1
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VanWinkle PE, Lee E, Wynn B, Nawara TJ, Thomas H, Parant J, Alvarez C, Serra R, Sztul E. Disruption of the creb3l1 gene causes defects in caudal fin regeneration and patterning in zebrafish Danio rerio. Dev Dyn 2024. [PMID: 39003620 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gene cAMP-Responsive Element Binding protein 3-like-1 (CREB3L1) has been implicated in bone development in mice, with CREB3L1 knock-out mice exhibiting fragile bones, and in humans, with CREB3L1 mutations linked to osteogenesis imperfecta. However, the mechanism through which Creb3l1 regulates bone development is not fully understood. RESULTS To probe the role of Creb3l1 in organismal physiology, we used CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing to generate a Danio rerio (zebrafish) model of Creb3l1 deficiency. In contrast to mammalian phenotypes, the Creb3l1 deficient fish do not display abnormalities in osteogenesis, except for a decrease in the bifurcation pattern of caudal fin. Both, skeletal morphology and overall bone density appear normal in the mutant fish. However, the regeneration of caudal fin postamputation is significantly affected, with decreased overall regenerate and mineralized bone area. Moreover, the mutant fish exhibit a severe patterning defect during regeneration, with a significant decrease in bifurcation complexity of the fin rays and distalization of the bifurcation sites. Analysis of genes implicated in bone development showed aberrant patterning of shha and ptch2 in Creb3l1 deficient fish, linking Creb3l1 with Sonic Hedgehog signaling during fin regeneration. CONCLUSIONS Our results uncover a novel role for Creb3l1 in regulating tissue growth and patterning during regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyton E VanWinkle
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Eunjoo Lee
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Bridge Wynn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Tomasz J Nawara
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Holly Thomas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - John Parant
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Cecilia Alvarez
- CIBICI-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Rosa Serra
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Elizabeth Sztul
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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2
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Fin ray branching is defined by TRAP + osteolytic tubules in zebrafish. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2209231119. [PMID: 36417434 PMCID: PMC9889879 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2209231119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The shaping of bone structures relies on various cell types and signaling pathways. Here, we use the zebrafish bifurcating fin rays during regeneration to investigate bone patterning. We found that the regenerating fin rays form via two mineralization fronts that undergo an osteoblast-dependent fusion/stitching until the branchpoint, and that bifurcation is not simply the splitting of one unit into two. We identified tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive osteolytic tubular structures at the branchpoints, hereafter named osteolytic tubules (OLTs). Chemical inhibition of their bone-resorbing activity strongly impairs ray bifurcation, indicating that OLTs counteract the stitching process. Furthermore, by testing different osteoactive compounds, we show that the position of the branchpoint depends on the balance between bone mineralization and resorption activities. Overall, these findings provide a unique perspective on fin ray formation and bifurcation, and reveal a key role for OLTs in defining the proximo-distal position of the branchpoint.
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3
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Watson CJ, Tang WJ, Rojas MF, Fiedler IAK, Morfin Montes de Oca E, Cronrath AR, Callies LK, Swearer AA, Ahmed AR, Sethuraman V, Addish S, Farr GH, Gómez AE, Rai J, Monstad-Rios AT, Gardiner EM, Karasik D, Maves L, Busse B, Hsu YH, Kwon RY. wnt16 regulates spine and muscle morphogenesis through parallel signals from notochord and dermomyotome. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010496. [PMID: 36346812 PMCID: PMC9674140 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone and muscle are coupled through developmental, mechanical, paracrine, and autocrine signals. Genetic variants at the CPED1-WNT16 locus are dually associated with bone- and muscle-related traits. While Wnt16 is necessary for bone mass and strength, this fails to explain pleiotropy at this locus. Here, we show wnt16 is required for spine and muscle morphogenesis in zebrafish. In embryos, wnt16 is expressed in dermomyotome and developing notochord, and contributes to larval myotome morphology and notochord elongation. Later, wnt16 is expressed at the ventral midline of the notochord sheath, and contributes to spine mineralization and osteoblast recruitment. Morphological changes in wnt16 mutant larvae are mirrored in adults, indicating that wnt16 impacts bone and muscle morphology throughout the lifespan. Finally, we show that wnt16 is a gene of major effect on lean mass at the CPED1-WNT16 locus. Our findings indicate that Wnt16 is secreted in structures adjacent to developing bone (notochord) and muscle (dermomyotome) where it affects the morphogenesis of each tissue, thereby rendering wnt16 expression into dual effects on bone and muscle morphology. This work expands our understanding of wnt16 in musculoskeletal development and supports the potential for variants to act through WNT16 to influence bone and muscle via parallel morphogenetic processes. In humans, genetic variants (DNA sequences that vary amongst individuals) have been identified that appear to influence two tissues, bone and skeletal muscle. However, how single genes and genetic variants exert dual influence on both tissues is not well understood. In this study, we found that the wnt16 gene is necessary for specifying the size and shape of both muscle and bone during development in zebrafish. We also disentangled how wnt16 affects both tissues: distinct cellular populations adjacent to muscle and bone secrete Wnt16, where it acts as a signal guiding the size and shape of each tissue. This is important because in humans, genetic variants near the WNT16 gene have effects on both bone- and muscle-related traits. This study expands our understanding of the role of WNT16 in bone and muscle development, and helps to explain how genetic variants near WNT16 affect traits for both tissues. Moreover, WNT16 is actively being explored as a target for osteoporosis therapies, thus our study could have implications with regard to the potential of targeting WNT16 to treat bone and muscle simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire J. Watson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - W. Joyce Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - Maria F. Rojas
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - Imke A. K. Fiedler
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ernesto Morfin Montes de Oca
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - Andrea R. Cronrath
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - Lulu K. Callies
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - Avery Angell Swearer
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - Ali R. Ahmed
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - Visali Sethuraman
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - Sumaya Addish
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - Gist H. Farr
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Arianna Ericka Gómez
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - Jyoti Rai
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - Adrian T. Monstad-Rios
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - Edith M. Gardiner
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
