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Nichols NM, Ezzat B, Waters AC, Panov F, Yong RL, Germano IM. What is the cognitive footprint of insular glioma? Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1382380. [PMID: 38859993 PMCID: PMC11163043 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1382380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment has a profound deleterious impact on long-term outcomes of glioma surgery. The human insula, a deep cortical structure covered by the operculum, plays a role in a wide range of cognitive functions including interceptive thoughts and salience processing. Both low-grade (LGG) and high-grade gliomas (HGG) involve the insula, representing up to 25% of LGG and 10% of HGG. Surgical series from the past 30 years support the role of primary cytoreductive surgery for insular glioma patients; however, reported cognitive outcomes are often limited to speech and language function. The breath of recent neuroscience literature demonstrates that the insula plays a broader role in cognition including interoceptive thoughts and salience processing. This article summarizes the vast functional role of the healthy human insula highlighting how this knowledge can be leveraged to improve the care of patients with insular gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah M Nichols
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bahie Ezzat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- School of Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Allison C Waters
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Fedor Panov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Raymund L Yong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Isabelle M Germano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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Dimova V, Welte-Jzyk C, Kronfeld A, Korczynski O, Baier B, Koirala N, Steenken L, Kollmann B, Tüscher O, Brockmann MA, Birklein F, Muthuraman M. Brain connectivity networks underlying resting heart rate variability in acute ischemic stroke. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 41:103558. [PMID: 38142520 PMCID: PMC10788522 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Acute strokes can affect heart rate variability (HRV), the mechanisms how are not well understood. We included 42 acute stroke patients (2-7 days after ischemic stroke, mean age 66 years, 16 women). For analysis of HRV, 20 matched controls (mean age 60.7, 10 women) were recruited. HRV was assessed at rest, in a supine position and individual breathing rhythmus for 5 min. The coefficient of variation (VC), the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), the powers of low (LF, 0.04-0.14 Hz) and high (HF, 0.15-0.50 Hz) frequency bands were extracted. HRV parameters were z-transformed related to age- and sex-matched normal subjects. Z-values < -1 indicate reduced HRV. Acute stroke lesions were marked on diffusion-weighted images employing MRIcroN and co-registered to a T1-weighted structural volume-dataset. Using independent component analysis (ICA), stroke lesions were related to HRV. Subsequently, we used the ICA-derived lesion pattern as a seed and estimated the connectivity between these brain regions and seven common functional networks, which were obtained from 50 age-matched healthy subjects (mean age 68.9, 27 women). Especially, LF and VC were frequently reduced in patients. ICA revealed one covarying lesion pattern for LF and one similar for VC, predominantly affecting the right hemisphere. Activity in brain areas corresponding to these lesions mainly impact on limbic (r = 0.55 ± 0.08) and salience ventral attention networks (0.61 ± 0.10) in the group with reduced LF power (z-score < -1), but on control and default mode networks in the group with physiological LF power (z-score > -1). No different connectivity could be found for the respective VC groups. Our results suggest that HRV alteration after acute stroke might be due to affecting resting-state brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Dimova
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudia Welte-Jzyk
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andrea Kronfeld
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Korczynski
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bernhard Baier
- Edith-Stein Fachklinik for Neurorehabilitation, Bad Bergzabern, Germany
| | - Nabin Koirala
- Haskins Laboratories, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Livia Steenken
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bianca Kollmann
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR) gGmbH, Mainz, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oliver Tüscher
- Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research (LIR) gGmbH, Mainz, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Biology (IMB), Mainz, Germany
| | - Marc A Brockmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frank Birklein
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Muthuraman Muthuraman
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Neural Engineering with Signal Analytics and Artificial Intelligence, Department of Neurology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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3
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Hassa T, Zbytniewska-Mégret M, Salzmann C, Lambercy O, Gassert R, Liepert J, Schoenfeld MA. The locations of stroke lesions next to the posterior internal capsule may predict the recovery of the related proprioceptive deficits. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1248975. [PMID: 37854290 PMCID: PMC10579562 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1248975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Somatosensory deficits after stroke correlate with functional disabilities and impact everyday-life. In particular, the interaction of proprioception and motor dysfunctions affects the recovery. While corticospinal tract (CST) damage is linked to poor motor outcome, much less is known on proprioceptive recovery. Identifying a predictor for such a recovery could help to gain insights in the complex functional recovery processes thereby reshaping rehabilitation strategies. Methods 50 patients with subacute stroke were tested before and after neurological rehabilitation. Proprioceptive and motor impairments were quantified with three clinical assessments and four hand movement and proprioception measures using a robotic device. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) to median nerve stimulation and structural imaging data (MRI) were also collected. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) along with a region of interest (ROI) analysis were performed for the corticospinal tract (CST) and for cortical areas. Results Before rehabilitation, the VLSM revealed lesion correlates for all clinical and three robotic measures. The identified voxels were located in the white matter within or near the CST. These regions associated with proprioception were located posterior compared to those associated with motor performance. After rehabilitation the patients showed an improvement of all clinical and three robotic assessments. Improvement in the box and block test was associated with an area in anterior CST. Poor recovery of proprioception was correlated with a high lesion load in fibers towards primary sensorymotor cortex (S1 and M1 tract). Patients with loss of SSEP showed higher lesion loads in these tracts and somewhat poorer recovery of proprioception. The VSLM analysis for SSEP loss revealed a region within and dorsal of internal capsule next to the posterior part of CST, the posterior part of insula and the rolandic operculum. Conclusion Lesions dorsal to internal capsule next to the posterior CST were associated with proprioceptive deficits and may have predictive value. Higher lesion load was correlated with poorer restoration of proprioceptive function. Furthermore, patients with SSEP loss trended towards poor recovery of proprioception, the corresponding lesions were also located in the same location. These findings suggest that structural imaging of the internal capsule and CST could serve as a recovery predictor of proprioceptive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hassa
- Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation and Health Sciences, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center Kliniken Schmieder, Allensbach, Germany
| | - Monika Zbytniewska-Mégret
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Future Health Technologies, Singapore-ETH Centre, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christian Salzmann
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center Kliniken Schmieder, Allensbach, Germany
| | - Olivier Lambercy
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Future Health Technologies, Singapore-ETH Centre, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Roger Gassert
- Rehabilitation Engineering Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Future Health Technologies, Singapore-ETH Centre, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joachim Liepert
- Lurija Institute for Rehabilitation and Health Sciences, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center Kliniken Schmieder, Allensbach, Germany
| | - Mircea Ariel Schoenfeld
- Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center Kliniken Schmieder, Heidelberg, Germany
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Hu L, He H, Roberts N, Chen J, Yan G, Pu L, Song X, Luo C. Insular dysfunction of interoception in major depressive disorder: from the perspective of neuroimaging. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1273439. [PMID: 37840807 PMCID: PMC10568471 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1273439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Interoception plays a crucial role in maintaining bodily homeostasis and promoting survival, and is considered the basis of human emotion, cognition, and self-formation. A malfunction of interoception is increasingly suggested to be a fundamental component of different mental health conditions, and depressive disorders have been especially closely associated. Interoceptive signaling and processing depends on a system called the "interoceptive pathway," with the insula, located in the deep part of the lateral fissure, being the most important brain structure in this pathway. Neuroimaging studies have revealed alterations in the structure and function of the insula in a large number of individuals with depression, yet the precise relationship between these alterations and interoceptive dysfunction remains unclear. The goal of this review is to examine the evidence that exists for dysfunction of interoception in people with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and to determine the associated specific alterations in the structure and function of the insula revealed by neuroimaging. Overall, three aspects of the potential relationship between interoceptive dysfunction and alterations in insular function in people with depression have been assessed, namely clinical symptoms, quantitative measures of interoceptive function and ability, and interoceptive modulation. To conclude, several specific limitations of the published studies and important lines of enquiry for future research are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Hu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui He
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Neil Roberts
- Centre for Reproductive Health (CRH), School of Clinical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jiajia Chen
- The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Guojian Yan
- The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Pu
- The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Xufeng Song
- The Fourth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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5
