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Fallah S, Duncan D, Reichl KD, Smith MJ, Wang W, Porco JA, Brown LE, Whitesell L, Robbins N, Cowen LE. A chemical screen identifies structurally diverse metal chelators with activity against the fungal pathogen Candida albicans. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0409523. [PMID: 38376363 PMCID: PMC10986608 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04095-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans, one of the most prevalent human fungal pathogens, causes diverse diseases extending from superficial infections to deadly systemic mycoses. Currently, only three major classes of antifungal drugs are available to treat systemic infections: azoles, polyenes, and echinocandins. Alarmingly, the efficacy of these antifungals against C. albicans is hindered both by basal tolerance toward the drugs and the development of resistance mechanisms such as alterations of the drug's target, modulation of stress responses, and overexpression of efflux pumps. Thus, the need to identify novel antifungal strategies is dire. To address this challenge, we screened 3,049 structurally-diverse compounds from the Boston University Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD) chemical library against a C. albicans clinical isolate and identified 17 molecules that inhibited C. albicans growth by >80% relative to controls. Among the most potent compounds were CMLD013360, CMLD012661, and CMLD012693, molecules representing two distinct chemical scaffolds, including 3-hydroxyquinolinones and a xanthone natural product. Based on structural insights, CMLD013360, CMLD012661, and CMLD012693 were hypothesized to exert antifungal activity through metal chelation. Follow-up investigations revealed all three compounds exerted antifungal activity against non-albicans Candida, including Candida auris and Candida glabrata, with the xanthone natural product CMLD013360 also displaying activity against the pathogenic mould Aspergillus fumigatus. Media supplementation with metallonutrients, namely ferric or ferrous iron, rescued C. albicans growth, confirming these compounds act as metal chelators. Thus, this work identifies and characterizes two chemical scaffolds that chelate iron to inhibit the growth of the clinically relevant fungal pathogen C. albicansIMPORTANCEThe worldwide incidence of invasive fungal infections is increasing at an alarming rate. Systemic candidiasis caused by the opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans is the most common cause of life-threatening fungal infection. However, due to the limited number of antifungal drug classes available and the rise of antifungal resistance, an urgent need exists for the identification of novel treatments. By screening a compound collection from the Boston University Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), we identified three compounds representing two distinct chemical scaffolds that displayed activity against C. albicans. Follow-up analyses confirmed these molecules were also active against other pathogenic fungal species including Candida auris and Aspergillus fumigatus. Finally, we determined that these compounds inhibit the growth of C. albicans in culture through iron chelation. Overall, this observation describes two novel chemical scaffolds with antifungal activity against diverse fungal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fallah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dustin Duncan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kyle D. Reichl
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael J. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John A. Porco
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lauren E. Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Discovery (BU-CMD), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Luke Whitesell
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole Robbins
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leah E. Cowen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Melancon K, Pliushcheuskaya P, Meiler J, Künze G. Targeting ion channels with ultra-large library screening for hit discovery. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 16:1336004. [PMID: 38249296 PMCID: PMC10796734 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1336004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Ion channels play a crucial role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, making them attractive targets for drug development in diseases such as diabetes, epilepsy, hypertension, cancer, and chronic pain. Despite the importance of ion channels in drug discovery, the vastness of chemical space and the complexity of ion channels pose significant challenges for identifying drug candidates. The use of in silico methods in drug discovery has dramatically reduced the time and cost of drug development and has the potential to revolutionize the field of medicine. Recent advances in computer hardware and software have enabled the screening of ultra-large compound libraries. Integration of different methods at various scales and dimensions is becoming an inevitable trend in drug development. In this review, we provide an overview of current state-of-the-art computational chemistry methodologies for ultra-large compound library screening and their application to ion channel drug discovery research. We discuss the advantages and limitations of various in silico techniques, including virtual screening, molecular mechanics/dynamics simulations, and machine learning-based approaches. We also highlight several successful applications of computational chemistry methodologies in ion channel drug discovery and provide insights into future directions and challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kortney Melancon
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | | | - Jens Meiler
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Georg Künze
- Medical Faculty, Institute for Drug Discovery, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
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Ikeda K, Maezawa Y, Yonezawa T, Shimizu Y, Tashiro T, Kanai S, Sugaya N, Masuda Y, Inoue N, Niimi T, Masuya K, Mizuguchi K, Furuya T, Osawa M. DLiP-PPI library: An integrated chemical database of small-to-medium-sized molecules targeting protein-protein interactions. Front Chem 2023; 10:1090643. [PMID: 36700083 PMCID: PMC9868583 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1090643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are recognized as important targets in drug discovery. The characteristics of molecules that inhibit PPIs differ from those of small-molecule compounds. We developed a novel chemical library database system (DLiP) to design PPI inhibitors. A total of 32,647 PPI-related compounds are registered in the DLiP. It contains 15,214 newly synthesized compounds, with molecular weight ranging from 450 to 650, and 17,433 active and inactive compounds registered by extracting and integrating known compound data related to 105 PPI targets from public databases and published literature. Our analysis revealed that the compounds in this database contain unique chemical structures and have physicochemical properties suitable for binding to the protein-protein interface. In addition, advanced functions have been integrated with the web interface, which allows users to search for potential PPI inhibitor compounds based on types of protein-protein interfaces, filter results by drug-likeness indicators important for PPI targeting such as rule-of-4, and display known active and inactive compounds for each PPI target. The DLiP aids the search for new candidate molecules for PPI drug discovery and is available online (https://skb-insilico.com/dlip).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuyoshi Ikeda
- HPC—and AI-driven Drug Development Platform Division, Center for Computational Science, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan,Division of Physics for Life Functions, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan,*Correspondence: Kazuyoshi Ikeda,
| | | | - Tomoki Yonezawa
- Division of Physics for Life Functions, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yugo Shimizu
- Division of Physics for Life Functions, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Naoko Inoue
- PeptiDream Inc., Chiyoda-Ku, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | | | - Kenji Mizuguchi
- Artificial Intelligence Center for Health and Biomedical Research, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan,Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Masanori Osawa
- Division of Physics for Life Functions, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Correia da Silva D, Valentão P, Pereira DM. A Survey of Naturally Occurring Molecules as New Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Activators with Selective Anticancer Activity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15. [PMID: 36612288 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The last century has witnessed the establishment of neoplastic disease as the second cause of death in the world. Nonetheless, the road toward desirable success rates of cancer treatments is still long and paved with uncertainty. This work aims to select natural products that act via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a known vulnerability of malignant cells, and display selective toxicity against cancer cell lines. Among an in-house chemical library, nontoxic molecules towards noncancer cells were assessed for toxicity towards cancer cells, namely the human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line AGS and the lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. Active molecules towards at least one of these cell lines were studied in a battery of ensuing assays to clarify the involvement of ER stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) in the cytotoxic effect. Several natural products are selectively cytotoxic against malignant cells, and the effect often relies on ER stress induction. Berberine was the most promising molecule, being active against both cell models by disrupting Ca2+ homeostasis, inducing UPR target gene expression and ER-resident caspase-4 activation. Our results indicate that berberine and emodin are potential leads for the development of more potent ER stressors to be used as selective anticancer agents.
