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Liang H, Zhang R, Zhou L, Wu X, Chen J, Li X, Chen J, Shan L, Wang H. Corn stigma ameliorates hyperglycemia in zebrafish and GK rats of type 2 diabetes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117746. [PMID: 38216098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cornstigma (CS), derived from the stigma and style of gramineous plant Zeamays. The medicinal use of CS can be traced back to DianNanMateriaMedica. LingnanMedicinalPlantsCompendium records its effectiveness in ameliorating diabetes. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and the consequent chronic complications of kidney, heart, brain and other organs, which pose a significant threat to human health. CS has shown great potential in relieving hyperglycemia associated with diabetes. However, the mechanism of CS in treating diabetes remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the pathogenesis of diabetes and the mechanism of CS improving hyperglycemia in diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We measured apigenin and luteolin contents in CS by UPLC/MS/MS method. Selecting Wistar rats as normal group, and GK rats as model group. For rats, we detected glucose and lipid metabolism indicators, including GHb, AST, ALT, U-Glu, UA, U-TP, U-ALB, and ACR after treatment. For zebrafish, we utilized alloxan and sucrose to establish the diabetes model. Measuring zebrafish blood glucose is employed to evaluate the hypoglycemic capability of CS. In order to explore the mechanism of CS in treating diabetes, we sequenced the transcriptome of zebrafish, compared differentially expressed genes of normal, diabetic, and CS-treated group, and validated multiple enrichment pathways by PCR. RESULTS CS can improve blood glucose levels in both GK rats and diabetic zebrafish. For rats, CS partially restored glucose and lipid metabolism indicators. Transcriptome data from zebrafish showed a close correlation with steroid biosynthesis. The RNA-Sequencing was consistent with PCR results, indicating that CS downregulated gene (fdft1,lss,cyp51) expression concerned with steroid biosynthesis pathway in the diabetes model. CONCLUSION CS effectively improved blood glucose levels, regulated glucose and lipid metabolism by suppressing gene expression in steroid biosynthesis pathway, and ameliorated hyperglycemia. Our research provides valuable insights for CS in the treatment of diabetes, and proposes a new strategy for selecting clinical medications for diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowei Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ruiqin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Li Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jingan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xinyue Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Jieqiong Chen
- Office of Educational Administration, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Letian Shan
- Fuyang Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Scientific Research Department, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Jinhua, China.
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Fang C, Zhang J, Han J, Lei Y, Cao Z, Pan J, Pan Z, Zhang Z, Qu N, Luo H, Ma Y, Han D. Tiaogan Jiejiu Tongluo Formula attenuated alcohol-induced chronic liver injury by regulating lipid metabolism in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116838. [PMID: 37355081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tiaogan Jiejiu Tongluo Formula (TJTF), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, is modified from the well-known ancient prescription Danzhi-Xiaoyao Powder (DXP). Owing to its ability to regulate liver, strengthen spleen, detoxicating, and dredge collaterals in Chinese medicine, TJTF is usually used to treat anxiety, hypertension, alcoholic fatty liver disease in clinical application. However, the protective effect and potential molecular mechanism of TJTF on alcoholic liver injury has not fully been clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY To explore the effect of TJTF on chronic alcoholic liver injury and figure out whether its effects were due to the regulation of lipid metabolism. MATERIAL AND METHODS 75 male SD rats were divided into the following five groups, control group, EtOH group, TJTF high dose group, TJTF low dose group and silybin group. Then a chronic alcoholic liver injury model was established by increasing concentration of 56% ethanol in rats. The rats in each TJTF group were given the corresponding dose of TJTF, the rats in the silybin group were given silybin, the rats in the control group and the EtOH group were given distilled water by gavage, once a day for 8 consecutive weeks. The components of TJTF were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) was used to assess the severity of liver injury. in the pathological examination. Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and oil red O staining were used to evaluate the degree of the liver glycogen accumulation and lipid deposition, respectively. The serum ALT, AST, T-CHO, TG, LDL-C, ADH, HDL-C, and ALDH levels as well as liver tissue GSH, MDA, and SOD levels were analyzed in rats. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to detect lipid metabolism-related proteins expressed in rat liver. RESULTS TJTF significantly alleviated the chronic liver injury caused by alcohol in rats, and enhanced liver function. TJTF significantly decreased AST, ALT, ADH levels and increased ALDH level of serum, and increased GSH, SOD levels and decreased MDA level of liver tissue. In addition, TJTF significantly decreased the serum T-CHO, TG and LDL-C levels and increased HDL-C level in chronic alcoholic liver injury rats by regulating the expression of lipid metabolism associated proteins including p-LKB1, p-AMPKα, p-ACC, FAS, HMGCR, SREBP-1c, PPARα and CPT-1A. The results of western blot and immunohistochemical staining confirmed that TJTF can inhibit lipid production and promote fatty acid oxidation in the liver tissue of chronic alcoholic liver injury rats by activating the LKB1-AMPKα axis and then downregulating the protein expressions of p-ACC, FAS, HMGCR and SREBP-1c, as well as promoting the protein expressions of PPARα and CPT-1A. Meanwhile, TJTF also increased the glycogen content of liver and alleviated the liver damage. CONCLUSION According to current research, TJTF is effective in treating chronic liver damage induced by alcohol in rats. Additionally, TJTF exhibits the protective benefits by modulating LKB1-AMPKα signal axis, which in turn inhibits the synthesis of lipids and promotes the oxidation of fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqiu Fang
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, PR China
| | - Jingzhou Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, PR China
| | - Jiajun Han
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yuting Lei
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, PR China
| | - Zhanhong Cao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, PR China
| | - Jianheng Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, PR China
| | - Zhi Pan
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, PR China
| | - Zhong Zhang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, PR China
| | - Ning Qu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, PR China
| | - Haoming Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, PR China.