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Peng M, Wu B, Wang X, Ding Y, Li Y, Cheng X. Clinical Factors Affecting the Recovery of Sensory Impairment After Cerebral Infarction: A Retrospective Study. Neurologist 2023; 28:117-122. [PMID: 35776691 DOI: 10.1097/nrl.0000000000000450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 75% of patients with cerebral infarction suffer from sensory impairment in varying degrees. It prolongs the time for patients to resume normal life and work. The aim of this study was to retrospectively investigate the clinical characteristics affecting the recovery of sensory impairment. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective case-control study. Data of inpatients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were investigated. We collected information on the patients with sensory disturbances after cerebral infarction. Cases were defined according to whether the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores improved. A total of 1078 inpatients from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2021, were screened. Among those, 187 cases included in this study were divided into no improvement and improvement groups. We compared the clinical characteristics affecting the rehabilitation of these patients. RESULTS The number of patients aged between 63 and 73 years in the no improvement group were significantly higher ( P <0.05). The incidence of coronary heart disease and thalamus infarction was significantly higher in patients in the no improvement cohort ( P <0.05). Furthermore, coronary heart disease [odds ratio=0.466, 95% confidence interval (0.252, 0.863), P =0.015] and thalamic infarction [odds ratio=0.457, 95% confidence interval (0.230, 0.908), P =0.025] were the independent risk factors against the recovery of sensory disturbance after cerebral infarction. CONCLUSIONS Patients with thalamus infarction and coronary heart disease may be more inclined to recover poorly from somatosensory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maohan Peng
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangqi Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Xuhui Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yi Ding
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yibing Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyue Cheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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6
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Uragami S, Osumi M. Cortical oscillatory changes during thermal grill illusion. Neuroreport 2023; 34:205-208. [PMID: 36719830 PMCID: PMC10516167 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The thermal grill illusion (TGI) can cause a burning pain sensation when the skin is subjected to simultaneously harmless hot and cold stimuli, and the pain is reported to be similar to central neuropathic pain. Although electroencephalography (EEG) is commonly used in pain research, no reports have revealed EEG activity during TGI. METHODS One healthy subject was enrolled, and EEG activity was recorded during the experience of the TGI and a warm sensation. Independent component analysis (ICA) was applied to preprocessed EEG data, which was divided into several clusters. RESULTS Theta and alpha bands in the insular cortex and parietal operculum clusters were significantly more desynchronized under the TGI condition than under the warm condition ( P < 0.05). Additionally, theta, alpha and beta bands in the frontal (middle and inferior frontal gyrus) cluster showed significantly more desynchronization under the TGI condition than under the warm condition ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSION EEG oscillations in these brain areas could be useful markers of central neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Uragami
- Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Kio University, Nara
- Japan Community Health care Organization Hoshigaoka Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
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7
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Klugah-Brown B, Wang P, Jiang Y, Becker B, Hu P, Uddin LQ, Biswal B. Structural-functional connectivity mapping of the insular cortex: a combined data-driven and meta-analytic topic mapping. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:1726-1738. [PMID: 35511500 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined structural and functional profiles of the insular cortex and mapped associations with well-described functional networks throughout the brain using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) data. We used a data-driven method to independently estimate the structural-functional connectivity of the insular cortex. Data were obtained from the Human Connectome Project comprising 108 adult participants. Overall, we observed moderate to high associations between the structural and functional mapping scores of 3 different insular subregions: the posterior insula (associated with the sensorimotor network: RSFC, DTI = 50% and 72%, respectively), dorsal anterior insula (associated with ventral attention: RSFC, DTI = 83% and 83%, respectively), and ventral anterior insula (associated with the frontoparietal: RSFC, DTI = 42% and 89%, respectively). Further analyses utilized meta-analytic decoding maps to demonstrate specific cognitive and affective as well as gene expression profiles of the 3 subregions reflecting the core properties of the insular cortex. In summary, given the central role of the insular in the human brain, our results revealing correspondence between DTI and RSFC mappings provide a complementary approach and insight for clinical researchers to identify dysfunctional brain organization in various neurological disorders associated with insular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Klugah-Brown
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, 611731 Chengdu, China
| | - Pan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, 611731 Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, 611731 Chengdu, China
| | - Benjamin Becker
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, 611731 Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, 611731 Chengdu, China
| | - Lucina Q Uddin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Dr Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Newark, NJ 07102, United States
| | - Bharat Biswal
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No. 2006, Xiyuan Ave, West Hi-Tech Zone, 611731 Chengdu, China.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
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8
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Zhang YH, Wang YC, Hu GW, Ding XQ, Shen XH, Yang H, Rong JF, Wang XQ. Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of pressure pain threshold assessment in stroke patients. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2022; 58:549-557. [PMID: 35362718 PMCID: PMC9980491 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.22.07378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As pain is a common symptom following a stroke, pressure pain threshold (PPT) assessment can be used to evaluate pain status or pain sensitivity of patients. However, the reliability of PPT test in stroke patients is still unknown. AIM To examine the intra- and inter-rater reliability of PPT measurements in poststroke survivors and explore their factors. DESIGN An observational study. SETTING The setting of the study is a rehabilitation hospital. POPULATION The population of the study was represented by a total of 54 patients after stroke. METHODS The study included 16 measured points on the affected and unaffected sides. PPT was assessed by two raters in turn. Intra- and inter-rater reliability was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). RESULTS All intra-rater (ICC=0.84-0.97) and inter-rater (ICC=0.83-0.95) reliability for PPT assessment were good or excellent in stroke patients. Of the 16 points, 12 showed higher intra-rater ICC values than inter-rater, whereas no evident difference was observed between the affected and unaffected sides. Furthermore, patients who were male, ischemic, or with higher motor function generally performed higher ICC values than those who were female (24 out of 32 results), hemorrhagic (28 out of 32 results), or mobility dysfunction (26 out of 32 results), respectively. CONCLUSIONS PPT assessment with good or excellent reliability can be used in stroke patients. Neither of the two sides (affected or unaffected) affects PPT reliability, and intra-rater reliability is better than inter-rater reliability. In addition, gender, stroke type, and motor function can affect the reliability of measuring mechanical pain threshold in poststroke survivors. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT The pressure algometer can be used as a reliable and portable tool to assess the mechanical pain tolerance and sensory function in stroke patients in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hui Zhang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Chen Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Gong-Wei Hu
- The Center of Rehabilitation Therapy, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Ding
- The Center of Rehabilitation Therapy, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Shen
- The Center of Rehabilitation Therapy, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Yang
- The Center of Rehabilitation Therapy, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Feng Rong
- The Center of Rehabilitation Therapy, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China - .,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopedic Hospital, Shanghai, China
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9
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Lv Q, Zhang J, Pan Y, Liu X, Miao L, Peng J, Song L, Zou Y, Chen X. Somatosensory Deficits After Stroke: Insights From MRI Studies. Front Neurol 2022; 13:891283. [PMID: 35911919 PMCID: PMC9328992 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.891283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatosensory deficits after stroke are a major health problem, which can impair patients' health status and quality of life. With the developments in human brain mapping techniques, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), many studies have applied those techniques to unravel neural substrates linked to apoplexy sequelae. Multi-parametric MRI is a vital method for the measurement of stroke and has been applied to diagnose stroke severity, predict outcome and visualize changes in activation patterns during stroke recovery. However, relatively little is known about the somatosensory deficits after stroke and their recovery. This review aims to highlight the utility and importance of MRI techniques in the field of somatosensory deficits and synthesizes corresponding articles to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the occurrence and recovery of somatosensory symptoms. Here, we start by reviewing the anatomic and functional features of the somatosensory system. And then, we provide a discussion of MRI techniques and analysis methods. Meanwhile, we present the application of those techniques and methods in clinical studies, focusing on recent research advances and the potential for clinical translation. Finally, we identify some limitations and open questions of current imaging studies that need to be addressed in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyi Lv
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junning Zhang
- Department of Integrative Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxing Pan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | | | - Jing Peng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Song
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yihuai Zou
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Dongzhimen Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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10
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Quabs J, Caspers S, Schöne C, Mohlberg H, Bludau S, Dickscheid T, Amunts K. Cytoarchitecture, probability maps and segregation of the human insula. Neuroimage 2022; 260:119453. [PMID: 35809885 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The human insular cortex supports multifunctional integration including interoceptive, sensorimotor, cognitive and social-emotional processing. Different concepts of the underlying microstructure have been proposed over more than a century. However, a 3D map of the cytoarchitectonic segregation of the insula in standard reference space, that could be directly linked to neuroimaging experiments addressing different cognitive tasks, is not yet available. Here we analyzed the middle posterior and dorsal anterior insula with image analysis and a statistical mapping procedure to delineate cytoarchitectonic areas in ten human postmortem brains. 3D-probability maps of seven new areas with granular (Ig3, posterior), agranular (Ia1, posterior) and dysgranular (Id2-Id6, middle to dorsal anterior) cytoarchitecture have been calculated to represent the new areas in stereotaxic space. A hierarchical cluster analysis based on cytoarchitecture resulted in three distinct clusters in the superior posterior, inferior posterior and dorsal anterior insula, providing deeper insights into the structural organization of the insula. The maps are openly available to support future studies addressing relations between structure and function in the human insula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Quabs
- C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Anatomy I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Germany.
