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Gherman LM, Chiroi P, Nuţu A, Bica C, Berindan-Neagoe I. Profiling canine mammary tumors: A potential model for studying human breast cancer. Vet J 2024; 303:106055. [PMID: 38097103 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2023.106055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite all clinical progress recorded in the last decades, human breast cancer (HBC) remains a major challenge worldwide both in terms of its incidence and its management. Canine mammary tumors (CMTs) share similarities with HBC and represent an alternative model for HBC. The utility of the canine model in studying HBC relies on their common features, include spontaneous development, subtype classification, mutational profile, alterations in gene expression profile, and incidence/prevalence. This review describes the similarities between CMTs and HBC regarding genomic landscape, microRNA expression alteration, methylation, and metabolomic changes occurring during mammary gland carcinogenesis. The primary purpose of this review is to highlight the advantages of using the canine model as a translational animal model for HBC research and to investigate the challenges and limitations of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana-Madalina Gherman
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Experimental Center of Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Paul Chiroi
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Nuţu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cecilia Bica
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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2
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Varvil MS, dos Santos AP. A review on microRNA detection and expression studies in dogs. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1261085. [PMID: 37869503 PMCID: PMC10585042 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1261085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that function by post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Their stability and abundance in tissue and body fluids makes them promising potential tools for both the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases and attractive therapeutic targets in humans and dogs. Studies of miRNA expression in normal and disease processes in dogs are scarce compared to studies published on miRNA expression in human disease. In this literature review, we identified 461 peer-reviewed papers from database searches using the terms "canine," "dog," "miRNA," and "microRNA"; we screened 244 for inclusion criteria and then included a total of 148 original research peer-reviewed publications relating to specific miRNA expression in canine samples. We found an overlap of miRNA expression changes between the four groups evaluated (normal processes, non-infectious and non-inflammatory conditions, infectious and/or inflammatory conditions, and neoplasia) in 39 miRNAs, 83 miRNAs in three of the four groups, 110 miRNAs in two of the three groups, where 158 miRNAs have only been reported in one of the groups. Additionally, the mechanism of action of these overlapping miRNAs varies depending on the disease process, elucidating a need for characterization of the mechanism of action of each miRNA in each disease process being evaluated. Herein we also draw attention to the lack of standardization of miRNA evaluation, consistency within a single evaluation method, and the need for standardized methods for a direct comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara S. Varvil
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Andrea Pires dos Santos
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
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3
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Chakrabortty A, Patton DJ, Smith BF, Agarwal P. miRNAs: Potential as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1375. [PMID: 37510280 PMCID: PMC10378777 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by binding to messenger RNAs. miRNAs are important regulators of gene expression, and their dysregulation is implicated in many human and canine diseases. Most cancers tested to date have been shown to express altered miRNA levels, which indicates their potential importance in the oncogenic process. Based on this evidence, numerous miRNAs have been suggested as potential cancer biomarkers for both diagnosis and prognosis. miRNA-based therapies have also been tested in different cancers and have provided measurable clinical benefits to patients. In addition, understanding miRNA biogenesis and regulatory mechanisms in cancer can provide important knowledge about resistance to chemotherapies, leading to more personalized cancer treatment. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the importance of miRNA in human and canine cancer research. We discussed the current state of development and potential for the miRNA as both a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atonu Chakrabortty
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Daniel J Patton
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Bruce F Smith
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Payal Agarwal
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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4