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Nishimae F, Sakurai F, Ono R, Onishi R, Takayama K, Mizuguchi H. A dopamine antagonist, domperidone enhances the replication of an oncolytic adenovirus in human tumour cells. J Gen Virol 2022; 103. [PMID: 35731650 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) have attracted much attention as novel anticancer agents. Numerous studies have examined the antitumour effects of combinational use of an OAd and anticancer agents; however, few chemical compounds enhancing OAd infection have been reported. In this study, we screened a food and drug administration (FDA)-approved drug library containing 1134 small chemical compounds to identify chemical compounds that enhance OAd replication in human tumour cells. We found that domperidone, a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, significantly enhanced the replication of an OAd in human tumour cells, including human pancreatic tumour cells, by two-fivefold, resulting in improvement of OAd-mediated tumour cell killing activities. The E1A mRNA levels were significantly increased in domperidone-pre-treated cells following OAd infection, which contributed to the promotion of OAd replication. However, mRNA levels of the dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2), which is known to be a target molecule of domperidone, were undetectable in most of the tumour cells by real-time reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis, indicating that domperidone promoted OAd replication by acting on a molecule other than DRD2. This study provides important clues for the improvement of OAd-mediated cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumitaka Nishimae
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fuminori Sakurai
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ono
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rika Onishi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Takayama
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Laboratory of Hepatocyte Regulation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan.,The Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Auriostigue-Bautista JC, Hernández-Vázquez E, González-Calderón D, Figueroa-Romero JL, Castillo-Villanueva A, Torres-Arroyo A, Ponce-Macotela M, Rufino-González Y, Martínez-Gordillo M, Miranda LD, Oria-Hernández J, Reyes-Vivas H. Discovery of Benzopyrrolizidines as Promising Antigiardiasic Agents. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:828100. [PMID: 35096662 PMCID: PMC8790063 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.828100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current treatments for giardiasis include drugs with undesirable side effects, which increase the levels of therapeutic desertion and promote drug resistance in the parasites. Herein, we describe the antigiardiasic evaluation on Giardia lamblia trophozoites of a structurally diverse collection of 74 molecules. Among these scaffolds, we discovered a benzopyrrolizidine derivative with higher antigiardiasic activity (IC50 = 11 µM) and lower cytotoxicity in human cell cultures (IC50 = 130 µM) than those displayed by the current gold-standard drugs (metronidazole and tinidazole). Furthermore, this compound produced morphologic modifications of trophozoites, with occasional loss of one of the nuclei, among other changes not observed with standard giardicidal drugs, suggesting that it might act through a novel mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Auriostigue-Bautista
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica-Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Hernández-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - David González-Calderón
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jorge Luís Figueroa-Romero
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica-Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Adriana Castillo-Villanueva
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica-Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Angélica Torres-Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica-Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Martha Ponce-Macotela
- Laboratorio de Parasitología-Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Yadira Rufino-González
- Laboratorio de Parasitología-Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mario Martínez-Gordillo
- Laboratorio de Parasitología-Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis D Miranda
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jesús Oria-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica-Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Horacio Reyes-Vivas
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica-Genética, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría. Insurgentes Sur 3700-C, Col. Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Alcaldía Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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7
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Proj M, De Jonghe S, Van Loy T, Jukič M, Meden A, Ciber L, Podlipnik Č, Grošelj U, Konc J, Schols D, Gobec S. A Set of Experimentally Validated Decoys for the Human CC Chemokine Receptor 7 (CCR7) Obtained by Virtual Screening. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:855653. [PMID: 35370691 PMCID: PMC8972196 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.855653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a state-of-the-art virtual screening workflow aiming at the identification of novel CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) antagonists. Although CCR7 is associated with a variety of human diseases, such as immunological disorders, inflammatory diseases, and cancer, this target is underexplored in drug discovery and there are no potent and selective CCR7 small molecule antagonists available today. Therefore, computer-aided ligand-based, structure-based, and joint virtual screening campaigns were performed. Hits from these virtual screenings were tested in a CCL19-induced calcium signaling assay. After careful evaluation, none of the in silico hits were confirmed to have an antagonistic effect on CCR7. Hence, we report here a valuable set of 287 inactive compounds that can be used as experimentally validated decoys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matic Proj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Steven De Jonghe
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tom Van Loy
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marko Jukič
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Thermodynamics, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia.,Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Anže Meden
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Luka Ciber
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Črtomir Podlipnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Uroš Grošelj
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Konc
- National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dominique Schols
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stanislav Gobec
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Abstract
Nuclear receptors are ligand-inducible transcriptional factors that control multiple biological phenomena, including proliferation, differentiation, reproduction, metabolism, and the maintenance of homeostasis. Members of the nuclear receptor superfamily have marked structural and functional similarities, and their domain functionalities and regulatory mechanisms have been well studied. Various modulators of nuclear receptors, including agonists and antagonists, have been developed as tools for elucidating nuclear receptor functions and also as drug candidates or lead compounds. Many assay systems are currently available to evaluate the modulation of nuclear receptor functions, and are useful as screening tools in the discovery and development of new modulators. In this review, we cover the chemical screening methods for nuclear receptor modulators, focusing on assay methods and chemical libraries for screening. We include some recent examples of the discovery of nuclear receptor modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan;
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9
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Abstract
Aim: The explosion of data based technology has accelerated pattern mining. However, it is clear that quality and bias of data impacts all machine learning and modeling. Results & methodology: A technique is presented for using the distribution of first significant digits of medicinal chemistry features: logP, logS, and pKa. experimental and predicted, to assess their following of Benford's law as seen in many natural phenomena. Conclusion: Quality of data depends on the dataset sizes, diversity, and magnitudes. Profiling based on drugs may be too small or narrow; using larger sets of experimentally determined or predicted values recovers the distribution seen in other natural phenomena. This technique may be used to improve profiling, machine learning, large dataset assessment and other data based methods for better (automated) data generation and designing compounds.