| | - Svenja Caspers
- Institute for Anatomy I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Germany
| | - Claudia Schöne
- C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hartmut Mohlberg
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bludau
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Germany
| | - Timo Dickscheid
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Germany
| | - Katrin Amunts
- C. and O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Germany
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11
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Baron M, Devor M. Might pain be experienced in the brainstem rather than in the cerebral cortex? Behav Brain Res 2022; 427:113861. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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12
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Zhang YH, Wang YC, Hu GW, Ding XQ, Shen XH, Yang H, Rong JF, Wang XQ. The Effects of Gender, Functional Condition, and ADL on Pressure Pain Threshold in Stroke Patients. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:705516. [PMID: 34408626 PMCID: PMC8366776 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.705516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Somatosensory impairments and pain are common symptoms following stroke. However, the condition of perception and pain threshold for pressure stimuli and the factors that can influence this in individuals with stroke are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the gender differences in pressure pain threshold (PPT) and positive somatosensory signs for pressure stimuli, and explore the effects of joint pain, motor function, and activities of daily living (ADL) on pain threshold in post-stroke patients. Design A cross-sectional study. Methods A total of 60 participants with stroke were recruited, and their pain condition, motor functions, and ADL were evaluated by the Fugl-Meyer assessment of joint pain scale, motor function scale, and Barthel index, respectively. PPTs in eight tested points at the affected and unaffected sides were assessed. Results Significant differences in PPTs were found between male and female patients in all measured muscles (p < 0.05). Positive somatosensory signs for pressure stimuli, including hypoalgesia and hyperalgesia, were frequently found at the affected side, particularly in the extremity muscles, but such signs were not significantly influenced by gender (p > 0.05). More equal PPTs between both sides and relatively lower PPTs at the affected side in the trunk and medial gastrocnemius muscles (p < 0.05) were observed in patients with less pain, better motor functions, and ADL. Conclusion Gender differences widely exist in post-stroke survivors either at the affected or unaffected side, which are multifactorial. Sensory loss and central and/or peripheral sensitization, such as hypoalgesia and hyperalgesia for pressure stimuli, caused by a brain lesion are common signs in male and female stroke patients. Moreover, patients who are in a better condition show a more symmetrical pain sensitivity between both sides in the trunk and in female lower extremities, indicating the bidirectional improvement of somatosensory abnormalities caused by a possible neural plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hui Zhang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Chen Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Gong-Wei Hu
- The Center of Rehabilitation Therapy, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Ding
- The Center of Rehabilitation Therapy, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Shen
- The Center of Rehabilitation Therapy, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Yang
- The Center of Rehabilitation Therapy, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Feng Rong
- The Center of Rehabilitation Therapy, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Shangti Orthopaedic Hospital, Shanghai, China
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13
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Kessner SS, Schlemm E, Gerloff C, Thomalla G, Cheng B. Grey and white matter network disruption is associated with sensory deficits after stroke. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2021; 31:102698. [PMID: 34023668 PMCID: PMC8163991 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Somatosensory deficits occur in about 60% of patients after ischaemic stroke. Clinical and imaging data of 101 ischaemic stroke patients were analysed. Stroke lesions may disrupt grey (GM) and/or white matter (WM) network. Lesion volume explains 23% of sensory deficit variance; GM / WM disruption adds 14% Subnetwork of postcentral, supramarginal, transverse temporal gyri involved.
Somatosensory deficits after ischaemic stroke are common and can occur in patients with lesions in the anterior parietal cortex and subcortical nuclei. It is less clear to what extent damage to white matter tracts within the somatosensory system may contribute to somatosensory deficits after stroke. We compared the roles of cortical damage and disruption of subcortical white matter tracts as correlates of somatosensory deficit after ischaemic stroke. Clinical and imaging data were assessed in incident stroke patients. Somatosensory deficits were measured using a standardized somatosensory test. Remote effects were quantified by projecting the MRI-based segmented stroke lesions onto a predefined atlas of white matter connectivity. Direct ischaemic damage to grey matter was computed by lesion overlap with grey matter areas. The association between lesion impact scores and sensory deficit was assessed statistically. In 101 patients, median sensory score was 188/193 (97.4%). Lesion volume was associated with somatosensory deficit, explaining 23.3% of variance. Beyond this, the stroke-induced grey and white matter disruption within a subnetwork of the postcentral, supramarginal, and transverse temporal gyri explained an additional 14% of the somatosensory outcome variability. On mutual comparison, white matter network disruption was a stronger predictor than grey matter damage. Ischaemic damage to both grey and white matter are structural correlates of acute somatosensory disturbance after ischaemic stroke. Our data suggest that white matter integrity of a somatosensory network of primary and secondary cortex is a prerequisite for normal processing of somatosensory inputs and might be considered as an additional parameter for stroke outcome prediction in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon S Kessner
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Eckhard Schlemm
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Christian Gerloff
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Götz Thomalla
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bastian Cheng
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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14
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Kirsch LP, Besharati S, Papadaki C, Crucianelli L, Bertagnoli S, Ward N, Moro V, Jenkinson PM, Fotopoulou A. Damage to the right insula disrupts the perception of affective touch. eLife 2020; 9:e47895. [PMID: 31975686 PMCID: PMC7043887 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific, peripheral C-tactile afferents contribute to the perception of tactile pleasure, but the brain areas involved in their processing remain debated. We report the first human lesion study on the perception of C-tactile touch in right hemisphere stroke patients (N = 59), revealing that right posterior and anterior insula lesions reduce tactile, contralateral and ipsilateral pleasantness sensitivity, respectively. These findings corroborate previous imaging studies regarding the role of the posterior insula in the perception of affective touch. However, our findings about the crucial role of the anterior insula for ipsilateral affective touch perception open new avenues of enquiry regarding the cortical organization of this tactile system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise P Kirsch
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique, Sorbonne UniversitéParisFrance
| | - Sahba Besharati
- Department of Psychology, University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Christina Papadaki
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Laura Crucianelli
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Sara Bertagnoli
- NPSY.Lab-VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Nick Ward
- Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, UCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Valentina Moro
- NPSY.Lab-VR, Department of Human Sciences, University of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Paul M Jenkinson
- Department of Psychology, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of HertfordshireHatfieldUnited Kingdom
| | - Aikaterini Fotopoulou
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
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15
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Kessner SS, Schlemm E, Cheng B, Bingel U, Fiehler J, Gerloff C, Thomalla G. Somatosensory Deficits After Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2020; 50:1116-1123. [PMID: 30943883 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.023750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose- About 50% to 80% of stroke survivors present with somatosensory deficits. Somatosensory deficits because of an ischemic stroke are determined by the infarct location. However, a detailed understanding of the long-term effect of lesions on somatosensory performance is lacking. Methods- This prospective observational study enrolled 101 ischemic stroke patients. For voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping, magnetic resonance imaging fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging infarct lesions were segmented within 5 days after stroke. Standardized tests such as the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and the Rivermead Assessment of Somatosensory Performance were performed during acute stage, after 3 and 12 months. This included bilateral testing for multiple tactile and proprioceptive somatosensory modalities (pressure, light touch, sharp-dull discrimination, temperature discrimination, sensory extinction, 2-point discrimination, and joint position and movement sense). We further study the association of acute somatosensory deficit with functional outcome 12 months after stroke assessed by the modified Rankin Scale using univariate and multiple linear regression analysis also including acute motor deficit assessed by the arm research action test. Results- Sixty patients (59.4%) showed impairment in at least one somatosensory modality. Light touch was most frequently affected (38.7%), whereas temperature was least frequently affected (21.8%). After 3 months, significant recovery was observed in all somatosensory modalities, with only minor additional improvements after 12 months. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping revealed significant associations of lesions in the primary and secondary somatosensory and insular cortex with somatosensory deficits. Acute somatosensory deficit was associated with functional outcome at 12 months. However, including the acute motor deficit, somatosensory deficit was no longer an independent predictor of functional outcome. Conclusions- Our study confirms that somatosensory deficits are frequent in acute ischemic stroke but largely recover over time. Infarct lesions in the primary and secondary somatosensory cortex and insula show a robust association with somatosensory impairment. Long-term disability is influenced by somatosensory deficits but driven by motor symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon S Kessner
- From the Department of Neurology (S.S.K., E.S., B.C., C.G., G.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Eckhard Schlemm
- From the Department of Neurology (S.S.K., E.S., B.C., C.G., G.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Bastian Cheng
- From the Department of Neurology (S.S.K., E.S., B.C., C.G., G.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Ulrike Bingel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany (U.B.)
