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Cameron O, Neves JF, Gentleman E. Listen to Your Gut: Key Concepts for Bioengineering Advanced Models of the Intestine. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2302165. [PMID: 38009508 PMCID: PMC10837392 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The intestine performs functions central to human health by breaking down food and absorbing nutrients while maintaining a selective barrier against the intestinal microbiome. Key to this barrier function are the combined efforts of lumen-lining specialized intestinal epithelial cells, and the supportive underlying immune cell-rich stromal tissue. The discovery that the intestinal epithelium can be reproduced in vitro as intestinal organoids introduced a new way to understand intestinal development, homeostasis, and disease. However, organoids reflect the intestinal epithelium in isolation whereas the underlying tissue also contains myriad cell types and impressive chemical and structural complexity. This review dissects the cellular and matrix components of the intestine and discusses strategies to replicate them in vitro using principles drawing from bottom-up biological self-organization and top-down bioengineering. It also covers the cellular, biochemical and biophysical features of the intestinal microenvironment and how these can be replicated in vitro by combining strategies from organoid biology with materials science. Particularly accessible chemistries that mimic the native extracellular matrix are discussed, and bioengineering approaches that aim to overcome limitations in modelling the intestine are critically evaluated. Finally, the review considers how further advances may extend the applications of intestinal models and their suitability for clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Cameron
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Joana F. Neves
- Centre for Host‐Microbiome InteractionsKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
| | - Eileen Gentleman
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonSE1 9RTUK
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of LausanneLausanne1005Switzerland
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2
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Rodrigo MJ, Cardiel MJ, Fraile JM, Mayoral JA, Pablo LE, Garcia-Martin E. Laponite for biomedical applications: An ophthalmological perspective. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100935. [PMID: 38239894 PMCID: PMC10794930 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Clay minerals have been applied in biomedicine for thousands of years. Laponite is a nanostructured synthetic clay with the capacity to retain and progressively release drugs. In recent years there has been a resurgence of interest in Laponite application in various biomedical areas. This is the first paper to review the potential biomedical applications of Laponite in ophthalmology. The introduction briefly covers the physical, chemical, rheological, and biocompatibility features of different routes of administration. After that, emphasis is placed on 1) drug delivery for antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, growth factors, other proteins, and cancer treatment; 2) bleeding prevention or treatment; and 3) tissue engineering through regenerative medicine using scaffolds in intraocular and extraocular tissue. Although most scientific research is not performed on the eye, both the findings and the new treatments resulting from that research are potentially applicable in ophthalmology since many of the drugs used are the same, the tissue evaluated in vitro or in vivo is also present in the eye, and the pathologies treated also occur in the eye. Finally, future prospects for this emerging field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J. Rodrigo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), GIMSO Research Group, University of Zaragoza (Spain), Avda. San Juan Bosco 13, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Maria J. Cardiel
- Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), GIMSO Research Group, University of Zaragoza (Spain), Avda. San Juan Bosco 13, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Lozano Blesa University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose M. Fraile
- Institute for Chemical Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis (ISQCH), Faculty of Sciences, University of Zaragoza–CSIC, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jose A. Mayoral
- Institute for Chemical Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis (ISQCH), Faculty of Sciences, University of Zaragoza–CSIC, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis E. Pablo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), GIMSO Research Group, University of Zaragoza (Spain), Avda. San Juan Bosco 13, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Biotech Vision SLP (spin-off Company), University of Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elena Garcia-Martin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), GIMSO Research Group, University of Zaragoza (Spain), Avda. San Juan Bosco 13, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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3
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Bačenková D, Trebuňová M, Demeterová J, Živčák J. Human Chondrocytes, Metabolism of Articular Cartilage, and Strategies for Application to Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17096. [PMID: 38069417 PMCID: PMC10707713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaline cartilage, which is characterized by the absence of vascularization and innervation, has minimal self-repair potential in case of damage and defect formation in the chondral layer. Chondrocytes are specialized cells that ensure the synthesis of extracellular matrix components, namely type II collagen and aggregen. On their surface, they express integrins CD44, α1β1, α3β1, α5β1, α10β1, αVβ1, αVβ3, and αVβ5, which are also collagen-binding components of the extracellular matrix. This article aims to contribute to solving the problem of the possible repair of chondral defects through unique methods of tissue engineering, as well as the process of pathological events in articular cartilage. In vitro cell culture models used for hyaline cartilage repair could bring about advanced possibilities. Currently, there are several variants of the combination of natural and synthetic polymers and chondrocytes. In a three-dimensional environment, chondrocytes retain their production capacity. In the case of mesenchymal stromal cells, their favorable ability is to differentiate into a chondrogenic lineage in a three-dimensional culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darina Bačenková
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Measurement, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Letná 9, 042 00 Košice, Slovakia; (M.T.); (J.D.); (J.Ž.)
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4
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Wang H, Xia Y, Zhang Z, Xie Z. 3D gradient printing based on digital light processing. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8883-8896. [PMID: 37694441 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00763d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
3D gradient printing is a type of fabrication technique that builds three-dimensional objects with gradually changing properties. Gradient digital light processing based 3D printing has garnered considerable attention in recent years. This function-oriented technology precisely manipulates the performance of different positions of materials and prints them as a monolithic structure to realize specific functions. This review presents a conceptual understanding of gradient properties, covering an overview of current techniques and materials that can produce gradient structures, as well as their limitations and challenges. The principle of digital light processing (DLP) technology and feasible strategies for 3D gradient printing to overcome any barriers are also presented. Additionally, this review discusses the promising future of 4D bioprinting systems based on DLP printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Chien-Shiung Wu College, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211102, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Chien-Shiung Wu College, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211102, China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
| | - Zhuoying Xie
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
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5
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Nepal A, Tran HD, Nguyen NT, Ta HT. Advances in haemostatic sponges: Characteristics and the underlying mechanisms for rapid haemostasis. Bioact Mater 2023; 27:231-256. [PMID: 37122895 PMCID: PMC10130630 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In traumatized patients, the primary cause of mortality is uncontrollable continuous bleeding and unexpected intraoperative bleeding which is likely to increase the risk of complications and surgical failure. High expansion sponges are effective clinical practice for the treatment of wound bleeding (irregular/deep/narrow) that are caused by capillaries, veins and even arterioles as they possess a high liquid absorption ratio so can absorb blood platelets easily in comparison with traditional haemostasis treatments, which involve compression, ligation, or electrical coagulation etc. When in contact with blood, haemostatic sponges can cause platelet adhesion, aggregation, and thrombosis, preventing blood from flowing out from wounds, triggering the release of coagulation factors, causing the blood to form a stable polymerized fibre protein, forming blood clots, and achieving the goal of wound bleeding control. Haemostatic sponges are found in a variety of shapes and sizes. The aim of this review is to facilitate an overview of recent research around haemostatic sponge materials, products, and technology. This paper reviews the synthesis, properties, and characteristics of haemostatic sponges, together with the haemostasis mechanisms of haemostatic sponges (composite materials), such as chitosan, cellulose, gelatin, starch, graphene oxide, hyaluronic acid, alginate, polyethylene glycol, silk fibroin, synthetic polymers silver nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, and silica nanoparticles. Also, this paper reviews commercial sponges and their properties. In addition to this, we discuss various in-vitro/in-vivo approaches for the evaluation of the effect of sponges on haemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akriti Nepal
- Queensland Micro-and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Huong D.N. Tran
- Queensland Micro-and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro-and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Hang Thu Ta
- Queensland Micro-and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
- Bioscience Discipline, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia
- Corresponding author. Bioscience Department, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Brisbane, QLD, 4111, Australia..