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jilin Province People's Hospital, Jilin, PR China.
| | - Dong Han
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Jilin, PR China.
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Benchoula K, Mediani A, Hwa WE. The functions of Ca 2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in diabetes progression. J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:25-34. [PMID: 35551607 PMCID: PMC10030766 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-022-00680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase in blood glucose causes a myriad of pathways and molecular components to malfunction, leading to diabetes. Diabetes affects each organ differently by activating distinct pathways. It has an impact on the liver, pancreas, kidney (nephropathy), eyes (retinopathy), and nervous system (neuropathy). Understanding the effects of diabetes on each organ is the first step in developing a sustained treatment for the disease. Among the many cellular molecules impacted by diabetes is Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), a complex Ca2+/calmodulin-activated serine/threonine-protein kinase. When intracellular [Ca2+] rises, it binds to calmodulin (CaM) to produce Ca2+/CaM, which activates CaMKIIs. This factor is involved in the pancreas, liver, heart, muscles, and various organs. Thus, Understanding CaMKII action in each organ is critical for gaining a complete picture of diabetic complications. Therefore, this review covers CaMKII's functions in many organs and how it affects and has been affected by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Benchoula
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmed Mediani
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wong Eng Hwa
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, 1, Jalan Taylors, 47500, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Yue Q, Chen X, Gao J, Gong Q, Shi J, Li F. Dendrobine protects HACAT cells from H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis damage via Nrf2/Keap1/ARE signaling pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 454:116217. [PMID: 36058301 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Skin offers protection, regulation, and sensation to the body. In collaboration with other stromal cells of the skin, keratinocytes, which differentiate from epidermis basal layers (low) to outer layers (high) leading to the stratum corneum, ensure that skin barrier function is achieved. Despite this, age-related inflammation and oxidative stress in the skin can negatively impact skin quality. Antioxidants can protect against skin damage, preventing skin aging or even reversing to some extent. Previous studies showed that Dendrobium Nobile (D. nobile) resists aging, prolongs life span, and attenuates oxidative damage and inflammation in various models. However, how D. nobile protects skin against aging or other damage is not well described yet. Therefore, in this study, a keratinocyte cell line (HACAT) was used to investigate the effect of dendrobine, the main active component of D. nobile, on oxidative damage in skin. We found that dendrobine reduced the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species by regulating the balance of antioxidant enzymes and oxidases, as well as decreased the cell apoptosis in H2O2-induced HACAT. Dendrobine also significantly activated the nuclear erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2)/Keap1 signaling pathway. However, this antioxidant effect of dendrobine was abolished after Nrf2 gene being silenced. The results showed that dendrobine could resist the oxidative damage of skin cells, and its antioxidant function is related to the up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes as well as activation of Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiang Yue
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jianmei Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Qihai Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jingshan Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
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Meng XW, He CX, Chen X, Yang XS, Liu C. The extract of Gnaphalium affine D. Don protects against H 2O 2-induced apoptosis by targeting PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113579. [PMID: 33189844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gnaphalium affine D. Don is an important Traditional Chinese herbal Medicine (TCM) used to treat hyperuricemia, asthma, rheumatic arthritis, antitussive, expectorant and cardiovascular in folk medicine because of anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential beneficial effect of G. affine extract (GAE) on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis and explore the possible underlying mechanism in cardiomyocyte. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ingredients of GAE were isolated and tentatively identified by HPLC-ESI-Q-Qribatrip-MS/MS. The cardioprotective and anti-oxidant effects of GAE were evaluated in the experimental model with H2O2 induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells. H9c2 cells were pretreated for 3 h with or without GAE or with GAE plus PX866 (PI3K inhibitor), then exposed to H2O2 for 6 h, H9c2 cells viability were detected by CCK8 kit, the content of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and intracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured by the commercial biochemical kits, western blotting, immunohistochemical (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays were performed to evaluate the proteins and mRNA expression, propidium iodide (PI) staining was adopted to indicate H9c2 cells apoptosis. RESULTS Firstly, seventeen polyphenols and flavonoids compounds with the characteristics of anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant in GAE were tentatively identified by HPLC-ESI-Q-Qribatrip-MS/MS. In the experimental model, GAE not only significantly improved cells viability, but also showed anti-oxidant effects through improving SOD activity, up-regulating nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and decreasing intracellular concentration of ROS and MDA and the proteins expression of p47phox, p67phox and gp91phox. On the other hand, GAE revealed anti-apoptotic effect through up-regulating the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), down-regulating Bcl2-associated X (BAX) and cleaved-caspase 3. Furthermore, GAE significantly facilitated phosphorylation of AKT and glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) but not AMPK, while the effects were blocked by PX866 (PI3K inhibitor). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested that GAE showed strong anti-oxidant effect to ameliorate oxidative stress and attenuate apoptosis induced by H2O2 in H9c2 cells by targeting PI3K/AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Wen Meng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Can-Xia He
- Institute of Preventative Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathological and Physiological Technology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Xiao-Song Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China.
| | - Chao Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China.
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