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Guerra-García JM, Ruiz-Velasco S, Navarro-Barranco C, Moreira J, Angulo G, García-Domínguez R, Amengual J, Saenz-Arias P, López-Fé CM, Martínez-Pita I, García-García FJ, Ros M. Facilitation of macrofaunal assemblages in marinas by the habitat-forming invader Amathia verticillata (Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata) across a spatiotemporal scale. Mar Environ Res 2024; 193:106256. [PMID: 38006852 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Widespread habitat-forming invaders inhabiting marinas, such as the spaghetti bryozoan Amathia verticillata, allow exploring facilitation processes across spatiotemporal contexts. Here we investigate the role of this bryozoan as habitat for native and exotic macrofaunal assemblages across different ecoregions of Western Mediterranean and East Atlantic coasts, and a monthly variation over a year. While only 7 (all peracarid crustaceans) of the 54 associated species were NIS, they dominated macrofaunal assemblages in terms of abundance, raising the potential for invasional meltdown. NIS richness and community structure differed among marinas but not among ecoregions, highlighting the importance of marina singularities in modulating facilitation at spatial scale. Despite facilitation did not depend on bryozoan abundance fluctuations, it was affected by its deciduous pattern, peaking in summer and disappearing in late winter. Monitoring A. verticillata in marinas, especially in summer periods, may improve the detection and management of multiple associated NIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Guerra-García
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - S Ruiz-Velasco
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - C Navarro-Barranco
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - J Moreira
- Departamento de Biología (Zoología) & Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global (CIBC-UAM), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - G Angulo
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - R García-Domínguez
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - J Amengual
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - P Saenz-Arias
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - C M López-Fé
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - I Martínez-Pita
- Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera km 1, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - F J García-García
- Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera km 1, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - M Ros
- Laboratorio de Biología Marina, Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda Reina Mercedes 6, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
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Baltasar-Fernandez I, Losa-Reyna J, Carretero A, Rodriguez-Lopez C, Alfaro-Acha A, Guadalupe-Grau A, Ara I, Alegre LM, Gomez-Cabrera MC, García-García FJ, Alcazar J. Residual effects of 12 weeks of power-oriented resistance training plus high-intensity interval training on muscle dysfunction, systemic oxidative damage, and antioxidant capacity after 10 months of training cessation in older people with COPD. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:1661-1676. [PMID: 37322570 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the residual effects of a 12-week concurrent training program (power training + high-intensity interval training) in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS A total of 21 older adults with COPD [intervention (INT), n = 8; control (CON), n = 13; 76.9 ± 6.8 years] were assessed at baseline and 10 months after the completion of the intervention by the short physical performance battery (SPPB), health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L), vastus lateralis muscle thickness (MT), peak pulmonary oxygen uptake (peak VO2 ) and peak work rate (Wpeak ), early and late isometric rate of force development (RFD), leg and chest press maximum muscle power (LPmax and CPmax ), and systemic oxidative damage and antioxidant capacity. RESULTS Compared to baseline, after 10 months of detraining, the INT group presented increased SPPB (∆ = 1.0 point), health-related quality of life (∆ = 0.07 points), early RFD (∆ = 834 N∙s-1 ), LPmax (∆ = 62.2 W), and CPmax (∆ = 16.0 W) (all p < 0.05). In addition, a positive effect was noted in INT compared to CON regarding MT and Wpeak (both p < 0.05). No between-group differences were reported in peak VO2 , late RFD, systemic oxidative damage, and antioxidant capacity from baseline to 10 months after the completion of the intervention (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Twelve weeks of concurrent training were enough to ensure improved physical function, health-related quality of life, early RFD and maximum muscle power and to preserve MT and Wpeak but not peak VO2 , late RFD, systemic oxidative damage and antioxidant capacity in the subsequent 10 months of detraining in older adults with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Baltasar-Fernandez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Talavera de la Reina, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), Spain
| | - Jose Losa-Reyna
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Valoración del Rendimiento Deportivo, Actividad Física y Salud y Lesiones Deportivas (REDAFLED), Universidad de Valladolid, Soria, Spain
| | - Aitor Carretero
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Lopez
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Geriatric Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Alfaro-Acha
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), Spain
| | - Luis M Alegre
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), Spain
| | - Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Julian Alcazar
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), Spain
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Rodríguez-Laso Á, García-García FJ, Rodríguez-Mañas L. The icope Intrinsic Capacity Screening Tool: Measurement Structure and Predictive Validity of Dependence and Hospitalization. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:808-816. [PMID: 37960903 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1985-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the measurement structure of the ICOPE screening tool (IST) of intrinsic capacity and to find out whether the IST as a global measure adds explanatory power over and above its domains in isolation to predict the occurrence of adverse health outcomes such as dependence and hospitalization in community-dwelling older people. DESIGN Secondary analysis of a cohort study, the Toledo Study of Healthy Ageing. SETTING Province of Toledo, Spain. PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling older people. MEASUREMENTS Items equal or similar to those of the IST were introduced as a reflective-formative construct in a Structural Equation Model to evaluate its measurement structure and its association with dependence for basic and instrumental activities and hospitalization over a three-year period. RESULTS A total of 1032 individuals were analyzed. Mean age was 73.5 years (sd 5.4). The least preserved indicators were ability to recall three words (18%) and to perform chair stands (54%). Vision and hearing items did not form a single sensory domain, so six domains were considered. Several cognition items did not show sufficiently strong and univocal associations with the domain. After pruning the ill-behaved items, the measurement model fit was excellent (Satorra-Bentler scaled chi-square: 10.3, degrees of freedom: 11, p=0.501; CFI: 1.000; RMSEA: 0.000, 90% CI: 0.000-0.031, p value RMSEA<=0.05: 1; SRMR: 0.055). In the structural model, the cognition domain items were not associated as expected with age (p values 0.158 and 0.293), education (p values 0.190 and 0.432) and dependence (p values 0.654 and 0.813). The IST included as a composite in a model with the individual domains showed no statistically significant associations with any of the outcomes (dependence for basic activities: 0.162, p=0.167; instrumental: -0.052, p=0.546; hospitalization: 0.145, p=0.167), while only the mobility domain did so for dependence (basic: -0.266, p=0.005; instrumental: -0.138, p=0.019). The model fit of the last version was good (Satorra-Bentler scaled chi-square: 52.1, degrees of freedom: 52, p=0.469; CFI: 1.000; TLI: 1.000; RMSEA: 0.01, 90% CI: 0.000-0.02, p value RMSEA<=0.05: 1; SRMR: 0.071). The IST operationalized as the sum of non-impaired domains was not associated after covariate adjustment (dependence for basic activities: -0.065, p=0.356; instrumental: -0.08, p=0.05; hospitalization: -0.003, p=0.949) either. CONCLUSION The cognitive domain of the IST, and probably other of its items, may need a reformulation. A global measure of intrinsic capacity such as the IST does not add explanatory power to the individual domains that constitute it. So far, our results confirm the importance of checking the findings of the IST with a second confirmatory step, as described in the WHO's ICOPE strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Á Rodríguez-Laso
- Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas, Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Ctra de Toledo Km12,5. 28905 Getafe. Madrid, Spain, Phone number: (34) 916839360 (ext. 6412),
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Imbernón-Mulero A, Maestre-Valero JF, Martínez-Alvarez V, García-García FJ, Jódar-Conesa FJ, Gallego-Elvira B. Evaluation of an autonomous smart system for optimal management of fertigation with variable sources of irrigation water. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1149956. [PMID: 37123858 PMCID: PMC10130640 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1149956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Modern irrigation technologies and tools can help boost fertigation efficiency and sustainability, particularly when using irrigation water of varying quality. In this study, a high-tech irrigation head using a new fertigation optimization tool called NutriBalance, which is designed to manage feed waters of different qualities, has been evaluated from technical and economic perspectives. NutriBalance computes the optimal fertigation dose based on specific data about the equipment, the crop, the irrigation water, and the fertilizers available, in order to enable autonomous and accurate water and fertilizer supply. The system was trialed in a grapefruit orchard irrigated with fresh and desalinated water for several values of crop nutritional requirements and considering different fertilizer price scenarios. The results showed the good interoperability between the tool and the irrigation head and the nearly flawless ability (error below 7% for most ions) of the system to provide the prescribed fertigation with different combinations of irrigation water. Fertilizer savings of up to 40% were achieved, which, for the lifespan of the equipment, were estimated to correspond to around 500 EUR/ha/year. The results of this study can encourage the adoption of novel technologies and tools by farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Imbernón-Mulero
