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Nizri H, Hemi A, Levy-Gigi E. Regulatory flexibility and school climate moderate the relationship between stress exposure and depression severity in school educators. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11543. [PMID: 38773160 PMCID: PMC11109108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
School-related stress may impair the mental health and the ability of educators to function at school adaptively. According to the Conservation of Resources (COR) model, coping with stress is affected by internal personal resources and external interpersonal resources. The current study focused on regulatory flexibility as an internal personal resource and school climate as an external interpersonal resource. It tested their moderating role in the relationship between school-related stress exposure and depressive symptoms. 1530 educators participated in the study. The results revealed that school climate and regulatory flexibility play a significant role in determining the severity of depressive symptoms following stress exposure. Specifically, when either school climate and/or regulatory flexibility were low, there was a positive association between school-related stress exposure and depressive symptoms. Hence, greater exposure was associated with increased depressive symptoms. However, when both school climate and regulatory flexibility were higher, there were no associations between stress exposure and symptoms. Therefore, these educators showed significantly lower depressive symptoms independent of their stress exposure. The findings shed light on the importance of both internal and external resources in reducing the aversive effects of school-related stress. The study may pave the way to developing tailored interventions to reduce depressive symptoms and enhance well-being in educators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagit Nizri
- Faculty of Education, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Alla Hemi
- Faculty of Education, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Einat Levy-Gigi
- Faculty of Education, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
- The Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.
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Makowska-Tłomak E, Bedyńska S, Skorupska K, Nielek R, Kornacka M, Kopeć W. Measuring digital transformation stress at the workplace-Development and validation of the digital transformation stress scale. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287223. [PMID: 37851687 PMCID: PMC10584111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the unquestionable advantages of digital transformation (DT) in organizations, the very process of DT could have an impact on the level of stress of the employees. The negative effects of the digital transformation process can be observed during the implementation of information and communication technologies (ICT) solutions. They are further enhanced by the effects of COVID-19 pandemic, as digital transformation has accelerated to allow for remote work. Herein we distinguish between general stress at the workplace and the very specific type of stress, namely digital transformation stress (DTS). We assumed that this type of stress appears when rapid implementation of ICT solutions is introduced with time pressure and incertitude of further results. To quantify this phenomenon, we developed a new self-report scale-the Digital Transformation Stress Scale (DTSS), measuring employees' stress stemming from the process of digital transformation in organizations. The psychometric validity of the scale was evaluated in two studies: Study1 conducted at the beginning of COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 (N = 229) and Study 2 in 2021 (N = 558), after a year of mostly remote work. The results confirmed good reliability with Cronbach's Alpha α = .91 in Study 1 and α = .90 in Study 2 and assumed unidimensional factorial validity of the scale in both studies. All items of the scale had good difficulty and discrimination values evaluated in Item Response Theory, i.e., IRT approach. The scale showed predicted convergent validity as the indicator of the digital transformation stress moderately correlated with general stress at work. Moreover, the assumption that even employees with high ICT skills could be affected by DTS was confirmed. Additionally, the results indicated that digital transformation stress was significantly higher among employees who reported both issues: ongoing digital solutions projects at the workplace and high impact of COVID-19 pandemic on their work. The scale could be used in future work on measuring and counteracting digital transformation stress at the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Makowska-Tłomak
- Faculty of Psychology, Institute of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
- Polish Japanese Academy of Information Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Bedyńska
- Center for Research on Social Relations, Institute of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kinga Skorupska
- Polish Japanese Academy of Information Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Radosław Nielek
- Polish Japanese Academy of Information Technology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Kornacka
- Emotion Cognition Lab, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland
| | - Wiesław Kopeć
- Polish Japanese Academy of Information Technology, Warsaw, Poland
