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Caballero-Domínguez CC, Ceballos-Ospino GA, Campo-Arias A. Fatalism, Emotional Regulation, and Suicide Risk in Colombian Adults During the SAR-Cov-2 Disease Epidemic. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2024; 88:1591-1605. [PMID: 34961371 DOI: 10.1177/00302228211066385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The current pandemic of Severe Acute Syndrome (SAR-CoV-2) is a public health problem with implications for mental health. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of suicide risk and its association with fatalism and emotional regulation during SARS-CoV-2 in Colombia's adult population. A cross-sectional study was designed, an online format was used, which evaluated sociodemographic variables, CES-D-SI, the Fatalism Questionnaire against COVID-19, and the Emotional Regulation Scale. 435 Colombian adults participated, aged between 18 and 79 years. A prevalence of suicide risk was found in 5.3%, and it was associated with the interaction between living in rural area and less education (OR = 5.60, 95%CI 1.28-24.53), emotional dysregulation (OR = 3.54, 95%CI 1.77-7.09), and fatalistic beliefs (OR = 3.09, 95%CI 1.53-6.27). 5.3% of the population presented an elevated suicide risk. It was associated with less education, rural areas, fatalistic beliefs, and emotional dysregulation in the Colombian population during mandatory confinement due to SAR-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adalberto Campo-Arias
- Programa de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del del Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia
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Choi Y, Kim HH. Social capital, food insecurity, and health outcomes in the US during the COVID-19 pandemic. Perspect Public Health 2024; 144:39-51. [PMID: 35836405 DOI: 10.1177/17579139221106339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The purpose of this study was first, to investigate the harmful effects of food insufficiency on health outcomes - self-rated health (SRH) and self-assessed depressive symptoms - during the COVID-19 pandemic and, second, to test whether these effects fluctuated across the US in terms of state-level social capital. METHODS Data were drawn from the Census Household Pulse Survey (fielded between April 2020 and February 2021) consisting of community-dwelling American adults (N = 1.5M+). Social capital measures were taken from the 'Social Capital Project' sponsored by the US Congress. We estimated three-level mixed effects models to analyze multiple waves of repeated cross-sectional surveys. RESULTS Post-COVID-19 food insufficiency was significantly negatively associated with SRH and positively associated depression, adjusting for controls including food insufficiency prior to the onset of the pandemic. These relationships were also more pronounced in areas with higher aggregate social capital. CONCLUSIONS The health burdens of the new coronavirus disease have fallen disproportionately on the economically marginalized, as measured by food insufficiency. Contrary to the conventional literature, living in a state with a greater stock of social capital worsened its health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Choi
- Department of Sociology, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - H H Kim
- Department of Sociology, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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Baluku MM. Psychological Capital and Quality of life of Refugees in Uganda During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Serial Mediation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 8:1-24. [PMID: 37361624 PMCID: PMC10000344 DOI: 10.1007/s41042-023-00091-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has in the past two years caused and continues to cause enormous effects on lifestyle, mental health, and quality of life. With no known treatment and vaccination, behavioral control measures became central in controlling the pandemic. However, the intensity of the pandemic and the stringent control measures were immensely stressful. The control measures became an added psychological burden to people living in precarious situations such as refugees in low-income countries. Purpose: Given the benefits of psychological capital, the present study aimed at investigating the role of psychological capital in enhancing the quality of life among refugees in Uganda during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was hypothesized that the effects of psychological capital on quality of life are serially mediated through coping strategies, adherence to COVID-19 control measures, and mental health. Methods: Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire in July and August 2020 after the first lockdown. Participants were 353 South Sudanese and Somali refugees living in Kampala city suburbs and Bidibidi refugee settlement. Findings: Psychological capital was positively associated with approach coping, mental health, and quality of life. However, psychological capital was negatively associated with adherence to COVID-19 control measures. Significant indirect effects of psychological capital on quality of life through approach coping, mental health, and adherence were found. However, serial mediation effects were only substantial via approach coping and mental health. Conclusion: Psychological capital is an important resource in coping with the challenges posed by COVID-19 and maintaining a good level of psychological functioning and quality of life. Preserving and boosting psychological capital is essential in responding to COVID-19 and other related disasters and crises, which are common in vulnerable populations such as refugee communities in low-income countries.