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6
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Villanueva-Flores F, Garcia-Atutxa I, Santos A, Armendariz-Borunda J. Toward a New Generation of Bio-Scaffolds for Neural Tissue Engineering: Challenges and Perspectives. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1750. [PMID: 37376198 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural tissue engineering presents a compelling technological breakthrough in restoring brain function, holding immense promise. However, the quest to develop implantable scaffolds for neural culture that fulfill all necessary criteria poses a remarkable challenge for material science. These materials must possess a host of desirable characteristics, including support for cellular survival, proliferation, and neuronal migration and the minimization of inflammatory responses. Moreover, they should facilitate electrochemical cell communication, display mechanical properties akin to the brain, emulate the intricate architecture of the extracellular matrix, and ideally allow the controlled release of substances. This comprehensive review delves into the primary requisites, limitations, and prospective avenues for scaffold design in brain tissue engineering. By offering a panoramic overview, our work aims to serve as an essential resource, guiding the creation of materials endowed with bio-mimetic properties, ultimately revolutionizing the treatment of neurological disorders by developing brain-implantable scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Villanueva-Flores
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Chihuahua, Av. Heroico Colegio Militar 4700, Nombre de Dios, Chihuahua 31300, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Igor Garcia-Atutxa
- Máster en Bioinformática y Bioestadística, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Rambla del Poblenou, 156, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arturo Santos
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara, Av. Gral Ramón Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan 45201, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Juan Armendariz-Borunda
- Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara, Av. Gral Ramón Corona No 2514, Colonia Nuevo México, Zapopan 45201, Jalisco, Mexico
- Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina y Terapia Génica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Independencia Oriente, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
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7
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Hakim Khalili M, Zhang R, Wilson S, Goel S, Impey SA, Aria AI. Additive Manufacturing and Physicomechanical Characteristics of PEGDA Hydrogels: Recent Advances and Perspective for Tissue Engineering. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102341. [PMID: 37242919 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this brief review, we discuss the recent advancements in using poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels for tissue engineering applications. PEGDA hydrogels are highly attractive in biomedical and biotechnology fields due to their soft and hydrated properties that can replicate living tissues. These hydrogels can be manipulated using light, heat, and cross-linkers to achieve desirable functionalities. Unlike previous reviews that focused solely on material design and fabrication of bioactive hydrogels and their cell viability and interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM), we compare the traditional bulk photo-crosslinking method with the latest three-dimensional (3D) printing of PEGDA hydrogels. We present detailed evidence combining the physical, chemical, bulk, and localized mechanical characteristics, including their composition, fabrication methods, experimental conditions, and reported mechanical properties of bulk and 3D printed PEGDA hydrogels. Furthermore, we highlight the current state of biomedical applications of 3D PEGDA hydrogels in tissue engineering and organ-on-chip devices over the last 20 years. Finally, we delve into the current obstacles and future possibilities in the field of engineering 3D layer-by-layer (LbL) PEGDA hydrogels for tissue engineering and organ-on-chip devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hakim Khalili
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Rujing Zhang
- Sophion Bioscience A/S, Baltorpvej 154, 2750 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sandra Wilson
- Sophion Bioscience A/S, Baltorpvej 154, 2750 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Saurav Goel
- School of Engineering, London South Bank University, 103 Borough Road, London SE1 0AA, UK
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Susan A Impey
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Adrianus Indrat Aria
- Surface Engineering and Precision Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Bedford MK43 0AL, UK
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8
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Shakiba D, Genin GM, Zustiak SP. Mechanobiology of cancer cell responsiveness to chemotherapy and immunotherapy: Mechanistic insights and biomaterial platforms. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 196:114771. [PMID: 36889646 PMCID: PMC10133187 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical forces are central to how cancer treatments such as chemotherapeutics and immunotherapies interact with cells and tissues. At the simplest level, electrostatic forces underlie the binding events that are critical to therapeutic function. However, a growing body of literature points to mechanical factors that also affect whether a drug or an immune cell can reach a target, and to interactions between a cell and its environment affecting therapeutic efficacy. These factors affect cell processes ranging from cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix remodeling to transduction of signals by the nucleus to metastasis of cells. This review presents and critiques the state of the art of our understanding of how mechanobiology impacts drug and immunotherapy resistance and responsiveness, and of the in vitro systems that have been of value in the discovery of these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delaram Shakiba
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Guy M Genin
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Silviya P Zustiak
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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9
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Rosendahl J, Zarna C, Håkansson J, Chinga-Carrasco G. Gene-Expression Analysis of Human Fibroblasts Affected by 3D-Printed Carboxylated Nanocellulose Constructs. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:bioengineering10010121. [PMID: 36671693 PMCID: PMC9854960 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as a highly valuable tool to manufacture porous constructs. This has major advantages in, for example, tissue engineering, in which 3D scaffolds provide a microenvironment with adequate porosity for cell growth and migration as a simulation of tissue regeneration. In this study, we assessed the suitability of three cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) that were obtained through 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpyperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation. The CNFs were obtained by applying three levels of carboxylation, i.e., 2.5, 3.8, and 6.0 mmol sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) per gram of cellulose. The CNFs exhibited different nanofibrillation levels, affecting the corresponding viscosity and 3D printability of the CNF gels (0.6 wt%). The scaffolds were manufactured by micro-extrusion and the nanomechanical properties were assessed with nanoindentation. Importantly, fibroblasts were grown on the scaffolds and the expression levels of the marker genes, which are relevant for wound healing and proliferation, were assessed in order to reveal the effect of the 3D-scaffold microenvironment of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Rosendahl
- Unit of Biological Function, Division Materials and Production, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, P.O. Box 857, SE-50115 Borås, Sweden
| | - Chiara Zarna
- RISE PFI, Høgskoleringen 6b, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Joakim Håkansson
- Unit of Biological Function, Division Materials and Production, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, P.O. Box 857, SE-50115 Borås, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Gothenburg University, P.O. Box 440, SE-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
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10
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Zhang H, Ma Y, Wang Y, Niu L, Zou R, Zhang M, Liu H, Genin GM, Li A, Xu F. Rational Design of Soft-Hard Interfaces through Bioinspired Engineering. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2204498. [PMID: 36228093 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soft-hard tissue interfaces in nature present a diversity of hierarchical transitions in composition and structure to address the challenge of stress concentrations that would otherwise arise at their interface. The translation of these into engineered materials holds promise for improved function of biomedical interfaces. Here, soft-hard tissue interfaces found in the body in health and disease, and the application of the diverse, functionally graded, and hierarchical structures that they present to bioinspired engineering materials are reviewed. A range of such bioinspired engineering materials and associated manufacturing technologies that are on the horizon in interfacial tissue engineering, hydrogel bioadhesion at the interfaces, and healthcare and medical devices are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yufei Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, P. R. China
| | - Lin Niu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Guy M Genin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, P. R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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11
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Wang Q, Wang Z, Zhang D, Gu J, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Chen J. Circular Patterns of Dynamic Covalent Hydrogels with Gradient Stiffness for Screening of the Stem Cell Microenvironment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:47461-47471. [PMID: 36240467 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As extracellular matrix (ECM) mimetic materials, hydrogels have been widely used for broad biomedical applications. However, with so many physical or chemical cues in the matrix that regulate cell behaviors or functions, it remains challenging to design a customizable hydrogel with the desired properties on demand. In the current study, we aim to establish a circular-patterned hydrogel model with gradient stiffness for screening the most favorable ECM environment for specific cells or certain application purposes. First, six types of hydrogels with a wide stiffness range of 1.2-28.9 kPa were prepared by dynamic covalent cross-linking between gelatin derivatives and oxidized hyaluronic acid. Taking advantage of their instantaneous self-healing property from dynamic chemistry, the hydrogels were further spliced into one whole piece of circular-patterned hydrogel. When rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were seeded in the center, the influences of matrix stiffness on the regulation of stem cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation were directly observed and compared under one visual field. In addition, these hydrogels all possessed good biocompatibility, degradability, and injectability, showing great potential for tissue-engineering-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Difei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jieyu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jinghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
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12
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Davoodi E, Montazerian H, Mirhakimi AS, Zhianmanesh M, Ibhadode O, Shahabad SI, Esmaeilizadeh R, Sarikhani E, Toorandaz S, Sarabi SA, Nasiri R, Zhu Y, Kadkhodapour J, Li B, Khademhosseini A, Toyserkani E. Additively manufactured metallic biomaterials. Bioact Mater 2022; 15:214-249. [PMID: 35386359 PMCID: PMC8941217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal additive manufacturing (AM) has led to an evolution in the design and fabrication of hard tissue substitutes, enabling personalized implants to address each patient's specific needs. In addition, internal pore architectures integrated within additively manufactured scaffolds, have provided an opportunity to further develop and engineer functional implants for better tissue integration, and long-term durability. In this review, the latest advances in different aspects of the design and manufacturing of additively manufactured metallic biomaterials are highlighted. After introducing metal AM processes, biocompatible metals adapted for integration with AM machines are presented. Then, we elaborate on the tools and approaches undertaken for the design of porous scaffold with engineered internal architecture including, topology optimization techniques, as well as unit cell patterns based on lattice networks, and triply periodic minimal surface. Here, the new possibilities brought by the functionally gradient porous structures to meet the conflicting scaffold design requirements are thoroughly discussed. Subsequently, the design constraints and physical characteristics of the additively manufactured constructs are reviewed in terms of input parameters such as design features and AM processing parameters. We assess the proposed applications of additively manufactured implants for regeneration of different tissue types and the efforts made towards their clinical translation. Finally, we conclude the review with the emerging directions and perspectives for further development of AM in the medical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Davoodi
- Multi-Scale Additive Manufacturing (MSAM) Laboratory, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90024, United States
| | - Hossein Montazerian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90024, United States
| | - Anooshe Sadat Mirhakimi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Masoud Zhianmanesh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Osezua Ibhadode
- Multi-Scale Additive Manufacturing (MSAM) Laboratory, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Shahriar Imani Shahabad
- Multi-Scale Additive Manufacturing (MSAM) Laboratory, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Reza Esmaeilizadeh
- Multi-Scale Additive Manufacturing (MSAM) Laboratory, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Einollah Sarikhani
- Department of Nanoengineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Sahar Toorandaz
- Multi-Scale Additive Manufacturing (MSAM) Laboratory, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Shima A. Sarabi
- Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Rohollah Nasiri
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90024, United States
| | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90024, United States
| | - Javad Kadkhodapour
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Tehran 16785-163, Iran
- Institute for Materials Testing, Materials Science and Strength of Materials, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Bingbing Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90024, United States
- Department of Manufacturing Systems Engineering and Management, California State University, Northridge, California 91330, United States
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90024, United States
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ehsan Toyserkani
- Multi-Scale Additive Manufacturing (MSAM) Laboratory, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- Corresponding author.