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La Greca AM, Burdette ET, Brodar KE. Climate change and extreme weather disasters: evacuation stress is associated with youths' somatic complaints. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1196419. [PMID: 37425189 PMCID: PMC10323363 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1196419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Climate-change has brought about more frequent extreme-weather events (e.g., hurricanes, floods, and wildfires) that may require families to evacuate, without knowing precisely where and when the potential disaster will strike. Recent research indicates that evacuation is stressful for families and is associated with psychological distress. Yet, little is known about the potential impact of evacuation stressors on child health. After Hurricane Irma, which led to a mass evacuation in Florida, we examined whether evacuation stressors and hurricane exposure were uniquely associated with youth somatic complaints, and whether youth psychological distress (i.e., symptoms of posttraumatic stress, anxiety, and depression) served as a potential mediating pathway between evacuation stressors, hurricane experiences, and somatic complaints. Method Three months after Irma, 226 mothers of youth aged 7-17 years (N=226; M age = 9.76 years; 52% boys; 31% Hispanic) living in the five southernmost Florida counties reported on evacuation stressors, hurricane-related life threat and loss/disruption, and their child's psychological distress and somatic complaints using standardized measures. Results Structural equation modeling revealed a good model fit (χ2 = 32.24, p = 0.003, CFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.08, SRMR = 0.04). Even controlling for life-threatening hurricane experiences (β = 0.26) and hurricane loss and disruption (β = 0.26), greater evacuation stressors were associated with greater symptoms of youth psychological distress (β = 0.34; p's < 0.001), and greater psychological distress was associated with more somatic complaints (β = 0.67; p < 0.001). Indirect effects revealed that evacuation stressors (p < 0.001), actual life-threatening events (p < 0.01), and loss and disruption (p < 0.01) were all uniquely and indirectly associated with youths' somatic complaints via youth psychological distress. Discussion Findings suggest that even coping with the threat of a disaster may be sufficient to prompt psychological and physical health symptoms in youth. Due in part to climate change, threats of disaster occur much more often than actual disaster exposure, especially for areas that are prone to hurricanes or wildfires. Preparing youth and families residing in vulnerable areas for potential disaster evacuation or sheltering-in-place appears critical. Encouraging families to develop Disaster Plans and teaching stress management skills may reduce both youth distress and somatic health problems.
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Cáceres C, Leiva-Bianchi M, Ormazábal Y, Mena C, Cantillana JC. Post-traumatic stress in people from the interior drylands of the Maule region, Chile in the context of climate change. GEOSPATIAL HEALTH 2022; 17. [PMID: 35592924 DOI: 10.4081/gh.2022.1045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Progressive changes in local environmental scenarios, accelerated by global climate change, can negatively affect the mental health of people who inhabit these areas. The magnitude of these effects may vary depending on the socioeconomic conditions of people and the characteristics of the environment, so certain territories can be more vulnerable than others. In this context, the present study aimed to geographically analyse the levels of psychosocial impact and the types of disruptive responses related to the new territorial scenarios caused by climate change in the coastal drylands of the Maule region, Chile. For this purpose, 223 people from two communes (Curepto and Pencahue) were psychosocially evaluated for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) together with a survey of the prevailing sociodemographic and socioeconomic conditions in relation to the environmental variables of the territory. All information was georeferenced, stored within an ArcGIS Desktop geographic information system (GIS) and then investigated by application of contingency tables, ANOVA and local clustering analysis using SSP statistical software. The results indicated a high level of PTSD in the population, with significant differences related to age and education as well as employment conditions and income. The spatial results showed high PTSD values in the communal capital of Curepto in the central agricultural valley near the estuary of the local river, while the existence of coldspots was observed in the central valley of the Pencahue commune. It was concluded that proximity to population centres and surface water sources played the greatest role for the development of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Cáceres
- Faculty of Psychology, Laboratory of Methodology, Behavioural Sciences and Neuroscience, Universidad de Talca.
| | - Marcelo Leiva-Bianchi
- Faculty of Psychology, Laboratory of Methodology, Behavioural Sciences and Neuroscience, Universidad de Talca.
| | - Yony Ormazábal
- Faculty of Economics and Business, Universidad de Talca.
| | - Carlos Mena
- Faculty of Economics and Business, Universidad de Talca.
| | - Juan Carlos Cantillana
- Faculty of Administration and Economics, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana del Estado de Chile.