| | - David Karasik
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lisa Maves
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Bjorn Busse
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yi-Hsiang Hsu
- Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Ronald Young Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Insitute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicines, University of Washington, Seattle Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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4
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Dolan CP, Imholt F, Yan M, Yang TJ, Gregory J, Qureshi O, Zimmel K, Sherman KM, Smith HM, Falck A, Leininger E, Yu L, Brunauer R, Suva LJ, Gaddy D, Dawson LA, Muneoka K. Digit specific denervation does not inhibit mouse digit tip regeneration. Dev Biol 2022; 486:71-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Dolan CP, Imholt F, Yang TJ, Bokhari R, Gregory J, Yan M, Qureshi O, Zimmel K, Sherman KM, Falck A, Yu L, Leininger E, Brunauer R, Suva LJ, Gaddy D, Dawson LA, Muneoka K. Mouse Digit Tip Regeneration Is Mechanical Load Dependent. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:312-322. [PMID: 34783092 PMCID: PMC9400037 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Amputation of the mouse digit tip results in blastema-mediated regeneration. In this model, new bone regenerates de novo to lengthen the amputated stump bone, resulting in a functional replacement of the terminal phalangeal element along with associated non-skeletal tissues. Physiological examples of bone repair, such as distraction osteogenesis and fracture repair, are well known to require mechanical loading. However, the role of mechanical loading during mammalian digit tip regeneration is unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that reducing mechanical loading inhibits blastema formation by attenuating bone resorption and wound closure, resulting in the complete inhibition of digit regeneration. Mechanical unloading effects on wound healing and regeneration are completely reversible when mechanical loading is restored. Mechanical unloading after blastema formation results in a reduced rate of de novo bone formation, demonstrating mechanical load dependence of the bone regenerative response. Moreover, enhancing the wound-healing response of mechanically unloaded digits with the cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive Dermabond improves wound closure and partially rescues digit tip regeneration. Taken together, these results demonstrate that mammalian digit tip regeneration is mechanical load-dependent. Given that human fingertip regeneration shares many characteristics with the mouse digit tip, these results identify mechanical load as a previously unappreciated requirement for de novo bone regeneration in humans. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor P Dolan
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,DoD-VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Felisha Imholt
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Tae-Jung Yang
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Rihana Bokhari
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Joshua Gregory
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Mingquan Yan
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Osama Qureshi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Katherine Zimmel
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Kirby M Sherman
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Alyssa Falck
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Eric Leininger
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Regina Brunauer
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Larry J Suva
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Dana Gaddy
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Lindsay A Dawson
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ken Muneoka
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
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6
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Barreto RR, Veras PJL, de Oliveira Leite G, Vieira Neto AE, Zogheib LV, Sessle BJ, Campos AR. Botulinum toxin promotes orofacial antinociception by modulating TRPV1 and NMDA receptors in adult zebrafish. Toxicon 2022; 210:158-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Bump RG, Goo CEA, Horton EC, Rasmussen JP. Osteoblasts pattern endothelium and somatosensory axons during zebrafish caudal fin organogenesis. Development 2022; 149:dev200172. [PMID: 35129199 PMCID: PMC8918783 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal elements frequently associate with vasculature and somatosensory nerves, which regulate bone development and homeostasis. However, the deep, internal location of bones in many vertebrates has limited in vivo exploration of the neurovascular-bone relationship. Here, we use the zebrafish caudal fin, an optically accessible organ formed of repeating bony ray skeletal units, to determine the cellular relationship between nerves, bones and endothelium. In adult zebrafish, we establish the presence of somatosensory axons running through the inside of the bony fin rays, juxtaposed with osteoblasts on the inner hemiray surface. During development we show that the caudal fin progresses through sequential stages of endothelial plexus formation, bony ray addition, ray innervation and endothelial remodeling. Surprisingly, the initial stages of fin morphogenesis proceed normally in animals lacking either fin endothelium or somatosensory nerves. Instead, we find that sp7+ osteoblasts are required for endothelial remodeling and somatosensory axon innervation in the developing fin. Overall, this study demonstrates that the proximal neurovascular-bone relationship in the adult caudal fin is established during fin organogenesis and suggests that ray-associated osteoblasts pattern axons and endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalind G. Bump
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Camille E. A. Goo
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Emma C. Horton
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jeffrey P. Rasmussen
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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8
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Foessl I, Bassett JHD, Bjørnerem Å, Busse B, Calado Â, Chavassieux P, Christou M, Douni E, Fiedler IAK, Fonseca JE, Hassler E, Högler W, Kague E, Karasik D, Khashayar P, Langdahl BL, Leitch VD, Lopes P, Markozannes G, McGuigan FEA, Medina-Gomez C, Ntzani E, Oei L, Ohlsson C, Szulc P, Tobias JH, Trajanoska K, Tuzun Ş, Valjevac A, van Rietbergen B, Williams GR, Zekic T, Rivadeneira F, Obermayer-Pietsch B. Bone Phenotyping Approaches in Human, Mice and Zebrafish - Expert Overview of the EU Cost Action GEMSTONE ("GEnomics of MusculoSkeletal traits TranslatiOnal NEtwork"). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:720728. [PMID: 34925226 PMCID: PMC8672201 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.720728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A synoptic overview of scientific methods applied in bone and associated research fields across species has yet to be published. Experts from the EU Cost Action GEMSTONE ("GEnomics of MusculoSkeletal Traits translational Network") Working Group 2 present an overview of the routine techniques as well as clinical and research approaches employed to characterize bone phenotypes in humans and selected animal models (mice and zebrafish) of health and disease. The goal is consolidation of knowledge and a map for future research. This expert paper provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art technologies to investigate bone properties in humans and animals - including their strengths and weaknesses. New research methodologies are outlined and future strategies are discussed to combine phenotypic with rapidly developing -omics data in order to advance musculoskeletal research and move towards "personalised medicine".