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10
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Tada I, Tsugawa H, Meister I, Zhang P, Shu R, Katsumi R, Wheelock CE, Arita M, Chaleckis R. Creating a Reliable Mass Spectral-Retention Time Library for All Ion Fragmentation-Based Metabolomics. Metabolites 2019; 9:E251. [PMID: 31717785 PMCID: PMC6918128 DOI: 10.3390/metabo9110251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate metabolite identification remains one of the primary challenges in a metabolomics study. A reliable chemical spectral library increases the confidence in annotation, and the availability of raw and annotated data in public databases facilitates the transfer of Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods across laboratories. Here, we illustrate how the combination of MS2 spectra, accurate mass, and retention time can improve the confidence of annotation and provide techniques to create a reliable library for all ion fragmentation (AIF) data with a focus on the characterization of the retention time. The resulting spectral library incorporates information on adducts and in-source fragmentation in AIF data, while noise peaks are effectively minimized through multiple deconvolution processes. We also report the development of the Mass Spectral LIbrary MAnager (MS-LIMA) tool to accelerate library sharing and transfer across laboratories. This library construction strategy improves the confidence in annotation for AIF data in LC-MS-based metabolomics and will facilitate the sharing of retention time and mass spectral data in the metabolomics community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipputa Tada
- Department of Genetics, SOKENDAI (Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsugawa
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Isabel Meister
- Division of Physiological Chemistry 2, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
| | - Pei Zhang
- Division of Physiological Chemistry 2, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
| | - Rie Shu
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
| | - Riho Katsumi
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
| | - Craig E. Wheelock
- Division of Physiological Chemistry 2, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
| | - Masanori Arita
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- Center for Information Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Romanas Chaleckis
- Division of Physiological Chemistry 2, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research (GIAR), Gunma University, Gunma 371-8510, Japan
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11
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Pei Y, Wang C, Ben H, Wang L, Ma Y, Ma Q, Xiang Y, Zhang L, Liu G. Discovery of New Hepatitis B Virus Capsid Assembly Modulators by an Optimal High-Throughput Cell-Based Assay. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:778-787. [PMID: 30761887 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In this article, a simple and effective high-throughput screening (HTS) assay was developed to identify anti-HBV compounds by using a HepAD38 luciferase reporter (HepAD38-luc) cell line that can effectively exclude the false positive hit compounds targeted on the tetracycline off (tet-off) regulation system. Through screening in-house chemical libraries, N-phenylpiperidine-3-carboxamide derivatives, represented by 1 and 2, were identified, while the other false positive hits (i.e., quinoxaline (3) and benzothiazin (4) derivatives) were simultaneously excluded. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit strong inhibitory activity against HBV replication in both HepAD38 and HepG2.2.15 cells. Further studies revealed that 1 and 2 reduced extracellular HBV DNA, HBeAg, and intracellular HBV intermediates, including total DNA, RNA, and precore RNA of HBV. Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and electron microscopy (EM) investigations demonstrated that 1 and 2 remarkably induced the formation of morphologically intact capsids and accelerated the dynamics of capsid assembly, suggesting that both 1 and 2 were type I capsid assembly modulators (CAMs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Pei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Renhuan Building, Room 311, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chunting Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Renhuan Building, Room 311, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haijing Ben
- School of Medicine, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University,Medical Sciences Building, Suite A209, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Medical Sciences Building, Suite A207, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yao Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Renhuan Building, Room 311, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qingyan Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Renhuan Building, Room 311, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ye Xiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Medical Sciences Building, Suite A207, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Linqi Zhang
- School of Medicine, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University,Medical Sciences Building, Suite A209, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Gang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Renhuan Building, Room 311, Beijing 100084, China
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12
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Moret N, Clark NA, Hafner M, Wang Y, Lounkine E, Medvedovic M, Wang J, Gray N, Jenkins J, Sorger PK. Cheminformatics Tools for Analyzing and Designing Optimized Small-Molecule Collections and Libraries. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:765-777.e3. [PMID: 30956147 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Libraries of well-annotated small molecules have many uses in chemical genetics, drug discovery, and therapeutic repurposing. Multiple libraries are available, but few data-driven approaches exist to compare them and design new libraries. We describe an approach to scoring and creating libraries based on binding selectivity, target coverage, and induced cellular phenotypes as well as chemical structure, stage of clinical development, and user preference. The approach, available via the online tool http://www.smallmoleculesuite.org, assembles sets of compounds with the lowest possible off-target overlap. Analysis of six kinase inhibitor libraries using our approach reveals dramatic differences among them and led us to design a new LSP-OptimalKinase library that outperforms existing collections in target coverage and compact size. We also describe a mechanism of action library that optimally covers 1,852 targets in the liganded genome. Our tools facilitate creation, analysis, and updates of both private and public compound collections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke Moret
- HMS LINCS and Druggable Genome Centers, Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Warren Alpert 444, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicholas A Clark
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Marc Hafner
- HMS LINCS and Druggable Genome Centers, Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Warren Alpert 444, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yuan Wang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Eugen Lounkine
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mario Medvedovic
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 360 Longwood Avenue, Longwood Center 2209, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nathanael Gray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, 360 Longwood Avenue, Longwood Center 2209, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jeremy Jenkins
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research Inc., 181 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- HMS LINCS and Druggable Genome Centers, Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Program in Therapeutic Science, Harvard Medical School, Warren Alpert 444, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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13
