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Samsonraj RM, Law SF, Chandra A, Pignolo RJ. An unbiased proteomics approach to identify the senescence-associated secretory phenotype of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Bone Rep 2023; 18:101674. [PMID: 36994454 PMCID: PMC10041468 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2023.101674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow can support skeletal tissue repair and regeneration owing to their self-renewing capacity, differentiation ability, and trophic functions. Bone marrow-derived MSCs undergo dramatic changes with aging, including the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) which may largely contribute to age-related changes in bone tissue leading to osteoporosis. A mass spectrometry-based proteomics approach was used to investigate the MSC SASP. Replicative senescence was achieved by exhaustive in vitro sub-cultivation and confirmed by standard proliferation criteria. Conditioned media from non-senescent and senescent MSCs underwent mass spectrometry. Proteomics and bioinformatics analyses enabled the identification of 95 proteins expressed uniquely in senescent MSCs. Protein ontology analysis revealed the enrichment of proteins linked to the extracellular matrix, exosomes, cell adhesion, and calcium ion binding. The proteomic analysis was independently validated by taking ten identified proteins with relevance to bone aging and confirming their increased abundance in conditioned media from replicatively senescent versus non-senescent MSCs (ACTα2, LTF, SOD1, IL-6, LTBP2, PXDN, SERPINE 1, COL1α1, THBS1, OPG). These target proteins were used to further investigate changes in the MSC SASP profile in response to other inducers of senescence, ionizing radiation (IR) and H2O2. Similar secreted protein expression profiles with replicatively senescent cells were seen with H2O2 treatment except for LTF and PXDN, which were increased by IR treatment. With both IR and H2O2 treatment there was a decrease in THBS1. In vivo investigation of these secreted proteins with aging was shown by significant changes in the abundance of OPG, COL1α1, IL-6, ACTα2, SERPINE 1, and THBS1 in the plasma of aged rats. This unbiased, comprehensive analysis of the changes in the MSC secretome with senescence defines the unique protein signature of the SASP in these cells and provides a better understanding of the aging bone microenvironment. Identified the senescence-associated secretory phenotype of mesenchymal stem cells. Investigated protein expression under different senescence induction conditions. Showed significant changes in in vivo abundance of target proteins in aging rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susan F. Law
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Abhishek Chandra
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robert J. Pignolo
- Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Corresponding author at: Robert and Arlene Kogod Professor of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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de Looff M, de Jong S, Kruyt FAE. Multiple Interactions Between Cancer Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment Modulate TRAIL Signaling: Implications for TRAIL Receptor Targeted Therapy. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1530. [PMID: 31333662 PMCID: PMC6617985 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) signaling is far more complex than initially anticipated and can lead to either anti- or protumorigenic effects, hampering the successful clinical use of therapeutic TRAIL receptor agonists. Cell autonomous resistance mechanisms have been identified in addition to paracrine factors that can modulate apoptosis sensitivity. The tumor microenvironment (TME), consisting of cellular and non-cellular components, is a source for multiple signals that are able to modulate TRAIL signaling in tumor and stromal cells. Particularly immune effector cells, also part of the TME, employ the TRAIL/TRAIL-R system whereby cell surface expressed TRAIL can activate apoptosis via TRAIL receptors on tumor cells, which is part of tumor immune surveillance. In this review we aim to dissect the impact of the TME on signaling induced by endogenous and exogenous/therapeutic TRAIL, thereby distinguishing different components of the TME such as immune effector cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and non-hematopoietic stromal cells. In addition, also non-cellular biochemical and biophysical properties of the TME are considered including mechanical stress, acidity, hypoxia, and glucose deprivation. Available literature thus far indicates that tumor-TME interactions are complex and often bidirectional leading to tumor-enhancing or tumor-reducing effects in a tumor model- and tumor type-dependent fashion. Multiple signals originating from different components of the TME simultaneously affect TRAIL receptor signaling. We conclude that in order to unleash the full clinical potential of TRAIL receptor agonists it will be necessary to increase our understanding of the contribution of different TME components on outcome of therapeutic TRAIL receptor activation in order to identify the most critical mechanism responsible for resistance, allowing the design of effective combination treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot de Looff
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Steven de Jong
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Frank A E Kruyt
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Lee J, Lee S, Lee CY, Seo HH, Shin S, Choi JW, Kim SW, Park JC, Lim S, Hwang KC. Adipose-derived stem cell-released osteoprotegerin protects cardiomyocytes from reactive oxygen species-induced cell death. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8:195. [PMID: 28931423 PMCID: PMC5606035 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-017-0647-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The paracrine effect is likely the major mechanism of the adipose-derived stem cell (ASC)-mediated cardioprotective effect. However, the exact composition and nature of ASC-released paracrine factors remain elusive. In the present study, we examined the effect of osteoprotegerin (OPG), a stem cell-released decoy receptor for death ligand, on the survival of cardiomyocytes exposed to oxidative stress. Methods The production of OPG from ASCs under oxidative stress was determined by ELISA and immunohistochemistry. The effects of OPG and the OPG-containing conditioned media of ASCs on the survival of cardiomyocytes were determined using a cell viability assay. Results Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) significantly increased OPG production from ASCs in vitro, and OPG production from the ASCs transplanted into the ischemia–reperfusion-injured heart was also observed. OPG significantly attenuated cardiomyocyte death in vitro. OPG-containing conditioned media of ASCs also significantly protected cardiomyocytes. Delivery of siRNA specific to OPG significantly decreased the OPG production of ASCs, and also offset the protective effect of the conditioned media of ASCs. Conclusions Our study strongly suggests that OPG is one of the prosurvival factors released from ASCs that may contribute to the ASC-mediated cardioprotection and calls for further studies to elucidate detailed underlying mechanisms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-017-0647-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Lee
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seahyung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Chang Youn Lee
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyang-Hee Seo
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunhye Shin
- Department of Integrated Omics for Biomedical Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Won Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea.,Department of Environmental Engineering, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Jong-Chul Park
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.,Cellbiocontrol Laboratory, Department of Medical Engineering, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea.
