1
|
Sumimoto Y, Harada Y, Yimiti D, Watanabe C, Miyaki S, Adachi N. MicroRNA-26a deficiency attenuates the severity of frozen shoulder in a mouse immobilization model. J Orthop Res 2024. [PMID: 39037550 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The main pathogenesis of the frozen shoulder is thought to be the inflammation of the intra-articular synovium and subsequent fibrosis of the shoulder joint capsule. However, the molecular pathogenesis of the frozen shoulder is still unknown. A class of noncoding RNAs, microRNAs contribute to various diseases including musculoskeletal diseases. MicroRNA-26a (miR-26a) has been reported to be associated with fibrosis in several organs. This study aims to reveal the role of miR-26a on fibrosis in the shoulder capsule using a frozen shoulder model in miR-26a deficient (miR-26a KO) mice. MiR-26a KO and wild-type (WT) mice were investigated using a frozen shoulder model. The range of motion (ROM) of the shoulder, histopathological changes such as synovitis, and fibrosis-related gene expression in the model mice were evaluated to determine the role of miR-26a. In WT mice, both inflammatory cell infiltration and thickening of the inferior shoulder joint capsule were observed after 1 week of immobilization, and this thickening further progressed over the subsequent 6 weeks. However, the immobilized shoulder in miR-26a KO mice consistently exhibited significantly better ROM compared with WT mice at 1 and 6 weeks, and histological changes were significantly less severe. The expression of inflammation- and fibrosis-related genes was decreased in the miR-26a KO mice compared with WT mice at 1 and 6 weeks. Together, miR-26a deficiency attenuated the severity of frozen shoulder in the immobilization model mouse. The present study suggests that miR-26a has the potential to be a target miRNA for therapeutic approach to frozen shoulder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Sumimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yohei Harada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Dilimulati Yimiti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chikara Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shigeru Miyaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Medical Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuo Adachi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Assayag E, Gurt I, Cohen-Kfir E, Stokar J, Zwas DR, Dresner-Pollak R. Cardiac Left Ventricular miRNA-26a Is Downregulated in Ovariectomized Mice, Upregulated upon 17-Beta Estradiol Replacement, and Inversely Correlated with Collagen Type 1 Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5153. [PMID: 38791190 PMCID: PMC11121197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is more prevalent in post- compared to pre-menopausal women. The underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Data in humans is confounded by age and co-morbidities. We investigated the effects of ovariectomy and estrogen replacement on the left ventricular (LV) gene expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic factors involved in HFpEF and putative regulating miRNAs. Nine-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were subjected to ovariectomy (OVX) or SHAM operation. OVX and SHAM groups were sacrificed 1-, 6-, and 12-weeks post-surgery (T1/SHAM; T1/OVX; T6/SHAM; T6/OVX, T12/SHAM). 17β-estradiol (E2) or vehicle (VEH) was then administered to the OVX groups for 6 weeks (T12/OVX/E2; T12/OVX/VEH). Another SHAM group was sacrificed 12-weeks post-surgery. RNA and miRNAs were extracted from the LV apex. An early 3-fold increase in the gene expression of IL-1α, IL-6, Mmp9, Mmp12, Col1α1, and Col3α1 was observed one-week post-surgery in T1/OVX vs. T1/SHAM, but not at later time points. miRNA-26a was lower in T1/OVX vs. T1/SHAM and was inversely correlated with Col1α1 and Col3α1 expression 1-week post-surgery (r = -0.79 p < 0.001; r = -0.6 p = 0.007). miRNAs-26a, 29b, and 133a were significantly higher, while Col1α1, Col3α1, IL-1α, IL-6, Tnfα, Mmp12, and FasL gene expression was significantly lower in E2- compared to vehicle-treated OVX mice. miRNA-26a was inversely correlated with Col3α1 in T12/OVX/ E2 (r = -0.56 p = 0.02). OVX triggered an early increase in the gene expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic factors, highlighting the importance of the early phase post-cessation of ovarian function. E2 replacement therapy, even if it was not immediately initiated after OVX, reversed these unfavorable changes and upregulated cardiac miRNA-26a, previously unknown to be affected by menopausal status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elishai Assayag
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (E.A.); (I.G.); (E.C.-K.)
| | - Irina Gurt
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (E.A.); (I.G.); (E.C.-K.)
| | - Einav Cohen-Kfir
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (E.A.); (I.G.); (E.C.-K.)
| | - Joshua Stokar
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (E.A.); (I.G.); (E.C.-K.)
| | - Donna R. Zwas
- Linda Joy Pollin Cardiovascular Wellness Center for Women, Division of Cardiology, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel;
| | - Rivka Dresner-Pollak
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (E.A.); (I.G.); (E.C.-K.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen W, Wu X, Hu J, Liu X, Guo Z, Wu J, Shao Y, Hao M, Zhang S, Hu W, Wang Y, Zhang M, Zhu M, Wang C, Wu Y, Wang J, Xing D. The translational potential of miR-26 in atherosclerosis and development of agents for its target genes ACC1/2, COL1A1, CPT1A, FBP1, DGAT2, and SMAD7. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:21. [PMID: 38195542 PMCID: PMC10777520 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02119-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. miR-26 is a potential biomarker of atherosclerosis. Standardized diagnostic tests for miR-26 (MIR26-DX) have been developed, but the fastest progress has been in predicting the efficacy of IFN-α therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, phase 3). MiR-26 slows atherosclerosis development by suppressing ACC1/2, ACLY, ACSL3/4, ALDH3A2, ALPL, BMP2, CD36, COL1A1, CPT1A, CTGF, DGAT2, EHHADH, FAS, FBP1, GATA4, GSK3β, G6PC, Gys2, HMGA1, HMGB1, LDLR, LIPC, IL-1β, IL-6, JAG2, KCNJ2, MALT1, β-MHC, NF-κB, PCK1, PLCβ1, PYGL, RUNX2, SCD1, SMAD1/4/5/7, SREBF1, TAB3, TAK1, TCF7L2, and TNF-α expression. Many agents targeting these genes, such as the ACC1/2 inhibitors GS-0976, PF-05221304, and MK-4074; the DGAT2 inhibitors IONIS-DGAT2Rx, PF-06427878, PF-0685571, and PF-07202954; the COL1A1 inhibitor HT-100; the stimulants 68Ga-CBP8 and RCT-01; the CPT1A inhibitors etomoxir, perhexiline, and teglicar; the FBP1 inhibitors CS-917 and MB07803; and the SMAD7 inhibitor mongersen, have been investigated in clinical trials. Interestingly, miR-26 better reduced intima-media thickness (IMT) than PCSK9 or CT-1 knockout. Many PCSK9 inhibitors, including alirocumab, evolocumab, inclisiran, AZD8233, Civi-007, MK-0616, and LIB003, have been investigated in clinical trials. Recombinant CT-1 was also investigated in clinical trials. Therefore, miR-26 is a promising target for agent development. miR-26 promotes foam cell formation by reducing ABCA1 and ARL4C expression. Multiple materials can be used to deliver miR-26, but it is unclear which material is most suitable for mass production and clinical applications. This review focuses on the potential use of miR-26 in treating atherosclerosis to support the development of agents targeting it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Chen
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Jianxia Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhu Guo
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Key Laboratory of Heart Failure Prevention & Treatment of Hengyang, Clinical Medicine Research Center of Arteriosclerotic Disease of Hunan Province, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Yingchun Shao
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Minglu Hao
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Weichao Hu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Yudong Wu
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu X. Promising Therapeutic Treatments for Cardiac Fibrosis: Herbal Plants and Their Extracts. Cardiol Ther 2023; 12:415-443. [PMID: 37247171 PMCID: PMC10423196 DOI: 10.1007/s40119-023-00319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is closely associated with multiple heart diseases, which are a prominent health issue in the global world. Neurohormones and cytokines play indispensable roles in cardiac fibrosis. Many signaling pathways participate in cardiac fibrosis as well. Cardiac fibrosis is due to impaired degradation of collagen and impaired fibroblast activation, and collagen accumulation results in increasing heart stiffness and inharmonious activity, leading to structure alterations and finally cardiac function decline. Herbal plants have been applied in traditional medicines for thousands of years. Because of their naturality, they have attracted much attention for use in resisting cardiac fibrosis in recent years. This review sheds light on several extracts from herbal plants, which are promising therapeutics for reversing cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salvatori F, D’Aversa E, Serino ML, Singh AV, Secchiero P, Zauli G, Tisato V, Gemmati D. miRNAs Epigenetic Tuning of Wall Remodeling in the Early Phase after Myocardial Infarction: A Novel Epidrug Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13268. [PMID: 37686073 PMCID: PMC10487654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death in Western countries. An early diagnosis decreases subsequent severe complications such as wall remodeling or heart failure and improves treatments and interventions. Novel therapeutic targets have been recognized and, together with the development of direct and indirect epidrugs, the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) yields great expectancy. ncRNAs are a group of RNAs not translated into a product and, among them, microRNAs (miRNAs) are the most investigated subgroup since they are involved in several pathological processes related to MI and post-MI phases such as inflammation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and fibrosis. These processes and pathways are finely tuned by miRNAs via complex mechanisms. We are at the beginning of the investigation and the main paths are still underexplored. In this review, we provide a comprehensive discussion of the recent findings on epigenetic changes involved in the first phases after MI as well as on the role of the several miRNAs. We focused on miRNAs function and on their relationship with key molecules and cells involved in healing processes after an ischemic accident, while also giving insight into the discrepancy between males and females in the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Salvatori
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.S.)
| | - Elisabetta D’Aversa
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.S.)
| | - Maria Luisa Serino
- Centre Haemostasis & Thrombosis, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Ajay Vikram Singh
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.S.)
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Department of Environmental Science and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Veronica Tisato
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.S.)
- LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- University Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Donato Gemmati
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (F.S.)
