, on the one hand, caused by the fact that a significant number of patients presents with late stage disease at the time of diagnosis, on the other hand HNSCC frequently develop therapeutic resistance. Distinct intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity is one of the strongest features in HNSCC and has hindered both the identification of specific biomarkers and the establishment of targeted therapies for this disease so far. To date, there is a paucity of reliable preclinical models, particularly those that can predict responses to immune CPI, as these models require an intact tumor microenvironment (TME). The "ideal" preclinical cancer model is supposed to take both the TME as well as tumor heterogeneity into account. Although HNSCC patients are frequently studied in clinical trials, there is a lack of reliable prognostic biomarkers allowing a better stratification of individuals who might benefit from new concepts of targeted or immunotherapeutic strategies. Emerging evidence indicates that cancer stem cells (CSCs) are highly tumorigenic. Through the process of stemness, epithelial cells acquire an invasive phenotype contributing to metastasis and recurrence. Specific markers for CSC such as CD133 and CD44 expression and ALDH activity help to identify CSC in HNSCC. For the majority of patients, allocation of treatment regimens is simply based on histological diagnosis and on tumor location and disease staging (clinical risk assessments) rather than on specific or individual tumor biology. Hence there is an urgent need for tools to stratify HNSCC patients and pave the way for personalized therapeutic options. This work reviews the current literature on novel approaches in implementing three-dimensional (3D) HNSCC in vitro and in vivo tumor models in the clinical daily routine. Stem-cell based assays will be particularly discussed. Those models are highly anticipated to serve as a preclinical prediction platform for the evaluation of stable biomarkers and for therapeutic efficacy testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Affolter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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18
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He L, Yang H, Huang J. The tumor immune microenvironment and immune-related signature predict the chemotherapy response in patients with osteosarcoma. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:581. [PMID: 34016089 PMCID: PMC8138974 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide expression profiles have been shown to predict the response to chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel predictive signature for chemotherapy in patients with osteosarcoma. METHODS We analysed the relevance of immune cell infiltration and gene expression profiles of the tumor samples of good responders with those of poor responders from the TARGET and GEO databases. Immune cell infiltration was evaluated using a single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and the CIBERSORT algorithm between good and poor chemotherapy responders. Differentially expressed genes were identified based on the chemotherapy response. LASSO regression and binary logistic regression analyses were applied to select the differentially expressed immune-related genes (IRGs) and developed a predictive signature in the training cohort. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed to assess and validate the predictive accuracy of the predictive signature in the validation cohort. RESULTS The analysis of immune infiltration showed a positive relationship between high-level immune infiltration and good responders, and T follicular helper cells and CD8 T cells were significantly more abundant in good responders with osteosarcoma. Two hundred eighteen differentially expressed genes were detected between good and poor responders, and a five IRGs panel comprising TNFRSF9, CD70, EGFR, PDGFD and S100A6 was determined to show predictive power for the chemotherapy response. A chemotherapy-associated predictive signature was developed based on these five IRGs. The accuracy of the predictive signature was 0.832 for the training cohort and 0.720 for the validation cohort according to ROC analysis. CONCLUSIONS The novel predictive signature constructed with five IRGs can be effectively utilized to predict chemotherapy responsiveness and help improve the efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiang He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hainan Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jingshan Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
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19
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Pipchuk A, Yang X. Using Biosensors to Study Protein-Protein Interaction in the Hippo Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:660137. [PMID: 33981705 PMCID: PMC8107278 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.660137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signaling network is dependent on protein–protein interactions (PPIs) as a mechanism of signal transduction to regulate organ size, cellular proliferation and differentiation, tumorigenesis, and other cellular processes. Current efforts aim to resolve the complex regulation of upstream Hippo components or focus on identifying targeted drugs for use in cancer therapy. Despite extensive characterization of the Hippo pathway interactome by affinity purification mass spectrometry (AP-MS) and other methodologies, previous research methods have not been sufficient to achieve these aims. In this review, we describe several recent studies that make use of luciferase-based biosensors as a new approach to study the Hippo Pathway. These biosensors serve as powerful tools with which to study PPIs both in vitro using purified biosensor proteins, and in real time in live cells. Notably, luciferase biosensors have excellent sensitivity and have been used to screen for upstream kinase regulators of the Hippo pathway. Furthermore, the high sensitivity and stability of these biosensors enables their application in high throughput screening for Hippo-targeted chemotherapeutics. Finally, we describe the strengths and weaknesses of this method relative to AP-MS and discuss potential future directions for using biosensors to study Hippo signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Pipchuk
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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20
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Guerra B, Recio C, Aranda-Tavío H, Guerra-Rodríguez M, García-Castellano JM, Fernández-Pérez L. The Mevalonate Pathway, a Metabolic Target in Cancer Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:626971. [PMID: 33718197 PMCID: PMC7947625 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.626971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of cancer cells includes a metabolic reprograming that provides energy, the essential building blocks, and signaling required to maintain survival, rapid growth, metastasis, and drug resistance of many cancers. The influence of tumor microenviroment on cancer cells also results an essential driving force for cancer progression and drug resistance. Lipid-related enzymes, lipid-derived metabolites and/or signaling pathways linked to critical regulators of lipid metabolism can influence gene expression and chromatin remodeling, cellular differentiation, stress response pathways, or tumor microenviroment, and, collectively, drive tumor development. Reprograming of lipid metabolism includes a deregulated activity of mevalonate (MVA)/cholesterol biosynthetic pathway in specific cancer cells which, in comparison with normal cell counterparts, are dependent of the continuous availability of MVA/cholesterol-derived metabolites (i.e., sterols and non-sterol intermediates) for tumor development. Accordingly, there are increasing amount of data, from preclinical and epidemiological studies, that support an inverse association between the use of statins, potent inhibitors of MVA biosynthetic pathway, and mortality rate in specific cancers (e.g., colon, prostate, liver, breast, hematological malignances). In contrast, despite the tolerance and therapeutic efficacy shown by statins in cardiovascular disease, cancer treatment demands the use of relatively high doses of single statins for a prolonged period, thereby limiting this therapeutic strategy due to adverse effects. Clinically relevant, synergistic effects of tolerable doses of statins with conventional chemotherapy might enhance efficacy with lower doses of each drug and, probably, reduce adverse effects and resistance. In spite of that, clinical trials to identify combinatory therapies that improve therapeutic window are still a challenge. In the present review, we revisit molecular evidences showing that deregulated activity of MVA biosynthetic pathway has an essential role in oncogenesis and drug resistance, and the potential use of MVA pathway inhibitors to improve therapeutic window in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Guerra
- Molecular and Translational Pharmacology Lab, Institute for Biomedical and Health Research (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Carlota Recio
