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Ben Shlomo S, Priel-Moldovan S, Levy D. Separation-individuation from the community among religious Jewish teens in Israel. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 51:1770-1784. [PMID: 36351039 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We wished to understand the contribution of personal, family, and community factors to the risky behaviors (RBs) of religious Jewish teens in Israel, and whether sense of community belonging mediated the religious estrangement/RB association. A convenience sample comprised 645 adolescents aged 14-19 (420 female/225 male) from Israel's national-religious sector was used in this study. Sociodemographic characteristics, self-esteem, future orientation, degree of religious estrangement, perceived parental acceptance, and sense of community belonging were reported. Being a male, older, and living in a rural community were associated with more RBs, as were higher religious estrangement and less acceptance from the mother. Sense of community was found to partially mediate the religious estrangement/RB association. We extended Blos's conceptualization of adolescence as a second separation-individuation from the parents to include a parallel process of separation-individuation from the community. The results may help in designing interventions for adolescents in religious communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Ben Shlomo
- The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Shlomit Priel-Moldovan
- The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Drorit Levy
- The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Abu-Kaf S, Kalagy T, Portughies N, Braun-Lewensohn O. Job satisfaction and well-being among college-educated Bedouin Arab and ultra-Orthodox women in the Israeli workforce: the roles of individual, familial, communal, and organizational resources. Arch Womens Ment Health 2023; 26:177-189. [PMID: 36971871 PMCID: PMC10040923 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-023-01308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, increasing numbers of Bedouin Arab and ultra-Orthodox women have been integrated into the Israeli labor market. The integration of these women from traditional and minority communities into the general workforce involves significant coping on the practical, social, and emotional levels. This study examined factors that may facilitate the integration of college-educated Bedouin Arab and ultra-Orthodox women in the Israeli labor market. The sample included 304 ultra-Orthodox women and 105 Bedouin Arab women, who were employed in a variety of fields. Participants completed questionnaires designed to collect data on demographics, sense of personal coherence (SOC), family quality of life, sense of community coherence (SOCC), diversity climate, inclusive management, job satisfaction, and well-being. The ultra-Orthodox women reported higher levels of most of the resources; whereas the Bedouin Arab women reported higher levels only of inclusive management. Hierarchical regressions showed that income, SOC, and inclusive management each contributed significantly to job satisfaction. Levels of well-being were explained by SOC, family quality of life, and inclusive management. This study highlights the importance of individual, familial, and organizational resources for the integration into the workforce of female members of minority groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Abu-Kaf
- Conflict Management & Resolution Program, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Tehila Kalagy
- Conflict Management & Resolution Program, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501, Beer Sheva, Israel
- Department of Public Policy and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Nirit Portughies
- Conflict Management & Resolution Program, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Orna Braun-Lewensohn
- Conflict Management & Resolution Program, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 8410501, Beer Sheva, Israel
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3
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Schäfer SK, Sopp MR, Koch M, Göritz AS, Michael T. The long-term buffering effect of sense of coherence on psychopathological symptoms during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective observational study. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 153:236-244. [PMID: 35841820 PMCID: PMC9257329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is a major chronic stressor affecting all societies and almost all individuals. Consequently, research demonstrated a negative impact of COVID-19 on mental health in parts of the general population. However, not all people are affected equally thus making the identification of resilience factors modulating the pandemic's impact on mental health an important research agenda. One of these factors is sense of coherence (SOC), the key component of the salutogenesis framework. The current study aimed at investigating the long-term relationship between SOC and psychopathological symptoms, and the impact of COVID-19-related rumination as its moderator. The prospective observational study assessed psychopathological symptoms and SOC before the COVID-19 outbreak in Germany (February 2020) and at six critical time points during the pandemic in an online panel (n = 1,479). Bivariate latent change score models and latent growth mixture modeling were used to analyze changes in psychopathological symptoms and SOC along with their interaction and to differentiate trajectories of COVID-19-related rumination. A model allowing for unidirectional coupling from SOC to psychopathological symptoms demonstrated best fit. In the total sample, psychopathological symptoms increased significantly over time. Previous SOC predicted later changes in psychopathological symptoms, whereby a stronger SOC was associated with a decrease in symptoms over time. The same pattern of results was evident in the high-rumination (17.2%) but not in the low-rumination group (82.8%). Our findings demonstrate that SOC is an important predictor and modulator of psychopathological symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in those respondents that ruminate about the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Schäfer
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Saarland University, Germany; Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research, Germany.