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Foessl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Endocrine Lab Platform, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - J. H. Duncan Bassett
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Åshild Bjørnerem
- Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Norwegian Research Centre for Women’s Health, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Björn Busse
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ângelo Calado
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Maria Christou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Eleni Douni
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, Greece
- Department of Biotechnology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Imke A. K. Fiedler
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - João Eurico Fonseca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (CHULN), Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eva Hassler
- Division of Neuroradiology, Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Högler
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Erika Kague
- The School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - David Karasik
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Patricia Khashayar
- Center for Microsystems Technology, Imec and Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bente L. Langdahl
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Victoria D. Leitch
- Innovative Manufacturing Cooperative Research Centre, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, Carlton, VIC, Australia
| | - Philippe Lopes
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Georgios Markozannes
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | - Evangelia Ntzani
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Health Services, Policy and Practice, Center for Research Synthesis in Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Ling Oei
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pawel Szulc
- INSERM UMR 1033, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Jonathan H. Tobias
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Katerina Trajanoska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Şansın Tuzun
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Department, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amina Valjevac
- Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Bert van Rietbergen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Graham R. Williams
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tatjana Zekic
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Hospital Center Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Endocrine Lab Platform, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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9
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Rosa JT, Laizé V, Gavaia PJ, Cancela ML. Fish Models of Induced Osteoporosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:672424. [PMID: 34179000 PMCID: PMC8222987 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.672424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopenia and osteoporosis are bone disorders characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD), altered bone microarchitecture and increased bone fragility. Because of global aging, their incidence is rapidly increasing worldwide and novel treatments that would be more efficient at preventing disease progression and at reducing the risk of bone fractures are needed. Preclinical studies are today a major bottleneck to the collection of new data and the discovery of new drugs, since they are commonly based on rodent in vivo systems that are time consuming and expensive, or in vitro systems that do not exactly recapitulate the complexity of low BMD disorders. In this regard, teleost fish, in particular zebrafish and medaka, have recently emerged as suitable alternatives to study bone formation and mineralization and to model human bone disorders. In addition to the many technical advantages that allow faster and larger studies, the availability of several fish models that efficiently mimic human osteopenia and osteoporosis phenotypes has stimulated the interest of the academia and industry toward a better understanding of the mechanisms of pathogenesis but also toward the discovery of new bone anabolic or antiresorptive compounds. This mini review recapitulates the in vivo teleost fish systems available to study low BMD disorders and highlights their applications and the recent advances in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana T Rosa
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Vincent Laizé
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,S2 AQUA - Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture Collaborative Laboratory, Olhão, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Gavaia
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,GreenCoLab - Associação Oceano Verde, Faro, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - M Leonor Cancela
- Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,Algarve Biomedical Center, University of Algarve, Faro, Portugal
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10
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Khajuria DK, Karasik D. Novel model of restricted mobility induced osteopenia in zebrafish. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 98:1031-1038. [PMID: 32383168 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Immobilization, such as prolonged bed rest, is a risk factor for bone loss in humans. Motivated by the emerging utility of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as an animal of choice for the study of musculoskeletal disease, here we report a model of restricted mobility induced osteopenia in adult zebrafish. Aquatic tanks with small cubical compartments to restrict the movement and locomotion of single fish were designed and fabricated for this study. Adult zebrafish were divided into two groups: a normal control (CONT) and a restricted mobility group (RMG) (18 fish/group). Six fish from each group were euthanized on days 14, 21 and 35 of the movement restriction. By using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT), we assessed bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) and bone density in the whole skeleton of the fish. Furthermore, we assessed skeletal shape in the vertebrae (radius, length, volume, neural and haemal arch aperture areas, neural and haemal arch angle, and thickness of the intervertebral space), single vertebra bone volume and bone density. Movement restriction significantly decreased vertebral skeletal parameters such as radius, length, volume, arch aperture areas and angles as well as the thickness of the intervertebral space in RMG. Furthermore, restricted mobility significantly (P < 0.001) decreased BV/TV and bone density as compared to the CONT group, starting as early as 14 days. By analysing zebrafish from CONT and RMG, we show that micro-CT imaging is a sensitive method to quantify distinct skeletal properties in zebrafish. We further defined the micro-CT parameters which can be used to examine the effects of restricted mobility on the skeleton of the fish. Our findings propose a rapid and effective osteopenia "stabulation" model, which could be used widely for osteoporosis drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar Khajuria
- The Musculoskeletal Genetics Laboratory, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Karasik
- The Musculoskeletal Genetics Laboratory, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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11
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Lebedeva L, Zhumabayeva B, Gebauer T, Kisselev I, Aitasheva Z. Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) as a Model for Understanding the Process of Caudal Fin Regeneration. Zebrafish 2020; 17:359-372. [PMID: 33259770 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2020.1926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
After its introduction for scientific investigation in the 1950s, the cypriniform zebrafish, Danio rerio, has become a valuable model for the study of regenerative processes and mechanisms. Zebrafish exhibit epimorphic regeneration, in which a nondifferentiated cell mass formed after amputation is able to fully regenerate lost tissue such as limbs, heart muscle, brain, retina, and spinal cord. The process of limb regeneration in zebrafish comprises several stages characterized by the activation of specific signaling pathways and gene expression. We review current research on key factors in limb regeneration using zebrafish as a model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lebedeva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, The Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Beibitgul Zhumabayeva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, The Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Tatyana Gebauer
- South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Institute of Aquaculture and Protection of Waters, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ilya Kisselev
- Institute of General Genetics and Cytology, Almaty, The Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Zaure Aitasheva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, The Republic of Kazakhstan
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12
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Skeletal Stem Cell-Schwann Cell Circuitry in Mandibular Repair. Cell Rep 2020; 28:2757-2766.e5. [PMID: 31509739 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerative paradigms exhibit nerve dependency, including regeneration of the mouse digit tip and salamander limb. Denervation impairs regeneration and produces morphological aberrancy in these contexts, but the direct effect of innervation on the stem and progenitor cells enacting these processes is unknown. We devised a model to examine nerve dependency of the mouse skeletal stem cell (mSSC), the progenitor responsible for skeletal development and repair. We show that after inferior alveolar denervation, mandibular bone repair is compromised because of functional defects in mSSCs. We present mSSC reliance on paracrine factors secreted by Schwann cells as the underlying mechanism, with partial rescue of the denervated phenotype by Schwann cell transplantation and by Schwann-derived growth factors. This work sheds light on the nerve dependency of mSSCs and has implications for clinical treatment of mandibular defects.
