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Jia W, Yuan J, Li S, Cheng B. The role of dysregulated mRNA translation machinery in cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic value of ribosome-inactivating proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189018. [PMID: 37944831 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated protein synthesis is a hallmark of tumors. mRNA translation reprogramming contributes to tumorigenesis, which is fueled by abnormalities in ribosome formation, tRNA abundance and modification, and translation factors. Not only malignant cells but also stromal cells within tumor microenvironment can undergo transformation toward tumorigenic phenotypes during translational reprogramming. Ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) have garnered interests for their ability to selectively inhibit protein synthesis and suppress tumor growth. This review summarizes the role of dysregulated translation machinery in tumor development and explores the potential of RIPs in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Jia
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200043, China
| | - Jiaying Yuan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201900, China.
| | - Binbin Cheng
- Oncology Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200043, China.
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2
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Fanoodi A, Maharati A, Akhlaghipour I, Rahimi HR, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of tumor angiogenesis in liver cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154913. [PMID: 37931431 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common malignancies in human digestive system. Despite the recent therapeutic methods, there is a high rate of mortality among liver cancer patients. Late diagnosis in the advanced tumor stages can be one of the main reasons for the poor prognosis in these patients. Therefore, investigating the molecular mechanisms of liver cancer can be helpful for the early stage tumor detection and treatment. Vascular expansion in liver tumors can be one of the important reasons for poor prognosis and aggressiveness. Therefore, anti-angiogenic drugs are widely used in liver cancer patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have key roles in the regulation of angiogenesis in liver tumors. Due to the high stability of miRNAs in body fluids, these factors are widely used as the non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic markers in cancer patients. Regarding, the importance of angiogenesis during liver tumor growth and invasion, in the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in regulation of angiogenesis in these tumors. It has been reported that miRNAs mainly exert an anti-angiogenic function by regulation of tumor microenvironment, transcription factors, and signaling pathways in liver tumors. This review can be an effective step to suggest the miRNAs for the non-invasive early detection of malignant and invasive liver tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Fanoodi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Maharati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Akhlaghipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Rahimi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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3
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Peng HY, Wang L, Das JK, Kumar A, Ballard DJ, Ren Y, Xiong X, de Figueiredo P, Yang JM, Song J. Control of CD4 + T cells to restrain inflammatory diseases via eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:415. [PMID: 37875468 PMCID: PMC10598003 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01648-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
CD4+ T cells, particularly IL-17-secreting helper CD4+ T cells, play a central role in the inflammatory processes underlying autoimmune disorders. Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 Kinase (eEF2K) is pivotal in CD8+ T cells and has important implications in vascular dysfunction and inflammation-related diseases such as hypertension. However, its specific immunological role in CD4+ T cell activities and related inflammatory diseases remains elusive. Our investigation has uncovered that the deficiency of eEF2K disrupts the survival and proliferation of CD4+ T cells, impairs their ability to secrete cytokines. Notably, this dysregulation leads to heightened production of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-17, fosters a pro-inflammatory microenvironment in the absence of eEF2K in CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, the absence of eEF2K in CD4+ T cells is linked to increased metabolic activity and mitochondrial bioenergetics. We have shown that eEF2K regulates mitochondrial function and CD4+ T cell activity through the upregulation of the transcription factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Crucially, the deficiency of eEF2K exacerbates the severity of inflammation-related diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and ulcerative colitis. Strikingly, the use of C188-9, a small molecule targeting STAT3, mitigates colitis in a murine immunodeficiency model receiving eEF2K knockout (KO) CD4+ T cells. These findings emphasize the pivotal role of eEF2K in controlling the function and metabolism of CD4+ T cells and its indispensable involvement in inflammation-related diseases. Manipulating eEF2K represents a promising avenue for novel therapeutic approaches in the treatment of inflammation-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yun Peng
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Liqing Wang
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Jugal Kishore Das
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Darby J Ballard
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Yijie Ren
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Xiaofang Xiong
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
| | - Paul de Figueiredo
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77845, USA
| | - Jin-Ming Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Science, and Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Jianxun Song
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, 77807, USA.
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Üremiş MM, Üremiş N, Türköz Y. Cucurbitacin E shows synergistic effect with sorafenib by inducing apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and regulates Jak/Stat3, ERK/MAPK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. Steroids 2023; 198:109261. [PMID: 37355001 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2023.109261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cucurbitacin E (CuE), a natural compound found in medicinal plants such as Ecballium Elaterium, has demonstrated antiproliferative and apoptotic effects in various cancer cell types due to its tetracyclic triterpenoid structure. Sorafenib, a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is commonly used in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of CuE alone and in combination with sorafenib on HepG2 cells. METHODS CuE was extracted from Ecballium Elaterium fruit juice and quantitatively evaluated using HPLC. The effect of sorafenib and CuE on cell growth inhibition was determined using the MTT test. Cell cycle progression and apoptosis were assessed using flow cytometry. Mitochondrial damage was evaluated with ΔΨm, and DNA damage was assessed using the comet assay. The expression of Jak2/Stat3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK, and Bcl-2 family-related genes and proteins were analyzed using western blot and qRT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS Both CuE (0.1-5 µM) and sorafenib (0.5-10 µM) exhibited dose- and time-dependent antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects against the HepG2 cell line. Both compounds induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells and halted the cell cycle in the G2/M phase while causing mitochondrial and DNA damage. Both compounds down-regulated Jak2/Stat3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MAPK signaling pathway proteins, and Bcl-xL levels, while up-regulated Caspase-9 and Bax protein levels. CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that CuE alone or in combination with sorafenib has the potential to be an effective therapeutic option for the treatment of HCC by inducing apoptosis and regulating multiple signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Mehdi Üremiş
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Nuray Üremiş
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Türköz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
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Gao X, Qian J, Zhang Y, Wang H, Cui J, Yang Y. Analysis of differential membrane proteins related to matrix stiffness-mediated metformin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Proteome Sci 2023; 21:14. [PMID: 37740172 PMCID: PMC10517517 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-023-00216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous work shows that increased matrix stiffness not only alters malignant characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, but also attenuates metformin efficacy in treating HCC cells. Here, we identified differential membrane proteins related to matrix stiffness-mediated metformin resistance for better understand therapeutic resistance of metformin in HCC. METHODS Differential membrane proteins in HCC cells grown on different stiffness substrates before and after metformin intervention were screened and identified using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling coupled with the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), then bioinformatic analysis were applied to determine candidate membrane protein and their possible signaling pathway. RESULTS A total of 5159 proteins were identified and 354 differential membrane proteins and membrane associated proteins, which might be associated with matrix stiffness-mediated metformin resistance were discovered. Then 94 candidate membrane proteins including 21 up-regulated protein molecules and 73 down-regulated protein molecules were further obtained. Some of them such as Annexin A2 (ANXA2), Filamin-A (FLNA), Moesin (MSN), Myosin-9 (MYH9), Elongation factor 2 (eEF2), and Tax1 binding Protein 3 (TAX1BP3) were selected for further validation. Their expressions were all downregulated in HCC cells grown on different stiffness substrates after metformin intervention. More importantly, the degree of decrease was obviously weakened on the higher stiffness substrate compared with that on the lower stiffness substrate, indicating that these candidate membrane proteins might contribute to matrix stiffness-mediated metformin resistance in HCC. CONCLUSIONS There was an obvious change in membrane proteins in matrix stiffness-mediated metformin resistance in HCC cells. Six candidate membrane proteins may reflect the response of HCC cells under high stiffness stimulation to metformin intervention, which deserve to be investigated in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, PR China
| | - Jiali Qian
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, PR China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, 131 Dong' an Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Heming Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
| | - Jiefeng Cui
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, 136 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.
| | - Yehong Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, 12 Middle Urumqi Road, Shanghai, 200040, PR China.