| | - M Roxanne Sopp
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Saarland University, Germany
| | - Marco Koch
- Department of Differential Psychology and Psychodiagnostics, Saarland University, Germany
| | - Anja S Göritz
- Occupational and Consumer Psychology, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Michael
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Saarland University, Germany
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Ultra-Orthodox Women in the Job Market: What Helps Them to Become Healthy and Satisfied? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138092. [PMID: 35805751 PMCID: PMC9265960 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the mental health and job satisfaction of Ultra-Orthodox women who work in different cultural environments. Data were gathered from 304 Ultra-Orthodox women who belong to various streams in this society and who were recruited by the Midgam research panel. The participants filled out self-reported questionnaires that assessed their family quality of life, community sense of coherence, diversity climate, inclusive leadership, job satisfaction, and mental health. The participants ranged in age between 19 and 64 years (M = 30.86, SD = 8.71); 43.1% worked within the Ultra-Orthodox enclave, while 22.4% worked with both Ultra-Orthodox and secular individuals and 34.5% worked in mainly secular environments. We observed differences and similarities among the three groups of women. Community sense of coherence was weakest among those who worked outside the enclave, while diversity perception and inclusive leadership were highest among that group. In all three groups, family and community were the most important resources for mental health. Both traditional resources (i.e., family and community) and other resources (i.e., perception of diversity climate and inclusive leadership) were important for job satisfaction.
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Socioeconomic status and mental health during the COVID-19 crisis: Are sense of coherence, sense of community coherence and sense of national
coherence predictors for mental health? HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY REPORT 2022. [DOI: 10.5114/hpr.2022.114527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Al-Yateem N, Fakhry R, Saifan AR, Saqan R, Alrimawi I. Assessing sense of coherence as an element of primary-focused health services in schools for children and adolescents with complex health care needs. J Nurs Manag 2021; 30:582-591. [PMID: 34799949 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to clarify if sense of coherence (SOC) could be used as an element of primary-focused health services in schools. BACKGROUND The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is striving to develop a high-quality, primary-focused health care system. School health care services are well established in the UAE but have not yet been fully used to play a key role in this development. METHODS This is a cross-sectional survey study to explore adolescents' SOC and their behavioural, psychosocial and clinical outcomes. RESULTS A total of 408 adolescents participated in this study. Compared with others, adolescents with higher SOC had better adherence to treatment, fewer visits to the school nurse, better self-efficacy, fewer hyperactivity problems, fewer emotional problems, more prosocial behaviours and fewer conduct problems. CONCLUSION Implementing interventions that improve SOC may support improved well-being among adolescents. The findings also support the use of SOC and salutogenesis as a framework to reinforce primary health care services for this population. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Health service managers can utilize SOC as a framework to focus service on illness prevention and health promotion, they should collaborate with education authorities to include more health-related topics as part of school curricula to promote students' SOC and, finally, they should assess and build awareness of SOC and associated tools among school nurses and primary health care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Al-Yateem
- Nursing Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Randa Fakhry
- Nursing Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Roba Saqan
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Intima Alrimawi
- School of Nursing and Health Professions, Trinity Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Kalagy T, Abu-Kaf S, Braun-Lewensohn O. Effective Ways to Encourage Health-Care Practices among Cultural Minorities in Israel during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189563. [PMID: 34574486 PMCID: PMC8467970 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Following the worldwide outbreak of COVID-19, policymakers have been occupied with the questions of whether and how to specially address unique cultural groups coping with the pandemic. This study aimed to evaluate the potential for a culturally tailored approach to the transmission of health messages in a time of crisis among two minority populations within Israeli society: the Ultra-Orthodox population and the Arab population. To that end, 380 individuals from Israeli Ultra-Orthodox society and 360 individuals from Israeli Arab society completed a self-reported questionnaire in early April 2020, in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this study reveal differences between these groups in terms of the effectiveness of different channels for conveying messages and the channels that were preferred, as well as significant relationships between community sense of coherence and the study variables. We found that advocacy and motivation based on values, on the one hand, and recognition of the effectiveness of a culturally tailored approach, on the other, may be the best approach for persuading members of minority populations, who belong to collectivist societies, to comply with epidemic-control instructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehila Kalagy
- Department of Management and Public Policy, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Correspondence:
| | - Sarah Abu-Kaf
- Conflict Management & Resolution Program, Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (S.A.-K.); (O.B.-L.)
| | - Orna Braun-Lewensohn
- Conflict Management & Resolution Program, Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (S.A.-K.); (O.B.-L.)