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Abbate JM, Giannetto A, Arfuso F, Brunetti B, Lanteri G. RT-qPCR Expression Profiles of Selected Oncogenic and Oncosuppressor miRNAs in Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Canine Mammary Tumors. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12212898. [PMID: 36359024 PMCID: PMC9654908 DOI: 10.3390/ani12212898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can act as oncogenes or oncosuppressor genes, and their involvement in nearly all cancer-associated processes makes these small molecules promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cancer, as well as specific targets for cancer therapy. This study aimed to investigate the expression of 7 miRNAs (miR-18a, miR-18b, miR-22, miR-124, miR-145, miR-21, miR-146b) in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded canine mammary tumors (CMTs) by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Twenty-six mammary samples were selected, including 22 CMTs (7 benign; 15 malignant) and 4 control samples (3 normal mammary gland and 1 case of lobular hyperplasia). Oncogenic miR-18a, miR-18b and miR-21 were significantly upregulated in malignant tumors compared with control tissues (p < 0.05). Conversely, oncosuppressor miR-146b was significantly downregulated in benign and malignant mammary tumors compared with control samples (p < 0.05) while, no group-related differences in the expression levels of miR-22, miR-124 and miR-145 were found (p > 0.05). Upregulated miRNAs found here, may regulate genes involved in receptor-mediated carcinogenesis and proteoglycan remodeling in cancer; while miRNA with reduced expression can regulate genes involved in Toll-like receptor and MAPK signaling pathways. According to the results obtained in the current study, the oncogenic and oncosuppressor miRNAs analyzed here are dysregulated in CMTs and the dysregulation of miRNA targets may lead to specific altered cellular processes and key pathways involved in carcinogenesis. Of note, since oncogenic miRNAs predicted to regulate neoplastic cell proliferation and hormonal activities, they may play an active role in neoplastic transformation and/or progression, having mechanistic and prognostic relevance in CMTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Maria Abbate
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Giannetto
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario Papardo, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Arfuso
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Barbara Brunetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, via Tolara di Sopra, Ozzano Emilia, 40064 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giovanni Lanteri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario Papardo, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Ren X, Fan Y, Shi D, Xu E, Liu Y. MicroRNA-124 inhibits canine mammary carcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting CDH2. Res Vet Sci 2022; 146:5-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Petroušková P, Hudáková N, Maloveská M, Humeník F, Cizkova D. Non-Exosomal and Exosome-Derived miRNAs as Promising Biomarkers in Canine Mammary Cancer. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040524. [PMID: 35455015 PMCID: PMC9032658 DOI: 10.3390/life12040524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine mammary cancer (CMC), similar to human breast cancer (HBC) in many aspects, is the most common neoplasm associated with significant mortality in female dogs. Due to the limited therapy options, biomarkers are highly desirable for early clinical diagnosis or cancer progression monitoring. Since the discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) as post-transcriptional gene regulators, they have become attractive biomarkers in oncological research. Except for intracellular miRNAs and cell-free miRNAs, exosome-derived miRNAs (exomiRs) have drawn much attention in recent years as biomarkers for cancer detection. Analysis of exosomes represents a non-invasive, pain-free, time- and money-saving alternative to conventional tissue biopsy. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary of miRNAs that come from non-exosomal sources (canine mammary tumor, mammary tumor cell lines or canine blood serum) and from exosomes as promising biomarkers of CMC based on the current literature. As is discussed, some of the miRNAs postulated as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers in CMC were also altered in HBC (such as miR-21, miR-29b, miR-141, miR-429, miR-200c, miR-497, miR-210, miR-96, miR-18a, miR19b, miR-20b, miR-93, miR-101, miR-105a, miR-130a, miR-200c, miR-340, miR-486), which may be considered as potential disease-specific biomarkers in both CMC and HBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Petroušková
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (P.P.); (N.H.); (M.M.); (F.H.)
| | - Nikola Hudáková
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (P.P.); (N.H.); (M.M.); (F.H.)
| | - Marcela Maloveská
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (P.P.); (N.H.); (M.M.); (F.H.)
| | - Filip Humeník
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (P.P.); (N.H.); (M.M.); (F.H.)
| | - Dasa Cizkova
- Centre of Experimental and Clinical Regenerative Medicine, The University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (P.P.); (N.H.); (M.M.); (F.H.)