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Kikuchi H, Kawai K, Nakashiro Y, Yonezawa T, Kawaji K, Kodama EN, Oshima Y. Construction of a Meroterpenoid-Like Compounds Library Based on Diversity-Enhanced Extracts. Chemistry 2018; 25:1106-1112. [PMID: 30379362 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The structural diversity of natural products and their derivatives have long contributed to the development of new drugs. However, the difficulty in obtaining compounds bearing skeletally novel structures has recently led to a decline of pharmaceutical research into natural products. This paper reports the construction of a meroterpenoid-like library containing 25 compounds with diverse molecular scaffolds obtained from diversity-enhanced extracts. This method constitutes an approach for increasing the chemical diversity of natural-product-like compounds by combining natural product chemistry and diversity-oriented synthesis. Extensive pharmacological screening of the library revealed promising compounds for anti-osteoporotic and anti-lymphoma/leukemia drugs. This result indicates that the use of diversity-enhanced extracts is an effective methodology for producing chemical libraries for the purpose of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhisa Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kosuke Kawai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yota Nakashiro
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yonezawa
- Reseach Institute for Biological Functions, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Kumi Kawaji
- Division of Infectious Diseases, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University and Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Eiichi N Kodama
- Division of Infectious Diseases, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University and Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Oshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
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14
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Kasahara Y, Sakurai T, Matsuda R, Narukawa M, Yasuoka A, Mori N, Watanabe H, Okabe T, Kojima H, Abe K, Misaka T, Asakura T. Novel indole and benzothiophene ring derivatives showing differential modulatory activity against human epithelial sodium channel subunits, ENaC β and γ. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 83:243-250. [PMID: 30343635 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1533802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) plays a pivotal role in sodium homeostasis, and the development of drugs that modulate ENaC activity is of great potential therapeutic relevance. We screened 6100 chemicals for their ability to activate sodium permeability of ENaC. We used a two-step strategy: a high throughput cell-based assay and an electrophysiological assay. Five compounds were identified showing common structural features including an indole or benzothiophene ring. ENaC consists of three subunits: α, β, and γ. Changing the heteromeric combination of human and mouse ENaC αβγ subunits, we found that all five compounds activated the human β subunit but not the mouse subunit. However, four of them exhibited lower activity when the human γ subunit was substituted by the mouse γ subunit. Our findings provide a structural basis for designing human ENaC activity modulators. Abbreviations: ENaC: Epithelial sodium channel; ΔRFU: delta relative fluorescence units; EC50: Half-maximal effective concentration; Emax: maximum effect value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Kasahara
- a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Takanobu Sakurai
- a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Ryusei Matsuda
- a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Masataka Narukawa
- a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Akihito Yasuoka
- a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Naoki Mori
- a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Hidenori Watanabe
- a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Takayoshi Okabe
- b Drug Discovery Initiative (DDI) , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Hirotatsu Kojima
- b Drug Discovery Initiative (DDI) , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Keiko Abe
- a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan.,c Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology (KISTEC) , Kanagawa , Japan
| | - Takumi Misaka
- a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Tomiko Asakura
- a Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo , Japan
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15
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Ridge Y, Landini P, Thompson A. High-throughput screening of a collection of known pharmacologically active small compounds for inhibitors of Salmonella invasion and intracellular replication. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:724-730. [PMID: 29693760 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to screen a chemical library consisting of over 1200 pharmacologically active, already approved off-patent compounds, to determine whether any of the compounds reduced or eliminated the invasion or intracellular replication phenotypes of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium). METHODS AND RESULTS LacZ reporter and tissue culture-based infection assays were used to screen for compounds that significantly reduced expression of key virulence genes, and were required for the invasion or intracellular replication phenotypes of S. Typhimurium in host cells. The search lead to the discovery of four compounds that reduced invasion by between 90-100%, and two compounds that reduced intracellular replication by between 65-93% at concentrations of either 2, 10 or 50 μg ml-1 , relative to an untreated control strain. CONCLUSIONS We identified six compounds that significantly reduced expression of S. Typhimurium virulence genes resulting in decreased in vitro virulence. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of Salmonella poses a considerable and growing worldwide threat to human and animal health. The screening of off-patent chemical libraries represents a potential discovery route for novel antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ridge
- Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK
| | - P Landini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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16
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Chen L, Long C, Youn J, Lee J. A Phenotypic Cell-Binding Screen Identifies a Novel Compound Targeting Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. ACS Comb Sci 2018; 20:330-334. [PMID: 29718663 DOI: 10.1021/acscombsci.8b00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
We describe a "phenotypic cell-binding screen" by which therapeutic candidate targeting cancer cells of a particular phenotype can be isolated without knowledge of drug targets. Chemical library beads are incubated with cancer cells of the phenotype of interest in the presence of cancer cells lacking the phenotype of interest, and then the beads bound to only cancer cells of the phenotype of interest are selected as hits. We have applied this screening strategy in discovering a novel compound (LC129-8) targeting triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). LC129-8 displayed highly specific binding to TNBC in cancer cell lines and patient-derived tumor tissues. LC129-8 exerted anti-TNBC activity by inducing apoptosis, inhibiting proliferation, reversing epithelial-mesenchymal transition, downregulating cancer stem cell activity and blocking in vivo tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luxi Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Chao Long
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Jonghae Youn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Jiyong Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
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17
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Amos BK, Pook VG, Debolt S. Optimizing the Use of a Liquid Handling Robot to Conduct a High Throughput Forward Chemical Genetics Screen of Arabidopsis thaliana. J Vis Exp 2018:57393. [PMID: 29757282 PMCID: PMC6101032 DOI: 10.3791/57393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical genetics is increasingly being employed to decode traits in plants that may be recalcitrant to traditional genetics due to gene redundancy or lethality. However, the probability of a synthetic small molecule being bioactive is low; therefore, thousands of molecules must be tested in order to find those of interest. Liquid handling robotics systems are designed to handle large numbers of samples, increasing the speed with which a chemical library can be screened in addition to minimizing/standardizing error. To achieve a high-throughput forward chemical genetics screen of a library of 50,000 small molecules on Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis), protocols using a bench-top multichannel liquid handling robot were developed that require minimal technician involvement. With these protocols, 3,271 small molecules were discovered that caused visible phenotypic alterations. 1,563 compounds induced short roots, 1,148 compounds altered coloration, 383 compounds caused root hair and other, non-categorized, alterations, and 177 compounds inhibited germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Amos
- Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky
| | | | - Seth Debolt
- Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky;
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18
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Park K, Lee HE, Lee SH, Lee D, Lee T, Lee YM. Molecular and functional evaluation of a novel HIF inhibitor, benzopyranyl 1,2,3-triazole compound. Oncotarget 2018; 8:7801-7813. [PMID: 27999195 PMCID: PMC5352362 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia occurs in a variety of pathological events, including the formation of solid tumors. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α is stabilized under hypoxic conditions and is a key molecule in tumor growth and angiogenesis. Seeking to develop novel cancer therapeutics, we investigated small molecules from our in-house chemical libraries to target HIF-1α. We employed a dual-luciferase assay that uses a luciferase (Luc) reporter vector harboring five copies of hypoxia-responsive element (HRE) in the promoter. Under hypoxic conditions that increased Luc reporter activity by four-fold, we screened 144 different compounds, nine of which showed 30–50% inhibition of hypoxia-induced Luc reporter activity. Among these, “Compound 12, a benzopyranyl 1,2,3-triazole” was the most efficient at inhibiting the expression of HIF-1α under hypoxic conditions, reducing its expression by 80%. Under hypoxic conditions, the half maximal IC50 of the compound was 24 nM in HEK-293 human embryonic kidney cells, and 2 nM in A549 human lung carcinoma cells. Under hypoxic conditions, Compound 12 increased hydroxylated HIF-1α levels and HIF-1α ubiquitination, and also dose-dependently decreased HIF-1α target gene expression as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion. Furthermore, this compound inhibited VEGF-induced in vitro angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and in vivo, it inhibited chick chorioallantoic membrane angiogenesis. In allogaft assays, cotreatment with Compound 12 and gefitinib significantly inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis. Compound 12 can be a novel inhibitor of HIF-1α by accelerating its degradation, and shows much potential as an anti-cancer agent through its ability to suppress tumor growth and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghye Park
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, National Basic Research Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, 702-701, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Eun Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, National Basic Research Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, 702-701, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, National Basic Research Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, 702-701, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Doohyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, 702-701, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, 702-701, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - You Mie Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, National Basic Research Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis Regulation, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, 702-701, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, 702-701, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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19
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Abstract
Phenotype-based small molecule screens in zebrafish embryos and larvae have been successful in accelerating pathway and therapeutic discovery for diverse biological processes. Yet, the application of chemical screens to adult physiologies has been relatively limited due to additional demands on cost, space, and labor associated with screens in adult animals. In this study, we present a 3D printed system and methods for intermittent drug dosing that enable rapid and cost-effective chemical administration in adult zebrafish. Using prefilled screening plates, the system enables dosing of 96 fish in ∼3 min, with a 10-fold reduction in drug quantity compared to that used in previous chemical screens in adult zebrafish. We characterize water quality kinetics during immersion in the system and use these kinetics to rationally design intermittent dosing regimens that result in 100% fish survival. As a demonstration of system fidelity, we show the potential to identify two known chemical inhibitors of adult tail fin regeneration, cyclopamine and dorsomorphin. By developing methods for rapid and cost-effective chemical administration in adult zebrafish, this study expands the potential for small molecule discovery in postembryonic models of development, disease, and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian T Monstad-Rios
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Claire J Watson
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
| | - Ronald Y Kwon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington
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20
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent years, development of novel bioactive small molecules targeting autophagy has been implicated for autophagy-related disease treatment. Screening new small molecules regulating autophagy allows for the discovery of novel autophagy machinery and therapeutic agents. Areas covered: Two major screening methods for novel autophagy modulators are introduced in this review, namely target based screening and phenotype based screening. With increasing attention focused on chemical compound libraries, coupled with the development of new assay systems, this review attempts to provide an efficient strategy to explore autophagy biology and discover small molecules for the treatment of autophagy-related diseases. Expert opinion: Adopting an appropriate autophagy screening strategy is important for developing small molecules capable of treating neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. Phenotype based screening and target based screening were both used for developing effective small molecules. However, each of these methods has many pros and cons. An efficient approach is suggested to screen for novel lead compounds targeting autophagy, which could provide new hits with better efficiency and rapidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yun Hwang
- a Chemical Genomics Global Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Min Cho
- a Chemical Genomics Global Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jeong Kwon
- a Chemical Genomics Global Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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21
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Abstract
The plant endomembrane system is an extensively connected functional unit for exchanging material between compartments. Secretory and endocytic pathways allow dynamic trafficking of proteins, lipids, and other molecules, regulating a myriad of biological processes. Chemical genetics-the use of compounds to perturb biological processes in a fast, tunable, and transient manner-provides elegant tools for investigating this system. Here, we review how chemical genetics has helped to elucidate different aspects of membrane trafficking. We discuss different strategies for uncovering the modes of action of such compounds and their use in unraveling membrane trafficking regulators. We also discuss how the bioactive chemicals that are currently used as probes to interrogate endomembrane trafficking were discovered and analyze the results regarding membrane trafficking and pathway crosstalk. The integration of different expertises and the rational implementation of chemical genetic strategies will improve the identification of molecular mechanisms that drive intracellular trafficking and our understanding of how trafficking interfaces with plant physiology and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Norambuena