- Molecular and Translational Pharmacology Lab, Institute for Biomedical and Health Research (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Haidée Aranda-Tavío
- Molecular and Translational Pharmacology Lab, Institute for Biomedical and Health Research (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Miguel Guerra-Rodríguez
- Molecular and Translational Pharmacology Lab, Institute for Biomedical and Health Research (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - José M García-Castellano
- Molecular and Translational Pharmacology Lab, Institute for Biomedical and Health Research (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Leandro Fernández-Pérez
- Molecular and Translational Pharmacology Lab, Institute for Biomedical and Health Research (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
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21
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Zeng R, Dong J. The Hippo Signaling Pathway in Drug Resistance in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020318. [PMID: 33467099 PMCID: PMC7830227 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Although great breakthroughs have been made in cancer treatment following the development of targeted therapy and immune therapy, resistance against anti-cancer drugs remains one of the most challenging conundrums. Considerable effort has been made to discover the underlying mechanisms through which malignant tumor cells acquire or develop resistance to anti-cancer treatment. The Hippo signaling pathway appears to play an important role in this process. This review focuses on how components in the human Hippo signaling pathway contribute to drug resistance in a variety of cancer types. This article also summarizes current pharmacological interventions that are able to target the Hippo signaling pathway and serve as potential anti-cancer therapeutics. Abstract Chemotherapy represents one of the most efficacious strategies to treat cancer patients, bringing advantageous changes at least temporarily even to those patients with incurable malignancies. However, most patients respond poorly after a certain number of cycles of treatment due to the development of drug resistance. Resistance to drugs administrated to cancer patients greatly limits the benefits that patients can achieve and continues to be a severe clinical difficulty. Among the mechanisms which have been uncovered to mediate anti-cancer drug resistance, the Hippo signaling pathway is gaining increasing attention due to the remarkable oncogenic activities of its components (for example, YAP and TAZ) and their druggable properties. This review will highlight current understanding of how the Hippo signaling pathway regulates anti-cancer drug resistance in tumor cells, and currently available pharmacological interventions targeting the Hippo pathway to eradicate malignant cells and potentially treat cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jixin Dong
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-402-559-5596; Fax: +1-402-559-4651
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22
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Driskill JH, Pan D. The Hippo Pathway in Liver Homeostasis and Pathophysiology. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2020; 16:299-322. [PMID: 33234023 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-030420-105050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies of the regenerative capacity of the liver have converged on the Hippo pathway, a serine/threonine kinase cascade discovered in Drosophila and conserved from unicellular organisms to mammals. Genetic studies of mouse and rat livers have revealed that the Hippo pathway is a key regulator of liver size, regeneration, development, metabolism, and homeostasis and that perturbations in the Hippo pathway can lead to the development of common liver diseases, such as fatty liver disease and liver cancer. In turn, pharmacological targeting of the Hippo pathway may be utilized to boost regeneration and to prevent the development and progression of liver diseases. We review current insights provided by the Hippo pathway into liver pathophysiology. Furthermore, we present a path forward for future studies to understand how newly identified components of the Hippo pathway may control liver physiology and how the Hippo pathway is regulated in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan H Driskill
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA; , .,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
| | - Duojia Pan
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA; ,
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Maloney SM, Hoover CA, Morejon-Lasso LV, Prosperi JR. Mechanisms of Taxane Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3323. [PMID: 33182737 PMCID: PMC7697134 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The taxane family of chemotherapy drugs has been used to treat a variety of mostly epithelial-derived tumors and remain the first-line treatment for some cancers. Despite the improved survival time and reduction of tumor size observed in some patients, many have no response to the drugs or develop resistance over time. Taxane resistance is multi-faceted and involves multiple pathways in proliferation, apoptosis, metabolism, and the transport of foreign substances. In this review, we dive deeper into hypothesized resistance mechanisms from research during the last decade, with a focus on the cancer types that use taxanes as first-line treatment but frequently develop resistance to them. Furthermore, we will discuss current clinical inhibitors and those yet to be approved that target key pathways or proteins and aim to reverse resistance in combination with taxanes or individually. Lastly, we will highlight taxane response biomarkers, specific genes with monitored expression and correlated with response to taxanes, mentioning those currently being used and those that should be adopted. The future directions of taxanes involve more personalized approaches to treatment by tailoring drug-inhibitor combinations or alternatives depending on levels of resistance biomarkers. We hope that this review will identify gaps in knowledge surrounding taxane resistance that future research or clinical trials can overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M. Maloney
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN 46617, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
| | - Camden A. Hoover
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
| | - Lorena V. Morejon-Lasso
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
| | - Jenifer R. Prosperi
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN 46617, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, IN 46617, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA; (C.A.H.); (L.V.M.-L.)
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Wu J, Chai H, Li F, Ren Q, Gu Y. SETD1A augments sorafenib primary resistance via activating YAP in hepatocellular carcinoma. Life Sci 2020; 260:118406. [PMID: 32918976 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Sorafenib, the approved first-line chemotherapy drug for HCC (Hepatocellular Carcinoma), remains the key treatment agent which effectively improves the survival rate of advanced HCC patients. However, the sorafenib primary resistance limits the application of sorafenib for HCC treatment. The aims of current study are to explore the role and mechanism of SETD1A (Histone Lysine Methyltransferase SET Domain Containing 1A) in sorafenib primary resistance. MAIN METHODS The SETD1A expression in HCC was analyzed by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis. The survival of HCC patients was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier Plotter. Western Blot and Real-time qPCR were performed to measure the protein and mRNA levels, respectively. Cell counting kit-8 assay and colony formation assay were performed to determine cell viability and proliferation. Propidium Iodide and Trypan Blue staining assays were performed to investigate cell death. KEY FINDINGS Here, we showed that the expression of SETD1A was markedly upregulated in both HCC cell lines and tumor tissues compared to normal hepatocytes and corresponding non-tumor liver tissues, respectively. Regardless of whether treated with sorafenib, the patients who had higher level of SETD1A underwent lower survival rate of overall. In addition, SETD1A expression was positively correlated with the IC50 of sorafenib treated HCC cell lines. Furthermore, we indicated that knockdown of SETD1 augmented proliferation inhibition and cell death induced by sorafenib. SETD1A deficiency impaired YAP (Yes-associated protein) phosphorylation and activation. YAP activation contributed to SETD1A mediated sorafenib primary resistance. SIGNIFICANCE The current study demonstrated that SETD1A enhanced YAP activation to induce sorafenib primary resistance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jugang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongjuan Chai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Ren
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hainan West Central Hospital (Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Hainan Branch), Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Hainan, China.