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Kotlyarov S, Kotlyarova A. Participation of Krüppel-like Factors in Atherogenesis. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030448. [PMID: 36984888 PMCID: PMC10052737 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an important problem in modern medicine, the keys to understanding many aspects of which are still not available to clinicians. Atherosclerosis develops as a result of a complex chain of events in which many cells of the vascular wall and peripheral blood flow are involved. Endothelial cells, which line the vascular wall in a monolayer, play an important role in vascular biology. A growing body of evidence strengthens the understanding of the multifaceted functions of endothelial cells, which not only organize the barrier between blood flow and tissues but also act as regulators of hemodynamics and play an important role in regulating the function of other cells in the vascular wall. Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) perform several biological functions in various cells of the vascular wall. The large family of KLFs in humans includes 18 members, among which KLF2 and KLF4 are at the crossroads between endothelial cell mechanobiology and immunometabolism, which play important roles in both the normal vascular wall and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
| | - Anna Kotlyarova
- Department of Pharmacy Management and Economics, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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Yazici SE, Gedik ME, Leblebici CB, Kosemehmetoglu K, Gunaydin G, Dogrul AB. Can endocan serve as a molecular "hepatostat" in liver regeneration? Mol Med 2023; 29:29. [PMID: 36849916 PMCID: PMC9972723 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00622-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intriguingly, liver regeneration after injury does not induce uncontrolled growth and the underlying mechanisms of such a "hepatostat" are still not clear. Endocan, a proteoglycan, was implicated in liver regeneration. It can support the function of hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor in tissue repair after injury. Endostatin, a 20 kDa C-terminal fragment of collagen XVIII, may modulate the cessation of liver regeneration. eEF2K, a protein kinase that regulates protein synthesis, can regulate angiogenesis. Thus, we investigated the role of endocan, endostatin and eEF2K during normal liver regeneration. METHODS Serum samples and regenerating remnant liver tissues were obtained on various days after partial hepatectomy in rats. mRNA expression levels of Vegf and Pcna were analyzed in addition to immunohistochemical evaluations. Liver tissue protein levels of endostatin, endocan and p-eEF2K/eEF2K were determined with Western blot. Serum levels of endostatin and endocan were assessed with ELISA. RESULTS Pcna expression level in residual liver tissues peaked on day-1, while Vegf expression reached its highest level on days 1-3 after partial hepatectomy (70%). Endocan activity declined gradually on days 1-7. The decrease in liver endocan expression was accompanied by an increase in serum endocan levels. Partial hepatectomy induced a rapid increase in liver endostatin levels. Following its surge on day-1, endostatin expression gradually declined, which was accompanied by a peak in serum endostatin. Finally, partial hepatectomy was shown to regulate eEF2K; thus, increasing protein translation. CONCLUSIONS We revealed possible mechanistic insights into liver regeneration by examining the associations of Pcna, Vegf, endocan, endostatin, eEF2K with hepatic regeneration after partial hepatectomy. Indeed, endocan might serve as a useful biomarker to monitor clinical prognosis in a plethora of conditions such as recovery of donor's remaining liver after living-donor liver transplant. Whether endocan might represent a strategy to optimize liver regeneration when given therapeutically needs to be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinan Efe Yazici
- Department of General Surgery, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Emre Gedik
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Can Berk Leblebici
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kemal Kosemehmetoglu
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gurcan Gunaydin
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Bulent Dogrul
- Department of General Surgery, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey.
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Paskeh MDA, Ghadyani F, Hashemi M, Abbaspour A, Zabolian A, Javanshir S, Razzazan M, Mirzaei S, Entezari M, Goharrizi MASB, Salimimoghadam S, Aref AR, Kalbasi A, Rajabi R, Rashidi M, Taheriazam A, Sethi G. Biological impact and therapeutic perspective of targeting PI3K/Akt signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma: Promises and Challenges. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106553. [PMID: 36400343 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer progression results from activation of various signaling networks. Among these, PI3K/Akt signaling contributes to proliferation, invasion, and inhibition of apoptosis. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer with high incidence rate, especially in regions with high prevalence of viral hepatitis infection. Autoimmune disorders, diabetes mellitus, obesity, alcohol consumption, and inflammation can also lead to initiation and development of HCC. The treatment of HCC depends on the identification of oncogenic factors that lead tumor cells to develop resistance to therapy. The present review article focuses on the role of PI3K/Akt signaling in HCC progression. Activation of PI3K/Akt signaling promotes glucose uptake, favors glycolysis and increases tumor cell proliferation. It inhibits both apoptosis and autophagy while promoting HCC cell survival. PI3K/Akt stimulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and increases matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP) expression during HCC metastasis. In addition to increasing colony formation capacity and facilitating the spread of tumor cells, PI3K/Akt signaling stimulates angiogenesis. Therefore, silencing PI3K/Akt signaling prevents aggressive HCC cell behavior. Activation of PI3K/Akt signaling can confer drug resistance, particularly to sorafenib, and decreases the radio-sensitivity of HCC cells. Anti-cancer agents, like phytochemicals and small molecules can suppress PI3K/Akt signaling by limiting HCC progression. Being upregulated in tumor tissues and clinical samples, PI3K/Akt can also be used as a biomarker to predict patients' response to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ghadyani
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Abbaspour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center,Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Resident of department of Orthopedics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Javanshir
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Razzazan
- Medical Student, Student Research Committee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Belfer Center for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Translational Sciences, Xsphera Biosciences Inc. 6, Tide Street, Boston, MA 02210, USA
| | - Alireza Kalbasi
- Department of Pharmacy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Romina Rajabi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
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Karami Fath M, Akhavan Masouleh R, Afifi N, Loghmani S, Tamimi P, Fazeli A, Mousavian SA, Falsafi MM, Barati G. PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway modulation by circular RNAs in breast cancer progression. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 241:154279. [PMID: 36584499 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is responsible for many cellular behaviors, including survival, growth, and proliferation. A newly identified RNA, circular RNA (circRNA), plays a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression. The upregulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway through dysregulated circRNAs promotes breast tumor initiation, growth, and progression. The dysregulation of PI3K/Akt-regulating circRNAs seems to be directly correlated with breast cancer clinical features, including overall survival, tumor size, cancer stage, and lymph node metastasis. In addition, targeting these circRNAs may be a promising option in cancer-targeted therapy. Understanding the molecular pathogenesis of the circRNA-PI3K/AKT axis may give the insight to develop new therapeutic and diagnostic approaches for breast cancer therapy. Here we reviewed the expression and functions of PI3K/AKT-regulating circRNAs, and their correlation with breast cancer clinical features. In addition, the potential of PI3K/AKT-regulating circRNAs as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Negin Afifi
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm Branch, Qeshm, Iran
| | - Shirin Loghmani
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Parham Tamimi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Fazeli
- Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Mousavian
- Pharmacy Department, EMU(Eastern Mediterranean University), Famagusta, North Cyprus, Republic of Cyprus
| | | | - Ghasem Barati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran; Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Wang S, Wang G, Wu W, Xu Z, Yang J, Cao M, Wang Q, Wang J, Yang C, Zhang W. Autophagy activation by dietary piceatannol enhances the efficacy of immunogenic chemotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:968686. [PMID: 35979349 PMCID: PMC9376326 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.968686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) promotes the immune antitumor response via releasing damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from dying tumor cells. The induction of autophagy improves the efficacy of multiple immunogenic chemotherapies. Here, we show that piceatannol, a dietary phenolic compound that is widely distributed in multiple fruits and vegetables such as grapes, blueberries, and mushrooms, induces autophagy and enhances oxaliplatin (OXA)-induced anticancer immune response. Specifically, piceatannol enhanced OXA-induced release of DAMPs, several key hallmarks of ICD including ATP release, cell surface exposure of calreticulin, and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) release. Mechanistically, piceatannol promoted autophagy via activating TFEB/TFE3, two key transcription factors of the autophagy-lysosome pathway, and inhibiting autophagy attenuated piceatannol plus OXA-induced ATP release. Furthermore, piceatannol induced endoplasmic reticulum stress, which is critical for its role in enhancing OXA-induced cell surface exposure of calreticulin, another key hallmark of ICD. Consistently, the combination of piceatannol with OXA promoted the anticancer effects in immunocompetent mice. Taken together, our results indicate the importance and great potential of dietary piceatannol in cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, piceatannol may be used as an ICD enhancer that improves the efficacy of chemotherapeutics such as OXA in cancer treatment with minimized toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangsuo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiqing Wu
- Department of Health Management, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenglei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhang, ; Chuanbin Yang, ; Jigang Wang, ; Qi Wang,
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhang, ; Chuanbin Yang, ; Jigang Wang, ; Qi Wang,
| | - Chuanbin Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhang, ; Chuanbin Yang, ; Jigang Wang, ; Qi Wang,
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Zhang, ; Chuanbin Yang, ; Jigang Wang, ; Qi Wang,
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Eukaryotic Extension Factor 2 Kinase may Affect the Occurrence and Development of Glioblastoma Through Immune Cell Infiltration. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:3670-3681. [PMID: 35849271 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03679-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most common malignancies among primary brain tumors in adults, featuring a poor prognosis and a high recurrence rate. Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K) is a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase that is involved in promoting tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and survival. However, its expression level in GBM, its prognostic impact and correlation with immune infiltration are not yet known. In this study, we used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database to explore the potential molecular mechanisms of eEF2K in GBM development and clinical prognosis in terms of gene expression, survival status, immune infiltration, and associated cellular pathways. We found that eEF2K expression levels were elevated in GBM, but eEF2K was not associated with the prognosis of GBM patients; eEF2K expression in GBM was associated with multiple immune cell infiltrations. These results show a statistical correlation between eEF2K expression and the development of GBM and immune cell infiltration, which helps us to understand the roles of eEF2K in GBM from different perspectives.