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Ruiz-Villa JO, Ochoa-Orozco SA, Mendoz AG, Castrillón-Spitia JD, Echeverri-Cataño LF, Machado-Alba JE. Prevalence of Anxiety Symptoms Among Health Care Workers in Colombia During the COVID-19 Pandemic. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE PSIQUIATRIA 2023:S0034-7450(23)00004-5. [PMID: 36743425 PMCID: PMC9886656 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety symptoms in a Colombian HCW sample during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out by means of an online survey (May-June 2020). Respondents were HCWs in Colombia reached by a nonprobability sample. Zung's self-rating anxiety scale allowed the estimation of prevalence and classification of anxiety symptoms. RESULTS A total of 568 HCWs answered the questionnaire, 66.0% were women, the mean age was 38.6±11.4 years. 28.9% presented with anxiety symptoms, of whom 9.2% were moderate-severe. Characteristics such as living with relatives at higher risk of mortality from COVID-19 infection (OR:1.90; 95% CI: 1.308-2.762), female sex (OR:2.16; 95% CI: 1.422-3.277), and personal history of psychiatric illness (OR:3.41; 95% CI: 2.08-5.57) were associated with higher levels of anxiety. Access to sufficient personal protective equipment (OR:0.45; 95% CI: 0.318-0.903) and age >40 years (OR:0.53; 95% CI: 0.358-0.789) were associated with lower anxiety levels. CONCLUSIONS Anxious symptoms are common in the population of HCWs faced with patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Different strategies are required to intervene with subgroups at risk of developing higher levels of anxiety during the pandemic.[[[es]]]ResumenObjetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de síntomas de ansiedad en una muestra de personal de salud (PDS) colombianos durante la pandemia por COVID-19-.Métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio de corte transversal, mediante una encuesta en línea (mayo a junio 2020). Los encuestados fueron PDS en Colombia reclutados mediante una muestra no probabilística. La escala de autoevaluación de ansiedad de Zung permitió la estimación de la prevalencia y clasificación de los síntomas de ansiedad. RESULTS Un total de 568 PDS respondieron el cuestionario, 66.0% fueron mujeres, la edad promedio fue 38.6±11.4 años. 28.9% presentaron síntomas de ansiedad, de los cuales 9.2% fueron moderados-severos. Características como vivir con familiares con mayor riesgo de mortalidad por infección por COVID-19 (OR:1.90; 95% IC: 1.308-2.762), sexo femenino (OR:2.16; 95% IC: 1.422-3.277), y la presencia de historia personal de patología psiquiátrica (OR:3.41; 95% IC: 2.08-5.57) se asociaron con mayores niveles de ansiedad. El acceso a elementos de protección personal suficientes (OR:0.45; 95% IC: 0.318-0.903) y las edades >40 años (OR:0.53; 95% IC: 0.358-0.789) se correlacionaron con menores niveles de ansiedad. CONCLUSIONES Los síntomas ansiosos son comunes en la población de PDS enfrentados al cuidado de pacientes durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Diferentes estrategias se requieren para intervenir los subgrupos en riesgo de desarrollar mayores niveles de ansiedad durante la pandemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sergio A Ochoa-Orozco
- Psychiatrist in chief, Grupo de investigación Hospital Mental Universitario de Risaralda (HOMERIS), Pereira, Colombia
| | - Andrés Gaviria Mendoz
- Epidemiologist, Grupo de investigación en Biomedicina, Fundación Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Colombia
- Epidemiologist, Grupo de Investigación en Farmacoepidemiología y Farmacovigilancia, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira-Audifarma S.A, Pereira, Colombia
| | - Juan D Castrillón-Spitia
- Epidemiologist, Grupo de investigación en Biomedicina, Fundación Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Colombia
| | - Luis F Echeverri-Cataño
- General practitioner, Grupo de Investigación en Farmacoepidemiología y Farmacovigilancia. Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira-Audifarma S.A, Pereira, Colombia
| | - Jorge E Machado-Alba
- MD, PhD pharmacology, Grupo de Investigación en Farmacoepidemiología y Farmacovigilancia. Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira-Audifarma S.A, Pereira, Colombia
