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Schwandt ML, Cullins E, Ramchandani VA. The role of resilience in the relationship between stress and alcohol. Neurobiol Stress 2024; 31:100644. [PMID: 38827175 PMCID: PMC11140813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2024.100644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress plays a well-documented role in alcohol consumption and the risk for developing alcohol use disorder. The concept of resilience - coping with and successfully adapting to stressful life experiences - has received increasing attention in the field of addiction research in recent decades, and there has been an accumulation of evidence for resilience as a protective factor against problematic alcohol consumption, risk for alcohol use disorder, disorder severity, and relapse. The conceptual and methodological approaches used in the generation of this evidence vary considerably across investigations, however. In light of this, we carried out this review in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the meaning and scope of resilience, what factors contribute to resilience, how it is measured, and how it relates to alcohol-associated phenotypes. Implications for treatment through the use of resilience-building interventions are likewise discussed, as well as implications for future research on the role of resilience in the etiology and clinical outcomes of alcohol use disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie L. Schwandt
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eva Cullins
- Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vijay A. Ramchandani
- Human Psychopharmacology Laboratory, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Özmete E, Pak M. Family Functioning and Community Resilience During the COVID-19 Lockdown Period in Turkey. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 38:437-449. [PMID: 38324376 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2024.2315186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has left families with many adverse effects that can disrupt functioning. The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between family functioning and community resilience during the COVID-19 lockdown. An online survey was conducted with community-dwelling adult people (n= 411) based on quantitative descriptive-correlational research. According to the results, families show dysfunctional trends during the COVID-19 outbreak (%56), especially in affective involvement, problem-solving, and behavior control categories. Community resilience was positively associated with family functioning. Also, income dissatisfaction, use of social services, and social trust were determined as predictors of family functioning in the COVID-19 lockdown. Further research and social work practices in public health to address the family system as a whole should be evaluated and interventions aiming at community resilience should be designed to increase families' functioning during the pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Özmete
- Department of Social Work, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Melike Pak
- Department of Social Work, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Hutagalung SS. Adaptive capacity in the implementation of disaster response village programme in Indonesia: Literature review. JAMBA (POTCHEFSTROOM, SOUTH AFRICA) 2023; 15:1470. [PMID: 37795237 PMCID: PMC10546220 DOI: 10.4102/jamba.v15i1.1470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The disaster-resilient village programme, which aims to develop settlements with the autonomy to adapt and deal with disasters aims to promote disaster awareness. Several questions arise regarding the contribution of the programme to the development of the adaptive capacity of village communities, including: what types of adaptive capacity emerge as a result of the programme's implementation, and what factors promote and inhibit the development of adaptive capacity? This study employs a comprehensive literature review. The initial step is to do a keyword search using Publish or Perish 8.2.3944.8118. This study includes a range of search phrases, including the phrase 'disaster-resilience' and keywords: community resiliency, disaster preparedness and disaster policy. The type of adaptive capacity that emerges from the implementation of the disaster response village programme incorporates the topic of flexibility predominantly, showing that this programme raises a diversity of adaption practices and possibilities in the community. This approach is influenced by the disaster-prone geographical characteristics of Indonesia. Practical gaps exist in the form of evaluating values in the development of similar disaster programmes, while theoretical gaps exist in the form of conceptual identification of cultural characteristics that may occur as a result of efforts to build adaptive ability through the programme. This article examines societal values that are affected by programmes. Contribution This manuscript aims to add to the variety of disaster programme design initiatives requiring community resilience and sustainability. This sociocultural and disaster-related field is pertinent to the scope of this publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon S Hutagalung
- Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Social and Political Science, Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
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Pratiti R. An Ecological Approach to Disaster Mitigation: A Literature Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e45500. [PMID: 37868429 PMCID: PMC10584654 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Disasters, whether natural or manmade, disrupt the functioning of communities, significantly impacting people's lives and health. To build community resilience, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends community preparedness, where multiple stakeholders work together. Disaster Preparedness Science Research (DPSR) similarly encourages the improvement of disaster relief outcomes. This literature review assesses the vulnerability of communities for prioritized intervention, summarizes disaster effects, and suggests the scope for improvement in disaster preparedness (DP). Twenty-one articles were reviewed based on disaster mitigation and economic factors from 90 studies identified through a PubMed search till September 2021. Vulnerable communities with higher hazard risks are identified by vulnerability indices (VI), including the Climate Risk Index, Environmental VI, and Socio-Economic VI. However, VI predicting one disaster may not predict another. Disaster behavioral response involves five phases. Disaster effects include medical, mental, environmental, and economic effects, as well as the unique recovery time from each domain effect. Medical effects include malnutrition, malaria, diarrhea, heat stress, exacerbations of chronic conditions, infectious disease outbreaks, trauma, and death. Mental effects are post-traumatic stress disorders, depression, anxiety, somatic complaints, psychological distress, sleep problems, and suicides. Environmental effects include isolation, migration, injury to family members, life threats, and property damage. Loss of livelihood and property are associated with worse outcomes. Disaster recovery, which is seldom measured and not clearly defined, affects measurement and comparison across settings. A uniform validated VI, including multiple indicators assessing vulnerability to various disasters, is required. Livelihood restoration is integral to mental health recovery in some disaster types. Fund diversification, prioritized to the vulnerable and to each domain effect of disaster in the immediate post-disaster phase, expedites recovery. Later recovery investments focused on helping people rebuild their community enhance psychological outcomes. Promoting job insurance in highly vulnerable labor-based communities with high VI, wherein willing-to-pay is high, could facilitate faster recovery. DPSR should be encouraged.