- Centre Haemostasis & Thrombosis, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- University Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alcalde M, Toro R, Bonet F, Córdoba-Caballero J, Martínez-Barrios E, Ranea JA, Vallverdú-Prats M, Brugada R, Meraviglia V, Bellin M, Sarquella-Brugada G, Campuzano O. Role of MicroRNAs in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: translation as biomarkers into clinical practice. Transl Res 2023:S1931-5244(23)00070-1. [PMID: 37105319 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy is a rare inherited entity, characterized by a progressive fibro-fatty replacement of the myocardium. It leads to malignant arrhythmias and a high risk of sudden cardiac death. Incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity are hallmarks of this arrhythmogenic cardiac disease, where the first manifestation may be syncope and sudden cardiac death, often triggered by physical exercise. Early identification of individuals at risk is crucial to adopt protective and ideally personalized measures to prevent lethal episodes. The genetic analysis identifies deleterious rare variants in nearly 70% of cases, mostly in genes encoding proteins of the desmosome. However, other factors may modulate the phenotype onset and outcome of disease, such as microRNAs. These small noncoding RNAs play a key role in gene expression regulation and the network of cellular processes. In recent years, data focused on the role of microRNAs as potential biomarkers in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy has progressively increased. A better understanding of the functions and interactions of microRNAs will likely have clinical implications. Herein, we propose an exhaustive review of the literature regarding these noncoding RNAs, their versatile mechanisms of gene regulation and present novel targets in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Alcalde
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, University of Girona-IDIBGI, 17190 Girona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Toro
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, 11003 Cadiz Spain; Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz Spain.
| | - Fernando Bonet
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, 11003 Cadiz Spain; Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz Spain
| | - José Córdoba-Caballero
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, 11003 Cadiz Spain; Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cádiz Spain
| | - Estefanía Martínez-Barrios
- Pediatric Arrhythmias, Inherited Cardiac Diseases and Sudden Death Unit, Cardiology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, 08950 Barcelona Spain; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart), 1105 AZ Amsterdam Netherlands; Arrítmies Pediàtriques, Cardiologia Genètica i Mort Sobtada, Malalties Cardiovasculars en el Desenvolupament, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Ranea
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29590 Málaga Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 29029 Madrid Spain
| | - Marta Vallverdú-Prats
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, University of Girona-IDIBGI, 17190 Girona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramon Brugada
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, University of Girona-IDIBGI, 17190 Girona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Medical Science Department, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona Spain; Cardiology Department, Hospital Josep Trueta, 17007 Girona Spain
| | - Viviana Meraviglia
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 Leiden Netherlands
| | - Milena Bellin
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 Leiden Netherlands; Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35122 Padua Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padua Italy
| | - Georgia Sarquella-Brugada
- Pediatric Arrhythmias, Inherited Cardiac Diseases and Sudden Death Unit, Cardiology Department, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, 08950 Barcelona Spain; European Reference Network for Rare, Low Prevalence and Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart), 1105 AZ Amsterdam Netherlands; Arrítmies Pediàtriques, Cardiologia Genètica i Mort Sobtada, Malalties Cardiovasculars en el Desenvolupament, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona Spain; Medical Science Department, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona Spain
| | - Oscar Campuzano
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, University of Girona-IDIBGI, 17190 Girona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red. Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Medical Science Department, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chung YH, Huang GK, Kang CH, Cheng YT, Kao YH, Chien YS. MicroRNA-26a-5p Restoration Ameliorates Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction-Induced Renal Fibrosis In Mice Through Modulating TGF-β Signaling. J Transl Med 2023; 103:100131. [PMID: 36948295 DOI: 10.1016/j.labinv.2023.100131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a hallmark of chronic and progressive renal diseases characterized by excessive fibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix accumulation, and loss of renal function, eventually leading to end-stage renal diseases. MicroRNA-26a-5p downregulation has been previously noted in the sera of unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO)-injured mice, and exosome-mediated miR-26a-5p reportedly attenuated experimental pulmonary and cardiac fibrosis. This study evaluated the expression patterns of miR-26a in human tissue microarray with kidney fibrosis and in tissues from a mouse model of UUO-induced renal fibrosis. Histological analyses showed that miR-26a-5p was downregulated in human and mouse tissues with renal interstitial nephritis and fibrosis. Moreover, miR-26a-5p restoration by intravenous injection of a mimic agent prominently suppressed the expression of TGF-β1 and its cognate receptors, the inflammatory transcription factor NF-κB, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and inflammatory markers in UUO-injured kidney tissues. In vitro miR-26a-5p mimic delivery significantly inhibited TGF-β1-induced activation of cultured rat kidney NRK-49F cells, in terms of downregulation of TGF-β1 receptors, restoration of epithelial marker E-cadherin, and suppression of mesenchymal markers, including vimentin, fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin, as well as TGF-β1/SMAD3 signaling activity. Our findings identified miR-26a-5p downregulation in kidney tissues from human interstitial nephritis and UUO-induced mouse kidney fibrosis. MiR-26a-5p restoration may exhibit an anti-fibrotic effect through the blockade of both TGF-β and NF-κB signaling axes and is considered a novel therapeutic target for treating obstruction-induced renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Hua Chung
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Gong-Kai Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiung Kang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Tso Cheng
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Shu Chien
- Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Okamura A, Yoshioka Y, Saito Y, Ochiya T. Can Extracellular Vesicles as Drug Delivery Systems Be a Game Changer in Cardiac Disease? Pharm Res 2022; 40:889-908. [PMID: 36577860 PMCID: PMC10126064 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03463-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac diseases such as myocardial infarction and heart failure have been the leading cause of death worldwide for more than 20 years, and new treatments continue to be investigated. Heart transplantation, a curative treatment for severe cardiac dysfunction, is available to only a small number of patients due to the rarity of donors and high costs. Cardiac regenerative medicine using embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells is expected to be a new alternative to heart transplantation, but it has problems such as induction of immune response, tumor formation, and low survival rate of transplanted cells. On the other hand, there has been a focus on cell-free therapy using extracellular vesicles (EVs) due to their high biocompatibility and target specificity. Exosomes, one type of EV, play a role in the molecular transport system in vivo and can be considered a drug delivery system (DDS) innate to all living things. Exosomes contain nucleic acids and proteins, which are transported from secretory cells to recipient cells. Molecules in exosomes are encapsulated in a lipid bilayer, which allows them to exist stably in body fluids without being affected by nuclease degradation enzymes. Therefore, the therapeutic use of exosomes as DDSs has been widely explored and is being used in clinical trials and other clinical settings. This review summarizes the current topics of EVs as DDSs in cardiac disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Okamura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshioka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8522, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zheng H, Ji J, Zhao T, Wang E, Zhang A. Exosome‑encapsulated miR‑26a attenuates aldosterone‑induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis by inhibiting the CTGF/SMAD3 signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2022; 51:11. [PMID: 36524378 PMCID: PMC9848436 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is a hallmark in the continuous progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), in which excessive activation of the renin‑angiotensin‑-aldosterone system serves a crucial role. Currently, there are no targeted therapies for the progression of TIF. microRNA (miR)‑26a may be an ideal anti‑fibrosis candidate molecule; however, the effect of miR‑26 on aldosterone (ALD)‑induced TIF remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the role of miR‑26a in ALD‑induced TIF. In the present study, we hypothesized that delivery of miR‑26a by exosomes could attenuate ALD‑induced TIF. miR‑26a expression was downregulated in the kidney of ALD‑induced mice compared with the mice in the sham group. Exosome‑encapsulated miR‑26a (Exo‑miR‑26a) was manufactured and injected into ALD‑treated mice through the tail vein. In vivo experiments showed that Exo‑miR‑26a alleviated the downregulated miR‑26a expression in the kidney, tubular injury and ALD‑induced TIF, which was determined using Masson's trichrome staining and assessment of lipocalin 2, α‑smooth muscle actin, collagen I and fibronectin expression. Moreover, in vitro experiments revealed that Exo‑miR‑26a inhibited epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix deposition in mouse tubular epithelial cells. Mechanistically, overexpressing miR‑26a led to decreased expression levels of connective tissue growth factor by directly binding to its 3'‑UTR and inhibiting the activation of SMAD3. These findings demonstrated that the exosomal delivery of miR‑26a may alleviate ALD‑induced TIF, which may provide new insights into the treatment of CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Aiqing Zhang
- Correspondence to: Dr Aiqing Zhang, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 262 Zhongshan North Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003, P.R. China, E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Gao S, Liu X, Han B, Wang N, Lv X, Guan X, Xu G, Huang J, Shi W, Liu M. Salmonid alphavirus non-structural protein 2 is a key protein that activates the NF-κB signaling pathway to mediate inflammatory responses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 129:182-190. [PMID: 36058437 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Salmonid alphavirus (SAV) infection of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) causes pancreas disease (PD) with typical inflammatory responses, such as necrosis of the exocrine pancreas, cardiomyopathy and skeletal myopathy. However, the pathogenic mechanism underlying SAV infection is still unclear. Inflammation may cause damage to the body, but it is a defense response against infection by pathogenic microorganisms, of which nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is the main regulator. This study revealed that SAV can activate NF-κB, of which the viral nonstructural protein Nsp2 is the major activating protein. SAV activates the NF-κB signaling pathway by simultaneously up-regulating TLR3, 7, 8 and then the expression of the signaling molecule myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88) and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). We found that Nsp2 can induce IκB degradation and p65 phosphorylation and transnucleation, and activate NF-κB downstream inflammatory cytokines. Nsp2 may simultaneously activate NF-κB through TLR3,7,8-dependent signaling pathways. Overexpression of Nsp2 can up-regulate mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) and then promote the expression of IFNa1 and antiviral protein Mx, which inhibits viral replication. This study shows that Nsp2 acts as a key activator protein for the NF-κB signaling pathway, which induces inflammation post-SAV infection. This study systematically analyzes the molecular mechanism of SAV activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, and provides a theoretical basis for revealing the mechanism of innate immune response and inflammatory injury caused by SAV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Lv
- Beijing Aquaculture Technology Extention Station, Beijing, 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueting Guan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Gefeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Biotechnology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, 150070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinshan Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Min Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen S, Zhang C, Shen L, Hu J, Chen X, Yu Y. Noncoding RNAs in cataract formation: star molecules emerge in an endless stream. Pharmacol Res 2022; 184:106417. [PMID: 36038044 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For decades, research on the pathological mechanism of cataracts has usually focused on the abnormal protein changes caused by a series of risk factors. However, an entire class of molecules, termed non-coding RNA (ncRNA), was discovered in recent years and proven to be heavily involved in cataract formation. Recent studies have recognized the key regulatory roles of ncRNAs in cataracts by shaping cellular activities such as proliferation, apoptosis, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This review summarizes our current insight into the biogenesis, properties and functions of ncRNAs and then discusses the development of research on ncRNAs in cataracts. Considering the significant role of ncRNA in cataract formation, research on novel associated regulatory mechanisms is urgently needed, and the development of therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of cataracts seems promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silong Chen
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengshou Zhang
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lifang Shen
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianghua Hu
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Jiande Branch, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 268 Kaixuan Road, China.