| | - Jens Fiehler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.F.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Christian Gerloff
- From the Department of Neurology (S.S.K., E.S., B.C., C.G., G.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Götz Thomalla
- From the Department of Neurology (S.S.K., E.S., B.C., C.G., G.T.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
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16
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Lee IS, Necka EA, Atlas LY. Distinguishing pain from nociception, salience, and arousal: How autonomic nervous system activity can improve neuroimaging tests of specificity. Neuroimage 2020; 204:116254. [PMID: 31604122 PMCID: PMC6911655 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain is a subjective, multidimensional experience that is distinct from nociception. A large body of work has focused on whether pain processing is supported by specific, dedicated brain circuits. Despite advances in human neuroscience and neuroimaging analysis, dissociating acute pain from other sensations has been challenging since both pain and non-pain stimuli evoke salience and arousal responses throughout the body and in overlapping brain circuits. In this review, we discuss these challenges and propose that brain-body interactions in pain can be leveraged in order to improve tests for pain specificity. We review brain and bodily responses to pain and nociception and extant efforts toward identifying pain-specific brain networks. We propose that autonomic nervous system activity should be used as a surrogate measure of salience and arousal to improve these efforts and enable researchers to parse out pain-specific responses in the brain, and demonstrate the feasibility of this approach using example fMRI data from a thermal pain paradigm. This new approach will improve the accuracy and specificity of functional neuroimaging analyses and help to overcome current difficulties in assessing pain specific responses in the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Seon Lee
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Necka
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lauren Y Atlas
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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17
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18
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Mouraux A, Iannetti GD. The search for pain biomarkers in the human brain. Brain 2019; 141:3290-3307. [PMID: 30462175 PMCID: PMC6262221 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive functional brain imaging is used more than ever to investigate pain in health and disease, with the prospect of finding new means to alleviate pain and improve patient wellbeing. The observation that several brain areas are activated by transient painful stimuli, and that the magnitude of this activity is often graded with pain intensity, has prompted researchers to extract features of brain activity that could serve as biomarkers to measure pain objectively. However, most of the brain responses observed when pain is present can also be observed when pain is absent. For example, similar brain responses can be elicited by salient but non-painful auditory, tactile and visual stimuli, and such responses can even be recorded in patients with congenital analgesia. Thus, as argued in this review, there is still disagreement on the degree to which current measures of brain activity exactly relate to pain. Furthermore, whether more recent analysis techniques can be used to identify distributed patterns of brain activity specific for pain can be only warranted using carefully designed control conditions. On a more general level, the clinical utility of current pain biomarkers derived from human functional neuroimaging appears to be overstated, and evidence for their efficacy in real-life clinical conditions is scarce. Rather than searching for biomarkers of pain perception, several researchers are developing biomarkers to achieve mechanism-based stratification of pain conditions, predict response to medication and offer personalized treatments. Initial results with promising clinical perspectives need to be further tested for replicability and generalizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Mouraux
- Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gian Domenico Iannetti
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK.,Neuroscience and Behaviour Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
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19
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Liberati G, Algoet M, Santos SF, Ribeiro-Vaz JG, Raftopoulos C, Mouraux A. Tonic thermonociceptive stimulation selectively modulates ongoing neural oscillations in the human posterior insula: Evidence from intracerebral EEG. Neuroimage 2018; 188:70-83. [PMID: 30529399 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The human insula is an important target for spinothalamic input, but there is still no consensus on its role in pain perception and nociception. In this study, we show that the human insula exhibits activity preferential for sustained thermonociception. Using intracerebral EEG recorded from the insula of 8 patients (2 females) undergoing a presurgical evaluation of focal epilepsy (53 contacts: 27 anterior, 26 posterior), we "frequency-tagged" the insular activity elicited by sustained thermonociceptive and vibrotactile stimuli, by periodically modulating stimulation intensity at a fixed frequency of 0.2 Hz during 75 s. Both types of stimuli elicited an insular response at the frequency of stimulation (0.2 Hz) and its harmonics, whose magnitude was significantly greater in the posterior insula compared to the anterior insula. Compared to vibrotactile stimulation, thermonociceptive stimulation exerted a markedly greater 0.2 Hz modulation of ongoing theta-band (4-8 Hz) and alpha-band (8-12 Hz) oscillations. These modulations were also more prominent in the posterior insula compared to the anterior insula. The identification of oscillatory activities preferential for thermonociception could lead to new insights into the physiological mechanisms of nociception and pain perception in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Liberati
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Maxime Algoet
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - André Mouraux
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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20
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Zhang PA, Zhu HY, Xu QY, Du WJ, Hu S, Xu GY. Sensitization of P2X3 receptors in insular cortex contributes to visceral pain of adult rats with neonatal maternal deprivation. Mol Pain 2018; 14:1744806918764731. [PMID: 29560791 PMCID: PMC5865518 DOI: 10.1177/1744806918764731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Insular cortex is a brain region critical for processing of the sensation. Purinergic receptors are involved in the formation of chronic pain. The aim of the present study was to explore the role and mechanism of P2X3 receptors (P2X3Rs) in insular cortex in chronic visceral pain. Methods Chronic visceral pain in adult rats was induced by neonatal maternal deprivation and measured by detecting the threshold of colorectal distension. Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction techniques were used to detect the expression and distribution of P2X3Rs. Synaptic transmission in insular cortex was recorded in brain slices by patch clamp techniques. Results Expression of P2X3Rs both at mRNA and protein levels in right hemisphere of insular cortex was significantly increased in neonatal maternal deprivation rats. In addition, P2X3Rs were expressed with NeuN or synaptophysin but not with glial fibrillary acidic protein and CD11b. The co-localization of P2X3Rs with NeuN or synaptophysin was greatly enhanced in right hemisphere of insular cortex in neonatal maternal deprivation rats. Furthermore, neonatal maternal deprivation markedly increased both the frequency and amplitude of miniature excitatory postsynaptic current in right hemisphere of insular cortex. Incubation of A347091 significantly decreased the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current and miniature excitatory postsynaptic current of insular cortex neurons of neonatal maternal deprivation rats. Incubation of P2X3Rs agonists α,β-mATP remarkably increased the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current and miniature excitatory postsynaptic current of the right hemisphere of insular cortex neurons of healthy control rats. Importantly, injection of A317491 significantly enhanced the colorectal distension threshold of neonatal maternal deprivation rats, while injection of α,β-mATP into right but not left insular cortex markedly decreased the colorectal distension threshold in healthy control rats. Conclusions Overall, our data provide integrated pharmacological, biochemical, and functional evidence demonstrating that P2X3Rs are physically and functionally interconnected at the presynaptic level to control synaptic activities in the right insular cortex, thus contributing to visceral pain of neonatal maternal deprivation rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-An Zhang
- 1 Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of 12582 Soochow University , Zhangjiagang, China.,2 12582 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychological Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University , Suzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhu
- 1 Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of 12582 Soochow University , Zhangjiagang, China
| | - Qi-Ya Xu
- 2 12582 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychological Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University , Suzhou, China
| | - Wan-Jie Du
- 2 12582 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychological Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University , Suzhou, China
| | - Shufen Hu
- 2 12582 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychological Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University , Suzhou, China
| | - Guang-Yin Xu
- 1 Center for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of 12582 Soochow University , Zhangjiagang, China.,2 12582 Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychological Diseases, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University , Suzhou, China
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21
