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Sipilä L, Sievänen H, Raitanen J, Kyröläinen H, Vasankari T, Vaara JP, Honkanen T. Is device-measured physical activity associated with musculoskeletal disorders among young adult Finnish men? Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1346118. [PMID: 38894733 PMCID: PMC11183498 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1346118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders represent a significant burden to society and can be unpleasant for the affected individuals. Physical activity (PA) can prevent MSK disorders while conferring other health benefits. The present study aimed to investigate associations between device-measured PA and perceived MSK disorders among young adult men. Methods PA at different intensity levels, standing, and sedentary behavior were measured with a hip-worn accelerometer in a cohort of 422 young adult Finnish men aged 26 years on average. The incidences of three common MSK disorders (viz., knee pain, lumbar radicular pain, and lumbago pain) during the last month were inquired by a questionnaire. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the associations between the MSK outcomes and explanatory PA variables (PA times at different intensity levels, standing, and sedentary times). The models were controlled for age, education, smoking, BMI, and maximal oxygen uptake. Results PA, standing, and sedentary times were not significantly associated with the incidence of perceived MSK pain during the last month, except for lumbago pain. Lumbago pain was slightly more probable if the time spent in light PA increased, even after controlling for potential confounding factors, including moderate-to-vigorous PA, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.07 (95% CI: 1.02-1.14). Sedentary time showed an opposite association, with an OR of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96-1.00). Conclusions There were neither positive nor negative clinically meaningful associations between PA and recent MSK disorders among young adult men. The result is surprising and requires further confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumi Sipilä
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Harri Sievänen
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jani Raitanen
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Social Sciences (Health Sciences), Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heikki Kyröläinen
- Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jani P. Vaara
- Department of Leadership and Military Pedagogy, National Defence University, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuomas Honkanen
- Aeromedical Centre, Centre for Military Medicine, Helsinki, Finland
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Riaz S, Shakil Ur Rehman S, Hassan D, Hafeez S. Gamified Exercise with Kinect: Can Kinect-Based Virtual Reality Training Improve Physical Performance and Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women with Osteopenia? A Randomized Controlled Trial. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3577. [PMID: 38894367 PMCID: PMC11175348 DOI: 10.3390/s24113577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteopenia, caused by estrogen deficiency in postmenopausal women (PMW), lowers Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and increases bone fragility. It affects about half of older women's social and physical health. PMW experience pain and disability, impacting their health-related Quality of Life (QoL) and function. This study aimed to determine the effects of Kinect-based Virtual Reality Training (VRT) on physical performance and QoL in PMW with osteopenia. METHODOLOGY The study was a prospective, two-arm, parallel-design, randomized controlled trial. Fifty-two participants were recruited in the trial, with 26 randomly assigned to each group. The experimental group received Kinect-based VRT thrice a week for 24 weeks, each lasting 45 min. Both groups were directed to participate in a 30-min walk outside every day. Physical performance was measured by the Time Up and Go Test (TUG), Functional Reach Test (FRT), Five Times Sit to Stand Test (FTSST), Modified Sit and Reach Test (MSRT), Dynamic Hand Grip Strength (DHGS), Non-Dynamic Hand Grip Strength (NDHGS), BORG Score and Dyspnea Index. Escala de Calidad de vida Osteoporosis (ECOS-16) questionnaire measured QoL. Both physical performance and QoL measures were assessed at baseline, after 12 weeks, and after 24 weeks. Data were analyzed on SPSS 25. RESULTS The mean age of the PMW participants was 58.00 ± 5.52 years. In within-group comparison, all outcome variables (TUG, FRT, FTSST, MSRT, DHGS, NDHGS, BORG Score, Dyspnea, and ECOS-16) showed significant improvements (p < 0.001) from baseline at both the 12th and 24th weeks and between baseline and the 24th week in the experimental group. In the control group, all outcome variables except FRT (12th week to 24th week) showed statistically significant improvements (p < 0.001) from baseline at both the 12th and 24th weeks and between baseline and the 24th week. In between-group comparison, the experimental group demonstrated more significant improvements in most outcome variables at all points than the control group (p < 0.001), indicating the positive additional effects of Kinect-based VRT. CONCLUSION The study concludes that physical performance and QoL measures were improved in both the experimental and control groups. However, in the group comparison, these variables showed better results in the experimental group. Thus, Kinect-based VRT is an alternative and feasible intervention to improve physical performance and QoL in PMW with osteopenia. This novel approach may be widely applicable in upcoming studies, considering the increasing interest in virtual reality-based therapy for rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saima Riaz
- Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (S.S.U.R.); (D.H.)
| | - Syed Shakil Ur Rehman
- Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (S.S.U.R.); (D.H.)
| | - Danish Hassan
- Riphah College of Rehabilitation and Allied Health Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (S.S.U.R.); (D.H.)
| | - Sana Hafeez
- School of Health Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
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Guðmundsdóttir SL, Berger C, Macdonald H, Adachi JD, Hopman WM, Kaiser SM, Kovacs CS, Davison KS, Morin SN, Goltzman D, Prior JC. Sedentary behavior does not predict low BMD nor fracture-population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study. J Bone Miner Res 2024; 39:231-240. [PMID: 38477796 DOI: 10.1093/jbmr/zjae004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Sedentary behavior (SB) or sitting is associated with multiple unfavorable health outcomes. Bone tissue responds to imposed gravitational and muscular strain with there being some evidence suggesting a causal link between SB and poor bone health. However, there are no population-based data on the longitudinal relationship between SB, bone change, and incidence of fragility fractures. This study aimed to examine the associations of sitting/SB (defined as daily sitting time), areal BMD (by DXA), and incident low trauma (fragility) osteoporotic fractures (excluding hands, feet, face, and head). We measured baseline (1995-7) and 10-yr self-reported SB, femoral neck (FN), total hip (TH), and lumbar spine (L1-L4) BMD in 5708 women and 2564 men aged 25 to 80+ yr from the population-based, nationwide, 9-center Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study. Incident 10-yr fragility fracture data were obtained from 4624 participants; >80% of fractures were objectively confirmed by medical records or radiology reports. Vertebral fractures were confirmed by qualitative morphological methods. All analyses were stratified by sex. Multivariable regression models assessed SB-BMD relationships; Cox proportional models were fit for fracture risk. Models were adjusted for age, height, BMI, physical activity, and sex-specific covariates. Women in third/fourth quartiles had lower adjusted FN BMD versus women with the least SB (first quartile); women in the SB third quartile had lower adjusted TH BMD. Men in the SB third quartile had lower adjusted FN BMD than those in SB first quartile. Neither baseline nor stable 10-yr SB was related to BMD change nor to incident fragility fractures. Increased sitting (SB) in this large, population-based cohort was associated with lower baseline FN BMD. Stable SB was not associated with 10-yr BMD loss nor increased fragility fracture. In conclusion, habitual adult SB was not associated with subsequent loss of BMD nor increased risk of fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigríður Lára Guðmundsdóttir
- School of Education, Department of Health Promotion, Sport and Leisure Studies, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Claudie Berger
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3H 2R9, Canada
| | - Heather Macdonald
- Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1, Canada
- Active Aging Research Team, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Jonathan D Adachi
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Wilma M Hopman
- Kingston General Hospital Research Institute, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON K7L 2V7, Canada
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Stephanie M Kaiser
- Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 2Y9, Canada
| | - Christopher S Kovacs
- Discipline of Medicine/Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada
| | | | - Suzanne N Morin
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3H 2R9, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - David Goltzman
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H3H 2R9, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jerilynn C Prior