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Piotrowski A, Makarowski R, Predoiu R, Predoiu A, Boe O. Resilience and Subjectively Experienced Stress Among Paramedics Prior to and During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:664540. [PMID: 34335376 PMCID: PMC8319398 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.664540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Paramedics play a vital role in the healthcare system by providing professional support in situations of direct threat to patient health and life. They experience numerous difficulties during their work, which result in occupational stress. During the COVID-19 pandemic, their work has become even more demanding. The aim of the current study was to examine the role of resilience in the subjective experience of stress among paramedics during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was carried out in two phases, in October-November 2019 (N = 75) and in May-June 2020 (N = 84), using the Sense of Stress Questionnaire (Skala Poczucia Stresu) and the Resilience Scale (Skala Pomiaru Prężności). RESULTS Paramedics exhibited higher intrapsychic stress before the COVID-19 pandemic. Tolerance of failure and treating life as a challenge were higher during the pandemic, in contrast to optimism and the ability to mobilize in difficult situations. Paramedics who were in contact with patients with COVID-19 experienced higher stress. Perseverance and determination, openness to new experiences and sense of humor, as well as competences and tolerance of negative emotions were revealed to play a key part in mitigating subjectively experienced stress. CONCLUSION Paramedics' subjectively experienced stress was lower during the COVID-19 pandemic. Paramedics who were in direct contact with patients with COVID-19 experienced higher stress. They had sufficient psychological resources, in the form of resilience (perseverance and determination, openness to new experiences, sense of humor, and competences and tolerance of negative emotions), which allowed them to cope with the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Piotrowski
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ryszard Makarowski
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Elbląg University of Humanities and Economics, Elblag, Poland
| | - Radu Predoiu
- Teachers’ Training Department, National University of Physical Education and Sports, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alexandra Predoiu
- Sports and Motor Performance Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, National University of Physical Education and Sports, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ole Boe
- USN School of Business, Department of Industrial Economics, Strategy and Political Science, University of South-Eastern Norway, Drammen, Norway
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Conrad RC, Hahm H“C, Koire A, Pinder-Amaker S, Liu CH. College student mental health risks during the COVID-19 pandemic: Implications of campus relocation. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 136:117-126. [PMID: 33588225 PMCID: PMC8635290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE During the COVID-19 pandemic, many universities evacuated their campuses, requiring students to vacate on campus residences. The psychological outcomes of students who relocated during the pandemic remains unknown. We examined mandated relocation experiences related to self-reported worry, grief, loneliness, and depressive, generalized anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional survey data obtained from April 9 to August 4, 2020 on 791 young adults (ages 18-30 years) who were enrolled at a U.S. university. The CARES 2020 Project (COVID-19 Adult Resilience Experiences Study) is an online survey of young adults' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Recruitment relied on snowball sampling. Participants were asked if they were required to relocate from campus and among those who did, their experiences in moving. COVID-19-related worry and grief, loneliness, and depressive, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms were assessed. RESULTS Approximately one-third of students reported being mandated to relocate. Students mandated to relocate reported more COVID-19-related grief, loneliness, and generalized anxiety symptoms compared to those who did not even after controlling for the severity level of local COVID-19 outbreaks. Students who had to leave behind valuable personal belongings reported more COVID-19-related worries, grief, and depressive, generalized anxiety, and PTSD symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Students who were mandated to relocate reported worse psychological outcomes compared to students who were not mandated to relocate. Our findings have implications for addressing the psychological impact of evacuating college campuses during public health emergencies and other disasters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C. Conrad
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Hyeouk “Chris” Hahm
- School of Social Work, Boston University, 264 Bay State Rd, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Amanda Koire
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Stephanie Pinder-Amaker
- Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,McLean Hospital, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| | - Cindy H. Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,Department of Newborn Medicine, 221 Longwood Avenue, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,Corresponding author. Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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7
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Fitzpatrick KM. Post-traumatic stress symptomatology and displacement among Hurricane Harvey survivors. Soc Sci Med 2021; 270:113634. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Paquin V, Elgbeili G, Laplante DP, Kildea S, King S. Positive cognitive appraisal "buffers" the long-term effect of peritraumatic distress on maternal anxiety: The Queensland Flood Study. J Affect Disord 2021; 278:5-12. [PMID: 32949873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited research has evaluated distinct aspects of disaster experience as predictors of affective symptoms. In this study, we examined the extent to which maternal depression and anxiety over time were predicted by (1) objective hardship from a flood during pregnancy, (2) peritraumatic distress and (3) cognitive appraisal of the flood's consequences. METHODS Data were drawn from the 2011 Queensland Flood Study, a prospective, longitudinal study of pregnancy (n = 183). Mothers' disaster experience was measured within 1 year after the flood. Their levels of depression, anxiety and stress were measured at 16 months, 30 months, 4 years and 6 years after childbirth. Linear mixed models were employed to evaluate symptom trajectories. RESULTS There were no time-dependent effects of disaster-related variables. Objective hardship did not predict outcomes. Peritraumatic distress significantly predicted depression and anxiety symptoms when cognitive appraisal was negative. Conversely, when cognitive appraisal was neutral or positive, the effect of peritraumatic distress was "buffered". For anxiety, but not depression, this interaction survived Bonferroni correction. Neutral/positive cognitive appraisal similarly moderated the effect of peritraumatic dissociation. LIMITATIONS The generalizability of our findings is limited by overall low levels of depression and anxiety, along with a predominantly Caucasian, higher socioeconomic status sample. Potential confounders such as pre-disaster anxiety were not controlled for. CONCLUSION In line with previous evidence, this study supports the predictive validity of peritraumatic distress for post-disaster depression and anxiety. Our findings suggest that cognitive appraisal could be a relevant target for interventions aimed at fostering maternal resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Paquin
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 1033 Avenue des Pins, Montreal QC Canada H3A 1A1; Douglas Institute Research Centre, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Verdun, QC Canada H4H 1R3
| | - Guillaume Elgbeili
- Douglas Institute Research Centre, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Verdun, QC Canada H4H 1R3
| | - David P Laplante
- Douglas Institute Research Centre, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Verdun, QC Canada H4H 1R3
| | - Sue Kildea
- Molly Wardaguga Research Centre, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Charles Darwin University, Level 11, East building, 410 Ann St Brisbane, 4000 QLD, Australia; Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, 39 Annerley Rd, South Brisbane QLD 4101 Australia; School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, Chamberlain Building, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Suzanne King
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, 1033 Avenue des Pins, Montreal QC Canada H3A 1A1; Douglas Institute Research Centre, 6875 Boulevard LaSalle, Verdun, QC Canada H4H 1R3.