| | - Yibo Yu
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fan J, Ren M, He Y. Diagnostic and Therapeutic Properties of Exosomes in Cardiac Fibrosis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:931082. [PMID: 35859903 PMCID: PMC9289295 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.931082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis results from both the differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to myocardial stiffness and reduced compliance of the ventricular wall. The conversion of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is the most important initiating step in the process of this pathological cardiac remodeling. It occurs during the progression of many cardiovascular diseases, adversely influencing both the clinical course and outcome of the disease. The pathogenesis is complex and there is no effective treatment. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that mediate intercellular communication through delivering specific cargoes of functional nucleic acids and proteins derived from particular cell types. Recent studies have found that exosomes play an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac fibrosis, and is a potential biotherapeutics and drug delivery vectors for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis. The present review aimed to summarize the current knowledge of exosome-related mechanisms underlying cardiac fibrosis and to suggest potential therapy that could be used to treat the condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiwen Fan
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Yuquan He
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yuquan He,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fu M, Peng D, Lan T, Wei Y, Wei X. Multifunctional regulatory protein connective tissue growth factor (CTGF): A potential therapeutic target for diverse diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:1740-1760. [PMID: 35847511 PMCID: PMC9279711 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a multifunctional protein of the CCN family, regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and a variety of other biological processes. It is involved in the disease-related pathways such as the Hippo pathway, p53 and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathways and thus contributes to the developments of inflammation, fibrosis, cancer and other diseases as a downstream effector. Therefore, CTGF might be a potential therapeutic target for treating various diseases. In recent years, the research on the potential of CTGF in the treatment of diseases has also been paid more attention. Several drugs targeting CTGF (monoclonal antibodies FG3149 and FG3019) are being assessed by clinical or preclinical trials and have shown promising outcomes. In this review, the cellular events regulated by CTGF, and the relationships between CTGF and pathogenesis of diseases are systematically summarized. In addition, we highlight the current researches, focusing on the preclinical and clinical trials concerned with CTGF as the therapeutic target.
Collapse
|
14
|
Hromadnikova I, Kotlabova K, Krofta L. First-Trimester Screening for Fetal Growth Restriction and Small-for-Gestational-Age Pregnancies without Preeclampsia Using Cardiovascular Disease-Associated MicroRNA Biomarkers. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030718. [PMID: 35327520 PMCID: PMC8945808 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of the study was to determine the early diagnostical potential of cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs for prediction of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) without preeclampsia (PE). The whole peripheral venous blood samples were collected within 10 to 13 weeks of gestation from singleton Caucasian pregnancies within the period November 2012 to March 2020. The case-control retrospective study, nested in a cohort, involved all pregnancies diagnosed with SGA (n = 37) or FGR (n = 82) without PE and 80 appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) pregnancies selected with regard to equality of sample storage time. Gene expression of 29 cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs was assessed using real-time RT-PCR. Upregulation of miR-16-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-181a-5p, and miR-195-5p was observed in SGA or FGR pregnancies at 10.0% false positive rate (FPR). Upregulation of miR-1-3p, miR-20b-5p, miR-126-3p, miR-130b-3p, and miR-499a-5p was observed in SGA pregnancies only at 10.0% FPR. Upregulation of miR-145-5p, miR-342-3p, and miR-574-3p was detected in FGR pregnancies at 10.0% FPR. The combination of four microRNA biomarkers (miR-1-3p, miR-20a-5p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-181a-5p) was able to identify 75.68% SGA pregnancies at 10.0% FPR in early stages of gestation. The detection rate of SGA pregnancies without PE increased 4.67-fold (75.68% vs. 16.22%) when compared with the routine first-trimester screening for PE and/or FGR based on the criteria of the Fetal Medicine Foundation. The combination of seven microRNA biomarkers (miR-16-5p, miR-20a-5p, miR-145-5p, miR-146a-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-342-3p, and miR-574-3p) was able to identify 42.68% FGR pregnancies at 10.0% FPR in early stages of gestation. The detection rate of FGR pregnancies without PE increased 1.52-fold (42.68% vs. 28.05%) when compared with the routine first-trimester screening for PE and/or FGR based on the criteria of the Fetal Medicine Foundation. Cardiovascular disease-associated microRNAs represent promising early biomarkers with very suitable predictive potential for SGA or FGR without PE to be implemented into the routine screening programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Hromadnikova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-296-511-336
| | - Katerina Kotlabova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Cell Pathology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Ladislav Krofta
- Institute for the Care of the Mother and Child, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 147 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Shaukat B, Mehmood MH, Anwar H. Ziziphus Oxyphylla hydro-methanolic extract ameliorates hypertension in L-NAME induced hypertensive rats through NO/cGMP pathway and suppression of oxidative stress related inflammatory biomarkers. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 285:114825. [PMID: 34774683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ziziphus Oxyphylla belongs to family Ziziphus and has been used traditionally in hypertension. It is enriched with quercetin and kaempferol derivatives, catechin and cyclopeptide alkaloids. AIM The current research evaluates the antihypertensive potential of aqueous methanolic extract of Z. oxyphylla (AMEZO) in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (LNAME) induced hypertension in rats. MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY Phytochemical analysis of AMEZO was carried out using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Antihypertensive activities of AMEZO (200 and 400 mg/kg) and Kaempferol were assessed in L-NAME (185 μmol/kg, intraperitoneal) injected hypertensive rats. In normotensive rats, blood pressure was assessed using Power Lab data system. Serum and tissue samples were preserved for estimation of nitric oxide (NO), Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF- α) and oxidative stress markers respectively. mRNA levels of eNOS, ACE, COX-2 and NF-kB genes were assessed through qPCR. RESULTS The HPLC and ESI-MS/MS identified kaempferol, quercetin, catechin, ceanothic acid, zizybernalic acid and oxyphylline F. Chronic administration of AMEZO and kaempferol in L-NAME induced hypertensive rats significantly (p < 0.001) reduced systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure. AMEZO and kaempferol caused meaningfully improved (p < 0.001) serum NO and cGMP levels. AMEZO administration also noticeably decrease the elevated IL-6 and TNF- α concentration in hypertensive animals. Administration of AMEZO and kaempferol also improved oxidative stress markers (MDA, CAT, SOD, GSH). The antihypertensive activity of AMEZO also resulted in upregulation of eNOS and downregulation of ACE. CONCLUSION These data depict that AMEZO and kaempferol showed antihypertensive activity in LNAME induced hypertensive rats possibly mediated through improvement in NO and cGMP levels, modulation of mRNA expression of eNOS, ACE, COX-2 and NF-kB and suppression of oxidative stress related inflammatory markers, proposing a defensive role in cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Shaukat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Malik Hassan Mehmood
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Thakur D, Taliaferro O, Atkinson M, Stoffel R, Guleria RS, Gupta S. Inhibition of nuclear factor κB in the lungs protect bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3481-3490. [PMID: 35083615 PMCID: PMC9174314 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis is a debilitating condition with limited therapeutic avenues. The pathogenicity of pulmonary fibrosis constitutes involvement of cellular proliferation, activation, and transformational changes of fibroblast to myofibroblasts. It is a progressive lung disease and is primarily characterized by aberrant accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins in the lungs with poor prognosis. The inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis is suggested because of release of several cytokines; however, the underlying mechanism remains undefined. A genetic model is the appropriate way to delineate the underlying mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS AND RESULTS In this report, we have used cc-10 promoter based IκBα mutant mice (IKBM, an inhibitor of NF-κB) which were challenged with bleomycin (BLM). Compared to wild-type (WT) mice, the IKBM mice showed significant reduction in several fibrotic, vascular, and inflammatory genes. Moreover, we have identified a new set of dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) by miRNA array analysis in BLM-induced WT mice. Among these miRNAs, let-7a-5p and miR-503-5p were further analyzed. Our data showed that these two miRNAs were upregulated in WT-BLM and were reduced in IKBM-BLM mice. Bioinformatic analyses showed that let-7a-5p and miR-503-5p target for endothelin1 and bone morphogenic receptor 1A (BMPR1A), respectively, and were downregulated in WT-BLM mice indicating a link in pulmonary fibrosis. CONCLUSION We concluded that inhibition of NF-κB and modulation of let-7a-5p and miR-503-5p contribute a pivotal role in pulmonary fibrosis and may be considered as possible therapeutic target for the clinical management of lung fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devaang Thakur
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, 101 Bagby Avenue, Waco, TX, 76706, US
| | - Olivia Taliaferro
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, 101 Bagby Avenue, Waco, TX, 76706, US
| | - Madeleine Atkinson
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, 101 Bagby Avenue, Waco, TX, 76706, US
| | - Ryan Stoffel
- Animal Facility, Baylor University, Baylor University, 101 Bagby Avenue, Waco, TX, 76706, US
| | - Rakeshwar S Guleria
- Biomarkers and Genetics Core, VISN 17 Center of Excellence On Returning War Veterans, 4800 Memorial Drive, Waco, TX, 76711, US.,Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, US
| | - Sudhiranjan Gupta