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Lardier DT, Opara I, Garcia-Reid P, Reid RJ. The Mediating Role of Ethnic Identity and Social Justice Orientation Between Community Civic Participation, Psychological Sense of Community, and Dimensions of Psychological Empowerment Among Adolescents of Color. THE URBAN REVIEW 2021; 53:403-423. [PMID: 34483379 PMCID: PMC8412146 DOI: 10.1007/s11256-020-00573-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There is an emerging interest in studying social action and civic engagement as a part of the developmental process. Studies among youth of color indicate that empowerment has been associated with well-being, a critical perspective, and in combating social oppression. These studies also show that civic involvement and awareness of social justice issues are associated with positive developmental outcomes including empowerment. The range of predictors and outcomes related to empowerment have been insufficiently explored. This study used structural equation modeling path analysis techniques to examine the association community civic participation and psychological sense of community have with intrapersonal and cognitive psychological empowerment, through both ethnic identity and social justice orientation among urban youth of color (N =383; 53.1% Female; 75% Hispanic; 50.6% were 13 and 15 years of age). Findings illustrate that greater community civic participation and psychological sense of community are associated with both intrapersonal and cognitive psychological empowerment, through both ethnic identity and a social justice orientation; however, with some noted variations. Ethnic identity and social justice orientation mediated community civic participation and psychological sense of community and both intrapersonal and cognitive psychological empowerment. Implications put forward for community youth-workers and community programming.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T. Lardier
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, Family and Child Studies Program, College of Education, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Ijeoma Opara
- School of Social Work, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Pauline Garcia-Reid
- Department of Family Science and Human Development, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
| | - Robert J. Reid
- Department of Family Science and Human Development, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
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Abu-Kaf S, Al-Said K, Braun-Lewensohn O. Community coherence and acculturation strategies among refugee adolescents: How do they explain mental-health symptoms? Compr Psychiatry 2021; 106:152227. [PMID: 33639332 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Against the backdrop of 10 years of civil war in Syria, with millions of refugees, this study aimed to explore sense of community coherence and the acculturation strategies of separation and competition as factors that might explain mental-health problems among adolescent Syrian refugees in Greece. METHODS Data were gathered from 173 adolescents aged 13-18 (M = 15.85; SD = 1.49); female adolescents accounted for 60.7% of the sample. Participants filled out a self-reported questionnaire regarding internalizing and externalizing problems, as well as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). They were also asked about their sense of community coherence, their use of different acculturation strategies, and sociodemographic factors (i.e., gender, age, amount of time spent in the camp, and parents' education), as well as contextual factors such as exposure to war events, appraisal of danger, and whether they had received aid from various organizations. RESULTS The female adolescents reported a stronger sense of community coherence and that they had received more aid from organizations than the male adolescents reported receiving. The male adolescents reported more externalizing problems. Exposure and appraisal of danger, as well as sense of community coherence and the use of the acculturation strategies of separation and competition all significantly explained the various mental-health problems. CONCLUSIONS This article underscores the significance of gender, community coherence, and acculturation strategies in the prediction of mental health. It presents the results of this research in the context of the salutogenic and acculturation models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Abu-Kaf
- Conflict Management and Resolution Program, Department of Multidisciplinary Studies, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba 8410501, Israel.