- Deparment of Agricultural Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
- *Correspondence: Alberto Imbernón-Mulero,
| | - José F. Maestre-Valero
- Deparment of Agricultural Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Belén Gallego-Elvira
- Deparment of Agricultural Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
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Rodríguez-Gómez I, Sánchez-Martín C, García-García FJ, García-Esquinas E, Miret M, Vicente-Rodriguez G, Gusi N, Mañas A, Carnicero JA, Gonzalez-Gross M, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Ara Royo I. The medium-term consequences of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle among Spanish older people with hypertension, pulmonary, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal-diseases, depression, and cancer. Epidemiol Health 2022; 44:e2022026. [PMID: 35209708 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2022026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To assess the influence of different chronic diseases on lifestyle and health behaviours changes after COVID-19 lockdown in Spanish older people compared to people without these diseases and compare the differences in these changes between both periods. Methods 1092 participants (80.3±5.6y;66.5%women) from two Spanish cohorts were included. Telephone-based questionaries were used to evaluate health risk behaviours and lifestyle during lockdown and 7-months later. Self-reported physician-based diagnosis of chronic diseases was also reported. Cox-proportional models adjusted for main confounders were applied. Results Improvements concerning lifestyle were found in older people with chronic diseases, although they worsened the physical component (except cancer). When they were compared to those without these diseases, hypertension was associated with a lower frequency of increased alcohol consumption (Hazard ratio:0.73[95% confidence interval:0.55;0.99]). Pulmonary diseases were associated with a lower risk of both decreased sedentary time (0.58[0.39;0.86]) and worsening sleep quality (0.56[0.36;0.87]), while CVD was only associated with a lower frequency of decreased sedentary time (0.58[0.38;0.88]). Depression was linked to a higher risk of increasing diet quality (1.53[1.00;2.36]). Cancer was less likely to worsen sleep quality (0.44[0.22;0.89]), but more likely to worsen their social contact frequency (2.05[1.05;3.99]). No significant association related to musculoskeletal diseases. Conclusion Beneficial changes in health risk behaviours and lifestyle after the COVID-19 lockdown in older people with chronic diseases were found. Particularly, older people with hypertension, pulmonary disease and cancer showed beneficial changes after lockdown compared to their counterparts without diseases. Those with CVD and depression showed lifestyles that could involve a health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Esther García-Esquinas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Korea
| | - Marta Miret
- Department of Psychiatry. School of Medicine. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Narcís Gusi
- Instituto Internacional de Investigación e Innovación en Envejecimiento, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Asier Mañas
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | | | | | - José L Ayuso-Mateos
- Department of Psychiatry. School of Medicine. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Rodríguez-Gómez I, Sánchez-Martín C, García-García FJ, García-Esquinas E, Miret M, Jiménez-Pavón D, Guadalupe-Grau A, Mañas A, Carnicero JA, Casajus JA, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Ara I. The Medium-Term Changes in Health-Related Behaviours among Spanish Older People Lifestyles during Covid-19 Lockdown. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:485-494. [PMID: 35587761 PMCID: PMC9020156 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1781-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to evaluate general changes and investigate the association between diet quality, physical activity (PA), and sedentary time (ST) during COVID-19 lockdown and the subsequent 7-month changes in health-related behaviours and lifestyles in older people. PARTICIPANTS 1092 participants (67-97y) from two Spanish cohorts were included. DESIGN Telephone-based questionaries were used to evaluate health-related behaviours and lifestyle. Multinomial logistic regression analyses with diet quality, PA, and ST during lockdown as predictors for health-related behaviours changes post-lockdown were applied. RESULTS Diet quality, PA, and ST significantly improved post-lockdown, while physical component score of the SF-12 worsened. Participants with a low diet quality during lockdown had higher worsening of post-lockdown ST and anxiety; whereas those with high diet quality showed less likelihood of remaining abstainers, worsening weight, and improving PA. Lower ST was associated with a higher likelihood of remaining abstainers, and worsening weight and improving social contact; nevertheless, higher ST was linked to improvement in sleep quality. Lower PA was more likely to decrease alcohol consumption, while higher PA showed the opposite. However, PA was more likely to be associated to remain abstainers. CONCLUSIONS Despite improvements in lifestyle after lockdown, it had health consequences for older people. Particularly, lower ST during lockdown seemed to provide the most medium-term remarkable lifestyle improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Rodríguez-Gómez
- Ignacio Ara Royo, PhD, GENUD-Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain, Tel: +34 925268800 (Ext.5543); E-mail: ; @iara_royo
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Rodriguez-Laso Á, Gonzales-Turín JM, Carnicero JA, García-García FJ, Rodríguez-Mañas L. Reply to the letter 'Visual impairment and frailty in older people'. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:3147. [PMID: 34570317 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-01983-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Alcazar J, Alegre LM, Suetta C, Júdice PB, VAN Roie E, González-Gross M, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Casajús JA, MAGALHãES JOP, Nielsen BR, García-García FJ, Delecluse C, Sardinha LB, Ara I. Threshold of Relative Muscle Power Required to Rise from a Chair and Mobility Limitations and Disability in Older Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 53:2217-2224. [PMID: 34107507 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Being able to rise from a chair is paramount for independent living and is strongly influenced by the ability of the lower limbs to exert mechanical power. This study assessed minimal thresholds of lower-limb relative muscle power required to perform the sit-to-stand (STS) task in older adults and its association with mobility limitations and disability. METHODS A total of 11,583 older adults (age, 60-103 yr) participated in this investigation. The 5-rep and 30-s versions of the STS test were used to assess chair rising ability. Relative power was calculated by the STS muscle power test. The minimum thresholds of power required to perform the STS tests were derived from the minimum values (i.e., "floor" effect) reported in the power tests through regression analyses. Mobility limitations and disability in activities of daily living (ADL) were recorded. RESULTS For the average older man and woman, the thresholds to complete five STS repetitions were 1.1 and 1.0 W·kg-1, respectively, whereas the thresholds to complete one STS repetition were 0.3 W·kg-1 in both sexes. These thresholds increased linearly with height (5- and 1-rep, respectively: +0.13 and +0.03 W·kg-1 per 10-cm increase; both P < 0.001) and did not differ by sex or testing condition (both P ≥ 0.259). All participants with relative power below the 5-rep threshold presented mobility limitations, and 51%-56% of women and 36%-49% of men also showed disability in ADL (all χ2 ≥ 290.4; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION A minimum level of relative muscle power is required to rise from a chair independently, which depends on the individual height and is associated with increased mobility limitations and disability. This information will help interpret data yielded by the STS muscle power test and may contribute to the prevention and treatment of mobility limitations in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Evelien VAN Roie
- Physical Activity, Sports and Health Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, BELGIUM
| | | | | | | | - JOãO P MAGALHãES
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculty of Human Motricity, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, PORTUGAL
| | - Barbara R Nielsen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatric Division, Amager and Hvidovre Hospital, Glostrup, Copenhagen, DENMARK
| | | | - Christophe Delecluse
- Physical Activity, Sports and Health Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, BELGIUM
| | - Luis B Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculty of Human Motricity, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, PORTUGAL