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13
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Chalard AE, Dixon AW, Taberner AJ, Malmström J. Visible-Light Stiffness Patterning of GelMA Hydrogels Towards In Vitro Scar Tissue Models. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:946754. [PMID: 35865624 PMCID: PMC9294371 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.946754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Variations in mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix occurs in various processes, such as tissue fibrosis. The impact of changes in tissue stiffness on cell behaviour are studied in vitro using various types of biomaterials and methods. Stiffness patterning of hydrogel scaffolds, through the use of stiffness gradients for instance, allows the modelling and studying of cellular responses to fibrotic mechanisms. Gelatine methacryloyl (GelMA) has been used extensively in tissue engineering for its inherent biocompatibility and the ability to precisely tune its mechanical properties. Visible light is now increasingly employed for crosslinking GelMA hydrogels as it enables improved cell survival when performing cell encapsulation. We report here, the photopatterning of mechanical properties of GelMA hydrogels with visible light and eosin Y as the photoinitiator using physical photomasks and projection with a digital micromirror device. Using both methods, binary hydrogels with areas of different stiffnesses and hydrogels with stiffness gradients were fabricated. Their mechanical properties were characterised using force indentation with atomic force microscopy, which showed the efficiency of both methods to spatially pattern the elastic modulus of GelMA according to the photomask or the projected pattern. Crosslinking through projection was also used to build constructs with complex shapes. Overall, this work shows the feasibility of patterning the stiffness of GelMA scaffolds, in the range from healthy to pathological stiffness, with visible light. Consequently, this method could be used to build in vitro models of healthy and fibrotic tissue and study the cellular behaviours involved at the interface between the two.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs E. Chalard
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Anaïs E. Chalard, ; Jenny Malmström,
| | - Alexander W. Dixon
- The Auckland Bioengineering Institute (ABI), The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Andrew J. Taberner
- The Auckland Bioengineering Institute (ABI), The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jenny Malmström
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington, New Zealand
- *Correspondence: Anaïs E. Chalard, ; Jenny Malmström,
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14
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Guo T, He C, Venado A, Zhou Y. Extracellular Matrix Stiffness in Lung Health and Disease. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3523-3558. [PMID: 35766837 PMCID: PMC10088466 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural support and imparts a wide variety of environmental cues to cells. In the past decade, a growing body of work revealed that the mechanical properties of the ECM, commonly known as matrix stiffness, regulate the fundamental cellular processes of the lung. There is growing appreciation that mechanical interplays between cells and associated ECM are essential to maintain lung homeostasis. Dysregulation of ECM-derived mechanical signaling via altered mechanosensing and mechanotransduction pathways is associated with many common lung diseases. Matrix stiffening is a hallmark of lung fibrosis. The stiffened ECM is not merely a sequelae of lung fibrosis but can actively drive the progression of fibrotic lung disease. In this article, we provide a comprehensive view on the role of matrix stiffness in lung health and disease. We begin by summarizing the effects of matrix stiffness on the function and behavior of various lung cell types and on regulation of biomolecule activity and key physiological processes, including host immune response and cellular metabolism. We discuss the potential mechanisms by which cells probe matrix stiffness and convert mechanical signals to regulate gene expression. We highlight the factors that govern matrix stiffness and outline the role of matrix stiffness in lung development and the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and lung cancer. We envision targeting of deleterious matrix mechanical cues for treatment of fibrotic lung disease. Advances in technologies for matrix stiffness measurements and design of stiffness-tunable matrix substrates are also explored. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3523-3558, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Guo
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao He
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Aida Venado
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yong Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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15
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Estes Bright LM, Garren MRS, Ashcraft M, Kumar A, Husain H, Brisbois EJ, Handa H. Dual Action Nitric Oxide and Fluoride Ion-Releasing Hydrogels for Combating Dental Caries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:21916-21930. [PMID: 35507415 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Demineralization and breakdown of tooth enamel are characterized by a condition called dental caries or tooth decay, which is caused by two main factors: (1) highly acidic food intake without proper oral hygiene and (2) overactive oral bacteria generating acidic metabolic byproducts. Fluoride treatments have been shown to help rebuild the hydroxyapatite structures that make up 98% of enamel but do not tackle the bacterial overload that continues to threaten future demineralization. Herein, we have created a dual-function Pluronic F127-alginate hydrogel with nitric oxide (NO)- and fluoride-releasing capabilities for the two-pronged treatment of dental caries. Analysis of the hydrogels demonstrated porous, shear-thinning behaviors with tunable mechanical properties. Varying the weight percent of the NO donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) within the hydrogel enabled physiologically actionable NO release over 4 h, with the fabricated gels demonstrating storage stability over 21 days. This NO-releasing capability resulted in a 97.59% reduction of viable Streptococcus mutans in the planktonic state over 4 h and reduced the preformed biofilm mass by 48.8% after 24 h. Delivery of fluoride ions was confirmed by a fluoride-sensitive electrode, with release levels resulting in the significant prevention of demineralization of hydroxyapatite discs after treatment with an acidic demineralization solution. Exposure to human gingival fibroblasts and human osteoblasts showed cytocompatibility of the hydrogel, demonstrating the potential for the successful treatment of dental caries in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori M Estes Bright
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Mark R S Garren
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Morgan Ashcraft
- Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Anil Kumar
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Huzefa Husain
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Elizabeth J Brisbois
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Hitesh Handa
- School of Chemical, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
- Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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16
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Dogan AA, Dufva M. Customized 3D-printed stackable cell culture inserts tailored with bioactive membranes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3694. [PMID: 35256703 PMCID: PMC8901659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07739-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a high demand in various fields to develop complex cell cultures. Apart from titer plates, Transwell inserts are the most popular device because they are commercially available, easy to use, and versatile. While Transwell inserts are standardized, there are potential gains to customize inserts in terms of the number of layers, height between the layers and the size and composition of the bioactive membrane. To demonstrate such customization, we present a small library of 3D-printed inserts and a robust method to functionalize the inserts with hydrogel and synthetic membrane materials. The library consists of 24- to 96-well sized inserts as whole plates, strips, and singlets. The density of cultures (the number of wells per plate) and the number of layers was decided by the wall thickness, the capillary forces between the layers and the ability to support fluid operations. The highest density for a two-layer culture was 48-well plate format because the corresponding 96-well format could not support fluidic operations. The bottom apertures were functionalized with hydrogels using a new high-throughput dip-casting technique. This yielded well-defined hydrogel membranes in the apertures with a thickness of about 500 µm and a %CV (coefficient of variance) of < 10%. Consistent intestine barrier was formed on the gelatin over 3-weeks period. Furthermore, mouse intestinal organoid development was compared on hydrogel and synthetic filters glued to the bottom of the 3D-printed inserts. Condensation was most pronounced in inserts with filters followed by the gelatin membrane and the control, which were organoids cultured at the bottom of a titer plate well. This showed that the bottom of an insert should be chosen based on the application. All the inserts were fabricated using an easy-to-use stereolithography (SLA) printer commonly used for dentistry and surgical applications. Therefore, on demand printing of the customized inserts is realistic in many laboratory settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli Aybike Dogan
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Martin Dufva
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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17
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McDowall D, Adams DJ, Seddon AM. Using small angle scattering to understand low molecular weight gels. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1577-1590. [PMID: 35147629 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01707a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The material properties of a gel are determined by the underpinning network that immobilises the solvent. When gels are formed by the self-assembly of small molecules into a so-called low molecular weight gel, the network is the result of the molecules forming one-dimensional objects such as fibres or nanotubes which entangle or otherwise cross-link to form a three-dimensional network. Characterising the one-dimensional objects and the network is difficult. Many conventional techniques rely on drying to probe the network, which often leads to artefacts. An effective tool to probe the gel in the solvated state is small angle scattering. Both small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) can be used. Here, we discuss these approaches and provide a tutorial review to describe how these approaches work, what opportunities there are and how the data treatment should be approached. We aim to show the power of this approach and provide enabling information to make them accessible to the non-specialist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel McDowall
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - Annela M Seddon
- School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK.