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Acolin J, Fishman P. Beyond the biomedical, towards the agentic: A paradigm shift for population health science. Soc Sci Med 2023; 326:115950. [PMID: 37148746 PMCID: PMC10154061 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Life expectancy in the United States is decreasing. Health disparities are widening. Growing evidence for and integration of social and structural determinants into theory and practice has not yet improved outcomes. The COVID-19 pandemic reinforced the fact. In this paper, we argue that the biomedical model and its underlying scientific paradigm of causal determinism, which currently dominate population health, cannot meet population health needs. While criticism of the biomedical model is not new, this paper advances the field by going beyond criticism to recognize the need for a paradigm shift. In the first half of the paper, we present a critical analysis of the biomedical model and the paradigm of causal determinism. In the second half, we outline the agentic paradigm and present a structural model of health based on generalizable, group-level processes. We use the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic to illustrate the practical applications of our model. It will be important for future work to investigate the empirical and pragmatic applications of our structural model of population health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Acolin
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Paul Fishman
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Braun-Lewensohn O. Challenges, Opportunities, and Coping in the Wake of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Case of Jewish Communities around the World. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1107. [PMID: 36673863 PMCID: PMC9858932 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, which lasted more than two years and included several waves, the present study focused on Jewish communities around the world, in order to understand the role of community during the pandemic. This study focused on the community mechanisms that helped community members to cope with the pandemic. To that end, between October 2021 and July 2022, in-person interviews were conducted with leaders and members of the following communities: Budapest, Hungary; Subotica, Serbia; Vienna, Austria; Bratislava, Slovakia; Vilna, Lithuania; Buenos Aires, Rosario, Salta, and Ushuaia in Argentina; and Mexico City and Cancun in Mexico. Each interview lasted between 45 min and 1.5 h. All of the interviews were audio-recorded and transcripts of those recordings were prepared. Three major themes emerged from the interviews: challenges, coping, and opportunities. Most of these themes were common to the different communities around the world. The findings of this work are discussed in terms of the concept of sense of community and resiliency theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orna Braun-Lewensohn
- Conflict Management & Resolution Program, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel
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Kawasaki H, Yamasaki S, Yamashita K, Iki T. Exploring mutual support awareness in Japanese communities: A pilot study. Public Health Nurs 2023; 40:105-113. [PMID: 36128933 PMCID: PMC10087162 DOI: 10.1111/phn.13137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to examine life situations and perceptions related to the recognition of mutual support among Japanese people. DESIGN A quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional analysis. SAMPLE Nine hundred and nine participants who provided complete questionnaire responses. MEASUREMENTS As a disaster prevention measure, a community center conducted a "questionnaire survey evaluating the recognition of mutual support and several potentially related factors". In our study, these data from a self-administered questionnaire were used secondarily. RESULTS The perceptions that differed with regard to the sense of mutual support included family structure; satisfaction with support, security, and disaster prevention in the district; being able to ask for help with shopping; closeness of the relationship with one's neighbors; seeing oneself as providing or needing protection; and recognition of existing worries regarding evacuation. In a logistic regression model, the factors predicting the sense of mutual support included being younger than 70 years, being able to ask for help with shopping, and the closeness of the association with one's neighbors. CONCLUSIONS The study identified situations that might predict the sense of mutual support in individuals in Japanese communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Kawasaki
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Satoko Yamasaki
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kotomi Yamashita
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoko Iki
- Faculty of Nursing, Kansai University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Awaji, Japan
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Rijnink A, Blake D, Groot S, Brough C. Accessing needle exchange services in disasters for remote areas of Aotearoa New Zealand. Harm Reduct J 2022; 19:145. [PMID: 36544156 PMCID: PMC9771773 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-022-00709-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Needle Exchange Programme (NEP) mobile outreach services in Aotearoa New Zealand distribute injecting equipment to people who inject drugs (PWID) living in remote regions. In disasters, continued access to such services is imperative for the health and wellbeing of PWID. Disasters can compound existing inequities, particularly in regions characterised by poor or limited infrastructure, smaller populations, and challenging socioeconomic conditions. To gain insight into the barriers that prevent access to NEP harm-reduction services and understand the needs of PWID prior to and during disasters, this study foregrounds the voices of PWID based on the West Coast of the South Island, Aotearoa New Zealand. METHODS This qualitative study applied an interpretive phenomenological analysis approach, where 14 PWID and one key NEP staff member took part in semi-structured interviews. The interviews provided the opportunity for participants to share their experiences and perspectives about accessing sterile drug-injecting equipment during disasters, including the four-week COVID-19 Level 4 lockdown in March 2020. In total five superordinate and 14 subordinate themes were identified from the interveiws. RESULTS This study focuses on four of the key themes that impacted accessibility to NEP services: infrastructural hazards and equipment costs; social capital and practical support from peers and key contact networks; social stigma in public locations, including NEP-based pharmacies and emergency centres; and potential solutions to NEP equipment accessibility as frequently suggested by participants. CONCLUSIONS Access to NEP services is essential during natural hazard and human-generated disasters, as such NEP mobile outreach services and disaster resilience efforts should focus on maintaining service continuity for PWID during adverse times. This study champions a needs-based, stigma free approach to inclusive harm-reduction and emergency management practices for groups with specific needs in a disaster context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Rijnink
- grid.148374.d0000 0001 0696 9806School of Psychology, Massey University, Wellington, Aotearoa New Zealand
| | - Denise Blake
- grid.267827.e0000 0001 2292 3111School of Health, Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, Aotearoa New Zealand
| | - Shiloh Groot
- grid.9654.e0000 0004 0372 3343School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand