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Menstrual Cycle and Ovulation Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Wang M, Wu F, Callisaya ML, Jones G, Winzenberg TM. Longitudinal associations of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time with leg muscle strength, balance and falls in middle-aged women. Eur J Sport Sci 2023; 23:2240-2250. [PMID: 37272369 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2023.2222096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We examined the longitudinal associations of accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time with leg muscle strength (LMS), balance, and falls in middle-aged women. This was a 5-year cohort study among 308 women aged 36-56 years. We used linear mixed-effects models to examine associations of baseline and change in accelerometer-measured sedentary time, light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with baseline and 5-year change in LMS and balance (timed up and go test [TUG], functional reach test [FRT], lateral reach test [LRT], and step test [ST]), and negative binomial/Poisson and log-binomial regression as appropriate to assess associations with falls after 5-year follow-up. Greater baseline MVPA was associated with better baseline LMS (β = 4.65 kg/SD, 95% CI: 1.37, 7.93) and TUG (β = -0.09 s/SD, 95% CI: -0.18, -0.01) but not with change in them over 5 years. Baseline MVPA was not associated with FRT at baseline but associated with a greater decrease in FRT (β = -0.87 cm/SD, 95% CI: -1.57, -0.17). Increased MVPA over 5 years was associated with less deterioration in FRT (β = 0.88 cm/SD, 95% CI: 0.14, 1.61). Increased sedentary time over 5 years was associated with a larger decrease in FRT (β = -0.82 cm/SD, 95% CI: -1.58, -0.07). Higher baseline LPA was associated with higher falls risk (IRR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.57). Higher baseline MVPA may benefit LMS and balance, while increasing MVPA in the medium term has little effect on change in these outcomes in mid-life. Detrimental association of LPA with falls may be due to greater exposures to environmental hazards.HighlightsOur study for the first time examined the longitudinal associations of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time with leg muscle strength, balance and falls in middle-aged women.Higher baseline moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) may be beneficial for muscle strength and balance at baseline but increasing MVPA in the medium term has little effect on change in LMS or balance outcomes in middle-aged women.Higher baseline light physical activity (LPA) was associated with an increased risk of falls.The detrimental association of LPA with falls may be due to a greater exposure to environmental hazards in midlife, which needs to be clarified in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Feitong Wu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Michele L Callisaya
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
- Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Tania M Winzenberg
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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Salway R, Augustin NH, Armstrong MEG. Tortoise or Hare? The Associations between Physical Activity Volume and Intensity Distribution and the Risk of All-Cause Mortality: A Large Prospective Analysis of the UK Biobank. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6401. [PMID: 37510633 PMCID: PMC10378963 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20146401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Analysis methods to determine the optimal combination of volume and intensity of objectively measured physical activity (PA) with prospective outcomes are limited. Participants in UK Biobank were recruited in the UK between 2006 and 2010. We linked the questionnaire and accelerometer with all-cause mortality data from the NHS Information Centre and NHS Central Register up to April 2021. We developed a novel method, extending the penalized spline model of Augustin et al. to a smooth additive Cox model for survival data, and estimated the prospective relationship between intensity distribution and all-cause mortality, adjusting for the overall volume of PA. We followed 84,166 men and women (aged 40-69) for an average of 6.4 years (range 5.3-7.9), with an observed mortality rate of 22.2 deaths per 1000. Survival rates differed by PA volume quartile, with poorer outcomes for the lowest PA volumes. Participants with more sedentary to light intensity PA (<100 milligravities (mg)) and/or less vigorous intensity PA (>250 mg) than average for a given volume of PA, had higher mortality rates than vice versa. Approximate hazard ratios were 0.83 (95% credible interval [CI]: 0.79, 0.88) for an average-risk profile compared to a high-risk profile and 0.80 (95% CI: 0.74, 0.87) for a low-risk profile compared to an average-risk profile. A high- versus low-risk profile has the equivalent of 15 min more slow walking, but 10 min less moderate walking. At low PA volumes, increasing overall volume suggests the most benefit in reducing all-cause mortality risk. However, at higher overall volumes, substituting lighter with more vigorous intensity activity suggests greater benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Salway
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TZ, UK
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Lin WTM, Lin BS, Lee IJ, Lee SH. Development of a Smartphone-Based mHealth Platform for Telerehabilitation. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2022; 30:2682-2691. [PMID: 36063516 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2022.3204148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Telerehabilitation is becoming increasingly valuable as a method for expanding medical services. The smartphone-based mHealth platform (SMPT) has been developed to provide high-quality remote rehabilitation through a smartphone and inertial measurement units. The SMPT uses smartphone as a main platform with connection to medical backend server to provide telerehabilitation. Patients would be referred to therapists to receive a tutorial of exercise technique prior to conducting their home exercise. Once patients begin their home exercises, they can report any problems instantly through the SMPT. The medical staff can adjust the exercise program according to patient feedback and the data collected by the SMPT. After completing the exercise program, patients visit their clinician for re-evaluation. A Service User Technology Acceptability Questionnaire from both medical professional and public perspective revealed a high level of agreement on enhanced care, increased accessibility, and satisfaction and a moderate level of agreement on the use of this platform as a substitute for traditional rehabilitation. Concerns about privacy and discomfort were low in the medical professional and public groups. Concerns about care personnel were also significantly different between the two groups. The SMPT is a promising system for providing telerehabilitation as an adjunct to traditional rehabilitation, which may result in improved outcomes compared with those achieved when using traditional rehabilitation alone.
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Oliveira JMD, Quirino JADO, Correia NS, Santana AV, Rugila DF, Furlanetto KC. Do simple and quick functional tests reflect a more comprehensive test or physical activity in daily life in healthy young subjects? FISIOTERAPIA E PESQUISA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-2950/20016529022022en] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Considering the wide use of functional tests and that faster and simpler evaluations are preferable, this study aimed to verify the association between five protocols of simple functional tests (timed up and go [TUG], four-meter gait speed [4MGS] and sit-to-stand [STS] in five-repetitions [STS5rep], 30-seconds [STS30sec] and one-minute [STS1min] protocols) and the six-minute walk test (6MWT), as well as physical activity in daily life (PADL) in healthy young subjects. In this cross-sectional study, PADL was quantified by a pedometer validated for step counting and we considered the mean of seven consecutive days during the time awake. We assessed functional capacity by the TUG, 4MGS, STS5rep, STS30sec, and STS1min tests and the 6MWT. A total of 79 subjects without lung functional impairments were included (49% male, aged 28 [23-36] years). Performance of simple functional tests correlated with the 6MWT (0.23<r <0.56; P<0.05 for all) and the TUG test showed the best association (R2= 0.34). However, simple functional tests did not correlate with PADL (0.03< r <0.13; P>0.05 for all). The less time-consuming functional tests were weakly-moderately related to the 6MWT in healthy young subjects. The TUG showed the best association and explained up to 34% of the 6MWT. However, the 6MWT cannot be replaced by none of these simple functional tests. Finally, functional capacity showed no association with physical activity in daily life assessed by the pedometers in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Natielly Soares Correia
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Brazil; Universidade Norte do Paraná, Brazil; Universidade Norte do Paraná, Brazil
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Muscle quality indices separately associate with joint-level power-related measures of the knee extensors in older males. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:2271-2281. [PMID: 35849183 PMCID: PMC9463346 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate associations of muscle quality indices with joint-level power-related measures in the knee extensors of thirty-two older males (65-88 years). METHODS Muscle quality indices included: echo intensity, ratio of intracellular- to total water content (ICW/TW), and specific muscle strength. Echo intensity was acquired from the rectus femoris (EIRF) and vastus lateralis (EIVL) by ultrasonography. ICW/TW was computed from electrical resistance of the right thigh obtained by bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy. Specific muscle strength was determined as the normalized maximal voluntary isometric knee extension (MVIC) torque to estimated knee extensor volume. Isotonic maximal effort knee extensions with a load set to 20% MVIC torque were performed to obtain the knee extension power-related measures (peak power, rate of power development [RPD], and rate of velocity development [RVD]). Power and RPD were normalized to MVIC. RESULTS There were no significant correlations between muscle quality indices except between EIRF and EIVL (|r|≤ 0.253, P ≥ 0.162). EIRF was negatively correlated with normalized RPD and RVD (r ≤ - 0.361, P ≤ 0.050). ICW/TW was positively correlated with normalized peak power (r = 0.421, P = 0.020). Specific muscle strength was positively correlated with absolute peak power and RPD (r ≥ 0.452, P ≤ 0.012). CONCLUSION Knee extension power-related measures were lower in participants with higher EI, lower ICW/TW, and lower specific muscle strength, but the muscle quality indices may be determined by independent physiological characteristics.