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Mañas A, Del Pozo-Cruz B, Rodríguez-Gómez I, Losa-Reyna J, Júdice PB, Sardinha LB, Rodríguez-Mañas L, García-García FJ, Ara I. Breaking Sedentary Time Predicts Future Frailty in Inactive Older Adults: A Cross-Lagged Panel Model. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:893-900. [PMID: 32592584 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-sectional evidence exists on the beneficial effects of breaks in sedentary time (BST) on frailty in older adults. Nonetheless, the longitudinal nature of these associations is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the direction and temporal order of the association between accelerometer-derived BST and frailty over time in older adults. METHODS This longitudinal study analyzed a total of 186 older adults aged 67-90 (76.7 ± 3.9 years; 52.7% females) from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging over a 4-year period. Number of daily BST was measured by accelerometry. Frailty was assessed with the Frailty Trait Scale. Multiple cross-lagged panel models were used to test the temporal and reciprocal relationship between BST and frailty. RESULTS For those physically inactive (n = 126), our analyses revealed a reciprocal inverse relationship between BST and frailty, such as higher initial BST predicted lower levels of later frailty (standardized regression coefficient [β] = -0.150, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.281, -0.018; p < .05); as well as initial lower frailty levels predicted higher future BST (β = -0.161, 95% CI = -0.310, -0.011; p < .05). Conversely, no significant pathway was found in the active participants (n = 60). CONCLUSIONS In physically inactive older adults, the relationship between BST and frailty is bidirectional, while in active individuals no associations were found. This investigation provides preliminary longitudinal evidence that breaking-up sedentary time more often reduces frailty in those older adults who do not meet physical activity recommendations. Targeting frequent BST may bring a feasible approach to decrease the burden of frailty among more at-risk inactive older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Mañas
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Del Pozo-Cruz
- Motivation and Behaviour Research Program, Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Irene Rodríguez-Gómez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Losa-Reyna
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Pedro B Júdice
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís B Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
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10
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Rodríguez-Mañas L, Angulo J, Carnicero JA, El Assar M, García-García FJ, Sinclair AJ. Dual effects of insulin resistance on mortality and function in non-diabetic older adults: findings from the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging. GeroScience 2021; 44:1095-1108. [PMID: 34075557 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin signalling declines with increasing age and impacts skeletal muscle function and longevity in animal models. Our aim was to assess the relationships between insulin resistance (IR) and frailty and mortality in a unique community-dwelling cohort of older people. 991 non-diabetic subjects from the Toledo Study of Healthy Ageing (TSHA) cohort were included. IR was estimated by the homeostasis model assessment index (HOMA-IR) at baseline while frailty was determined by frailty phenotype (FP) and Frailty Trait Scale (FTS) at baseline and after 5-year follow-up. Deaths were also determined. Multivariate regression models were used to analyze the effects of HOMA-IR on outcomes. Age, gender, BMI, education level, cardio- and cerebro-vascular disease, glomerular filtration rate, and disability were included as potential confounding variables in progressive adjustment models. IR determined as increasing log HOMA-IR was inversely associated with risk of mortality. The association remained significant for all adjustment models (HR: 0.64-0.69). When we analyzed survival curves, the higher the HOMA-IR tertile, the lower the mortality rate (highest vs lowest tertile, p = 0.0082). In contrast, IR increased the risk of incident frailty determined by FP (OR 1.81 [1.14-2.87]) as well as deterioration of frailty status determined by worsening in FTS score (OR 1.28 [1.01-1.63]) at 5-year follow-up. In non-diabetic older subjects, IR significantly increases the risk for frailty and functional decline but decreased the risk of death at 5-year follow-up. This finding raises the need of assessing the effect of biomarkers on different outcomes before establishing their role as biomarkers of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain.
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Ctra de Toledo km 12,500, 28905, Getafe, Spain.
| | - Javier Angulo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (IRYCIS-UFV), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Carnicero
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariam El Assar
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Alan J Sinclair
- Foundation for Diabetes Research in Older People (fDROP) and King's College London, London, UK
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11
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Rodríguez-Gómez I, Mañas A, Losa-Reyna J, Alegre LM, Rodríguez-Mañas L, García-García FJ, Ara I. Relationship between Physical Performance and Frailty Syndrome in Older Adults: The Mediating Role of Physical Activity, Sedentary Time and Body Composition. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 18:ijerph18010203. [PMID: 33383967 PMCID: PMC7794741 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The objectives were to clarify whether the relationship between physical performance and frailty was independently and jointly mediated by movement behaviors and body composition. We analyzed 871 older adults (476 women) from The Toledo Study for Healthy Aging. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) and fat index (FI) were determined using bone densitometry. Sedentary time (ST) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) were assessed using accelerometry. The Frailty Trait Scale and The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) were used to evaluate frailty and physical performance, respectively. Simple and multiple mediation analyses were carried out to determine the role of movement behaviors and body composition, adjusted for potential confounders. ST and MVPA acted independently as mediators in the relationship between SPPB and frailty (0.06% for ST and 16.89% for MVPA). FI also acted as an independent mediator in the same relationship (36.47%), while the mediation role of SMI was not significant. MVPA and FI both acted jointly as mediators in this previous relationship explaining 58.15% of the model. Our data support the fact that interventions should simultaneously encourage the promotion of MVPA and strategies to decrease the FI in order to prevent or treat frailty through physical performance improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rodríguez-Gómez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (I.R.-G.); (A.M.); (J.L.-R.); (L.M.A.)
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-M.); (F.J.G.-G.)
| | - Asier Mañas
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (I.R.-G.); (A.M.); (J.L.-R.); (L.M.A.)
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-M.); (F.J.G.-G.)
| | - José Losa-Reyna
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (I.R.-G.); (A.M.); (J.L.-R.); (L.M.A.)
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-M.); (F.J.G.-G.)
- Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Luis M. Alegre
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (I.R.-G.); (A.M.); (J.L.-R.); (L.M.A.)
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-M.); (F.J.G.-G.)
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-M.); (F.J.G.-G.)
- Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, 28905 Getafe, Spain
| | - Francisco J. García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-M.); (F.J.G.-G.)
- Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; (I.R.-G.); (A.M.); (J.L.-R.); (L.M.A.)
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (L.R.-M.); (F.J.G.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-925-268-800 (ext. 5543)
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12
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El Assar M, Angulo J, Carnicero JA, Walter S, García-García FJ, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Rodríguez-Mañas L. Association between telomere length, frailty and death in older adults. GeroScience 2020; 43:1015-1027. [PMID: 33190211 PMCID: PMC8110679 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-020-00291-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Frailty is considered a clinical marker of functional ageing. Telomere length (TL) has been proposed as a biomarker of biological age but its role in human ageing is controversial. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the longitudinal association of TL with incident frailty and mortality in two cohorts of Spanish community-dwelling older adults. TL was determined at baseline in blood samples from older adults included in Toledo Study for Healthy Aging and ENRICA cohorts while frailty was determined by frailty phenotype (FP) at baseline and at follow-up (3.5 years). Deaths occurring during follow-up were also recorded. Associations of TL with frailty and mortality were analysed by logistic regression with progressive adjustment. Data were separately analysed in the two cohorts and in all subjects by performing a meta-analysis. TL was not different between frail and non-frail subjects. Longer telomeres were not associated with lower risk of prevalent frailty. Similarly, TL at baseline failed to predict incident frailty (OR: 1.04 [0.88-1.23]) or even the development of a new FP criterion (OR: 0.97 [0.90-1.05]) at follow-up. Lack of association was also observed when analysing the development of specific FP criteria. Finally, while frailty at baseline was significantly associated with higher risk of death at follow-up (OR: 4.08 [1.97-8.43], p < 0.001), TL did not significantly change the mortality risk (OR: 1.05 [0.94-1.16]). Results show that TL does not predict incident frailty or mortality in older adults. This suggests that TL is not a reliable biomarker of functional age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam El Assar
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Angulo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Histología-Investigación, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (IRYCIS-UFV), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Carnicero
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefan Walter
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid/IdiPaz, CIBERESP, and IMDEA Food Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain.
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Ctra de Toledo km 12,500, 28905, Getafe, Spain.
