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Peifer-Weiß L, Al-Hasani H, Chadt A. AMPK and Beyond: The Signaling Network Controlling RabGAPs and Contraction-Mediated Glucose Uptake in Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1910. [PMID: 38339185 PMCID: PMC10855711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Impaired skeletal muscle glucose uptake is a key feature in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Skeletal muscle glucose uptake can be enhanced by a variety of different stimuli, including insulin and contraction as the most prominent. In contrast to the clearance of glucose from the bloodstream in response to insulin stimulation, exercise-induced glucose uptake into skeletal muscle is unaffected during the progression of insulin resistance, placing physical activity at the center of prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases. The two Rab GTPase-activating proteins (RabGAPs), TBC1D1 and TBC1D4, represent critical nodes at the convergence of insulin- and exercise-stimulated signaling pathways, as phosphorylation of the two closely related signaling factors leads to enhanced translocation of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) to the plasma membrane, resulting in increased cellular glucose uptake. However, the full network of intracellular signaling pathways that control exercise-induced glucose uptake and that overlap with the insulin-stimulated pathway upstream of the RabGAPs is not fully understood. In this review, we discuss the current state of knowledge on exercise- and insulin-regulated kinases as well as hypoxia as stimulus that may be involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Peifer-Weiß
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (L.P.-W.); (H.A.-H.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (L.P.-W.); (H.A.-H.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Chadt
- Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center (DDZ), Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (L.P.-W.); (H.A.-H.)
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Partner Düsseldorf, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
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Zhao TQ, Li Y, Zhang M, Zhao MC, Cao X, Hou SZ. Glycyrrhizic Acid Protects Glomerular Podocytes Induced by High Glucose by Modulating SNARK/AMPK Signaling Pathway. Curr Med Sci 2023; 43:696-707. [PMID: 37450070 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2765-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most important microvascular complications of diabetes, which mainly refers to glomerular capillary sclerosis. Podocytes are an important part of glomerular capillaries. Previous clinical and basic studies have shown that fibrosis is the main factor of diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to assess the protective mechanism of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) on glomerular podocytes induced by high glucose as we hypothesized that GA may have antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects on podocytes through regulation of the adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/sucrose nonfermenting AMPK-related kinase (SNARK) signaling pathway. METHODS SNARK siRNA was used to transfect podocytes. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunofluorescence staining assays were used for molecular and pathological analysis. The expression levels of key pathway proteins (including TGF-β1, α-SMA, SITR1, AMPKα, LKB1, PGC-1α, NF-κB, IL-6, and TNF-α) were verified by Western blotting. The expression of inflammatory factors in podocytes was detected by ELISA. RESULTS We demonstrated that GA decreased the expression of podocyte fibrosis signaling pathway-related factors by upregulating the AMPK pathway and its related factors. However, after transfection of podocytes with SNARK siRNA, there was an increased expression of fibrosis-related factors and inflammation-related factors. CONCLUSION GA can protect podocytes and alleviate fibrosis and inflammation induced by high glucose, which is related to the AMPK signaling pathway. Meanwhile, knockdown of SNARK protein can inhibit the AMPK signaling pathway, aggravate fibrosis, and increase inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Qi Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yuan Li
- School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Meng-Chao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xue Cao
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Shao-Zhang Hou
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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Shi X, Qiu H. New Insights Into Energy Substrate Utilization and Metabolic Remodeling in Cardiac Physiological Adaption. Front Physiol 2022; 13:831829. [PMID: 35283773 PMCID: PMC8914108 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.831829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac function highly relies on sufficient energy supply. Perturbations in myocardial energy metabolism play a causative role in cardiac pathogenesis. Accumulating evidence has suggested that modifications of cardiac metabolism are also an essential part of the adaptive responses to various physiological conditions in the heart to meet specific energy needs. The review highlighted some new studies on basic myocardial energy substrate metabolism and updated recent findings regarding cardiac metabolic remodeling and their associated mechanisms under physiological conditions, including exercise and cardiac development. Studying basic metabolic profiles in the heart in these conditions can contribute to understanding the significance of metabolic regulation in the heart during physiological adaption and gaining further insights into the maladaptive metabolic changes associated with cardiac pathogenesis, thus opening up new avenues to exploring novel therapeutic strategies in cardiac diseases.
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Durand R, Ouellette A, Houde VP, Guénard F, Varin TV, Marcotte B, Pilon G, Fraboulet E, Vohl MC, Marette A, Bazinet L. Animal and Cellular Studies Demonstrate Some of the Beneficial Impacts of Herring Milt Hydrolysates on Obesity-Induced Glucose Intolerance and Inflammation. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113235. [PMID: 33105775 PMCID: PMC7690616 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for bioactive compounds from enzymatic hydrolysates has increased in the last few decades. Fish by-products have been shown to be rich in these valuable molecules; for instance, herring milt is a complex matrix composed of lipids, nucleotides, minerals, and proteins. However, limited information is available on the potential health benefits of this by-product. In this context, three industrial products containing herring milt hydrolysate (HMH) were tested in both animal and cellular models to measure their effects on obesity-related metabolic disorders. Male C57Bl/6J mice were fed either a control chow diet or a high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet for 8 weeks and received either the vehicle (water) or one of the three HMH products (HMH1, HMH2, and HMH3) at a dose of 208.8 mg/kg (representing 1 g/day for a human) by daily oral gavage. The impact of HMH treatments on insulin and glucose tolerance, lipid homeostasis, liver gene expression, and the gut microbiota profile was studied. In parallel, the effects of HMH on glucose uptake and inflammation were studied in L6 myocytes and J774 macrophages, respectively. In vivo, daily treatment with HMH2 and HMH3 improved early time point glycemia during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) induced by the HFHS diet, without changes in weight gain and insulin secretion. Interestingly, we also observed that HMH2 consumption partially prevented a lower abundance of Lactobacillus species in the gut microbiota of HFHS diet-fed animals. In addition to this, modulations of gene expression in the liver, such as the upregulation of sucrose nonfermenting AMPK-related kinase (SNARK), were reported for the first time in mice treated with HMH products. While HMH2 and HMH3 inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction in J774 macrophages, glucose uptake was not modified in L6 muscle cells. These results indicate that milt herring hydrolysates reduce some metabolic and inflammatory alterations in cellular and animal models, suggesting a possible novel marine ingredient to help fight against obesity-related immunometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Durand
- Department of food Sciences and Laboratory of Food Processing and Electromembrane Process (LTAPEM), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
| | - Adia Ouellette
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of medicine, Université Laval, QC G1V 4G5 Québec, Canada
| | - Vanessa P. Houde
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of medicine, Université Laval, QC G1V 4G5 Québec, Canada
| | - Frédéric Guénard
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Thibaut V. Varin
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of medicine, Université Laval, QC G1V 4G5 Québec, Canada
| | - Bruno Marcotte
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of medicine, Université Laval, QC G1V 4G5 Québec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of medicine, Université Laval, QC G1V 4G5 Québec, Canada
| | | | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Department of medicine, Université Laval, QC G1V 4G5 Québec, Canada
| | - Laurent Bazinet
- Department of food Sciences and Laboratory of Food Processing and Electromembrane Process (LTAPEM), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.O.); (V.P.H.); (F.G.); (T.V.V.); (B.M.); (G.P.); (M.-C.V.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +418-656-2131-7445; Fax: +418-656-3353
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