- Plant Molecular Biology Centre, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile;
| | - Ricardo Tejos
- Plant Molecular Biology Centre, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, 7800024 Santiago, Chile;
- Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, 111093 Iquique, Chile
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22
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Paudel A, Hamamoto H, Panthee S, Kaneko K, Matsunaga S, Kanai M, Suzuki Y, Sekimizu K. A Novel Spiro-Heterocyclic Compound Identified by the Silkworm Infection Model Inhibits Transcription in Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:712. [PMID: 28487682 PMCID: PMC5403886 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic compounds are a vital source of antimicrobial agents. To uncover therapeutically effective antimicrobial agents from a chemical library, we screened over 100,000 synthetic compounds for in vitro antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and evaluated the in vivo therapeutic effectiveness of the hits in S. aureus-infected silkworms. Three antimicrobial agents exhibited therapeutic effects in the silkworm infection model. One of these, GPI0363, a novel spiro-heterocyclic compound, was bacteriostatic and inhibited RNA synthesis in S. aureus cells. GPI0363-resistant S. aureus strains harbored a point mutation in the gene encoding the primary sigma factor, SigA, of RNA polymerase, and this mutation was responsible for the resistance to GPI0363. We further revealed that GPI0363 could bind to SigA, inhibit promoter-specific transcription in vitro, and prolong the survival of mice infected with methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Thus, GPI0363 is an attractive candidate therapeutic agent against drug-resistant S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atmika Paudel
- Institute of Medical Mycology, Teikyo UniversityHachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hamamoto
- Institute of Medical Mycology, Teikyo UniversityHachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Suresh Panthee
- Institute of Medical Mycology, Teikyo UniversityHachioji, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Kaneko
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Matsunaga
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Medical Genome Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of TokyoKashiwa, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Sekimizu
- Institute of Medical Mycology, Teikyo UniversityHachioji, Tokyo, Japan.,Genome Pharmaceuticals Institute Co., Ltd.Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Merlet B, Paulhe N, Vinson F, Frainay C, Chazalviel M, Poupin N, Gloaguen Y, Giacomoni F, Jourdan F. A Computational Solution to Automatically Map Metabolite Libraries in the Context of Genome Scale Metabolic Networks. Front Mol Biosci 2016; 3:2. [PMID: 26909353 PMCID: PMC4754433 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2016.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This article describes a generic programmatic method for mapping chemical compound libraries on organism-specific metabolic networks from various databases (KEGG, BioCyc) and flat file formats (SBML and Matlab files). We show how this pipeline was successfully applied to decipher the coverage of chemical libraries set up by two metabolomics facilities MetaboHub (French National infrastructure for metabolomics and fluxomics) and Glasgow Polyomics (GP) on the metabolic networks available in the MetExplore web server. The present generic protocol is designed to formalize and reduce the volume of information transfer between the library and the network database. Matching of metabolites between libraries and metabolic networks is based on InChIs or InChIKeys and therefore requires that these identifiers are specified in both libraries and networks. In addition to providing covering statistics, this pipeline also allows the visualization of mapping results in the context of metabolic networks. In order to achieve this goal, we tackled issues on programmatic interaction between two servers, improvement of metabolite annotation in metabolic networks and automatic loading of a mapping in genome scale metabolic network analysis tool MetExplore. It is important to note that this mapping can also be performed on a single or a selection of organisms of interest and is thus not limited to large facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Merlet
- TOXALIM (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1331, Université de Toulouse Toulouse, France
| | - Nils Paulhe
- Nutrition Humaine, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre Clermont-Ferrand-Theix, UMR 1019 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Florence Vinson
- TOXALIM (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1331, Université de Toulouse Toulouse, France
| | - Clément Frainay
- TOXALIM (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1331, Université de Toulouse Toulouse, France
| | - Maxime Chazalviel
- TOXALIM (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1331, Université de Toulouse Toulouse, France
| | - Nathalie Poupin
- TOXALIM (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1331, Université de Toulouse Toulouse, France
| | - Yoann Gloaguen
- Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow Glasgow, UK
| | - Franck Giacomoni
- Nutrition Humaine, Plateforme d'Exploration du Métabolisme, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre Clermont-Ferrand-Theix, UMR 1019 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Fabien Jourdan
- TOXALIM (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1331, Université de Toulouse Toulouse, France
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24
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Desroches-Castan A, Quélard D, Demeunynck M, Constant JF, Dong C, Keramidas M, Coll JL, Barette C, Lafanechère L, Feige JJ. A new chemical inhibitor of angiogenesis and tumorigenesis that targets the VEGF signaling pathway upstream of Ras. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5382-411. [PMID: 25742784 PMCID: PMC4467156 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapies on cancer patients is limited by the emergence of drug resistance, urging the search for second-generation drugs. In this study, we screened an academic chemical library (DCM, University of Grenoble-Alpes) and identified a leader molecule, COB223, that inhibits endothelial cell migration and proliferation. It inhibits also Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC/2) cell proliferation whereas it does not affect fibroblast proliferation. The anti-angiogenic activity of COB223 was confirmed using several in vitro and in vivo assays. In a mouse LLC/2 tumor model, ip administration of doses as low as 4 mg/kg COB223 efficiently reduced the tumor growth rate. We observed that COB223 inhibits endothelial cell ERK1/2 phosphorylation induced by VEGF, FGF-2 or serum and that it acts downstream of PKC and upstream of Ras. This molecule represents a novel anti-angiogenic and anti-tumorigenic agent with an original mechanism of action that deserves further development as an anti-cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Desroches-Castan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1036, Biology of Cancer and Infection, Grenoble, F-38054, France.,Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV/iRTSV, Grenoble, F-38054, France
| | - Delphine Quélard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1036, Biology of Cancer and Infection, Grenoble, F-38054, France.,Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV/iRTSV, Grenoble, F-38054, France.,Janssen, Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson and Johnson, Issy-les-Moulineaux, F-92130, France
| | - Martine Demeunynck
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5063, Department of Molecular Pharmacochemistry, Grenoble, F-38041, France
| | - Jean-François Constant
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5250, Department of Molecular Chemistry, Grenoble, F-38041, France
| | - Chongling Dong
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5250, Department of Molecular Chemistry, Grenoble, F-38041, France
| | - Michelle Keramidas
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 823, Albert Bonniot Research Center, La Tronche, F-38700, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coll