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Fulkerson G, Thomas A, Ho JM, Zians J, Seale E, McCarthy M, Han S. COVID-19 and Social Capital Loss: The Results of a Campus Outbreak. SOCIAL INDICATORS RESEARCH 2022; 165:867-878. [PMID: 36536615 PMCID: PMC9750053 DOI: 10.1007/s11205-022-03043-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study examines the effects of a COVID-19 outbreak on levels of social capital on a college campus, drawing on survey data collected from students at two colleges-one that experienced an outbreak and one that did not. Social capital is examined as an individual level resource and as a campus level normative tool used to fight collective action problems. We test the hypothesis that the outbreak, as a "shock" to the campus, diminished social capital. We also test hypotheses on gender, race, and ethnicity and social capital, informed by prior research. Our findings suggest that the outbreak did reduce social capital at both the individual and campus levels, though individual social capital had a mitigating effect that increased campus social capital. We find also that gender was significantly linked to campus social capital, while race was predictive of individual level social capital.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jing-Mao Ho
- Utica University, 1600 Burrstone Rd., Utica, NY USA
| | - James Zians
- SUNY Oneonta, 108 Ravine Pkwy, Oneonta, NY 13820 USA
| | | | | | - Sallie Han
- SUNY Oneonta, 108 Ravine Pkwy, Oneonta, NY 13820 USA
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Mieziene B, Emeljanovas A, Novak D, Kawachi I. Social Capital Promotes a Healthier Diet among Young Adults by Reducing Psychological Distress. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235187. [PMID: 36501217 PMCID: PMC9737172 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have revealed the links between social capital and diet. However, the mediating role of psychological distress in this relationship has been understudied. This study aims to identify direct and indirect relationships between social capital and adherence to the Mediterranean diet among Lithuanian young adults and identify the mediating role of psychological distress in this relationship. Data were collected from 1336 young adults, aged 18-36 years; 40.5% were males. MEDAS was used to measure adherence to a healthy diet. Social capital was measured by eight separate items in terms of family support, social support, social cohesion, social trust, communication, collaboration, participation, and distant communication. Kessler's six-item scale was used to assess psychological distress. Higher family support (β = 0.105), higher social participation (β = 0.294), and lower psychological distress (β = 0.073) directly predicted higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Social capital was indirectly related to adherence to the Mediterranean diet, with standardized effect sizes of 0.02-0.04, indicating small effect sizes. Thus, psychological distress mediates the relationship between social capital and a healthy diet. Given that social capital is related to psychological health and both directly and indirectly predicts healthy behavior in young adults, further longitudinal and experimental research is required to measure the effects of the intervention on incorporating, facilitating, encouraging, and implementing measures to strengthen the social connection between people and groups of people within the community, neighborhood, and organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigita Mieziene
- Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Correspondence:
| | - Arunas Emeljanovas
- Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dario Novak
- The Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, 10110 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Gómez-Salgado J, Pomares-Herrera F, Fagundo-Rivera J, Ortega-Moreno M, García-Iglesias JJ, Ruiz-Frutos C. Use of preventive measures, beliefs and information received about COVID-19 and their effects on mental health, in two stages of the pandemic in Colombia. Ann Med 2022; 54:2246-2258. [PMID: 35972560 PMCID: PMC9389929 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2109057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have highlighted the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on both physical and mental health. The aim of this study is to analyse the effects on mental health in two phases of the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2020 and February 2021) in the population of