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Johnson NR, Kotarsky CJ, Mahoney SJ, Sawyer BC, Stone KA, Byun W, Hackney KJ, Mitchell S, Stastny SN. Evenness of Dietary Protein Intake Is Positively Associated with Lean Mass and Strength in Healthy Women. Nutr Metab Insights 2022; 15:11786388221101829. [PMID: 35734029 PMCID: PMC9208033 DOI: 10.1177/11786388221101829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Evenness of protein intake is associated with increased lean mass, but its relationship with muscle strength and performance is uncertain. Objectives: We determined the association of evenness of protein intake with lean mass, muscle strength and endurance, and functional ability. Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Setting: Data were collected at a research university in the upper midwestern United States. Participants: One hundred ninety-two healthy women, aged 18 to 79 years, mean ± SEM 41.9 ± 1.3, completed the study. Measurements: Dietary intake was assessed using 3-day food diaries verified with food frequency questionnaires. To assess evenness of protein intake, the day was divided into 3 periods: waking to 11:30, 11:31 to 16:30, and after 16:30. Lean mass was measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Lower-body muscle strength and endurance were determined using isokinetic dynamometry. Upper-body muscle strength was maximal handgrip strength. Functional ability was assessed using 6-m gait speed and 30-second chair stand tests. Accelerometry measured physical activity. Results: Intakes of 25 g or more of protein at 1 or more of the 3 periods was positively associated with lean mass (β ± S.E.; 1.067 ± 0.273 kg, P < .001) and upper-body (3.274 ± 0.737 kg, P < .001) and lower-body strength (22.858 ± 7.918 Nm, P = .004) when controlling for age, body mass index, physical activity, and energy and protein intakes. Consuming at least 0.24 g/kg/period for those under 60 years and 0.4 g/kg/period for those 60 years and older was related to lean mass (0.754 ± 0.244 kg, P = .002), upper-body strength (2.451 ± 0.658 kg, P < .001), and lower-body endurance (184.852 ± 77.185 J, P = .018), controlling for the same variables. Conclusions: Evenness of protein intake is related to lean mass, muscle strength, and muscular endurance in women. Spreading protein intake throughout the day maximizes the anabolic response to dietary protein, benefiting muscle mass and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel R Johnson
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Christopher J Kotarsky
- Department of Health and Human Physiological Sciences, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY, USA
| | - Sean J Mahoney
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Bailee C Sawyer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Public Health, and Nutrition Science, Tarleton State University, Stephenville, TX, USA
| | - Kara A Stone
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Central Oklahoma, Edmond, OK, USA
| | - Wonwoo Byun
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kyle J Hackney
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | | | - Sherri N Stastny
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
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Lu Y, Wiltshire HD, Baker JS, Wang Q. Effects of Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Exercise on 24 h Movement Behaviors in Inactive Female University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127177. [PMID: 35742425 PMCID: PMC9223473 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine if low-volume, high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) was associated with changes in 24-h movement behaviors. A quasi-experimental study design was used. We collected accelerometry data from 21 eligible participants who consistently wore an ActiGraph for a period of two-weeks. Differences in behaviors were analyzed using a paired t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance. Regression analysis was used to explore relationships with factors that impacted changes. The results indicated a compensatory increase in sedentary time (ST) (4.4 ± 6.0%, p < 0.01) and a decrease in light-intensity physical activity (LPA) (−7.3 ± 16.7%, p < 0.05). Meanwhile, moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA), vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA), and total physical activity (TPA) increased following exercise (p < 0.001). Sleep duration and prolonged sedentary time were reduced (p < 0.05). Exercise intensity and aerobic capacity were associated with changes in ST. The results from the study indicate that participating in a low-volume HIIE encouraged participants who were previously inactive to become more active. The observations of increases in ST may have displaced a prolonged sitting time. The decrease in sleeping time observed may be reflecting an increased sleep quality in connection with increased higher-intensity PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Lu
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China;
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK;
| | - Huw D. Wiltshire
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK;
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong;
| | - Qiaojun Wang
- Faculty of Sport Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315000, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13805885586
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The Role of Daily Step Count in Determining Risk Factors for Falls. J Aging Phys Act 2022; 31:400-407. [DOI: 10.1123/japa.2022-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Falls risk is often assessed without considering exposure to risk. We examined the risk factors associated with falls in those with greater and lower levels of daily step count. Falls were recorded over 12 months using bimonthly calendars in community-dwelling older people (mean age 72.0, SD 6.9). Daily step count was measured using a pedometer worn consecutively for 7 days. A cut score of <5,575.5 steps/day was used to identify people with lower step count. Negative binominal models were used to identify cognitive, medical, and sensorimotor factors associated with falls in those with higher versus lower levels of daily step count. In those with lower daily step count, poorer executive function, slower gait speed, and lower steps per day were associated with increased falls risk. In those with higher step count, only mood was associated with increased falls risk. Considering daily step count is important when assessing falls risk in older people.
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Pirôpo US, Costa SM, Ribeiro ÍJS, Freire IV, Schettino L, da Silva Passos R, Machado M, Casotti CA, Pereira R. Influence of Physically Active or Sedentary Lifestyle on Postural Control of Community-dwelling Old Adults. EXERCISE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.26644/em.2021.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The maintenance of the postural balance is fundamental for the daily living activities, as well as for the practice of physical exercise. However, the aging process and sedentary behavior (i.e., large sitting time) lead to changes biological systems, impairing postural balance with consequent increased falls risk. On the other hand, physical activity practice is a protective factor against these trends. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of physical activity profile and sedentary behavior on postural control in community-dwelling old adults.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including 208 community-dwelling old adults, which were stratified as sufficiently or insufficiently physically active and with or without sedentary behavior. Then, they were grouped as follow: G1 (sufficiently physically active and without sedentary behavior), G2 (insufficiently physically active, but without sedentary behavior), G3 (sufficiently physically active, but with sedentary behavior), and G4 (insufficiently physically active and with sedentary behavior).Results: Stabilometric parameters (sway area, total length of center of pressure [CoP] trajectory, and the mean velocity of CP displacement) were obtained to evaluate the postural control. There was significant difference between G1 and G4 on mean velocity of CoP displacement (p < 0.05).Conclusions: The coexistence of sedentary behavior and insufficient physically active profile seem to impact negatively on postural control.
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Zhang X, Kunz HE, Gries K, Hart CR, Polley EC, Lanza IR. Preserved skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in older adults despite decreased cardiorespiratory fitness with ageing. J Physiol 2021; 599:3581-3592. [PMID: 34032280 DOI: 10.1113/jp281691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Healthy older adults exhibit lower cardiorespiratory fitness ( V ̇ O 2 peak ) than young in the absence of any age-related difference in skeletal muscle mitochondrial capacity, suggesting central haemodynamics plays a larger role in age-related declines in V ̇ O 2 peak . Total physical activity did not differ by age, but moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was lower in older compared to young adults. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is associated with V ̇ O 2 peak and muscle oxidative capacity, but physical inactivity cannot entirely explain the age-related reduction in V ̇ O 2 peak . ABSTRACT Declining fitness ( V ̇ O 2 peak ) is a hallmark of ageing and believed to arise from decreased oxygen delivery and reduced muscle oxidative capacity. Physical activity is a modifiable lifestyle factor that is critical when evaluating the effects of age on parameters of fitness and energy metabolism. The objective was to evaluate the effects of age and sex on V ̇ O 2 peak , muscle mitochondrial physiology, and physical activity in young and older adults. An additional objective was to assess the contribution of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity to age-related reductions in V ̇ O 2 peak and determine if age-related variation in V ̇ O 2 peak and muscle oxidative capacity could be explained on the basis of physical activity levels. In 23 young and 52 older men and women measurements were made of V ̇ O 2 peak , mitochondrial physiology in permeabilized muscle fibres, and free-living physical activity by accelerometry. Regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between age and V ̇ O 2 peak , mitochondrial function, and physical activity. Significant age-related reductions were observed for V ̇ O 2 peak (P < 0.001), but not muscle mitochondrial capacity. Total daily step counts did not decrease with age, but older adults showed lower moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, which was associated with V ̇ O 2 peak (R2 = 0.323, P < 0.001) and muscle oxidative capacity (R2 = 0.086, P = 0.011). After adjusting for sex and physical activity, age was negatively associated with V ̇ O 2 peak but not muscle oxidative capacity. Healthy older adults exhibit lower V ̇ O 2 peak but preserved mitochondrial capacity compared to young. Physical activity, particularly moderate-to-vigorous, is a key factor in observed age-related changes in fitness and muscle oxidative capacity, but cannot entirely explain the age-related reduction in V ̇ O 2 peak .