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13
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Rodríguez-Gómez I, Mañas A, Losa-Reyna J, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Chastin SF, Alegre LM, García-García FJ, Ara I. Prospective Changes in the Distribution of Movement Behaviors Are Associated With Bone Health in the Elderly According to Variations in their Frailty Levels. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:1236-1245. [PMID: 32078181 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Frailty is associated with poor bone health and osteoporosis, and physical activity (PA) is one of the best treatments for both pathologies in older adults. Nonetheless, because daily time is limited, how the time is distributed during the waking hours is critical. The waking hours are spent according to different movement behaviors: sedentary behaviors (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The aim of this study was to use compositional data analyses to examine the effects of the change in movement behaviors on bone health during aging in older people, related to the changes in their frailty levels. We analyzed 227 older people aged 65 to 94 (125 women and 102 men) over a 4-year period. Movement behaviors were assessed using accelerometry. Both bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were determined using bone densitometry. The Frailty Trait Scale was used to divide the sample by frailty level evolution during aging. The R statistical system was used for the compositional data analysis and, in addition, all models were adjusted for several covariates. The changes in the distribution of all movement behaviors within a waking hour period were significantly associated with spine and femoral neck BMD changes in the subgroup with a positive change in frailty level and spine BMC in the subgroup with no change in frailty level (p ≤ .05). Likewise, MVPA relative to the change in other movement behaviors was also associated in both subgroups with higher BMD and BMC, respectively, in the same body areas (p ≤ .05). No significant associations were found in the negative change in frailty level subgroup. Older people who achieved a positive change in frailty level during a 4-year period showed higher BMD changes compared to those with no changes or increases in their frailty level. Therefore, increasing MVPA relative to the change in the other movement behaviors during a 4-year period could perhaps produce bone health improvements in the elderly that do not worsen their frailty level. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rodríguez-Gómez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Asier Mañas
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Losa-Reyna
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - Sebastien Fm Chastin
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luis M Alegre
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
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14
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Mañas A, Del Pozo-Cruz B, Rodríguez-Gómez I, Losa-Reyna J, Rodríguez-Mañas L, García-García FJ, Ara I. Which one came first: movement behavior or frailty? A cross-lagged panel model in the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:415-423. [PMID: 31912990 PMCID: PMC7113532 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been limited longitudinal assessment of the relationship between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) with frailty, and no studies have explored the possibility of reverse causality. This study aimed to determine the potential bidirectionality of the relationship between accelerometer-assessed MVPA, SB, and frailty over time in older adults. METHODS Participants were from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging. We analysed 186 older people aged 67 to 90 (76.7 ± 3.9; 52.7% female participants) over a 4-year period. Time spent in SB and MVPA was assessed by accelerometry. Frailty Trait Scale was used to determine frailty levels. A cross-lagged panel model design was used to test the reciprocal relationships between MVPA/SB and frailty. RESULTS Frailty Trait Scale score changed from 35.4 to 43.8 points between the two times (P < 0.05). We also found a reduction of 7 min/day in the time spent on MVPA (P < 0.05), and participants tended to spend more time on SB (P = 0.076). Our analyses revealed that lower levels of initial MVPA predicted higher levels of later frailty [std. β = -0.126; confidence interval (CI) = -0.231, -0.021; P < 0.05], whereas initial spent time on SB did not predict later frailty (std. β = -0.049; CI = -0.185, 0.087; P = 0.48). Conversely, an initial increased frailty status predicted higher levels of later SB (std. β = 0.167; CI = 0.026, 0.307; P < 0.05) but not those of MVPA (std. β = 0.071; CI = -0.033, 0.175; P = 0.18). CONCLUSIONS Our observations suggest that the relationship between MVPA/SB and frailty is unidirectional: individuals who spent less time on MVPA at baseline are more likely to increase their frailty score, and individuals who are more frail are more likely to spent more time on SB at follow-up. Interventions and policies should aim to increase MVPA levels from earlier stages to promote successful aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Mañas
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Del Pozo-Cruz
- Motivation and Behaviour Research Program, Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Irene Rodríguez-Gómez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Losa-Reyna
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
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15
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Rodríguez-Gómez I, Mañas A, Losa-Reyna J, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Chastin SFM, Alegre LM, García-García FJ, Ara I. Compositional Influence of Movement Behaviors on Bone Health during Aging. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 51:1736-1744. [PMID: 30829961 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE Physical activity (PA) is considered the best nonpharmacological treatment for the decrease in bone mass (BM) produced during aging. Therefore, it is essential to assess how the time spent in PA is distributed to control further changes. This work examines the relationship between movement behaviors and BM during aging, using compositional data analysis. METHODS We studied 227 older people 65 to 94 yr old (102 men and 125 women), divided by sex and bone status, over a period of 4 yr. Time spent in sedentary behavior (SB), light PA (LPA), and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), was assessed using accelerometry. BM was determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS The changes in MVPA were positively associated with the rate of BM decay at spine and leg in the whole sample and men's subgroup (P ≤ 0.05). In women, the rate of BM decay at spine and Ward's triangle were negatively associated with SB changes, and BM decay at femoral neck and Ward's triangle were positively associated with LPA (P ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION Increasing MVPA related to other movement behaviors produces improvements in the rate of bone change in older men, whereas to increase LPA and maintain MVPA would be the best approach to enhance BM in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rodríguez-Gómez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, SPAIN.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Madrid, SPAIN
| | - Asier Mañas
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, SPAIN.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Madrid, SPAIN
| | - José Losa-Reyna
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, SPAIN.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Madrid, SPAIN.,Geriatric Department, Virgen del Valle Hospital, Toledo, SPAIN
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Madrid, SPAIN.,Geriatric Department, University Hospital of Getafe, Getafe, SPAIN
| | - Sebastien F M Chastin
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UNITED KINGDOM.,Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, BELGIUM
| | - Luis M Alegre
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, SPAIN.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Madrid, SPAIN
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Madrid, SPAIN.,Geriatric Department, Virgen del Valle Hospital, Toledo, SPAIN
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, SPAIN.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Madrid, SPAIN
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16
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Mañas A, Del Pozo-Cruz B, Rodríguez-Gómez I, Leal-Martín J, Losa-Reyna J, Rodríguez-Mañas L, García-García FJ, Ara I. Dose-response association between physical activity and sedentary time categories on ageing biomarkers. BMC Geriatr 2019; 19:270. [PMID: 31615446 PMCID: PMC6794876 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1284-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity and sedentary behaviour have been suggested to independently affect a number of health outcomes. To what extent different combinations of physical activity and sedentary behaviour may influence physical function and frailty outcomes in older adults is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the combination of mutually exclusive categories of accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time on physical function and frailty in older adults. Methods 771 older adults (54% women; 76.8 ± 4.9 years) from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging participated in this cross-sectional study. Physical activity and sedentary time were measured by accelerometry. Physically active was defined as meeting current aerobic guidelines for older adults proposed by the World Health Organization. Low sedentary was defined as residing in the lowest quartile of the light physical activity-to-sedentary time ratio. Participants were then classified into one of four mutually exclusive movement patterns: (1) ‘physically active & low sedentary’, (2) ‘physically active & high sedentary’, (3) ‘physically inactive & low sedentary’, and (4) ‘physically inactive & high sedentary’. The Short Physical Performance Battery was used to measure physical function and frailty was assessed using the Frailty Trait Scale. Results ‘Physically active & low sedentary’ and ‘physically active & high sedentary’ individuals had significantly higher levels of physical function (β = 1.73 and β = 1.30 respectively; all p < 0.001) and lower frailty (β = − 13.96 and β = − 8.71 respectively; all p < 0.001) compared to ‘physically inactive & high sedentary’ participants. Likewise, ‘physically inactive & low sedentary’ group had significantly lower frailty (β = − 2.50; p = 0.05), but significance was not reached for physical function. Conclusions We found a dose-response association of the different movement patterns analysed in this study with physical function and frailty. Meeting the physical activity guidelines was associated with the most beneficial physical function and frailty profiles in our sample. Among inactive people, more light intensity relative to sedentary time was associated with better frailty status. These results point out to the possibility of stepwise interventions (i.e. targeting less strenuous activities) to promote successful aging, particularly in inactive older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Mañas
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Del Pozo-Cruz
- Motivation and Behaviour Research Program, Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Irene Rodríguez-Gómez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Leal-Martín
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Losa-Reyna
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III s/n, 45071, Toledo, Spain. .,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
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17