- Institute of Neuroimmunology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, 845 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-918-752-157
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Agarwal P, Crepps MP, Stahr NA, Kretzschmar WP, Harris HC, Prasad N, Levy SE, Smith BF. Identification of canine circulating miRNAs as tumor biospecific markers using Next-Generation Sequencing and Q-RT-PCR. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 28:101106. [PMID: 34458596 PMCID: PMC8379617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Delay in cancer diagnosis often results in metastasis and an inability to successfully treat the tumor. The use of broadly cancer-specific biomarkers at an early stage may improve cancer treatment and staging. This study has explored circulatory exosomal miRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers to identify cancer patients. Secretory exosomal miRNAs were isolated from 13 canine cancer cell lines (lymphoma, mast cell tumor, histiocytic cell line, osteosarcoma, melanoma, and breast tumor) and were sequenced by Next-Generation sequencing (NGS). We have identified 6 miRNAs (cfa-miR-9, -1841, -1306, -345, -132, and -26b) by NGS that were elevated in all cancer cell types. The miRNAs identified by NGS were then examined by Q-RT-PCR. The PCR data demonstrated similar expression patterns to those seen with NGS but provided fold differences that were much lower than those seen for NGS. Cfa-miR-9 was found to be the most consistently elevated miRNA in NGS and PCR, making it the most likely miRNA to prove diagnostic. In this study, we have demonstrated that it is possible to identify exosomal miRNAs with elevated secretion across multiple tumor types that could be used as circulatory diagnostic biomarkers for liquid biopsy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Agarwal
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
| | - Melissa P. Crepps
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
| | - Natalie A. Stahr
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
| | - Will P. Kretzschmar
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
| | - Hannah C. Harris
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
| | - Nripesh Prasad
- HudsonAlpha Discovery Life Science, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Shawn E. Levy
- HudsonAlpha Discovery Life Science, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Bruce F. Smith
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, USA
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8
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CEA, CA 15-3, and miRNA expression as potential biomarkers in canine mammary tumors. Chromosome Res 2021; 29:175-188. [PMID: 33638118 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-021-09652-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The most often detected tumor in intact bitches is mammary tumors and represents a significant clinical problem throughout the world. Mammary neoplasms in canine have heterogeneous morphology, so the choice of the most appropriate biomarker is the biggest challenge in CMT detection. We performed a retrospective analysis and evaluated the canine cancer antigens and miRNA expression profiles as potential biomarkers. Sixty dogs based on histological examination divided into three groups, viz., dogs with a benign mammary tumor, malignant mammary tumor, and control/healthy. The CA 15-3 was found more sensitive than CEA but detection of both will increase sensitivity. miR-21 expression differed significantly in all three groups. miR-29b expression differed significantly between the control and benign group and control and malignant group. The miR-21 overexpression and miR-29b downregulation with CMT are associated with clinical stage and can be used as non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Hence, evaluation of CA 15-3 along with CEA would be a non-invasive technique for detecting canine mammary tumors. Evaluation of deregulated circulating miR-21 could be a valuable prognostic marker for early detection of mammary tumors in canines while miR-29b can add sensitivity in the detection of the canine mammary tumors if evaluated with miR-21.
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Leonardi L, Scotlandi K, Pettinari I, Benassi MS, Porcellato I, Pazzaglia L. MiRNAs in Canine and Human Osteosarcoma: A Highlight Review on Comparative Biomolecular Aspects. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020428. [PMID: 33670554 PMCID: PMC7922516 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary malignant tumor of bone in humans and animals. Comparative oncology is a field of study that examines the cancer risk and tumor progression across the species. The canine model is ideally suited for translational cancer research. The biological and clinical characteristics of human and canine OS are common to hypothesize as that several living and environmental common conditions shared between the two species can influence some etiopathogenetic mechanisms, for which the canine species represents an important model of comparison with the human species. In the canine and human species, osteosarcoma is the tumor of bone with the highest frequency, with a value of about 80–85% (in respect to all other bone tumors), a high degree of invasiveness, and a high rate of metastasis and malignancy. Humans and dogs have many genetic and biomolecular similarities such as alterations in the expression of p53 and in some types of microRNAs that our working group has already described previously in several separate works. In this paper, we report and collect new comparative biomolecular features of osteosarcoma in dogs and humans, which may represent an innovative update on the biomolecular profile of this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Leonardi
- Reparto di Patologia Generale e Anatomia Patologica Veterinaria, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (I.P.); (I.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-075-585-7663
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- Laboratory of experimental Oncology, IRCCS—Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (K.S.); (M.S.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Ilaria Pettinari
- Reparto di Patologia Generale e Anatomia Patologica Veterinaria, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (I.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Maria Serena Benassi
- Laboratory of experimental Oncology, IRCCS—Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (K.S.); (M.S.B.); (L.P.)
| | - Ilaria Porcellato
- Reparto di Patologia Generale e Anatomia Patologica Veterinaria, Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (I.P.); (I.P.)
| | - Laura Pazzaglia
- Laboratory of experimental Oncology, IRCCS—Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (K.S.); (M.S.B.); (L.P.)