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12
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Effects of circFOXO3 on the Proliferation and Invasion of Liver Cancer Cells by Regulating PI3K/Akt Pathway. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:2109908. [PMID: 35909586 PMCID: PMC9303508 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2109908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective Hepatocellular carcinoma is a malignant disease occurring in the liver and is one of the main causes of death in cancer patients. Tumor cells are the main components of tumors and have a strong proliferative capacity. They are easily transferred to other parts of the body and can produce harmful substances that destroy the normal organ structure and endanger human life and health. In this study, we investigate the effect of circFOXO3 on the proliferation and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells and its possible mechanism. Methods Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells BEL-7404, Hep G2, Hep 3B2.1–7, HuH-7, Li-7, and human normal hepatocytes HHL-5 were selected, and the expression level of circFOXO3 in the cell lines was determined by qRT-PCR. The cell line with low circFOXO3 expression level (HuH-7 cells) was used for follow-up experiments. HuH-7 liver cancer cells were divided into the control group (normal cultured), circFOXO3-NC group (transfected with circFOXO3 negative control), circFOXO3 mimic group (transfected with circFOXO3 mimic), PI3K activator group (20 μmol/L PI3K activator 740Y-P), and circFOXO3 mimic + PI3K activator group (transfected with circFOXO3 mimic + treated with PI3K activator 740Y-P). The qRT-PCR method was used to determine the expression level of circFOXO3 in HuH-7 liver cancer cells in each group, WB was used to detect the expression of apoptosis, invasion, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) pathway related proteins in HuH-7 liver cancer cells in each group, the CCK-8 method was used to determine the viability of HuH-7 liver cancer cells in each group, flow cytometry was used to determine the apoptotic ability of HuH-7 liver cancer cells in each group, the transwell chamber experiment was used to determine the invasion ability of HuH-7 liver cancer cells in each group, and the scratch test was used to determine the migration ability of HuH-7 liver cancer cells in each group. Results circFOXO3 showed low expression in liver cancer cells; compared with the control group, the circFOXO3 expression and apoptosis rate of HuH-7 liver cancer cells in the circFOXO3 mimic group were significantly increased (P < 0.05) and the PI3K/Akt pathway-related protein expression, cell viability, invasion, and migration abilities were significantly reduced (P < 0.05); the apoptosis rate of HuH-7 liver cancer cells in the PI3K activator group was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) and the PI3K/Akt pathway related protein expression, cell viability, invasion and migration abilities were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the circFOXO3 mimic group, the apoptosis rate of HuH-7 liver cancer cells in the circFOXO3 mimic + PI3K activator group was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) and the PI3K/Akt pathway-related protein expression, cell viability, invasion and migration abilities were significantly increased (P < 0.05). Conclusion Highly expressed circFOXO3 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of HuH-7 liver cancer cells, which may be achieved by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Liu Z, Jiang A, Wang Y, Xu P, Zhang Q, Wang Y, He S, Wang N, Jin H, Zhang B. In silico, synthesis and anticancer evaluation of benzamide tryptamine derivatives as novel eEF2K inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 67:128759. [PMID: 35483594 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K), a member of the atypical α-kinase family, is highly expressed in a variety of tumor tissues. Inhibition of eEF2K function can effectively kill cancer cells without affecting the function of normal cells. Therefore, eEF2K is a promising new target for cancer therapy. In this study, a series of benzamide tryptamine derivatives were designed and synthesized as novel eEF2K inhibitors. The druggability properties of the synthesized compounds were predicted in silico and performed well. The MTT assay indicated that most of these compounds displayed good antiproliferative activity against human leukemia CCRF-CEM and K562 cell lines. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) revealed that substituents with different electronic effects on the C5 position of indole ring or C2', C4' positions of benzene ring have a great influence on the anti-proliferative activity. Among them, 5j demonstrated the highest anti-proliferative activity with IC50 value of 1.63-3.54 μM. this compound displayed an effective eEF2K inhibition by down-regulated the level of phosphorylated eEF2 in CCRF-CEM cells. Additionally, the western blot analysis further revealed that 5j also significantly affected eEF2K-related signaling pathways. Anticancer mechanism studies have shown that 5j arrested the cell cycle in G0/G1 and induced CCRF-CEM cells apoptosis. Furthermore, 5j activated cleaved caspase-9, 8, 3 and cleaved PARP in a time-dependent manner, which suggesting that 5j induced cancer cells apoptosis through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. In summary, benzamide tryptamine derivative 5j represents a novel and promising lead structure for the development of eEF2K inhibitors in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zedong Liu
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, Zhejiang, China
| | - Aili Jiang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pei Xu
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiting Zhang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinda Wang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shan He
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, Zhejiang, China; Ningbo Institute of Marine Medicine, Peking University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315800, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Haixiao Jin
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Department of Marine Pharmacy, College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315800, Zhejiang, China.