Colombia. METHODS Observational, prospective, cross-sectional study along two periods, April 2020 and February 2021. The sample (N = 1309) was extracted from the Colombian population, only including individuals over the age of 18 and residing in Colombia during the pandemic. The IMPACTCOVID-19 questionnaire was used, previously validated in Spain and cross-culturally adapted to the Colombian population, which included sociodemographic data, use of preventive measures, information received and the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) for psychological distress (PD). Participants had to sign an informed consent before taking part in the investigation. RESULTS A higher level of PD was observed among women (M = 3.99, SD = 3.39) (p < .001), in those who lived without a partner (M = 3.83, SD = 3.47) (p = .036), and in those with a worse perception of health (M = 6.27, SD = 3.51) (p < .001). PD decreased in the second period from M = 3.99 (SD = 3.36) to M = 2.98 (SD = 3.30) (p < .001), coinciding with a higher use of preventive measures, less distress caused by COVID-19 and greater confidence in healthcare professionals and clinical structures. In the second period, the time spent in getting informed decreased, but the sources of information were the same, principally social media and official sources. CONCLUSIONS Better information on the effects and preventive measures to prevent the pandemic improves confidence in the health system and its professionals, reducing the level of PD. There is a need for quality information on social networks and an adaptation of telemedicine to address the pandemic effects on mental health.Key messagesPsychological distress (PD) decreased in February 2021, as compared to April 2020, due to a greater use of preventive measures against COVID-19, and the confidence on the recommendations made by health officials and professionals.Higher PD has been found in women and people who lived without a partner, in line with studies performed in other countries.The accessibility to quality information on the pandemic should be promoted by the Official Health Authorities, thus counteracting data that could be classified as "fake news".
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gómez-Salgado
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.,Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | - Juan Jesús García-Iglesias
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Carlos Ruiz-Frutos
- Department of Sociology, Social Work and Public Health, Faculty of Labour Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.,Safety and Health Postgraduate Programme, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Guayaquil, Ecuador
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Salir Adelante: Social capital and resilience during the Covid-19 pandemic in Argentina. Health Place 2022; 77:102870. [PMID: 35933852 PMCID: PMC9296513 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has stimulated new appraisals of how social cohesion, including neighborhood-level social capital, fosters resilience in the face of crisis. Several studies suggest better health outcomes in neighborhoods with higher level of social capital, in general and during the pandemic. Building on a growing body of research which suggests that those who live in close-knit neighborhoods have fared better during the pandemic, this article analyzes how social capital influences individual and collective perceptions and attitudes about the experiences of the Covid-19 pandemic in Tucumán, Argentina. To assess this question, we used a mixed-methods approach, combining focus groups, semi-structured interviews, and an online survey (n = 701 respondents) conducted in September 2021. We find widespread experiences of resilience in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, in spite of difficult socioeconomic conditions and perceived poor government performance. Results from logistic regression analysis indicate that perceptions of high neighborhood social capital are associated with more positive outcomes in many dimensions, including personal resilience, ability to cope with uncertainty, perceptions of community solidarity, and reported compliance with public health measures. We further argue that conceptualizations of social cohesion need to be adjusted to local or national-level cultural norms to accurately capture the experience of countries of the Global South.