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Zhang T, Feng X, Zhou T, Zhou N, Shi X, Zhu X, Qiu J, Deng G, Qiu C. miR-497 induces apoptosis by the IRAK2/NF-κB axis in the canine mammary tumour. Vet Comp Oncol 2020; 19:69-78. [PMID: 32706167 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Since companion dogs have the same living environment as humans, they are a good animal model for the study of human diseases; this is especially true of canine spontaneous mammary tumours models. A better understanding of the natural history and molecular mechanisms of canine mammary tumour is of great significance in comparative medicine. Here, we collected canine mammary tumour cases and then assayed the clinical cases by pathological examination and classification by HE staining and IHC. miRNA-497 family members (miR-497, miR-16, miR-195 and miR-15) were positively correlated with the breast cancer marker genes p63 and PTEN. Modulation of the expression of miR-497 in the canine mammary tumour cell lines CMT1211 and CMT 7364 induced apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation. Mechanistically, IRAK2 was shown to be a functional target of miR-497 that affects the characteristics of cancer cells by inhibiting the activity of the NF-κB pathway. Overall, our work reveals the miR-497/IRAK2/NF-κB axis as a vital mechanism of canine mammary tumour progression and suggests this axis as a target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiujuan Feng
- Nanjing Police Dog Research Institute of the Ministry of the Public Security, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianhong Zhou
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue Shi
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinying Zhu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxia Qiu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ganzhen Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changwei Qiu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Fish EJ, Martinez-Romero EG, DeInnocentes P, Koehler JW, Prasad N, Smith AN, Bird RC. Circulating microRNA as biomarkers of canine mammary carcinoma in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2020; 34:1282-1290. [PMID: 32342546 PMCID: PMC7255679 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Differentiating benign from canine malignant mammary tumors requires invasive surgical biopsy. Circulating microRNAs (miRNA) may represent promising minimally invasive cancer biomarkers in people and animals. Objectives To evaluate the serum mRNA profile between dogs with and without mammary carcinoma, and to determine if any of these markers have prognostic significance. Animals Ten healthy client‐owned female dogs (5 intact, 5 spayed) and 10 dogs with histologically confirmed mammary carcinoma were included; 9 were client‐owned, whereas 1 was a research colony dog. Methods Retrospective study. Serum miRNA was evaluated by RNA deep‐sequencing (RNAseq) and digital droplet PCR (dPCR).Expression of candidate biomarkers miR‐18a, miR‐19b, miR‐29b, miR‐34c, miR‐122, miR‐125a, and miR‐181a was compared with clinical characteristics, including grade, metastasis, and survival. Results 452 unique serum miRNAs were detected by RNAseq. Sixty‐five individual miRNAs were differentially expressed (>±1.5‐fold) and statistically significant between groups. Serum miR‐19b (P = .003) and miR‐125a (P < .001) were significantly higher in the mammary carcinoma group by dPCR. Both had high accuracy based on receiver operator characteristic area under the curve (0.930 for miR‐125a; 0.880 for miR‐19b). Circulating miR‐18a by RNAseq was significantly higher in mammary carcinoma dogs with histologic evidence of lymphatic invasion (P = 0.03). There was no significant association with any miRNA and survival or inflammatory status. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Circulating miRNAs are differentially expressed in dogs with mammary carcinoma. Serum miR‐19b and miR‐18a represent candidate biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Fish
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, AURIC-Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - Esther Gisela Martinez-Romero
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, AURIC-Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - Patricia DeInnocentes
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, AURIC-Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - Jey W Koehler
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, AURIC-Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - Nripesh Prasad
- Genomic Services Laboratory, Hudson Alpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama, United States
| | - Annette N Smith
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
| | - Richard Curt Bird
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, AURIC-Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States