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hawley E Kunz
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kevin Gries
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Exercise and Sports Science, College of Health Professions, Marian University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Corey R Hart
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Eric C Polley
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ian R Lanza
- Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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14
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Wang M, Wu F, Callisaya ML, Jones G, Winzenberg TM. Neither leg muscle strength nor balance are associated with the incidence of falls in middle-aged women: A 5-year population-based prospective study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:e187-e193. [PMID: 33929494 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle strength and balance are major modifiable factors of falls in older adults, but their associations with falls in middle-aged adults are under investigated. We aimed to examine the association of baseline and change in leg muscle strength (LMS) and balance with the incidence of falls in a cohort of middle-aged women. METHODS This was a five-year follow-up of a population-based sample of 273 women aged 36-57 years at baseline (2011-2012). Data on LMS (by dynamometer) and balance (timed up and go test [TUG], step test [ST], functional reach test [FRT], and lateral reach test [LRT]) were obtained at baseline and five years later (2017-2018). After five years, falls were recorded monthly for one year by questionnaire (2017-2019). Negative binomial/Poisson and log binomial regressions were used as appropriate to assess associations of baseline and change in LMS and balance with any falls, injurious falls and multiple falls. RESULTS Over one-year, 115 participants (42%) reported at least one fall. Neither baseline nor 5-year change in LMS and balance measures were associated with the risk of any falls, injurious falls, or multiple falls five years later, with or without adjusting for confounders at baseline (incidence rate ratio/relative risk ranging from 0.85 to 1.19, 0.90 to 1.20, and 0.82 to 1.36, respectively; P>0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS Baseline or change in LMS and balance measures are not associated with incident falls among middle-aged women. The contributions of environmental and other intrinsic factors such as chronic conditions and gait/mobility problems need to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Feitong Wu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Michele L Callisaya
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.,Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Tania M Winzenberg
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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15
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Zabetian-Targhi F, Srikanth VK, Beare R, Breslin M, Moran C, Wang W, Wu F, Smith KJ, Callisaya ML. The association between physical activity intensity, cognition and brain structure in people with type 2 diabetes. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:2047-2053. [PMID: 33687062 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical inactivity is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and dementia. However, it is unknown if physical activity (PA) intensity is associated with brain health in people with T2D. Therefore, this study aimed to determine 1) associations between PA intensity and step count with both cognition and brain structure and 2) if apolipoprotein E-ε4 (APOE-ε4) or insulin-therapy modifies any associations. METHODS Participants were people with T2D (n=220; aged 55-86 years). An accelerometer worn over the left hip was used to obtain step count and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) averaged over 7 days. Cognition in 7 domains was obtained using a battery of neuropsychological tests. Brain structure was measured by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Linear regression models were used to examine associations between step count, MVPA and each cognitive and MRI measure. APOE-ε4 x PA and insulin-therapy x PA product terms were added to the models to examine effect modification. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 67.9 (SD 6.3). Higher step count was associated with greater hippocampal volume (β=0.028 95%CI 0.005, 0.051). Insulin-therapy modified the association between MVPA and attention-processing speed, such that associations were significant in people receiving insulin-therapy (P for interaction=0.019). There were no other significant associations. CONCLUSIONS Higher step count and greater time spent in MVPA may be associated with better hippocampal volume and attention-processing speed respectively in people with T2D. People with greater diabetes severity (receiving insulin-therapy) may get more cognitive benefit from MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Zabetian-Targhi
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Velandai K Srikanth
- Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard Beare
- Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Monique Breslin
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Chris Moran
- Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Aged Care, Peninsula Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wei Wang
- Cabrini Institute, Cabrini Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Feitong Wu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Kylie J Smith
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Michele L Callisaya
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.,Peninsula Clinical School, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Hwang CL, Chen SH, Chou CH, Grigoriadis G, Liao TC, Fancher IS, Arena R, Phillips SA. The physiological benefits of sitting less and moving more: Opportunities for future research. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 73:61-66. [PMID: 33453285 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) are important risk factors of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. In addition to increasing the amount of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), the current PA guidelines recommend that adults should reduce SB, or any waking activity performed while sitting, reclining, or lying, with low energy expenditure. While mounting evidence has emphasized the benefits of increasing MVPA, little has focused on the effect of SB on health. Therefore, this review discusses the pathophysiological effects of SB and the potential physiological benefits of reducing/breaking up SB at the levels below the current guidelines for PA. Such knowledge is important, given that the majority of the United States population performs insufficient or no MVPA and is at high risk of being negatively impacted by SB. Interventions targeting sedentary time, such as breaking up SB by standing and moving, may be safe, feasible, and applicable to execute daily for a wide range of the population. This review also discusses the importance of monitoring SB in the era of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the clinical implications of sitting less and moving more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chueh-Lung Hwang
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Integrative Physiology Laboratory, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Szu-Hua Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ithaca College, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Chih-Hsuan Chou
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Georgios Grigoriadis
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Integrative Physiology Laboratory, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tzu-Chieh Liao
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Michigan-Flint, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Ibra S Fancher
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Integrative Physiology Laboratory, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shane A Phillips
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Integrative Physiology Laboratory, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection (HL - PIVOT) Network, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Cooper R, Stamatakis E, Hamer M. Associations of sitting and physical activity with grip strength and balance in mid-life: 1970 British Cohort Study. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2020; 30:2371-2381. [PMID: 32757425 PMCID: PMC8432142 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Strength and balance training are now recommended in many physical activity (PA) guidelines. However, it is unclear whether these recommendations are applicable to middle-aged adults. We aimed to examine the associations of sitting and physical activity times with grip strength and standing balance performance in mid-life. Up to 4726 participants from the 1970 British Cohort study, with data on sitting and activity (measured using a thigh-worn accelerometer (activPAL3-micro)), grip strength and balance times at age 46 years were included in analyses. Associations of sitting, moderate-vigorous, and total PA times with grip strength and balance performance were tested using linear and multinomial logistic regression models, respectively. Greater time spent sitting was associated with weaker grip strength even after adjustment for potential confounders and MVPA time (fully adjusted regression coefficient: -0.51 kg (95% CI: -0.63, -0.39) per 1-hour sitting/day). Associations of PA time with grip strength were not independent of sitting time. There was only a weak association between sitting time and balance performance but greater MVPA and total PA times were associated with higher relative risks of successfully balancing for 30 seconds with eyes closed (vs poor balance). However, these associations were fully attenuated after adjustments for covariates. In summary, among a sample of middle-aged adults a robust association between sitting time and grip strength was observed. These findings suggest potential benefits of actively promoting less sitting alongside activities that specifically benefit muscle strength and balance performance in mid-life to ensure that people maintain all important aspects of their physical capability as they age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Cooper
- Department of Sport and Exercise SciencesMusculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research CentreManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Faculty of Medicine and HealthCharles Perkins CentreSchool of Health SciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Mark Hamer
- Institute of Sport, Exercise & HealthDivision of Surgery & Interventional ScienceFaculty of Medical SciencesUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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Objectively Measured Sedentary Behavior and Physical Fitness in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17228660. [PMID: 33233451 PMCID: PMC7700371 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Sedentary behavior has been considered an independent risk factor to health. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine associations between objectively measured sedentary time and physical fitness components in healthy adults. Methods: Four electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, Pubmed and Sport Discus) were searched (up to 20 September 2020) to retrieve studies on healthy adults which used observational, cohort and cross-sectional designs. Studies were included if sedentary time was measured objectively and examined associations with the health- or skill-related attributes of physical fitness (e.g., muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, balance). After applying additional search criteria, 21 papers (11,101 participants) were selected from an initial pool of 5192 identified papers. Results: Significant negative associations were found between total sedentary time with cardiorespiratory fitness (r = −0.164, 95%CI: −0.240, −0.086, p < 0.001), muscular strength (r = −0.147, 95%CI: −0.266, −0.024, p = 0.020) and balance (r = −0.133, 95%CI: −0.255, −0.006, p = 0.040). Conclusions: The evidence found suggests that sedentary time can be associated with poor physical fitness in adults (i.e., muscular strength, cardiorespiratory fitness and balance), so strategies should be created to encourage behavioral changes.