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13
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Busse B, Galloway JL, Gray RS, Harris MP, Kwon RY. Zebrafish: An Emerging Model for Orthopedic Research. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:925-936. [PMID: 31773769 PMCID: PMC7162720 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Advances in next-generation sequencing have transformed our ability to identify genetic variants associated with clinical disorders of the musculoskeletal system. However, the means to functionally validate and analyze the physiological repercussions of genetic variation have lagged behind the rate of genetic discovery. The zebrafish provides an efficient model to leverage genetic analysis in an in vivo context. Its utility for orthopedic research is becoming evident in regard to both candidate gene validation as well as therapeutic discovery in tissues such as bone, tendon, muscle, and cartilage. With the development of new genetic and analytical tools to better assay aspects of skeletal tissue morphology, mineralization, composition, and biomechanics, researchers are emboldened to systematically approach how the skeleton develops and to identify the root causes, and potential treatments, of skeletal disease. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 38:925-936, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Busse
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 22529, Hamburg, Germany,all authors contributed equally to this work and are listed in alphabetical order
| | - Jenna L. Galloway
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge Street Boston, MA 02114, United States of America,all authors contributed equally to this work and are listed in alphabetical order
| | - Ryan S. Gray
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Austin, Texas, United States of America,all authors contributed equally to this work and are listed in alphabetical order
| | - Matthew P. Harris
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School; Department of Orthopedic Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, United States of America.,all authors contributed equally to this work and are listed in alphabetical order
| | - Ronald Y. Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine; Department of Mechanical Engineering; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America,all authors contributed equally to this work and are listed in alphabetical order
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14
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Rossi GS, Cochrane PV, Tunnah L, Wright PA. Ageing impacts phenotypic flexibility in an air-acclimated amphibious fish. J Comp Physiol B 2019; 189:567-579. [PMID: 31520114 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-019-01234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The ability to tolerate environmental change may decline as fishes age. We tested the hypothesis that ageing influences the scope for phenotypic flexibility in the mangrove rivulus (Kryptolebias marmoratus), an amphibious fish that transitions between two vastly different environments, water and land. We found that older fish (4-6 years old) exhibited marked signs of ageing; older fish were reproductively senescent, had reduced fin regenerative capacity and body condition, and exhibited atrophy of both oxidative and glycolytic muscle fibers relative to younger adult fish (1-2 years old). However, age did not affect routine O2 consumption. We then acclimated adult fish (1-6 years) to water (control) or air for 10 days to assess the scope for phenotypic flexibility in response to terrestrial exposure. In support of our hypothesis, we found that older air-acclimated fish had a diminished scope for gill remodeling relative to younger fish. We also found that older fish exhibited poorer terrestrial locomotor performance relative to younger adult fish, particularly when acclimated to air. Our results indicate that ageing diminishes skeletal muscle integrity and locomotor performance of amphibious fishes, and may, therefore, impair terrestrial foraging ability, predator avoidance, or dispersal across the terrestrial environment. Remarkably, older fish voluntarily left water to a similar degree as younger fish despite the age-related deterioration of traits important for terrestrial life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia S Rossi
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Paige V Cochrane
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Louise Tunnah
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Patricia A Wright
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
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15
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Kwon RY, Watson CJ, Karasik D. Using zebrafish to study skeletal genomics. Bone 2019; 126:37-50. [PMID: 30763636 PMCID: PMC6626559 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
While genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revolutionized our understanding of the genetic architecture of skeletal diseases, animal models are required to identify causal mechanisms and to translate underlying biology into new therapies. Despite large-scale knockout mouse phenotyping efforts, the skeletal functions of most genes residing at GWAS-identified loci remain unknown, highlighting a need for complementary model systems to accelerate gene discovery. Over the past several decades, zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a powerful system for modeling the genetics of human diseases. In this review, our goal is to outline evidence supporting the utility of zebrafish for accelerating our understanding of human skeletal genomics, as well as gaps in knowledge that need to be filled for this purpose. We do this by providing a basic foundation of the zebrafish skeletal morphophysiology and phenotypes, and surveying evidence of skeletal gene homology and the use of zebrafish for post-GWAS analysis in other tissues and organs. We also outline challenges in translating zebrafish mutant phenotypes. Finally, we conclude with recommendations of future directions and how to leverage the large body of tools and knowledge of skeletal genetics in zebrafish for the needs of human skeletal genomic exploration. Due to their amenability to rapid genetic approaches, as well as the large number of conserved genetic and phenotypic features, there is a strong rationale supporting the use of zebrafish for human skeletal genomic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Y Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Claire J Watson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Karasik
- The Musculoskeletal Genetics Laboratory, The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel; Hebrew SeniorLife, Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Boston, MA, USA.