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18
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Sauty B, Santesarti G, Fleischhammer T, Lindner P, Lavrentieva A, Pepelanova I, Marino M. Enabling Technologies for Obtaining Desired Stiffness Gradients in GelMA Hydrogels Constructs. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Sauty
- Department of Mechanical Engineering ENS Paris Saclay 4 avenue des sciences Gif‐sur‐Yvette 91190 France
| | - Gianluca Santesarti
- Department of Civil Engineering and Computer Science University of Rome Tor Vergata Via del Politecnico 1 Rome 00133 Italy
| | - Tabea Fleischhammer
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University of Hannover Callinstrasse 5 Hannover 30167 Germany
| | - Patrick Lindner
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University of Hannover Callinstrasse 5 Hannover 30167 Germany
| | - Antonina Lavrentieva
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University of Hannover Callinstrasse 5 Hannover 30167 Germany
| | - Iliyana Pepelanova
- Institute of Technical Chemistry Leibniz University of Hannover Callinstrasse 5 Hannover 30167 Germany
| | - Michele Marino
- Department of Civil Engineering and Computer Science University of Rome Tor Vergata Via del Politecnico 1 Rome 00133 Italy
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19
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Kim S, Choi Y, Lee W, Kim K. Fabrication Parameter-Dependent Physico-Chemical Properties of Thiolated Gelatin/PEGDA Interpenetrating Network Hydrogels. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 19:309-319. [PMID: 34905183 PMCID: PMC8971263 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-021-00413-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of three-dimensional hydrogels using polymeric biomaterials is a key technology for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Successful tissue engineering requires the control and identification of the physicochemical properties of hydrogels. METHODS Interpenetrating network (IPN) hydrogel was developed using thiolated gelatin (GSH) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA), with the aid of ammonium persulfate (APS) and N,N,N,N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) as radical initiators. Each component was prepared in the following concentrations, respectively: 2.5 and 5% GSH (LG and HG), 12.5 and 25% PEGDA (LP and HP), 3% APS/1.5% TEMED (LI), and 4% APS/2% TEMED (HI). IPN hydrogel was fabricated by the mixing of GSH, PEGDA, and initiators in 5:4:1 volume ratios, and incubated at 37 °C for 30 min in the following 6 experimental formulations: (1) HG-LP-LI, (2) HG-LP-HI, (3) LG-HP-LI, (4) LG-HP-HI, (5) HG-HP-HI, and (6) HG-HP-LI. Herein, the physico-chemical characteristics of IPN hydrogels, including their morphological structures, hydrolytic degradation properties, mechanical properties, embedded protein release kinetics, and biocompatibility, were investigated. RESULTS The characteristics of the hydrogel were significantly manipulated by the concentration of the polymer, especially the conversion between HP and LP, rather than the concentration of the initiator, and no hydrogel formulation exhibited any toxicity to fibroblast and HaCaT cells. CONCLUSION We provide structural-physical relationships of the hydrogels by which means their physical properties could be conveniently controlled through component control, which could be versatilely utilized for various organizational engineering strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620 Korea
| | - Yunyoung Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620 Korea
| | - Wonjeong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620 Korea
| | - Kyobum Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul, 04620 Korea
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20
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Poddar D, Majood M, Singh A, Mohanty S, Jain P. Chitosan-coated pore wall polycaprolactone three-dimensional porous scaffolds fabricated by porogen leaching method for bone tissue engineering: a comparative study on blending technique to fabricate scaffolds. Prog Biomater 2021; 10:281-297. [PMID: 34825346 PMCID: PMC8633273 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-021-00172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the significant challenges in the fabrication of scaffolds for tissue engineering lies in the direct interaction of bioactive agents with cells in the scaffolds matrix, which curbs the effectiveness of bioactive agents resulting in diminished cell recognition and attachment ability of the scaffolds. Here, three-dimensional porous scaffolds were fabricated using polycaprolactone (PCL) and chitosan, by two approaches, i.e., blending and surface coating to compare their overall effectiveness. Blended scaffolds (Chi-PCL) were compared with the scaffolds fabricated using surface coating technique, where chitosan was coated on the pore wall of PCL scaffolds (C-PCL). The C-PCL exhibited a collective improvement in bioactivities of the stem cell on the scaffold, because of the cell compatible environment provided by the presence of chitosan over the scaffolds interface. The C-PCL showed the enhanced cell attachment and proliferation behavior of the scaffolds along with two-fold increase in hemolysis compatibility compared to Chi-PCL. Furthermore, the compression strength in C-PCL increased by 24.52% and 8.62% increase in total percentage porosity compared to Chi-PCL was attained. Along with this, all the bone markers showed significant upregulation in C-PCL scaffolds, which supported the surface coating technique over the conventional methods, even though the pore size of C-PCL was compromised by 19.98% compared with Chi-PCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Poddar
- Department of Chemistry, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, University of Delhi, Dwarka Sector 3, New Delhi, 110078 India
| | - Misba Majood
- Stem Cell Facility, DBT-Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Ankita Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, University of Delhi, Dwarka Sector 3, New Delhi, 110078 India
| | - Sujata Mohanty
- Stem Cell Facility, DBT-Centre of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Purnima Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, University of Delhi, Dwarka Sector 3, New Delhi, 110078 India
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21
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Zhang N, Wang Y, Zhang J, Guo J, He J. Controlled domain gels with a biomimetic gradient environment for osteochondral tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:304-317. [PMID: 34454084 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to repair an osteochondral defect, it is critical to advance a bi-lineage constructive scaffold with gradient transition. In this study, we developed a simple and straightforward approach for fabricating a multi-domain gel scaffold through the assembly/disassembly of low-molecular-weight gels (LMWGs) inside a stable PEGDA network by photopolymerization. The versatility of this technology enabled to vary biological, topological, and mechanical properties through material selection and to generate a chondrogenic-osteogenic gradient transition. The multi-domain gel exhibited an increasing stiffness gradient along the longitudinal direction from the cartilage layer at approximately 20 kPa to the bone layer at approximately 300 kPa as well as spatial variation at the gradient interface. Moreover, the transitional layer with a condensed structure and intermediate stiffness prevented delamination of the contrasting layers and maintained microenvironmental differences in the upper and lower layers. The in vitro results indicated that each domain had an individual capacity to spatially control the differentiation of MSCs toward osteoblastic lineage and chondrocytic lineage. This was mainly because the mechanical and topographical cues from the respective domains played an important role in modulating the Rho-ROCK signaling pathway, whereas the blockage of ROCK signals significantly impaired domain-modulated osteogenesis and enhanced chondrogenesis. Additionally, the quantity and quality of osteochondral repair were evaluated at 4 and 8 weeks through histological analysis and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). The results indicated that the multi-domain gels distinctly improved the regeneration of subchondral bone and cartilage tissues. Overall, the outcomes of this study can motivate future bioinspired gradient and heterogeneity strategies for osteochondral tissue regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The regeneration of osteochondral defects remains a major challenge due to the complexity of osteochondral structure and the limited self-repair capacity of cartilage. The gradient design to mimic the transition between the calcified cartilage and the subchondral bone plate as well as the zones of cartilage is an effective strategy. In this study, controlled multi-domain gels were fabricated through the assembly/disassembly of low-molecular-weight gels inside a stable PEGDA network by photopolymerization. The prepared multi-domain gels showed a chondrogenic-osteogenic gradient transition, which decreased the possibility of delamination and stimulated osteochondral tissue regeneration in vivo. Overall, our study promotes new strategies of bioinspired gradients and heterogeneities for more challenging applications.
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22
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Walczak PA, Perez-Esteban P, Bassett DC, Hill EJ. Modelling the central nervous system: tissue engineering of the cellular microenvironment. Emerg Top Life Sci 2021; 5:507-517. [PMID: 34524411 PMCID: PMC8589431 DOI: 10.1042/etls20210245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases, improved models of the central nervous system (CNS) will improve our understanding of neurophysiology and pathogenesis, whilst enabling exploration of novel therapeutics. Studies of brain physiology have largely been carried out using in vivo models, ex vivo brain slices or primary cell culture from rodents. Whilst these models have provided great insight into complex interactions between brain cell types, key differences remain between human and rodent brains, such as degree of cortical complexity. Unfortunately, comparative models of human brain tissue are lacking. The development of induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) has accelerated advancement within the field of in vitro tissue modelling. However, despite generating accurate cellular representations of cortical development and disease, two-dimensional (2D) iPSC-derived cultures lack an entire dimension of environmental information on structure, migration, polarity, neuronal circuitry and spatiotemporal organisation of cells. As such, researchers look to tissue engineering in order to develop advanced biomaterials and culture systems capable of providing necessary cues for guiding cell fates, to construct in vitro model systems with increased biological relevance. This review highlights experimental methods for engineering of in vitro culture systems to recapitulate the complexity of the CNS with consideration given to previously unexploited biophysical cues within the cellular microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige A. Walczak
- College of Health and Life Sciences, School of Biosciences, Aston University, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Patricia Perez-Esteban
- College of Health and Life Sciences, School of Biosciences, Aston University, Birmingham, U.K
| | - David C. Bassett
- Healthcare Technologies Institute, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K
| | - Eric James Hill
- College of Health and Life Sciences, School of Biosciences, Aston University, Birmingham, U.K
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23
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Zhang C, Wu H, Chen J, Zhu P, Gao C. La
3+
modified poly(γ‐glutamic acid) hydrogels with high strength and anti‐swelling property for cartilage regeneration. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Hailin Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Peizhi Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
| | - Chunxia Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou China
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24
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Kahl M, Schneidereit D, Bock N, Friedrich O, Hutmacher DW, Meinert C. MechAnalyze: An Algorithm for Standardization and Automation of Compression Test Analysis. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2021; 27:529-542. [PMID: 34541882 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2021.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanical properties of hydrogels, as well as native and engineered tissues are key parameters frequently assessed in biomaterial science and tissue engineering research. However, a lack of standardized methods and user-independent data analysis has impacted the research community for many decades and contributes to poor reproducibility and comparability of datasets, representing a significant issue often neglected in publications. In this study, we provide a software package, MechAnalyze, facilitating the standardized and automated analysis of force-displacement data generated in unconfined compression tests. Using comparative studies of datasets analyzed manually and with MechAnalyze, we demonstrate that the software reliably determines the compressive moduli, failure stress and failure strain of hydrogels, as well as engineered and native tissues, while providing an intuitive user interface that requires minimal user input. MechAnalyze provides a fast and user-independent data analysis method and advances process standardization, reproducibility, and comparability of data for the mechanical characterization of biomaterials as well as native and engineered tissues. Impact statement Mechanical properties of hydrogels are crucial parameters in the development of new materials for tissue engineering. However, manual assessment is tedious, not standardized and suffers under user-to-user bias. Hence, the here presented stand-alone software package provides analysis and statistics of force-displacement and material geometry data to determine the compressive moduli, failure stress, and failure strain in a standardized, robust, and automated fashion. MechAnalyze will substantially support biomechanical testing of hydrogels as well as engineered and native tissues and will thus, be of appreciable value to a broad target group in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, but also life sciences and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Kahl
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dominik Schneidereit
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nathalie Bock
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Science and Engineering Faculty, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Dietmar W Hutmacher
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Science and Engineering Faculty, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,ARC ITTC in Additive Biomanufacturing, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Christoph Meinert
- Centre in Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Centre for Biomedical Technologies, Science and Engineering Faculty, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Herston Biofabrication Institute, Metro North Hospital and Health Services, Brisbane, Australia
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25