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Sarmasti Emami S, Zhang D, Yang X. Interaction of the Hippo Pathway and Phosphatases in Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2438. [PMID: 32867200 PMCID: PMC7564220 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an emerging tumor suppressor signaling pathway involved in a wide range of cellular processes. Dysregulation of different components of the Hippo signaling pathway is associated with a number of diseases including cancer. Therefore, identification of the Hippo pathway regulators and the underlying mechanism of its regulation may be useful to uncover new therapeutics for cancer therapy. The Hippo signaling pathway includes a set of kinases that phosphorylate different proteins in order to phosphorylate and inactivate its main downstream effectors, YAP and TAZ. Thus, modulating phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the Hippo components by kinases and phosphatases play critical roles in the regulation of the signaling pathway. While information regarding kinase regulation of the Hippo pathway is abundant, the role of phosphatases in regulating this pathway is just beginning to be understood. In this review, we summarize the most recent reports on the interaction of phosphatases and the Hippo pathway in tumorigenesis. We have also introduced challenges in clarifying the role of phosphatases in the Hippo pathway and future direction of crosstalk between phosphatases and the Hippo pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada; (S.S.E.); (D.Z.)
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26
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Xue J, Sang W, Su LP, Gao HX, Cui WL, Abulajiang G, Wang Q, Zhang J, Zhang W. Proteomics reveals protein phosphatase 1γ as a biomarker associated with Hippo signal pathway in glioma. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153187. [PMID: 32919304 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hub proteins related with Hippo signal pathway in glioma were investigated using proteomics methods (Tandem Mass Tag, TMT) to determine the differentially expressed proteins in glioblastoma (GBM). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was performed to complement proteomic findings by identifying the top canonical pathways as well as to suggest novel proteins for the targeted therapy of glioma. A total of 222 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) glioma tissue samples were used to verify the expression of protein phosphatase 1γ (PP1γ), Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1), and SOX2 via immunohistochemistry. Bioinformatics analysis revealed these proteins as crucial in the Hippo signaling pathway in GBM. Spearman correlation was performed to analyze the relationship of these three proteins, and survival analysis was conducted to investigate their effects on prognosis. Among the 5808 proteins identified by TMT with the standard of P-value < 0.05 and fold change (FC) of>1.2 or <0.83, 1398 upregulated and 1060 downregulated differentially expressed proteins were found. IPA revealed that the Hippo signaling was activated in the top 10 canonical pathways, and PP1γ was activated in the Hippo signaling. Immunohistochemistry analysis indicated that PP1γ, YAP1, and SOX2 were highly and positively expressed in glioma. PP1γ expression was related to WHO grade (p = 0.003) and ki-67 expression (p = 0.012). Low PP1γ expression was associated with IDH1-mut in low-grade glioma (LGG; WHO grades II and III) (p = 0.037). PP1γ was positively correlated with YAP1 (p < 0.001; r = 0.259) and SOX2 (p = 0.009; r = 0.175). In survival analysis, age, WHO grade, ki-67 expression, and PP1γ expression independently predicted a short OS in total cohort (p < 0.05). Therefore, PP1γ is a hub protein associated with Hippo signal pathway in glioma, and its expression indicates poor prognosis in patients with glioma. Therefore, PP1γ may be a promising prognostic biomarker and a therapeutic target in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xue
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan Southern Road, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830054, PR China; Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393 Xinyi Road, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830011, PR China; Department of Pathology, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 116 Huanghe Road, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830000, PR China
| | - Wei Sang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan Southern Road, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830054, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Su
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan Southern Road, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830054, PR China
| | - Hai-Xia Gao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan Southern Road, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830054, PR China; Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393 Xinyi Road, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830011, PR China
| | - Wen-Li Cui
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan Southern Road, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830054, PR China
| | - Gulinaer Abulajiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan Southern Road, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830054, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan Southern Road, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830054, PR China; Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393 Xinyi Road, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830011, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 116 Huanghe Road, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830000, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137 Liyushan Southern Road, Urumqi, The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, 830054, PR China.
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Uchihara T, Miyake K, Yonemura A, Komohara Y, Itoyama R, Koiwa M, Yasuda T, Arima K, Harada K, Eto K, Hayashi H, Iwatsuki M, Iwagami S, Baba Y, Yoshida N, Yashiro M, Masuda M, Ajani JA, Tan P, Baba H, Ishimoto T. Extracellular Vesicles from Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Containing Annexin A6 Induces FAK-YAP Activation by Stabilizing β1 Integrin, Enhancing Drug Resistance. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3222-3235. [PMID: 32605995 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are composed of diverse payloads. Although CAFs impact the aggressive characteristics of gastric cancer cells, the contribution of CAF-EV to gastric cancer progression has not been elucidated. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of the changes in gastric cancer characteristics induced by CAF-EV. CAF abundance in gastric cancer tissues was associated with poor prognosis of patients with gastric cancer receiving chemotherapy. Moreover, CAF-EV induced tubular network formation and drug resistance of gastric cancer cells in the extracellular matrix (ECM). Comprehensive proteomic analysis of CAF-EV identified that Annexin A6 plays a pivotal role in network formation and drug resistance of gastric cancer cells in the ECM via activation of β1 integrin-focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-YAP. A peritoneal metastasis mouse model revealed that CAF-EV induced drug resistance in peritoneal tumors, and inhibition of FAK or YAP efficiently attenuated gastric cancer drug resistance in vitro and in vivo. These findings demonstrate that drug resistance is conferred by Annexin A6 in CAF-EV and provide a potential avenue for overcoming gastric cancer drug resistance through the inhibition of FAK-YAP signaling in combination with conventional chemotherapeutics. SIGNIFICANCE: This study elucidates a novel molecular mechanism through which Annexin A6 in CAF-EV activates FAK-YAP by stabilizing β1 integrin at the cell surface of gastric cancer cells and subsequently induces drug resistance. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/80/16/3222/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Uchihara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Miyake
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Atsuko Yonemura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Rumi Itoyama
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Mayu Koiwa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tadahito Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kota Arima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuto Harada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Kojiro Eto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaaki Iwatsuki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shiro Iwagami
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoya Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Molecular Oncology and Therapeutics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mari Masuda
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Patrick Tan
- Program in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan. .,Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Aging, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Ishimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan. .,Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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28
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The Hippo Pathway as a Driver of Select Human Cancers. Trends Cancer 2020; 6:781-796. [PMID: 32446746 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway regulates myriad biological processes in diverse species and is a key cancer signaling network in humans. Although Hippo has been linked to multiple aspects of cancer, its role in this disease is incompletely understood. Large-scale pan-cancer analyses of core Hippo pathway genes reveal that the pathway is mutated at a high frequency only in select human cancers, including malignant mesothelioma and meningioma. Hippo pathway deregulation is also enriched in squamous epithelial cancers. We discuss cancer-related functions of the Hippo pathway and potential explanations for the cancer-restricted mutation profile of core Hippo pathway genes. Greater understanding of Hippo pathway deregulation in cancers will be essential to guide the imminent use of Hippo-targeted therapies.