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16
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Bergen DJM, Kague E, Hammond CL. Zebrafish as an Emerging Model for Osteoporosis: A Primary Testing Platform for Screening New Osteo-Active Compounds. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:6. [PMID: 30761080 PMCID: PMC6361756 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is metabolic bone disease caused by an altered balance between bone anabolism and catabolism. This dysregulated balance is responsible for fragile bones that fracture easily after minor falls. With an aging population, the incidence is rising and as yet pharmaceutical options to restore this imbalance is limited, especially stimulating osteoblast bone-building activity. Excitingly, output from large genetic studies on people with high bone mass (HBM) cases and genome wide association studies (GWAS) on the population, yielded new insights into pathways containing osteo-anabolic players that have potential for drug target development. However, a bottleneck in development of new treatments targeting these putative osteo-anabolic genes is the lack of animal models for rapid and affordable testing to generate functional data and that simultaneously can be used as a compound testing platform. Zebrafish, a small teleost fish, are increasingly used in functional genomics and drug screening assays which resulted in new treatments in the clinic for other diseases. In this review we outline the zebrafish as a powerful model for osteoporosis research to validate potential therapeutic candidates, describe the tools and assays that can be used to study bone homeostasis, and affordable (semi-)high-throughput compound testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan J. M. Bergen
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Southmead Hospital, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Erika Kague
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Chrissy L. Hammond
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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17
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Abstract
Tendons connect muscle to bone and play an integral role in bone and joint alignment and loading. Tendons act as pulleys that provide anchorage of muscle forces for joint motion and stability, as well as for fracture reduction and realignment. Patients that experience complex fractures also have concomitant soft tissue injuries, such as tendon damage or rupture. Tendon injuries that occur at the time of bone fracture have long-term ramifications on musculoskeletal health, yet these injuries are often disregarded in clinical treatment and diagnosis for patients with bone fractures as well as in basic science approaches for understanding bone repair processes. Delayed assessment of soft tissue injuries during evaluation of trauma can lead to chronic pain, dysfunction, and delayed bone healing even following successful fracture repair, highlighting the importance of identifying and treating damaged tendons early. Treatment strategies for bone repair, such as mechanical stabilization and biological therapeutics, can impact tendon healing and function. Because poor tendon healing following complex fracture can significantly impact the function of tendon during bone fracture healing, a need exists to understand the healing process of complex fractures more broadly, beyond the healing of bone. In this review, we explored the mechanical and biological interaction of bone and tendon in the context of complex fracture, as well as the relevance and potential ramifications of tendon damage following bone fracture, which has particular impact on patients that experience complex fractures, such as from combat, automobile accidents, and other trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Ganji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
| | - Megan L. Killian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716
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18
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Monstad-Rios AT, Watson CJ, Kwon RY. ScreenCube: A 3D Printed System for Rapid and Cost-Effective Chemical Screening in Adult Zebrafish. Zebrafish 2018; 15:1-8. [PMID: 29083959 PMCID: PMC5792243 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2017.1488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenotype-based small molecule screens in zebrafish embryos and larvae have been successful in accelerating pathway and therapeutic discovery for diverse biological processes. Yet, the application of chemical screens to adult physiologies has been relatively limited due to additional demands on cost, space, and labor associated with screens in adult animals. In this study, we present a 3D printed system and methods for intermittent drug dosing that enable rapid and cost-effective chemical administration in adult zebrafish. Using prefilled screening plates, the system enables dosing of 96 fish in ∼3 min, with a 10-fold reduction in drug quantity compared to that used in previous chemical screens in adult zebrafish. We characterize water quality kinetics during immersion in the system and use these kinetics to rationally design intermittent dosing regimens that result in 100% fish survival. As a demonstration of system fidelity, we show the potential to identify two known chemical inhibitors of adult tail fin regeneration, cyclopamine and dorsomorphin. By developing methods for rapid and cost-effective chemical administration in adult zebrafish, this study expands the potential for small molecule discovery in postembryonic models of development, disease, and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian T Monstad-Rios
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Claire J Watson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Ronald Y Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
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19