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Li Z, Bratlie KM. Macrophage Phenotypic Changes on FN-Coated Physical Gradient Hydrogels. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6758-6768. [PMID: 35006977 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The chemical and physical properties are two crucial cues when designing tissue engineering scaffold to mimic living tissue. Macrophages, the major players in the immune response, react rapidly to microenvironmental signals, including gradients of physical or chemical cues. Spatiotemporal gradients can modulate cell behavior, such as polarization, proliferation, and adhesion. Here, we studied macrophage phenotypic changes on untreated and fibronectin (FN)-coated methacrylated gellan gum with varying stiffnesses. The compressive moduli of hydrogel with different stiffnesses ranged from ∼5 to 30 kPa. Fibronectin was chemically attached to the substrate to facilitate macrophage proliferation, adhesion, and polarization. Classically (M1) and alternatively (M2) activated macrophages were cultured on both untreated and FN-coated gels. FN-coated substrates elevated cell numbers and enhanced macrophage spreading. The urea/nitrite ratio indicated that untreated rigid substrates shifted both polarizations toward a more proinflammatory phenotype. FN-coated substrates had no impact on M1 polarization. In contrast, FN-coated stiffer gels polarized M2 cells toward an anti-proinflammatory state based on arginine activity and CD206 expression. In addition, macrophage polarization on the softer gel was not influenced by the neighboring cells cultured on the stiffer side of the gel. Using mechanical gradients to control macrophage polarization can be a useful tool in ensuring a proper healing response and for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Li
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Kaitlin M Bratlie
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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26
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Sakaguchi K, Tobe Y, Yang J, Tanaka RI, Yamanaka K, Ono J, Shimizu T. Bioengineering of a scaffold-less three-dimensional tissue using net mould. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 34488209 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac23e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering has attracted attention worldwide because of its application in regenerative medicine, drug screening, and cultured meat. Numerous biofabrication techniques for producing tissues have been developed, including various scaffold and printing methods. Here, we have proposed a novel tissue engineering method using a net metal mould without the use of a scaffold. Briefly, normal human dermal fibroblasts seeded on a dimple plate were subjected to static culture technique for several days to form spheroids. Spheroids of diameter ⩾200μm were poured into a net-shaped mould of gap ⩽100μm and subjected to shake-cultivation for several weeks, facilitating their fusion to form a three-dimensional (3D) tissue. Through this study, we successfully constructed a scaffold-free 3D tissue having strength that can be easily manipulated, which was difficult to construct using conventional tissue engineering methods. We also investigated the viability of the 3D tissue and found that the condition of the tissues was completely different depending on the culture media used. Collectively, this method allows scaffold-free culture of 3D tissues of unprecedented thickness, and may contribute largely to next-generation tissue engineering products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhisa Sakaguchi
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, TWIns, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tobe
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, TWIns, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Jiayue Yang
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, TWIns, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Ryu-Ichiro Tanaka
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yamanaka
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Jiro Ono
- TissueByNet Corporation, 24-27-804 Iwafuchi-machi, Kita-ku, Tokyo 115-0041, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Shimizu
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, TWIns, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
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27
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Grubb ML, Caliari SR. Fabrication approaches for high-throughput and biomimetic disease modeling. Acta Biomater 2021; 132:52-82. [PMID: 33716174 PMCID: PMC8433272 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is often a tradeoff between in vitro disease modeling platforms that capture pathophysiologic complexity and those that are amenable to high-throughput fabrication and analysis. However, this divide is closing through the application of a handful of fabrication approaches-parallel fabrication, automation, and flow-driven assembly-to design sophisticated cellular and biomaterial systems. The purpose of this review is to highlight methods for the fabrication of high-throughput biomaterial-based platforms and showcase examples that demonstrate their utility over a range of throughput and complexity. We conclude with a discussion of future considerations for the continued development of higher-throughput in vitro platforms that capture the appropriate level of biological complexity for the desired application. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: There is a pressing need for new biomedical tools to study and understand disease. These platforms should mimic the complex properties of the body while also permitting investigation of many combinations of cells, extracellular cues, and/or therapeutics in high-throughput. This review summarizes emerging strategies to fabricate biomimetic disease models that bridge the gap between complex tissue-mimicking microenvironments and high-throughput screens for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie L Grubb
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Unites States
| | - Steven R Caliari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Unites States; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Unites States.
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28
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Jayathilaka PB, Molley TG, Huang Y, Islam MS, Buche MR, Silberstein MN, Kruzic JJ, Kilian KA. Force-mediated molecule release from double network hydrogels. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8484-8487. [PMID: 34350435 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02726c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of mechanosensitive linkages into polymers has led to materials with dynamic force responsivity. Here we report oxanorbornadiene cross-linked double network hydrogels that release molecules through a force-mediated retro Diels-Alder reaction. The molecular design and tough double network of polyacrylamide and alginate promote significantly higher activation at substantially less force than pure polymer systems. Activation at physiologically relevant forces provides scope for instilling dynamic mechanochemical behavior in soft biological materials.
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29
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A Chitosan-Agarose Polysaccharide-Based Hydrogel for Biomimetic Remineralization of Dental Enamel. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11081137. [PMID: 34439803 PMCID: PMC8392529 DOI: 10.3390/biom11081137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing multifunctional systems for the biomimetic remineralization of human enamel is a challenging task, since hydroxyapatite (HAP) rod structures of tooth enamel are difficult to replicate artificially. The paper presents the first report on the simultaneous use of chitosan (CS) and agarose (A) in a biopolymer-based hydrogel for the biomimetic remineralization of an acid-etched native enamel surface during 4–10-day immersion in artificial saliva with or without (control group) fluoride. Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction, and microhardness tests were applied to investigate the properties of the acid-etched and remineralized dental enamel layers under A and CS-A hydrogels. The results show that all biomimetic epitaxial reconstructed layers consist mostly of a similar hierarchical HAP structure to the native enamel from nano- to microscale. An analogous Ca/P ratio (1.64) to natural tooth enamel and microhardness recovery of 77.4% of the enamel-like layer are obtained by a 7-day remineralization process in artificial saliva under CS-A hydrogels. The CS component reduced carbonation and moderated the formation of HAP nanorods in addition to providing an extracellular matrix to support growing enamel-like structures. Such activity lacked in samples exposed to A-hydrogel only. These data suggest the potential of the CS-A hydrogel in guiding the formation of hard tissues as dental enamel.
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30
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Chen Y, Song J, Wang S, Liu W. PVA-Based Hydrogels: Promising Candidates for Articular Cartilage Repair. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100147. [PMID: 34272821 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The complex, gradient physiological structure of articular cartilage is a severe hindrance of its self-repair, leaving the clinical treatment of cartilage defects a demanding issue to be addressed. Currently applied tissue engineering treatments and traditional non-tissue engineering treatments have different limitations, for example, cell dedifferentiation, immune rejection, and prosthesis-related complications. Thus, studies have been focusing on seeking promising candidates for novel cartilage repair methods. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels with excellent biocompatibility and tunable material properties have become the alternatives. For pure PVA hydrogels, the mechanical strength and lubricity are not capable of replacing articular cartilage until proper modifications are done. This paper summarizes the research progress in PVA hydrogels, including the preparation, modification, and cartilage-repair-aimed biomimetic improvements. Design guidance of PVA hydrogels is put forward as assistance to functional hydrogel preparation. Finally, the prospects and main obstacles of PVA hydrogels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuru Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jian Song
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Song Wang
- Biomechanics and Biotechnology Lab, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Weiqiang Liu
- Biomechanics and Biotechnology Lab, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518057, China.,Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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31
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Lei R, Akins EA, Wong KCY, Repina NA, Wolf KJ, Dempsey GE, Schaffer DV, Stahl A, Kumar S. Multiwell Combinatorial Hydrogel Array for High-Throughput Analysis of Cell-ECM Interactions. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2453-2465. [PMID: 34028263 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Biophysical cues in the extracellular matrix (ECM) regulate cell behavior in a complex, nonlinear, and interdependent manner. To quantify these important regulatory relationships and gain a comprehensive understanding of mechanotransduction, there is a need for high-throughput matrix platforms that enable parallel culture and analysis of cells in various matrix conditions. Here we describe a multiwell hyaluronic acid (HA) platform in which cells are cultured on combinatorial arrays of hydrogels spanning a range of elasticities and adhesivities. Our strategy utilizes orthogonal photopatterning of stiffness and adhesivity gradients, with the stiffness gradient implemented by a programmable light illumination system. The resulting platform allows individual treatment and analysis of each matrix environment while eliminating contributions of haptotaxis and durotaxis. In human mesenchymal stem cells, our platform recapitulates expected relationships between matrix stiffness, adhesivity, and cell mechanosensing. We further applied the platform to show that as integrin ligand density falls, cell adhesion and migration depend more strongly on CD44-mediated interactions with the HA backbone. We anticipate that our system could bear great value for mechanistic discovery and screening where matrix mechanics and adhesivity are expected to influence phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxing Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Latimer Hall, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanley Hall, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Erin A Akins
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanley Hall, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,University of California, Berkeley - University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Stanley Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kelly C Y Wong
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanley Hall, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nicole A Repina
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanley Hall, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,University of California, Berkeley - University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Stanley Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kayla J Wolf
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanley Hall, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,University of California, Berkeley - University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Stanley Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Garrett E Dempsey
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Morgan Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - David V Schaffer
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanley Hall, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,University of California, Berkeley - University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Stanley Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Life Sciences Addition, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Gilman Hall, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Andreas Stahl
- University of California, Berkeley - University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Stanley Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, Morgan Hall, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanley Hall, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,University of California, Berkeley - University of California, San Francisco Graduate Program in Bioengineering, Stanley Hall, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Gilman Hall, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, Byers Hall, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
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32
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Vajda J, Milojević M, Maver U, Vihar B. Microvascular Tissue Engineering-A Review. Biomedicines 2021; 9:589. [PMID: 34064101 PMCID: PMC8224375 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have come a long way in recent decades, but the lack of functioning vasculature is still a major obstacle preventing the development of thicker, physiologically relevant tissue constructs. A large part of this obstacle lies in the development of the vessels on a microscale-the microvasculature-that are crucial for oxygen and nutrient delivery. In this review, we present the state of the art in the field of microvascular tissue engineering and demonstrate the challenges for future research in various sections of the field. Finally, we illustrate the potential strategies for addressing some of those challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jernej Vajda
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (J.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Marko Milojević
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (J.V.); (M.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Uroš Maver
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (J.V.); (M.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Boštjan Vihar
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (J.V.); (M.M.)