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Ceccon C, Moscardino U. Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health and future orientation among young adult asylum seekers in Italy: A mixed-methods study. Transcult Psychiatry 2022; 59:782-796. [PMID: 35549951 PMCID: PMC9111910 DOI: 10.1177/13634615221098306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak caused a worldwide health emergency which disproportionately affected migrants and ethnic minorities. Yet, little is known about the psychosocial effects of the pandemic among refugees and asylum seekers. This study used a convergent parallel mixed-method design to explore knowledge and opinions concerning COVID-19 and the impact of lockdown on perceived mental health and future orientation among 42 young adult asylum seekers residing in northeastern Italy. Participants took part in individual interviews comprising both qualitative and quantitative questions. Qualitative reports were analyzed using thematic content analysis, whereas descriptive statistics and paired sample t-tests were computed on quantitative data. Results indicated that most participants were correctly informed about the nature, origin, and spread of COVID-19, expressed moderate or high satisfaction concerning the clarity of communication about safety measures, and followed them most of the time. Worries about family in the home country, loneliness, fear for own and loved ones' health, and concerns about delays in the asylum application were the most frequently mentioned stressful events. Psychological and physical distress significantly increased, and positive future orientation significantly decreased during the lockdown. However, participants also emphasized the usefulness of instrumental support from social workers and exhibited a resilient attitude characterized by the acceptance of uncertainty, sense of connectedness, and positive outlook. Overall, findings suggest that the current emergency may exacerbate psychological vulnerabilities of asylum seekers due to continued existential uncertainty. Thus, individual and contextual assets should be strengthened to promote psychosocial adjustment and coping resources in the context of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ceccon
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, 9308University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ughetta Moscardino
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, 9308University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Lopez-Tamayo R, Suarez L, Simpson D, Volpe K. The Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Community Violence Exposure on a Sample of Anxious, Treatment-Seeking Children. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2022; 15:1081-1093. [PMID: 36439664 PMCID: PMC9684382 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-022-00447-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Screening for adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can help prevent and reduce adverse outcomes on child development, including increased risk for anxiety disorders. Emerging studies strongly support the inclusion of community-level adversities in ACE screeners to consider diverse contexts and populations. Recent studies suggest that community violence exposure (CVE) may have a distinct impact on youth mental health. Although recent studies have examined the association between ACEs, CVE, and mental health in primary care settings, this association has not been examined on treatment-seeking children in urban mental health settings. The present study employs a mediation model using the PROCESS macro to examine community violence exposure mediating the effect on the association between ACEs and somatic symptoms (SS) on a sample of anxious treatment-seeking children. A total of 98 participants (Mage = 11.7, SD = 3.79, 51.6% males, 54.1% ethnic minority children) who sought services at a specialized anxiety clinic completed self-report measures. Results indicated that exposure to ACEs is associated with endorsement of somatic symptoms as a result of reporting hearing, witnessing, or experiencing CVE. Evidence of mediation was found in a statistically significant indirect effect of ACEs on SS through CREV (Effect = .17, 95% CI = .069-.294). These findings support recent evidence that CVE is a distinct ACE as it contributes to toxic stress similar to individual-level ACEs. The use of a comprehensive ACE screening that includes CVE is warranted, particularly when working with culturally and socioeconomically diverse populations, as it would better capture a broader range of adversities across demographic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Lopez-Tamayo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois USA
| | - Liza Suarez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois USA
| | | | - Kelley Volpe
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois USA
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Neighborhood Association, Peer Communication, and Self-Assistance Behaviors Against Disaster Among Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2022; 17:e210. [PMID: 36017824 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2022.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCIs) are vulnerable in case of disaster, and it is unknown how they can prepare themselves for such events. This study explored factors associated with self-assistance behaviors against disasters. METHODS An internet-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in Japan. The participants were 70 individuals with SCI in a self-help group in Japan. Self-assistance behaviors against disaster were defined in terms of personal network, escape, information, essential items, disaster drill participation, and list registration. After identifying significant variables through binary analyses, logistic regression analysis was conducted to adjust for age and sex. RESULTS Neighborhood association and peer communication significantly predicted list registration (AOR:2.97; 95% CI:1.05 - 8.40; P = 0.04; AOR:2.79, 95% CI:1.00-7.74, P = 0.05). However, no significant factor was found in relation to other self-assistance behaviors against disasters. CONCLUSION Belonging to a neighborhood association and having communication with peers could help individuals with SCI register on a list for assistance during disaster. To promote self-assistance behaviors against disasters, access to neighborhood associations, and opportunities for peer communication should be increased.
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Korin MR, Araya F, Idris MY, Brown H, Claudio L. Community-Based Organizations as Effective Partners in the Battle Against Misinformation. Front Public Health 2022; 10:853736. [PMID: 35372214 PMCID: PMC8964516 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.853736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maya Rom Korin
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Faven Araya
- Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | | | - Humberto Brown
- Arthur Ashe Institute for Urban Health, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Luz Claudio
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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Palliative care for rural growth and wellbeing: identifying perceived barriers and facilitators in access to palliative care in rural Indiana, USA. BMC Palliat Care 2022; 21:25. [PMID: 35183136 PMCID: PMC8857623 DOI: 10.1186/s12904-022-00913-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
With the growing aging population and high prevalence of chronic illnesses, there is an increasing demand for palliative care. In the US state of Indiana, an estimated 6.3 million people are living with one or more chronic illnesses, a large proportion of them reside in rural areas where there is limited access to palliative care leading to major healthcare inequities and disparities. This study aims to identify common barriers and facilitators to access palliative care services in rural areas of Indiana from the perspectives of healthcare providers including clinicians, educators, and community stakeholders. Using a community-based participatory approach, a purposive sample of palliative care providers (n = 15) in rural areas of Indiana was obtained. Penchansky and Thomas (1981) theoretical framework of access was used to guide the study. A semi-structured individual in-depth interview guide was used to collect the data. All the interviews were conducted online, audio-recorded, and transcribed. Barriers to palliative care include: misconceptions about palliative care as an underrecognized specialty; lack of trained palliative care providers; late involvement of inpatient palliative care and community hospice services; inadequate palliative care education and training; financial barriers, attitudes and beliefs around PC; and geographical barriers. Facilitators to palliative care include financial gains supporting palliative care growth, enhanced nurses’ role in identifying patients with palliative care needs and creating awareness and informing the community about palliative care. Robust education and awareness, enhancing advanced practice nurses’ roles, increasing funding and resources are essential to improve the access of palliative care services in the rural communities of Indiana.