| | - Khaled Al-Said
- Kay Academic College of Education, Beersheba 84536, Israel
| | - Orna Braun-Lewensohn
- Conflict Management and Resolution Program, Department of Multidisciplinary Studies, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba 8410501, Israel
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Bauer GF, Roy M, Bakibinga P, Contu P, Downe S, Eriksson M, Espnes GA, Jensen BB, Juvinya Canal D, Lindström B, Mana A, Mittelmark MB, Morgan AR, Pelikan JM, Saboga-Nunes L, Sagy S, Shorey S, Vaandrager L, Vinje HF. Future directions for the concept of salutogenesis: a position article. Health Promot Int 2020; 35:187-195. [PMID: 31219568 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daz057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aaron Antonovsky advanced the concept of salutogenesis almost four decades ago (Antonovsky, Health, Stress and Coping. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA, 1979; Unravelling the Mystery of Health. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA, 1987). Salutogenesis posits that life experiences shape the sense of coherence (SOC) that helps to mobilize resources to cope with stressors and manage tension successfully (determining one's movement on the health Ease/Dis-ease continuum). Antonovsky considered the three-dimensional SOC (i.e. comprehensibility, manageability, meaningfulness) as the key answer to his question about the origin of health. The field of health promotion has adopted the concept of salutogenesis as reflected in the international Handbook of Salutogenesis (Mittelmark et al., The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Springer, New York, 2016). However, health promotion mostly builds on the more vague, general salutogenic orientation that implies the need to foster resources and capacities to promote health and wellbeing. To strengthen the knowledge base of salutogenesis, the Global Working Group on Salutogenesis (GWG-Sal) of the International Union of Health Promotion and Education produced the Handbook of Salutogenesis. During the creation of the handbook and the regular meetings of the GWG-Sal, the working group identified four key conceptual issues to be advanced: (i) the overall salutogenic model of health; (ii) the SOC concept; (iii) the design of salutogenic interventions and change processes in complex systems; (iv) the application of salutogenesis beyond health sector. For each of these areas, we first highlight Antonovsky's original contribution and then present suggestions for future development. These ideas will help guide GWG-Sal's work to strengthen salutogenesis as a theory base for health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Bauer
- Center of Salutogenesis, Institute of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Prevention, University of Zurich, Hirschengraben 84, 8001 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Roy
- Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - P Bakibinga
- Health Challenges and Systems Research Program, African Population & Health Research Center, PO Box 10787-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - P Contu
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public health, University of Cagliari, Via Università 40, Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy
| | - S Downe
- School of Community Health and Midwifery, University of Central Lancashire, Fylde Rd, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - M Eriksson
- Center of Salutogenesis, University West, 461 86 Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - G A Espnes
- Center for Health Promotion Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - B B Jensen
- Health Promotion, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Vej 6 2820 Gentofte, Denmark
| | - D Juvinya Canal
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Girona, 17004 Girona, Spain
| | - B Lindström
- Center for Health Promotion Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - A Mana
- Peres Academic Center, Israel Martin Springer Center of Conflict Studies, Ben-Gurion University, PO Box 653 Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - M B Mittelmark
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Christiesgt. 13, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - A R Morgan
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK
| | - J M Pelikan
- Institute of Sociology, University of Vienna, A-1090 Wien, Rooseveltplatz 2, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Saboga-Nunes
- Institute of Sociology, University of Education Freiburg, Kunzenweg 21, 79117 Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Sagy
- Peres Academic Center, Israel Martin Springer Center of Conflict Studies, Ben-Gurion University, PO Box 653 Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - S Shorey
- Alice Lee Center for Nursing Studies, Yong Lo Lin School of Medicine, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597
| | - L Vaandrager
- Department of Social Sciences, Health and Society, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - H F Vinje
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Department of Health, Social and Welfare Studies, University College of Southeast Norway, PO Box 235 3603 Kongsberg, Vestfold, Norway
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Pérez-Wilson P, Marcos-Marcos J, Morgan A, Eriksson M, Lindström B, Álvarez-Dardet C. ‘A synergy model of health’: an integration of salutogenesis and the health assets model. Health Promot Int 2020; 36:884-894. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daaa084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
This article proposes to advance the connections between salutogenic theory and assets models for health improvement. There is a need to integrate their use in public health and health promotion so that their respective potentials can be fully developed. This requires their synergies to be made more explicit so that a more coherent approach can be taken to their utilization. A mechanism is therefore needed that helps to raise awareness of them and their value as a resource together. Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological theory provides one framework that can support better integration of salutogenesis with the applied nature of assets-based models. This paper proposes a new ‘synergy model for health’ that integrates key concepts associated with salutogenic theory—generalized and specific resistance resources (GRRs/SRRs) and generalized and specific resistance deficits and the sense of coherence (SOC). In doing so, it highlights those GRRs and SRRs which are assets that, either individually or collectively, help to develop a stronger SOC. Higher levels of SOC can then support the transformations of potential resources into available assets (that people can understand, manage and make sense of), capable of producing positive health development. The proposed ‘Synergy model of health’ aims to contribute to a deeper theoretical understanding of health and development through the integration of the key elements of both salutogenesis and assets models. This can facilitate a better contextualization of the ideas into public health policy and practice by making the salutogenic theory more action-oriented and the assets model more theoretical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Pérez-Wilson
- Health and Family Medicine Program, School of Medicine, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
- Public Health Research Group, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Antony Morgan
- Yunus Centre for Social Business and Health, Glasgow Caledonian University in London, UK