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Lenoir C, Algoet M, Mouraux A. Deep continuous theta burst stimulation of the operculo-insular cortex selectively affects Aδ-fibre heat pain. J Physiol 2018; 596:4767-4787. [PMID: 30085357 PMCID: PMC6166055 DOI: 10.1113/jp276359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Deep continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) of the right operculo-insular cortex delivered with a double cone coil selectively impairs the ability to perceive thermonociceptive input conveyed by Aδ-fibre thermonociceptors without concomitantly affecting the ability to perceive innocuous warm, cold or vibrotactile sensations. Unlike deep cTBS, superficial cTBS of the right operculum delivered with a figure-of-eight coil does not affect the ability to perceive thermonociceptive input conveyed by Aδ-fibre thermonociceptors. The effect of deep operculo-insular cTBS on the perception of Aδ-fibre input was present at both the contralateral and the ipsilateral hand. The magnitude of the increase in Aδ-heat detection threshold induced by the deep cTBS was significantly correlated with the intensity of the cTBS pulses. Deep cTBS delivered over the operculo-insular cortex is associated with a risk of transcranial magnetic stimulation-induced seizure. ABSTRACT Previous studies have suggested a pivotal role of the insular cortex in nociception and pain perception. Using a double-cone coil designed for deep transcranial magnetic stimulation, our objective was to assess (1) whether continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) of the operculo-insular cortex affects differentially the perception of different types of thermal and mechanical somatosensory inputs, (2) whether the induced after-effects are lateralized relative to the stimulated hemisphere, and (3) whether the after-effects are due to neuromodulation of the insula or neuromodulation of the more superficial opercular cortex. Seventeen participants took part in two experiments. In Experiment 1, thresholds and perceived intensity of Aδ- and C-fibre heat pain elicited by laser stimulation, non-painful cool sensations elicited by contact cold stimulation and mechanical vibrotactile sensations were assessed at the left hand before, immediately after and 20 min after deep cTBS delivered over the right operculo-insular cortex. In Experiment 2, Aδ-fibre heat pain and vibrotactile sensations elicited by stimulating the contralateral and ipsilateral hands were evaluated before and after deep cTBS or superficial cTBS delivered using a flat figure-of-eight coil. Only the threshold to detect Aδ-fibre heat pain was significantly increased 20 min after deep cTBS. This effect was present at both hands. No effect was observed after superficial cTBS. Neuromodulation of the operculo-insular cortex using deep cTBS induces a bilateral reduction of the ability to perceive Aδ-fibre heat pain, without concomitantly affecting the ability to perceive innocuous warm, cold or vibrotactile sensations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Lenoir
- Institute of Neuroscience (IONS) Université catholique de Louvain (UCL)BrusselsBelgium
| | - Maxime Algoet
- Institute of Neuroscience (IONS) Université catholique de Louvain (UCL)BrusselsBelgium
| | - André Mouraux
- Institute of Neuroscience (IONS) Université catholique de Louvain (UCL)BrusselsBelgium
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22
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Liberati G, Klöcker A, Algoet M, Mulders D, Maia Safronova M, Ferrao Santos S, Ribeiro Vaz JG, Raftopoulos C, Mouraux A. Gamma-Band Oscillations Preferential for Nociception can be Recorded in the Human Insula. Cereb Cortex 2018; 28:3650-3664. [PMID: 29028955 PMCID: PMC6366557 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient nociceptive stimuli elicit robust phase-locked local field potentials (LFPs) in the human insula. However, these responses are not preferential for nociception, as they are also elicited by transient non-nociceptive vibrotactile, auditory, and visual stimuli. Here, we investigated whether another feature of insular activity, namely gamma-band oscillations (GBOs), is preferentially observed in response to nociceptive stimuli. Although nociception-evoked GBOs have never been explored in the insula, previous scalp electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography studies suggest that nociceptive stimuli elicit GBOs in other areas such as the primary somatosensory and prefrontal cortices, and that this activity could be closely related to pain perception. Furthermore, tracing studies showed that the insula is a primary target of spinothalamic input. Using depth electrodes implanted in 9 patients investigated for epilepsy, we acquired insular responses to brief thermonociceptive stimuli and similarly arousing non-nociceptive vibrotactile, auditory, and visual stimuli (59 insular sites). As compared with non-nociceptive stimuli, nociceptive stimuli elicited a markedly stronger enhancement of GBOs (150-300 ms poststimulus) at all insular sites, suggesting that this feature of insular activity is preferential for thermonociception. Although this activity was also present in temporal and frontal regions, its magnitude was significantly greater in the insula as compared with these other regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Liberati
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain,
1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Klöcker
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain,
1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maxime Algoet
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain,
1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dounia Mulders
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain,
1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marta Maia Safronova
- Department of Radiology, Neuroradiology Clinic, Erasme Hospital,
1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - André Mouraux
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain,
1200 Brussels, Belgium
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23
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Beukema P, Cecil KL, Peterson E, Mann VR, Matsushita M, Takashima Y, Navlakha S, Barth AL. TrpM8-mediated somatosensation in mouse neocortex. J Comp Neurol 2018; 526:1444-1456. [PMID: 29484652 PMCID: PMC5899639 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Somatosensation is a complex sense mediated by more than a dozen distinct neural subtypes in the periphery. Although pressure and touch sensation have been mapped to primary somatosensory cortex in rodents, it has been controversial whether pain and temperature inputs are also directed to this area. Here we use a well-defined somatosensory modality, cool sensation mediated by peripheral TrpM8-receptors, to investigate the neural substrate for cool perception in the mouse neocortex. Using activation of cutaneous TrpM8 receptor-expressing neurons, we identify candidate neocortical areas responsive for cool sensation. Initially, we optimized TrpM8 stimulation and determined that menthol, a selective TrpM8 agonist, was more effective than cool stimulation at inducing expression of the immediate-early gene c-fos in the spinal cord. We developed a broad-scale brain survey method for identification of activated brain areas, using automated methods to quantify c-fos immunoreactivity (fos-IR) across animals. Brain areas corresponding to the posterior insular cortex and secondary somatosensory (S2) show elevated fos-IR after menthol stimulation, in contrast to weaker activation in primary somatosensory cortex (S1). In addition, menthol exposure triggered fos-IR in piriform cortex, the amygdala, and the hypothalamus. Menthol-mediated activation was absent in TrpM8-knock-out animals. Our results indicate that cool somatosensory input broadly drives neural activity across the mouse brain, with neocortical signal most elevated in the posterior insula, as well as S2 and S1. These findings are consistent with data from humans indicating that the posterior insula is specialized for somatosensory information encoding temperature, pain, and gentle touch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Beukema
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Neuroscience at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15260
| | | | - Elena Peterson
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095
| | - Victor R Mann
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - Megumi Matsushita
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213
| | - Yoshio Takashima
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095
| | - Saket Navlakha
- Integrative Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California, 92037
| | - Alison L Barth
- Department of Biological Sciences and Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213
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Kazumata K, Uchino H, Tokairin K, Ito M, Shiga T, Osanai T, Kawabori M. Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome After Revascularization Surgery in Moyamoya Disease: Region-Symptom Mapping and Estimating a Critical Threshold. World Neurosurg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.02.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Obaid S, Tucholka A, Ghaziri J, Jodoin PM, Morency F, Descoteaux M, Bouthillier A, Nguyen DK. Cortical thickness analysis in operculo-insular epilepsy. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2018; 19:727-733. [PMID: 30003025 PMCID: PMC6040575 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background In temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), advanced neuroimaging techniques reveal anomalies extending beyond the temporal lobe such as thinning of fronto-central cortices. Operculo-insular epilepsy (OIE) is an under-recognized and poorly characterized condition with the potential of mimicking TLE. In this work, we investigated insular and extra-insular cortical thickness (CT) changes in OIE. Methods All participants (14 patients with refractory OIE, 9 age- and sex-matched patients with refractory TLE and 26 healthy controls) underwent a T1-weighted acquisition on a 3 T MRI. Anatomical images were processed with Advanced Normalization Tools. Between-group analysis of CT was performed using a two-sided t-test (threshold of p < 0.05 after correction for multiple comparisons; cut-off threshold of 250 voxels) between (i) patients with OIE vs TLE, and (ii) patients with OIE vs healthy controls. Results Significant widespread thinning was observed in OIE patients as compared with healthy controls mainly in the ipsilateral insula, peri-rolandic region, orbito-frontal area, mesiotemporal structures and lateral temporal neocortex. Contralateral cortical shrinkage followed a similar albeit milder and less diffuse pattern.The CT of OIE patients was equal or reduced relative to the TLE group for every cortical region analyzed. Thinning was observed diffusely in OIE patients, predominantly inboth insulae and the ipsilateral occipito-temporal area. Conclusion Our results reveal structural anomalies extending beyond the operculo-insular area in OIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Obaid
- Département de Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Service de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Alan Tucholka
- Barcelona Beta Brain Research Center, Foundation Pasqual Maragall, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jimmy Ghaziri
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre-Marc Jodoin
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Félix Morency
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Maxime Descoteaux