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Mori M, Seko T, Ogawa S. Association of Social Capital and Locus of Control with Perceived Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159415. [PMID: 35954772 PMCID: PMC9367705 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have indicated that social capital and locus of control influence mental health. Accordingly, we investigated the effect of social capital and locus of control on perceived physical and mental health in the general Japanese population during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to conduct a cross-sectional study, in 2021, three thousand citizens were randomly selected from the Chitose City Resident Register according to ten strata of sex and age classes between 30 years and 79 years. Because thirteen persons moved away from the city, the survey was conducted for the remaining 2987 citizens. A total of 1430 citizens (712 males, 718 females) responded to the survey with their written informed consent (response rate, 47.9%). As a result, social capital measured three dimensions, namely social support, social participation, and trust and reciprocity, and internal locus of control was significantly inversely associated with it, but external locus of control was significantly positively associated with impaired physical and mental health in male and female subjects after adjustment of lifestyle habits and lifestyle change affected by the pandemic. Strengthening social capital and internal locus of control, and weakening external locus of control, may improve physical and mental health, even if the pandemic would bring about distress. Further longitudinal study is needed to examine the causal relationship among them.
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Dubovi I, Ruban A, Amit Aharon A. The Role of Science-Based Knowledge on the SARS-CoV-2 Virus in Reducing COVID-19-Induced Anxiety among Nurses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127070. [PMID: 35742317 PMCID: PMC9222709 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 infection has generated not only a risk of morbidity and mortality but also resulted in an enormous psychological impact on healthcare providers and the general public. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and identify the role of protective factors. A two-part cross-sectional study was conducted, by means of an online questionnaire. Part 1 investigated 562 registered nurses, nursing students, and the general public. Participants were assessed for anxiety symptoms with the State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory. A one-way ANCOVA analysis revealed that nurses had the highest level of anxiety compared to the general public and students, with 26% of them reporting severe anxiety. To identify how anxiety can be mitigated, the Part 2 study was focused on registered nurses from Part 1. Multiple regression revealed that a higher level of science-based knowledge of COVID-19 and professional experience were associated with a lower level of anxiety among nurses. The findings suggest that nurses are a vulnerable population prone to anxiety symptoms resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Having a deeper science-based understanding of COVID-19 may protect nurses from anxiety. This study underlines the importance of deep evidence-based knowledge for health providers, which may be generalized to a possible future emergency disaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilana Dubovi
- Nursing Department, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (A.R.); (A.A.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Angela Ruban
- Nursing Department, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (A.R.); (A.A.A.)
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Anat Amit Aharon
- Nursing Department, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (A.R.); (A.A.A.)
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Jahrami HA, Alhaj OA, Humood AM, Alenezi AF, Fekih-Romdhane F, AlRasheed MM, Saif ZQ, Bragazzi NL, Pandi-Perumal SR, BaHammam AS, Vitiello MV. Sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 62:101591. [PMID: 35131664 PMCID: PMC8782754 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the extent of sleep disturbances during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eleven databases and six preprint repositories were searched for the period from November 1, 2019, to July 15, 2021. The DerSimonian and Laird method was used to develop random-effect meta-analyses. Two hundred and fifty studies comprising 493,475 participants from 49 countries were included. During COVID-19, the estimated global prevalence of sleep disturbances was 40.49% [37.56; 43.48%]. Bayesian meta-analysis revealed an odds of 0.68 [0.59; 0.77] which translates to a rate of approximately 41%. This provides reassurance that the estimated rate using classical meta-analysis is robust. Six major populations were identified; the estimated prevalence of sleep problem was 52.39% [41.69; 62.88%] among patients infected with COVID-19, 45.96% [36.90; 55.30%] among children and adolescents, 42.47% [37.95; 47.12%] among healthcare workers, 41.50% [32.98; 50.56%] among special populations with healthcare needs, 41.16% [28.76; 54.79%] among university students, and 36.73% [32.32; 41.38%] among the general population. Sleep disturbances were higher during lockdown compared to no lockdown, 42.49% versus 37.97%. Four in every ten individuals reported a sleep problem during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients infected with the disease, children, and adolescents appeared to be the most affected groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitham A Jahrami
- Ministry of Health, Bahrain; College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain.