| | - Monica Eriksson
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Bengt Lindström
- Nordic School of Public Health, NHV, Västra Frölunda, Sweden
| | - Carlos Álvarez-Dardet
- Public Health Research Group, University of Alicante, Alicante, Spain
- Public Health and Epidemiology Biomedical Research Network (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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12
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Jeyashree K, Sathiavadivu JS, Suliankatchi A. App-based tracking of smartphone use and its association with perceived stress and sense of coherence among undergraduate medical students in Southern India. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2020; 33:245-251. [PMID: 32549146 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2018-0296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Smartphone use, now a ubiquitous habit among the youth and psychological stress are interestingly juxtaposed. Sense of coherence (SOC) is the ability to comprehend a stressful situation and tackle it positively. This study measured the pattern of smartphone use, perceived stress, SOC and the inter-relationship between them among undergraduate medical students. METHODS Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and SOC-13 scales were used to measure perceived stress and SOC, respectively in 163 medical college students. 'App Usage', a mobile application was used to objectively record smartphone usage. RESULTS Nearly two-thirds (64.4%) were female students. The mean (SD) SOC score was 48.7 (11.1) and the mean (SD) PSS score was 20.7 (6.2). SOC was inversely correlated (r=-0.662, p<0.001) with PSS. The median (IQR) duration of smartphone use was 3.4(1.8, 4.8) hours per day which was not significantly correlated with perceived stress (rho=0.12, p=0.26). Linear regression showed that male students used smartphones for a longer duration than females (p=0.0008), after controlling for confounders. CONCLUSIONS Medical college students use smartphones for an average of 3 to 4 h a day. Students with a better sense of coherence perceive less stress. Initiatives to improve the sense of coherence will help increase their resilience and reduce susceptibility to problematic use of smartphones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathiresan Jeyashree
- Department of Community Medicine, Velammal Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jane S Sathiavadivu
- Department of Community Medicine, Velammal Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - AbdulkaderRizwan Suliankatchi
- Department of Statistics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Abishekapatti, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627012, India.,ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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13
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Lardier DT, Barrios VR, Forenza B, Herr KG, Bergeson C, Suazo CM, Garcia-Reid P, Reid RJ. Contextualizing negative sense of community and disconnection among urban youth of color: "Community…We ain't got that". JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 48:834-848. [PMID: 31821569 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We explore the experiences of urban youth of color, as well as perceptions, of feeling disconnected and having an overall negative sense of community (SOC). Drawing on data from 11 focus groups, youth (N = 59) describe their communities and lived experiences. We document several themes put forward through the lens of SOC and community connection that highlight perceived lack of membership, needs fulfillment, influence, and overall emotional connection to their community. Unpacking youth's perceptions of their community, we suggest that-in the face of such realities-community-based organizations, such as those the youth find themselves in, aid in creating connectedness and help heal youth from the effects of social conditions experienced daily.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Lardier
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, College of Education, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of New Mexico School of Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Veronica R Barrios
- Department of Family Science and Social Work, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
| | - Brad Forenza
- Department of Social Work and Child Advocacy, Center for Child Advocacy and Policy, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey
| | - Kathryn G Herr
- Department of Educational Foundations, College of Education and Human Services, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey
| | - Carrie Bergeson
- Department of Family Science and Human Development, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey
| | - Catherine Michelle Suazo
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, College of Education, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Pauline Garcia-Reid
- Department of Family Science and Human Development, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey
| | - Robert J Reid
- Department of Family Science and Human Development, Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey
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14
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Braun-Lewensohn O, Abu-Kaf S, Al-Said K. Women in Refugee Camps: Which Coping Resources Help Them to Adapt? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16203990. [PMID: 31635399 PMCID: PMC6843964 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16203990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
: The present study aimed to explore the coping resources and mental health of women who have fled Syria to a neighboring European country. To that end, we examined the roles of sociodemographic factors, situational factors, and personal and community sense of coherence (SOC and ComSOC, respectively) in mental-health outcomes. One hundred and eleven refugee women aged 19-70 filled out self-reported questionnaires during August 2018 in a refugee camp in Greece. The questionnaires asked the participants for demographic information (i.e., age, level of education level, and time spent in the camp) and also addressed the situational factors of having received aid from various organizations, appraisal of danger during the war in Syria, and exposure to war experiences, as well as the coping resources of SOC and ComSOC. The results show that time spent in the camp, appraisal of danger, SOC, and ComSOC all play significant roles in predicting the variance of various mental-health outcomes. Together, those factors predict 56% of anxiety, 53% of depression, and 58% of somatization. SOC was also found to mediate the relationships between time spent in the camp and outcome variables, as well as the relationships between the appraisal of danger and the outcome variables. This indicates that SOC is crucial for good adaptation. These results will be discussed in light of the salutogenic theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orna Braun-Lewensohn
- Conflict Management and Resolution Program, Department of Multidisciplinary Studies, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba 8410501, Israel.
| | - Sarah Abu-Kaf
- Conflict Management and Resolution Program, Department of Multidisciplinary Studies, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba 8410501, Israel.
| | - Khaled Al-Said
- Conflict Management and Resolution Program, Department of Multidisciplinary Studies, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba 8410501, Israel.