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab (SCIL), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Bouthillier
- Service de Neurochirurgie, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Dang K Nguyen
- Département de Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Wittayer M, Dimova V, Birklein F, Schlereth T. Correlates and importance of neglect-like symptoms in complex regional pain syndrome. Pain 2018; 159:978-986. [DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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27
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Bud Craig AD. Central neural substrates involved in temperature discrimination, thermal pain, thermal comfort, and thermoregulatory behavior. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2018; 156:317-338. [PMID: 30454598 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63912-7.00019-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A phylogenetically novel pathway that emerged with primate encephalization is described, which conveys high-fidelity cutaneous thermosensory activity in "labeled lines" to a somatotopic map in the dorsal posterior insular cortex. It originates in lamina I of the superficial dorsal horn and ascends by way of the lateral spinothalamic tract and a distinct region in posterolateral thalamus. It evolved from the homeostatic sensory activity that represents the physiologic (interoceptive) condition of the body and drives the central autonomic network, which underlies all affective feelings from the body. Accordingly, human discriminative thermal sensations are accompanied by thermally motivated behaviors and thermal feelings of comfort or discomfort (unless neutral), which evidence suggests are associated with activity in the insular, cingulate, and orbitofrontal cortices, respectively. Yet, the substrates for thermoregulatory behavior have not been established, and several strong candidates (including the hypothalamus and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis) are discussed. Finally, the neural underpinnings for relationships between thermal affect and social feelings (warm-positive/cold-negative) are addressed, including the association of hyperthermia with clinical depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur D Bud Craig
- Atkinson Research Laboratory, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, United States.
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Thermosensory Perceptual Learning Is Associated with Structural Brain Changes in Parietal-Opercular (SII) Cortex. J Neurosci 2017; 37:9380-9388. [PMID: 28847806 PMCID: PMC5618259 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1316-17.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The location of a sensory cortex for temperature perception remains a topic of substantial debate. Both the parietal–opercular (SII) and posterior insula have been consistently implicated in thermosensory processing, but neither region has yet been identified as the locus of fine temperature discrimination. Using a perceptual learning paradigm in male and female humans, we show improvement in discrimination accuracy for subdegree changes in both warmth and cool detection over 5 d of repetitive training. We found that increases in discriminative accuracy were specific to the temperature (cold or warm) being trained. Using structural imaging to look for plastic changes associated with perceptual learning, we identified symmetrical increases in gray matter volume in the SII cortex. Furthermore, we observed distinct, adjacent regions for cold and warm discrimination, with cold discrimination having a more anterior locus than warm. The results suggest that thermosensory discrimination is supported by functionally and anatomically distinct temperature-specific modules in the SII cortex. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We provide behavioral and neuroanatomical evidence that perceptual learning is possible within the temperature system. We show that structural plasticity localizes to parietal–opercular (SII), and not posterior insula, providing the best evidence to date resolving a longstanding debate about the location of putative “temperature cortex.” Furthermore, we show that cold and warm pathways are behaviorally and anatomically dissociable, suggesting that the temperature system has distinct temperature-dependent processing modules.
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Uddin LQ, Nomi JS, Hebert-Seropian B, Ghaziri J, Boucher O. Structure and Function of the Human Insula. J Clin Neurophysiol 2017; 34:300-306. [PMID: 28644199 PMCID: PMC6032992 DOI: 10.1097/wnp.0000000000000377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 606] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The insular cortex, or "Island of Reil," is hidden deep within the lateral sulcus of the brain. Subdivisions within the insula have been identified on the basis of cytoarchitectonics, sulcal landmarks, and connectivity. Depending on the parcellation technique used, the insula can be divided into anywhere between 2 and 13 distinct subdivisions. The insula subserves a wide variety of functions in humans ranging from sensory and affective processing to high-level cognition. Here, we provide a concise summary of known structural and functional features of the human insular cortex with a focus on lesion case studies and recent neuroimaging evidence for considerable functional heterogeneity of this brain region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucina Q. Uddin
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA 33124
- Neuroscience Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA 33136
| | - Jason S. Nomi
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA 33124
| | | | - Jimmy Ghaziri
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Olivier Boucher
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Zhang PA, Xu QY, Xue L, Zheng H, Yan J, Xiao Y, Xu GY. Neonatal Maternal Deprivation Enhances Presynaptic P2X7 Receptor Transmission in Insular Cortex in an Adult Rat Model of Visceral Hypersensitivity. CNS Neurosci Ther 2016; 23:145-154. [PMID: 27976523 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Insular cortex (IC) is involved in processing the information of pain. The aim of this study was to investigate roles and mechanisms of P2X7 receptors (P2X7Rs) in IC in development of visceral hypersensitivity of adult rats with neonatal maternal deprivation (NMD). METHODS Visceral hypersensitivity was quantified by abdominal withdrawal reflex threshold to colorectal distension (CRD). Expression of P2X7Rs was determined by qPCR and Western blot. Synaptic transmission in IC was recorded by patch-clamp recording. RESULTS The expression of P2X7Rs and glutamatergic neurotransmission in IC was significantly increased in NMD rats when compared with age-matched controls. Application of BzATP (P2X7R agonist) enhanced the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSC) and miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSC) in IC slices of control rats. Application of BBG (P2X7R antagonist) suppressed the frequencies of sEPSC and mEPSC in IC slices of NMD rats. Microinjection of BzATP into right IC significantly decreased CRD threshold in control rats while microinjection of BBG or A438079 into right IC greatly increased CRD threshold in NMD rats. CONCLUSION Data suggested that the enhanced activities of P2X7Rs in IC, likely through a presynaptic mechanism, contributed to visceral hypersensitivity of adult rats with NMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-An Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Laboratory of Translational Pain Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi-Ya Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Laboratory of Translational Pain Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lu Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Laboratory of Translational Pain Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hang Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Laboratory of Translational Pain Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Yan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Laboratory of Translational Pain Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Chengdu Radio and TV University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guang-Yin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Laboratory of Translational Pain Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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31
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Borsook D, Veggeberg R, Erpelding N, Borra R, Linnman C, Burstein R, Becerra L. The Insula: A "Hub of Activity" in Migraine. Neuroscientist 2016; 22:632-652. [PMID: 26290446 PMCID: PMC5723020 DOI: 10.1177/1073858415601369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The insula, a "cortical hub" buried within the lateral sulcus, is involved in a number of processes including goal-directed cognition, conscious awareness, autonomic regulation, interoception, and somatosensation. While some of these processes are well known in the clinical presentation of migraine (i.e., autonomic and somatosensory alterations), other more complex behaviors in migraine, such as conscious awareness and error detection, are less well described. Since the insula processes and relays afferent inputs from brain areas involved in these functions to areas involved in higher cortical function such as frontal, temporal, and parietal regions, it may be implicated as a brain region that translates the signals of altered internal milieu in migraine, along with other chronic pain conditions, through the insula into complex behaviors. Here we review how the insula function and structure is altered in migraine. As a brain region of a number of brain functions, it may serve as a model to study new potential clinical perspectives for migraine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Borsook
- Pain/Analgesia Imaging Neuroscience (P.A.I.N.) Group, Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Waltham, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Rosanna Veggeberg
- Pain/Analgesia Imaging Neuroscience (P.A.I.N.) Group, Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Nathalie Erpelding
- Pain/Analgesia Imaging Neuroscience (P.A.I.N.) Group, Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Ronald Borra
- Pain/Analgesia Imaging Neuroscience (P.A.I.N.) Group, Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Clas Linnman
- Pain/Analgesia Imaging Neuroscience (P.A.I.N.) Group, Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Rami Burstein
- Department of Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lino Becerra
- Pain/Analgesia Imaging Neuroscience (P.A.I.N.) Group, Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children's Hospital, Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Waltham, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