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Haseda M, Takagi D, Stickley A, Kondo K, Kondo N. Effectiveness of a community organizing intervention on mortality and its equity among older residents in Japan: A JAGES quasi-experimental study. Health Place 2022; 74:102764. [PMID: 35151182 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Interventions that involve key aspects of community organizing, such as quantitative community assessments and organizational partnership support for the community, may promote residents' health. We evaluated the effectiveness of this form of intervention on mortality and its variability across individual-level household equivalized income tertiles, comparing 52,858 residents aged 65 and above in 12 intervention municipalities to 39,006 residents in nine control municipalities in Japan. During 1,166 days of follow-up, the adjusted hazard ratio for cumulative mortality among men in the intervention municipalities was 0.92 (95% confidence interval: 0.86, 0.99) compared to those in the control group, with similar results being observed across all income levels. Active utilization of data to evaluate communities and building intersectoral partnerships might lower older male residents' mortality risk, regardless of their income status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Haseda
- Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takagi
- Department of Health and Social Behavior, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Andrew Stickley
- Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba, 360-0856, Japan; Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430, Moriokacho, Obu-shi, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Naoki Kondo
- Department of Health Education and Health Sociology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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Jiang N, Ma LH, Cheng JX, Jiang XL. A survey and cause analysis of community resilience in a Chinese city from the perspective of nursing. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2. [PMID: 35030998 PMCID: PMC8760825 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12331-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Community resilience, which fully reflects the ability of communities to resist, absorb, recover or adapt to disasters, has attracted international attention. Nurses are an important force in disaster prevention, relief and postdisaster reconstruction. This study aims to test the current level of community resilience in Dujiangyan city, which was seriously damaged by the Wenchuan earthquake, and analyze the causes. Methods Community data from 952 residents, 574 families, 5 health care institutions and 12 communities in Dujiangyan city were collected by using stratified, cluster, map and systematic sampling methods. A new community resilience evaluation system from the perspective of nursing was used to test individual, family, health care and environmental resilience. Results In Dujiangyan city, average scores were obtained for community resilience (3.93 ± 0.12), individual resilience (4.07 ± 0.64), family resilience (4.07 ± 0.6), health care resilience (3.84 ± 0.33) and community environment resilience (3.69 ± 0.46). Conclusions The urban communities in Dujiangyan city had acceptable resilience, with good family and individual resilience and medium health care and community environment resilience, but environmental resilience had the lowest score. Because conditions and resilience levels varied among the communities, targeted measures should be taken to improve resilience based on population characteristics, management, professional organizations, hardware and software facilities. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-12331-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Jiang
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China.,Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610207, Sichuan, China
| | - L H Ma
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China.,Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610207, Sichuan, China
| | - J X Cheng
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China
| | - X L Jiang
- West China School of Nursing/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610044, Sichuan, China.
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Martin RL, Grant MJ, Kimani S, Midha S, May J, Patell R, Collier E, Furfaro D, Bodine C, Reap L, Shah N, DeLaune J, Brusca S, Olazagasti C, Goyal S, Rubinstein S, Hakim N, Qin S, Browning SL, Sena L, Gilbert J, Davidson M, Lovly CM, Seetharamu N, Rangachari D, Murphy M, Chatwal M, Paschal R, Henry E, Collichio F, Green JR. Forming the Hematology-Oncology Collaborative Videoconferencing (CO-VID) Learning Initiative: Experiential Lessons Learned From a Novel Trainee-Led Multidisciplinary Virtual Learning Platform. JCO Oncol Pract 2022; 18:e36-e46. [PMID: 34242082 PMCID: PMC8758064 DOI: 10.1200/op.20.00960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE COVID-19 challenged medical practice and graduate medical education. Building on previous initiatives, we describe and reflect on the formative process and goals of the Hematology-Oncology Collaborative Videoconferencing Learning Initiative, a trainee-led multi-institutional virtual COVID-19 learning model. METHODS Clinical fellows and faculty from 13 US training institutions developed consensus needs, goals, and objectives, recruited presenters, and generated a multidisciplinary COVID-19 curriculum. Weekly Zoom conferences consisted of two trainee-led instructional segments and a trainee-moderated faculty Q&A panel. Hematology-oncology training program faculty and trainees were the targeted audience. Leadership evaluations consisted of anonymized baseline and concluding mixed methods surveys. Presenter evaluations consisted of session debriefs and two structured focus groups. Conference evaluations consisted of attendance, demographics, and pre- or postmultiple-choice questions on topic learning objectives. RESULTS In 6 weeks, the initiative produced five conferences: antivirals, anticoagulation, pulmonology, provider resilience, and resource scarcity ethics. The average attendance was 100 (range 57-185). Among attendees providing both pre- and postconference data, group-level knowledge appeared to increase: antiviral (n = 46) pre-/postcorrect 82.6%/97.8% and incorrect 10.9%/2.2%, anticoagulation (n = 60) pre-/postcorrect 75%/93.3% and incorrect 15%/6.7%, and pulmonary (n = 21) pre-/postcorrect 66.7%/95.2% and incorrect 33.3%/4.8%. Although pulmonary management comfort appeared to increase, comfort managing of antivirals and anticoagulation was unchanged. At the conclusion of the pilot, leadership trainees reported improved self-confidence organizing multi-institutional collaborations, median (interquartile range) 58.5 (50-64) compared with baseline 34 (26-39), but did not report improved confidence in other educational or leadership skills. CONCLUSION During crisis, trainees built a multi-institutional virtual education platform for the purposes of sharing pandemic experiences and knowledge. Accomplishment of initiative goals was mixed. Lessons learned from the process and goals may improve future disaster educational initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard L. Martin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN,Richard L. Martin III, MD, MPH, Meharry Medical College, Nashville General Hospital, Internal Medicine Department Office, Ste 3148, 1005 Dr DB Todd Jr Blvd, TN 37208; e-mail:
| | - Michael J. Grant
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT
| | - Stephen Kimani
- Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Shonali Midha
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL
| | - Jori May
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Rushad Patell
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Emily Collier
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT
| | - David Furfaro
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Charles Bodine
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Leo Reap
- Department of Medicine, Ascension Providence Hospital, Detroit, MI