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Erdogan F, Radu TB, Orlova A, Qadree AK, de Araujo ED, Israelian J, Valent P, Mustjoki SM, Herling M, Moriggl R, Gunning PT. JAK-STAT core cancer pathway: An integrative cancer interactome analysis. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:2049-2062. [PMID: 35229974 PMCID: PMC8980946 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Through a comprehensive review and in silico analysis of reported data on STAT-linked diseases, we analysed the communication pathways and interactome of the seven STATs in major cancer categories and proposed rational targeting approaches for therapeutic intervention to disrupt critical pathways and addictions to hyperactive JAK/STAT in neoplastic states. Although all STATs follow a similar molecular activation pathway, STAT1, STAT2, STAT4 and STAT6 exert specific biological profiles associated with a more restricted pattern of activation by cytokines. STAT3 and STAT5A as well as STAT5B have pleiotropic roles in the body and can act as critical oncogenes that promote many processes involved in cancer development. STAT1, STAT3 and STAT5 also possess tumour suppressive action in certain mutational and cancer type context. Here, we demonstrated member-specific STAT activity in major cancer types. Through systems biology approaches, we found surprising roles for EGFR family members, sex steroid hormone receptor ESR1 interplay with oncogenic STAT function and proposed new drug targeting approaches of oncogenic STAT pathway addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fettah Erdogan
- Department of Chemical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaOntarioCanada
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Tudor Bogdan Radu
- Department of Chemical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaOntarioCanada
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Anna Orlova
- Institute of Animal Breeding and GeneticsUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
| | - Abdul Khawazak Qadree
- Department of Chemical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaOntarioCanada
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Elvin Dominic de Araujo
- Department of Chemical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaOntarioCanada
| | - Johan Israelian
- Department of Chemical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaOntarioCanada
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Peter Valent
- Division of Hematology and HemostaseologyDepartment of Internal Medicine IMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and OncologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Satu M. Mustjoki
- Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Clinical Chemistry and HematologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Hematology Research UnitHelsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer CenterHelsinkiFinland
- iCAN Digital Precision Cancer Medicine FlagshipHelsinkiFinland
| | - Marco Herling
- Department of Hematology, Cellular Therapy, and HemostaseologyUniversity of LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and GeneticsUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
| | - Patrick Thomas Gunning
- Department of Chemical and Physical SciencesUniversity of Toronto MississaugaMississaugaOntarioCanada
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
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15
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Chen X, Wang K, Jiang S, Sun H, Che X, Zhang M, He J, Wen Y, Liao M, Li X, Zhou X, Song J, Ren X, Yi W, Yang J, Chen X, Yin M, Cheng Y. eEF2K promotes PD-L1 stabilization through inactivating GSK3β in melanoma. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2021-004026. [PMID: 35347072 PMCID: PMC8961175 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) targeting programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)/programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) pathway has become an attractive strategy for cancer treatment; however, unsatisfactory efficacy has limited its clinical benefits. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of the regulation of PD-L1 expression is essential for developing more effective cancer immunotherapy. Recent studies have revealed the important roles of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K) in promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, tumor cell migration and invasion; nevertheless, the exact role of eEF2K in the regulation of tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) remains largely unknown. Methods In this study, we used a cohort of 38 patients with melanoma who received anti-PD-1 treatment to explore the association between eEF2K expression and immunotherapy efficacy against melanoma. Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry analysis and in vitro assays were used to examine the role and molecular mechanism of eEF2K in regulating PD-L1 expression. We also determined the effects of eEF2K on tumor growth and cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells in TIME in a mouse melanoma model. We further investigated the efficacy of the eEF2K inhibition in combination with anti-PD-1 treatment in vivo. Results High eEF2K expression is correlated with better therapeutic response and longer survival in patients with melanoma treated with PD-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb). Moreover, eEF2K protein expression is positively correlated with PD-L1 protein expression. Mechanistically, eEF2K directly bound to and inactivated glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) by phosphorylating it at serine 9 (S9), leading to PD-L1 protein stabilization and upregulation, and subsequently tumor immune evasion. Knockdown of eEF2K decreased PD-L1 expression and enhanced CD8+ T cell activity, thus dramatically attenuating murine B16F10 melanoma growth in vivo. Clinically, p-GSK3β/S9 expression is positively correlated with the expressions of eEF2K and PD-L1, and the response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Furthermore, eEF2K inhibitor, NH125 treatment or eEF2K knockdown enhanced the efficacy of PD-1 mAb therapy in a melanoma mouse model. Conclusions Our results suggest that eEF2K may serve as a biomarker for predicting therapeutic response and prognosis in patients receiving anti-PD-1 therapy, reveal a vital role of eEF2K in regulating TIME by controlling PD-L1 expression and provide a potential combination therapeutic strategy of eEF2K inhibition with ICB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xisha Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug, Changsha, China
| | - Kuansong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya hospital and Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shilong Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongyin Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuanling Che
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Minghui Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaying He
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Wen
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengting Liao
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiangling Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianxun Song
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, Texas, USA
| | - Xingcong Ren
- Department of Cancer Biology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Wenjun Yi
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinming Yang
- Department of Cancer Biology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug, Changsha, China
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16
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Chen D, Cai X, Ouyang H, Yuan S, Wang X, Lin L, Chen Z, Huang M. Increased eEF2K Promotes Glycolysis and Aggressive Behaviors of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:1729-1744. [PMID: 35300214 PMCID: PMC8922331 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s337620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Aggressive phenotype and abnormal glycolytic metabolism of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are essential to joint inflammation and damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K) is a negative regulator of protein synthesis and has been shown to play an important role in regulating various cellular processes and promoting glycolysis in tumor cells. However, the role of eEF2K in regulating the pathogenic FLS behaviors is unknown. Methods A specific inhibitor of eEF2K, NH125, and siRNA were used to evaluate the role of eEF2K on RA FLSs in vitro. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice were used to evaluate the in vivo effect of eEF2K. Cell migration, invasion of RA FLSs were assessed by transwell or wound healing assays. Relative changes of cytokines were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR, western blot and ELISA. Results Herein, we found an increased expression of eEF2K in synovial tissues and FLSs of RA patients. eEF2K knockdown by siRNA or treatment with NH125, an inhibitor of eEF2K, significantly reduced inflammation, migration/invasion, glucose uptake and lactate productions. eEF2K knockdown suppressed TNF-α-induced activation of NF-κB and AKT pathways in RA FLSs. Lactate reversed the inhibitory effect of eEF2K knockdown on inflammation and migration of RA FLSs. Moreover, lactate was also involved in eEF2K-mediated activation of NF-κB and AKT. NH125 treatment attenuated the severity of arthritis in collagen-induced arthritis mice. Conclusion eEF2K inhibition suppressed glycolysis and aggressive behaviors of RA FLS, which indicated that targeting eEF2K may be a new strategy for the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongying Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Ouyang
- Department of Digestive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, ShenZhen, Guandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Yuan
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lian Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, ShenZhen, Guandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, ShenZhen, Guandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingcheng Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, ShenZhen, Guandong, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Mingcheng Huang, Department of Nephrology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, ShenZhen, Guandong, People’s Republic of China, Email
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17
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Deng G, Zeng F, He Y, Meng Y, Sun H, Su J, Zhao S, Cheng Y, Chen X, Yin M. EEF2K silencing inhibits tumour progression through repressing SPP1 and synergises with BET inhibitors in melanoma. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e722. [PMID: 35184394 PMCID: PMC8858631 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guangtong Deng
- Department of Dermatology Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Furong Zeng
- Department of Dermatology Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
- Department of Oncology Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Dermatology Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Yu Meng
- Department of Dermatology Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Huiyan Sun
- Department of Dermatology Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy The Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Department of Dermatology Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha Hunan China
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Feng XY, Chen BC, Li JC, Li JM, Li HM, Chen XQ, Liu D, Li RT. Gansui-Banxia Decoction extraction inhibits MDSCs accumulation via AKT /STAT3/ERK signaling pathways to regulate antitumor immunity in C57bl/6 mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153779. [PMID: 34638030 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gansui-Banxia Decoction (GSBXD) is a classic formula of traditional Chinese medical (TCM) sage Zhang Zhongjing to treat stagnation of evil heat and obstruction of qi. At present GSBXD is wildly used to treat cancerous ascites, pleural effusion, peritoneal effusion, pericardial effusion, cranial cavity effusion and several types of cancers, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and esophageal cancer. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a kind of immature and heterogeneous cells which can suppress lymphocytes activation by forming a suppressive environment. MDSCs accumulation in peripheral blood and tumors are closely related to the cancer stage and low survival rate of clinical patients. The antitumor immune effect of GSBXD has not received widespread attention. PURPOSE To investigate the effects of GSBXD on MDSCs accumulation and the mediators including AKT/STAT3/ERK signaling pathways. METHODS The chemical components of GSBXD were analyzed by UHPLC-MS, and the putative pathways of GSBXD based on Network pharmacology were predicted. Mice were vaccinated with Hepatoma 22 (H22) to establish tumor growth model, which were then administrated with GSBXD ethanol extraction (0.49 mg/kg/day, 1.75 mg/kg/day), sorafenib (60 mg/kg) or saline for 14 days. The cell morphology was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and immunity cells were determined through flowcytometry analysis. The levels of cytokines production in blood were evaluated by using ELISA kits. STAT3, ERK and AKT/mTOR signaling transduction associated proteins were determined by Western blot. RESULTS GSBXD could inhibit tumor growth and splenomegaly in H22 tumor model mice. Importantly, GSBXD reduced MDSCs accumulation and differentiation, and inhibited proliferation of F4/80+ CD11b+ macrophages and apoptosis of T cells and B cells, and increased the percentage of CD 3- NK1.1+ NK cells. To better understand the active component of GSBXD, the ethanol-extraction powdered GSBXD was prepared and analyzed by UHPLC-MS. Combined with these main chemical compounds, we predicted that the anti-tumor effect of GSBXD mainly mediated PI3K-AKT and RAS-MAPK signal pathways based on Network Pharmacology. Western blot analysis of tumor tissues and MDSCs cells demonstrated that phosphorylation of AKT, ERK and STAT3 were significantly reduced, specially the activation of ERK. The levels of IL-1β and IFN-γ were significantly decreased by ELISA analysis. CONCLUSION GSBXD exhibited antitumor immune activity by reducing the accumulation of MDSCs in vivo, which is possible via down-regulation of AKT/STAT3/ERK signaling pathway and suppression of IL-1β and IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Feng
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, PR China; Faculty of basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan, PR China
| | - Bi-Chun Chen
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Jian-Chun Li
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Jin-Mei Li
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Hong-Mei Li
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Xuan-Qin Chen
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, PR China.