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29
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Najminejad H, Farhadihosseinabadi B, Dabaghian M, Dezhkam A, Rigi Yousofabadi E, Najminejad R, Abdollahpour-Alitappeh M, Karimi MH, Bagheri N, Mahi-Birjand M, Ghasemi N, Mazaheri M, Kalantar SM, Seifalian A, Sheikhha MH. Key Regulatory miRNAs and their Interplay with Mechanosensing and Mechanotransduction Signaling Pathways in Breast Cancer Progression. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1113-1128. [PMID: 32430354 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
According to the WHO, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Identification of underlying mechanisms in breast cancer progression is the main concerns of researches. The mechanical forces within the tumor microenvironment, in addition to biochemical stimuli such as different growth factors and cytokines, activate signaling cascades, resulting in various changes in cancer cell physiology. Cancer cell proliferation, invasiveness, migration, and, even, resistance to cancer therapeutic agents are changed due to activation of mechanotransduction signaling. The mechanotransduction signaling is frequently dysregulated in breast cancer, indicating its important role in cancer cell features. So far, a variety of experimental investigations have been conducted to determine the main regulators of the mechanotransduction signaling. Currently, the role of miRNAs has been well-defined in the cancer process through advances in molecular-based approaches. miRNAs are small groups of RNAs (∼22 nucleotides) that contribute to various biological events in cells. The central role of miRNAs in the regulation of various mediators involved in the mechanotransduction signaling has been well clarified over the last decade. Unbalanced expression of miRNAs is associated with different pathologic conditions. Overexpression and downregulation of certain miRNAs were found to be along with dysregulation of mechanotransduction signaling effectors. This study aimed to critically review the role of miRNAs in the regulation of mediators involved in the mechanosensing pathways and clarify how the cross-talk between miRNAs and their targets affect the cell behavior and physiology of breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Najminejad
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Behrouz Farhadihosseinabadi
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neuroscience Research Center (NRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Dabaghian
- Research and Development Department, Razi Vaccine and serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Dezhkam
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | | | - Reza Najminejad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | | | - Nader Bagheri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Motahareh Mahi-Birjand
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Nasrin Ghasemi
- Abortion Research Centre, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahta Mazaheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Kalantar
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Alexander Seifalian
- Nanotechnology & Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre (Ltd), The London BioScience Innovation Centre, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Mohammad Hasan Sheikhha
- Genetics and Biotechnology Lab, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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30
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Liu J, Li J, Chen H, Wang R, Li P, Miao Y, Liu P. Metformin suppresses proliferation and invasion of drug-resistant breast cancer cells by activation of the Hippo pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5786-5796. [PMID: 32281270 PMCID: PMC7214175 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance limits the clinical efficacy of breast cancer therapies, and overexpression or activation of Yes-associated protein (YAP) is common in drug-resistant cancer cells. Thus, inhibition of YAP may reduce resistance to anti-cancer drugs. Metformin (MET), a first-line diabetes medication that also has anti-tumour activities, induces AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), directly phosphorylates YAP and inhibits YAP transcriptional activity. In this study, we determined the effect of MET on the proliferation and invasion of drug-resistant breast cancer cells and then investigated the underlying molecular mechanism. Our in vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that MET suppressed breast cancer by an AMPK-independent pathway to decrease YAP nuclear localization. In drug-sensitive cells, MET activated the Hippo pathway by increasing KIBRA and FRMD6 expression, but this did not occur in drug-resistant cells. Scribble (SCRIB), a cell polarity protein, was notably down-regulated in tamoxifen- and paclitaxel-resistant breast cancer cells relative to sensitive cells. We also found that MET suppressed the proliferation and invasion of drug-resistant breast cancer cells by increasing the expression and cell membrane localization of SCRIB, which enhanced the interaction of SCRIB with MST1 and LATS1, and inhibited YAP nuclear localization and transcriptional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juan Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - He Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pingping Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Miao
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peijun Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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31
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Zucchini C, Manara MC, Cristalli C, Carrabotta M, Greco S, Pinca RS, Ferrari C, Landuzzi L, Pasello M, Lollini PL, Gambarotti M, Donati DM, Scotlandi K. ROCK2 deprivation leads to the inhibition of tumor growth and metastatic potential in osteosarcoma cells through the modulation of YAP activity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:503. [PMID: 31878963 PMCID: PMC6933701 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1506-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background The treatment of metastatic osteosarcoma (OS) remains a challenge for oncologists, and novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. An understanding of the pathways that regulate OS dissemination is required for the design of novel treatment approaches. We recently identified Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 2 (ROCK2) as a crucial driver of OS cell migration. In this study, we explored the impact of ROCK2 disruption on the metastatic capabilities of OS cells and analyzed its functional relationship with Yes-associated protein-1 (YAP), the main transcriptional mediator of mechanotransduction signaling. Methods The effects of ROCK2 depletion on metastasis were studied in NOD Scid gamma (NSG) mice injected with U-2OS cells in which ROCK2 expression had been stably silenced. Functional studies were performed in vitro in human U-2OS cells and in three novel cell lines derived from patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) by using standard methods to evaluate malignancy parameters and signaling transduction. The nuclear immunostaining of YAP and the evaluation of its downstream targets Cysteine Rich Angiogenic Inducer 6, Connective Tissue Growth Factor and Cyclin D1 by quantitative PCR were performed to analyze YAP activity. The effect of the expression and activity of ROCK2 and YAP on tumor progression was analyzed in 175 OS primary tumors. Results The silencing of ROCK2 markedly reduced tumor growth and completely abolished the metastatic ability of U-2OS cells. The depletion of ROCK2, either by pharmacological inhibition or silencing, induced a dose- and time-dependent reduction in the nuclear expression and transcriptional activity of YAP. The nuclear expression of YAP was observed in 80/175 (46%) tumor samples and was significantly correlated with worse patient prognosis and a higher likelihood of metastasis and death. The use of verteporfin, a molecule that specifically inhibits the TEAD–YAP association, remarkably impaired the growth and migration of OS cells in vitro. Moreover to inhibiting YAP activity, our findings indicate that verteporfin also affects the ROCK2 protein and its functions. Conclusions We describe the functional connection between ROCK2 and YAP in the regulation of OS cell migration and metastasis formation. These data provide support for the use of verteporfin as a possible therapeutic option to prevent OS cell dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Zucchini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, (DIMES), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40126, Bologna, BO, Italy.