| | - Nikesh Shah
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL
| | - Jess DeLaune
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Samuel Brusca
- National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD
| | - Coral Olazagasti
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra University, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - Shreya Goyal
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra University, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - Samuel Rubinstein
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Nausheen Hakim
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra University, Long Island, NY
| | - Shuai Qin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL
| | - Sabrina L. Browning
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT
| | - Laura Sena
- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jill Gilbert
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Mario Davidson
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Christine M. Lovly
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Nagashree Seetharamu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra University, New Hyde Park, NY
| | - Deepa Rangachari
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Martina Murphy
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Monica Chatwal
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL
| | - Rita Paschal
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Elizabeth Henry
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Education, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL
| | - Frances Collichio
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Jennifer R. Green
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN
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Bopape M, Nemakonde LD, Fourie K. Private companies and community collaboration: Towards building disaster resilience in Diepsloot, Johannesburg, South Africa. JÀMBÁ JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK STUDIES 2021; 13:1003. [PMID: 34917282 PMCID: PMC8661287 DOI: 10.4102/jamba.v13i1.1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The responsibility for building community resilience cannot and should not rest with the public sector alone. It requires all sectors to collaborate for the benefit of the entire community. Specifically, it is important for private sector organisations to participate in building community resilience because they have vested interest in the area because of their physical assets, suppliers, customers and corporate value of social responsibility. This article explores collaboration between private companies and community of Diepsloot, Johannesburg, South Africa, to build disaster resilience in the community. The study applied qualitative research methods. Data were collected through focus group interviews with the community of Diepsloot and semi-structured individual interviews with representatives of private companies operating in the vicinity of Diepsloot. A total of 55 respondents participated in the study. Respondents included five corporate social responsibility (CSR) managers from private companies and 50 community members. The findings of the study showed that private companies are involved in addressing socio-economic challenges in Diepsloot. Addressing such challenges contributes a great deal to reducing exposure to hazards and the vulnerability factors to disasters, thereby contributing to building resilience. Whereas some respondents preferred the private companies to work with the communities directly, the study recommends the use of community structures such as Community Based Organisations (CBOs) when private companies engage in community initiatives. The article contributes to better understanding of the private sector’s contribution to build community resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Modiegi Bopape
- African Centre for Disaster Studies, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Proactive Health Solutions, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Livhuwani D. Nemakonde
- African Centre for Disaster Studies, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Kristel Fourie
- African Centre for Disaster Studies, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Umstattd Meyer MR, Prochnow T, Pickett AC, Perry CK, Bridges Hamilton CN, Abildso CG, Pollack Porter KM. The Effects of Play Streets on Social and Community Connectedness in Rural Communities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:9976. [PMID: 34639278 PMCID: PMC8508026 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18199976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Promoting physical activity (PA) is a long-standing public health initiative to improve overall health and wellbeing. Innovative strategies such as Play Streets, temporary activation of public spaces to provide safe places for active play, are being adopted in urban and rural communities to increase PA among children. As part of these strategies, aspects of social and community connectedness may be strengthened. This study analyzes focus groups and interviews from rural Play Street implementation team members (n = 14) as well as adults (n = 7) and children (n = 25) who attended Play Streets hosted in rural North Carolina, Maryland, Oklahoma, and Texas to better understand the added benefits of Play Streets in community connectedness. Overall, elements of social support and social cohesion are mentioned most frequently with instrumental and conditional support; however, concepts of social capital, collective-efficacy, and social identification are also presented. Participants expressed that Play Streets provided more than just PA; they provided opportunities to access and share resources, build perceptions of safety and trust in the community, and develop relationships with others. Fostering community connection through Play Streets may reduce health inequities in rural communities by building community resilience. Community-based PA programming that enhance and capitalize on community connectedness could be effective ways to improving the overall health and wellbeing of residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Renée Umstattd Meyer
- Department of Public Health, Baylor University Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Waco, TX 78628, USA; (T.P.); (C.N.B.H.)
| | - Tyler Prochnow
- Department of Public Health, Baylor University Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Waco, TX 78628, USA; (T.P.); (C.N.B.H.)
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Andrew C. Pickett
- Division of Kinesiology & Sport Management, School of Education Research Center, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA;
| | - Cynthia K. Perry
- School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA;
| | - Christina N. Bridges Hamilton
- Department of Public Health, Baylor University Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Waco, TX 78628, USA; (T.P.); (C.N.B.H.)
- Department of Public Health & Health Education, SUNY Brockport, Brockport, NY 14420, USA
| | - Christiaan G. Abildso
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV 25606, USA;
| | - Keshia M. Pollack Porter
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE First, to review the principles and practice of disaster psychiatry, in light of recent global events. Second, to identify opportunities for research. METHOD A literature review of the MEDLINE database, UpToDate and the Cochrane Library was conducted. Reference lists were also reviewed. RESULTS Psychiatrists are well-positioned to contribute to positive outcomes at all stages of the disaster response. These contributions derive from their roles as doctors, mental illness specialists and clinical leaders. CONCLUSION A novel framework for the psychiatrist's contributions was proposed. Specific knowledge of disaster psychiatry may be worthwhile, and establishment of a public disaster psychiatry centre is reasonable. Research should further examine the role of tele-psychiatry and pursue a best practice for community and front-line employee psychological preparedness.