- IRNAS Ltd., Limbuška cesta 78b, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
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33
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Dey K, Roca E, Ramorino G, Sartore L. Progress in the mechanical modulation of cell functions in tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2021; 8:7033-7081. [PMID: 33150878 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01255f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, mechanics at multiple stages-nucleus to cell to ECM-underlie multiple physiological and pathological functions from its development to reproduction to death. Under this inspiration, substantial research has established the role of multiple aspects of mechanics in regulating fundamental cellular processes, including spreading, migration, growth, proliferation, and differentiation. However, our understanding of how these mechanical mechanisms are orchestrated or tuned at different stages to maintain or restore the healthy environment at the tissue or organ level remains largely a mystery. Over the past few decades, research in the mechanical manipulation of the surrounding environment-known as substrate or matrix or scaffold on which, or within which, cells are seeded-has been exceptionally enriched in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. To do so, traditional tissue engineering aims at recapitulating key mechanical milestones of native ECM into a substrate for guiding the cell fate and functions towards specific tissue regeneration. Despite tremendous progress, a big puzzle that remains is how the cells compute a host of mechanical cues, such as stiffness (elasticity), viscoelasticity, plasticity, non-linear elasticity, anisotropy, mechanical forces, and mechanical memory, into many biological functions in a cooperative, controlled, and safe manner. High throughput understanding of key cellular decisions as well as associated mechanosensitive downstream signaling pathway(s) for executing these decisions in response to mechanical cues, solo or combined, is essential to address this issue. While many reports have been made towards the progress and understanding of mechanical cues-particularly, substrate bulk stiffness and viscoelasticity-in regulating the cellular responses, a complete picture of mechanical cues is lacking. This review highlights a comprehensive view on the mechanical cues that are linked to modulate many cellular functions and consequent tissue functionality. For a very basic understanding, a brief discussion of the key mechanical players of ECM and the principle of mechanotransduction process is outlined. In addition, this review gathers together the most important data on the stiffness of various cells and ECM components as well as various tissues/organs and proposes an associated link from the mechanical perspective that is not yet reported. Finally, beyond addressing the challenges involved in tuning the interplaying mechanical cues in an independent manner, emerging advances in designing biomaterials for tissue engineering are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamol Dey
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh
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34
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Xavier Mendes A, Moraes Silva S, O'Connell CD, Duchi S, Quigley AF, Kapsa RMI, Moulton SE. Enhanced Electroactivity, Mechanical Properties, and Printability through the Addition of Graphene Oxide to Photo-Cross-linkable Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2279-2295. [PMID: 33956434 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The human tissues most sensitive to electrical activity such as neural and muscle tissues are relatively soft, and yet traditional conductive materials used to interface with them are typically stiffer by many orders of magnitude. Overcoming this mismatch, by creating both very soft and electroactive materials, is a major challenge in bioelectronics and biomaterials science. One strategy is to imbue soft materials, such as hydrogels, with electroactive properties by adding small amounts of highly conductive nanomaterials. However, electroactive hydrogels reported to date have required relatively large volume fractions (>1%) of added nanomaterial, have shown only modest electroactivity, and have not been processable via additive manufacturing to create 3D architectures. Here, we describe the development and characterization of improved biocompatible photo-cross-linkable soft hybrid electroactive hydrogels based on gelatin methacryloyol (GelMA) and large area graphene oxide (GO) flakes, which resolve each of these three limitations. The addition of very small amounts (less than a 0.07% volume fraction) of GO to a 5% w/v GelMA hydrogel resulted in a dramatic (∼35-fold) decrease in the impedance at 1 Hz compared with GelMA alone. The GelMA/GO coated indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode also showed a considerable reduction in the impedance at 1 kHz (down to 170 Ω compared with 340 Ω for the GelMA-coated ITO), while charge injection capacity increased more than 6-fold. We attribute this enhanced electroactivity to the increased electroactive surface area contributed by the GO. Despite this dramatic change in electroactivity, the GelMA/GO composite hydrogels' mechanical properties were only moderately affected. Mechanical properties increased by ∼2-fold, and therefore, the hydrogels' desired softness of <4 kPa was retained. Also, we demonstrate how light attenuation through the gel can be used to create a stiffness gradient with the exposed surface of the gel having an elastic modulus of <1.5 kPa. GO addition also enhanced the rheological properties of the GelMA composites, thus facilitating 3D extrusion printing. GelMA/GO enhanced filament formation as well as improved printability and the shape fidelity/integrity of 3D printed structures compared with GelMA alone. Additionally, the GelMA/GO 3D printed structures presented a higher electroactive behavior than nonprinted samples containing the same GelMA/GO amount, which can be attributed to the higher electroactive surface area of 3D printed structures. These findings provide new rational choices of electroactive hydrogel (EAH) compositions with broad potential applications in bioelectronics, tissue engineering, and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Xavier Mendes
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Saimon Moraes Silva
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Cathal D O'Connell
- School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Serena Duchi
- The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Anita F Quigley
- School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Robert M I Kapsa
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,School of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - Simon E Moulton
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia.,The Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3065, Australia.,Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
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35
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Influence of varying concentrations of chitosan coating on the pore wall of polycaprolactone based porous scaffolds for tissue engineering application. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 259:117501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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36
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Dura G, Crespo-Cuadrado M, Waller H, Peters DT, Ferreira AM, Lakey JH, Fulton DA. Hydrogels of engineered bacterial fimbriae can finely tune 2D human cell culture. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2542-2552. [PMID: 33571331 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01966f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Demand continues to grow for biomimetic materials able to create well-defined environments for modulating the behaviour of living cells in culture. Here, we describe hydrogels based upon the polymeric bacterial fimbriae protein capsular antigen fragment 1 (Caf1) that presents tunable biological properties for enhanced tissue cell culture applications. We demonstrate how Caf1 hydrogels can regulate cellular functions such as spreading, proliferation and matrix deposition of human dermal fibroblast cells (hDFBs). Caf1 hydrogels exploring a range of mechanical properties were prepared using copolymers featuring controlled compositions of inert wild-type Caf1 subunits and a mutant subunit displaying the RGDS peptide motif. The hydrogels showed excellent cytocompatibility with hDFBs and the ability to modulate both cell morphology and matrix deposition. Interestingly, Caf1 hydrogels displaying faster stress relaxation were demonstrated to show the highest metabolic activities of growing cells in comparison with other Caf1 hydrogel formulations. The stiffest Caf1 hydrogel impacted cellular morphology, inducing alignment of the cells. This work is significant as it clearly indicates that Caf1-based hydrogels offer tuneable biochemical and mechanical substrates conditions suitable for cell culture applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Dura
- Chemical Nanoscience Laboratory, Chemistry-School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.