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Investigating structure and function in the healthy human brain: validity of acute versus chronic lesion-symptom mapping. Brain Struct Funct 2016; 222:2059-2070. [PMID: 27807627 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-016-1325-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Modern voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping (VLSM) analyses techniques provide powerful tools to examine the relationship between structure and function of the healthy human brain. However, there is still uncertainty on the type of and the appropriate time point of imaging and of behavioral testing for such analyses. Here we tested the validity of the three most common combinations of structural imaging data and behavioral scores used in VLSM analyses. Given the established knowledge about the neural substrate of the primary motor system in humans, we asked the mundane question of where the motor system is represented in the normal human brain, analyzing individual arm motor function of 60 unselected stroke patients. Only the combination of acute behavioral scores and acute structural imaging precisely identified the principal brain area for the emergence of hemiparesis after stroke, i.e., the corticospinal tract (CST). In contrast, VLSM analyses based on chronic behavior-in combination with either chronic or acute imaging-required the exclusion of patients who had recovered from an initial paresis to reveal valid anatomical results. Thus, if the primary research aim of a VLSM lesion analysis is to uncover the neural substrates of a certain function in the healthy human brain and if no longitudinal designs with repeated evaluations are planned, the combination of acute imaging and behavior represents the ideal dataset.
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Yuan W, Meller A, Shimony JS, Nash T, Jones BV, Holland SK, Altaye M, Barnard H, Phillips J, Powell S, McKinstry RC, Limbrick DD, Rajagopal A, Mangano FT. Left hemisphere structural connectivity abnormality in pediatric hydrocephalus patients following surgery. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2016; 12:631-639. [PMID: 27722087 PMCID: PMC5048110 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Neuroimaging research in surgically treated pediatric hydrocephalus patients remains challenging due to the artifact caused by programmable shunt. Our previous study has demonstrated significant alterations in the whole brain white matter structural connectivity based on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and graph theoretical analysis in children with hydrocephalus prior to surgery or in surgically treated children without programmable shunts. This study seeks to investigate the impact of brain injury on the topological features in the left hemisphere, contratelateral to the shunt placement, which will avoid the influence of shunt artifacts and makes further group comparisons feasible for children with programmable shunt valves. Three groups of children (34 in the control group, 12 in the 3-month post-surgery group, and 24 in the 12-month post-surgery group, age between 1 and 18 years) were included in the study. The structural connectivity data processing and analysis were performed based on DTI and graph theoretical analysis. Specific procedures were revised to include only left brain imaging data in normalization, parcellation, and fiber counting from DTI tractography. Our results showed that, when compared to controls, children with hydrocephalus in both the 3-month and 12-month post-surgery groups had significantly lower normalized clustering coefficient, lower small-worldness, and higher global efficiency (all p < 0.05, corrected). At a regional level, both patient groups showed significant alteration in one or more regional connectivity measures in a series of brain regions in the left hemisphere (8 and 10 regions in the 3-month post-surgery and the 12-month post-surgery group, respectively, all p < 0.05, corrected). No significant correlation was found between any of the global or regional measures and the contemporaneous neuropsychological outcomes [the General Adaptive Composite (GAC) from the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, Second Edition (ABAS-II)]. However, one global network measure (global efficiency) and two regional network measures in the insula (local efficiency and between centrality) tested at 3-month post-surgery were found to correlate with GAC score tested at 12-month post-surgery with statistical significance (all p < 0.05, corrected). Our data showed that the structural connectivity analysis based on DTI and graph theory was sensitive in detecting both global and regional network abnormality when the analysis was conducted in the left hemisphere only. This approach provides a new avenue enabling the application of advanced neuroimaging analysis methods in quantifying brain damage in children with hydrocephalus surgically treated with programmable shunts. We studied the structural connectivity of left hemisphere brain network in children with hydrocephalus post-surgery Children with hydrocephalus post-surgery had significantly abnormal structural connectivity in the left hemisphere based on graph analysis Significant correlation was found between graph measures at 3-months post-surgery and developmental outcome at 12-month post-surgery
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Artur Meller
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Joshua S Shimony
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tiffany Nash
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Blaise V Jones
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Scott K Holland
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Mekibib Altaye
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Holly Barnard
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics - Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jannel Phillips
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics - Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Stephanie Powell
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States; Department of Psychology, St. Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Robert C McKinstry
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - David D Limbrick
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Akila Rajagopal
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Francesco T Mangano
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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Kessner SS, Bingel U, Thomalla G. Somatosensory deficits after stroke: a scoping review. Top Stroke Rehabil 2016; 23:136-46. [PMID: 27078117 DOI: 10.1080/10749357.2015.1116822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In the past years, there have been increasing research activities focusing on somatosensory symptoms following stroke. However, as compared to the large number of clinical and neuroimaging studies on motor symptoms, the number of studies tracing somatosensory symptoms after stroke and their recovery is rather small. It is an ongoing discussion, to which extent somatosensory deficits after stroke influence patient's long-term outcome in motor and sensory performance and functional independence in activities of daily living. Modern brain imaging techniques allow for studying the impact of stroke lesion localization and size on acute and persisting clinical impairment. Here, we review the literature on somatosensory symptoms after stroke. We summarize epidemiological information on frequency and characteristics of somatosensory symptoms affecting all parts of the body in the acute and chronic stage of stroke. We further give an overview of brain imaging studies of stroke affecting the somatosensory system. Finally, we identify open questions which need to be addressed in future research and summarize the implications for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon S Kessner
- a Department of Neurology , University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Ulrike Bingel
- a Department of Neurology , University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany.,b Department of Neurology , University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen , Essen , Germany
| | - Götz Thomalla
- a Department of Neurology , University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
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Nociceptive Local Field Potentials Recorded from the Human Insula Are Not Specific for Nociception. PLoS Biol 2016; 14:e1002345. [PMID: 26734726 PMCID: PMC4703221 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The insula, particularly its posterior portion, is often regarded as a primary cortex for pain. However, this interpretation is largely based on reverse inference, and a specific involvement of the insula in pain has never been demonstrated. Taking advantage of the high spatiotemporal resolution of direct intracerebral recordings, we investigated whether the human insula exhibits local field potentials (LFPs) specific for pain. Forty-seven insular sites were investigated. Participants received brief stimuli belonging to four different modalities (nociceptive, vibrotactile, auditory, and visual). Both nociceptive stimuli and non-nociceptive vibrotactile, auditory, and visual stimuli elicited consistent LFPs in the posterior and anterior insula, with matching spatial distributions. Furthermore, a blind source separation procedure showed that nociceptive LFPs are largely explained by multimodal neural activity also contributing to non-nociceptive LFPs. By revealing that LFPs elicited by nociceptive stimuli reflect activity unrelated to nociception and pain, our results confute the widespread assumption that these brain responses are a signature for pain perception and its modulation. Local field potentials elicited in the human insular cortex by painful stimuli reflect cortical activity that is unrelated to pain perception and so cannot be used as an objective measure of pain. A widely accepted notion is that the insula, especially its posterior portion, plays a specific role in the perception of pain. This has led a number of researchers to consider activity recorded from this so-called “ouch zone” as an objective correlate of pain perception. We provide compelling evidence to the contrary. Using direct intracerebral recordings, we demonstrate that painful and nonpainful stimuli elicit very similar responses throughout the human insula. This observation argues against the notion that these responses reflect the brain activity through which pain emerges from nociception in the human brain. These findings have implications for basic theories, as well as for the development of diagnostic tests and the identification of therapeutic targets for the treatment of chronic pain. They question the use of these insular responses to assess the effects of pharmacological treatment or to assess pain in patients unable to communicate. Furthermore, they have legal implications, as they contradict the proposal that these responses could be used to determine unequivocally whether plaintiffs are truly experiencing the pain for which they are seeking redress. Finally, they undermine the rationale for neurosurgical procedures aiming at alleviating pain by targeting the posterior insula.