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 823, Albert Bonniot Research Center, La Tronche, F-38700, France
| | - Caroline Barette
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV/iRTSV, Grenoble, F-38054, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1038, Large Scale Biology, Grenoble, F-38054, France
| | - Laurence Lafanechère
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV/iRTSV, Grenoble, F-38054, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 823, Albert Bonniot Research Center, La Tronche, F-38700, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Feige
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité 1036, Biology of Cancer and Infection, Grenoble, F-38054, France.,Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Health Sciences, Grenoble, F-38000, France.,Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique (CEA), DSV/iRTSV, Grenoble, F-38054, France
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Hasson SA, Fogel AI, Wang C, MacArthur R, Guha R, Heman-Ackah S, Martin S, Youle RJ, Inglese J. Chemogenomic profiling of endogenous PARK2 expression using a genome-edited coincidence reporter. ACS Chem Biol 2015; 10:1188-97. [PMID: 25689131 PMCID: PMC9927027 DOI: 10.1021/cb5010417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is a central mediator of mitochondrial quality control and is linked to familial forms of Parkinson's disease (PD). Removal of dysfunctional mitochondria from the cell by Parkin is thought to be neuroprotective, and pharmacologically increasing Parkin levels may be a novel therapeutic approach. We used genome-editing to integrate a coincidence reporter into the PARK2 gene locus of a neuroblastoma-derived cell line and developed a quantitative high-throughput screening (qHTS) assay capable of accurately detecting subtle compound-mediated increases in endogenous PARK2 expression. Interrogation of a chemogenomic library revealed diverse chemical classes that up-regulate the PARK2 transcript, including epigenetic agents, drugs controlling cholesterol biosynthesis, and JNK inhibitors. Use of the coincidence reporter eliminated wasted time pursuing reporter-biased false positives accounting for ∼2/3 of the actives and, coupled with titration-based screening, greatly improves the efficiency of compound selection. This approach represents a strategy to revitalize reporter-gene assays for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A. Hasson
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892,These authors contributed equally
| | - Adam I. Fogel
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892,These authors contributed equally
| | - Chunxin Wang
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ryan MacArthur
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Rajarshi Guha
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Sabrina Heman-Ackah
- NIH Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland 20892
| | - Scott Martin
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD 20850
| | - Richard J. Youle
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - James Inglese
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Rockville, MD 20850,National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892,To whom correspondence should be addressed. , Phone: 301-217-5723, Fax: 301-217-5736
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26
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Pierce CG, Saville SP, Lopez-Ribot JL. High-content phenotypic screenings to identify inhibitors of Candida albicans biofilm formation and filamentation. Pathog Dis 2014; 70:423-31. [PMID: 24623598 DOI: 10.1111/2049-632x.12161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Candida species represent the main cause of opportunistic fungal infections worldwide, and Candida albicans remains the most common etiological agent of candidiasis, now the third to fourth most common nosocomial infection. These infections are typically associated with high morbidity and mortality, mainly due to the limited efficacy of current antifungal drugs. In C. albicans, morphogenetic conversions between yeast and filamentous forms and biofilm formation represent two important biological processes that are intimately associated with the biology of this fungus and also play important roles during the pathogenesis of candidiasis. We have performed cell-based phenotypic screens using three different chemical libraries from the National Cancer Institute's Open Chemical Repository collection and identified several compounds with inhibitory activity against C. albicans biofilm formation and/or filamentation. These phenotype-based approaches represent a prosperous alternative to conventional genetics and genomics techniques to address experimentally challenging and complex biological phenomena, such as biofilm formation and filamentation, while at the same time opening new possibilities for the development of new antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Pierce
- Department of Biology and South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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27
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Karjalainen K, Pasqualini R, Cortes JE, Kornblau SM, Lichtiger B, O'Brien S, Kantarjian HM, Sidman RL, Arap W, Koivunen E. Design, development, and validation of a high-throughput drug-screening assay for targeting of human leukemia. Cancer 2013; 120:589-602. [PMID: 24496871 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The authors developed an ex vivo methodology to perform drug library screening against human leukemia. METHODS The strategy for this screening relied on human blood or bone marrow cultures under hypoxia; under these conditions, leukemia cells deplete oxygen faster than normal cells, causing a hemoglobin oxygenation shift. Several advantages were observed: 1) partial recapitulation of the leukemia microenvironment, 2) use of native hemoglobin oxygenation as a real-time sensor/reporter, 3) cost-effectiveness, 4) species specificity, and 5) a format that enables high-throughput screening. RESULTS For a proof of concept, a chemical library (size, approximately 20,000 compounds) was screened against human leukemia cells. Seventy compounds were identified ("hit" rate, 0.35%; Z-factor = 0.71) that had activity, and 20 compounds were examined to identify 18 true-positive compounds (90%). Finally, the results demonstrated that carbonohydraxonic diamide group-containing compounds are potent antileukemia agents that induce cell death in leukemia cells and in patient-derived samples. CONCLUSIONS The current results indicated that this unique functional assay can identify novel drug candidates and can help with the development of future applications in personalized drug selection for patients with leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Karjalainen
- David H. Koch Center, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Division of Biochemistry, The University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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28
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Abstract
Pharmacoperone drugs correct the folding of misfolded protein mutants and restore function (i.e., "rescue") by correcting the routing of (otherwise) misrouted mutants. Assays for pharmacoperones have not been applied to screen large libraries previously. Currently, most pharmacoperones possess intrinsic agonist or antagonist activities since these were identified using high-throughput screens aimed at discovering direct agonists or antagonists. Here we describe an ultra-high-throughput compatible no-wash assay system designed to specifically identify pharmacoperones of the vasopressin type 2 receptor (V2R). Development of such assays is important and novel since useful chemical structures with the ability to control cellular trafficking but lacking intrinsic agonist or antagonist properties have not likely been identified using existing screens. In the described assay, the level of functional human V2R (hV2R) (mutant) present in each test well is quantitated by stimulation with saturating levels of agonist followed by use of a luminescent-based cyclic adenosine monophosphate assay. This allows the assay to identify compounds that increase the trafficking of mutant hV2R[L(83)Q] in our model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Michael Conn
- Divisions of Reproductive Sciences and Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA.