| | - Omar A Alhaj
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ali M Humood
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Ahmad F Alenezi
- College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain
| | - Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Psychiatry Department "Ibn Omrane", Tunisia; Tunis El Manar University, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Maha M AlRasheed
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal
- Somnogen Canada Inc., College Street, Toronto, Canada; Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ahmed S BaHammam
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University Sleep Disorders Center, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia; The Strategic Technologies Program of the National Plan for Sciences and Technology and Innovation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael V Vitiello
- Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, and Biobehavioral Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-6560, United States
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M. Fulkerson G, Thomas AR, McCarthy M, Seale E, Han S, Kemmerer K, Zians J. Social capital as mediating factor on COVID-19 induced psychological distress: The case of college students living through an outbreak. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 50:1521-1530. [PMID: 34637531 PMCID: PMC8661523 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This investigation examines the interplay between individual-level social capital, psychological distress, and the effects of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on a college campus. Data were collected from students at two colleges in early 2021. Hypotheses were formed based on prior research on social capital and the COVID pandemic. A structural equation model was constructed to allow the modeling of both latent and observed variables. The Kessler-6 measures were used to create a latent psychological distress variable, which was the dependent variable. Predictor variables include whether the student experienced the outbreak, the student's race and gender, and the level of reported individual social capital (having supportive and rewarding relationships). Our findings suggest that the most robust predictor of reduced psychological distress was individual social capital, which also served as an intermediary between the outbreak and distress. Social capital mediates psychological distress in an outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael McCarthy
- Department of Anthropology and SociologyUtica CollegeUticaNew YorkUSA
| | | | - Sallie Han
- Department of AnthropologySUNY OneontaOneontaNew YorkUSA
| | | | - James Zians
- Department of PsychologySUNY OneontaOneontaNew YorkUSA
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Doménech S, Blancafort‐Alias S, Rojano X, Salvà A, Roqué M, Coll‐Planas L. Subjective psychological impacts during COVID-19 lockdown on older people, risk profiles and coping strategies: Results of an online survey in Spain. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022:10.1002/jcop.22833. [PMID: 35262207 PMCID: PMC9088252 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the psychological impacts of lockdown among older people during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Spain, and identifies risk profiles and adaptative behaviors. A cross-sectional online survey was disseminated by social networks through snowball sampling (April-June 2020). The survey included ad-hoc questions about psychological impacts on subjective cognitive functioning, emotional distress, and loneliness. Open end-questions were coded according to Lazarus and Folkman's coping strategies framework. Of the 2010 respondents, 76% experienced impact in at least one cognitive function (11% reporting severe effects), 78% frequent sadness and 13% frequent loneliness. Age 80+, women and low education increased the risk of loneliness and severe impact in memory and processing speed. Living alone was an additional risk factor for loneliness and sadness. Lockdown is associated with cognitive impacts, emotional distress, and loneliness being risk profiles related to inequality axes. Coping strategies should inform aging policies to prevent psychological impacts during the lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Doménech
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment UABUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Xavier Rojano
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment UABUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Antoni Salvà
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment UABUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Marta Roqué
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment UABUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Laura Coll‐Planas
- Fundació Salut i Envelliment UABUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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Sanabria-Mazo JP, Useche-Aldana B, Ochoa PP, Rojas-Gualdrón DF, Mateo-Canedo C, Carmona-Cervelló M, Crespo-Puig N, Selva-Olid C, Muro A, Méndez-Ulrich JL, Feliu-Soler A, Luciano JV, Sanz A. Social Inequities in the Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown Measures on the Mental Health of a Large Sample of the Colombian Population (PSY-COVID Study). J Clin Med 2021; 10:5297. [PMID: 34830579 PMCID: PMC8619612 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of general population groups particularly vulnerable to the impact of COVID-19 lockdown measures on mental health and the development of healthcare policies are priority challenges in the current and future pandemics. This study aimed to identify the personal and social determinants of the impact of COVID-19 lockdown measures on mental health in a large sample of the Colombian population. In this cross-sectional study, an anonymous online survey was answered by 18,061 participants from the general population residing in Colombia during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak (from 20 May to 20 June 2020). The risk of depression, anxiety, and somatization disorders were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-2), and Somatic Symptom Questionnaire (SSQ-5), respectively. Overall, 35% of participants showed risk of depression, 29% of anxiety, and 31% of somatization. According to the analysis of social determinants of health, the most affected groups were people with low incomes, students, and young adults (18-29 years). Specifically, low-income young females were the most at-risk population group. These findings show how the lockdown measures affected the general population's mental health in Colombia and highlight some social risk factors in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P. Sanabria-Mazo
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 St. Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (C.M.-C.); (M.C.-C.); (N.C.-P.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Pedro P. Ochoa
- Colombian College of Psychologists, Bogota 110221, Colombia; (B.U.-A.); (P.P.O.)