| | - Maria Cristina Manara
- Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Cristalli
- Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marianna Carrabotta
- Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Greco
- Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rosa Simona Pinca
- Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Ferrari
- Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lorena Landuzzi
- Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Pasello
- Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pier-Luigi Lollini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, (DIMES), University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40126, Bologna, BO, Italy
| | - Marco Gambarotti
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Maria Donati
- Clinica Ortopedica III, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.,Department of DIBINEM, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Experimental Oncology Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
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A one-step tRNA-CRISPR system for genome-wide genetic interaction mapping in mammalian cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14499. [PMID: 31601883 PMCID: PMC6787096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51090-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mapping genetic interactions in mammalian cells is limited due to technical obstacles. Here we describe a method called TCGI (tRNA-CRISPR for genetic interactions) to generate a high-efficient, barcode-free and scalable pairwise CRISPR libraries in mammalian cells for identifying genetic interactions. We have generated a genome- wide library to identify genes genetically interacting with TAZ in cell viability regulation. Validation of candidate synergistic genes reveals the screening accuracy of 85% and TAZ-MCL1 is characterized as combinational drug targets for non-small cell lung cancer treatments. TCGI has dramatically improved the current methods for mapping genetic interactions and screening drug targets for combinational therapies.
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Withdrawn: In vitro single-strand DNA damage and cancer cell cytotoxicity of temozolomide. Cancer Med 2019; 9:7793. [PMID: 31568693 PMCID: PMC7571816 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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34
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Li Y, Lu J, Chen Q, Han S, Shao H, Chen P, Jin Q, Yang M, Shangguan F, Fei M, Wang L, Liu Y, Liu N, Lu B. Artemisinin suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth, migration and invasion by targeting cellular bioenergetics and Hippo-YAP signaling. Arch Toxicol 2019; 93:3367-3383. [PMID: 31563988 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-019-02579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The primary liver cancer (PLC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. The predominant form of PLC is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which accounts for about 85% of all PLC. Artemisinin (ART) was clinically used as anti-malarial agents. Recently, it was demonstrated to inhibit cell growth and migration in multiple cancer types. However, the molecular mechanism underlying these anti-cancer activity remains largely unknown. Herein, it is discovered that ART dramatically suppresses HCC cell growth in vitro through arresting cell cycle progression, and represses cell migration and invasion via regulating N-cadherin-Snail-E-cadherin axis. In addition, the disruption of cellular bioenergetics contributed to ART-caused cell growth, migration and invasion inhibition. Moreover, ART (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) substantially inhibits HCC xenograft growth in vivo. Importantly, Hippo-YAP signal transduction is remarkably inactivated in HCC cells upon ART administration. Collectively, these data reveal a novel mechanism of ART in regulating HCC cell growth, migration, and invasion, which indicates that ART could be considered as a potential drug for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Li
- Protein Quality Control and Diseases Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.,Department of Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Protein Quality Control and Diseases Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Intensive Care, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Shengnan Han
- Protein Quality Control and Diseases Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Hua Shao
- Protein Quality Control and Diseases Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Pingyi Chen
- Protein Quality Control and Diseases Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Qiumei Jin
- Protein Quality Control and Diseases Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Mingyue Yang
- Protein Quality Control and Diseases Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Fugen Shangguan
- Protein Quality Control and Diseases Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Mingming Fei
- Protein Quality Control and Diseases Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Protein Quality Control and Diseases Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yongzhang Liu
- Protein Quality Control and Diseases Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China. .,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
| | - Naxin Liu
- Department of Pancreatitis Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China. .,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
| | - Bin Lu
- Protein Quality Control and Diseases Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, University-Town, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China. .,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Top Key Discipline in Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
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Rice A, Del Rio Hernandez A. The Mutational Landscape of Pancreatic and Liver Cancers, as Represented by Circulating Tumor DNA. Front Oncol 2019; 9:952. [PMID: 31608239 PMCID: PMC6769086 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mutational landscapes of pancreatic and liver cancers share many common genetic alterations which drive cancer progression. However, these mutations do not occur in all cases of these diseases, and this tumoral heterogeneity impedes diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic development. One minimally invasive method for the evaluation of tumor mutations is the analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), released through apoptosis, necrosis, and active secretion by tumor cells into various body fluids. By observing mutations in those genes which promote transformation by controlling the cell cycle and oncogenic signaling pathways, a representation of the mutational profile of the tumor is revealed. The analysis of ctDNA is a promising technique for investigating these two gastrointestinal cancers, as many studies have reported on the accuracy of ctDNA assessment for diagnosis and prognosis using a variety of techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair Rice
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom
| | - Armando Del Rio Hernandez
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom
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36
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Nouri K, Azad T, Lightbody E, Khanal P, Nicol CJ, Yang X. A kinome-wide screen using a NanoLuc LATS luminescent biosensor identifies ALK as a novel regulator of the Hippo pathway in tumorigenesis and immune evasion. FASEB J 2019; 33:12487-12499. [PMID: 31431076 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901343r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is an emerging signaling pathway that plays important roles in organ size control, tissue homeostasis, tumorigenesis, metastasis, drug resistance, and immune response. Although many regulators of the Hippo pathway have been reported, the extracellular stimuli and kinase regulators of the Hippo pathway remain largely unknown. To identify novel regulars of the Hippo pathway, in this study we created the first ultra-bright NanoLuc biosensor (BS) to monitor the activity of large tumor suppressor (LATS) kinase 1, a central player of the Hippo pathway. We show that this NanoLuc BS achieves significantly advanced sensitivity and stability both in vitro using purified proteins and in vivo in living cells and mice. Using this BS, we perform the first kinome-wide screen and identify many kinases regulating LATS and its effectors yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ- binding motif (TAZ). We also show for the first time that activation of receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) by its extracellular ligand family with sequence similarity (FAM)150 activates Hippo effector YAP/TAZ by increasing their nuclear translocation. Significantly, we show that constitutively active ALK induces tumorigenic phenotypes, such as increased cancer cell proliferation/colony formation via YAP/TAZ and elevated immune evasion via YAP/TAZ-programmed death-ligand 1 in breast and lung cancer cells. In summary, we have developed a new LATS BS for cancer biology and therapeutics research and uncovered a novel ALK-LATS-YAP/TAZ signaling axis that may play important roles in cancer and possibly other biologic processes.-Nouri, K., Azad, T., Lightbody, E., Khanal, P., Nicol, C. J., Yang, X. A kinome-wide screen using a NanoLuc LATS luminescent biosensor identifies ALK as a novel regulator of the Hippo pathway in tumorigenesis and immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Nouri
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Taha Azad
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Lightbody
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Prem Khanal
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher J Nicol
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Zheng Y, Pan D. The Hippo Signaling Pathway in Development and Disease. Dev Cell 2019; 50:264-282. [PMID: 31386861 PMCID: PMC6748048 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 487] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway regulates diverse physiological processes, and its dysfunction has been implicated in an increasing number of human diseases, including cancer. Here, we provide an updated review of the Hippo pathway; discuss its roles in development, homeostasis, regeneration, and diseases; and highlight outstanding questions for future investigation and opportunities for Hippo-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zheng
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9040, USA
| | - Duojia Pan
- Department of Physiology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9040, USA.