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Zhao N, Zhou G. Social Media Use and Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Moderator Role of Disaster Stressor and Mediator Role of Negative Affect. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2020; 12:1019-1038. [PMID: 32945123 PMCID: PMC7536964 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Informed by the differential susceptibility to media effects model (DSMM), the current study aims to investigate associations of COVID‐19‐related social media use with mental health outcomes and to uncover potential mechanisms underlying the links. Methods A sample of 512 (62.5% women; Mage = 22.12 years, SD = 2.47) Chinese college students participated in this study from 24 March to 1 April 2020 via online questionnaire. They completed measures of social media use, the COVID‐19 stressor, negative affect, secondary traumatic stress (STS), depression, and anxiety as well as covariates. Results As expected, results from regression analyses indicated that a higher level of social media use was associated with worse mental health. More exposure to disaster news via social media was associated with greater depression for participants with high (but not low) levels of the disaster stressor. Moreover, path analysis showed negative affect mediated the relationship of social media use and mental health. Conclusions These findings suggest that the disaster stressor may be a risk factor that amplifies the deleterious impact of social media use on depression. In addition, excessive exposure to disaster on social media may trigger negative affect, which may in turn contribute to mental health problems. Future interventions to improve mental health should consider elements of both disaster stressor and negative affect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhao
- Peking University, Beijing, China
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10
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Hall BJ, Xiong YX, Yip PSY, Lao CK, Shi W, Sou EKL, Chang K, Wang L, Lam AIF. The association between disaster exposure and media use on post-traumatic stress disorder following Typhoon Hato in Macao, China. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2019; 10:1558709. [PMID: 30693078 PMCID: PMC6338284 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2018.1558709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Direct exposure to natural disasters and related losses are associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is less clear whether indirect media exposure is associated with PTSD. Objective: This study investigated key exposure-related risk factors for PTSD and examined the effect of media exposure on the prevalence of disaster-related PTSD. Method: Typhoon Hato directly hit Macao on 23 August 2017. It was one of the most serious natural disasters ever to strike southern China. One month after the event, 1876 Chinese university students in Macao were recruited into a cross-sectional study (mean age 20.01 years, SD = 2.63; 66.2% female). Self-reported typhoon exposure, media use and exposure to disaster-related content, and PTSD symptoms were collected using an electronic survey. Univariable analyses assessed associations between risk factors and PTSD, which were then included in a series of multivariable logistic regressions. Results: The prevalence of PTSD was 5.1%. Adjusted models demonstrated that being male (vs female) [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.68, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-2.63], home damage (aOR = 2.86, 95% CI 1.71-4.78), witnessing people injured (aOR = 2.33, 95% CI 1.36-4.00), and almost drowning during the storm (aOR = 8.99, 95% CI 1.92-41.99) were associated with PTSD. After adjusting for direct exposure, indirect exposure to disaster-related social media content, including information related to drowning victims (aOR = 1.29, 95% CI 1.00-1.67) and residents' emotional reactions (aOR = 1.98, 95% CI 1.44-2.72), was associated with PTSD. Viewing more information about the storm itself (aOR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.28-0.49) and images of heroic acts (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.55-0.94) were significantly associated with lower odds of PTSD. Conclusion: These findings add to the literature demonstrating that some types of media use and certain media content following a natural disaster are associated with PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Hall
- Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Macao, Macao (SAR), People’s Republic of China
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ying Xin Xiong
- Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Macao, Macao (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Paul S. Y. Yip
- Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Macao, Macao (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Kei Lao
- Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Macao, Macao (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Shi
- Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Macao, Macao (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Elvo K. L. Sou
- Student Affairs Office, The University of Macao, Macao (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Kay Chang
- Global and Community Mental Health Research Group, Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Macao, Macao (SAR), People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Laboratory for Traumatic Stress Studies, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Agnes I. F. Lam