| | | | - Corel Mateo-Canedo
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (C.M.-C.); (M.C.-C.); (N.C.-P.); (A.M.)
| | - Meritxell Carmona-Cervelló
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (C.M.-C.); (M.C.-C.); (N.C.-P.); (A.M.)
| | - Neus Crespo-Puig
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (C.M.-C.); (M.C.-C.); (N.C.-P.); (A.M.)
| | - Clara Selva-Olid
- Studies in Psychology and Educational Sciences, Open University of Catalonia, 08018 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Anna Muro
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (C.M.-C.); (M.C.-C.); (N.C.-P.); (A.M.)
| | - Jorge L. Méndez-Ulrich
- Department of Methods of Research and Diagnosis in Education, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Albert Feliu-Soler
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain;
| | - Juan V. Luciano
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Teaching, Research & Innovation Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 St. Boi de Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain;
| | - Antoni Sanz
- Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (C.M.-C.); (M.C.-C.); (N.C.-P.); (A.M.)
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Alimoradi Z, Broström A, Tsang HW, Griffiths MD, Haghayegh S, Ohayon MM, Lin CY, Pakpour AH. Sleep problems during COVID-19 pandemic and its' association to psychological distress: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 2021; 36:100916. [PMID: 34131640 PMCID: PMC8192091 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emerging novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become one of the leading cause of deaths worldwide in 2020. The present systematic review and meta-analysis estimated the magnitude of sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relationship with psychological distress. METHODS Five academic databases (Scopus, PubMed Central, ProQuest, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Embase) were searched. Observational studies including case-control studies and cross-sectional studies were included if relevant data relationships were reported (i.e., sleep assessed utilizing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index or Insomnia Severity Index). All the studies were English, peer-reviewed papers published between December 2019 and February 2021. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020181644. FINDINGS 168 cross-sectional, four case-control, and five longitudinal design papers comprising 345,270 participants from 39 countries were identified. The corrected pooled estimated prevalence of sleep problems were 31% among healthcare professionals, 18% among the general population, and 57% among COVID-19 patients (all p-values < 0.05). Sleep problems were associated with depression among healthcare professionals, the general population, and COVID-19 patients, with Fisher's Z scores of -0.28, -0.30, and -0.36, respectively. Sleep problems were positively (and moderately) associated with anxiety among healthcare professionals, the general population, and COVID-19 patients, with Fisher's z scores of 0.55, 0.48, and 0.49, respectively. INTERPRETATION Sleep problems appear to have been common during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, sleep problems were found to be associated with higher levels of psychological distress. With the use of effective programs treating sleep problems, psychological distress may be reduced. Vice versa, the use of effective programs treating psychological distress, sleep problems may be reduced. FUNDING The present study received no funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Alimoradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Anders Broström
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hector W.H. Tsang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Mark D. Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Shahab Haghayegh
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maurice M. Ohayon
- Stanford Sleep Epidemiology Research Center (SSERC), School of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University
| | - Amir H. Pakpour
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Department of Nursing, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
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