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Balanta-Melo J, Toro-Ibacache V, Torres-Quintana MA, Kupczik K, Vega C, Morales C, Hernández-Moya N, Arias-Calderón M, Beato C, Buvinic S. Early molecular response and microanatomical changes in the masseter muscle and mandibular head after botulinum toxin intervention in adult mice. Ann Anat 2017; 216:112-119. [PMID: 29289710 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Masseter muscle paralysis induced by botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) evokes subchondral bone loss in mandibular heads of adult rats and growing mice after 4 weeks. However, the primary cellular and molecular events leading to altered bone remodeling remain unexplored. Thus, the aim of the current work has been to assess the molecular response that precedes the early microanatomical changes in the masseter muscle and subchondral bone of the mandibular head in adult mice after BoNTA intervention. METHODS A pre-clinical in vivo study was performed by a single intramuscular injection of 0.2 U BoNTA in the right masseter (experimental) of adult BALB/c mice. The contralateral masseter was injected with vehicle (control). Changes in mRNA levels of molecular markers of bone loss or muscle atrophy/regeneration were addressed by qPCR at day 2 or 7, respectively. mRNA levels of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) was assessed in mandibular heads, whilst mRNA levels of Atrogin-1/MAFbx, MuRF-1 and Myogenin were addressed in masseter muscles. In order to identify the early microanatomical changes at day 14, fiber diameters in transversal sections of masseter muscles were quantified, and histomorphometric analysis was used to determine the bone per tissue area and the trabecular thickness of subchondral bone of the mandibular heads. RESULTS An increase of up to 4-fold in RANKL mRNA levels were detected in mandibular heads of the BoNTA-injected sides as early as 2 days after intervention. Moreover, a 4-6 fold increase in Atrogin-1/MAFbx and MuRF-1 and an up to 25 fold increase in Myogenin mRNA level were detected in masseter muscles 7 days after BoNTA injections. Masseter muscle mass, as well as individual muscle fiber diameter, were significantly reduced in BoNTA-injected side after 14 days post-intervention. At the same time, in the mandibular heads from the treated side, the subchondral bone loss was evinced by a significant reduction in bone per tissue area (-40%) and trabecular thickness (-55%). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that masseter muscle paralysis induced by BoNTA leads to significant microanatomical changes by day 14, preceded by molecular changes as early as 2 days in bone, and 7 days in muscle. Therefore, masseter muscle atrophy and subchondral bone loss detected at 14 days are preceded by molecular responses that occur during the first week after BoNTA intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Balanta-Melo
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Chile; School of Dentistry, Universidad del Valle, Colombia
| | - Viviana Toro-Ibacache
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Chile; Quantitative Analysis Center in Dental Anthropology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Chile; Department of Human Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Germany
| | | | - Kornelius Kupczik
- Max Planck Weizmann Center for Integrative Archaeology and Anthropology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Germany
| | - Carolina Vega
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Camilo Morales
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Chile; Department of Basic Sciences, Health Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Colombia; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Nadia Hernández-Moya
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Manuel Arias-Calderón
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Chile; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Carolina Beato
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Chile; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Chile
| | - Sonja Buvinic
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Chile.
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20
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Herrera-Rincon C, Pai VP, Moran KM, Lemire JM, Levin M. The brain is required for normal muscle and nerve patterning during early Xenopus development. Nat Commun 2017; 8:587. [PMID: 28943634 PMCID: PMC5610959 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00597-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Possible roles of brain-derived signals in the regulation of embryogenesis are unknown. Here we use an amputation assay in Xenopus laevis to show that absence of brain alters subsequent muscle and peripheral nerve patterning during early development. The muscle phenotype can be rescued by an antagonist of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. The observed defects occur at considerable distances from the head, suggesting that the brain provides long-range cues for other tissue systems during development. The presence of brain also protects embryos from otherwise-teratogenic agents. Overexpression of a hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel rescues the muscle phenotype and the neural mispatterning that occur in brainless embryos, even when expressed far from the muscle or neural cells that mispattern. We identify a previously undescribed developmental role for the brain and reveal a non-local input into the control of early morphogenesis that is mediated by neurotransmitters and ion channel activity.Functions of the embryonic brain prior to regulating behavior are unclear. Here, the authors use an amputation assay in Xenopus laevis to demonstrate that removal of the brain early in development alters muscle and peripheral nerve patterning, which can be rescued by modulating bioelectric signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Herrera-Rincon
- Biology Department and Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, suite 4600, Medford, MA, 02155-4243, USA
| | - Vaibhav P Pai
- Biology Department and Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, suite 4600, Medford, MA, 02155-4243, USA
| | - Kristine M Moran
- Biology Department and Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, suite 4600, Medford, MA, 02155-4243, USA
| | - Joan M Lemire
- Biology Department and Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, suite 4600, Medford, MA, 02155-4243, USA
| | - Michael Levin
- Biology Department and Allen Discovery Center, Tufts University, 200 Boston Avenue, suite 4600, Medford, MA, 02155-4243, USA.