| | - Rong-Tao Li
- Center for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, PR China.
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19
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Chilamakuri R, Rouse DC, Yu Y, Kabir AS, Muth A, Yang J, Lipton JM, Agarwal S. BX-795 inhibits neuroblastoma growth and enhances sensitivity towards chemotherapy. Transl Oncol 2021; 15:101272. [PMID: 34823094 PMCID: PMC8626612 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AKT overexpression correlates with poor prognosis in neuroblastoma patients. BX-795 inhibits PDK1 and abrogates the AKT signaling pathway activation. BX-795 demonstrates strong efficacy in neuroblastoma spheroid tumor model. Combination with BX-795 synergistically enhances doxorubicin antitumor activity. BX-795 synergistically sensitized ALK mutated neuroblastoma cell lines to crizotinib.
High-risk neuroblastoma (NB) represents a major clinical challenge in pediatric oncology due to relapse of metastatic, drug-resistant disease, and treatment-related toxicities. An analysis of 1235 primary NB patient dataset revealed significant increase in AKT1 and AKT2 gene expression with cancer stage progression. Additionally, Both AKT1 and AKT2 expression inversely correlate with poor overall survival of NB patients. AKT1 and AKT2 genes code for AKT that drive a major oncogenic cell signaling pathway known in many cancers, including NB. To inhibit AKT pathway, we repurposed an antiviral inhibitor BX-795 that inhibits PDK1, an upstream activator of AKT. BX-795 potently inhibits NB cell proliferation and colony growth in a dose-dependent manner. BX-795 significantly enhances apoptosis and blocks cell cycle progression at mitosis phase in NB. Additionally, BX-795 potently inhibits tumor formation and growth in a NB spheroid tumor model. We further tested dual therapeutic approaches by combining BX-795 with either doxorubicin or crizotinib and found synergistic and significant inhibition of NB growth, in contrast to either drug alone. Overall, our data demonstrate that BX-795 inhibits AKT pathway to inhibit NB growth, and combining BX-795 with current therapies is an effective and clinically tractable therapeutic approach for NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rameswari Chilamakuri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Danielle C Rouse
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yang Yu
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Abbas S Kabir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aaron Muth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffery M Lipton
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, New York, NY, USA
| | - Saurabh Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, New York, NY, USA.
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20
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Bracic Tomazic S, Schatz C, Haybaeck J. Translational Regulation in Hepatocellular Carcinogenesis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2021; 15:4359-4369. [PMID: 34703211 PMCID: PMC8523516 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s255582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is distributed unevenly worldwide. One of the major causes is hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus infection and the development and progression of liver cirrhosis. The carcinogenesis of HCC is among others regulated via the mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) signaling pathway and represents a possible method of targeted treatment. The aim of our article was to address the most recent clinical advances and findings of basic studies on the mTOR signaling pathway and the involved factors. Risk factors play a key role in dysregulation of the signaling pathway, where both mTORCs are upregulated and protein synthesis is altered. eIFs and, to a lesser extent, eEFs play an essential role in this process. Whether the factor will be upregulated or downregulated, among others, depends on hepatitis B/C virus infection. The amount of a particular factor in a patient sample lets us know whether HCC recurrence will occur, what is the likelihood of chemoresistance, and what outcome is predicted for patients with an increased value. Our analysis shows that in addition to mTOR, eIF3, eIF4, and eIF5 play an important role, as they can serve as biomarkers for non- and virus-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Bracic Tomazic
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Graz II, Graz, 8020, Austria.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, 2000, Slovenia
| | - Christoph Schatz
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Neuropathology and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria.,Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular BioMedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Graz, 8010, Austria
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21
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Jiang M, Qi L, Jin K, Li L, Wu Y, Song D, Gan J, Huang M, Li Y, Song C. eEF2K as a novel metastatic and prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer patients. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 225:153568. [PMID: 34352439 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K) has been reported to be a potential oncogenic factor in many human cancers, its usefulness as a clinical prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer has not been investigated. METHODS In this study, data about 540 patients with stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) were analyzed from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases to determine the expression of eEF2K. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blots, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were also performed to determine the clinical significance of eEF2K expression in 96 postoperative patients with gastric cancer. Among the 96 patients, 36 had low expression of eEF2K and 60 had high expression. RESULTS Analysis of the TCGA and GEO datasets revealed that eEF2K expression was significantly higher in the STAD tissue samples than in the non-tumorous gastric tissues. IHC, western blots, and RT-PCR confirmed these findings. The high expression level of eEF2K was found to be related to the presence of lymph node metastasis (p = 0.002). Moreover, multivariate analysis showed that eEF2K was an independent indicator of prognosis for overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06-2.79; p = 0.03) and disease-free survival (DFS) (HR = 1.66, 95% CI = 0.997-2.765; p = 0.052) in patients with surgically resected STAD. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings suggest that eEF2K is a clinical indicator of metastatic and prognostic significance for STAD survival and could serve as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping St, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
| | - Ling Qi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping St, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
| | - Kexin Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping St, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
| | - Lisha Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping St, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
| | - Yiming Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping St, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
| | - Dongfeng Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping St, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
| | - Junqing Gan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping St, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
| | - Mei Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping St, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
| | - Yanjing Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping St, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, PR China.
| | - Chengxin Song
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150081, China.