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37
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Agarwal T, Onesto V, Lamboni L, Ansari A, Maiti TK, Makvandi P, Vosough M, Yang G. Engineering biomimetic intestinal topological features in 3D tissue models: retrospects and prospects. Biodes Manuf 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42242-020-00120-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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38
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Davis S, Roldo M, Blunn G, Tozzi G, Roncada T. Influence of the Mechanical Environment on the Regeneration of Osteochondral Defects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:603408. [PMID: 33585430 PMCID: PMC7873466 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.603408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is a highly specialised connective tissue of diarthrodial joints which provides a smooth, lubricated surface for joint articulation and plays a crucial role in the transmission of loads. In vivo cartilage is subjected to mechanical stimuli that are essential for cartilage development and the maintenance of a chondrocytic phenotype. Cartilage damage caused by traumatic injuries, ageing, or degradative diseases leads to impaired loading resistance and progressive degeneration of both the articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone. Since the tissue has limited self-repairing capacity due its avascular nature, restoration of its mechanical properties is still a major challenge. Tissue engineering techniques have the potential to heal osteochondral defects using a combination of stem cells, growth factors, and biomaterials that could produce a biomechanically functional tissue, representative of native hyaline cartilage. However, current clinical approaches fail to repair full-thickness defects that include the underlying subchondral bone. Moreover, when tested in vivo, current tissue-engineered grafts show limited capacity to regenerate the damaged tissue due to poor integration with host cartilage and the failure to retain structural integrity after insertion, resulting in reduced mechanical function. The aim of this review is to examine the optimal characteristics of osteochondral scaffolds. Additionally, an overview on the latest biomaterials potentially able to replicate the natural mechanical environment of articular cartilage and their role in maintaining mechanical cues to drive chondrogenesis will be detailed, as well as the overall mechanical performance of grafts engineered using different technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Davis
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Marta Roldo
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon Blunn
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Gianluca Tozzi
- Zeiss Global Centre, School of Mechanical and Design Engineering, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Tosca Roncada
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
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39
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Gao Z, Hassouneh L, Yang X, Pang J, Thornton PD, Tronci G. Hydrogen phosphate-mediated acellular biomineralisation within a dual crosslinked hyaluronic acid hydrogel. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.110187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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40
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Entezari A, Swain MV, Gooding JJ, Roohani I, Li Q. A modular design strategy to integrate mechanotransduction concepts in scaffold-based bone tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2020; 118:100-112. [PMID: 33059100 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Repair or regeneration of load-bearing bones has long been an incentive for the tissue engineering community to develop a plethora of synthetic bone scaffolds. Despite the key role of physical forces and the mechanical environment in bone regeneration, the mechanotransduction concept has rarely been incorporated in structural design of bone tissue scaffolds, particularly those made of bioactive materials such as hydrogels and bioceramics. Herein, we introduce a modular design strategy to fabricate a load bearing device that can support a wide range of hydrogel- and ceramic-based scaffolds against complex in-vivo loading conditions to induce desirable mechanical strains for bone regeneration within the scaffolds. The device is comprised of a fenestrated polymeric shell and ceramic structural pillars arranged in a sophisticated configuration to provide ample internal space for the scaffold, also enabling it to purposely regulate the levels of strains and stresses within the scaffolds. Utilizing this top-down design approach, we demonstrate that the failure load of alginate hydrogels increases 3200-fold in compression, 300-fold in shear and 75-fold in impact, achieving the values that enable them to withstand physiological loads in weight-bearing sites, while allowing generation of osteoinductive strains (i.e., 0.2-0.4%) in the hydrogel. This modular design approach opens a broad range of opportunities to utilize various bioactive but mechanically weak scaffolds for the treatment of load-bearing defects and exploiting mechanobiology strategies to improve bone regeneration.
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41
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Lei R, Kumar S. Getting the big picture of cell-matrix interactions: High-throughput biomaterial platforms and systems-level measurements. CURRENT OPINION IN SOLID STATE & MATERIALS SCIENCE 2020; 24:100871. [PMID: 33244294 PMCID: PMC7685248 DOI: 10.1016/j.cossms.2020.100871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Living cells interact with the extracellular matrix (ECM) in a complex and reciprocal manner. Much has been learned over the past few decades about cell-ECM interactions from targeted studies in which a specific matrix parameter (e.g. stiffness, adhesivity) has been varied across a few discrete values, or in which the level or activity of a protein is controlled in an isolated fashion. As the field moves forward, there is growing interest in addressing cell-matrix interactions from a systems perspective, which has spurred a new generation of matrix platforms capable of interrogating multiple ECM inputs in a combinatorial and parallelized fashion. Efforts are also actively underway to integrate specialized, synthetic ECM platforms with global measures of cell behaviors, including at the transcriptomic, proteomic and epigenomic levels. Here we review recent advances in both areas. We describe how new combinatorial ECM technologies are revealing unexpected crosstalk and nonlinearity in the relationship between cell phenotype and matrix properties. Similarly, efforts to integrate "omics" measurements with synthetic ECM platforms are illuminating how ECM properties can control cell biology in surprising and functionally important ways. We expect that advances in both areas will deepen the field's understanding of cell-ECM interactions and offer valuable insight into the design of biomaterials for specific biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoxing Lei
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720
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42
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Ozpinar EW, Frey AL, Arthur GK, Mora-Navarro C, Biehl A, Snider DB, Cruse G, Freytes DO. Dermal Extracellular Matrix-Derived Hydrogels as an In Vitro Substrate to Study Mast Cell Maturation. Tissue Eng Part A 2020; 27:1008-1022. [PMID: 33003982 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2020.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) are pro-inflammatory tissue-resident immune cells that play a key role in inflammation. MCs circulate in peripheral blood as progenitors and undergo terminal differentiation in the tissue microenvironment where they can remain for many years. This in situ maturation results in tissue- and species-specific MC phenotypes, culminating in significant variability in response to environmental stimuli. There are many challenges associated with studying mature tissue-derived MCs, particularly in humans. In cases where cultured MCs are able to differentiate in two-dimensional in vitro cultures, there remains an inability for full maturation. Extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds provide for a more physiologically relevant environment for cells in vitro and have been shown to modulate the response of other immune cells such as T cells, monocytes, and macrophages. To improve current in vitro testing platforms of MCs and to assess future use of ECM scaffolds for MC regulation, we studied the in vitro response of human MCs cultured on decellularized porcine dermis hydrogels (dermis extracellular matrix hydrogel [dECM-H]). This study investigated the effect of dECM-H on cellular metabolic activity, cell viability, and receptor expression compared to collagen type I hydrogel (Collagen-H). Human MCs showed different metabolic activity when cultured in the dECM-H and also upregulated immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptors associated with MC maturation/activation compared to collagen type I. These results suggest an overall benefit in the long-term culture of human MCs in the dECM-H compared to Collagen-H providing important steps toward a model that is more representative of in vivo conditions. Graphical abstract [Formula: see text] Impact statement Mast cells (MCs) are difficult to culture in vitro as current culture conditions and substrates fail to promote similar phenotypic features observed in vivo. Extracellular matrix (ECM)-based biomaterials offer three-dimensional, tissue-specific environments that more closely resemble in vivo conditions. Our study explores the use of dermal ECM hydrogels for MC culture and shows significant upregulation of metabolic activity, cell viability, and gene expression of markers associated with MC maturation or activation compared to collagen type I-hydrogel and tissue culture plastic controls at 7 days. These results are among the first to describe MC behavior in response to ECM hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily W Ozpinar
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,The Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ariana L Frey
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Greer K Arthur
- The Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Population Heath and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Camilo Mora-Navarro
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,The Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Andreea Biehl
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,The Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Douglas B Snider
- The Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Glenn Cruse
- The Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Donald O Freytes
- The Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.,The Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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43
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Zhu H, Yang H, Ma Y, Lu TJ, Xu F, Genin GM, Lin M. Spatiotemporally Controlled Photoresponsive Hydrogels: Design and Predictive Modeling from Processing through Application. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:2000639. [PMID: 32802013 PMCID: PMC7418561 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202000639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Photoresponsive hydrogels (PRHs) are soft materials whose mechanical and chemical properties can be tuned spatially and temporally with relative ease. Both photo-crosslinkable and photodegradable hydrogels find utility in a range of biomedical applications that require tissue-like properties or programmable responses. Progress in engineering with PRHs is facilitated by the development of theoretical tools that enable optimization of their photochemistry, polymer matrices, nanofillers, and architecture. This review brings together models and design principles that enable key applications of PRHs in tissue engineering, drug delivery, and soft robotics, and highlights ongoing challenges in both modeling and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of EducationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC)Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Haiqian Yang
- Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC)Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Yufei Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of EducationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC)Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Tian Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical StructuresNanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing210016P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Multifunctional Materials and StructuresXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of EducationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC)Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
| | - Guy M. Genin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of EducationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC)Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials ScienceWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMO63130USA
- NSF Science and Technology Center for Engineering MechanobiologyWashington University in St. LouisSt. LouisMO63130USA
| | - Min Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of EducationSchool of Life Science and TechnologyXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering & Biomechanics Center (BEBC)Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049P. R. China
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44
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Chen P, Li L, Dong L, Wang S, Huang Z, Qian Y, Wang C, Liu W, Yang L. Gradient Biomineralized Silk Fibroin Nanofibrous Scaffold with Osteochondral Inductivity for Integration of Tendon to Bone. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 7:841-851. [PMID: 33715375 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Enthesis injury repair remains a huge challenge because of the unique biomolecular composition, microstructure, and mechanics in the interfacial region. Surgical reconstruction often creates new bone-scaffold interfaces with mismatched properties, resulting in poor osseointegration. To mimic the natural interface tissue structures and properties, we fabricated a nanofibrous scaffold with gradient mineral coating based on 10 × simulated body fluid (SBF) and silk fibroin (SF). We then characterized the physicochemical properties of the scaffold and evaluated its biological functions both in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that different areas of SF nanofibrous scaffold had varying levels of mineralization with disparate mechanical properties and had different effects on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell growth and differentiation. Furthermore, the gradient scaffolds exhibited an enhancement of integration in the tendon-to-bone interface with a higher ultimate load and more fibrocartilage-like tissue formation. These findings demonstrate that the silk-based nanofibrous scaffold with gradient mineral coating can regulate the formation of interfacial tissue and has the potential to be applied in interface tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Linhao Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Lili Dong