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29
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Ito S, Kitahata N, Umehara M, Hanada A, Kato A, Ueno K, Mashiguchi K, Kyozuka J, Yoneyama K, Yamaguchi S, Asami T. A new lead chemical for strigolactone biosynthesis inhibitors. Plant Cell Physiol 2010; 51:1143-50. [PMID: 20522488 PMCID: PMC2900822 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcq077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Several triazole-containing chemicals have previously been shown to act as efficient inhibitors of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. To discover a strigolactone biosynthesis inhibitor, we screened a chemical library of triazole derivatives to find chemicals that induce tiller bud outgrowth of rice seedlings. We discovered a triazole-type chemical, TIS13 [2,2-dimethyl-7-phenoxy-4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)heptan-3-ol], which induced outgrowth of second tiller buds of wild-type seedlings, as observed for non-treated strigolactone-deficient d10 mutant seedlings. TIS13 treatment reduced strigolactone levels in both roots and root exudates in a concentration-dependent manner. Co-application of GR24, a synthetic strigolactone, with TIS13 canceled the TIS13-induced tiller bud outgrowth. Taken together, these results indicate that TIS13 inhibits strigolactone biosynthesis in rice seedlings. We propose that TIS13 is a new lead compound for the development of specific strigolactone biosynthesis inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsaku Ito
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Nobutaka Kitahata
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | | | | | - Atsutaka Kato
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Kotomi Ueno
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | | | - Junko Kyozuka
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
| | - Koichi Yoneyama
- Weed Science Center, Utsunomiya University, 350 Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, 321-8505 Japan
| | | | - Tadao Asami
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657 Japan
- *Corresponding author: E-mail, ; Fax, +81-3-5841-5157
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30
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Chung TD, Sergienko E, Millán JL. Assay format as a critical success factor for identification of novel inhibitor chemotypes of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase from high-throughput screening. Molecules 2010; 15:3010-37. [PMID: 20657462 PMCID: PMC3392958 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15053010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2010] [Accepted: 04/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) isozyme is centrally involved in the control of normal skeletal mineralization and pathophysiological abnormalities that lead to disease states such as hypophosphatasia, osteoarthritis, ankylosis and vascular calcification. TNAP acts in concert with the nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase-1 (NPP1) and the Ankylosis protein to regulate the extracellular concentrations of inorganic pyrophosphate (PP(i)), a potent inhibitor of mineralization. In this review we describe the serial development of two miniaturized high-throughput screens (HTS) for TNAP inhibitors that differ in both signal generation and detection formats, but more critically in the concentrations of a terminal alcohol acceptor used. These assay improvements allowed the rescue of the initially unsuccessful screening campaign against a large small molecule chemical library, but moreover enabled the discovery of several unique classes of molecules with distinct mechanisms of action and selectivity against the related placental (PLAP) and intestinal (IAP) alkaline phosphatase isozymes. This illustrates the underappreciated impact of the underlying fundamental assay configuration on screening success, beyond mere signal generation and detection formats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas D.Y. Chung
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; E-Mails: (T.D.Y.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Eduard Sergienko
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; E-Mails: (T.D.Y.C.); (E.S.)
| | - José Luis Millán
- Sanford Children’s Health Research Center, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Kochetkov DV, Il'inskaia GV, Komarov PG, Strom E, Agapova LS, Ivanov AV, Budanov AV, Frolova EI, Chumakov PM. [Transcriptional inhibition of human papilloma virus in cervical carcinoma cells reactivates functions of the tumor suppressor p53]. Mol Biol (Mosk) 2007; 41:515-23. [PMID: 17685229 PMCID: PMC2745098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Inactivation of tumor suppressor p53 accompanies the majority of malignant diseases in humans. Restoration of p53 functions in tumor results in death of cancer cells, which can be used in cancer therapy. In cervical cancer a product of E6 gene of the human papilloma virus promotes accelerated degradation of p53 in proteasome system. Therefore, one of the approaches to reactivation of p53 in cervical carcinoma cells could be the use of small molecules that inhibit functions of viral proteins. By using as a test system human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa cell line bearing human papilloma virus type 18, HPV-18) with introduced reporter construct that expresses beta-galactosidase under control of a p53-dependent promoter we carried out screening of a library of small molecules to select small molecules capable of reactivating transcriptional activity of p53. We then characterized the effects of two most active compounds in cell lines that differ in the status of p53-dependent signaling pathway. Both of the compounds caused specific activation of p53 in the cell lines expressing HPV-18, to a lesser extent--HPV-16, and do not cause any effect in control p53 negative cells, or in the cells with undisrupted p53 pathway. Activation of p53 in cervical carcinoma cells was accompanied by the induction of the p53-dependent gene CDKN1 (p21), by inhibition of proliferation, and by the induction of apoptosis. Both of the compounds were capable of deep inhibition of transcription from the HPV genome, which apparently was the cause for p53 reactivation in response to decreased expression of the E6 protein. The observed low toxicity for normal cells allows considering these chemical compounds as prototypes for future anticancer drugs.
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