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Nicosia FM, Williams SL, Dannenbaum TP, Barnes DE. Resilience in the Face of Disaster: Psychosocial Effects of the 2017 Northern California Wildfires in Caregivers and Persons with Cognitive Impairment Participating in an Integrative Group Movement Program at an Adult Day Center. ACTIVITIES, ADAPTATION & AGING 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01924788.2021.1916716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca M. Nicosia
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sienna L. Williams
- San Francisco VA Healthcare System, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Deborah E. Barnes
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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21
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Morgado AM, Cruz J, Peixoto MM. Individual and community psychological experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic: The state of emergency in Portugal. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 42:3213-3223. [PMID: 33821114 PMCID: PMC8012157 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01676-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Individuals have different ways of coping with crisis. Individual factors, family and contextual features, and community support may influence how individuals feel, think and act during a crisis. COVID-19 was an unexpected pandemic that forced many European countries to take confinement measures and restrict social face to face interactions. This study is an effort to understand how Portuguese residents dealt with the pandemic during the first confinement period, considering different sociodemographic characteristics and trauma exposure perceptions. Five hundred and five adults, between 18 and 79 years old participated in this study via an online self-report assessment protocol. Sociodemographic characteristics such as gender, age, marital status, employment status, and caring responsibilities had an impact on individuals' perceptions regarding their exposure to the pandemic and their quality of life. Perceived exposure to the pandemic was found to predict quality of life in the physical, psychological, and environmental domains. Results have practical implications for European and local policy-making, as well as for targeting psychological interventions for those whose mental health has been negatively affected by the pandemic and for those who may become more affected if confinement measures are implemented again.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Murteira Morgado
- Escola Secundária José Falcão, Avenida Afonso Henriques, 3000-011 Coimbra, Portugal
- grid.410917.a0000 0001 1958 0680Psychology for Positive Development Research Center (CIPD), Universidade Lusíada (Porto), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Joana Cruz
- grid.410917.a0000 0001 1958 0680Psychology for Positive Development Research Center (CIPD), Universidade Lusíada (Porto), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuela Peixoto
- grid.410917.a0000 0001 1958 0680Psychology for Positive Development Research Center (CIPD), Universidade Lusíada (Porto), Lisbon, Portugal
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22
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Wyte-Lake T, Schmitz S, Kornegay RJ, Acevedo F, Dobalian A. Three case studies of community behavioral health support from the US Department of Veterans Affairs after disasters. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:639. [PMID: 33794812 PMCID: PMC8015747 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10650-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Community disaster resilience is comprised of a multitude of factors, including the capacity of citizens to psychologically recover. There is growing recognition of the need for public health departments to prioritize a communitywide mental health response strategy to facilitate access to behavioral health services and reduce potential psychological impacts. Due to the US Department of Veterans Affairs’ (VA) extensive experience providing trauma-informed behavioral healthcare to its Veterans, and the fact that VA Medical Centers (VAMCs) are located throughout the United States, the VA is well situated to be a key partner in local communities’ response plans. In this study we examined the role the VA can play in a community’s behavioral health response using case studies from three disasters. Methods This study investigated experiences of VA employees in critical emergency response positions (N = 17) in communities where disasters occurred between 2017 and 2019. All respondents were interviewed March–July 2019. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews exploring participants’ experiences and knowledge about VA activities provided to communities following the regional disasters. Data were analyzed using thematic and grounded theory coding methods. Results Respondents underscored VA’s primary mission after a disaster was to maintain continuity of care to Veterans. The majority also described the VA supporting community recovery. Specifically, three recent events provided key examples of VA’s involvement in disaster behavioral health response. Each event showed VA’s integration into local response structures was facilitated by pre-existing emergency management and clinical relationships as well as prioritization from VA leadership to engage in humanitarian missions. The behavioral health interventions were provided by behavioral health teams integrated into disaster assistance centers and non-VA hospitals, VA mobile units deployed into the community, and VA telehealth services. Conclusions Recent disasters have revealed that coordinated efforts between multidisciplinary agencies can strengthen communities’ capacity to respond to mental health needs, thereby fostering resilience. Building relationships with local VAMCs can help expedite how VA can be incorporated into emergency management strategies. In considering the strengths community partners can bring to bear, a coordinated disaster mental health response would benefit from involving VA as a partner during planning. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10650-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Wyte-Lake
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Emergency Management Evaluation Center (VEMEC), 16111 Plummer St. MS-152, North Hills, CA, 91343, USA. .,Department of Family Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Susan Schmitz
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Emergency Management Evaluation Center (VEMEC), 16111 Plummer St. MS-152, North Hills, CA, 91343, USA
| | | | - Felix Acevedo
- VA Southern Nevada Healthcare System, 6900 N. Pecos Road, North Las Vegas, NV, 89086, USA
| | - Aram Dobalian
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Emergency Management Evaluation Center (VEMEC), 16111 Plummer St. MS-152, North Hills, CA, 91343, USA.,Division of Health Systems Management and Policy, University of Memphis School of Public Health, Memphis, TN, USA
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Zhang L, Zhao J, Liu J, Chen K. Community Disaster Resilience in the COVID-19 Outbreak: Insights from Shanghai's Experience in China. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 13:3259-3270. [PMID: 33447106 PMCID: PMC7802019 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s283447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Communities are central to the practice of public health emergency preparedness and response. This article mainly focuses on COVID-19 and discusses the formation and structure of community disaster resilience, which is an effective method for coping with such a public health emergency. Methods Based on the management of the COVID-19 outbreak in China, this article uses Shanghai's experience to illustrate how a community disaster resilience was formed for risk management. Resorting to the analytical framework of risk city, principles of community disaster resilience are given. Results Four actions can be recommended based on Shanghai's experience: 1) Applying a vulnerability analysis matrix for targeted risk governance, 2) empowering volunteer groups for emergency response, 3) policy and action for public health emergency prevention, and 4) risk communication for uncertainty-oriented planning. Conclusion Shanghai's experience offers a reference to tackle the COVID-19 at the global level. The COVID-19 outbreak highlights that humans still face various unpredictable health risks in the future. Forming a connection-based resilience at the community level is an effective way to risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Zhang
- School of Public Administration, Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Zhao
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixin Liu
- School of Marxism, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kelin Chen
- Institute of Urban Governance, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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Marenco-Escuderos AD, Ramos-Vidal I, Palacio-Sañudo JE, Rambal-Rivaldo LI. Community Participation and Empowerment in a Post-disaster Environment: Differences Tied to Age and Personal Networks of Social Support. Front Psychol 2020; 11:1802. [PMID: 32849064 PMCID: PMC7399938 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, an attempt was made to identify the level of community social participation according to age, gender, and the structural characteristics of the personal support networks in a population displaced by floods in the Colombian Caribbean. The research was based on a non-experimental methodology with an associative-relational strategy. An intentional non-probabilistic sample of 151 people affected by the winter wave in the south of the Department of Atlántico (Colombia) was selected. In total, the study included 42 males (27.8%) and 109 females (72.2%) participants, with an average age of 37.48 (±14, ranging from 18 to 80) and average relocation time of 21.79 months (±8.22, ranging from 5 to 36). The Arizona Social Support Interview Schedule (ASSIS) and Community Empowerment instruments were responded to with an instrument adapted from the leadership competence factor. The results show lower rates of intermediation in the older population, and the relationship between social participation and gender shows equally cohesive social support networks in men and women. This evidence is discussed to promote psychosocial interventions aimed to increase community engagement and empowerment of people that have experienced non-voluntary mobility processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ignacio Ramos-Vidal