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Alcazar J, Losa-Reyna J, Rodriguez-Lopez C, Navarro-Cruz R, Alfaro-Acha A, Ara I, García-García FJ, Alegre LM, Guadalupe-Grau A. Effects of concurrent exercise training on muscle dysfunction and systemic oxidative stress in older people with COPD. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 29:1591-1603. [PMID: 31169924 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is associated with disease severity and limb muscle dysfunction in COPD. Our main goal was to assess the effects of exercise training on systemic oxidative stress and limb muscle dysfunction in older people with COPD. Twenty-nine outpatients with COPD (66-90 years) were randomly assigned to a 12-week exercise training (ET; high-intensity interval training (HIIT) plus power training) or a control (CT; usual care) group. We evaluated mid-thigh muscle cross-sectional area (CSA; computed tomography); vastus lateralis (VL) muscle thickness, pennation angle, and fascicle length (ultrasonography); peak VO2 uptake (VO2peak ) and work rate (Wpeak ) (incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test); rate of force development (RFD); maximal muscle power (Pmax ; force-velocity testing); systemic oxidative stress (plasma protein carbonylation); and physical performance and quality of life. ET subjects experienced changes in mid-thigh muscle CSA (+4%), VL muscle thickness (+11%) and pennation angle (+19%), VO2peak (+14%), Wpeak (+37%), RFD (+32% to 65%), Pmax (+38% to 51%), sit-to-stand time (-24%), and self-reported health status (+20%) (all P < 0.05). No changes were noted in the CT group (P > 0.05). Protein carbonylation decreased among ET subjects (-27%; P < 0.05), but not in the CT group (P > 0.05). Changes in protein carbonylation were associated with changes in muscle size and pennation angle (r = -0.44 to -0.57), exercise capacity (r = -0.46), muscle strength (r = -0.45), and sit-to-stand performance (r = 0.60) (all P < 0.05). The combination of HIIT and power training improved systemic oxidative stress and limb muscle dysfunction in older people with COPD. Changes in oxidative stress were associated with exercise-induced structural and functional adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Alcazar
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Losa-Reyna
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Lopez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Navarro-Cruz
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Alfaro-Acha
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Luis M Alegre
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain.,ImFINE Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Rusanova I, Fernández-Martínez J, Fernández-Ortiz M, Aranda-Martínez P, Escames G, García-García FJ, Mañas L, Acuña-Castroviejo D. Involvement of plasma miRNAs, muscle miRNAs and mitochondrial miRNAs in the pathophysiology of frailty. Exp Gerontol 2019; 124:110637. [PMID: 31199979 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2019.110637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Frailty is a geriatric syndrome that leads not only to the loss of physical functions, but also to a generalized decline of the organism and a high risk of disability and dependency. Frailty's detection and management represent important goals for current gerontology. The advance in its rapid diagnosis could play a relevant role in taking measures to reduce the negative consequences it exerts on the body and to take preventive measures. microRNAs are the one of multiple epigenetic biomarkers that reflect functional changes in aged subject. In this review we analyze microRNAs as molecules involved in the control of the pathways leading to the development of frailty. miRNAs can be present in different body fluids, including plasma/serum and saliva, can be associated with organelles like the mitochondria, and can be expressed in tissues. Based on the multifactorial physiopathology of frailty, we analyzed here the microRNAs linked to "inflammaging" (inflamma-miRs), to musculoskeletal health (myomiRs), and microRNAs that can directly or indirectly affect the mitochondria (mitomiRs). Subsequently, we analyze those microRNAs that can be modified by physical exercise. In this review we will analyze the latest experimental studies carried out in animals, cell cultures, and human samples, with the aim to identify gaps in the research and in order to try to dazzle the information about the pathways regulated by each miRNA. Multiple studies revised here suggest that several miRs can be considered as possible markers of frailty, including miR-1, miR-21, miR-34a, miR-146a, miR-185, and miR-206, miR-223, among others. Normalization of miRNAs data and standardization of the protocols used for their measurement to avoid confounding variables influencing the results, are important to use miRNAs as disease biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Rusanova
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBERfes, Ibs.Granada, and UGC de Laboratorios Clínicos, Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - José Fernández-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Marisol Fernández-Ortiz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Paula Aranda-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Germaine Escames
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBERfes, Ibs.Granada, and UGC de Laboratorios Clínicos, Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBERfes, División de Medicina Geriátrica, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Leocadio Mañas
- CIBERfes, Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío Acuña-Castroviejo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBERfes, Ibs.Granada, and UGC de Laboratorios Clínicos, Complejo Hospitalario de Granada, Granada, Spain.
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19
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Inglés M, Mas-Bargues C, Gimeno-Mallench L, Cruz-Guerrero R, García-García FJ, Gambini J, Borrás C, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Viña J. Relation Between Genetic Factors and Frailty in Older Adults. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2019; 20:1451-1457. [PMID: 31078485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Frailty is a geriatric syndrome that identifies individuals at higher risk of disability, institutionalization, and death. We previously reported that frailty is related to oxidative stress and cognitive impairment-related biomarkers. The aim of this study was to determine whether frailty is associated with genetic variants. DESIGN Longitudinal population-based cohort of 2488 community-dwelling people from Toledo, Spain, aged 65 years or older. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS We obtained blood samples from 78 individuals with frailty and 74 nonfrail individuals who were nonfrail (according to Fried criteria) from the Toledo Study of Healthy Ageing and extracted DNA using the Chemagic DNA blood kit. MEASURES Sample genotyping was carried out by means of Axiom Exome 319 Genotyping Array (Thermo Fisher Scientific), which contains 295,988 markers [single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and rare variants], and transferred to the GeneTitan Instrument (Affymetrix). RESULTS We found 15 SNPs (P < .001), 18 genes (P < .005), and 4 pathways (P < .05) related to cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity, regulation of autophagy, and renin-angiotensin system as the most strongly associated with frailty. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS The specific genetic features related to energy metabolism, biological processes regulation, cognition, and inflammation highlighted by this preliminary analysis offer useful insights for finding biologically meaningful biomarkers of frailty that allow early diagnosis and treatment. Further research is needed to confirm our novel findings in a larger population. Indeed, the EU-funded FRAILOMICS research effort will address this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Inglés
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Mas-Bargues
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lucia Gimeno-Mallench
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Raquel Cruz-Guerrero
- CIBERER- Genomic Medicine Group, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - Juan Gambini
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Consuelo Borrás
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Getafe and CIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Ageing), Getafe, Spain
| | - Jose Viña
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, CIBERFES-ISCIII, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
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20
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Navarro-Cruz R, Alcazar J, Rodriguez-Lopez C, Losa-Reyna J, Alfaro-Acha A, Ara I, García-García FJ, Alegre LM. The Effect of the Stretch-Shortening Cycle in the Force-Velocity Relationship and Its Association With Physical Function in Older Adults With COPD. Front Physiol 2019; 10:316. [PMID: 30971950 PMCID: PMC6443992 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) on different portions of the force–velocity (F–V) relationship in older adults with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to assess its association with physical function. The participants were 26 older adults with COPD (79 ± 7 years old; FEV1 = 53 ± 36% of predicted) and 10 physically active non-COPD (77 ± 4 years old) older adults. The F–V relationship was evaluated in the leg press exercise during a purely concentric muscle action and compared with that following an eccentric muscle action at 10% intervals of maximal unloaded shortening velocity (V0). Vastus lateralis (VL) muscle thickness, pennation angle (PA), and fascicle length (FL) were assessed by ultrasound. Habitual gait speed was measured over a 4-m distance. COPD subjects exhibited lower physical function and concentric maximal muscle power (Pmax) values compared with the non-COPD group (both p < 0.05). The SSC increased force and power values among COPD participants at 0–100 and 1–100% of V0, respectively, while the same was observed among non-COPD participants only at 40–90 and 30–90% of V0, respectively (all p < 0.05). The SSC induced greater improvements in force, but not power, among COPD compared with non-COPD subjects between 50 and 70% of V0 (all p < 0.05). Thus, between-group differences in muscle power were not statistically significant after the inclusion of the SSC (p > 0.05). The SSC-induced potentiation at 50–100% of V0 was negatively associated with physical function (r = -0.40–0.50), while that observed at 80–100% of V0 was negatively associated with VL muscle thickness and PA (r = -0.43–0.52) (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, older adults with COPD showed a higher SSC-induced potentiation compared with non-COPD subjects, which eliminated between-group differences in muscle power when performing SSC muscle actions. The SSC-induced potentiation was associated with lower physical function, VL muscle thickness, and VL PA values. The SSC-induced potentiation may help as a compensatory mechanism in those older subjects with a decreased ability to produce force/power during purely concentric muscle actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Navarro-Cruz
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julian Alcazar
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Lopez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Losa-Reyna
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Geriatrics, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ana Alfaro-Acha
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Geriatrics, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.,Department of Geriatrics, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Luis M Alegre
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain.,CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
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21
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Rodríguez-Gómez I, Mañas A, Losa-Reyna J, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Chastin SFM, Alegre LM, García-García FJ, Ara I. The Impact of Movement Behaviors on Bone Health in Elderly with Adequate Nutritional Status: Compositional Data Analysis Depending on the Frailty Status. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030582. [PMID: 30857291 PMCID: PMC6472191 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between bone mass (BM) and physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) according to frailty status and sex using compositional data analysis. We analyzed 871 older people with an adequate nutritional status. Fried criteria were used to classify by frailty status. Time spent in SB, light intensity PA (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) was assessed from accelerometry for 7 days. BM was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The combined effect of PA and SB was significantly associated with BM in robust men and women (p ≤ 0.05). In relation to the other behaviors, SB was negatively associated with BM in robust men while BM was positively associated with SB and negatively with LPA and MVPA in robust women. Moreover, LPA also was positively associated with arm BM (p ≤ 0.01). Finally, in pre-frail women, BM was positively associated with MVPA. In our sample, to decrease SB could be a good strategy to improve BM in robust men. In contrast, in pre-frail women, MVPA may be an important factor to consider regarding bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Rodríguez-Gómez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28001 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Asier Mañas
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28001 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Losa-Reyna
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28001 Madrid, Spain.
- Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28001 Madrid, Spain.
- Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, 28901 Getafe, Spain.
| | - Sebastien F M Chastin
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G1 1BX, UK.
- Department Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Luis M Alegre
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28001 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28001 Madrid, Spain.
- Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28001 Madrid, Spain.
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Mañas A, Pozo-Cruz BD, Rodríguez-Gómez I, Losa-Reyna J, Rodríguez-Mañas L, García-García FJ, Ara I. Can Physical Activity Offset the Detrimental Consequences of Sedentary Time on Frailty? A Moderation Analysis in 749 Older Adults Measured With Accelerometers. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2019; 20:634-638.e1. [PMID: 30738823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether or not and to what extent the association between sedentary time and frailty was moderated by moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Community-dwelling individuals. PARTICIPANTS 749 (403 females and 346 males) white older adults. MEASUREMENTS Sedentary time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity were measured with accelerometers. Frailty was objectively measured using the Frailty Trait Scale. All models were adjusted for age, sex, education, income, marital status, body mass index, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and accelerometer wear time. RESULTS The regression model reported a significant effect of sedentary time on frailty (P < .05). Nevertheless, the results indicated that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity moderates the relationship between frailty status and sedentary time. The Johnson-Neyman technique determined that the estimated moderate-to-vigorous physical activity point was 27.25 minutes/d, from which sedentary time has no significant effect on frailty. CONCLUSIONS Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity is a moderator in the relationship between sedentary time and frailty in older adults, offsetting the harmful effects of sedentary behavior with 27 minutes/d of moderate-to-vigorous activity. Engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activities should be encouraged. Reducing sedentary behavior may also be beneficial, particularly among inactive older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Mañas
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Del Pozo-Cruz
- Motivation and Behaviour Research Program, Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Irene Rodríguez-Gómez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Losa-Reyna
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain; Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain; Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain; Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
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23
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Rodríguez-Gómez I, Mañas A, Losa-Reyna J, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Chastin SFM, Alegre LM, García-García FJ, Ara I. Associations between sedentary time, physical activity and bone health among older people using compositional data analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206013. [PMID: 30346973 PMCID: PMC6197664 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aging is associated with a progressive decrease in bone mass (BM), and being physical active is one of the main strategies to combat this continuous loss. Nonetheless, because daily time is limited, time spent on each movement behavior is co-dependent. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between BM and movement behaviors in elderly people using compositional data analysis. METHODS We analyzed 871 older people [395 men (76.9±5.3y) and 476 women (76.7±4.7y)]. Time spent in sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), was assessed using accelerometry. BM was determined by bone densitometry (DXA). The sample was divided according to sex and bone health indicators. RESULTS The combined effect of all movement behaviors (PA and SB) was significantly associated with whole body, leg and femoral region BM in the whole sample (p≤0.05), with leg and pelvic BM (p<0.05) in men and, with whole body, arm and leg BM (p<0.05) in women. In men, arm and pelvic BM were negatively associated with SB and whole body, pelvic and leg BM were positively associated with MVPA (p≤0.05). In women, whole body and leg BM were positively associated with SB. Arm and whole body BM were positively associated and leg BM was negatively associated with LPA and arm BM was negatively associated with MVPA (p≤0.05). Women without bone fractures spent less time in SB and more in LPA and MVPA than the subgroup with bone fractures. CONCLUSION We identified that the positive effect of MVPA relative to the other behaviors on bone mass is the strongest overall effect in men. Furthermore, women might decrease bone fracture risk through PA increase and SB reduction, despite the fact that no clear benefits of PA for bone mass were found.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asier Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - José Losa-Reyna
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- Geriatric Department, Virgen del Valle Hospital, Toledo, Spain
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
- Geriatric Department, University Hospital of Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - Sebastien F. M. Chastin
- Glasgow Caledonian University, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Ghent University, Department Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Luis M. Alegre
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Francisco J. García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
- Geriatric Department, Virgen del Valle Hospital, Toledo, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
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Alcazar J, Losa-Reyna J, Rodriguez-Lopez C, Alfaro-Acha A, Rodriguez-Mañas L, Ara I, García-García FJ, Alegre LM. The sit-to-stand muscle power test: An easy, inexpensive and portable procedure to assess muscle power in older people. Exp Gerontol 2018; 112:38-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Alcazar J, Rodriguez-Lopez C, Ara I, Alfaro-Acha A, Rodríguez-Gómez I, Navarro-Cruz R, Losa-Reyna J, García-García FJ, Alegre LM. Force-velocity profiling in older adults: An adequate tool for the management of functional trajectories with aging. Exp Gerontol 2018; 108:1-6. [PMID: 29567100 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The actual mechanisms leading to a reduced muscle power and functional ability in older adults are poorly understood. We investigated the association between different force-velocity (F-V) profiles and impaired muscle power, physical and cognitive function, frailty, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older people. METHODS Physical function (habitual gait speed, timed up-and-go test, sit-to-stand and stair-climbing ability), cognitive function, HRQoL and frailty were evaluated in 31 older subjects (70-85 years). The F-V relationship and maximal muscle power (Pmax) were assessed in the leg press exercise. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) and fat index, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time were obtained from DXA scans and accelerometry, respectively. RESULTS While some subjects showed a force deficit (FDEF), others presented a velocity deficit (VDEF), both leading to an impaired muscle power [Effect size (ES) = 1.30-1.44], and to a likely-very likely moderate harmful effect in their physical and cognitive function, HRQoL and frailty levels (except the VDEF group for cognitive function) [ES = 0.76-1.05]. Leg muscle mass and specific force were similarly associated with force at Pmax, while MVPA but not sedentary time was related to fat index, force at Pmax, and power values (all p < 0.05). A trend was found for the negative association between fat index and relative Pmax (p = 0.075). CONCLUSION Older subjects exhibited different mechanisms (force vs. velocity deficits) leading to impaired muscle power. Both deficits were associated with a lower physical function and quality of life, and a higher frailty, whereas only a force deficit was associated with a lower cognitive function. Interventions aimed at reversing age- and/or disuse-related impairments of muscle power might evaluate the specific responsible mechanism and act accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Alcazar
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Lopez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Alfaro-Acha
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Irene Rodríguez-Gómez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Navarro-Cruz
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Losa-Reyna
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Luis M Alegre
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
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Mañas A, Del Pozo-Cruz B, Guadalupe-Grau A, Marín-Puyalto J, Alfaro-Acha A, Rodríguez-Mañas L, García-García FJ, Ara I. Reallocating Accelerometer-Assessed Sedentary Time to Light or Moderate- to Vigorous-Intensity Physical Activity Reduces Frailty Levels in Older Adults: An Isotemporal Substitution Approach in the TSHA Study. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017; 19:185.e1-185.e6. [PMID: 29269096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effects of replacing sedentary time with light or moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity on frailty are not well known. AIM To examine the mutually independent associations of sedentary time (ST), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) with frailty status in older adults. METHODS A total of 628 people aged ≥65 years from the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging (TSHA) participated in this cross-sectional study. Frailty was measured using the Frailty Trait Scale. Hip-worn accelerometers were used to capture objective measurements of ST, LPA, and MVPA. Linear regression and isotemporal substitution analyses were used to examine associations of ST, LPA, and MVPA with frailty status. Analyses were also stratified by comorbidity. RESULTS In single and partition models, LPA and MVPA were negatively associated with frailty. Time in sedentary behavior was not associated with frailty in these models. In the isotemporal substitution models, replacing 30 minutes/d of ST with MVPA was associated with a decrease in frailty [β -2.460; 95% confidence interval (CI): -3.782, -1.139]. In contrast, replacing ST with LPA was not associated with favorable effects on this outcome. However, when the models were stratified by comorbidity, replacing ST with MVPA had the greatest effect on frailty in both the comorbidity (β -2.556; 95% CI: -4.451, -0.661) and the no comorbidity group (β -2.535; 95% CI: -4.343, -0.726). Moreover, the favorable effects of LPA in people with comorbidities was found when replacing 30 minutes/d of ST with LPA (β -0.568; 95% CI: -1.050, -0.086). CONCLUSIONS Substituting ST with MVPA is associated with theoretical positive effects on frailty. People with comorbidity may also benefit from replacing ST with LPA, which may have important clinical implications in order to decrease the levels of physical frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asier Mañas
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Del Pozo-Cruz
- Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain; ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Marín-Puyalto
- GENUD Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Aragón, Spain
| | - Ana Alfaro-Acha
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain; Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain; Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain; Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain.