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, Korea.
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Labovsky V, Martinez LM, Calcagno MDL, Davies KM, García-Rivello H, Wernicke A, Feldman L, Giorello MB, Matas A, Borzone FR, Howard SC, Chasseing NA. Interleukin-6 receptor in spindle-shaped stromal cells, a prognostic determinant of early breast cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:13377-13384. [PMID: 27460086 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5268-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spindle-shaped stromal cells, like carcinoma-associated fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells, influence tumor behavior and can serve as parameters in the clinical diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of early breast cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the clinicopathological significance of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand (TRAIL) receptors (Rs) 2 and 4 (TRAIL-R2 and R4), and interleukin-6 R (IL-6R) in spindle-shaped stromal cells, not associated with the vasculature, as prognostic determinants of early breast cancer patients. Receptors are able to trigger the migratory activity, among other functions, of these stromal cells. We conducted immunohistochemical analysis for the expression of these receptors in spindle-shaped stromal cells, not associated with the vasculature, of primary tumors from early invasive breast cancer patients, and analyzed their association with clinicopathological characteristics. Here, we demonstrate that the elevated levels of TRAIL-R2, TRAIL-R4, and IL-6R in these stromal cells were significantly associated with a higher risk of metastatic occurrence (p = 0.034, 0.026, and 0.006; respectively). Moreover, high expression of TRAIL-R4 was associated with shorter disease-free survival and metastasis-free survival (p = 0.013 and 0.019; respectively). Also, high expression of IL-6R was associated with shorter disease-free survival, metastasis-free survival, and overall survival (p = 0.003, 0.001, and 0.003; respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that IL-6R expression was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival and metastasis-free survival (p = 0.035). This study is the first to demonstrate that high levels of IL-6R expression in spindle-shaped stromal cells, not associated with the vasculature, could be used to identify early breast cancer patients with poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Labovsky
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, CP 1428, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Marcelo Martinez
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, CP 1428, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María de Luján Calcagno
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 954, CP 1113, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Kevin Mauro Davies
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Italiano, Juan Domingo Perón 4190, CP 1181, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hernán García-Rivello
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Italiano, Juan Domingo Perón 4190, CP 1181, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandra Wernicke
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Italiano, Juan Domingo Perón 4190, CP 1181, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leonardo Feldman
- Departamento de Trasplante de Medula Ósea, Fundación Favaloro, Solís 443, CP 1428, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Giorello
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, CP 1428, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ayelén Matas
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, CP 1428, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Raúl Borzone
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, CP 1428, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Scott C Howard
- University of Memphis, 3720 Alumni Ave, 38152, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Norma Alejandra Chasseing
- Laboratorio de Inmunohematología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME) - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490, CP 1428, Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Tisato V, Gonelli A, Voltan R, Secchiero P, Zauli G. Clinical perspectives of TRAIL: insights into central nervous system disorders. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:2017-27. [PMID: 26910728 PMCID: PMC4834097 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2164-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand TRAIL is a member of the TNF superfamily that has been firstly studied and evaluated for its anti-cancer activity, and the insights into its biology have already led to the identification of several TRAIL-based anticancer strategies with strong clinical therapeutic potentials. Nonetheless, the TRAIL system is far more complex and it can lead to a wider range of biological effects other than the ability of inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. By virtue of the different receptors and the different signalling pathways involved, TRAIL plays indeed a role in the regulation of different processes of the innate and adaptive immune system and this feature makes it an intriguing molecule under consideration in the development/progression/treatment of several immunological disorders. In this context, central nervous system represents a peculiar anatomic site where, despite its "status" of immune-privileged site, both innate and adaptive inflammatory responses occur and are involved in several pathological conditions. A number of studies have evaluated the role of TRAIL and of TRAIL-related pathways as pro-inflammatory or protective stimuli, depending on the specific pathological condition, confirming a twofold nature of this molecule. In this light, the aim of this review is to summarize the main preclinical evidences of the potential/involvement of TRAIL molecule and TRAIL pathways for the treatment of central nervous system disorders and the key suggestions coming from their assessment in preclinical models as proof of concept for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Tisato