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38
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Shreberk-Shaked M, Oren M. New insights into YAP/TAZ nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling: new cancer therapeutic opportunities? Mol Oncol 2019; 13:1335-1341. [PMID: 31050214 PMCID: PMC6547617 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes‐associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co‐activator with PDZ‐binding motif (TAZ), the main effectors of the Hippo pathway, are emerging as important players in cancer biology and therapy response. The intracellular localization of YAP/TAZ is a key determinant in the regulation of their activity and their roles in signal transduction. This is particularly relevant for cancer: Aberrant nuclear localization of YAP and TAZ has been observed in numerous human cancers and may therefore represent an attractive target for cancer therapy. In this review, we describe the mechanisms that regulate the nucleo‐cytoplasmic shuttling of YAP/TAZ and their implications for cancer, and discuss how the new insights about this process may pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moshe Oren
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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39
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Chen YA, Lu CY, Cheng TY, Pan SH, Chen HF, Chang NS. WW Domain-Containing Proteins YAP and TAZ in the Hippo Pathway as Key Regulators in Stemness Maintenance, Tissue Homeostasis, and Tumorigenesis. Front Oncol 2019; 9:60. [PMID: 30805310 PMCID: PMC6378284 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway is a conserved signaling pathway originally defined in Drosophila melanogaster two decades ago. Deregulation of the Hippo pathway leads to significant overgrowth in phenotypes and ultimately initiation of tumorigenesis in various tissues. The major WW domain proteins in the Hippo pathway are YAP and TAZ, which regulate embryonic development, organ growth, tissue regeneration, stem cell pluripotency, and tumorigenesis. Recent reports reveal the novel roles of YAP/TAZ in establishing the precise balance of stem cell niches, promoting the production of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and provoking signals for regeneration and cancer initiation. Activation of YAP/TAZ, for example, results in the expansion of progenitor cells, which promotes regeneration after tissue damage. YAP is highly expressed in self-renewing pluripotent stem cells. Overexpression of YAP halts stem cell differentiation and yet maintains the inherent stem cell properties. A success in reprograming iPSCs by the transfection of cells with Oct3/4, Sox2, and Yap expression constructs has recently been shown. In this review, we update the current knowledge and the latest progress in the WW domain proteins of the Hippo pathway in relevance to stem cell biology, and provide a thorough understanding in the tissue homeostasis and identification of potential targets to block tumor development. We also provide the regulatory role of tumor suppressor WWOX in the upstream of TGF-β, Hyal-2, and Wnt signaling that cross talks with the Hippo pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-An Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yu Lu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tian-You Cheng
- Department of Optics and Photonics, National Central University, Chungli, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Hua Pan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Fu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine and the Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Shan Chang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, New York, NY, United States.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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40
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Yeldag G, Rice A, Del Río Hernández A. Chemoresistance and the Self-Maintaining Tumor Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E471. [PMID: 30487436 PMCID: PMC6315745 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10120471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The progression of cancer is associated with alterations in the tumor microenvironment, including changes in extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, matrix rigidity, hypervascularization, hypoxia, and paracrine factors. One key malignant phenotype of cancer cells is their ability to resist chemotherapeutics, and elements of the ECM can promote chemoresistance in cancer cells through a variety of signaling pathways, inducing changes in gene expression and protein activity that allow resistance. Furthermore, the ECM is maintained as an environment that facilitates chemoresistance, since its constitution modulates the phenotype of cancer-associated cells, which themselves affect the microenvironment. In this review, we discuss how the properties of the tumor microenvironment promote chemoresistance in cancer cells, and the interplay between these external stimuli. We focus on both the response of cancer cells to the external environment, as well as the maintenance of the external environment, and how a chemoresistant phenotype emerges from the complex signaling network present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulcen Yeldag
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Alistair Rice
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| | - Armando Del Río Hernández
- Cellular and Molecular Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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41
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Tao Y, Shan L, Xu X, Jiang H, Chen R, Qian Z, Yang Z, Liang B, Zheng H, Cai F, Yu Y, Ma L. Huaier Augmented the Chemotherapeutic Sensitivity of Oxaliplatin via Downregulation of YAP in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Cancer 2018; 9:3962-3970. [PMID: 30410600 PMCID: PMC6218774 DOI: 10.7150/jca.25909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
For unresectable Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), chemotherapy is still an important treatment strategy. Oxaliplatin (Oxa) is an effective treatment of HCC after sorafenib treatment failure. However, the intrinsic or acquired resistance of Oxa affected the chemotherapeutic sensitivity. By analyzing the data of GEO Database, we found that Oxa aberrantly increased the expression of Cysteine-rich61 (Cyr61) in HCC cell lines. Subsequently, in Bel-7404 and SMMC-7721 cells after treated with Oxa, it was verified that the expression of Cyr61 and Yes-associated protein (YAP) was increased. Moreover, we found that blockade of YAP promoted Oxa-induced cell apoptosis for the first time. Meanwhile, our previous study demonstrated that Huaier (HE) inhibited the expression of YAP. Further study found that combination treatment of Oxa and HE had a significantly synergistic anti-cancer effect and significantly inhibited the expression of YAP and apoptosis related proteins. Taken together, we have observed that overexpression of YAP significantly reduced the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of Oxa in HCC for the first time. Combination treatment of Oxa and HE solved this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuquan Tao
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Liang Shan
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Hongyuan Jiang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Zijun Qian
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Zongguo Yang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China.,Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Haiyin Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Feng Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
| | - Yongchun Yu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China.,Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P.R. China
| | - Lifang Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200071, P.R. China