- Kay Academic College of Education, Beersheba 84536, Israel.
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15
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Braun-Lewensohn O, Kalagy T. Between the Inside and the Outside World: Coping of Ultra-Orthodox Individuals with Their Work Environment After Academic Studies. Community Ment Health J 2019; 55:894-905. [PMID: 30843121 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-019-00392-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study has explored how ultra-Orthodox individuals cope when facing secular norms and values in their work environment. The study was conducted in Israel, where 614 ultra-Orthodox adults answered questions regarding demographic characteristics, identities, openness to the workplace, social environment, Brief Cope, community sense of coherence (CSOC) and Employee Satisfaction Inventory. Individuals in the main sectors of the ultra-Orthodox society reported higher CSOC and stronger religiosity while individuals from the minor sectors reported greater openness to the job's social environment. Demographics, coping strategies and CSOC were significant in explaining job satisfaction. The results will be discussed based on stress and coping theories and on the salutogenic theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orna Braun-Lewensohn
- Conflict Management & Resolution Program, Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, Ben Gurion University, POB 653, Beer Sheva, Israel.
| | - Tehila Kalagy
- Conflict Management & Resolution Program, Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, Ben Gurion University, POB 653, Beer Sheva, Israel
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16
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Shahrabani S, Garyn-Tal S. The impact of prior combat military service on Israeli women's self-efficacy and risk attitudes. WOMENS STUDIES INTERNATIONAL FORUM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wsif.2019.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Lardier DT, Reid RJ, Garcia-Reid P. Validation of the Brief Sense of Community Scale among youth of color from an underserved urban community. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 46:1062-1074. [PMID: 30311964 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Neighborhood sense of community (SOC) is a key construct in the community psychology literature. While the research on neighborhood SOC has progressed significantly, there is a need to further validate the Brief Sense of Community Scale (BSCS) among youth. A critical area of scholarship, therefore, is to examine the factor structure of the BSCS among a cohort of adolescents, particularly from the United States. This study tested the factor structure of the BSCS among a sample of urban youth of color (N = 383) using SPSS AMOS, a structural equation modeling software. After testing the factor structure, we examined the relationships between each of the BSCS subscales and conceptually related variables (e.g., psychological empowerment, relational power, and school importance). Results from this study confirm the first- and second-order factor structure of the BSCS among youth. BSCS and its underlying subscales were both correlated with one another and correlated with the intrapersonal component of psychological empowerment, relational power, and school importance. Our findings have critical implications for the field of community psychology and the development and use of the BSCS among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Lardier
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, The University of New Mexico
| | - Robert J Reid
- Department of Family Science and Human Development, Montclair State University
| | - Pauline Garcia-Reid
- Department of Family Science and Human Development, Montclair State University
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18
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Lardier DT. An examination of ethnic identity as a mediator of the effects of community participation and neighborhood sense of community on psychological empowerment among urban youth of color. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2018; 46:551-566. [PMID: 31682293 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.21958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Empowerment research has made important contributions toward understanding youth development, well-being, and activism; however, it has failed to consider the impact that ethnic identity has on psychological empowerment (PE) and among related empowerment predictors (e.g., community participation and neighborhood sense of community [SOC]). The present study focuses on examining the mediating role of ethnic identity between community participation, neighborhood SOC, and PE. Using structural equation modeling path analysis techniques among a sample of Hispanic and Black youth (N = 1,480) from an underresourced community, this study examines the mediating role of ethnic identity between community participation, neighborhood SOC, and PE. Community participation and neighborhood SOC had a positive direct effect on both ethnic identity and PE. Both community participation and neighborhood SOC also indirectly affected PE through ethnic identity. This study supports the mediating role of ethnic identity and the direct effect of ethnic identity on PE. Results point toward the importance of ethnic identity with PE and in the empowerment process. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Lardier
- Department of Individual, Family, and Community Education, Family and Child Studies Program, University of New Mexico
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