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21
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Hur M, Gistelinck CA, Huber P, Lee J, Thompson MH, Monstad-Rios AT, Watson CJ, McMenamin SK, Willaert A, Parichy DM, Coucke P, Kwon RY. MicroCT-based phenomics in the zebrafish skeleton reveals virtues of deep phenotyping in a distributed organ system. eLife 2017; 6:26014. [PMID: 28884682 PMCID: PMC5606849 DOI: 10.7554/elife.26014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenomics, which ideally involves in-depth phenotyping at the whole-organism scale, may enhance our functional understanding of genetic variation. Here, we demonstrate methods to profile hundreds of phenotypic measures comprised of morphological and densitometric traits at a large number of sites within the axial skeleton of adult zebrafish. We show the potential for vertebral patterns to confer heightened sensitivity, with similar specificity, in discriminating mutant populations compared to analyzing individual vertebrae in isolation. We identify phenotypes associated with human brittle bone disease and thyroid stimulating hormone receptor hyperactivity. Finally, we develop allometric models and show their potential to aid in the discrimination of mutant phenotypes masked by alterations in growth. Our studies demonstrate virtues of deep phenotyping in a spatially distributed organ system. Analyzing phenotypic patterns may increase productivity in genetic screens, and facilitate the study of genetic variants associated with smaller effect sizes, such as those that underlie complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hur
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | | | - Philippe Huber
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Jane Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Marjorie H Thompson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Adrian T Monstad-Rios
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | - Claire J Watson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
| | | | - Andy Willaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - David M Parichy
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, United States
| | - Paul Coucke
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ronald Y Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, United States
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22
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Cardeira J, Gavaia PJ, Fernández I, Cengiz IF, Moreira-Silva J, Oliveira JM, Reis RL, Cancela ML, Laizé V. Quantitative assessment of the regenerative and mineralogenic performances of the zebrafish caudal fin. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39191. [PMID: 27991522 PMCID: PMC5171864 DOI: 10.1038/srep39191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of zebrafish to fully regenerate its caudal fin has been explored to better understand the mechanisms underlying de novo bone formation and to develop screening methods towards the discovery of compounds with therapeutic potential. Quantifying caudal fin regeneration largely depends on successfully measuring new tissue formation through methods that require optimization and standardization. Here, we present an improved methodology to characterize and analyse overall caudal fin and bone regeneration in adult zebrafish. First, regenerated and mineralized areas are evaluated through broad, rapid and specific chronological and morphometric analysis in alizarin red stained fins. Then, following a more refined strategy, the intensity of the staining within a 2D longitudinal plane is determined through pixel intensity analysis, as an indicator of density or thickness/volume. The applicability of this methodology on live specimens, to reduce animal experimentation and provide a tool for in vivo tracking of the regenerative process, was successfully demonstrated. Finally, the methodology was validated on retinoic acid- and warfarin-treated specimens, and further confirmed by micro-computed tomography. Because it is easily implementable, accurate and does not require sophisticated equipment, the present methodology will certainly provide valuable technical standardization for research in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and skeletal biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Cardeira
- ProRegeM PhD Programme, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.,Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Gavaia
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ibrahim Fatih Cengiz
- 3B's Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associated Laboratory, Portugal
| | | | - Joaquim Miguel Oliveira
- 3B's Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associated Laboratory, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Avepark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco GMR, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associated Laboratory, Portugal
| | - M Leonor Cancela
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Vincent Laizé
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
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23
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Laurent MR, Dubois V, Claessens F, Verschueren SMP, Vanderschueren D, Gielen E, Jardí F. Muscle-bone interactions: From experimental models to the clinic? A critical update. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 432:14-36. [PMID: 26506009 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bone is a biomechanical tissue shaped by forces from muscles and gravitation. Simultaneous bone and muscle decay and dysfunction (osteosarcopenia or sarco-osteoporosis) is seen in ageing, numerous clinical situations including after stroke or paralysis, in neuromuscular dystrophies, glucocorticoid excess, or in association with vitamin D, growth hormone/insulin like growth factor or sex steroid deficiency, as well as in spaceflight. Physical exercise may be beneficial in these situations, but further work is still needed to translate acceptable and effective biomechanical interventions like vibration therapy from animal models to humans. Novel antiresorptive and anabolic therapies are emerging for osteoporosis as well as drugs for sarcopenia, cancer cachexia or muscle wasting disorders, including antibodies against myostatin or activin receptor type IIA and IIB (e.g. bimagrumab). Ideally, increasing muscle mass would increase muscle strength and restore bone loss from disuse. However, the classical view that muscle is unidirectionally dominant over bone via mechanical loading is overly simplistic. Indeed, recent studies indicate a role for neuronal regulation of not only muscle but also bone metabolism, bone signaling pathways like receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) implicated in muscle biology, myokines affecting bone and possible bone-to-muscle communication. Moreover, pharmacological strategies inducing isolated myocyte hypertrophy may not translate into increased muscle power because tendons, connective tissue, neurons and energy metabolism need to adapt as well. We aim here to critically review key musculoskeletal molecular pathways involved in mechanoregulation and their effect on the bone-muscle unit as a whole, as well as preclinical and emerging clinical evidence regarding the effects of sarcopenia therapies on osteoporosis and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël R Laurent
- Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Vanessa Dubois
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Frank Claessens
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sabine M P Verschueren
- Research Group for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Science, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dirk Vanderschueren
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelien Gielen
- Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ferran Jardí
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
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24
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Wynd BM, Watson CJ, Patil K, Sanders GE, Kwon RY. A Dynamic Anesthesia System for Long-Term Imaging in Adult Zebrafish. Zebrafish 2016; 14:1-7. [PMID: 27409411 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2016.1289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term in vivo imaging in adult zebrafish (i.e., 1-24 h) has been limited by the fact that regimens for long-term anesthesia in embryos and larvae are ineffective in adults. Here, we examined the potential for dynamic administration of benzocaine to enable long-term anesthesia in adult zebrafish. We developed a computer-controlled perfusion system comprised of programmable peristaltic pumps that enabled automatic exchange between anesthetic and system water. Continuous administration of benzocaine in adult zebrafish resulted in a mean time to respiratory arrest of 5.0 h and 8-h survival of 14.3%. We measured characteristic sedation and recovery times in response to benzocaine, and used them to devise an intermittent dosing regimen consisting of 14.5 min of benzocaine followed by 5.5 min of system water. Intermittent benzocaine administration in adult zebrafish resulted in a mean time to respiratory arrest of 7.6 h and 8-h survival of 71.4%. Finally, we performed a single 24-h trial and found that intermittent dosing maintained anesthesia in an adult zebrafish over the entire 24-h period. In summary, our studies demonstrate the potential for dynamic administration of benzocaine to enable prolonged anesthesia in adult zebrafish, expanding the potential for imaging in adult physiologies that unfold over 1-24 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenen M Wynd