- Biomarkers and Genetics Core, VISN 17 Center of Excellence On Returning War Veterans, 4800 Memorial Drive, Waco, TX, 76711, US. .,Department of Biology, Baylor University, 101 Bagby Avenue, Waco, TX, 76706, US. .,Animal Facility, Baylor University, Baylor University, 101 Bagby Avenue, Waco, TX, 76706, US.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yin C, Ye Z, Wu J, Huang C, Pan L, Ding H, Zhong L, Guo L, Zou Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Gao P, Jin X, Yan X, Zou Y, Huang R, Gong H. Elevated Wnt2 and Wnt4 activate NF-κB signaling to promote cardiac fibrosis by cooperation of Fzd4/2 and LRP6 following myocardial infarction. EBioMedicine 2021; 74:103745. [PMID: 34911029 PMCID: PMC8669316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI)-induced excessive myocardial fibrosis exaggerates cardiac dysfunction. However, serum Wnt2 or Wnt4 level in AMI patients, and the roles in cardiac fibrosis are largely unkown. Methods AMI and non-AMI patients were enrolled to examine serum Wnt2 and Wnt4 levels by ELISA analysis. The AMI patients were followed-up for one year. MI mouse model was built by ligation of left anterior descending branch (LAD). Findings Serum Wnt2 or Wnt4 level was increased in patients with AMI, and the elevated Wnt2 and Wnt4 were correlated to adverse outcome of these patients. Knockdown of Wnt2 and Wnt4 significantly attenuated myocardial remodeling and cardiac dysfunction following experimental MI. In vitro, hypoxia enhanced the secretion and expression of Wnt2 and Wnt4 in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes (NRCMs) or fibroblasts (NRCFs). Mechanistically, the elevated Wnt2 or Wnt4 activated β-catenin /NF-κB signaling to promote pro-fibrotic effects in cultured NRCFs. In addition, Wnt2 or Wnt4 upregulated the expression of these Wnt co-receptors, frizzled (Fzd) 2, Fzd4 and (ow-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 6 (LRP6). Further analysis revealed that Wnt2 or Wnt4 activated β-catenin /NF-κB by the co-operation of Fzd4 or Fzd2 and LRP6 signaling, respectively. Interpretation Elevated Wnt2 and Wnt4 activate β-catenin/NF-κB signaling to promote cardiac fibrosis by cooperation of Fzd4/2 and LRP6 in fibroblasts, which contributes to adverse outcome of patients with AMI, suggesting that systemic inhibition of Wnt2 and Wnt4 may improve cardiac dysfunction after MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhishuai Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Jian Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chenxing Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Le Pan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Huaiyu Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Lei Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Yan Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Pan Gao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xuejuan Jin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Yan
- Department of Vascular and Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rongchong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Hui Gong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cheng Z, Zhang J, Deng W, Lin S, Li D, Zhu K, Qi Q. Bushen Yijing Decoction (BSYJ) exerts an anti-systemic sclerosis effect via regulating MicroRNA-26a /FLI1 axis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:1212-1225. [PMID: 33843426 PMCID: PMC8806208 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1907128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) refers to a group of autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Bushen Yijing decoction (BSYJ) is used for treating SSc. However, its underlying mechanism remains unknown. The present study aims to investigate potential roles of Friend leukemia integration factor 1 (FLI1) and microRNA in the beneficial effects of BSYJ on SSc. Primary skin fibroblasts were isolated from healthy individuals and SSc patients through tissue-explant technique and validated by immunocytochemistry. mRNA and microRNA levels were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Protein expression was measured by western blotting. MiR-26a mimics or inhibitor were transfected to induce miR-26a overexpression or knockdown in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Histological changes of skin tissues from SSc mouse were evaluated by H&E and Masson trichrome staining. Results showed that FLI1 expression significantly decreased in primary skin fibroblasts of SSc patients. MiR-26a was predicted to target FLI1 untranslated region. Transfection of miR-26 mimics in SSc skin fibroblasts (SFB) leads to decrease in FLI1 expression and increase in collagen I gene expression and fibronectin accumulation. On the other hand, miR-26a knockdown increased FLI1 expression and decreased collagen I and fibronectin expression in SFB. In addition, BSYJ-containing rat serum suppressed miR-26a expression, while it elevated FLI1 expression and inhibited fibronectin and collagen I accumulation in SFB. In the mouse SSc model, BSYJ-containing serum inhibited dermal fibrosis by suppressing miR-26a expression and restoring FLI1 protein levels. Overall, our study demonstrates that BSYJ decoction exerts anti-dermal fibrosis in SSc patients via suppressing miR-26a level and thus to increase FLI1 expression in fibroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanying Deng
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Guangdong, Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaojian Lin
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Donghai Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Qi
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li C, Luo Y, Zhang W, Cai Q, Wu X, Tan Z, Chen R, Chen Z, Wang S, Zhang L. A comparative study on chemical compositions and biological activities of four essential oils: Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, Cinnamomum cassia (L.) Presl, Salvia japonica Thunb. and Rosa rugosa Thunb. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 280:114472. [PMID: 34332066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Essential oils (EOs) are important active ingredients in Chinese herbal medicine. Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, Cinnamomum cassia (L.) Presl, Salvia japonica Thunb., and Rosa rugosa Thunb. are used in local and traditional medicine to treat inflammation-related diseases. While the constituents and bioactivities of EOs of the above four Chinese herbals have been reported previously, but their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities have not been systematically evaluated. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to research the chemical constituents, anti-inflammatory activities, and antioxidant activities of EOs of four Chinese herbal medicines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fresh plant materials were collected both in August 2018. The compositions of EOs were determined by the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. TPA (12-O-tetradecylphophenol-13-acetate)-induced mouse ear model was evaluated the anti-inflammatory activities of EOs. The reduction of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and RelA protein of the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in the signal pathway (P65) were measured. The antioxidant activities of EOs from four plants were determined by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. RESULTS A total of 217 compounds were separated and identified from four EOs, mainly including trans-cinnamylaldehyde (68.75%), citronellal (38.16%), linalool (1.02-33.73%), geraniol (19.39%) and citronellol (17.18%). All four EOs reduced the damage of the ear tissue and had certain anti-inflammatory effects, and the EOs of C. citratus (CyCEOs) and S. japonica (SJEOs) had the best anti-inflammatory activities among others, even better than ibuprofen. The four EOs exhibited different DPPH radical-scavenging activities (IC50, 0.101-1.017%), where most of them were much lower than that of EOs of C. citratus (CiCEOs) (IC50, 0.101%) and EOs of R. rugosa (RREOs) (IC50, 0.142%). CONCLUSIONS The main components determine diverse propertise of these four EOs, our results suggested that four EOs presented anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect via reducing the expression of TNF-a, IL-6, COX-2, and NF-κB p65, which may provide a new approach for development of new anti-inflammatory drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlian Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yijie Luo
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Weicheng Zhang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qiuyang Cai
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xianyi Wu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zekai Tan
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zehao Chen
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shimin Wang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lanyue Zhang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang L, Wang X, Huang C. A narrative review of non-coding RNAs in atrial fibrillation: potential therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1486. [PMID: 34734038 PMCID: PMC8506732 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-4483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective This review summarizes the advances in the study of ncRNAs and atrial remodeling mechanisms to explore potential therapeutic targets and strategies for AF. Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most common arrhythmias, and its morbidity and mortality rates are gradually increasing. Non-coding ribonucleic acid RNAs (ncRNAs) are transcribed from the genome and do not have the ability to be translated into proteins. A growing body of evidence has shown ncRNAs are extensively involved in the pathophysiological processes underlying AF. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of these associations have not been fully elucidated. Atrial remodeling plays a key role in the occurrence and development of AF, and includes electrical remodeling, structural remodeling, and autonomic nerve remodeling. Research has shown that ncRNA expression is altered in the plasma and tissues of AF patients that mediate cardiac excitation and arrhythmia, and is closely related to atrial remodeling. Methods Literatures about ncRNAs and atrial fibrillation were extensively reviewed to discuss and analyze. Conclusions The biology of ncRNAs represents a relatively new field of research and is still in an emerging stage. Recent studies have laid a foundation for understanding the molecular mechanisms of AF, future studies aimed at identifying how ncRNAs act on atrial fibrillation to provide potentially promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of atrial fibrillation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Congxin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
A Review of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Cardiac Fibrosis and Atrial Fibrillation. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194430. [PMID: 34640448 PMCID: PMC8509789 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular and molecular mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrosis are highly complex. We have reviewed the literature that covers the effectors, signal transduction and physiopathogenesis concerning extracellular matrix (ECM) dysregulation and atrial fibrosis in atrial fibrillation (AF). At the molecular level: angiotensin II, transforming growth factor-β1, inflammation, and oxidative stress are particularly important for ECM dysregulation and atrial fibrotic remodelling in AF. We conclude that the Ang-II-MAPK and TGF-β1-Smad signalling pathways play a major, central role in regulating atrial fibrotic remodelling in AF. The above signalling pathways induce the expression of genes encoding profibrotic molecules (MMP, CTGF, TGF-β1). An important mechanism is also the generation of reactive oxygen species. This pathway induced by the interaction of Ang II with the AT2R receptor and the activation of NADPH oxidase. Additionally, the interplay between cardiac MMPs and their endogenous tissue inhibitors of MMPs, is thought to be critical in atrial ECM metabolism and fibrosis. We also review recent evidence about the role of changes in the miRNAs expression in AF pathophysiology and their potential as therapeutic targets. Furthermore, keeping the balance between miRNA molecules exerting anti-/profibrotic effects is of key importance for the control of atrial fibrosis in AF.
Collapse
|
22
|
MicroRNAs-The Heart of Post-Myocardial Infarction Remodeling. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11091675. [PMID: 34574016 PMCID: PMC8469128 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11091675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most frequent cardiac emergencies, with significant potential for mortality. One of the major challenges of the post-MI healing response is that replacement fibrosis could lead to left ventricular remodeling (LVR) and heart failure (HF). This process involves canonical and non-canonical transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathways translating into an intricate activation of cardiac fibroblasts and disproportionate collagen synthesis. Accumulating evidence has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) significantly contribute to the modulation of these signaling pathways. This review summarizes the recent updates regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of the over 30 miRNAs involved in post-MI LVR. In addition, we compare the contradictory roles of several multifunctional miRNAs and highlight their potential use in pressure overload and ischemia-induced fibrosis. Finally, we discuss their attractive role as prognostic biomarkers for HF, highlighting the most relevant human trials involving these miRNAs.