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19
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Gobbo LA, Júdice PB, Hetherington-Rauth M, Sardinha LB, Dos Santos VR. Sedentary Patterns Are Associated with Bone Mineral Density and Physical Function in Older Adults: Cross-Sectional and Prospective Data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17218198. [PMID: 33171963 PMCID: PMC7664175 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17218198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aging causes some unfavorable morphological and functional changes, such as the decline in bone mineral density (BMD) and physical function. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time seem to be related with these alterations, but the impact of distinct patterns remains unclear. The aim of this study was to cross-sectionally and prospectively assess the association between objectively measured MVPA and sedentary patterns (bouts and breaks) with BMD and physical function in older adults. The study considered 151 Brazilians (aged ≥ 60 years), out of which 68 participants completed 2-year follow-up measurements. MVPA and sedentary patterns were measured by means of accelerometry, BMD-(total proximal femur and lumbar spine (L1-L4)) by means of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and physical function-by means of physical tests. In older women, sedentary bouts >60 min were inversely associated with handgrip strength (β = -2.03, 95% CI: from -3.43 to -0.63). The prospective analyses showed that changes in sedentary bouts (20 to 30 min and >60 min) were inversely associated with changes in the lumbar spine's BMD (β = -0.01, 95% CI: from -0.01 to -0.00 and β = -0.03, 95% CI: from -0.06 to -0.01) and the lumbar spine's T-score (β = -0.06, 95% CI: from -0.10 to -0.01 and β = -0.27, 95% CI: from -0.49 to -0.04), respectively. In older women, sedentary patterns are cross-sectionally associated with handgrip strength and prospectively associated with BMD independent of MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Alberto Gobbo
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 19060-900, Brazil;
- Post-Graduation Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 19060-900, Brazil
| | - Pedro B. Júdice
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (P.B.J.); (M.H.-R.); (L.B.S.)
- Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Educação Física e Exercício e Saúde, CIDEFES, Universidade Lusófona, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Megan Hetherington-Rauth
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (P.B.J.); (M.H.-R.); (L.B.S.)
| | - Luís B. Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal; (P.B.J.); (M.H.-R.); (L.B.S.)
| | - Vanessa Ribeiro Dos Santos
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory, Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 19060-900, Brazil;
- Post-Graduation Program in Movement Sciences, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 19060-900, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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ROWLANDS ALEXV, EDWARDSON CHARLOTTEL, DAWKINS NATHANP, MAYLOR BEND, METCALF KRISTENM, JANZ KATHLEENF. Physical Activity for Bone Health: How Much and/or How Hard? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 52:2331-2341. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Vaughan B, Mulcahy J, Allen T, Coupe E, Gobbo D, Nasser L, Pain K, Fitzgerald K. Life satisfaction and musculoskeletal complaints in a population seeking osteopathy care: consecutive sample of 611 patients. Chiropr Man Therap 2020; 28:14. [PMID: 32156310 PMCID: PMC7065312 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-020-00303-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Life satisfaction is a component of the subjective well-being construct. Research consistently suggests that life satisfaction is associated with enhanced social benefits and improved health outcomes. However, its relationship to musculoskeletal health outcomes is underexplored. This study evaluates the life satisfaction of a patient population presenting with musculoskeletal complaints, and the relationship of life satisfaction with other health demographics and behaviours. Method The study used a consecutive sampling design. Patients attending the Victoria University Osteopathy Clinic (Melbourne, Australia) were invited to complete the PROMIS® General Life Satisfaction scale (GLSS) along with questions related to health demographics and behaviours. Results The GLSS T-score was not significantly different for gender, being born outside of Australia, speaking English at home, or complaint chronicity. Conclusions Life satisfaction did not appear to be related to a range of health and demographic variables in the current musculoskeletal pain cohort. The PROMIS® General Life Satisfaction scale could prove useful to explore the relationship between life satisfaction and treatment outcomes for musculoskeletal complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Vaughan
- Department of Medical Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Jane Mulcahy
- College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Thomas Allen
- College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Emi Coupe
- College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Gobbo
- College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Leila Nasser
- College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Karen Pain
- College of Health & Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
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Vaughan B, Fitzgerald K, Fleischmann M, Mulcahy J. Determinants of health, health behaviours and demographic profile of patients attending an Australian university student-led osteopathy clinic. Chiropr Man Therap 2020; 28:2. [PMID: 31988710 PMCID: PMC6971880 DOI: 10.1186/s12998-019-0292-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Profiles of health professions practice can inform pre-professional education, provide evidence to assist with interprofessional practice, and inform policy development. An understanding of the profile of patients seeking osteopathy care is emerging. Current research suggests that musculoskeletal presentations predominate with approximately one-third of patients presenting with co-morbid diseases. There is little data on these presentations in Australian osteopathy practice. This study aimed to describe the patient demographics, clinical presentations, health behaviours and determinants of health, including health literacy, of those attending for care at an Australian student-led osteopathy clinic. Methods A convenience sample design was utilised where consecutive patients presenting for their initial consultation were invited to complete a health information questionnaire during 2016–2017. The questionnaire explored a range of health behaviours and the patient’s health status. Data from the clinical records were also extracted to establish the presenting complaint, duration of the complaint and pertinent demographics. Descriptive statistics were generated for each variable. Results Data were available for 1617 patients presenting for their initial consultation. The mean age of patients was 33.7 (±13.1) years with 55% (n = 887) identifying as female. Acute presentations predominated (n = 840, 52%), with presentations affecting the spine being the most common (57.8%). Most patients rated their health status as good to very good (75%). Approximately 7.5% of patients were identified as having low health literacy and 55.9% were currently suffering from one or more co-morbid presentations. Conclusions The demographic profile and presenting complaints of patients presenting to a student-led osteopathy clinic are largely consistent with other Australian private practice profiles. The current work also identified co-morbid presentations, and positive and negative health behaviours. Osteopaths may play a role in the management of, or referral for, these presentations where health behaviours require change, or management of co-morbid conditions is beyond the scope of practice. The increasing volume of patient profile literature globally suggests that osteopaths can play a substantial role in the management of musculoskeletal complaints. Further, osteopathy may play a role in screening determinants of health, and engage in multidisciplinary care to ensure those patients with co-morbid conditions or adverse health behaviours are managed appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Vaughan
- 1Department of Medical Education, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Michael Fleischmann
- 3College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jane Mulcahy
- 3College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
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Interaction of recommended levels of physical activity and protein intake is associated with greater physical function and lower fat mass in older women: Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor- (OSTPRE) and Fracture-Prevention Study. Br J Nutr 2020; 123:826-839. [PMID: 31910914 PMCID: PMC7054249 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520000045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate whether the interaction of physical activity (PA) and protein intake is associated with physical function (PF). The women from the Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Fracture Prevention Study (n 610) completed a questionnaire on lifestyle factors and PA and underwent PF and body composition measurements at baseline (BL) and over 3 years of follow-up (3y-FU). PA was categorised according to WHO cut-off PA = 0, 0 < PA < 2·5 and PA ≥ 2·5 h/week. Protein intake was calculated from the 3-d food record at baseline and categorised according to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations <1·1 and ≥1·1 g/kg body weight (BW). The results showed in univariate ANOVA at the baseline and at the 3-year follow-up, women with high PA ≥ 2·5 h/week and protein intake ≥ 1·1 g/kg BW had higher grip strength adjusted for BMI, higher mean number of chair rises, faster mean walking speed, higher modified mean short physical performance battery score and lower mean fat mass compared with other interaction groups. High PA and protein intake were associated with lower BMI despite significantly higher energy intake. In conclusion, higher PA and protein intake interaction was associated with greater PF and lower fat mass, but the association with relative skeletal muscle index and muscle mass was inconclusive. The present study gives noteworthy information for preventing sarcopenia.