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del Pozo-Cruz B, Mañas A, Martín-García M, Marín-Puyalto J, García-García FJ, Rodriguez-Mañas L, Guadalupe-Grau A, Ara I. Frailty is associated with objectively assessed sedentary behaviour patterns in older adults: Evidence from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging (TSHA). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183911. [PMID: 28892505 PMCID: PMC5593182 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the association of sedentary behaviour patterns with frailty in older people. SETTING Clinical setting. DESIGN Cross-sectional, observational study. PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS A triaxial accelerometer was used in a subsample from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging (519 participants, 67-97 years) to assess several sedentary behaviour patterns including sedentary time per day, the number and duration (min) of breaks in sedentary time per day, and the proportion of the day spent in sedentary bouts of 10 minutes or more. Frailty was assessed using the Frailty Trait Scale (FTS). Regression analysis was used to ascertain the associations between sedentary behaviour patterns and frailty. RESULTS Sedentary time per day and the proportion of the day spent in sedentary bouts of 10 minutes or more, were positively associated with frailty in the study sample. Conversely, the time spent in breaks in sedentary time was negatively associated with frailty. CONCLUSION In summary, breaking up sedentary time and time spent in sedentary behaviour are associated with frailty in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja del Pozo-Cruz
- Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Asier Mañas
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Martín-García
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Marín-Puyalto
- GENUD Research Group, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Francisco J. García-García
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
- Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
| | - Leocadio Rodriguez-Mañas
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
- Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
- Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Toledo, Spain
- ImFINE Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
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Torres-Lagares D, Castellanos-Cosano L, Serrera-Figallo MÁ, García-García FJ, López-Santos C, Barranco A, Rodríguez-Gonzalez Elipe A, Rivera-Jiménez C, Gutiérrez-Pérez JL. In Vitro and in Vivo Study of Poly(Lactic⁻co⁻Glycolic) (PLGA) Membranes Treated with Oxygen Plasma and Coated with Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite Ultrathin Films for Guided Bone Regeneration Processes. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9090410. [PMID: 30965714 PMCID: PMC6418600 DOI: 10.3390/polym9090410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The novelty of this study is the addition of an ultrathin layer of nanostructured hydroxyapatite (HA) on oxygen plasma modified poly(lactic–co–glycolic) (PLGA) membranes (PO2) in order to evaluate the efficiency of this novel material in bone regeneration. Methods: Two groups of regenerative membranes were prepared: PLGA (control) and PLGA/PO2/HA (experimental). These membranes were subjected to cell cultures and then used to cover bone defects prepared on the skulls of eight experimental rabbits. Results: Cell morphology and adhesion of the osteoblasts to the membranes showed that the osteoblasts bound to PLGA were smaller and with a lower number of adhered cells than the osteoblasts bound to the PLGA/PO2/HA membrane (p < 0.05). The PLGA/PO2/HA membrane had a higher percentage of viable cells bound than the control membrane (p < 0.05). Both micro-CT and histological evaluation confirmed that PLGA/PO2/HA membranes enhance bone regeneration. A statistically significant difference in the percentage of osteoid area in relation to the total area between both groups was found. Conclusions: The incorporation of nanometric layers of nanostructured HA into PLGA membranes modified with PO2 might be considered for the regeneration of bone defects. PLGA/PO2/HA membranes promote higher osteosynthetic activity, new bone formation, and mineralisation than the PLGA control group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Francisco J García-García
- Institute of Materials Science of Seville (CSIC-University of Seville), Américo Vespucio Street n 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Carmen López-Santos
- Institute of Materials Science of Seville (CSIC-University of Seville), Américo Vespucio Street n 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Angel Barranco
- Institute of Materials Science of Seville (CSIC-University of Seville), Américo Vespucio Street n 49, 41092 Seville, Spain.
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Alonso Bouzón C, Carnicero JA, Turín JG, García-García FJ, Esteban A, Rodríguez-Mañas L. The Standardization of Frailty Phenotype Criteria Improves Its Predictive Ability: The Toledo Study for Healthy Aging. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017; 18:402-408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Rosado-Artalejo C, Carnicero JA, Losa-Reyna J, Castillo C, Cobos-Antoranz B, Alfaro-Acha A, Rodríguez-Mañas L, García-García FJ. Global Performance of Executive Function Is Predictor of Risk of Frailty and Disability in Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2017; 21:980-987. [PMID: 29083438 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0895-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The executive function is a complex set of skills affected during the aging process and translate into subclinical cerebrovascular disease. Postural instability or motor slowness are some clinical manifestations, being consubstantial with the frailty phenotype, genuine expression of aging. Executive dysfunction is also considered a predictor of adverse health events in the elderly. AIM To study whether the executive dysfunction can be used as an early marker for frailty and the viability of use as a predictor of mortality, hospitalization and/or disability in a Mediterranean population. DESIGN A population-based cohort study using data from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging (TSHA). METHODS 1690 Spanish elders aged ≥65 years underwent a neuropsychological evaluation in order to measure executive function. To assess whether the accumulation of dysfunctions (in severity and amplitude) could increase the predictive value of adverse health events in relation to each dimension separately an executive dysfunction cumulative index was constructed. Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine mortality and hospitalization over 5.02 and 3.1 years of follow-up, respectively. RESULTS Executive dysfunction is a powerful predictor of mortality, frailty and disability. Cumulative differences in executive function are associated with high risk of frailty and disability, thus, for each one point increment in the executive function index, the risk of death increased by 7 %, frailty by 13% and disability by 11% (P<0.05). Moreover, the executive impairment exhibits a strong positive tendency with age, comorbidity and mortality. CONCLUSIONS Cumulative differences in four executive dimensions widely used in clinical practice improves the ability to predict frailty and disability compared to each dimension separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rosado-Artalejo
- Francisco José García-García. MD, Geriatric Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Ctra de Cobisas/n, 45071 Toledo, Spain. Phone: 0034925269300. Ext 26107, Fax: 0034925269355, e-mail: ,
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Parra-Barranco J, García-García FJ, Rico V, Borrás A, López-Santos C, Frutos F, Barranco A, González-Elipe AR. Anisotropic In-Plane Conductivity and Dichroic Gold Plasmon Resonance in Plasma-Assisted ITO Thin Films e-Beam-Evaporated at Oblique Angles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:10993-11001. [PMID: 25938593 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b02197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ITO thin films have been prepared by electron beam evaporation at oblique angles (OA), directly and while assisting their growth with a downstream plasma. The films microstructure, characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and glancing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering, consisted of tilted and separated nanostructures. In the plasma assisted films, the tilting angle decreased and the nanocolumns became associated in the form of bundles along the direction perpendicular to the flux of evaporated material. The annealed films presented different in-depth and sheet resistivity as confirmed by scanning conductivity measurements taken for the individual nanocolumns. In addition, for the plasma-assisted thin films, two different sheet resistance values were determined by measuring along the nanocolumn bundles or the perpendicular to it. This in-plane anisotropy induces the electrochemical deposition of elongated gold nanostructures. The obtained Au-ITO composite thin films were characterized by anisotropic plasmon resonance absorption and a dichroic behavior when examined with linearly polarized light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julián Parra-Barranco
- †Nanotechnology on Surfaces Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Sevilla. c/Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- †Nanotechnology on Surfaces Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Sevilla. c/Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Víctor Rico
- †Nanotechnology on Surfaces Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Sevilla. c/Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Ana Borrás
- †Nanotechnology on Surfaces Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Sevilla. c/Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Carmen López-Santos