Collapse
|
23
|
Yano H, Hamanaka R, Zhang JJ, Yano M, Hida M, Matsuo N, Yoshioka H. MicroRNA-26 regulates the expression of CTGF after exposure to ionizing radiation. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2021; 60:411-419. [PMID: 33959794 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-021-00915-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) is a serious complication that occurs after irradiation and which is caused by the deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins such as collagen. However, the underlying mechanisms, including the expression of the cytokines, that promote the RIF process, are not yet fully understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been suggested to act as post-transcriptional repressors for many genes; however, their role in the process of RIF remains to be elucidated. Our previous study showed that ionizing radiation increased the type I collagen expression through the activation of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, while miR-29 repressed this increase. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which the expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a downstream mediator of TGF-β, is controlled by miRNAs post-transcriptionally after exposure to ionizing radiation. The expression of CTGF in NIH-3T3 cells and mouse embryonic fibroblasts was increased by ionizing radiation. However, this increase was suppressed with a specific inhibitor of TGF-β receptor. Among the predictable miRNAs that target the CTGF gene, the expression of miR-26a was downregulated after exposure to ionizing radiation and this regulation was negatively mediated by TGF-β signaling. miR-26a negatively regulated the CTGF expression at the post-transcriptional level; however, ionizing radiation suppressed this negative regulation. In addition, the overexpression of miR-26a inhibited the expression of CTGF and type I collagen after irradiation. In conclusion, miR-26a modulates the expression of CTGF via TGF-β signaling in irradiated fibroblasts. The results suggest the potential application of miR-26a in the treatment of RIF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yano
- Research Promotion Institute, Oita University, 1-1 Idaigaoka Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Ryoji Hamanaka
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
- Department of Human Sciences, Oita University of Nursing and Human Sciences, Oita, Japan
| | - Juan Juan Zhang
- Department of Matrix Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Mami Yano
- Department of Matrix Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Mariko Hida
- Department of Matrix Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Noritaka Matsuo
- Department of Matrix Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Hidekatsu Yoshioka
- Department of Matrix Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
- Department of Clinical Examination, Shinbeppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Savira F, Magaye R, Scullino CV, Flynn BL, Pitson SM, Anderson D, Creek DJ, Hua Y, Xiong X, Huang L, Liew D, Reid C, Kaye D, Kompa AR, Wang BH. Sphingolipid imbalance and inflammatory effects induced by uremic toxins in heart and kidney cells are reversed by dihydroceramide desaturase 1 inhibition. Toxicol Lett 2021; 350:133-142. [PMID: 34303789 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Non-dialysable protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and vice versa. PBUTs have been shown to alter sphingolipid imbalance. Dihydroceramide desaturase 1 (Des1) is an important gatekeeper enzyme which controls the non-reversible conversion of sphingolipids, dihydroceramide, into ceramide. The present study assessed the effect of Des1 inhibition on PBUT-induced cardiac and renal effects in vitro, using a selective Des1 inhibitor (CIN038). Des1 inhibition attenuated hypertrophy in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes and collagen synthesis in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts and renal mesangial cells induced by the PBUTs, indoxyl sulfate and p-cresol sulfate. This is at least attributable to modulation of NF-κB signalling and reductions in β-MHC, Collagen I and TNF-α gene expression. Lipidomic analyses revealed Des1 inhibition restored C16-dihydroceramide levels reduced by indoxyl sulfate. In conclusion, PBUTs play a critical role in mediating sphingolipid imbalance and inflammatory responses in heart and kidney cells, and these effects were attenuated by Des1 inhibition. Therefore, sphingolipid modifying agents may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of CVD and CKD and warrant further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feby Savira
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ruth Magaye
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Carmen V Scullino
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Bernard L Flynn
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Stuart M Pitson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dovile Anderson
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Darren J Creek
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Monash University, Parkville, Australia
| | - Yue Hua
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Xiong
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Li Huang
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Danny Liew
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - David Kaye
- Heart Failure Research Group, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew R Kompa
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, St Vincent's Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bing Hui Wang
- Biomarker Discovery Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Su H, Su H, Liu CH, Hu HJ, Zhao JB, Zou T, Tang YX. H 2S inhibits atrial fibrillation-induced atrial fibrosis through miR-133a/CTGF axis. Cytokine 2021; 146:155557. [PMID: 34303273 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common clinical arrhythmia and can cause a variety of complications. To study the therapeutic effect of H2S in atrial fibrosis and explore the important role of miR-133a, in vitro experiments in human atrial fibroblasts (HAFs) were conducted. METHODS The fibrosis in HAFs was induced by Ang II. The expression levels of miR-133a and CTGF in HAFs were examined by qRT-PCR. The proliferation and migration of HAFs were detected by CCK-8 and cell scratch assays. The protein expressions of CTGF, collagen I, collagen III and α-SMA were detected by western blotting. The dual-luciferase reporter gene was used to detect the interaction between miR-133a and CTGF. RESULTS The proliferation and migration of HAFs stimulated by Ang II were enhanced, the expression of miR-133a was reduced, and the levels of CTGF and fibrosis markers (collagen I, collagen III and α-SMA) were increased. Furthermore, H2S reduced fibrosis, proliferation and migration of HAFs induced by Ang II. Accordingly, overexpression of miR-133a inhibited the proliferation and migration ability on Ang II-induced HAFs, and decreased the protein expressions of related fibrosis markers and CTGF. Meanwhile, miR-133a inhibitor could reverse the inhibition effect of H2S on proliferation and migration in HAFs by Ang II-induced. By targeting CTGF, miR-133a inhibited the expression of CTGF. CONCLUSION H2S improved myocardial cell fibrosis by significantly increasing the expression of miR-133a, and CTGF might be a potential target for miR-133a to play an important role in myocardial fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Su
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Hao Su
- Cardiac Medical Center, Beijing Aviation General Hospital, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Chang-Hui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Heng-Jing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Jun-Bi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Tao Zou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Yi-Xin Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Barut Z, Cabbar AT, Yilmaz SG, Akdeniz FT, Simsek MA, Capar B, Degertekin M, Dalan AB, Yerebakan H, Isbir T. Investigation of Circulating miRNA-133, miRNA-26, and miRNA-378 as Candidate Biomarkers for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. In Vivo 2021; 35:1605-1610. [PMID: 33910842 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) involves increased muscular mass of the left ventricle due to increased cardiomyocyte size and is caused by cardiomyopathies. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in processes that contribute to heart disease. This study aimed to examine miRNA-133, miRNA-26 and miRNA-378 as candidate biomarkers to define prognosis in patients with LVH. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study group consisted of 70 patients who were diagnosed with LVH and 16 unaffected individuals who served as the control group. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyze serum miRNA-133, miRNA-26, and miRNA-378 expression levels in LVH patients and the control group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic capability of miRNA-378. RESULTS When crossing threshold (CT) values were compared between patient and control samples, we found that there were no statistically significant differences in miRNA-133 and miRNA-26 CT values, while the miRNA-378 expression was significantly increased in LVH patients. ROC analysis demonstrated that the expression levels of miRNA-378 (AUC=0.484, p=0.0013) were significantly different between groups. CONCLUSION We observed a statistically significant relationship between miRNA-378 expression levels and LVH, suggesting that circulating miRNA-378 may be used as a novel biomarker to distinguish patients who have LVH from those who do not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zerrin Barut
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ayca Turer Cabbar
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Gulec Yilmaz
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Tuba Akdeniz
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Aytek Simsek
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Capar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muzaffer Degertekin
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Altay Burak Dalan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halit Yerebakan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Turgay Isbir
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey;
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
The Impact of microRNAs in Renin-Angiotensin-System-Induced Cardiac Remodelling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094762. [PMID: 33946230 PMCID: PMC8124994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) indicates its central role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular remodelling via both hemodynamic alterations and direct growth and the proliferation effects of angiotensin II or aldosterone resulting in the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, the proliferation of fibroblasts, and inflammatory immune cell activation. The noncoding regulatory microRNAs has recently emerged as a completely novel approach to the study of the RAS. A growing number of microRNAs serve as mediators and/or regulators of RAS-induced cardiac remodelling by directly targeting RAS enzymes, receptors, signalling molecules, or inhibitors of signalling pathways. Specifically, microRNAs that directly modulate pro-hypertrophic, pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory signalling initiated by angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) stimulation are of particular relevance in mediating the cardiovascular effects of the RAS. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge in the field that is still in the early stage of preclinical investigation with occasionally conflicting reports. Understanding the big picture of microRNAs not only aids in the improved understanding of cardiac response to injury but also leads to better therapeutic strategies utilizing microRNAs as biomarkers, therapeutic agents and pharmacological targets.
Collapse
|
28
|
Graziani F, Lillo R, Crea F. Rationale for the Use of Pirfenidone in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:678530. [PMID: 33969025 PMCID: PMC8100203 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.678530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a major public health problem with growing prevalence and poor outcomes, mainly due to the lack of an effective treatment. HFpEF pathophysiology is heterogeneous and complex. Recently a “new paradigm” has been proposed, suggesting that cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular coexisting comorbidities lead to a systemic inflammatory state, perturbing the physiology of the endothelium and the perivascular environment and engaging molecular pathways that ultimately converge to myocardial fibrosis. If inflammation and fibrosis are the “fil rouge” in the heterogeneous spectrum of HFpEF, anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory drugs may have a role in its treatment. Pirfenidone is an orally bioavailable drug with antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties already approved for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Pirfenidone has been recently tested in animal models of myocardial fibrosis with promising results. Here we will review the rationale underlying the potential therapeutic effect of Pirfenidone in HFpEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Graziani
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Lillo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gong Z, Ye Q, Wu JW, Zhou JL, Kong XY, Ma LK. UCHL1 inhibition attenuates cardiac fibrosis via modulation of nuclear factor-κB signaling in fibroblasts. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 900:174045. [PMID: 33745956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays an essential role in cellular homeostasis and myocardial function. Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase 1 (UCHL1) is involved in cardiac remodeling, but its underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we observed that the UCHL1 was significantly up-regulated in angiotensin II-infused heart and primary cardiac fibroblast (CF). Systemic administration of the UCHL1 inhibitor LDN57444 significantly ameliorated cardiac fibrosis and improved cardiac function induced by angiotensin II. Also, LDN57444 inhibited CF cell proliferation as well as attenuated collagen I, and CTGF gene expression in the presence of Ang II. Mechanistically, UCHL1 promotes angiotensin II-induced fibrotic responses by way of activating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. Moreover, suppression of the NF-κB pathway interfered with UCHL1 overexpression-mediated fibrotic responses. Besides, the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that NF-κB can bind to the UCHL1 promoter and trigger its transcription in cardiac fibroblasts. These findings suggest that UCHL1 positively regulates cardiac fibrosis by modulating NF-κB signaling pathway and identify UCHL1 could be a new treatment strategy for cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Gong
- Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Qing Ye
- The First Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jia-Wei Wu
- The First Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jun-Ling Zhou
- The First Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiang-Yong Kong
- The First Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, PR China
| | - Li-Kun Ma
- Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, PR China; The First Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang W, Wang Q, Xing X, Yang L, Xu M, Cao C, Wang R, Li W, Niu X, Gao D. The antagonistic effects and mechanisms of microRNA-26a action in hypertensive vascular remodelling. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:1037-1054. [PMID: 33305374 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hypertensive vascular remodelling is responsible for end-organ damage and is the result of increased extracellular matrix accumulation and excessive vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. MicroRNA-26a (miR-26a), a non-coding small RNA, is involved in several cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to validate the effect and mechanisms of miR-26a in hypertensive vascular remodelling. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) were injected intravenously with recombinant adeno-associated virus-miR-26a. Samples of thoracic aorta were examined histologically with H&E staining. In vitro, angiotensin II (AngII)-induced VSMCs cultured from thoracic aortae of female Sprague-Dawley rats, were transfected with miR-26a mimic or inhibitor. Western blots, qRT-PCR and immunohistological methods were used, along with chromatin-immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays. Specific siRNAs were used to silence Smad production in VSMCs KEY RESULTS: Levels of miR-26a were lower in the thoracic aorta and plasma of SHRs than in WKY rats. Overexpression of miR-26a inhibited extracellular matrix deposition by targeting connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and decreased VSMC proliferation by regulating the enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2)/p21 pathway both in vitro and in vivo. AngII-mediated Smad3 activation suppressed miR-26a expression, which in turn promoted Smad3 activation via targeted regulation of Smad4, leading to further down-regulation of miR-26a. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our data show that AngII stimulated a Smads/miR-26a positive feedback loop, which further reduced expression of miR-26a, leading to collagen production and VSMC proliferation and consequently vascular remodelling. MiR-26a has an antagonistic effect on hypertensive vascular remodelling and can be a strategy for treating hypertensive vascular remodelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Qiaozhu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xing