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Bilyi DD, Gerdeva AА, Samoiliuk VV, Suslova NI, Yevtushenko ID. A modern look at the molecular-biological mechanisms of breast tumours in dogs. REGULATORY MECHANISMS IN BIOSYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.15421/022001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High morbidity and increase in the number of registrations of breast tumours in dogs, their wide application as biological models, discussion of numerous questions of oncogenesis, and the lack of a uniform/unified methodological approach to the study of molecular and biological mechanisms of treatment of cancer determine the relevance of the problem of cancer both in humans and in our domestic companions. The analysis of publications allowed us to establish the following patterns of carcinogenesis. The peculiarities of the biological behaviour of breast tumours depend on their pathomorphological structure. Genetic predisposition to breast cancer is characteristic only in the single breed aspect. Environmental factors are of critical relevance to carcinogenesis : chemical pollutants initiate oncogenesis indirectly – by altering the expression of several receptors, impaired endocrine balance and direct mutagenic effects. Reproductive status plays a key role in the initiation and progression of breast tumours by reducing the expression of estrogen, progesterone and prolactin receptor genes. The inflammatory response that accompanies the neoplasia process is characterized by increased production of cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukins (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8), vascular endothelial growth receptors, and impaired hemostatic status (oxidative stress), which promotes progression of disease. In breast cancer in dogs, genomic instability leads to genomic aberrations, and subsequently, mutations that support the proliferation, survival and dissemination of neoplastic cells. The initiation and progression of mammary gland tumours is provided by cancer stem cells by disrupting the regulation of precursor cell self-renewal, which also predispose to resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, radiation, and hormonal cancer therapy. The analysis of the publications revealed the major markers of carcinogenesis that could potentially be used as biological targets for the design of modern diagnostic strategies and high-performance therapeutic protocols.
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Romeu MJ, Rodrigues D, Azeredo J. Effect of sub-lethal chemical disinfection on the biofilm forming ability, resistance to antibiotics and expression of virulence genes of Salmonella Enteritidis biofilm-surviving cells. BIOFOULING 2020; 36:101-112. [PMID: 31997643 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2020.1719077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although disinfection procedures are widely implemented in food environments, bacteria can survive and present increased virulence/resistance. Since little is known about these phenomena regarding biofilms, this study aimed to investigate the effect of chemical disinfection on biofilm-derived cells of Salmonella Enteritidis. Using a reference strain (NCTC 13349) and a food isolate (350), biofilm susceptibility to benzalkonium chloride (BAC), sodium hypochlorite (SH) and hydrogen peroxide (HP) was evaluated and biofilms were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of each disinfectant. Biofilm-derived cells were characterized for their biofilm forming ability, antibiotic resistance and expression of virulence-associated genes. Except for a few instances, disinfectant exposure did not alter antibiotic susceptibility. However, SH and HP exposure enhanced the biofilm forming ability of Salmonella Enteritidis NCTC 13349. After BAC and HP exposure, biofilm-derived cells presented a down-regulation of rpoS. Exposure to BAC also revealed an up-regulation of invA, avrA and csgD on Salmonella Enteritidis NCTC 13349. The results obtained suggest that biofilm-derived cells that survive disinfection may represent an increased health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Romeu
- Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Diana Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joana Azeredo
- Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Fish EJ, Irizarry KJ, DeInnocentes P, Ellis CJ, Prasad N, Moss AG, Curt Bird R. Malignant canine mammary epithelial cells shed exosomes containing differentially expressed microRNA that regulate oncogenic networks. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:832. [PMID: 30126376 PMCID: PMC6102898 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4750-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast (mammary) cancers in human (BC) and canine (CMT) patients share clinical, pathological, and molecular similarities that suggest dogs may be a useful translational model. Many cancers, including BC, shed exosomes that contain microRNAs (miRs) into the microenvironment and circulation, and these may represent biomarkers of metastasis and tumor phenotype. Methods Three normal canine mammary epithelial cell (CMEC) cultures and 5 CMT cell lines were grown in serum-free media. Exosomes were isolated from culture media by ultracentrifugation then profiled by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and Western blot. Exosomal small RNA was deep-sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq2500 sequencer and validated by qRT-PCR. In silico bioinformatic analysis was carried out to determine microRNA gene and pathway targets. Results CMEC and CMT cell lines shed round, “cup-shaped” exosomes approximately 150–200 nm, and were immunopositive for exosomal marker CD9. Deep-sequencing averaged ~ 15 million reads/sample. Three hundred thirty-eight unique miRs were detected, with 145 having > ±1.5-fold difference between one or more CMT and CMEC samples. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the upregulated miRs in this exosomal population regulate a number of relevant oncogenic networks. Several miRNAs including miR-18a, miR-19a and miR-181a were predicted in silico to target the canine estrogen receptor (ESR1α). Conclusions CMEC and CMT cells shed exosomes in vitro that contain differentially expressed miRs. CMT exosomal RNA expresses a limited number of miRs that are up-regulated relative to CMEC, and these are predicted to target biologically relevant hormone receptors and oncogenic pathways. These results may inform future studies of circulating exosomes and the utility of miRs as biomarkers of breast cancer in women and dogs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4750-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Fish
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, 166 Greene Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
| | - Kristopher J Irizarry
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Patricia DeInnocentes
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, 166 Greene Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Connor J Ellis
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Nripesh Prasad
- Genomic Services Laboratory, Hudson Alpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Anthony G Moss
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Mathematics, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - R Curt Bird
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, 166 Greene Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
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15
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Jisha S, Gouri PR, Anith KN, Sabu KK. Piriformospora indica cell wall extract as the best elicitor for asiaticoside production in Centella asiatica (L.) Urban, evidenced by morphological, physiological and molecular analyses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 125:106-115. [PMID: 29438895 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Vascular plants synthesise a multitude of organic molecules or phytochemicals, referred to as "secondary metabolites". These molecules are involved in a variety of roles in the life span of plants, ranging from structural ones to protection. Centella asiatica (L.) Urban has probably been used since prehistoric times and has been reported to have been used for various medicinal and cosmetic purposes. The plant contains several active constituents, of which the most important is asiaticoside, a triterpenoid. Asiaticoside content in C. asiatica can be enhanced by the use of biotic elicitors like Piriformospora indica. P. indica has been used as a model to study the mechanisms and evolution of mutualistic symbiosis. P. indica is similar to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in terms of plant growth promotional effects. The autoclaved fraction from P. indica (PiCWE) was found to be the most active fraction in promoting the plant biomass and asiaticoside content. To date, there are no reports on the potential role of PiCWE in enhancement of asiaticoside over the control and P. indica colonized plants, which was evidenced by the differential expression of key genes involved and final asiaticoside content along with the determination of phytohormones. Moreover, differential expression of selected miRNAs in PiCWE - C. asiatica root interactions over the control and P. indica treated C. asiatica leaf samples was also scrutinized. The important consequence of induction with PiCWE was the significant enhancement of asiaticoside in the PiCWE induced plants in comparison with the asiaticoside content in control and P. indica-C. asiatica interaction. In addition, the role of miRNAs in C. asiatica - PiCWE would enable more in-depth studies for deciphering the molecular and physiological mechanisms of the association and regulation of PiCWE - C. asiatica interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jisha
- Division of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, 695562, Kerala, India
| | - P R Gouri
- Division of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, 695562, Kerala, India
| | - K N Anith
- Division of Microbiology, Kerala Agricultural University, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 522, Kerala, India
| | - K K Sabu
- Division of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, 695562, Kerala, India.