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Arianna Gonelli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rebecca Voltan
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 66, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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Osteoprotegerin in pregnant adolescents differs by race and is related to infant birth weight z-score. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2014; 2:272-9. [PMID: 25141264 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174411000511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is involved in the regulation of bone turnover, but little is known about this protein during pregnancy or among neonates. We undertook a prospective longitudinal study to identify relationships between OPG, markers of bone turnover and birth outcomes in 155 pregnant adolescents (13-18 years) and their newborns. Maternal blood samples were collected at mid-gestation and at delivery. Cord blood was obtained at delivery. Serum OPG, estradiol and markers of bone formation (osteocalcin) and resorption (N-telopeptide) were assessed in all samples. Placental OPG expression was assessed in placental tissue obtained at delivery. Bone markers and OPG increased significantly from mid-gestation (26.0 ± 3.4 weeks) to delivery (39.3 ± 2.6 weeks). Neonatal OPG was significantly lower, but bone turnover markers were significantly higher than maternal values at mid-gestation and at parturition (P < 0.001). African-American adolescents had higher concentrations of OPG than Caucasian adolescents at mid-gestation (P = 0.01) and delivery (P = 0.04). Gestational age and estradiol were also predictors of maternal OPG at mid-gestation and delivery. OPG concentrations in cord blood were correlated with maternal OPG concentrations and were negatively associated with infant birth weight z-score (P = 0.02) and ponderal index (P = 0.02). In conclusion, maternal OPG concentrations increased across gestation and were significantly higher than neonatal OPG concentrations. Maternal and neonatal OPG concentrations were not associated with markers of bone turnover or placental OPG expression, but neonatal OPG was inversely associated with neonatal anthropometric measures. Additional research is needed to identify roles of OPG during pregnancy.
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Manilay JO, Zouali M. Tight relationships between B lymphocytes and the skeletal system. Trends Mol Med 2014; 20:405-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2014.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Skalska U, Prochorec-Sobieszek M, Kontny E. Osteoblastic potential of infrapatellar fat pad-derived mesenchymal stem cells from rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients. Int J Rheum Dis 2014; 19:577-85. [PMID: 24720504 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the osteoblastic potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) from infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in comparison to osteoarthritis (OA) patients, as well as the influence of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) on osteoblastic ASC differentiation in vitro. METHODS ASCs were isolated from IPFP of RA and OA patients. After expansion, cells were cultured in osteogenic medium with or without TNFα. After 2 weeks, expression of BMP-2, Runx-2, osterix (Osx), collagen 1a1 (Col1a1) and osteopontin (OPN) messenger RNA (mRNA) was assessed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and calcium deposition by alizarin red staining. Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) protein concentrations were measured in culture supernatants using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Both RA- and OA-ASCs cultured in osteogenic medium showed calcium deposition. The expression of Runx2 and OPN mRNA was increased in RA-ASCs. These cells expressed significantly more Osx and OPN than OA-ASCs. TNFα potentiated calcium deposition, up-regulated Runx2 and BMP-2 but down-regulated Col1a1 and OPN expression. In osteogenic cultures DKK-1 concentration was increased but that of OPG decreased, whereas TNFα elevated secretion of both cytokines. CONCLUSION RA-ASCs have comparable or slightly stronger osteogenic potential than OA-ASCs. RA-ASCs seem to be more sensitive to TNFα treatment. TNFα exerts complex effects on ASC osteoblastogenesis, enhances expression of early osteogenic markers and calcium deposition, inhibits expression of mRNA coding for non-mineral bone components and alters ASC secretory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Skalska
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Institute of Rheumatology, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Kontny
- Department of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Institute of Rheumatology, Warsaw, Poland