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Chunhui Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Weicheng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Niu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.,Department of Cardiology, Meishan Branch of the Third Affiliated Hospital, Yanan University School of Medical, Meishan, P.R. China
| | - Dengfeng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Saadat S, Noureddini M, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Nazemi S, Shojaie L, Aschner M, Maleki B, Abbasi-Kolli M, Rajabi Moghadam H, Alani B, Mirzaei H. Pivotal Role of TGF-β/Smad Signaling in Cardiac Fibrosis: Non-coding RNAs as Effectual Players. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 7:588347. [PMID: 33569393 PMCID: PMC7868343 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.588347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Unintended cardiac fibroblast proliferation in many pathophysiological heart conditions, known as cardiac fibrosis, results in pooling of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the heart muscle. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) as a pivotal cytokine/growth factor stimulates fibroblasts and hastens ECM production in injured tissues. The TGF-β receptor is a heterodimeric receptor complex on the plasma membrane, made up from TGF-β type I, as well as type II receptors, giving rise to Smad2 and Smad3 transcription factors phosphorylation upon canonical signaling. Phosphorylated Smad2, Smad3, and cytoplasmic Smad4 intercommunicate to transfer the signal to the nucleus, culminating in provoked gene transcription. Additionally, TGF-β receptor complex activation starts up non-canonical signaling that lead to the mitogen-stimulated protein kinase cascade activation, inducing p38, JNK1/2 (c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1/2), and ERK1/2 (extracellular signal–regulated kinase 1/2) signaling. TGF-β not only activates fibroblasts and stimulates them to differentiate into myofibroblasts, which produce ECM proteins, but also promotes fibroblast proliferation. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important regulators of numerous pathways along with cellular procedures. MicroRNAs and circular long ncRNAs, combined with long ncRNAs, are capable of affecting TGF-β/Smad signaling, leading to cardiac fibrosis. More comprehensive knowledge based on these processes may bring about new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for different cardiac disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Saadat
- Physiology Research Centre, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Noureddini
- Physiology Research Centre, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sina Nazemi
- Vascular and Thorax Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Department of Medicine, Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Behnaz Maleki
- Physiology Research Centre, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi-Kolli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hasan Rajabi Moghadam
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Behrang Alani
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ding X, Yan Y, Zhang C, Xu X, Yang F, Liu Y, Wang G, Qin Y. OCT4 regulated neointimal formation in injured mouse arteries by matrix metalloproteinase 2-mediated smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:5421-5431. [PMID: 33372301 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play vital roles in neointimal hyperplasia and vascular restenosis. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the function and mechanism of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4, a key transcription factor for maintaining stem cells in de-differentiated state) on neointima formation in response to vascular injury. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot results displayed a significant increase of OCT4 levels in injured carotid arteries. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assays confirmed that the increased OCT4 expression was primarily localized in α-SMA-positive VSMCs from neointima, and colocalized with PCNA in the nuclei of VSMCs. Adenovirus-mediated OCT4 overexpression in injured carotid arteries exacerbated intimal thickening, while OCT4 knockdown significantly inhibited intimal thickening. In-vitro experiments confirmed that the increased OCT4 expression in VMSCs could be induced by platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) in a time-dependent manner. Overexpression of OCT4 greatly promoted VSMCs proliferation and migration, while OCT4 knockdown significantly retarded the PDGF-BB-induced excessive proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay confirmed that OCT4 could upregulate matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP2) expression through promoting its transcription. Moreover, knockdown of MMP2 significantly attenuated OCT4-mediated VSMCs proliferation and migration. These results indicated that OCT4 facilitated neointimal formation in response to vascular injury by MMP2-mediated VSMCs proliferation and migration, and targeting OCT4 in VSMCs might be a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular restenosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiac Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, No. 903 Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengke Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xudong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiac Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiac Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guokun Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Institute of Cardiac Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongwen Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Song R, Zhang L. Cardiac ECM: Its Epigenetic Regulation and Role in Heart Development and Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228610. [PMID: 33203135 PMCID: PMC7698074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the non-cellular component in the cardiac microenvironment, and serves essential structural and regulatory roles in establishing and maintaining tissue architecture and cellular function. The patterns of molecular and biochemical ECM alterations in developing and adult hearts depend on the underlying injury type. In addition to exploring how the ECM regulates heart structure and function in heart development and repair, this review conducts an inclusive discussion of recent developments in the role, function, and epigenetic guidelines of the ECM. Moreover, it contributes to the development of new therapeutics for cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Song
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (L.Z.); Tel.: +1-909-558-4325 (R.S. & L.Z.)
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Correspondence: (R.S.); (L.Z.); Tel.: +1-909-558-4325 (R.S. & L.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
miR-135a Alleviates Silica-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis by Targeting NF- κB/Inflammatory Signaling Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:1231243. [PMID: 32617074 PMCID: PMC7317310 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1231243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Silica exposure triggers inflammatory response and pulmonary fibrosis that is a severe occupational or environmental lung disease with no effective therapies. The complicated biological and molecular mechanisms underlying silica-induced lung damages have not yet been fully understood. miR-135a inhibits inflammation, apoptosis, and cancer cell proliferation. But the roles of miRNA135a involved in the silica-induced lung damages remain largely unexplored. We investigated the roles and mechanisms of miR-135a underlying silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The present study showed silica exposure caused the decrease in miR-135a level but the increase in inflammatory mediators. Transduction of lentivirus expressing miR-135a reduced the level of inflammatory mediators in lung tissues from silica-treated mice and improved pulmonary fibrosis which was consistent with the downregulated α-SMA but enhanced E-cadherin. Moreover, miR-135a overexpression inhibited p-p65 level in lung tissues. Overexpression of miR-135a inhibitor strengthened TLR4 protein level and NF-κB activation in BEAS-2B cells. Injection of PDTC, an inhibitor of NF-κB, further reinforced miR-135a-mediated amelioration of inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis induced by silica. The collective data indicate miR-135a restrains NF-κB activation probably through targeting TLR4 to alleviate silica-induced inflammatory response and pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu ZY, Lu M, Liu J, Wang ZN, Wang WW, Li Y, Song ZJ, Xu L, Liu Q, Li FH. MicroRNA-144 regulates angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibroblast activation by targeting CREB. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:2113-2121. [PMID: 32765685 PMCID: PMC7401692 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is involved in adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure, which is the leading cause of deteriorated cardiac function. Accumulative evidence has elucidated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis. However, the exact molecular mechanism underlying miR-144 in cardiac fibrosis remains unknown. In the present study, a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mouse model and angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were constructed in order to investigate the expression levels of miR-144. It was demonstrated that miR-144 was significantly downregulated following pathological stimuli. CFs infected with miR-144 mimics were then used to test the effect of miR-144 on CF activation in vitro. The results revealed that overexpression of miR-144 led to a dramatically decreased proliferation and migration ability in CFs, as well as the transformation from fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, which was characterized by the decreased expression of collagen-I, collagen-III, CTGF, fibronectin and α-SMA. By contrast, such effects could be reversed by miR-144 knockdown. Mechanistically, the bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay in the present study demonstrated that cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) was a direct target of miR-144, and the expression of CREB was attenuated by miR-144. The results of the present study demonstrated that miR-144 played a key role in CF activation, partially by targeting CREB, which further suggested that the overexpression of miR-144 may be a promising strategy for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Mingjun Lu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Ning Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Cardiology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Jing Song
- Department of Cardiology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Xu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Hua Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang X, Du X, Ma K, Li G, Liu Z, Rong W, Miao H, Zhu F, Cui Q, Wu S, Li Y, Du J. Circulating miRNAs Related to Long-term Adverse Cardiovascular Events in STEMI Patients: A Nested Case-Control Study. Can J Cardiol 2020; 37:77-85. [PMID: 32735867 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term morbidity and mortality of patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remain substantial. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in cardiovascular disease development. We aimed to identify circulating miRNAs associated with adverse cardiovascular events after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS We performed a prospective, nested, case-control study of 932 patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI. A 3-phase approach was conducted to screen candidate circulating miRNAs in 70 patients who subsequently experienced cardiac death, hospitalization for heart failure, or recurrent AMI (major adverse cardiovascular events [MACE] group) and in 140 patients matched for age, sex, time from symptom onset to blood collection and dual-antiplatelet therapy who did not report adverse cardiovascular events during 2-year follow-up (non-MACE group). RESULTS We found that miR-26a-5p, miR-21-5p, and miR-191-5p levels were lower in the MACE group than in the non-MACE group (all P < 0.001). Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that miR-26a-5p, miR-21-5p, and miR-191-5p levels were significantly inversely associated with incident primary composite outcomes (all adjusted P < 0.01). Importantly, the combination of these 3 miRNAs plus B-type natriuretic peptide clearly improved the risk scores recommended in the current guidelines, as determined with the use of C-statistics, net reclassification, and integrated discrimination. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides proof-of-concept in humans that circulating miRNAs are associated with increased rates of distinct cardiovascular events, suggesting that they can serve as effective prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for patients with AMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Yang
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Remodelling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Collaborative Innovative Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Du
- First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Remodelling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Collaborative Innovative Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqi Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Remodelling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Collaborative Innovative Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuohui Liu
- Tongmei Group General Hospital, Datong, China
| | - Wei Rong
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Remodelling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Collaborative Innovative Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Huangtai Miao
- Emergency and Critical Care Centre, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuli Zhu
- Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Centre for Noncoding RNA Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shaowei Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Li
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Remodelling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Collaborative Innovative Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie Du
- Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Remodelling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China; Beijing Collaborative Innovative Research Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China; Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is associated with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, increasing its morbidity and mortality. Cardiac fibroblast is the keystone of fibrogenesis, being activated by numerous cellular and humoral factors. Macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, mast cells, and endothelial cells stimulate fibrogenesis directly by activating cardiac fibroblasts and indirectly by synthetizing various profibrotic molecules. The synthesis of type 1 and type 3 collagen, fibronectin, and α-smooth muscle actin is rendered by various mechanisms like transforming growth factor-beta/small mothers against decapentaplegic pathway, renin angiotensin system, and estrogens, which in turn alter the extracellular matrix. Investigating the underlying mechanisms will allow the development of diagnostic and prognostic tools and discover novel specific therapies. Serum biomarkers aid in the diagnosis and tracking of cardiac fibrosis progression. The diagnostic gold standard is cardiac magnetic resonance with gadolinium administration that allows quantification of cardiac fibrosis either by late gadolinium enhancement assessment or by T1 mapping. Therefore, the goal is to stop and even reverse cardiac fibrosis by developing specific therapies that directly target fibrogenesis, in addition to the drugs used to treat heart failure. Cardiac resynchronization therapy had shown to revert myocardial remodeling and to reduce cardiac fibrosis. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of currently available data.
