1
|
Tian L, Andrews C, Yan Q, Yang JJ. Molecular regulation of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR)-mediated signaling. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2024; 10:167-194. [PMID: 39027195 PMCID: PMC11252437 DOI: 10.1002/cdt3.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), a family C G-protein-coupled receptor, plays a crucial role in regulating calcium homeostasis by sensing small concentration changes of extracellular Ca2+, Mg2+, amino acids (e.g., L-Trp and L-Phe), small peptides, anions (e.g., HCO3 - and PO4 3-), and pH. CaSR-mediated intracellular Ca2+ signaling regulates a diverse set of cellular processes including gene transcription, cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, muscle contraction, and neuronal transmission. Dysfunction of CaSR with mutations results in diseases such as autosomal dominant hypocalcemia, familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, and neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism. CaSR also influences calciotropic disorders, such as osteoporosis, and noncalciotropic disorders, such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease, and pulmonary arterial hypertension. This study first reviews recent advances in biochemical and structural determination of the framework of CaSR and its interaction sites with natural ligands, as well as exogenous positive allosteric modulators and negative allosteric modulators. The establishment of the first CaSR protein-protein interactome network revealed 94 novel players involved in protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, trafficking, cell surface expression, endocytosis, degradation, and signaling pathways. The roles of these proteins in Ca2+-dependent cellular physiological processes and in CaSR-dependent cellular signaling provide new insights into the molecular basis of diseases caused by CaSR mutations and dysregulated CaSR activity caused by its protein interactors and facilitate the design of therapeutic agents that target CaSR and other family C G-protein-coupled receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Advanced Translational Imaging FacilityGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Corey Andrews
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Advanced Translational Imaging FacilityGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Qiuyun Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Advanced Translational Imaging FacilityGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| | - Jenny J. Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Advanced Translational Imaging FacilityGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang C, Zhang X, Yang X, Lian F, Sun Z, Huang Y, Shen W. Function and regulation of RGS family members in solid tumours: a comprehensive review. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:316. [PMID: 37924113 PMCID: PMC10623796 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01334-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a key role in regulating the homeostasis of the internal environment and are closely associated with tumour progression as major mediators of cellular signalling. As a diverse and multifunctional group of proteins, the G protein signalling regulator (RGS) family was proven to be involved in the cellular transduction of GPCRs. Growing evidence has revealed dysregulation of RGS proteins as a common phenomenon and highlighted the key roles of these proteins in human cancers. Furthermore, their differential expression may be a potential biomarker for tumour diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Most importantly, there are few systematic reviews on the functional/mechanistic characteristics and clinical application of RGS family members at present. In this review, we focus on the G-protein signalling regulator (RGS) family, which includes more than 20 family members. We analysed the classification, basic structure, and major functions of the RGS family members. Moreover, we summarize the expression changes of each RGS family member in various human cancers and their important roles in regulating cancer cell proliferation, stem cell maintenance, tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. On this basis, we outline the molecular signalling pathways in which some RGS family members are involved in tumour progression. Finally, their potential application in the precise diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of different types of cancers and the main possible problems for clinical application at present are discussed. Our review provides a comprehensive understanding of the role and potential mechanisms of RGS in regulating tumour progression. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Xiaowen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Fuming Lian
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Zongrun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Yongming Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China.