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22
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Ji F, Zhou M, Sun Z, Jiang Z, Zhu H, Xie Z, Ouyang X, Zhang L, Li L. Integrative proteomics reveals the role of E3 ubiquitin ligase SYVN1 in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:1007-1023. [PMID: 34196494 PMCID: PMC8504139 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor metastasis is a major factor for poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the relationship between ubiquitination and metastasis need to be studied more systematically. We analyzed the ubiquitinome of HCC in this study to have a more comprehensive insight into human HCC metastasis. Methods The protein ubiquitination levels in 15 HCC specimens with vascular invasion and 15 without vascular invasion were detected by ubiquitinome. Proteins with significantly different ubiquitination levels between HCCs with and without vascular invasion were used to predict E3 ubiquitin ligases associated with tumor metastasis. The topological network of protein substrates and corresponding E3 ubiquitin ligases was constructed to identify the key E3 ubiquitin ligase. Besides, the growth, migration and invasion ability of LM3 and HUH7 hepatoma cell lines with and without SYVN1 expression interference were measured by cell proliferation assay, subcutaneous tumor assay, umphal vein endothelium tube formation assay, transwell migration and invasion assays. Finally, the interacting proteins of SYVN1 were screened and verified by protein interaction omics, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation. Ubiquitin levels of related protein substrates in LM3 and HUH7 cells were compared in negative control, SYVN1 knockdown, and SYVN1 overexpression groups. Results In this study, our whole‐cell proteomic dataset and ubiquitinomic dataset contained approximately 5600 proteins and 12,000 ubiquitinated sites. We discovered increased ubiquitinated sites with shorter ubiquitin chains during the progression of HCC metastasis. In addition, proteomic and ubiquitinomic analyses revealed that high expression of E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase SYVN1 is related with tumor metastasis. Furthermore, we found that SYVN1 interacted with heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and impacted the ubiquitination of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (EEF2K). Conclusions The ubiquitination profiles of HCC with and without vascular invasion were significantly different. SYVN1 was the most important E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase responsible for this phenomenon, and it was related with tumor metastasis and growth. Therefore, SYVN1 might be a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyang Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Menghao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Zeyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Zhengyi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Huihui Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyang Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Lingjian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310003, P. R. China
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23
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Zhu S, Liao M, Tan H, Zhu L, Chen Y, He G, Liu B. Inhibiting Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 Kinase: An Update on Pharmacological Small-Molecule Compounds in Cancer. J Med Chem 2021; 64:8870-8883. [PMID: 34162208 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c02218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K), a member of the atypical protein kinase family of alpha-kinases, is well-known as a negative regulator of protein synthesis by phosphorylating eEF2. Notably, eEF2K functions as a key regulator of several cellular processes, leading to tumorigenesis. To date, some small-molecule compounds have been reported as potential eEF2K inhibitors in cancer drug discovery. However, an ideal targeted drug design still faces huge challenges. Alternatively, other design strategies, such as repurposed drugs, dual-target drugs, and drug combination strategies, provide insights into the improvement of cancer treatment. Here, we summarize the crucial eEF2K-modulating pathways in cancer, including AMPK, REDD1, and Src. Moreover, we discuss the inhibition of eEF2K with single-target inhibitors, repurposed drugs, dual-target inhibitors, drug combination strategies, and other emerging technologies for therapeutic purposes. Together, these inspiring findings provide insights into a promising strategy for inhibiting eEF2K with small-molecule compounds to improve potential cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiou Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Minru Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Huidan Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lingjuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Gu He
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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24
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Li H, Li M, Liu P, Wang K, Fang H, Yin J, Zhu D, Yang Q, Gao J, Ke Q, Yu H, Guo Y, Gao Y, Zhang C. A multifunctional substance P-conjugated chitosan hydrochloride hydrogel accelerates full-thickness wound healing by enhancing synchronized vascularization, extracellular matrix deposition, and nerve regeneration. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4199-4210. [PMID: 33989376 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00357g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Due to the native skin limitations and the complexity of reconstructive microsurgery, advanced biomaterials are urgently required to promote wound healing for severe skin defects caused by accidents and disasters. Accumulating evidence has supported that substance P (SP) has a potential effect on skin regeneration. However, SP application is seriously impeded by its poor stability and oxidative reactions occurring during production, transportation, and storage. An SP-conjugated chitosan hydrochloride hydrogel (CSCl-SP) fabricated in this study demonstrated an enhanced capacity to repair full-thickness skin defects. CSCl-SP provided a stable in vitro delivery system for SP. The dissolution of CSCl-SP promoted the proliferation, migration, and tube formation, as well as angiogenesis-related gene and protein expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. CSCI-SP also stimulated the proliferation, migration, and production of anabolic growth factor in human fibroblasts. Moreover, CSCl-SP significantly promoted the neurite outgrowth in Neuro-2A cells. In vivo, CSCl-SP dramatically strengthened the vascularization, extracellular matrix deposition and remodeling, and nerve regeneration, thereby promoting efficient recovery of the full-thickness skin defect. Thus, synchronized multifunction of the CSCl-SP hydrogel makes it a promising and smart material for intractable skin defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Mengna Li
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Kaiyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Haoyu Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Junhui Yin
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Daoyu Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Qianhao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China. and Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Qinfei Ke
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Hongping Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China. and The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yaping Guo
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Youshui Gao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
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25
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Wang J, Li T, Ma L, Liu G, Wang G, Kang J. NDRG2 inhibition facilitates angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:742-748. [PMID: 34013046 PMCID: PMC8114951 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an angiogenesis-dependent tumor, and angiogenesis plays pivotal roles in progression and hematogenous metastasis. Upregulating NDRG2 expression could inhibit endothelial cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. However, the development of angiogenesis is a complicated and dynamic process, and the specific mechanisms that NDRG2 influences its progression are largely unknown. Conditioned media (CM) was collected from HCC cells. Cell viability, migration assay, tube formation, and western blot were used to evaluate the effect of NDRG2 on angiogenesis in HCC cells. ELISA assay was used to measure the level of VEGFA in CM. CM from NDRG2 knockdown cells significantly promoted HUVECs proliferation, migration, and tube formation compared with control cells. The level of VEGFA in CM was increased by NDRG2 knockdown relative to the control group. The expression of VEGFA, HIF-1α, and p-Akt was significantly increased in NDRG2 knockdown cells. CM from NDRG2 knockdown cells with VEGFA antibody failed to induce HUVEC proliferation, migration, and tube formation. YC-1 significantly inhibited the level of VEGFA in CM from NDRG2 knockdown cells. YC-1 also inhibited the expression of VEGFA and HIF-1α. Therefore, NDRG2 inhibition promoted the angiogenesis of HCC via VEGFA and may be used to be an anti-angiogenesis target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlong Wang
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Department of Biliary Duct, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei province, China
| | - Tao Li
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Department of Biliary Duct, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei province, China
| | - Lifeng Ma
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Department of Biliary Duct, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei province, China
| | - Guochao Liu
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Department of Biliary Duct, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei province, China
| | - Guiying Wang
- General Surgical Department, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei province, China.,General Surgical Department, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei province, China
| | - Jiansheng Kang
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Department of Biliary Duct, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei province, China
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26
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eEF2K enhances expression of PD-L1 by promoting the translation of its mRNA. Biochem J 2021; 477:4367-4381. [PMID: 33094805 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging advances in cancer therapy have transformed the landscape towards cancer immunotherapy regimens. Recent discoveries have resulted in the development of clinical immune checkpoint inhibitors that are 'game-changers' for cancer immunotherapy. Here we show that eEF2K, an atypical protein kinase that negatively modulates the elongation stage of protein synthesis, promotes the synthesis of PD-L1, an immune checkpoint protein which helps cancer cells to escape from immunosurveillance. Ablation of eEF2K in prostate and lung cancer cells markedly reduced the expression levels of the PD-L1 protein. We show that eEF2K promotes the association of PD-L1 mRNAs with translationally active polyribosomes and that translation of the PD-L1 mRNA is regulated by a uORF (upstream open reading-frame) within its 5'-UTR (5'-untranslated region) which starts with a non-canonical CUG as the initiation codon. This inhibitory effect is attenuated by eEF2K thereby allowing higher levels of translation of the PD-L1 coding region and enhanced expression of the PD-L1 protein. Moreover, eEF2K-depleted cancer cells are more vulnerable to immune attack by natural killer cells. Therefore, control of translation elongation can modulate the translation of this specific mRNA, one which contains an uORF that starts with CUG, and perhaps others that contain a similar feature. Taken together, our data reveal that eEF2K regulates PD-L1 expression at the level of the translation of its mRNA by virtue of a uORF in its 5'-region. This, and other roles of eEF2K in cancer cell biology (e.g. in cell survival and migration), may be exploited for the design of future therapeutic strategies.