Collapse
|
38
|
Resveratrol protects H9c2 cells against hypoxia-induced apoptosis through miR-30d-5p/SIRT1/NF-κB axis. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-9997-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
39
|
Chiang MH, Liang CJ, Lin LC, Yang YF, Huang CC, Chen YH, Kao HL, Chen YC, Ke SR, Lee CW, Lin MS, Chen YL. miR-26a attenuates cardiac apoptosis and fibrosis by targeting ataxia-telangiectasia mutated in myocardial infarction. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6085-6102. [PMID: 31990056 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis and fibrosis play a vital role in myocardial infarction (MI) induced tissue injury. Although microRNAs have been the focus of many studies on cardiac apoptosis and fibrosis in MI, the detailed effects of miR-26a is needed to further understood. The present study demonstrated that miR-26a was downregulated in ST-elevation MI (STEMI) patients and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated H9c2 cells. Downregulation of miR-26a was closely correlated with the increased expression of creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB and troponin I in STEMI patients. Further analysis identified that ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) was a target gene for miR-26a based on a bioinformatics analysis. miR-26a overexpression effectively reduced ATM expression, apoptosis, and apoptosis-related proteins in OGD-treated H9c2 cells. In a mouse model of MI, the expression of miR-26a was significantly decreased in the infarct zone of the heart, whereas apoptosis and ATM expression were increased. miR-26a overexpression effectively reduced ATM expression and cardiac apoptosis at Day 1 after MI. Furthermore, we demonstrated that overexpression of miR-26a improved cardiac function and reduced cardiac fibrosis by the reduced expression of collagen type I and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in mice at Day 14 after MI. Overexpression of miR-26a or ATM knockdown decreased collagen I and CTGF expression in cultured OGD-treated cardiomyocytes. Taken together, these data demonstrate a prominent role for miR-26a in linking ATM expression to ischemia-induced apoptosis and fibrosis, key features of MI progression. miR-26a reduced MI development by affecting ATM expression and could be targeted in the treatment of MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Hsien Chiang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Jung Liang
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lung-Chun Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fan Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chang Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hsien Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Li Kao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Rong Ke
- Cardiology Division of Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiang-Wen Lee
- Division of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Nursing, and Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology and Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Shin Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Lien Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Yang X, Yu T, Zhang S. MicroRNA-489 suppresses isoproterenol-induced cardiac fibrosis by downregulating histone deacetylase 2. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2229-2235. [PMID: 32104288 PMCID: PMC7027313 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a hallmark of cardiovascular diseases. Several studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRs) are associated with the development of cardiac fibrosis. However, to date, the underlying molecular mechanisms of miR-489 in cardiac fibrosis have not been studied. The present study investigated the biological function of miR-489 in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac fibrosis. It was observed that miR-489 was downregulated in the heart tissue and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) obtained from rats with ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis, as compared with the levels in the control group. By contrast, the expression levels of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), collagen I (Col1A1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were increased in the heart tissue and CFs obtained from ISO-treated rats compared with the control group. Furthermore, ISO-treated CFs were transfected with a miR-489 mimic, which resulted in decreased viability and differentiation of CFs compared with the control group. Bioinformatics analysis and a dual-luciferase reporter assay further revealed that HDAC2 is a downstream target of miR-489. Subsequently, a loss-of-function experiment demonstrated that depletion of HDAC2 decreased the expression levels of Col1A1 and α-SMA in CFs. Taken together, the results obtained in the present study revealed that the miR-489/HDAC2 signaling pathway may serve as a novel regulatory mechanism in ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis and may increase the understanding on cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Tianhong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Xiang S, Li J, Zhang Z. miR-26b inhibits isoproterenol-induced cardiac fibrosis via the Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2067-2074. [PMID: 32104267 PMCID: PMC7027307 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A critical event in cardiac fibrosis is the transformation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) into myofibroblasts. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be critical regulators in the development of cardiac fibrosis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of action of miRNA (miR)-26b in cardiac fibrosis have not yet been extensively studied. In the present study, the expression levels of miR-26b were downregulated in isoproterenol (ISO)-treated cardiac tissues and CFs. Moreover, miR-26b overexpression inhibited the cell viability of ISO-treated CFs and decreased the protein levels of collagen I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase reporter assays indicated that Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) was the target of miR-26b, and that its expression levels were decreased in miR-26b-treated cells. In addition, Keap1 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-26b on ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis, as demonstrated by cell viability, and the upregulation of collagen I and α-SMA expression levels. Furthermore, inhibition of Keap1 expression led to the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which induced the transcriptional activation of antioxidant/detoxifying proteins in order to protect against cardiac fibrosis. Taken together, the data demonstrated that miR-26b attenuated ISO-induced cardiac fibrosis via the Keap-mediated activation of Nrf2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Xiang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Dianjiang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing 408300, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Changshou, Chongqing 401220, P.R. China
| | - Zhengfu Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, People's Hospital of Changshou, Chongqing 401220, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Liu Z, Wang X, Jiang K, Ji X, Zhang YA, Chen Z. TNFα-induced Up-regulation of Ascl2 Affects the Differentiation and Proliferation of Neural Stem Cells. Aging Dis 2019; 10:1207-1220. [PMID: 31788333 PMCID: PMC6844591 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mediators underlying the effects of inflammation on neural stem cells (NSCs) are not fully characterized. In this study, we identified Ascl2 as a downstream basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor in NSCs following exposure to TNFα. Under normal conditions, Ascl2 expression is inhibited at post-transcriptional levels by miR-26a, which targets the 3’ untranslated region (UTR) of Ascl2. Upon exposure to TNFα, miR-26a expression is reduced, which leads to up-regulation of Ascl2. Overexpression of Ascl2 promotes neuronal differentiation, reduces proliferation, and increases the level of cleaved CASPASE 3 in NSCs, as observed in the in vitro and in ovo experiments. Ascl2 may serve in NSCs as a standby factor that readily responds to TNFα, which is often induced in inflammatory situations. In a chronic inflammatory condition with consistent up-regulation of TNFα, overexpression of Ascl2 may inhibit neurogenesis as a net result.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongfeng Liu
- 1Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,2Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,3Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- 1Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,2Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,3Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Kewen Jiang
- 4Department of Neurology, the Children's Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- 5Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Alex Zhang
- 1Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguo Chen
- 1Cell Therapy Center, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, and Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.,2Center of Neural Injury and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China.,3Center of Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chiasson V, Takano APC, Guleria RS, Gupta S. Deficiency of MicroRNA miR-1954 Promotes Cardiac Remodeling and Fibrosis. J Am Heart Assoc 2019; 8:e012880. [PMID: 31640463 PMCID: PMC6898847 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.012880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Cardiac fibrosis occurs because of disruption of the extracellular matrix network leading to myocardial dysfunction. Angiotensin II (AngII) has been implicated in the development of cardiac fibrosis. Recently, microRNAs have been identified as an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in cardiac pathologies; however, the underlying mechanism of microRNAs in cardiac fibrosis remains unclear. Next-generation sequencing analysis identified a novel characterized microRNA, miR-1954, that was significantly reduced in AngII-infused mice. The finding led us to hypothesize that deficiency of miR-1954 triggers cardiac fibrosis. Methods and Results A transgenic mouse was created using α-MHC (α-myosin heavy chain) promoter and was challenged with AngII infusion. AngII induced cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. The in vivo overexpression of miR-1954 showed significant reduction in cardiac mass and blood pressure in AngII-infused mice. Further analysis showed significant reduction in cardiac fibrotic genes, hypertrophy marker genes, and an inflammatory gene and restoration of a calcium-regulated gene (Atp2a2 [ATPase sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transporting 2]; also known as SERCA2), but no changes were observed in apoptotic genes. THBS1 (thrombospondin 1) is indicated as a target gene for miR-1954. Conclusions Our findings provide evidence, for the first time, that miR-1954 plays a critical role in cardiac fibrosis by targeting THBS1. We conclude that promoting the level of miR-1954 would be a promising strategy for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rakeshwar S. Guleria
- Department of Medical PhysiologyTexas A&M UniversityTempleTX
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence on Returning War VeteransWacoTX
| | - Sudhiranjan Gupta
- Department of BiologyBaylor UniversityWacoTX
- Department of Medical PhysiologyTexas A&M UniversityTempleTX
- VISN 17 Center of Excellence on Returning War VeteransWacoTX
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Huang W, Huang C, Ding H, Luo J, Liu Y, Fan R, Xiao F, Fan X, Jiang Z. Involvement of miR-145 in the development of aortic dissection via inducing proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23028. [PMID: 31489719 PMCID: PMC6977357 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim The current study aimed to examine miR‐145's contribution to thoracic aortic dissection (AD) development by modulating the biological functions of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Methods The concentration of circulating miR‐145 was determined in patients with AD and healthy controls using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Aortic specimens were obtained from both individuals with Stanford type A AD undergoing surgical treatment and deceased organ donors (serving as controls) whose causes of death were nonvascular diseases. Then, qPCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization were applied to assess miR‐145 amounts and location, respectively. Furthermore, qPCR and immunoblot were employed to determine SMAD3 (the target gene of miR‐145, involved in the TGF‐β pathway) amounts at the gene and protein levels, respectively. Moreover, in vitro transfection of VSMCs with miR‐145 mimics or inhibitors was conducted. Finally, the 3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Transwell assay and flow cytometry were employed for detecting VSMC proliferation, migration, and apoptosis, respectively. Results The amounts of miR‐145 in plasma and aortic specimens were markedly reduced in the AD group in comparison with control values (P < .05). miR‐145 was mostly located in VSMCs. Proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs were significantly induced in vitro by the downregulation of miR‐145. Also, miR‐145 modulated SMAD3 expression. Conclusions miR‐145 was found to be downregulated in patients with AD, which induced the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of VSMCs by targeting SMAD3. This suggested the involvement of miR‐145 in the pathogenesis of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Huang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,Department of Cardiology, Vascular Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Vascular Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanyu Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Vascular Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfang Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Vascular Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Vascular Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruixin Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Vascular Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Vascular Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Vascular Center, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of South China Structural Heart Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhisheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhao Z, Dai XS, Wang ZY, Bao ZQ, Guan JZ. MicroRNA-26a reduces synovial inflammation and cartilage injury in osteoarthritis of knee joints through impairing the NF-κB signaling pathway. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182025. [PMID: 30872407 PMCID: PMC6454017 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20182025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Inflammation is closely implicated in the process of osteoarthritis (OA) and affects disease progression and pain. Herein, the present study explored the effect of microRNA-26a (miR-26a) on the synovial inflammation and cartilage injury in OA, with the involvement with the NF-κB signaling pathway.Methods: Rat models of OA were established by anterior cruciate ligament transection, which were then treated with miR-26a mimics/inhibitors or BMS-345541 (inhibitor of NF-κB pathway). The expression of miR-26a and activator proteins of NF-κB pathway (P-IκBα and P-P65) in synovial tissues was determined. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was adopted to observe pathological changes of knee joints, synovial tissues, and cartilage of femoral condyle. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining was used to detect the apoptosis of synoviocytes and chondrocytes.Results: Poorly expressed miR-26a and increased protein levels of P-IκBα and P-P65 were identified in synovial tissues of OA rats. Besides, OA rats showed obvious synovial tissue hyperplasia, inflammation and cartilage injury of femoral condyle, as well as increased inflammation and cartilage injury scores, and apoptosis of synoviocytes and chondrocytes. In response to miR-26a mimics, protein levels of P-IκBα and P-P65 were reduced; meanwhile, synovial tissue hyperplasia, inflammation and cartilage injury of femoral condyle were ameliorated, with decreased inflammation and cartilage injury scores, and apoptosis of synoviocytes and chondrocytes.Conclusion: MiR-26a suppressed the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, by which mechanism the synovial inflammation and cartilage injury in OA rats were alleviated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, Anhui Province, P.R. China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, Bengbu 233004, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Song Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, Anhui Province, P.R. China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, Bengbu 233004, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Yan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, Anhui Province, P.R. China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, Bengbu 233004, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Qi Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, Anhui Province, P.R. China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, Bengbu 233004, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Zhong Guan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, Anhui Province, P.R. China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, Bengbu 233004, Anhui Province, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Li T, Liu C, Liu L, Xia H, Xiao Y, Wang X, Wang Y. Regulatory Mechanism of MicroRNA-145 in the Pathogenesis of Acute Aortic Dissection. Yonsei Med J 2019; 60:352-359. [PMID: 30900421 PMCID: PMC6433572 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2019.60.4.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have confirmed that microRNAs play important roles in the pathogenesis of acute aortic dissection (AAD). Here, we aimed to explore the role of miR-145 and its regulatory mechanism in the pathogenesis of AAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS AAD tissue samples were harvested from patients with aortic dissection and normal donors. Rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were transfected with miR-145 mimic/inhibitor or negative control mimic/inhibitor. Gene and protein expression was measured in human aortic dissection tissue specimens and VSMCs by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Luciferase reporter assay was applied to verify whether connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) was a direct target of miR-145 in VSMCs. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was used to detect VSMC viability. RESULTS miR-145 expression was downregulated in aortic dissection tissues and was associated with the survival of patients with AAD. Overexpression of miR-145 promoted VSMC proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis. Moreover, CTGF, which was increased in aortic dissection tissues, was decreased by miR-145 mimic and increased by miR-145 inhibitor. Furthermore, CTGF was confirmed as a target of miR-145 and could reverse the promotion effect of miR-145 on the progression of AAD. CONCLUSION miR-145 suppressed the progression of AAD by targeting CTGF, suggesting that a miR-145/CTGF axis may provide a potential therapeutic target for AAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianbo Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chencheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingchao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingbin Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital (Xinqiao Hospital) of Chinese People's Liberation Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang B, Zhang A, Wang H, Klein JD, Tan L, Wang ZM, Du J, Naqvi N, Liu BC, Wang XH. miR-26a Limits Muscle Wasting and Cardiac Fibrosis through Exosome-Mediated microRNA Transfer in Chronic Kidney Disease. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:1864-1877. [PMID: 31037144 PMCID: PMC6485283 DOI: 10.7150/thno.29579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Uremic cardiomyopathy and muscle atrophy are associated with insulin resistance and contribute to chronic kidney disease (CKD)-induced morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that restoration of miR-26a levels would enhance exosome-mediated microRNA transfer to improve muscle wasting and cardiomyopathy that occur in CKD. Methods: Using next generation sequencing and qPCR, we found that CKD mice had a decreased level of miR-26a in heart and skeletal muscle. We engineered an exosome vector that contained Lamp2b, an exosomal membrane protein gene fused with a muscle-specific surface peptide that targets muscle delivery. We transfected this vector into muscle satellite cells and then transduced these cells with adenovirus that expresses miR-26a to produce exosomes encapsulated miR-26a (Exo/miR-26a). Exo/miR-26a was injected once per week for 8 weeks into the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of 5/6 nephrectomized CKD mice. Results: Treatment with Exo/miR-26a resulted in increased expression of miR-26a in skeletal muscle and heart. Overexpression of miR-26a increased the skeletal muscle cross-sectional area, decreased the upregulation of FBXO32/atrogin-1 and TRIM63/MuRF1 and depressed cardiac fibrosis lesions. In the hearts of CKD mice, FoxO1 was activated, and connective tissue growth factor, fibronectin and collagen type I alpha 1 were increased. These responses were blunted by injection of Exo/miR-26a. Echocardiograms showed that cardiac function was improved in CKD mice treated with Exo/miR-26a. Conclusion: Overexpression of miR-26a in muscle prevented CKD-induced muscle wasting and attenuated cardiomyopathy via exosome-mediated miR-26a transfer. These results suggest possible therapeutic strategies for using exosome delivery of miR-26a to treat complications of CKD.
Collapse
|
48
|
Guan X, Fang Y, Long J, Zhang Y. Annexin 1-nuclear factor-κB-microRNA-26a regulatory pathway in the metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2019; 10:665-675. [PMID: 30756482 PMCID: PMC6449244 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Annexin 1 (ANXA1) expression is associated with the malignant tumor phenotype, making it an attractive therapeutic target. However, little is known about the regulation of ANXA1 in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods We investigated the biological roles of ANXA1 in tumor growth, migration, and invasion, and explored the possibility of ANXA1 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of NSCLC. Results Our findings revealed that ANXA1 enhanced nuclear factor (NF)‐κB activation in NSCLC cells by interaction with inhibitor of NF‐κB kinase complex subunit, IKKγ. We also found that NF‐κB could negatively regulate microRNA (miR)‐26a, and miR‐26a was regulated through the ANXA1–NF‐κB regulatory pathway. NF‐κB activation negatively regulated by miR‐26a was confirmed in NSCLC. Conclusion Together, these results provide evidence of the mechanisms of the ANXA1–NF‐κB–miR‐26a regulatory pathway in the invasion and migration in NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Guan
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, China.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, China
| | - Jie Long
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Jiang S, Jiang W, Xu Y, Wang X, Mu Y, Liu P. Serum miR-21 and miR-26a Levels Negatively Correlate with Severity of Cirrhosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B. Microrna 2019; 8:86-92. [PMID: 30147020 DOI: 10.2174/2211536607666180821162850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Accurately evaluating the severity of liver cirrhosis is essential for clinical decision making and disease management. This study aimed to evaluate the value of circulating levels of microRNA (miR)-26a and miR-21 as novel noninvasive biomarkers in detecting severity of cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS Thirty patients with clinically diagnosed chronic hepatitis B-related cirrhosis and 30 healthy individuals were selected. The serum levels of miR-26a and miR-21 were quantified by qRT-PCR. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the miRNAs for detecting the severity of cirrhosis. RESULTS Serum miR-26a and miR-21 levels were found to be significantly downregulated in patients with severe cirrhosis scored at Child-Pugh class C in comparison to healthy controls (miR-26a p<0.01, and miR-21 p<0.001, respectively). The circulating miR-26a and miR-21 levels in patients were positively correlated with serum albumin concentration but negatively correlated with serum total bilirubin concentration and prothrombin time. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that both serum miR-26a and miR-21 levels were associated with a high diagnostic accuracy for patients with cirrhosis scored at Child-Pugh class C (miR-26a Cut-off fold change at ≤0.4, Sensitivity: 84.62%, Specificity: 89.36%, P<0.0001; miR-21 Cut-off fold change at ≤0.6, Sensitivity: 84.62%, Specificity: 78.72%, P<0.0001). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the circulating levels of miR-26a and miR-21 are closely related to the extent of liver decompensation, and the decreased levels are capable of discriminating patients with cirrhosis at Child-Pugh class C from the whole cirrhosis cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shili Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- E-Institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yongping Mu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.,E-Institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Committee, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Forrester SJ, Booz GW, Sigmund CD, Coffman TM, Kawai T, Rizzo V, Scalia R, Eguchi S. Angiotensin II Signal Transduction: An Update on Mechanisms of Physiology and Pathophysiology. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:1627-1738. [PMID: 29873596 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00038.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 621] [Impact Index Per Article: 103.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system plays crucial roles in cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology. However, many of the signaling mechanisms have been unclear. The angiotensin II (ANG II) type 1 receptor (AT1R) is believed to mediate most functions of ANG II in the system. AT1R utilizes various signal transduction cascades causing hypertension, cardiovascular remodeling, and end organ damage. Moreover, functional cross-talk between AT1R signaling pathways and other signaling pathways have been recognized. Accumulating evidence reveals the complexity of ANG II signal transduction in pathophysiology of the vasculature, heart, kidney, and brain, as well as several pathophysiological features, including inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and aging. In this review, we provide a comprehensive update of the ANG II receptor signaling events and their functional significances for potential translation into therapeutic strategies. AT1R remains central to the system in mediating physiological and pathophysiological functions of ANG II, and participation of specific signaling pathways becomes much clearer. There are still certain limitations and many controversies, and several noteworthy new concepts require further support. However, it is expected that rigorous translational research of the ANG II signaling pathways including those in large animals and humans will contribute to establishing effective new therapies against various diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Forrester
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - George W Booz
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Curt D Sigmund
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Thomas M Coffman
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tatsuo Kawai
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Victor Rizzo
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Rosario Scalia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| | - Satoru Eguchi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi ; Department of Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension Research, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa , Iowa City, Iowa ; and Duke-NUS, Singapore and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|