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Sixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Yuna Qian
- Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials & Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, P. R. China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Wanqian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
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45
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Lavrentieva A, Fleischhammer T, Enders A, Pirmahboub H, Bahnemann J, Pepelanova I. Fabrication of Stiffness Gradients of GelMA Hydrogels Using a 3D Printed Micromixer. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e2000107. [PMID: 32537875 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Many properties in both healthy and pathological tissues are highly influenced by the mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix. Stiffness gradient hydrogels are frequently used for exploring these complex relationships in mechanobiology. In this study, the fabrication of a simple, cost-efficient, and versatile system is reported for creation of stiffness gradients from photoactive hydrogels like gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA). The setup includes syringe pumps for gradient generation and a 3D printed microfluidic device for homogenous mixing of GelMA precursors with different crosslinker concentration. The stiffness gradient is investigated by using rheology. A co-culture consisting of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCs) and human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) is encapsulated in the gradient construct. It is possible to locate the stiffness ranges at which the studied cells displayed specific spreading morphology and migration rates. With the help of the described system, variable mechanical gradient constructs can be created and optimal 3D cell culture conditions can be experientially identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Lavrentieva
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, Hannover, 30167, Germany
| | - Tabea Fleischhammer
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, Hannover, 30167, Germany
| | - Anton Enders
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, Hannover, 30167, Germany
| | - Hamidreza Pirmahboub
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Herrenhäuser Str. 2, Hannover, 30419, Germany
| | - Janina Bahnemann
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, Hannover, 30167, Germany
| | - Iliyana Pepelanova
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Leibniz University of Hannover, Callinstrasse 5, Hannover, 30167, Germany
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46
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Gou S, Xie D, Ma Y, Huang Y, Dai F, Wang C, Xiao B. Injectable, Thixotropic, and Multiresponsive Silk Fibroin Hydrogel for Localized and Synergistic Tumor Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:1052-1063. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangquan Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Dengchao Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Ya Ma
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Yamei Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Fangyin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
| | - Chenhui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, No. 55 South Daxuecheng Road, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Bo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China
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47
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Mauri E, Rossetti A, Mozetic P, Schiavon C, Sacchetti A, Rainer A, Rossi F. Ester coupling of ibuprofen in hydrogel matrix: A facile one-step strategy for controlled anti-inflammatory drug release. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 146:143-149. [PMID: 31726217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ibuprofen (IBU) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used in the treatment of pain, fever and inflammation. However, the administration of IBU in its free carboxylic acid form is strongly dependent on its limited solubility in aqueous solution. This mandates for an increased drug concentration to reach the therapeutic window, and promotes the alternative use of IBU sodium salt, even if this latter form poses significant constraints in terms of tunable release due to its uncontrolled and rapid diffusion. A potential solution is represented by oral administration through physical encapsulation of ibuprofen in designed carriers, despite this route limits the application of this therapeutic agent. In this work, we propose the covalent tethering of ibuprofen to a hydrogel matrix via esterification reaction. Exploiting the cleavability of the ester bond under physiological conditions, we propose a controlled drug delivery system where the whole drug payload can be released, thus overcoming the questioned aspects of over-dosage and solubility-dependent administration. In particular, we tested the biological activity of cleaved ibuprofen in terms of cyclooxygenase inhibition, reporting that chemical tethering did not alter the efficiency of the NSAID. Moreover, due to the sol-gel transition of the hydrogel matrix, these ibuprofen-functionalized hydrogels could be used as injectable tools in several clinical scenarios, performing a localized drug release and opening advanced avenues for in situ treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Mauri
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy; Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Rossetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Pamela Mozetic
- Center for Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 929/56, 60200 Brno, Czechia
| | - Chiara Schiavon
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sacchetti
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Rainer
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy.
| | - Filippo Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via L. Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy.
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48
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d'Angelo M, Benedetti E, Tupone MG, Catanesi M, Castelli V, Antonosante A, Cimini A. The Role of Stiffness in Cell Reprogramming: A Potential Role for Biomaterials in Inducing Tissue Regeneration. Cells 2019; 8:E1036. [PMID: 31491966 PMCID: PMC6770247 DOI: 10.3390/cells8091036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanotransduction is the process by which cells sense mechanical stimuli such as elasticity, viscosity, and nanotopography of extracellular matrix and translate them into biochemical signals. The mechanotransduction regulates several aspects of the cell behavior, including migration, proliferation, and differentiation in a time-dependent manner. Several reports have indicated that cell behavior and fate are not transmitted by a single signal, but rather by an intricate network of many signals operating on different length and timescales that determine cell fate. Since cell biology and biomaterial technology are fundamentals in cell-based regenerative therapies, comprehending the interaction between cells and biomaterials may allow the design of new biomaterials for clinical therapeutic applications in tissue regeneration. In this work, we present the most relevant mechanism by which the biomechanical properties of extracellular matrix (ECM) influence cell reprogramming, with particular attention on the new technologies and materials engineering, in which are taken into account not only the biochemical and biophysical signals patterns but also the factor time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele d'Angelo
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Benedetti
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Tupone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Mariano Catanesi
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Andrea Antonosante
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Annamaria Cimini
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
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He XT, Li X, Xia Y, Yin Y, Wu RX, Sun HH, Chen FM. Building capacity for macrophage modulation and stem cell recruitment in high-stiffness hydrogels for complex periodontal regeneration: Experimental studies in vitro and in rats. Acta Biomater 2019; 88:162-180. [PMID: 30735811 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we found that although high-stiffness matrices stimulated osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs), the macrophages (Mφs) in high-stiffness transglutaminase crosslinked gelatins (TG-gels) tended to undergo M1 polarization and hence compromised cell osteogenesis. In this study, we hypothesized that the copresentation of interleukin (IL)-4 and stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α in high-stiffness TG-gels may enhance periodontal regeneration by modulating Mφ polarization and promoting endogenous stem cell recruitment. We found that Mφs were more likely to polarize toward an immunomodulatory M2 state in the presence of IL-4 and hence positively influence the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs when these cells coexisted in either indirect or direct co-culture systems. In cell migration assays, BMSCs exhibited an enhanced capability to move toward gels containing SDF-1α, and more cells could be recruited into the three-dimensional matrix of TG-gels. When TG-gels containing IL-4 and/or SDF-1α were used to repair periodontal defects, more new bone (MicroCT) was formed in animals that received the dual cytokine-loaded transplants at 4 weeks postsurgery. Mφs were recruited to all the transplanted gels, and after one week, more M1-phenotype cells were found in the groups without IL-4, while the presence of IL-4 was more likely to result in M2 polarization (immunofluorescence staining). When the tissue biopsies were histologically examined, the TG-gels containing both IL-4 and SDF-1α led to a generally satisfactory regeneration with respect to attachment recovery (epithelial and connective tissue) and hybrid tissue regeneration (bone, periodontal ligament and cementum). Our data suggest that the incorporation of IL-4 into high-stiffness TG-gels may promote the M2 polarization of Mφs and that SDF-1α can be applied to guide endogenous cell homing. Overall, building capacity for Mφ modulation and cell recruitment in high-stiffness hydrogels represents a simple and effective strategy that can support high levels of periodontal tissue regeneration. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The development of hydrogel-based regenerative therapies centered on the mobilization and stimulation of native cells for therapeutics opens a window toward realizing periodontal endogenous regeneration. In the present study, the parallel use of immunomodulatory and homing factors in high-stiffness hydrogel materials is shown to induce stem cell homing, modulate cell differentiation and indeed induce regrowth of the periodontium. We found that incorporation of interleukin (IL)-4 in high-stiffness TG-gels coaxed macrophages to polarize into M2 phenotypes, and stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α could be applied to direct endogenous cell homing. Hence, we present for the first time a clinically relevant strategy based on macrophage modulation and host cell recruitment that can support high levels of periodontal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tao He
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Yu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Xin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Hua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Fa-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Dental Materials and Advanced Manufacture, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P.R. China.
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Seo JY, Lee B, Kang TW, Noh JH, Kim MJ, Ji YB, Ju HJ, Min BH, Kim MS. Electrostatically Interactive Injectable Hydrogels for Drug Delivery. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 15:513-520. [PMID: 30603575 PMCID: PMC6171702 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-018-0146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several injectable hydrogels have been developed extensively for a broad range of biomedical applications. Injectable hydrogels forming in situ through the change in external stimuli have the distinct properties of easy management and minimal invasiveness, and thus provide the advantage of bypassing surgical procedures for administration resulting in better patient compliance. METHODS The injectable in situ-forming hydrogels can be formed irreversibly or reversibly under physiological stimuli. Among several external stimuli that induce formation of hydrogels in situ, in this review, we focused on the electrostatic interactions as the most simple and interesting stimulus. RESULTS Currently, numerous polyelectrolytes have been reported as potential electrostatically interactive in situ-forming hydrogels. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the rapidly developing electrostatically interactive in situ-forming hydrogels, which are produced by various anionic and cationic polyelectrolytes such as chitosan, celluloses, and alginates, has been outlined and summarized. Further, their biomedical applications have also been discussed. CONCLUSION The review concludes with perspectives on the future of electrostatically interactive in situ-forming hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Seo
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Yeongton-gu, Suwon, 16499 Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Lee
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-Gu, Busan, 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woong Kang
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Yeongton-gu, Suwon, 16499 Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Noh
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Yeongton-gu, Suwon, 16499 Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Yeongton-gu, Suwon, 16499 Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Bae Ji
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Yeongton-gu, Suwon, 16499 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Ju
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Yeongton-gu, Suwon, 16499 Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Hyun Min
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Yeongton-gu, Suwon, 16499 Republic of Korea
- Cell Therapy Center, Ajou University Medical Center, 206 Worldcup-ro, Yeongton-gu, Suwon, 16499 Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Suk Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, 206 Worldcup-ro, Yeongton-gu, Suwon, 16499 Republic of Korea
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