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Claire J Watson
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Karuna Patil
- 2 Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - George E Sanders
- 2 Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Ronald Y Kwon
- 1 Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
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25
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Bensimon-Brito A, Cardeira J, Dionísio G, Huysseune A, Cancela ML, Witten PE. Revisiting in vivo staining with alizarin red S--a valuable approach to analyse zebrafish skeletal mineralization during development and regeneration. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2016; 16:2. [PMID: 26787303 PMCID: PMC4719692 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-016-0102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The correct evaluation of mineralization is fundamental for the study of skeletal development, maintenance, and regeneration. Current methods to visualize mineralized tissue in zebrafish rely on: 1) fixed specimens; 2) radiographic and μCT techniques, that are ultimately limited in resolution; or 3) vital stains with fluorochromes that are indistinguishable from the signal of green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labelled cells. Alizarin compounds, either in the form of alizarin red S (ARS) or alizarin complexone (ALC), have long been used to stain the mineralized skeleton in fixed specimens from all vertebrate groups. Recent works have used ARS vital staining in zebrafish and medaka, yet not based on consistent protocols. There is a fundamental concern on whether ARS vital staining, achieved by adding ARS to the water, can affect bone formation in juvenile and adult zebrafish, as ARS has been shown to inhibit skeletal growth and mineralization in mammals. RESULTS Here we present a protocol for vital staining of mineralized structures in zebrafish with a low ARS concentration that does not affect bone mineralization, even after repetitive ARS staining events, as confirmed by careful imaging under fluorescent light. Early and late stages of bone development are equally unaffected by this vital staining protocol. From all tested concentrations, 0.01% ARS yielded correct detection of bone calcium deposits without inducing additional stress to fish. CONCLUSIONS The proposed ARS vital staining protocol can be combined with GFP fluorescence associated with skeletal tissues and thus represents a powerful tool for in vivo monitoring of mineralized structures. We provide examples from wild type and transgenic GFP-expressing zebrafish, for endoskeletal development and dermal fin ray regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bensimon-Brito
- Centre of Marine Sciences - CCMar, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Current address: CEDOC - Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - J Cardeira
- Centre of Marine Sciences - CCMar, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
- ProRegeM PhD Programme, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
| | - G Dionísio
- Centre of Marine Sciences - CCMar, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
- Guia Marine Laboratory, Oceanography Centre, Faculty of Sciences of University of Lisbon, Cascais, Portugal.
| | - A Huysseune
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - M L Cancela
- Centre of Marine Sciences - CCMar, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
| | - P E Witten
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Biology Department, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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26
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Osteogenic programs during zebrafish fin regeneration. BONEKEY REPORTS 2015; 4:745. [PMID: 26421148 DOI: 10.1038/bonekey.2015.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in genomic, screening and imaging technologies have provided new opportunities to examine the molecular and cellular landscape underlying human physiology and disease. In the context of skeletal research, technologies for systems genetics, high-throughput screening and high-content imaging can aid an unbiased approach when searching for new biological, pathological or therapeutic pathways. However, these approaches necessitate the use of specialized model systems that rapidly produce a phenotype, are easy to manipulate, and amenable to optical study, all while representing mammalian bone physiologies at the molecular and cellular levels. The emerging use of zebrafish (Danio rerio) for modeling human disease highlights its potential to accelerate therapeutic and pathway discovery in the mammalian skeleton. In this review, we consider the potential value of zebrafish fin ray regeneration (a rapid, genetically tractable and optically transparent model of intramembranous ossification) as a translational model for such studies.
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27
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Göbel OF, ten Elshof JE, Kaminsky W, Hannss M. Optical anomaly in artificial cubic hieratite, K2[SiF6]. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2015; 71:328-33. [DOI: 10.1107/s2052520615007507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Crystals of K2[SiF6] were grown in agar gel, silica gel and jelly. Crystals grown in agar gel or jelly exhibit birefringence and consist of six double refracting growth sectors, each having the shape of a tetragonal pyramid. Nevertheless, the structure of the crystals from agar gel could be refined as cubic (space group Fm\bar{3}m) with a weightedRfactor of 0.043. The amount of birefringence was estimated by the Senarmont compensation method and the rotating polarizer method.
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28
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Simões MG, Bensimon-Brito A, Fonseca M, Farinho A, Valério F, Sousa S, Afonso N, Kumar A, Jacinto A. Denervation impairs regeneration of amputated zebrafish fins. BMC DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2014; 14:49. [PMID: 25551555 PMCID: PMC4333893 DOI: 10.1186/s12861-014-0049-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zebrafish are able to regenerate many of its tissues and organs after damage. In amphibians this process is regulated by nerve fibres present at the site of injury, which have been proposed to release factors into the amputated limbs/fins, promoting and sustaining the proliferation of blastemal cells. Although some candidate factors have been proposed to mediate the nerve dependency of regeneration, the molecular mechanisms involved in this process remain unclear. RESULTS We have used zebrafish as a model system to address the role of nerve fibres in fin regeneration. We have developed a protocol for pectoral fin denervation followed by amputation and analysed the regenerative process under this experimental conditions. Upon denervation fins were able to close the wound and form a wound epidermis, but could not establish a functional apical epithelial cap, with a posterior failure of blastema formation and outgrowth, and the accumulation of several defects. The expression patterns of genes known to be key players during fin regeneration were altered upon denervation, suggesting that nerves can contribute to the regulation of the Fgf, Wnt and Shh pathways during zebrafish fin regeneration. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that proper innervation of the zebrafish pectoral fin is essential for a successful regenerative process, and establish this organism as a useful model to understand the molecular and cellular mechanisms of nerve dependence, during vertebrate regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana G Simões
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Anabela Bensimon-Brito
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Fonseca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ana Farinho
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Fábio Valério
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Sara Sousa
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Afonso
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Division of Biosciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
| | - Antonio Jacinto
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campo dos Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056, Lisboa, Portugal.
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