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Progress in the Development of Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 Kinase (eEF2K) Natural Product and Synthetic Small Molecule Inhibitors for Cancer Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052408. [PMID: 33673713 PMCID: PMC7957638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K or Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, CAMKIII) is a new member of an atypical α-kinase family different from conventional protein kinases that is now considered as a potential target for the treatment of cancer. This protein regulates the phosphorylation of eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) to restrain activity and inhibit the elongation stage of protein synthesis. Mounting evidence shows that eEF2K regulates the cell cycle, autophagy, apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis in several types of cancers. The expression of eEF2K promotes survival of cancer cells, and the level of this protein is increased in many cancer cells to adapt them to the microenvironment conditions including hypoxia, nutrient depletion, and acidosis. The physiological function of eEF2K and its role in the development and progression of cancer are here reviewed in detail. In addition, a summary of progress for in vitro eEF2K inhibitors from anti-cancer drug discovery research in recent years, along with their structure-activity relationships (SARs) and synthetic routes or natural sources, is also described. Special attention is given to those inhibitors that have been already validated in vivo, with the overall aim to provide reference context for the further development of new first-in-class anti-cancer drugs that target eEF2K.
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GPR4 signaling is essential for the promotion of acid-mediated angiogenic capacity of endothelial progenitor cells by activating STAT3/VEGFA pathway in patients with coronary artery disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:149. [PMID: 33632325 PMCID: PMC7905863 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02221-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) are characterized by a decline in vascular regeneration, which is related to the dysfunction of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). G-protein-coupled receptor 4 (GPR4) is a proton-sensing G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that contributes to neovascularization in acidic microenvironments. However, the role of GPR4 in regulating the angiogenic capacity of EPCs from CAD patients in response to acidity generated in ischemic tissue remains completely unclear. METHODS The angiogenic capacity of EPCs collected from CAD patients and healthy subjects was evaluated in different pH environments. The GPR4 function of regulating EPC-mediated angiogenesis was analyzed both in vitro and in vivo. The downstream mechanisms were further investigated by genetic overexpression and inhibition. RESULTS Acidic environment prestimulation significantly enhanced the angiogenic capacity of EPCs from the non-CAD group both in vivo and in vitro, while the same treatment yielded the opposite result in the CAD group. Among the four canonical proton-sensing GPCRs, GPR4 displays the highest expression in EPCs. The expression of GRP4 was markedly lower in EPCs from CAD patients than in EPCs from non-CAD individuals independent of acid stimulation. The siRNA-mediated knockdown of GPR4 with subsequent decreased phosphorylation of STAT3 mimicked the impaired function of EPCs from CAD patients at pH 6.4 but not at pH 7.4. Elevating GPR4 expression restored the neovessel formation mediated by EPCs from CAD patients in an acidic environment by activating STAT3/VEGFA signaling. Moreover, the beneficial impact of GPR4 upregulation on EPC-mediated angiogenic capacity was abrogated by blockade of the STAT3/VEGFA signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our present study demonstrated for the first time that loss of GPR4 is responsible for the decline in proton sensing and angiogenic capacity of EPCs from CAD patients. Augmentation of GPR4 expression promotes the neovessel formation of EPCs by activating STAT3/VEGF signaling. This finding implicates GPR4 as a potential therapeutic target for CAD characterized by impaired neovascularization in ischemic tissues.
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Gao L, Yang X, Liang B, Jia Y, Tan S, Chen A, Cao P, Zhang Z, Zheng S, Sun L, Zhang F, Shao J. Autophagy-induced p62 accumulation is required for curcumol to regulate KLF5-mediated angiogenesis in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Toxicology 2021; 452:152707. [PMID: 33549628 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver pathological angiogenesis is considered to be one of the key events in the development of liver fibrosis. Autophagy is a defense and stress regulation mechanism. However, whether autophagy regulates pathological angiogenesis in liver fibrosis is still questionable. Here, we aimed to study how curcumol regulated liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) angiogenesis through autophagy. We found that curcumol (10, 20 and 40 μM) could inhibit the expression of angiogenesis markers in the LSECs. Importantly, we showed that curcumol might influence LSEC pathological angiogenesis by regulating autophagy level. Furthermore, we indicated that the transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) was considered as a key target for curcumol to regulate LSEC angiogenesis. Interestingly, we also suggested that autophagy was as a potential mechanism for curcumol to restrain KLF5 expression. Increased autophagy level could impair the suppression effect of curcumol on KLF5. Fascinatingly, our results indicated that curcumol inhibited autophagy and led to p62 accumulation, which might be a regulation mechanism of KLF5 degradation. Finally, in mice liver fibrosis model, we unanimously showed that curcumol (30 mg/kg) inhibited pathological angiogenesis by reducing LSEC autophagy level and suppressing KLF5 expression. Collectively, these results provided a deeper insight into the molecular mechanism of curcumol to inhibit LSEC pathological angiogenesis during liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Yang
- Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Baoyu Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Jia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shanzhong Tan
- Department of Integrated TCM and Western Medicine, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Anping Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St Louis, USA
| | - Peng Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zili Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lixia Sun
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jiangjuan Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Xie Z, Chen J, Wang C, Zhang J, Wu Y, Yan X. Current knowledge of Krüppel-like factor 5 and vascular remodeling: providing insights for therapeutic strategies. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:79-90. [PMID: 33493334 PMCID: PMC8104942 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjaa080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular remodeling is a pathological basis of various disorders. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the occurrence, prevention, and treatment of vascular remodeling. Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) has been identified as a significant factor in cardiovascular diseases during the last two decades. This review provides a mechanism network of function and regulation of KLF5 in vascular remodeling based on newly published data and gives a summary of its potential therapeutic applications. KLF5 modulates numerous biological processes, which play essential parts in the development of vascular remodeling, such as cell proliferation, phenotype switch, extracellular matrix deposition, inflammation, and angiogenesis by altering downstream genes and signaling pathways. Considering its essential functions, KLF5 could be developed as a potent therapeutic target in vascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Junye Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Chenyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jiahao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yanxiang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaowei Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Gao L, Yang X, Li Y, Wang Z, Wang S, Tan S, Chen A, Cao P, Shao J, Zhang Z, Zhang F, Zheng S. Curcumol inhibits KLF5-dependent angiogenesis by blocking the ROS/ERK signaling in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. Life Sci 2021; 264:118696. [PMID: 33157090 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Liver fibrosis is a difficult problem in the medical field. We previously reported that curcumol, a bioactive substance, may inhibit the pathological angiogenesis of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and play a good anti-hepatic fibrosis effect. However, the mechanism of curcumol inhibiting angiogenesis in LSEC needs to be further clarified. Here, we focus on how curcumol inhibits LSEC angiogenesis in liver fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary rat LSECs were cultured in vitro, and various molecular experiments including real-time PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, tube formation assay and transwell migration assay were used to clarify the potential mechanism of curcumol. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was applied to create a mouse liver fibrosis model. Blood and livers were taken to elucidate the efficacy of curcumol in vivo. KEY FINDINGS We found that curcumol could effectively inhibit LSEC angiogenesis in vitro. Interestingly, this process may depend on curcumol's inhibition of the expression of transcription factor KLF5. Mice experiment also showed that curcumol could alleviate chronic liver injury by reducing KLF5 expression. In addition, we suggested that curcumol could reduce the production of mitochondrial ROS and improve mitochondrial morphology in LSEC. More importantly, we proved that curcumol could suppress KLF5-mediated LSEC angiogenesis by inhibiting ROS/ERK signaling. SIGNIFICANCE We suggested that transcription factor KLF5 could be considered as a new target molecule of curcumol in improving liver fibrosis, and pointed out that curcumol targeted ROS/ERK-mediated KLF5 expression could inhibit LSEC angiogenesis. This provided a new theoretical basis for curcumol to ameliorate liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenyi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of TCM Formula, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shanzhong Tan
- Department of Integrated TCM and Western Medicine, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Anping Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Saint Louis University, St Louis, USA
| | - Peng Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangjuan Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zili Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shizhong Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Material of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Sinusoidal Endothelial Cell Progenitor Cells Promote Tumour Progression in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8819523. [PMID: 33312206 PMCID: PMC7719537 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8819523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective As sinusoidal endothelial cell progenitor cells (SEPCs) play a significant role in liver regeneration, it is necessary to elucidate whether SEPCs participate in tumour progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A total of 45 patients with primary HCC who underwent liver resection were included in this study. The liver tumours were removed from the patients, and partial tissues were prepared to identify SEPCs through double staining of CD133/CD45 and CD133/CD31 at the same location. Blood samples were collected to examine liver function parameters and tumour markers. The demographics and clinicopathological characteristics of the patients were collected for correlation analysis with SEPCs. Results SEPCs were observed in several blood vessels within the HCC nodules of all 45 patients, but no SEPCs were detected in the tumour-adjacent tissues. The number of SEPCs was correlated with the expression levels of HCC tumour markers α-fetoprotein (AFP) and CA199. There was a positive correlation between the expression of SEPC markers and diameter of HCC tumours in differently differentiated specimens (P < 0.01). The expression levels of SEPC markers were significantly higher in patients with poorly differentiated HCC than in patients with moderately and highly differentiated HCC (P < 0.05). Conclusions SEPCs are closely associated with HCC progression; therefore, SEPCs may be considered potential prognostic and metastatic biomarkers and therapeutic candidates for HCC.