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Vijayan V, Khandelwal M, Manglani K, Singh RR, Gupta S, Surolia A. Homocysteine alters the osteoprotegerin/RANKL system in the osteoblast to promote bone loss: pivotal role of the redox regulator forkhead O1. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 61:72-84. [PMID: 23500899 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study we determined the molecular mechanisms of how homocysteine differentially affects receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) synthesis in the bone. The results showed that oxidative stress induced by homocysteine deranges insulin-sensitive FOXO1 and MAP kinase signaling cascades to decrease OPG and increase RANKL synthesis in osteoblast cultures. We observed that downregulation of insulin/FOXO1 and p38 MAP kinase signaling mechanisms due to phosphorylation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) was the key event that inhibited OPG synthesis in homocysteine-treated osteoblast cultures. siRNA knockdown experiments confirmed that FOXO1 is integral to OPG and p38 synthesis. Conversely homocysteine increased RANKL synthesis in osteoblasts through c-Jun/JNK MAP kinase signaling mechanisms independent of FOXO1. In the rat bone milieu, high-methionine diet-induced hyperhomocysteinemia lowered FOXO1 and OPG expression and increased synthesis of proresorptive and inflammatory cytokines such as RANKL, M-CSF, IL-1α, IL-1β, G-CSF, GM-CSF, MIP-1α, IFN-γ, IL-17, and TNF-α. Such pathophysiological conditions were exacerbated by ovariectomy. Lowering the serum homocysteine level by a simultaneous supplementation with N-acetylcysteine improved OPG and FOXO1 expression and partially antagonized RANKL and proresorptive cytokine synthesis in the bone milieu. These results emphasize that hyperhomocysteinemia alters the redox regulatory mechanism in the osteoblast by activating PP2A and deranging FOXO1 and MAPK signaling cascades, eventually shifting the OPG:RANKL ratio toward increased osteoclast activity and decreased bone quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viji Vijayan
- Molecular Sciences Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Mayuri Khandelwal
- Molecular Sciences Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Kapil Manglani
- Molecular Sciences Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Rajiv Ranjan Singh
- Molecular Sciences Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sarika Gupta
- Molecular Sciences Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Avadhesha Surolia
- Molecular Sciences Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Karnataka 560 012, India.
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Deftereos S, Giannopoulos G, Kossyvakis C, Raisakis K, Angelidis C, Efremidis M, Panagopoulou V, Kaoukis A, Theodorakis A, Toli K, Zavitsanakis P, Mantas I, Pyrgakis V, Stefanadis C, Cleman MW. Association of post-cardioversion transcardiac concentration gradient of soluble tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (sTRAIL) and inflammatory biomarkers to atrial fibrillation recurrence. Clin Biochem 2013; 46:1020-1025. [PMID: 23481489 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Soluble tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (sTRAIL) has been shown to have both pro- and anti-apoptotic activities and is associated to better prognosis in heart failure. The aim of this study was to determine the transcardiac concentration gradient of sTRAIL and inflammatory biomarkers after AF cardioversion and assess their relation to AF recurrence. DESIGN AND METHODS We measured transcardiac gradients (coronary sinus concentration minus aortic root concentration) of sTRAIL, C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with non-valvular AF after electrical cardioversion. Six-month AF recurrence was the study endpoint. RESULTS There were no differences in sTRAIL and hsCRP concentrations in peripheral venous blood between patients with and without AF recurrence (p=0.066 and 0.149, respectively), while IL-6 was higher in patients with recurrence (p=0.032). Only sTRAIL showed a significant transcardiac gradient [3 pg/mL (IQR 1-4 pg/mL); p=0.01]. sTRAIL gradient was 4 pg/mL (IQR 3-5 pg/mL) in patients without recurrence versus -1 pg/mL (IQR -2-1 pg/mL) in those with recurrence (p<0.001). IL-6 (p=0.281) and hsCRP (p=0.979) aortic concentrations were not significantly different from coronary sinus concentrations. In multivariate analysis, sTRAIL transcardiac gradient (beta -0.81, p=0.004) remained a negative predictor of AF recurrence. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the existence of a significant transcardiac sTRAIL concentration gradient in patients with non-valvular AF, inversely associated to AF recurrence. These results suggest production of sTRAIL by the heart and a protective role against substrate-altering processes in AF-prone atria. This could have implications for TRAIL-targeting therapies currently under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Deftereos
- Department of Cardiology, Athens General Hospital "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Giannopoulos
- Department of Cardiology, Athens General Hospital "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece; Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | | | | | - Christos Angelidis
- Department of Cardiology, Athens General Hospital "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Michalis Efremidis
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, Evangelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Andreas Kaoukis
- Department of Cardiology, Athens General Hospital "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | | | - Konstantina Toli
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Chalkida, Chalkida, Greece
| | | | - Ioannis Mantas
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Chalkida, Chalkida, Greece
| | - Vlasios Pyrgakis
- Department of Cardiology, Athens General Hospital "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Christodoulos Stefanadis
- 1st Department of Cardiology, University of Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael W Cleman
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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