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Azad T, Nouri K, Janse van Rensburg HJ, Hao Y, Yang X. Monitoring Hippo Signaling Pathway Activity Using a Luciferase-based Large Tumor Suppressor (LATS) Biosensor. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 30272653 DOI: 10.3791/58416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway is a conserved regulator of organ size and has important roles in the development and cancer biology. Due to technical challenges, it remains difficult to assess the activity of this signaling pathway and interpret it within a biological context. The existing literature on large tumor suppressor (LATS) relies on methods that are qualitative and cannot easily be scaled-up for screening. Recently, we have developed a bioluminescence-based biosensor to monitor the kinase activity of LATS-a core component of the Hippo kinase cascade. Here, we describe procedures for how this LATS biosensor (LATS-BS) can be used to characterize Hippo pathway regulators. First, we provide a detailed protocol for investigating the effect of an overexpressed protein candidate (e.g., VEGFR2) on LATS activity using the LATS-BS. Then, we show how the LATS-BS can be used for a small-scale kinase inhibitor screen. This protocol can feasibly be scaled-up to perform larger screens, which undoubtedly will identify novel regulators of the Hippo pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Azad
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University
| | - Kazem Nouri
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University
| | | | - Yawei Hao
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University;
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43
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Mechanoregulation and pathology of YAP/TAZ via Hippo and non-Hippo mechanisms. Clin Transl Med 2018; 7:23. [PMID: 30101371 PMCID: PMC6087706 DOI: 10.1186/s40169-018-0202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its paralog WW domain containing transcription regulator 1 (TAZ) are important regulators of multiple cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, and survival. On the tissue level, YAP/TAZ are essential for embryonic development, organ size control and regeneration, while their deregulation leads to carcinogenesis or other diseases. As an underlying principle for YAP/TAZ-mediated regulation of biological functions, a growing body of research reveals that YAP/TAZ play a central role in delivering information of mechanical environments surrounding cells to the nucleus transcriptional machinery. In this review, we discuss mechanical cue-dependent regulatory mechanisms for YAP/TAZ functions, as well as their clinical significance in cancer progression and treatment.
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44
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Zhou W, Tan W, Huang X, Yu HG. Doxorubicin combined with Notch1-targeting siRNA for the treatment of gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:2805-2812. [PMID: 30127866 PMCID: PMC6096196 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch1, a transmembrane receptor that has a notable role in gastric cancer (GC) as an oncogene, has been reported to be involved in doxorubicin resistance. Thus, Notch1 is a potential therapeutic target for GC. In the present study, the protein levels of Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD; a marker of Notch1 activation) in human GC cell lines and tumor tissues was measured by western blotting. Next, the effects of Notch1 depletion in SGC7901 cells were evaluated. Finally, the efficacy of Notch1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) combined with doxorubicin therapy for GC was examined in vitro and in vivo. The results revealed that NICD levels were high in GC cells, and that the inhibition of NICD by transfection with Notch1 siRNA induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation. Ectopic downregulation of Notch1 expression enhanced the sensitivity of GC tumors to doxorubicin, which suppressed the development of GC. These data demonstrated that Notch1 was a significant regulator of cell proliferation and apoptosis in GC. Thus, the combination of doxorubicin with Notch1 siRNA is a potential strategy for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive System Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive System Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Xu Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive System Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Hong Gang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Digestive System Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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45
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Song K, Zhao W, Wang W, Zhang N, Wang K, Chang Z. Individualized predictive signatures for 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy in right- and left-sided colon cancer. Cancer Sci 2018; 109:1939-1948. [PMID: 29700901 PMCID: PMC5989868 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU)‐based adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) is widely used for the treatment of colon cancer. Colon cancers with different primary tumor locations are clinically and molecularly distinct, implied through their response to 5‐FU‐based ACT. In this work, using 69 and 133 samples of patients with stage II‐III right‐sided and left‐sided colon cancer (RCC and LCC) treated with post‐surgery 5‐FU‐based ACT, we preselected gene pairs whose relative expression orderings were significantly correlated with the disease‐free survival of patients by univariate Cox proportional hazards model. Then, from the identified prognostic‐related gene pairs, a forward‐stepwise selection algorithm was formulated to search for an optimal subset of gene pairs that resulted in the highest concordance index, referred to as the gene pair signature (GPS). We identified prognostic signatures, 3‐GPS and 5‐GPS, for predicting response to 5‐FU‐based ACT of patients with RCC and LCC, respectively, which were validated in independent datasets of GSE14333 and GSE72970. With the aid of the signatures, the transcriptional and genomic characteristics between the predicted responders and non‐responders were explored. Notably, both in RCC and LCC, the predicted responders to 5‐FU‐based ACT were characterized by hypermutation, whereas the predicted non‐responders were characterized by frequent copy number alternations. Finally, in comparison with the established relative expression ordering‐based signature, which was developed without considering the differences between RCC and LCC, the newly proposed signatures had a better predictive performance. In conclusion, 3‐GPS or 5‐GPS can robustly predict response to 5‐FU‐based ACT for patients with RCC or LCC, respectively, in an individual level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Song
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenyuan Zhao
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chang
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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46
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Huang L, Zeng L, Chu J, Xu P, Lv M, Xu J, Wen J, Li W, Wang L, Wu X, Fu Z, Xie H, Wang S. Chemoresistance‑related long non‑coding RNA expression profiles in human breast cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:243-253. [PMID: 29749447 PMCID: PMC6059676 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in females worldwide. Chemoresistance has been a major reason for the drug therapy failure. The present study performed a microarray analysis between MCF-7 and MCF-7/adriamycin (ADR) cells, and intended to identify long non-coding (lnc)RNA expression character in drug resistant breast cancer cells. MCF-7/ADR cells were induced from MCF-7 cells via pulse-selection with doxorubicin for 4 weeks, and the resistance to doxorubicin of ADR cells was confirmed by MTT assay. Microarray analysis was performed between MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells. Total RNA was extracted from the two cell lines respectively and was transcribed into cDNA. The results of the microarray were verified by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Gene Ontology (GO) and pathways analysis were conducted to enrich the dysregulated lncRNAs presented in the microarray results. Compared to the MCF-7 cells, 8,892 lncRNAs were differentially expressed in MCF/ADR cells (absolute fold-change >2.0). A total of 32 lncRNAs were selected for RT-qPCR by fold-change filtering, standard Student's t-test, and multiple hypothesis testing. Among the dysregulated lncRNAs, AX747207 was prominent because its associated gene RUNX3 was previously reported to be relative to malignant tumor chemoresistance. GO analysis results also indicated some biological processes and molecular functions linked to chemoresistance. The pathway enrichment results provided some potential pathways associated with chemoresistance. In the present study, the authors intended to identify lncRNA expression character in drug resistant cell line MCF-7/ADR, corresponding to the parental MCF-7 cell line. In addition, the study identified the lncRNA AX747207, and its potential targeted gene RUNX3, may be related to chemoresistance in breast cancer. These results may new insights into exploring the mechanisms of chemoresistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Zeng