- Departamento de Psicología Social, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.,Grupo de Investigación CAVIDA, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Montería, Colombia
| | | | - Laura Isabel Rambal-Rivaldo
- Grupo de Investigación PSICUS (Psicología, Cultura y Sociedad), Corporación Universitaria Reformada, Barranquilla, Colombia
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Hayes K, Poland B, Cole DC, Agic B. Psychosocial adaptation to climate change in High River, Alberta: implications for policy and practice. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2020; 111:880-889. [PMID: 32720216 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-020-00380-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Psychosocial adaptation to climate change-related events remains understudied. We sought to assess how the psychosocial consequences of a major event were addressed via public health responses (e.g., programs, policies, and practices) that aimed to enhance, protect, and promote mental health. METHODS We report on a study of health and social service responses to the long-term mental health impacts of the 2013 Southern Alberta flood, in High River, Alberta. Qualitative research methods included (i) telephone interviews (n = 14) with key informant health and social services leaders, (ii) four focus group sessions with front-line health and social services workers (n = 14), and (iii) semi-structured interviews with a sample of community members (n = 18) who experienced the flood. We conducted a descriptive thematic analysis, with a focus on participants' perceptions and experiences. RESULTS Findings of this study suggest (1) the long-term psychosocial impacts of extreme weather and climate change require sustained recovery interventions rooted in local knowledge and interdisciplinary action; (2) there are unintended consequences related to psychosocial interventions that can incite complex emotions and impact psychosocial recovery; and (3) perceptions of mental health care, among people exposed to climate-related trauma, can guide climate change and mental health response and recovery interventions. CONCLUSION Based on this initial exploration, policy and practice opportunities for public health to enhance psychosocial adaptation to our changing climate are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Hayes
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Blake Poland
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donald C Cole
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Branka Agic
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Story WT, Tura H, Rubin J, Engidawork B, Ahmed A, Jundi F, Iddosa T, Abrha TH. Social capital and disaster preparedness in Oromia, Ethiopia: An evaluation of the “Women Empowered” approach. Soc Sci Med 2020; 257:111907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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DeMello A, Egan R, Drew J. Resilience-building by community health organizations: a guiding model for practice. J R Soc N Z 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/03036758.2020.1772324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna DeMello
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Richard Egan
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Drew
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Choi H, Cho SM. Posttraumatic stress disorder and complicated grief in bereaved parents of the Sewol Ferry disaster exposed to injustice following the loss. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2020; 66:163-170. [PMID: 31849252 DOI: 10.1177/0020764019894607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perceived justice after man-made disaster bereavement may involve as a protective factor in the recovery process. However, perceived justice related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or complicated grief (CG) after disaster bereavement has not been sufficiently discussed in previous studies. AIMS This study aims to assess PTSD and CG in bereaved parents of Sewol disaster and to explore whether perceived justice is related with the diagnostic groups. METHODS Bereaved parents of Sewol disaster (N = 122) were interviewed approximately 2 years after the incident. Structured interviews for PTSD and CG were assessed, and perceived institutional justice surrounding the incident was measured. Symptom groups were identified, and multinomial logistic regression was conducted to find whether perceived justice was related with PTSD or CG. RESULTS Participants showed high rates of CG and PTSD, and were classified into the both PTSD and CG group, the CG-only group and the resilient group. The analysis revealed that less perceived justice and being a mother increased the likelihood of having both PTSD and CG. Less perceived justice also showed a tendency to be associated with having CG without PTSD. CONCLUSION Parents bereaved by the Sewol disaster had high PTSD and CG related to lower levels of perceived justice surrounding the post-disaster period. Post-disaster environment seeking justice may facilitate the natural grieving process or encourage access to effective individual interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjung Choi
- Department of Psychology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Sun-Mi Cho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
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29
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Management Challenges of Informal Volunteers: The Case of Kermanshah Earthquake in Iran (2017). Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2019; 15:7-14. [PMID: 31875801 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2019.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Two of the 5 great earthquakes have occurred in Iran between 1990 and 2005. Informal volunteers' management is a determinant factor in disaster management. This research was conducted to investigate the management challenges of informal volunteers after the Kermanshah earthquake. METHODS The study is qualitative, done by content analysis. Data were gathered by observation and semi-structured interview. RESULTS Analysis of 12 interviews resulted in 4 main categories (inappropriate dispatch, volunteers' inefficiency, decrease in volunteers' incentive, deficiency of welfare services) and 11 subcategories. DISCUSSION To avoid mistrust and decrease in motivation, proposed actions are: standardize information collection, apply effective communication, create registration networks and accreditation of certificates and expertise, and perform periodic drills. CONCLUSION We recommend the start of extracurricular programs and applying potential volunteers within the preparedness phase, and follow-up at the beginning of the response phase. Decrease of motivation to participate in future events needs to be studied more comprehensively.
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Community Advantage and Individual Self-Efficacy Promote Disaster Preparedness: A Multilevel Model among Persons with Disabilities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16152779. [PMID: 31382596 PMCID: PMC6696247 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16152779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Disaster preparedness initiatives are increasingly focused on building community resilience. Preparedness research has correspondingly shifted its attention to community-level attributes that can support a community’s capacity to respond to and recover from disasters. While research at the community level is integral to building resilience, it may not address the specific barriers and motivators to getting individuals prepared. In particular, people with disabilities are vulnerable to disasters, yet research suggests that they are less likely to engage in preparedness behaviors. Limited research has examined what factors influence their ability to prepare, with no studies examining both the individual and community characteristics that impact these behaviors. Multilevel modeling thus offers a novel contribution that can assess both levels of influence. Using Los Angeles County community survey data from the Public Health Response to Emergent Threats Survey and the Healthy Places Index, we examined how social cognitive and community factors influence the relationship between disability and preparedness. Results from hierarchical linear regression models found that participants with poor health and who possessed activity limitations engaged in fewer preparedness behaviors. Self-efficacy significantly mediated the relationship between self-rated health and disaster preparedness. Living in a community with greater advantages, particularly with more advantaged social and housing attributes, reduced the negative association between poor self-rated health and preparedness. This study highlights the importance of both individual and community factors in influencing people with disabilities to prepare. Policy and programming should therefore be two-fold, both targeting self-efficacy as a proximal influence on preparedness behaviors and also addressing upstream factors related to community advantage that can create opportunities to support behavioral change while bolstering overall community resilience.
