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Hunt von Herbing I, Schroeder-Spain K. Hemoglobin Polymerization in Red Blood Cells of Marine Fishes: A Case of Adaptive Phenotypic Plasticity? THE BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 2019; 236:29-42. [PMID: 30707608 DOI: 10.1086/700832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the occurrence of the unusual phenomenon of hemoglobin polymerization in a 10-year survey of 47 species of fishes. Similar to human sickle cell disease, hemoglobin polymers in fish red blood cells can cause distortion or sickling under low oxygen and low pH. We sampled fish from three geographic areas, including the east and west coasts of the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. Fifteen species spanning five orders and nine families exhibited hemoglobin polymerization in vitro, with a majority in or related to Gadiformes, as well as species within Notocanthiformes, Perciformes, and Scorpianiformes. Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua, also showed the trait in vivo. Light and transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of hemoglobin polymers at the cellular level, but the morphology of hemoglobin polymers and rates of polymerization varied across species. Hemoglobin polymerization in red blood cells in vitro was pH dependent and reversible. For two species, G. morhua and Opsanus tau, >60% and >40% of all red blood cells contained hemoglobin polymers at pH 7.6, while 100% and 90% of red blood cells polymerized at pH 6.96, respectively. In both species, recovery of 60%-70% of red blood cells occurred within 45 minutes when pH increased from 6.96 to 7.99. From these results we conclude that hemoglobin polymerization is present in a broad range of fish taxa occupying wide biogeographical ranges and habitats and that it is oxygen and pH sensitive. The physiology and adaptive significance of hemoglobin polymerization in fishes remain unclear, but as oceans and coastal environments become more hypoxic and hypercapnic, this trait may have the potential to affect fish survival.
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van den Thillart G, Wilms I, Nieveen M, Weber RE, Witte F. Hypoxia-induced changes in hemoglobins of Lake Victoria cichlids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:jeb.177832. [PMID: 29997155 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.177832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study, broods of the Lake Victoria cichlid Haplochromis ishmaeli raised under hypoxic or normoxic conditions showed striking differences in isohemoglobin (isoHb) pattern that were not observed in two other cichlids that do not belong to the Lake Victoria species flock. We therefore hypothesized that the adaptive mechanism seen in H. ishmaeli in response to hypoxia constitutes a trait that the Lake Victoria species flock inherited from ancestors that lived in hypoxic environments. We tested this hypothesis by designing split-brood experiments with three other representative species from the same species flock: the insectivorous Haplochromis thereuterion, the mollusk-shelling Platytaeniodus degeni and the zooplanktivorous Haplochromis piceatus, while keeping H. ishmaeli as a reference. Split broods were raised, under either normoxia or hypoxia. All hypoxia-raised (HR) individuals of each of the four species exhibited a distinctly different isoHb pattern compared with their normoxia-raised (NR) siblings. The hemoglobin of HR H. thereuterion showed higher O2 affinity compared with NR siblings particularly in the presence of ATP and GTP, indicating that blood of HR juveniles has significantly improved O2-binding affinity under hypoxic conditions. We also tested the capacity to acclimate at greater age in two species by reversing the O2 condition after 7 (H. thereuterion) and 4 (H. ishmaeli) months. After reacclimation for 1 and 2 months, respectively, we found incomplete reversal with intermediate isoHb patterns. As three of the four species do not encounter hypoxic conditions in their environment, this unique trait seems to be a relic inherited from predecessors that lived in hypoxic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido van den Thillart
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Inger Wilms
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Nieveen
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roy E Weber
- Zoophysiology, Department of Biological Sciences, Aarhus University, C. F. Møllers Allé 1131, DK 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Frans Witte
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
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Cuypers B, Vermeylen S, Hammerschmid D, Trashin S, Rahemi V, Konijnenberg A, De Schutter A, Cheng CHC, Giordano D, Verde C, De Wael K, Sobott F, Dewilde S, Van Doorslaer S. Antarctic fish versus human cytoglobins - The same but yet so different. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 173:66-78. [PMID: 28501743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The cytoglobins of the Antarctic fish Chaenocephalus aceratus and Dissostichus mawsoni have many features in common with human cytoglobin. These cytoglobins are heme proteins in which the ferric and ferrous forms have a characteristic hexacoordination of the heme iron, i.e. axial ligation of two endogenous histidine residues, as confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance, resonance Raman and optical absorption spectroscopy. The combined spectroscopic analysis revealed only small variations in the heme-pocket structure, in line with the small variations observed for the redox potential. Nevertheless, some striking differences were also discovered. Resonance Raman spectroscopy showed that the stabilization of an exogenous heme ligand, such as CO, occurs differently in human cytoglobin in comparison with Antarctic fish cytoglobins. Furthermore, while it has been extensively reported that human cytoglobin is essentially monomeric and can form an intramolecular disulfide bridge that can influence the ligand binding kinetics, 3D modeling of the Antarctic fish cytoglobins indicates that the cysteine residues are too far apart to form such an intramolecular bridge. Moreover, gel filtration and mass spectrometry reveal the occurrence of non-covalent multimers (up to pentamers) in the Antarctic fish cytoglobins that are formed at low concentrations. Stabilization of these oligomers by disulfide-bridge formation is possible, but not essential. If intermolecular disulfide bridges are formed, they influence the heme-pocket structure, as is shown by EPR measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert Cuypers
- BIMEF Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stijn Vermeylen
- PPES Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dietmar Hammerschmid
- PPES Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium; BAMS Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stanislav Trashin
- AXES Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vanoushe Rahemi
- AXES Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Amy De Schutter
- BIMEF Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Daniela Giordano
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, CNR, Naples, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Cinzia Verde
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, CNR, Naples, Italy; Department of Biology, University Roma 3, Rome, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - Karolien De Wael
- AXES Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Frank Sobott
- BAMS Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sylvia Dewilde
- PPES Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
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Roghani K, Holtby RJ, Jahr JS. Effects of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers on blood coagulation. J Funct Biomater 2014; 5:288-95. [PMID: 25514567 PMCID: PMC4285408 DOI: 10.3390/jfb5040288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Revised: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For many decades, Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) have been central in the development of resuscitation agents that might provide oxygen delivery in addition to simple volume expansion. Since 80% of the world population lives in areas where fresh blood products are not available, the application of these new solutions may prove to be highly beneficial (Kim and Greenburg 2006). Many improvements have been made to earlier generation HBOCs, but various concerns still remain, including coagulopathy, nitric oxide scavenging, platelet interference and decreased calcium concentration secondary to volume expansion (Jahr et al. 2013). This review will summarize the current challenges faced in developing HBOCs that may be used clinically, in order to guide future research efforts in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Roghani
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, 757 Westwood Plaza, Suite 3325, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Randall J Holtby
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, 757 Westwood Plaza, Suite 3325, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Jonathan S Jahr
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, 757 Westwood Plaza, Suite 3325, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Koldkjær P, McDonald MD, Prior I, Berenbrink M. Pronounced in vivo hemoglobin polymerization in red blood cells of Gulf toadfish: a general role for hemoglobin aggregation in vertebrate hemoparasite defense? Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2013; 305:R1190-9. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00246.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two human hemoglobin (Hb) variants, Hb C and Hb S, are known to protect against Plasmodium falciparum malaria and have evolved repeatedly in malaria endemic areas. Both aggregate to insoluble crystals (Hb C) or polymers (Hb S) under certain physiological conditions, impair parasite growth, and may facilitate retention of infected red blood cells (RBCs) in the spleen. Given the profound effects of parasites on host evolution in general, and that RBC Hb concentration is often close to its solubility limit throughout vertebrates, similar mechanisms may operate in nonhuman vertebrates. Here we show exercise-induced, profound in vivo Hb polymerization in RBCs of the Gulf toadfish. Hb aggregation was closely associated with the extent of plasma acidosis, fully reversible, and without any signs of hemolysis or anemia. Our literature analysis suggests that aggregation prone Hbs may be relatively old, evolved multiple times in nonhuman vertebrates, show enhanced aggregation during hemoparasite infections, and can be uncovered in vivo by splenectomy. We discuss the working hypothesis that widespread Hb aggregation within several vertebrate groups may be the result of ongoing or past selection pressure against RBC parasites. Further comparative studies of these evolutionary old systems may provide valuable insights into hemoparasite susceptibility and reservoir potential of livestock and companion animals but also into human malaria and sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Danielle McDonald
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Ian Prior
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Translational Research, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; and
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