- Centre for Macau Studies, The University of Macao, Macao (SAR), People’s Republic of China
- Department of Communications, The University of Macao, Macao (SAR), People’s Republic of China
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Rateau MR. An Analysis of Stories From Those Who Have Encountered Catastrophic Loss From Flood. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2017; 31:561-565. [PMID: 29179821 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Analyzing stories from those who have suffered catastrophic loss from flood may offer a means to better understand recovery of the survivors from their perspective. The purpose of this research was to examine the lived experience of those who faced catastrophic loss from flood. Stories were gathered from eight participants, who experienced catastrophic loss of home and possessions resultant of massive flooding. Following analysis, three "turning points" were identified within the story plot which included: Facing the devastation, Embracing the rebuilding, and Developing inner strength. Themes within the turning points were identified demonstrating transformational perspectives of self and world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret R Rateau
- Robert Morris University, School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Moon Township, PA, United States.
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Cherry KE, Lyon BA, Sampson L, Galea S, Nezat PF, Marks LD. Prior Hurricane and Other Lifetime Trauma Predict Coping Style in Older Commercial Fishers After the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jabr.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Pamela F. Nezat
- Department of Rehabilitation Counseling; Louisiana State University Health Science Center
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Hollifield M, Gory A, Siedjak J, Nguyen L, Holmgreen L, Hobfoll S. The Benefit of Conserving and Gaining Resources after Trauma: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2016; 5:jcm5110104. [PMID: 27869721 PMCID: PMC5126801 DOI: 10.3390/jcm5110104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic events involve loss of resources, which has consistently been found to be associated with developing stress-related illness such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). OBJECTIVE The purpose of this systematic literature review was to determine if there is evidence for the salutatory effect of resource gain on PTSD, and if there are intervention models that utilize and assess gain in PTSD. DATA SOURCES All relevant online databases were systematically searched using key terms and a method, detailed in Figure 1. RESULTS Of 22 relevant articles, there were three intervention studies, one longitudinal naturalistic study, eleven non-intervention association studies focusing on PTSD, and eight non-intervention association studies not focusing on PTSD. The intervention and naturalistic studies showed a significant positive effect on PTSD by specifically targeting the gain of resources during an intervention. Other non-intervention research supports the notion that resource loss is pathogenic and resource gain is beneficial after traumatic exposure. CONCLUSIONS Interventions that develop and assess effects of gain of various types of resources on stress-related illness should be encouraged. Interventions that already have proven efficacy for PTSD might include standardized assessment of resource loss and gain to further understand mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hollifield
- The VA Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Orange, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Andrea Gory
- The VA Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA.
- Graduate Department of Psychology, Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 91702, USA.
| | - Jennifer Siedjak
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Linda Nguyen
- The VA Long Beach Healthcare System, Long Beach, CA 90822, USA.
| | - Lucie Holmgreen
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Stevan Hobfoll
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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An Investigation Into the Relationship Between Long-term Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Coping in Australian Volunteer Firefighters. J Nerv Ment Dis 2016; 204:530-6. [PMID: 27367600 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000000525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between coping style and long-term posttraumatic stress symptoms in an Australian sample of volunteer firefighters 84 months following a bushfire disaster. A total of 277 firefighters completed 4 questionnaires to assess patterns of psychiatric morbidity. A 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted to investigate the effect of time and disorder on coping. Firefighters evidencing distress were more likely to use both problem- and emotion-focused methods of coping. Based on previous research, it was hypothesized that problem-focused coping strategies would be used after 84 months. The use of both problem- and emotion-focused coping may be due to the length of time following this disaster or unique characteristics of firefighters. These data suggest that present coping theories are not sufficient to account for the onset and pattern of psychiatric morbidity within a firefighter sample. The authors declare no conflicts of interest including financial, consultant, institutional, and other relationships that might lead to bias.
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