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Rowlands AV, Dawkins NP, Maylor B, Edwardson CL, Fairclough SJ, Davies MJ, Harrington DM, Khunti K, Yates T. Enhancing the value of accelerometer-assessed physical activity: meaningful visual comparisons of data-driven translational accelerometer metrics. SPORTS MEDICINE-OPEN 2019; 5:47. [PMID: 31808014 PMCID: PMC6895365 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-019-0225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The lack of consensus on meaningful and interpretable physical activity outcomes from accelerometer data hampers comparison across studies. Cut-point analyses are simple to apply and easy to interpret but can lead to results that are not comparable. We propose that the optimal accelerometer metrics for data analysis are not the same as the optimal metrics for translation. Ideally, analytical metrics are precise continuous variables that cover the intensity spectrum, while translational metrics facilitate meaningful, public-health messages and can be described in terms of activities (e.g. brisk walking) or intensity (e.g. moderate-to-vigorous physical activity). Two analytical metrics that capture the volume and intensity of the 24-h activity profile are average acceleration (volume) and intensity gradient (intensity distribution). These allow investigation of independent, additive and interactive associations of volume and intensity of activity with health; however, they are not immediately interpretable. The MX metrics, the acceleration above which the most active X minutes are accumulated, are translational metrics that can be interpreted in terms of indicative activities. Using a range of MX metrics illustrates the intensity gradient and average acceleration (i.e. 24-h activity profile). The M120, M60, M30, M15 and M5 illustrate the most active accumulated minutes of the day, the M1/3DAY the most active accumulated 8 h of the day. We demonstrate how radar plots of MX metrics can be used to interpret and translate results from between- and within-group comparisons, provide information on meeting guidelines, assess individual activity profiles relative to percentiles and compare activity profiles between domains and/or time periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex V Rowlands
- Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK. .,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK. .,Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute for Health Research, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Nathan P Dawkins
- Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Ben Maylor
- Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Charlotte L Edwardson
- Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Stuart J Fairclough
- Movement Behaviours, Health, and Wellbeing Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Melanie J Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Deirdre M Harrington
- Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Kamlesh Khunti
- Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.,NIHR Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care East Midlands, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Tom Yates
- Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
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Christofoletti M, Duca GFD, Umpierre D, Malta DC. Chronic noncommunicable diseases multimorbidity and its association with physical activity and television time in a representative Brazilian population. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2019; 35:e00016319. [PMID: 31691775 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00016319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle behaviors need to be more explored within the context of chronic noncommunicable disease (NCD) multimorbidity. This study aimed to investigate the association of multimorbidity with physical activity and sedentary behavior in a representative Brazilian population (n = 52,929). A cross-sectional survey (VIGITEL in the Portuguese acronym) was conducted in 2013 in the 27 Brazilian federal units. Multimorbidity is defined as the presence of two or more NCDs, that is, the outcome variable; and physical activity (commuting, domestic chores, leisure, and work domains) and sedentary behavior (television time < 2 hours/day and ≥ 2 hours/day) were the exposure variables. Poisson and multinomial logistic regressions (odds ratio - OR) stratified by age and their respective 95% confidence intervals were used, adopting a significance level of 5%. Among 37,947 adults, the presence of three chronic diseases was less frequent in subjects active in the work domain (OR = 0.60) and more frequent among those with longer daily television time (OR = 1.25). The presence of four diseases was less frequent in subjects active in the commuting (OR = 0.52) and work (OR = 0.42) domains. Among 14,982 older adults, the presence of two, three, and four chronic diseases was consistently more frequent in those with longer daily television time (OR = 1.33; 1.55 and 1.93, respectively). Finally, interactions between total physical activity level and daily television time were statistically significant in the multimorbidity in both age groups. Physical activity and sedentary behavior are associated with multimorbidity and should be considered independent factors for health promotion and for the treatment of patients with multimorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Umpierre
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil.,Hospital das Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
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Buchan DS, McLellan G, Donnelly S, Arthur R. The use of the intensity gradient and average acceleration metrics to explore associations with BMI z-score in children. J Sports Sci 2019; 37:2751-2758. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1664536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Duncan S. Buchan
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Science, South Lanarkshire, Scotland
| | - Gillian McLellan
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Science, South Lanarkshire, Scotland
| | - Samantha Donnelly
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Science, South Lanarkshire, Scotland
| | - Rosie Arthur
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Science, South Lanarkshire, Scotland
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Yang Y, Wu F, Antony B, Pan F, Winzenberg T, Jones G. The Association between First Fractures Sustained during Childhood and Adulthood and Bone Measures in Young Adulthood. J Pediatr 2019; 212:188-194.e2. [PMID: 31262529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the association between fractures sustained at different stages of growth and bone measures in early adulthood. STUDY DESIGN Participants (n = 201) in southern Tasmania were at birth at a higher risk of sudden infant death syndrome; they were followed to age 25. Outcomes were areal bone mineral density at the spine, hip, and total body (by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry) and trabecular and cortical bone measures at the radius and tibia (by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography). Fractures were self-reported and confirmed by radiographs at 8, 16, and 25 years of age. Multivariable linear regression was used to analyze the association of the occurrence of prepubertal (<9 years of age), pubertal (9-16 years of age), and postpubertal (17-25 years of age) fractures with all bone measures. RESULTS Over 25 years, 99 participants had at least 1 fracture. For high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography measures at age 25, prepubertal fractures were negatively associated with cortical and trabecular volumetric bone mineral density and most microarchitecture measures at both the tibia and radius. Prepubertal fractures had a significant association with smaller increase of areal bone mineral density from age 8 to 16 years and at 25 years of age compared with participants with no fractures. Pubertal fractures had no association with any bone measures and postpubertal fractures were only associated with a lower trabecular number at the tibia. CONCLUSIONS Prepubertal fractures are negatively associated with areal bone mineral density increases during growth and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography bone measures in young adulthood. There is little evidence that fractures occurring from age 8 years onward with bone measures in young adulthood, implying that prepubertal fractures may be associated with bone deficits later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Feitong Wu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Benny Antony
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Feng Pan
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Tania Winzenberg
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Adelnia F, Urbanek J, Osawa Y, Shardell M, Brennan NA, Fishbein KW, Spencer RG, Simonsick EM, Schrack JA, Ferrucci L. Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Is Associated With Higher Muscle Oxidative Capacity in Older Adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2019; 67:1695-1699. [PMID: 31116422 PMCID: PMC6684385 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related decline in muscle oxidative capacity reduces muscle function and physical performance, leading to disability and frailty. Whether age-related decline in oxidative capacity is modified by exercise and other lifestyle practices is unclear. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that physical activity is associated with better oxidative capacity, independent of age. DESIGN Cross-sectional study performed in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, conducted by the Intramural Research Program (IRP) of the National Institute on Aging (NIA). SETTING NIA IRP Clinical Research Unit, Baltimore, MD. PARTICIPANTS Participants included 384 adults (54.7% women), aged 22 to 92 years, seen between 2013 and 2017. MEASUREMENTS Muscle oxidative capacity was measured in vivo using phosphorous magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We determined the postexercise time constant (τPCr ; in seconds) for phosphocreatine (PCr) recovery, with lower values of τPCr, (ie, more rapid recovery of PCr levels after exercise) reflecting greater oxidative capacity. Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was assessed using wearable accelerometers that participants wore 5.9 ± 0.9 consecutive days in the free-living environment. RESULTS In linear regression models, higher τPCr was associated with older age (standardized β = .39; P < .001) after adjusting for sex, race, height, and weight. After including MVPA as an independent variable, the standardized regression coefficient of age decreased by 40%, but remained associated with τPCr (βage = .22; P < .001) and had a smaller standardized regression coefficient than MVPA (βMVPA = -.33; P < .001). After adjusting for health status, education, and smoking history, the standardized regression coefficient for age decreased 12% (βage = .20; P = .003), while the standardized coefficient for MVPA decreased only 3% (βMVPA = -.32; P < .001). CONCLUSION Study findings suggest that MVPA is strongly associated with muscle oxidative capacity, independent of age, providing mechanistic insights into the health benefits of exercise in older age. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1695-1699, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Adelnia
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
- Corresponding Authors: Fatemeh Adelnia; MedStar Harbor Hospital, 3001 S. Hanover Street, 5th Floor, Baltimore, MD; Phone: 410 350 7301; ; Luigi Ferrucci; Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Phone: 410-558-8110;
| | - Jacek Urbanek
- John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Center on Aging and Health
| | - Yusuke Osawa
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
| | - Michelle Shardell
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
| | - Nicholas A. Brennan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
| | - Kenneth W. Fishbein
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
| | - Richard G. Spencer
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
| | - Eleanor M. Simonsick
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
- Corresponding Authors: Fatemeh Adelnia; MedStar Harbor Hospital, 3001 S. Hanover Street, 5th Floor, Baltimore, MD; Phone: 410 350 7301; ; Luigi Ferrucci; Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Phone: 410-558-8110;