| | - Wenzhi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Parekh VI, Brinster LR, Guan B, Simonds WF, Weinstein LS, Agarwal SK. A Knock-In Mouse Model of the Gcm2 Variant p.Y392S Develops Normal Parathyroid Glands. J Endocr Soc 2023; 7:bvad126. [PMID: 37885910 PMCID: PMC10599131 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvad126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Context The glial cells missing 2 (GCM2) gene functions as a transcription factor that is essential for parathyroid gland development, and variants in this gene have been associated with 2 parathyroid diseases: isolated hypoparathyroidism in patients with homozygous germline inactivating variants and primary hyperparathyroidism in patients with heterozygous germline activating variants. A recurrent germline activating missense variant of GCM2, p.Y394S, has been reported in patients with familial primary hyperparathyroidism. Objective To determine whether the GCM2 p.Y394S missense variant causes overactive and enlarged parathyroid glands in a mouse model. Methods CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology was used to generate a mouse model with the germline heterozygous Gcm2 variant p.Y392S that corresponds to the human GCM2 p.Y394S variant. Wild-type (Gcm2+/+) and germline heterozygous (Gcm2+/Y392S) mice were evaluated for serum biochemistry and parathyroid gland morphology. Results Gcm2 +/Y392S mice did not show any change compared to Gcm2+/+ mice in serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels, parathyroid gland histology, cell proliferation, or parathyroid gland size. Conclusion The mouse model of the p.Y392S variant of Gcm2 shows that this variant is tolerated in mice, as it does not increase parathyroid gland cell proliferation and circulating calcium or PTH levels. Further investigation of Gcm2+/Y392S mice to study the effect of this variant of Gcm2 on early events in parathyroid gland development will be of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali I Parekh
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lauren R Brinster
- Office of Research Services, Division of Veterinary Resources, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bin Guan
- Opthalmic Genomics Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William F Simonds
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lee S Weinstein
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sunita K Agarwal
- Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li X, Lu Y, Zhang L, Song A, Zhang H, Pang B, Liu J, Sun X, Ji H, Huang L, Yang M. Primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism present different expressions of calcium-sensing receptor. BMC Surg 2023; 23:31. [PMID: 36755240 PMCID: PMC9906946 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-023-01928-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Decreased calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) has been observed in hyperparathyroidism (HPT) without a known mechanism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of CaSR in primary (PHPT) and secondary (SHPT) subtypes. METHODS Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay were used to measure the differences in expression of CaSR protein and gene in PHPT and SHPT human samples, compared to matched controls. RESULTS CaSR protein was differentially downregulated in SHPT and PHPT compared to normal parathyroid tissues (2.42 ± 0.5 vs. 3.2 ± 0.62, P < 0.05; 1.8 ± 0.83 vs. 3.2 ± 0.62, P < 0.05, respectively). Furthermore, SHPT tissues exhibited significantly higher levels of CaSR mRNA (0.29 ± 0.23 vs. 0.01 ± 0.12, P < 0.05) and protein (2.42 ± 0.5 vs. 1.8 ± 0.83, P < 0.05) than those in PHPT tissue samples. CONCLUSION Depressed CaSR expression was a critical pathological hallmark of HPT. We found a differential decline of CaSR, in terms of both mRNA and protein levels, in PHPT and SHPT human samples. We think that CaSR dysregulation occurred at the very beginning of disease onset in PHPT, while a similar pathological scenario appeared at the later stage of SHPT. Future studies should be directed to dissect the mechanistic involvement of CaSR in PHPT and SHPT in order to bring treatment precisions in HPT management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Yao Lu
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Ling Zhang
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Center of Nephrology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Aiping Song
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Honglei Zhang
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Bo Pang
- grid.508381.70000 0004 0647 272XState Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC 155, Changbai Road, Changping, Beijing, 102206 China
| | - Jun Liu
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Xiaoliang Sun
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Haoyang Ji
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Linping Huang
- grid.415954.80000 0004 1771 3349Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029 China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li X, Lu Y, Zhang L, Song A, Zhang H, Pang B, Liu J, Sun X, Ji H, Huang L, Yang M. Implications of regulator of G-protein signaling 5 expression in the pathogenesis of primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:156. [PMID: 35681135 PMCID: PMC9185949 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01066-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the protein and mRNA expressions of regulator of G-protein signaling 5 (RGS5) in the pathogenesis of hyperparathyroidism. METHODS The expression of RGS5 protein in 20 primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), 31 secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT), and 20 control cases were studied by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The expression of RGS5 mRNA in 15 PHPT, 102 SHPT, and 7 normal parathyroid tissue were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) method. RESULTS The expressions of RGS5 in PHPT tissues were significantly higher than that in SHPT and normal parathyroid tissues (P < 0.05). While the differences in RGS5 protein expressions between SHPT and respective control samples were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Likewise, the RGS5 mRNA expression in PHPT was significantly higher than that in SHPT (P < 0.05) and normal parathyroid (P < 0.05) samples. In a similar line, the differences in RGS5 gene expressions between SHPT and control tissues were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The characteristic RGS5 protein and mRNA levels in hyperparathyroidism might be helpful in discovering the pathomechanism of hyperparathyroidism and novel therapeutic targets as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Center of Nephrology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Aiping Song
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Honglei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, CDC 155, Changbai Road, Beijing, 102206, Changping, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoliang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Haoyang Ji
- Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Linping Huang
- Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 100029, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yuan G, Yang S. Effect of Regulator of G Protein Signaling Proteins on Bone. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:842421. [PMID: 35573989 PMCID: PMC9098968 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.842421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins are critical negative molecules of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling, which mediates a variety of biological processes in bone homeostasis and diseases. The RGS proteins are divided into nine subfamilies with a conserved RGS domain which plays an important role in regulating the GTPase activity. Mutations of some RGS proteins change bone development and/or metabolism, causing osteopathy. In this review, we summarize the recent findings of RGS proteins in regulating osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and osteoclasts. We also highlight the impacts of RGS on bone development, bone remodeling, and bone-related diseases. Those studies demonstrate that RGS proteins might be potential drug targets for bone diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gongsheng Yuan
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Shuying Yang
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- The Penn Center for Musculoskeletal Disorders, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Innovation and Precision Dentistry, Penn Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Shuying Yang,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu A, Liu Y, Su KJ, Greenbaum J, Bai Y, Tian Q, Zhao LJ, Deng HW, Shen H. A transcriptome-wide association study to detect novel genes for volumetric bone mineral density. Bone 2021; 153:116106. [PMID: 34252604 PMCID: PMC8478845 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) systematically investigate the association of genetically predicted gene expression with disease risk, providing an effective approach to identify novel susceptibility genes. Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease, associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of osteoporotic fractures, whereas genetic factors explain approximately 70% of the variance in phenotypes associated with bone. BMD is commonly assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to obtain measurements (g/cm2) of areal BMD. However, quantitative computed tomography (QCT) measured 3D volumetric BMD (vBMD) (g/cm3) has important advantages compared with DXA since it can evaluate cortical and trabecular microstructural features of bone quality, which can be used to directly predict fracture risk. Here, we performed the first TWAS for volumetric BMD (vBMD) by integrating genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data from two independent cohorts, namely the Framingham Heart Study (FHS, n = 3298) and the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS, n = 4641), with tissue-specific gene expression data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. We first used stratified linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression approach to identify 12 vBMD-relevant tissues, for which vBMD heritability is enriched in tissue-specific genes of the given tissue. Focusing on these tissues, we subsequently leveraged GTEx expression reference panels to predict tissue-specific gene expression levels based on the genotype data from FHS and MrOS. The associations between predicted gene expression levels and vBMD variation were then tested by MultiXcan, an innovative TWAS method that integrates information available across multiple tissues. We identified 70 significant genes associated with vBMD, including some previously identified osteoporosis-related genes such as LYRM2 and NME8, as well as some novel loci such as DNAAF2 and SPAG16. Our findings provide novel insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of osteoporosis and highlight several novel vBMD-associated genes that warrant further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Liu
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Yong Liu
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Kuan-Jui Su
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Jonathan Greenbaum
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Yuntong Bai
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Qing Tian
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Lan-Juan Zhao
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA; Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Hui Shen
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Koh J, Zhang R, Roman S, Duh QY, Gosnell J, Shen W, Suh I, Sosa JA. Ex Vivo Intact Tissue Analysis Reveals Alternative Calcium-sensing Behaviors in Parathyroid Adenomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:3168-3183. [PMID: 34272844 PMCID: PMC8530711 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The biochemical basis for clinical variability in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to define parathyroid tumor biochemical properties associated with calcium-sensing failure in PHPT patients, and to relate differences in these profiles to variations in clinical presentation. METHODS Preoperative clinical data from a sequential series of 39 patients undergoing surgery for PHPT at an endocrine surgery referral center in a large, public university hospital were evaluated for correlation to parathyroid tumor biochemical behavior. An intact tissue, ex vivo interrogative assay was employed to evaluate the calcium-sensing capacity of parathyroid adenomas relative to normal donor glands. Tumors were functionally classified based on calcium dose-response curve profiles, and clinical parameters were compared among the respective classes. Changes in the relative expression of 3 key components in the calcium/parathyroid hormone (PTH) signaling axis-CASR, RGS5, and RCAN1-were evaluated as potential mechanisms for calcium-sensing failure. RESULTS Parathyroid adenomas grouped into 3 distinct functional classes. Tumors with diminished calcium sensitivity were the most common (18 of 39) and were strongly associated with reduced bone mineral density (P = 0.0009). Tumors with no calcium-sensing deficit (11 of 39) were associated with higher preoperative PTH (P = 0.036). A third group (6/39) displayed a nonsigmoid calcium/PTH response curve; 4 of these 6 tumors expressed elevated RCAN1. CONCLUSION Calcium-sensing capacity varies among parathyroid tumors but downregulation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CASR) is not an obligate underlying mechanism. Differences in tumor calcium responsiveness may contribute to variations in PHPT clinical presentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Koh
- Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California
at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco,
San Francisco, CA, USA
- Correspondence: James Koh, Department of Surgery, UCSF, 513 Parnassus
Avenue, Box 0456, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Run Zhang
- Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California
at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sanziana Roman
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco,
San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Quan-Yang Duh
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco,
San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jessica Gosnell
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco,
San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wen Shen
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco,
San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Insoo Suh
- Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York,
NY, USA
| | - Julie A Sosa
- Endocrine Neoplasia Laboratory, Department of Surgery, University of California
at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California at San Francisco,
San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|