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Meyer S, Kessner SS, Cheng B, Bönstrup M, Schulz R, Hummel FC, De Bruyn N, Peeters A, Van Pesch V, Duprez T, Sunaert S, Schrooten M, Feys H, Gerloff C, Thomalla G, Thijs V, Verheyden G. Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping of stroke lesions underlying somatosensory deficits. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2015; 10:257-66. [PMID: 26900565 PMCID: PMC4724038 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between stroke lesion location and the resulting somatosensory deficit. We studied exteroceptive and proprioceptive somatosensory symptoms and stroke lesions in 38 patients with first-ever acute stroke. The Erasmus modified Nottingham Sensory Assessment was used to clinically evaluate somatosensory functioning in the arm and hand within the first week after stroke onset. Additionally, more objective measures such as the perceptual threshold of touch and somatosensory evoked potentials were recorded. Non-parametric voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping was performed to investigate lesion contribution to different somatosensory deficits in the upper limb. Additionally, structural connectivity of brain areas that demonstrated the strongest association with somatosensory symptoms was determined, using probabilistic fiber tracking based on diffusion tensor imaging data from a healthy age-matched sample. Voxels with a significant association to somatosensory deficits were clustered in two core brain regions: the central parietal white matter, also referred to as the sensory component of the superior thalamic radiation, and the parietal operculum close to the insular cortex, representing the secondary somatosensory cortex. Our objective recordings confirmed findings from clinical assessments. Probabilistic tracking connected the first region to thalamus, internal capsule, brain stem, postcentral gyrus, cerebellum, and frontal pathways, while the second region demonstrated structural connections to thalamus, insular and primary somatosensory cortex. This study reveals that stroke lesions in the sensory fibers of the superior thalamocortical radiation and the parietal operculum are significantly associated with multiple exteroceptive and proprioceptive deficits in the arm and hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Meyer
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tervuursevest 101/bus 1501, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Simon S Kessner
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Bastian Cheng
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marlene Bönstrup
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Schulz
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedhelm C Hummel
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nele De Bruyn
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tervuursevest 101/bus 1501, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andre Peeters
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Department of Neurology, Hippokrateslaan 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Van Pesch
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Department of Neurology, Hippokrateslaan 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry Duprez
- Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Department of Radiology, Hippokrateslaan 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Radiology, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Schrooten
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hilde Feys
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tervuursevest 101/bus 1501, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christian Gerloff
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Götz Thomalla
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Neurology, Martinistraße 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vincent Thijs
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Neurobiology, Vesalius Research Center, VIB, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Experimental Neurology and Leuven Research Institute for Neuroscience and Disease (LIND), Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Verheyden
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Tervuursevest 101/bus 1501, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Sinanaj I, Cojan Y, Vuilleumier P. Inter-individual variability in metacognitive ability for visuomotor performance and underlying brain structures. Conscious Cogn 2015; 36:327-37. [PMID: 26241023 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2015.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metacognition refers to the ability to discriminate between one's own correct and incorrect decisions. The neurobiological underpinnings of metacognition have mainly been studied in perceptual decision-making. Here we investigated whether differences in brain structure predict individual variability in metacognitive sensitivity for visuomotor performance. Participants had to draw straight trajectories toward visual targets, which could unpredictably deviate around detection threshold, report such deviations when detected, and rate their confidence level for such reports. Structural brain MRI analyses revealed that larger gray-matter volume (GMV) in the left middle occipital gyrus, left medial parietal cortex, and right postcentral gyrus predicted higher deviation detection sensitivity. By contrast, larger GMV in the right prefrontal cortex but also right anterior insula and right fusiform gyrus predicted higher metacognitive sensitivity. These results extend past research by linking metacognitive sensitivity for visuomotor behavior to brain areas involved in action agency (insula), executive control (prefrontal cortex) and vision (fusiform).
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrit Sinanaj
- Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Affective Studies, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Yann Cojan
- Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrik Vuilleumier
- Laboratory of Neurology and Imaging of Cognition, Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Affective Studies, University of Geneva, Switzerland
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Feinstein JS, Khalsa SS, Salomons TV, Prkachin KM, Frey-Law LA, Lee JE, Tranel D, Rudrauf D. Preserved emotional awareness of pain in a patient with extensive bilateral damage to the insula, anterior cingulate, and amygdala. Brain Struct Funct 2015; 221:1499-511. [PMID: 25577137 PMCID: PMC4734900 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-014-0986-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging investigations of pain have discovered a reliable pattern of activation within limbic regions of a putative "pain matrix" that has been theorized to reflect the affective dimension of pain. To test this theory, we evaluated the experience of pain in a rare neurological patient with extensive bilateral lesions encompassing core limbic structures of the pain matrix, including the insula, anterior cingulate, and amygdala. Despite widespread damage to these regions, the patient's expression and experience of pain was intact, and at times excessive in nature. This finding was consistent across multiple pain measures including self-report, facial expression, vocalization, withdrawal reaction, and autonomic response. These results challenge the notion of a "pain matrix" and provide direct evidence that the insula, anterior cingulate, and amygdala are not necessary for feeling the suffering inherent to pain. The patient's heightened degree of pain affect further suggests that these regions may be more important for the regulation of pain rather than providing the decisive substrate for pain's conscious experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin S Feinstein
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Department of Psychology and School of Community Medicine, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA. .,Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S. Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK, 74136-3326, USA.
| | - Sahib S Khalsa
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Laureate Institute for Brain Research, 6655 S. Yale Avenue, Tulsa, OK, 74136-3326, USA.,Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Tim V Salomons
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AL, UK
| | - Kenneth M Prkachin
- Department of Psychology, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, V2N 4Z9, Canada
| | - Laura A Frey-Law
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jennifer E Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Daniel Tranel
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - David Rudrauf
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Laboratory of Functional Imaging, INSERM U678s/UPMC, 75013, Paris, France
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Devor M, Rappaport I, Rappaport ZH. Does the Golem Feel Pain? Moral Instincts and Ethical Dilemmas Concerning Suffering and the Brain. Pain Pract 2014; 15:497-508. [DOI: 10.1111/papr.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marshall Devor
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology; Institute of Life Sciences and Center for Research on Pain; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem Israel
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