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Yang Y, Wu F, Winzenberg T, Jones G. The Association of Vitamin D in Youth and Early Adulthood with Bone Mineral Density and Microarchitecture in Early Adulthood. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 104:605-612. [PMID: 30707272 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-019-00529-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the association of vitamin D status at different stages of growth with bone measures in adolescence and early adulthood. There were 415 participants followed from age 8 to 16, and 201 further followed to age 25. Areal bone mineral density (BMD) at the spine, hip and total body was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at ages 16 and 25, and tibial and radial trabecular and cortical bone microarchitecture by high resolution peripheral quantitative computerised tomography at age 25. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations were measured at ages 8, 16 and 25. Multivariable linear regression was used to analyse the association of 25OHD concentrations at three timepoints with bone measures at ages 16 and 25. The proportion of participants with vitamin D deficiency (< 50 nmol/L) was 11%, 43% and 41% at three timepoints, respectively. Serum 25OHD concentrations at age 8 were not significantly associated with any bone measures at age 16 or 25. Serum 25OHD concentrations at age 16 had a significant association with higher BMD at nearly all sites at ages 16 and 25 as well as lower radial porosity and more compact trabecular microarchitecture (higher density, increased number and reduced separation) at both the radius and tibia at age 25. Serum 25OHD concentrations at age 25 were only associated with hip BMD. Higher vitamin D concentrations in adolescence, to a lesser extent at age 25, have beneficial associations with BMD and bone microarchitecture in early adulthood. Optimising vitamin D status particularly during adolescence should be a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Feitong Wu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Tania Winzenberg
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
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Fenton SAM, Neogi T, Dunlop D, Nevitt M, Doherty M, Duda JL, Klocke R, Abhishek A, Rushton A, Zhang W, Lewis CE, Torner J, Kitas G, White DK. Does the intensity of daily walking matter for protecting against the development of a slow gait speed in people with or at high risk of knee osteoarthritis? An observational study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2018; 26:1181-1189. [PMID: 29729332 PMCID: PMC6098720 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2018.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a risk factor for a decline in gait speed. Daily walking reduces the risk of developing slow gait speed and future persistent functional limitation. However, the protective role of walking intensity is unclear. We investigated the association of substituting time spent not walking, with walking at light and moderate-to-vigorous intensities for incident slow gait over 2-years, among people with or at high risk of knee OA. METHOD We used baseline and 2-year follow-up data from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis (MOST) study (n = 1731) and the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI, n = 1925). Daily walking intensity was objectively assessed using accelerometer-enabled devices, and classified as; not walking (<1 steps/min), very-light (1-49 steps/min), light (50-100 steps/min), and moderate-to-vigorous (>100 steps/min). We defined slow gait during a 20-m walk, as <1 m/s and <1.2 m/s. Isotemporal substitution evaluated time-substitution effects on incident slow gait outcomes at 2-years. RESULTS Replacing 20 min/day of not walking with walking at a moderate-to-vigorous intensity, demonstrated small to moderate reductions in the risk of developing a gait speed <1.0 m/s (Relative Risk [95% confidence interval (CI)]; MOST = 0.51 [0.27, 0.98], OAI = 0.21 [0.04, 0.98]), and <1.2 m/s (MOST = 0.73 [0.53, 1.00], OAI = 0.65 [0.36, 1.18]). However, only risk reductions for <1.0 m/s met statistical significance. Replacing not walking with very-light or light intensity walking was not associated with the risk of developing slow gait outcomes. CONCLUSION When possible, walking at a moderate-to-vigorous intensity (>100 steps/min) may be best recommended in order to reduce the risk of developing critical slow gait speed among people with, or at high risk of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A M Fenton
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, England, UK,Department of Rheumatology, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, England, UK
| | - Tuhina Neogi
- Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dorothy Dunlop
- Center for Healthcare Studies and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael Nevitt
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael Doherty
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, England, UK
| | - Joan L Duda
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, England, UK
| | - Rainer Klocke
- Department of Rheumatology, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, England, UK
| | - Abhishek Abhishek
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, England, UK
| | - Alison Rushton
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, England, UK
| | - Weiya Zhang
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, England, UK
| | - Cora E Lewis
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - George Kitas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, England, UK,Department of Rheumatology, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, England, UK
| | - Daniel K. White
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
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Rosique-Esteban N, Babio N, Díaz-López A, Romaguera D, Alfredo Martínez J, Sanchez VM, Schröder H, Estruch R, Vidal J, Buil-Cosiales P, Konieczna J, Abete I, Salas-Salvadó J. Leisure-time physical activity at moderate and high intensity is associated with parameters of body composition, muscle strength and sarcopenia in aged adults with obesity and metabolic syndrome from the PREDIMED-Plus study. Clin Nutr 2018; 38:1324-1331. [PMID: 29910068 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to examine the associations of leisure-time physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with the prevalence of sarcopenia, body composition and muscle strength among older adults having overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome, from the PREDIMED-Plus trial. METHODS Cross-sectional baseline analysis including 1539 men and women (65 ± 5 y). Sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass (according to FNIH cut-offs) plus low muscle strength (lowest sex-specific tertile for 30-s chair-stand test). We applied multivariable-adjusted Cox regression with robust variance and constant time (given the cross-sectional design) for the associations of self-reported leisure-time PA and SB with sarcopenia; and multivariable-linear regression for the associations with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived bone mass, fat mass, lean mass and lower-limb muscle strength. RESULTS Inverse associations were observed between sarcopenia and each hourly increment in total [prevalence ratio 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.70, 0.93)], moderate [0.80 (0.66, 0.97)], vigorous [0.51 (0.32, 0.84)], and moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) [0.74 (0.62, 0.89)]. Incrementing 1-h/day total-PA and MVPA was inversely associated with body-mass-index, waist circumference (WC), fat mass, and positively associated with bone mass and lower-limb muscle strength (all P <.05). One h/day increase in total SB, screen-based SB and TV-viewing was positively associated with body-mass-index, WC and fat mass. Light-PA was not significantly associated with any outcome. CONCLUSIONS Total-PA and PA at moderate and high intensities may protect against the prevalence of sarcopenia, have a beneficial role on body composition and prevent loss of muscle strength. SB, particularly TV-viewing, may have detrimental effects on body composition in older adults at high cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Rosique-Esteban
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nancy Babio
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Díaz-López
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dora Romaguera
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; IDISNA Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain; IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Martin Sanchez
- Biomedicine Institute (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Helmut Schröder
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group (CARIN), IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Estruch
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Vidal
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Buil-Cosiales
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Servicio Navarro de Salud-Osasunbidea Primary Health Care, Navarra, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Illes Balears (IdISBa), University Hospital Son Espases, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Itziar Abete
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; IDISNA Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain; IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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ROWLANDS ALEXV, EDWARDSON CHARLOTTEL, DAVIES MELANIEJ, KHUNTI KAMLESH, HARRINGTON DEIRDREM, YATES TOM. Beyond Cut Points: Accelerometer Metrics that Capture the Physical Activity Profile. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018; 50:1323-1332. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yang Y, Pan F, Wu F, Squibb K, Thomson R, Winzenberg T, Jones G. Familial resemblance in trabecular and cortical volumetric bone mineral density and bone microarchitecture as measured by HRpQCT. Bone 2018; 110:76-83. [PMID: 29382612 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To estimate the heritability of bone geometry, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and microarchitecture of trabecular (Tb) and cortical (Ct) bone measured by high resolution peripheral quantitative computerised tomography (HRpQCT) at the distal radius and tibia and to investigate the genetic correlations of these measures. Participants were 177 mother-offspring pairs from 162 families (mothers, mean age (SD) = 52.1 (4.7) years; offspring, 25.6 (0.73) years). Trabecular and cortical bone measures were obtained by HRpQCT. Multivariable linear regression was used to analyse the association of bone measures between mother and offspring. Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines (SOLAR) software was utilised to conduct quantitative genetic analyses. All maternal bone measures were independently associated with the corresponding bone measures in the offspring before and after adjustment for age, sex, weight and height. Heritability estimates ranged from 24% to 67% at the radius and from 42% to 74% at the tibia. The relationship for most bone geometry measures was significantly stronger in mother-son pairs (n = 107) compared with mother-daughter pairs (n = 70) (p < 0.05). In contrast, the heritability for most vBMD and microarchitecture measures were higher in mother-daughter pairs. Bivariate analyses found moderate to strong genetic correlations across all measures between radius and tibia (Rg = 0.49 to 0.93). Genetic factors have an important role in the development of bone geometry, vBMD and microarchitecture. These factors are strongly shared for the radius and tibia but vary by sex implying a role for imprinting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia.
| | - Feng Pan
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia.
| | - Feitong Wu
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia.
| | - Kathryn Squibb
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia.
| | - Russell Thomson
- Centre for Research in Mathematics, School of Engineering, Mathematics and Computing, Western Sydney University, Sydney 2751, Australia.
| | - Tania Winzenberg
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia; Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia.