- †Nanotechnology on Surfaces Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Sevilla. c/Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | | | - Angel Barranco
- †Nanotechnology on Surfaces Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Sevilla. c/Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Agustín R González-Elipe
- †Nanotechnology on Surfaces Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-Universidad de Sevilla. c/Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
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Lourenço RA, Pérez-Zepeda M, Gutiérrez-Robledo L, García-García FJ, Rodríguez Mañas L. Performance of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People algorithm in screening older adults for muscle mass assessment. Age Ageing 2015; 44:334-8. [PMID: 25539836 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afu192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a lack of consensus on the diagnosis of sarcopenia. A screening and diagnostic algorithm was proposed by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP). OBJECTIVE To assess the performance of the EWGSOP algorithm in determining the proportion of subjects suspected of having sarcopenia and selected to undergo subsequent muscle mass (MM) measurement. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING The cohorts, Frailty in Brazilian Older People Study-Rio de Janeiro (FIBRA-RJ), Brazil; Coyoacan Cohort (CC), Mexico City, Mexico; and Toledo Study for Healthy Aging (TSHA), Toledo, Spain. SUBJECTS Three thousand two hundred and sixty community-dwelling individuals, 65 years and older. METHODS Initially, the EWGSOP algorithm was applied using its originally proposed cut-off values for gait speed and handgrip strength; in the second step, values tailored for the specific cohorts were used. RESULTS Using the originally suggested EWGSOP cut-off points, 83.4% of the total cohort (94.4% in TSHA, 75.5% in FIBRA-RJ, 67.8% in CC) would have been considered as suspected of sarcopenia. Adapted cut-off values lowered the proportion of abnormal results to 34.2% (quintile-based approach) and 23.71% (z-score approach). CONCLUSIONS The algorithm proposed by the EWGSOP is of limited clinical utility in screening older adults for sarcopenia due to the high proportion of subjects selected to further undergo MM assessment. Tailoring cut-off values to specific characteristics of the population being studied reduces the number of people selected for MM assessment, probably improving the performance of the algorithm. Further research including the objective measure of MM is needed to determine the accuracy of these specific cut-off points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Alves Lourenço
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mario Pérez-Zepeda
- Geriatric Epidemiologic Research, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría, Periferico Sur 2767, Colonia San Jeronimo Lidice, Delegacion Magdalena Contreras, Mexico, Distrito Federal 10200, Mexico
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Inglés M, Gambini J, Carnicero JA, García-García FJ, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Olaso-González G, Dromant M, Borrás C, Viña J. Oxidative Stress Is Related to Frailty, Not to Age or Sex, in a Geriatric Population: Lipid and Protein Oxidation as Biomarkers of Frailty. J Am Geriatr Soc 2014; 62:1324-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jgs.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Inglés
- Department of Physiotherapy; Faculty of Physiotherapy; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
| | - Juan Gambini
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
- Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA; Valencia Spain
| | - Jose A. Carnicero
- Division of Geriatric Medicine; Hospital Virgen del Valle; Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo; Toledo Spain
| | - Francisco J. García-García
- Division of Geriatric Medicine; Hospital Virgen del Valle; Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo; Toledo Spain
| | | | - Gloria Olaso-González
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
- Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA; Valencia Spain
| | - Mar Dromant
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
- Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA; Valencia Spain
| | - Consuelo Borrás
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
- Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA; Valencia Spain
| | - Jose Viña
- Department of Physiology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
- Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA; Valencia Spain
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Alonso-Bouzón C, Carcaillon L, García-García FJ, Amor-Andrés MS, El Assar M, Rodríguez-Mañas L. Association between endothelial dysfunction and frailty: the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging. Age (Dordr) 2014; 36:495-505. [PMID: 23959520 PMCID: PMC3889911 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-013-9576-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), both clinical and subclinical, has been proposed as one of the mechanisms underlying frailty. However, there is no evidence addressing the relationship between the earliest stage of CVD (endothelial dysfunction) and frailty. The goal of the study was to analyze the association between endothelial dysfunction, evaluated by asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels, and frailty. We used data from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging, a prospective Spanish cohort study. Biological samples were obtained and ADMA levels were determined using an enzyme immunoassay method. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals of frailty associated with ADMA. Adjustments were made for age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors, and presence of atherosclerotic disease (assessed by ankle–brachial index; ABI). One thousand two hundred eighty-seven community-dwelling elderly were included. One hundred seven (8.3 %) were identified as frail, 542 (42.1 %) as pre-frail, and 638 (49.6 %) as non-frail. ADMAvalues were higher in frail subjects than in non-frail ones. In addition, an interaction between the presence of atherosclerotic disease and ADMA on the odds of frailty (p=0.045) was detected. After adjustments for age, classical cardiovascular risk factors, and ABI, the risk of frailty was associated with increasing levels of ADMA in subjects without atherosclerotic disease [OR for 1 standard deviation increase in ADMA=1.14 (1.01–1.28), p=0.032] but not in those with atherosclerotic disease. In our study, endothelial dysfunction, assessed by ADMA levels, is associated with frailty. These findings provide additional support for a relevant role of vascular system since its earliest stage in frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Alonso-Bouzón
- />Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, Km, 12.500, 28905 Getafe, Madrid Spain
| | - Laure Carcaillon
- />Inserm, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, U1018, Hormones and Cardiovascular Disease Team, 94807 Villejuif, France
| | | | - María S. Amor-Andrés
- />Geriatric Department, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Mariam El Assar
- />Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Madrid, Spain
| | - Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
- />Geriatric Department, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Carretera de Toledo, Km, 12.500, 28905 Getafe, Madrid Spain
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Carcaillon L, García-García FJ, Tresguerres JAF, Gutiérrez Avila G, Kireev R, Rodríguez-Mañas L. Higher levels of endogenous estradiol are associated with frailty in postmenopausal women from the toledo study for healthy aging. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97:2898-906. [PMID: 22679065 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2012-1271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse effects of higher endogenous estradiol (E2) levels on various clinical outcomes and on determinants of the frailty syndrome have recently been reported. However, there are no data about the potential relationship between E2 and frailty. We aimed to study the association between E2 levels and frailty among older postmenopausal women not taking hormonal therapy. METHODS We used data from the Toledo Study for Healthy Aging, a Spanish population-based cohort study. Frailty was defined according to Fried's approach. Multivariate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) associated with E2 levels were estimated using polytomous logistic regression. RESULTS E2 levels decreased significantly with age and educational level, whereas they increased with body mass index, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and impairment in Katz activities of daily living. Higher E2 levels were associated with the prevalence of frailty among women younger than 79 yr, but not in the oldest group (p interaction = 0.047). After adjustment, OR of frailty associated with a 1 sd increase of E2 was 1.51 (95% CI, 1.04-2.20; P = 0.03). We identified an interaction between E2 and hs-CRP on the prevalence of frailty (P value = 0.042). Women with both higher E2 and hs-CRP (defined as values into the upper tertile) had an age-adjusted OR of 4.2 (95% CI, 1.7-10.5; P = 0.002), compared with women with low levels of both E2 and hs-CRP. CONCLUSION Higher E2 levels were associated with frailty in postmenopausal women. The synergism between higher E2 and hs-CRP levels suggests the existence of physiopathological mechanisms connecting inflammation and estrogen to frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Carcaillon
- Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, 28905 Madrid, Spain
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García-García FJ, Alfaro Acha A. [Frailty: from the epidemiology to the clinic]. Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol 2010; 45:250-251. [PMID: 20692733 DOI: 10.1016/j.regg.2010.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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