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Medical Institute, Affiliated Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Chu
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Medical Institute, Affiliated Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
| | - Mingming Lv
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Medical Institute, Affiliated Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
| | - Juan Xu
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Medical Institute, Affiliated Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wen
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Medical Institute, Affiliated Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
| | - Wenqu Li
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Medical Institute, Affiliated Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
| | - Luyu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Ziyi Fu
- Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Medical Institute, Affiliated Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Shui Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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47
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Warren JSA, Xiao Y, Lamar JM. YAP/TAZ Activation as a Target for Treating Metastatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10040115. [PMID: 29642615 PMCID: PMC5923370 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10040115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) and Transcriptional Co-activator with PDZ-binding Motif (TAZ) have both emerged as important drivers of cancer progression and metastasis. YAP and TAZ are often upregulated or nuclear localized in aggressive human cancers. There is abundant experimental evidence demonstrating that YAP or TAZ activation promotes cancer formation, tumor progression, and metastasis. In this review we summarize the evidence linking YAP/TAZ activation to metastasis, and discuss the roles of YAP and TAZ during each step of the metastatic cascade. Collectively, this evidence strongly suggests that inappropriate YAP or TAZ activity plays a causal role in cancer, and that targeting aberrant YAP/TAZ activation is a promising strategy for the treatment of metastatic disease. To this end, we also discuss several potential strategies for inhibiting YAP/TAZ activation in cancer and the challenges each strategy poses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine S A Warren
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
| | - Yuxuan Xiao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
| | - John M Lamar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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48
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TAZ induces lung cancer stem cell properties and tumorigenesis by up-regulating ALDH1A1. Oncotarget 2018; 8:38426-38443. [PMID: 28415606 PMCID: PMC5503543 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that lung cancer stem cells (CSCs) may play major roles in lung cancer. Therefore, identification of lung CSC drivers may provide promising targets for lung cancer. TAZ is a transcriptional co-activator and key downstream effector of the Hippo pathway, which plays critical roles in various biological processes. TAZ has been shown to be overexpressed in lung cancer and involved in tumorigenicity of lung epithelial cells. However, whether TAZ is a driver for lung CSCs and tumor formation in vivo is unknown. In addition, the molecular mechanism underlying TAZ-induced lung tumorigenesis remains to be determined. In this study, we provided evidence that constitutively active TAZ (TAZ-S89A) is a driver for lung tumorigenesis in vivo in mice and formation of lung CSC. Further RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis identified Aldh1a1, a well-established CSC marker, as critical TAZ downstream target and showed that TAZ induces Aldh1a1 transcription by activating its promoter activity through interaction with the transcription factor TEAD. Most significantly, inhibition of ALDH1A1 with its inhibitor A37 or CRISPR gene knockout in lung cancer cells suppressed lung tumorigenic and CSC phenotypes in vitro, and tumor formation in mice in vivo. In conclusion, this study identified TAZ as a novel inducer of lung CSCs and the first transcriptional activator of the stem cell marker ALDH1A1. Most significantly, we identified ALDH1A1 as a critical meditator of TAZ-induced tumorigenic and CSC phenotypes in lung cancer. Our studies provided preclinical data for targeting of TAZ-TEAD-ALDH1A1 signaling to inhibit CSC-induced lung tumorigenesis in the future.
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49
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Taha Z, Janse van Rensburg HJ, Yang X. The Hippo Pathway: Immunity and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10040094. [PMID: 29597279 PMCID: PMC5923349 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10040094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery, the Hippo pathway has emerged as a central signaling network in mammalian cells. Canonical signaling through the Hippo pathway core components (MST1/2, LATS1/2, YAP and TAZ) is important for development and tissue homeostasis while aberrant signaling through the Hippo pathway has been implicated in multiple pathologies, including cancer. Recent studies have uncovered new roles for the Hippo pathway in immunology. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms by which Hippo signaling in pathogen-infected or neoplastic cells affects the activities of immune cells that respond to these threats. We further discuss how Hippo signaling functions as part of an immune response. Finally, we review how immune cell-intrinsic Hippo signaling modulates the development/function of leukocytes and propose directions for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Taha
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | | | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
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50
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Yang C, Wu K, Wang S, Wei G. Long non-coding RNA XIST promotes osteosarcoma progression by targeting YAP via miR-195-5p. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5646-5656. [PMID: 29384226 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The lncRNA XIST (X inactive-specific transcript) is an oncogenic lncRNA that is present in various malignant tumors; however, its role and molecular mechanisms in osteosarcoma (OS) progression remain unclear. In the current study, 40 pairs of OS tissues and matched adjacent non-tumor tissues were collected. qRT-PCR was conducted to investigate the differences in XIST expression in tissues and OS cell lines. The proliferation, invasion, and EMT status of OS cells after transfection were assessed with WST-1 assays, Transwell assays, and Western blot analysis, respectively. Whether miR-195-5p was a direct downstream target of XIST was verified by both bioinformatics target gene prediction and dual-luciferase report analysis. A mouse model was established to evaluate tumor proliferation in vivo. Our results demonstrated that XIST expression was significantly upregulated in OS tissues and cell lines and negatively correlated with clinical prognosis. XIST knockdown inhibited cancer cell proliferation and invasion in vitro, inhibited the EMT of OS cells in vitro, and suppressed subcutaneous tumor growth in vivo. Further analysis demonstrated that XIST regulated YAP expression by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA that sponged miR-195-5p in OS cells. XIST directly interacted with miR-195-5p and decreased the binding of miR-195-5p to the YAP 3'UTR, which suppressed the degradation of YAP mRNA by miR-195-5p. In conclusion, this work demonstrates that lncRNA XIST enhances OS cancer cell proliferation and invasion in part through the miR-195-5p/YAP pathway. Therefore, lncRNA XIST might be a promising therapeutic target for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Guanghui Wei
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
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