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7000, Australia.
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Manderoos S, Vaara M, Karppi SL, Aunola S, Puukka P, Surakka J, Mälkiä E. Power of lower extremities is most important determinant of agility among physically inactive or active adult people. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 23:e1716. [PMID: 29698582 DOI: 10.1002/pri.1716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the relationships between agility, running speed, jumping height and length, body mass index, self-report pain in back and in lower extremities, personal factors as self-report health and fitness, and leisure time physical activity in physically inactive or active adult people. METHODS Altogether, 233 healthy subjects, 149 women (43.0 ± 7.3 years) and 84 men (44.0 ± 7.7 years), participated into study. Outcome measures were described in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health domains. RESULTS Multiple regression analysis showed that jumping length explained 24.6% and 15.3% of the variance associated with agility in women and men (adjusted R2 = .246, p < .001; adjusted R2 = .153, p = .001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Jumping length was the main determinant of agility among physically inactive or active women and men. The findings of this study strengthen opinion that the Agility Test for Adults demands also other physical and cognitive characteristics as measured now and their part explaining agility results may be relatively great. We suggest that perception and decision making explain for a great part in agility. It seems that body mass index does not play important role in agility, but physical inactivity can explain or increase the decline of agility. Also, various biological mechanisms in aging process can be linked to the deterioration of capacity of agility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirpa Manderoos
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Folkhälsan Research Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland
| | - Mariitta Vaara
- Department of Government Services, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Sirkka Aunola
- Department of Welfare, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland
| | - Pauli Puukka
- Department of Public Health Solutions, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Surakka
- Arcada University of Applied Sciences, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko Mälkiä
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Alcazar J, Rodriguez-Lopez C, Ara I, Alfaro-Acha A, Rodríguez-Gómez I, Navarro-Cruz R, Losa-Reyna J, García-García FJ, Alegre LM. Force-velocity profiling in older adults: An adequate tool for the management of functional trajectories with aging. Exp Gerontol 2018; 108:1-6. [PMID: 29567100 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The actual mechanisms leading to a reduced muscle power and functional ability in older adults are poorly understood. We investigated the association between different force-velocity (F-V) profiles and impaired muscle power, physical and cognitive function, frailty, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older people. METHODS Physical function (habitual gait speed, timed up-and-go test, sit-to-stand and stair-climbing ability), cognitive function, HRQoL and frailty were evaluated in 31 older subjects (70-85 years). The F-V relationship and maximal muscle power (Pmax) were assessed in the leg press exercise. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) and fat index, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time were obtained from DXA scans and accelerometry, respectively. RESULTS While some subjects showed a force deficit (FDEF), others presented a velocity deficit (VDEF), both leading to an impaired muscle power [Effect size (ES) = 1.30-1.44], and to a likely-very likely moderate harmful effect in their physical and cognitive function, HRQoL and frailty levels (except the VDEF group for cognitive function) [ES = 0.76-1.05]. Leg muscle mass and specific force were similarly associated with force at Pmax, while MVPA but not sedentary time was related to fat index, force at Pmax, and power values (all p < 0.05). A trend was found for the negative association between fat index and relative Pmax (p = 0.075). CONCLUSION Older subjects exhibited different mechanisms (force vs. velocity deficits) leading to impaired muscle power. Both deficits were associated with a lower physical function and quality of life, and a higher frailty, whereas only a force deficit was associated with a lower cognitive function. Interventions aimed at reversing age- and/or disuse-related impairments of muscle power might evaluate the specific responsible mechanism and act accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Alcazar
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Lopez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Alfaro-Acha
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Irene Rodríguez-Gómez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Navarro-Cruz
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Losa-Reyna
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Luis M Alegre
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
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Vancampfort D, Stubbs B, Hallgren M, Lundin A, Firth J, Koyanagi A. Correlates of sedentary behaviour among adults with hazardous drinking habits in six low- and middle-income countries. Psychiatry Res 2018; 261:406-413. [PMID: 29353765 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sedentary behaviour is associated with poor mental health, diabetes and cardiovascular disease, all of which are a concern among hazardous drinkers. Little is known about sedentary behaviour and it's correlates in hazardous drinkers, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. We investigated correlates of sedentary behaviour among community-dwelling adults aged ≥18 years with hazardous drinking patterns in six low- and middle-income countries. Cross-sectional data were analyzed from the World Health Organization's Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health. Hazardous drinking was defined as consuming >7 (females) or >14 (males) standard drinks per week. Associations between time spent sedentary and a range of correlates were examined using multivariable linear and logistic regression. The mean time spent sedentary in 2142 individuals with hazardous drinking patterns (mean age = 45.7 years; 13% female) was 216±135min/day. Nine percent (95%CI=6.1-13.2%) were sedentary for ≥8h per day. Living in an urban setting and unemployment were strong sociodemographic correlates of being sedentary for ≥8h per day. From a health-related perspective, weak grip strength, stroke and disability were associated with increasing time spent sedentary. The current data provides important guidance for future interventions across low- and middle-income countries to assist hazardous drinkers to reduce sedentary behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Vancampfort
- KU Leuven Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, University Psychiatric Center KU Leuven, Leuven-Kortenberg, Belgium.
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 8AZ, United Kingdom; Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London Box SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Lundin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Joseph Firth
- NICM, School of Health and Science, University of Western Sydney, Australia; Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, United States
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
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McMillan LB, Zengin A, Ebeling PR, Scott D. Prescribing Physical Activity for the Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis in Older Adults. Healthcare (Basel) 2017; 5:healthcare5040085. [PMID: 29113119 PMCID: PMC5746719 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare5040085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is an age-related disease, characterised by low bone mineral density (BMD) and compromised bone geometry and microarchitecture, leading to reduced bone strength. Physical activity (PA) has potential as a therapy for osteoporosis, yet different modalities of PA have varying influences on bone health. This review explores current evidence for the benefits of PA, and targeted exercise regimes for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in older adults. In particular, the outcomes of interventions involving resistance training, low- and high-impact weight bearing activities, and whole-body vibration therapy are discussed. Finally, we present recommendations for future research that may maximise the potential of exercise in primary and secondary prevention of osteoporosis in the ageing population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan B McMillan
- School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
| | - Ayse Zengin
- School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
| | - Peter R Ebeling
- School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
| | - David Scott
- School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
- Department of Medicine, Melbourne Medical School (Western Campus), The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia.
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Sunshine Hospital, St Albans, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia.
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García-Hoyos M, Riancho JA, Valero C. Bone health in Down syndrome. Med Clin (Barc) 2017; 149:78-82. [PMID: 28571965 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Patients with Down syndrome have a number of risk factors that theoretically could predispose them to osteoporosis, such as early aging, development disorders, reduced physical activity, limited sun exposure, frequent comorbidities and use of drug therapies which could affect bone metabolism. In addition, the bone mass of these people may be affected by their anthropometric and body composition peculiarities. In general terms, studies in adults with Down syndrome reported that these people have lower areal bone mineral density (g/cm2) than the general population. However, most of them have not taken the smaller bone size of people with Down syndrome into account. In fact, when body mineral density is adjusted by bone size and we obtain volumetric body mineral density (g/cm3), the difference between both populations disappears. On the other hand, although people with Down syndrome have risk factor of hypovitaminosis D, the results of studies regarding 25(OH)D in this population are not clear. Likewise, the studies about biochemical bone markers or the prevalence of fractures are not conclusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta García-Hoyos
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, España
| | - José Antonio Riancho
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, España
| | - Carmen Valero
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, España.
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