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Dai H, Li M, Yang W, Sun X, Wang P, Wang X, Su J, Wang X, Hu X, Zhao M. Resveratrol inhibits the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via MARCH1-induced regulation of PTEN/AKT signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:11717-11731. [PMID: 32530437 PMCID: PMC7343503 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a common, naturally occurring polyphenol confirmed with inhibited the cellular effects of carcinogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism underlying resveratrol’s action against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unclear. In addition, MARCH1 promotes the initiation and progression of HCC, but it is unclear whether resveratrol exerts antitumor efforts by regulating MARCH1 expression. This study determined the molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of resveratrol in HCC. Resveratrol induced apoptosis and inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B). In addition, it inhibited MARCH1 and phospho–protein kinase B (p-AKT) expression but upregulated the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) dose-dependently both in vitro and in vivo. MARCH1 knockdown by small interfering RNA (siRNA) also increased PTEN expression. Meanwhile, MK2206 (an AKT inhibitor) and bisperoxovanadium (BPV; a PTEN inhibitor) combined with resveratrol decreased MARCH1 expression more than the single-treatment HCC group. These results suggested that resveratrol affects the biological characteristics of HCC via downregulation of MARCH1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanhan Dai
- Department of Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Minjing Li
- Department of Chinese medicine prescription, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiucui Sun
- Department of Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Peiyuan Wang
- Department of Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Su
- Department of Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xuemei Hu
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
| | - Mingdong Zhao
- Department of Imaging, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong, PR China
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Sun XH, Wang YT, Li GF, Zhang N, Fan L. Serum-derived three-circRNA signature as a diagnostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:226. [PMID: 32536814 PMCID: PMC7288432 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common tumor characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates. The importance of circRNA in cancer diagnosis has been established. The study aimed to identify differentially-expressed circRNAs (DECs) in human blood exosomes from patients with HCC and to investigate their diagnostic value. Methods The circRNA expression profiles of HCC and normal human blood samples were downloaded and processed from the exoRBase database. At the cutoff criteria of a fold change (FC) > 2.0 and P < 0.05, DECs were screened utilizing the limma package in the R software. A receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) was used to study its diagnostic value. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was performed to confirm the three-circRNAs expression in the blood samples with HCC. Various bioinformatics tools were used to characterize the potential biological pathways induced by circRNAs. Results Compared with the normal samples, seven up-regulated and five down-regulated circRNAs were determined in the HCC samples. ROC analyses demonstrated that hsa_circ_0004001, hsa_circ_0004123, hsa_circ_0075792, and a combination of the three biomarkers exhibited higher sensitivity and specificity. The qRT-PCR confirmed that the three circRNAs were upregulated in the blood samples with HCC. Chi squared tests implied that the expression of three circRNAs was positively correlated with the TNM stage and tumor size. The circRNAs participated in VEGF/VEGFR, PI3K/Akt, mTOR, and Wnt signaling pathways by targeting miRNAs. Conclusions The study established the existence of seven up-regulated and five down-regulated circRNAs in HCC. Additionally, hsa_circ_0004001, hsa_circ_0004123, hsa_circ_0075792, and a combination of the three were utilized as valuable diagnostic biomarkers in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hong Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Tong Wang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Fu Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Fan
- Department of Nursing, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Karakas D, Ozpolat B. Eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K) signaling in tumor and microenvironment as a novel molecular target. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:775-787. [PMID: 32377852 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01917-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K), an atypical member of alpha-kinase family, is highly overexpressed in breast, pancreatic, brain, and lung cancers, and associated with poor survival in patients. eEF2K promotes cell proliferation, survival, and aggressive tumor characteristics, leading to tumor growth and progression. While initial studies indicated that eEF2K acts as a negative regulator of protein synthesis by suppressing peptide elongation phase, later studies demonstrated that it has multiple functions and promotes cell cycle, angiogenesis, migration, and invasion as well as induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition through induction of integrin β1, SRC/FAK, PI3K/AKT, cyclin D1, VEGF, ZEB1, Snail, and MMP-2. Under stress conditions such as hypoxia and metabolic distress, eEF2K is activated by several signaling pathways and slows down protein synthesis and helping cells to save energy and survive. In vivo therapeutic targeting of eEF2K by genetic methods inhibits tumor growth in various tumor models, validating it as a potential molecular target. Recent studies suggest that eEF2K plays a role in tumor microenvironment cells by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and accumulation of tumor-associated macrophages. Due to its clinical significance and the pivotal role in tumorigenesis and progression, eEF2K is considered as an important therapeutic target in solid tumors. However, currently, there is no specific and potent inhibitor for translation into clinical studies. Here, we aim to systematically review current knowledge regarding eEF2K in tumor biology, microenvironment, and development of eEF2K targeted inhibitors and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Karakas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Kodama T, Okada M, Yamawaki H. Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase inhibitor, A484954 potentiates β-adrenergic receptor agonist-induced acute decrease in diastolic blood pressure in rats. J Vet Med Sci 2019; 81:1509-1514. [PMID: 31484844 PMCID: PMC6863711 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.19-0425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) kinase (eEF2K) acts to inhibit protein translation
through phosphorylating a specific substrate, eEF2. We previously found that the increased
eEF2K expression in mesenteric artery mediates hypertension development in spontaneously
hypertensive rats. More recently, we have revealed that a selective eEF2K inhibitor,
A484954 induced vasorelaxation via opening inward rectifier K+ channel and
activating β2-adrenergic receptor in smooth muscle of rat isolated mesenteric
artery, which contributes to prevent noradrenaline-induced acute increase in blood
pressure (BP). In this study, we further explored acute effects of A484954 on BP in rats,
especially focusing the action on β-adrenergic receptor. We also examined whether A484954
affects contraction and heart rate (HR) of isolated heart. BP and HR were measured by a
carotid cannulation method in rats. Isometric contraction and HR in rat isolated atria
were also measured pharmacologically. A484954 potentiated adrenaline-induced decrease in
diastolic BP (DBP) but not increase in systolic BP (SBP). A484954 potentiated
isoproterenol-induced decrease in DBP but not SBP. Contrastingly, A484954 prevented a
non-β-adrenergic receptor agonist, angiotensin II-induced increase in both SBP and DBP. In
isolated left atria, A484954 caused contraction, which was prevented by a β-adrenergic
receptor antagonist, propranolol. In isolated right atria, A484954 increased HR. In
conclusion, we for the first time demonstrated that A484954 potentiates β-adrenergic
receptor agonist-induced decrease in DBP possibly through vasorelaxation mediated via
activating β2-adrenergic receptor. It was also demonstrated that A484954 causes
contraction of rat isolated heart via activating β1-adrenergic receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Kodama
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Higashi 23 bancho 35-1, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Muneyoshi Okada
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Higashi 23 bancho 35-1, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yamawaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Higashi 23 bancho 35-1, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
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