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Marsili D, Canepa A, Mossone N, Comba P. Environmental Health Education for Asbestos-Contaminated Communities in Italy: The Casale Monferrato Case Study. Ann Glob Health 2019; 85:84. [PMID: 31225962 PMCID: PMC6634471 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.2491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental health education contributes towards increasing awareness of communities to prevent exposure to hazardous substances. Casale Monferrato, the operating site for the Eternit asbestos-cement factory from 1907 to 1986, is a prioritized asbestos-contaminated site for remediation in Italy. The area is prone to severe asbestos-related diseases. About 50 cases of mesothelioma are diagnosed in Casale Monferrato annually; mesothelioma has been shown to be caused by occupational, environmental and domestic asbestos exposure. OBJECTIVES The goal of this paper is to analyze the Casale Monferrato case study in terms of youth engagement in environmental health education initiatives on asbestos risk and health impact. The paper aims at underlining the lessons learned in order to share the success of this initiative with other communities living in asbestos-contaminated sites in different countries. METHODS Peer education methodology has been used through the Asbestos Classroom to involve teachers, students and other local stakeholders in training activities, in selection of the contents for educational materials and interactive tools, as well as in choosing the presentation process for the aforementioned knowledge sharing instruments. FINDINGS From November 2014 to June 2018, 185 high school students and teachers were trained through the Asbestos Classroom. Through December 2018, they trained 3,241 classroom visitors. The Classroom relies on an inclusive participative process in which young people play a key role in the network of relationships within their community. CONCLUSIONS The paper corroborates the importance of engaging the educational system in communication efforts aimed at fostering collective awareness on environmental risk and health-related impacts for communities living in industrially contaminated sites. Considering the global dimension of the asbestos contamination and disease burden, this experience might be of relevance both in countries that banned asbestos and in those where asbestos is not yet prohibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Marsili
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, IT
- WHO Collaborating Centre on Environmental Health in Contaminated Sites, IT
| | - Adriana Canepa
- Cesare Balbo High School of the Network “ScuoleInsieme”, Casale Monferrato, IT
| | - Nicola Mossone
- Cesare Balbo High School of the Network “ScuoleInsieme”, Casale Monferrato, IT
| | - Pietro Comba
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, IT
- WHO Collaborating Centre on Environmental Health in Contaminated Sites, IT
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Abstract
One hospital's experiences during the Hurricane Harvey disaster are reviewed and detailed using the strategic technique of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis. Three leadership behaviors, adaptability, empowerment, and social justice, are discussed relative to organizational resiliency. This hospital's journey during Hurricane Harvey is analyzed using these leadership behaviors in a detailed strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis format. Key lessons learned from this exercise are presented and are applicable to other disaster situations facing hospital performance.
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Cruz-Jimenez M. Disaster Recovery: Lessons Learned When Information Is Not Readily Available. J Grad Med Educ 2018; 10:385-386. [PMID: 30154965 PMCID: PMC6108373 DOI: 10.4300/jgme-d-18-00100.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Southwick SM, Satodiya R, Pietrzak RH. Disaster Mental Health and Positive Psychology: An Afterward to the Special Issue. J Clin Psychol 2017; 72:1364-1368. [PMID: 27870076 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The articles in this Special Issue are devoted to integrating the fields of disaster mental health and positive psychology. Their focus on resilience building, individual and community preparation, meaning making, and posttraumatic growth represents an important new development in disaster mental health. The overarching goal of this effort is to inform strategies to help both individuals-including children, adolescent, adult disaster survivors, and relief workers-and communities prepare for, respond to, recover from, and possibly even grow stronger in the face of adversity. To achieve this goal, this body of literature suggests that it is important for disaster mental health workers to partner with community leaders, organizations, and the population at large to understand community vulnerabilities, take advantage of existing strengths, and respect cultural factors implicated in disaster recovery. It further suggests that an effective community-based approach to disaster recovery will make psychosocial support and skill-building programs available to large numbers of survivors, which is critical for responding to future national and international disasters. Continued high-quality research that is comprehensive and considers not only relevant psychological, social, cultural, and biological factors but also interrelations between individuals, organizations and communities is needed to advance this relatively new and important direction of the disaster mental health field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Southwick
- Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Veterans Affairs, National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division
| | - Ritvij Satodiya
- Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Veterans Affairs, National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Yale University School of Medicine.,Department of Veterans Affairs, National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Clinical Neurosciences Division
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Cordero-Reyes AM, Palacios I, Ramia D, West R, Valencia M, Ramia N, Egas D, Rodas P, Bahamonde M, Grunauer M. Natural disaster management: experience of an academic institution after a 7.8 magnitude earthquake in Ecuador. Public Health 2017; 144:134-141. [PMID: 28274376 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This case study describes the implementation of an academic institution's disaster management plan. STUDY DESIGN Case study. METHODS USFQ's Medical School developed a six-phase disaster relief plan consisting of: induction, establishing a base camp, crisis management and mental health aid, creation of multidisciplinary teams and multi-agency teams, and reconstruction. Each phase uses a community-oriented approach to foster survivor autonomy and recovery. RESULTS Our methodology facilitated the successful implementation of multidisciplinary interventions to manage the earthquake's aftermath on the personal, community and regional levels, treated and prevented psychological and physical morbidity among survivors and promoted healthy living conditions and independence. CONCLUSIONS A multidisciplinary response team that addresses medical needs, mental health, education, food, nutrition and sanitation is highly effective in contributing to timely, effective relief efforts. The short- and long-term solutions we describe could be applicable to other academic centres' interventions in future disaster scenarios around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Cordero-Reyes
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud COCSA, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador
| | - I Palacios
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud COCSA, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Hospital de los Valles, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Quito, Ecuador
| | - D Ramia
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Hospitalidad, Arte Culinario y Turismo CHAT, Quito, Ecuador
| | - R West
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades COCISOH, Quito, Ecuador
| | - M Valencia
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Politécnico, Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierias, Quito, Ecuador
| | - N Ramia
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades COCISOH, Quito, Ecuador
| | - D Egas
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Politécnico, Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenierias, Quito, Ecuador
| | - P Rodas
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Comunicación y Artes Contemporáneas COCOA, Quito, Ecuador
| | - M Bahamonde
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud COCSA, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador
| | - M Grunauer
- Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud COCSA, Escuela de Medicina, Quito, Ecuador; Hospital de los Valles, Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Quito, Ecuador.
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