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Sahabi K, Selvarajah GT, Abdullah R, Cheah YK, Tan GC. Comparative aspects of microRNA expression in canine and human cancers. J Vet Sci 2018; 19:162-171. [PMID: 28927253 PMCID: PMC5879064 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.2.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in all biological pathways in multicellular organisms. Over 1,400 human miRNAs have been identified, and many are conserved among vertebrates and invertebrates. Regulation of miRNA is the most common mode of post-transcriptional gene regulation. The miRNAs that are involved in the initiation and progression of cancers are termed oncomiRs and several of them have been identified in canine and human cancers. Similarly, several miRNAs have been reported to be down-regulated in cancers of the two species. In this review, current information on the expression and roles of miRNAs in oncogenesis and progression of human and canine cancers, as well the roles miRNAs have in cancer stem cell biology, are highlighted. The potential for the use of miRNAs as therapeutic targets in personalized cancer therapy in domestic dogs and their possible application in human cancer counterparts are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabiru Sahabi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Gayathri T Selvarajah
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Rasedee Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Kqueen Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Geok Chin Tan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Danesh H, Hashemi M, Bizhani F, Hashemi SM, Bahari G. Association study of miR-100, miR-124-1, miR-218-2, miR-301b, miR-605, and miR-4293 polymorphisms and the risk of breast cancer in a sample of Iranian population. Gene 2018; 647:73-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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18
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Lai YC, Ushio N, Rahman MM, Katanoda Y, Ogihara K, Naya Y, Moriyama A, Iwanaga T, Saitoh Y, Sogawa T, Sunaga T, Momoi Y, Izumi H, Miyoshi N, Endo Y, Fujiki M, Kawaguchi H, Miura N. Aberrant expression of microRNAs and the miR-1/MET pathway in canine hepatocellular carcinoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2018; 16:288-296. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y.-C. Lai
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - N. Ushio
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - M. M. Rahman
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
- The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science; Yamaguchi University; Yamaguchi Japan
| | - Y. Katanoda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - K. Ogihara
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Life and Environmental Science; Azabu University; Sagamihara Japan
| | - Y. Naya
- Laboratory of Pathology, School of Life and Environmental Science; Azabu University; Sagamihara Japan
| | - A. Moriyama
- Drug Safety Research Laboratories; Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd.; Kagoshima Japan
| | - T. Iwanaga
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Y. Saitoh
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - T. Sogawa
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - T. Sunaga
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Y. Momoi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - H. Izumi
- Drug Safety Research Laboratories; Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories, Ltd.; Kagoshima Japan
| | - N. Miyoshi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - Y. Endo
- Laboratory of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - M. Fujiki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
| | - H. Kawaguchi
- Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine; Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Kagoshima Japan
| | - N. Miura
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Kagoshima University; Kagoshima Japan
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Kabir FML, DeInnocentes P, Agarwal P, Mill CP, Riese Nd DJ, Bird RC. Estrogen receptor-α, progesterone receptor, and c- erbB/HER-family receptor mRNA detection and phenotype analysis in spontaneous canine models of breast cancer. J Vet Sci 2017; 18:149-158. [PMID: 27515268 PMCID: PMC5489461 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2017.18.2.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Well characterized, stable, p16-defective canine mammary cancer (CMT) cell lines and normal canine mammary epithelial cells were used to investigate expression of the major breast cancer-specific hormone receptors estrogen receptor alpha (ER1) and progesterone receptor (PR) as well as luminal epithelial-specific proto-oncogenes encoding c-erbB-1 (epidermal growth factor receptor/EGFr), c-erbB-2/HER2, c-erbB-3, and c-erbB-4 receptors. The investigation developed and validated quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assays for each transcript to provide rapid assessment of breast cancer phenotypes for canine cancers, based on ER1, PR, and c-erbB-2/HER2 expressions, similar to those in human disease. Roles for relatively underexplored c-erbB-3 and c-erbB-4 receptor expressions in each of these breast cancer phenotypes were also evaluated. Each quantitative assay was validated by assessment of amplicon size and DNA sequencing following amplification. Differential expression of ER1, PR, and c-erbB-2 in CMT cell lines clearly defined distinct human-like breast cancer phenotypes for a selection of CMT-derived cell lines. Expression profiles for EGFr family genes c-erbB-3 and c-erbB-4 in CMT models also provided an enriched classification of canine breast cancer identifying new extended phenotypes beyond the conventional luminal-basal characterization used in human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farruk M Lutful Kabir
- Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer (AURIC), Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Patricia DeInnocentes
- Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer (AURIC), Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Payal Agarwal
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - Christopher P Mill
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - David J Riese Nd
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
| | - R Curtis Bird
- Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer (AURIC), Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA
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20
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Munk R, Panda AC, Grammatikakis I, Gorospe M, Abdelmohsen K. Senescence-Associated MicroRNAs. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 334:177-205. [PMID: 28838538 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Senescent cells arise as a consequence of cellular damage and can have either a detrimental or advantageous impact on tissues and organs depending on the specific cell type and metabolic state. As senescent cells accumulate in tissues with advancing age, they have been implicated in many age-related declines and diseases. The major facets of senescence include two pathways responsible for establishing and maintaining a senescence program, p53/CDKN1A(p21) and CDKN2A(p16)/RB, as well as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Numerous MicroRNAs influence senescence by modulating the abundance of key senescence regulatory proteins, generally by lowering the stability and/or translation of mRNAs that encode such factors. Accordingly, understanding the molecular mechanisms by which MicroRNAs influence senescence will enable diagnostic and therapeutic opportunities directed at senescent cells. Here, we review senescence-associated (SA)-MicroRNAs and discuss their implications in senescence-relevant pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Munk
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Amaresh C Panda
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ioannis Grammatikakis
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kotb Abdelmohsen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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21
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Lutful Kabir FM, Alvarez CE, Bird RC. Canine Mammary Carcinomas: A Comparative Analysis of Altered Gene Expression. Vet Sci 2015; 3:vetsci3010001. [PMID: 29056711 PMCID: PMC5644615 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci3010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer represents the second most frequent neoplasm in humans and sexually intact female dogs after lung and skin cancers, respectively. Many similar features in human and dog cancers including, spontaneous development, clinical presentation, tumor heterogeneity, disease progression and response to conventional therapies have supported development of this comparative model as an alternative to mice. The highly conserved similarities between canine and human genomes are also key to this comparative analysis, especially when compared to the murine genome. Studies with canine mammary tumor (CMT) models have shown a strong genetic correlation with their human counterparts, particularly in terms of altered expression profiles of cell cycle regulatory genes, tumor suppressor and oncogenes and also a large group of non-coding RNAs or microRNAs (miRNAs). Because CMTs are considered predictive intermediate models for human breast cancer, similarities in genetic alterations and cancer predisposition between humans and dogs have raised further interest. Many cancer-associated genetic defects critical to mammary tumor development and oncogenic determinants of metastasis have been reported and appear to be similar in both species. Comparative analysis of deregulated gene sets or cancer signaling pathways has shown that a significant proportion of orthologous genes are comparably up- or down-regulated in both human and dog breast tumors. Particularly, a group of cell cycle regulators called cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) acting as potent tumor suppressors are frequently defective in CMTs. Interestingly, comparative analysis of coding sequences has also shown that these genes are highly conserved in mammals in terms of their evolutionary divergence from a common ancestor. Moreover, co-deletion and/or homozygous loss of the INK4A/ARF/INK4B (CDKN2A/B) locus, encoding three members of the CKI tumor suppressor gene families (p16/INK4A, p14ARF and p15/INK4B), in many human and dog cancers including mammary carcinomas, suggested their important conserved genetic order and localization in orthologous chromosomal regions. miRNAs, as powerful post-transcriptional regulators of most of the cancer-associated genes, have not been well evaluated to date in animal cancer models. Comprehensive expression profiles of miRNAs in CMTs have revealed their altered regulation showing a strong correlation with those found in human breast cancers. These genetic correlations between human and dog mammary cancers will greatly advance our understanding of regulatory mechanisms involving many critical cancer-associated genes that promote neoplasia and contribute to the promising development of future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farruk M Lutful Kabir
- Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer (AURIC), Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA.
- Current address: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Carlos E Alvarez
- Center for Molecular and Human Genetics, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital Departments of Pediatrics and Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University Colleges of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
| | - R Curtis Bird
- Auburn University Research Initiative in Cancer (AURIC), Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA.
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