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Xiao W, Shrimali N, Oldham WM, Clish CB, He H, Wong SJ, Wertheim BM, Arons E, Haigis MC, Leopold JA, Loscalzo J. Branched chain α-ketoacids aerobically activate HIF1α signaling in vascular cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.29.595538. [PMID: 38853866 PMCID: PMC11160772 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.29.595538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) is a master regulator of numerous biological processes under low oxygen tensions. Yet, the mechanisms and biological consequences of aerobic HIF1α activation by intrinsic factors, particularly in primary cells remain elusive. Here, we show that HIF1α signaling is activated in several human primary vascular cells under ambient oxygen tensions, and in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of normal human lung tissue, which contributed to a relative resistance to further enhancement of glycolytic activity in hypoxia. Mechanistically, aerobic HIFα activation is mediated by paracrine secretion of three branched chain α-ketoacids (BCKAs), which suppress prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 (PHD2) activity via direct inhibition and via lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA)-mediated generation of L-2-hydroxyglutarate (L2HG). Metabolic dysfunction induced by BCKAs was observed in the lungs of rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from idiopathic PAH patients. BCKA supplementation stimulated glycolytic activity and promoted a phenotypic switch to the synthetic phenotype in PASMCs of normal and PAH subjects. In summary, we identify BCKAs as novel signaling metabolites that activate HIF1α signaling in normoxia and that the BCKA-HIF1α pathway modulates VSMC function and may be relevant to pulmonary vascular pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wusheng Xiao
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Compatibility Toxicology, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Nishith Shrimali
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - William M. Oldham
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Clary B. Clish
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Huamei He
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Samantha J. Wong
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bradley M. Wertheim
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elena Arons
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Marcia C. Haigis
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jane A. Leopold
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Divisions of Cardiovascular Medicine and Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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2
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Guo QY, Song JN, Chen YM, Yuan HN, Xue WS, Sun Y, Niu XL, Wang Y, Chen X. IL-6 regulates epithelial ovarian cancer EMT, invasion, and metastasis by modulating Let-7c and miR-200c through the STAT3/HIF-1α pathway. Med Oncol 2024; 41:155. [PMID: 38744773 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02328-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) play important roles in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and tumor development. Previous studies have demonstrated that IL-6 promotes EMT, invasion, and metastasis in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells by activating the STAT3/HIF-1α pathway. MicroRNA (miRNA) is non-coding small RNAs that also play an important role in tumor development. Notably, Let-7 and miR-200 families are prominently altered in EOC. However, whether IL-6 regulates the expression of Let-7 and miR-200 families through the STAT3/HIF-1α signaling to induce EMT in EOC remains poorly understood. In this study, we conducted in vitro and in vivo investigations using two EOC cell lines, SKOV3, and OVCAR3 cells. Our findings demonstrate that IL-6 down-regulates the mRNA levels of Let-7c and miR-200c while up-regulating their target genes HMGA2 and ZEB1 through the STAT3/HIF-1α signaling in EOC cells and in vivo. Additionally, to explore the regulatory role of HIF-1α on miRNAs, both exogenous HIF blockers YC-1 and endogenous high expression or inhibition of HIF-1α can be utilized. Both approaches can confirm that the downstream molecule HIF-1α inhibits the expression and function of Let-7c and miR-200c. Further mechanistic research revealed that the overexpression of Let-7c or miR-200c can reverse the malignant evolution of EOC cells induced by IL-6, including EMT, invasion, and metastasis. Consequently, our results suggest that IL-6 regulates the expression of Let-7c and miR-200c through the STAT3/HIF-1α pathway, thereby promoting EMT, invasion, and metastasis in EOC cells.
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MESH Headings
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- Humans
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Female
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Interleukin-6/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Animals
- Signal Transduction
- Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/pathology
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/genetics
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Mice, Nude
- Mice
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Yun Guo
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
- School of Pharmacy and Biological Technology, Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Jiang Nan Song
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, No.220, Chenglin Road, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - Yu Meng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Hai Ning Yuan
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Wen Shu Xue
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, No.220, Chenglin Road, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Xiu Long Niu
- Institute of Prevention and Treatment of Dermatosis in Alpine Environment of Plateau, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300162, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.10 Poyang Lake Road, Jinghai District, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, No.220, Chenglin Road, Dongli District, Tianjin, 300162, China
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3
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Yuan X, Ruan W, Bobrow B, Carmeliet P, Eltzschig HK. Targeting hypoxia-inducible factors: therapeutic opportunities and challenges. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2024; 23:175-200. [PMID: 38123660 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-023-00848-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are highly conserved transcription factors that are crucial for adaptation of metazoans to limited oxygen availability. Recently, HIF activation and inhibition have emerged as therapeutic targets in various human diseases. Pharmacologically desirable effects of HIF activation include erythropoiesis stimulation, cellular metabolism optimization during hypoxia and adaptive responses during ischaemia and inflammation. By contrast, HIF inhibition has been explored as a therapy for various cancers, retinal neovascularization and pulmonary hypertension. This Review discusses the biochemical mechanisms that control HIF stabilization and the molecular strategies that can be exploited pharmacologically to activate or inhibit HIFs. In addition, we examine medical conditions that benefit from targeting HIFs, the potential side effects of HIF activation or inhibition and future challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Yuan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Wei Ruan
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bentley Bobrow
- Department of Emergency Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis & Vascular Heterogeneity, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Holger K Eltzschig
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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4
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He YZG, Wang YX, Ma JS, Li RN, Wang J, Lian TY, Zhou YP, Yang HP, Sun K, Jing ZC. MicroRNAs and their regulators: Potential therapeutic targets in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Vascul Pharmacol 2023; 153:107216. [PMID: 37699495 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2023.107216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a complex and progressive disease characterized by pulmonary arterial remodeling. Despite that current combination therapy has shown improvement in morbidity and mortality, a better deciphering of the underlying pathological mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets is urgently needed to combat PAH. MicroRNA, the critical element in post-transcription mechanisms, mediates cellular functions mainly by tuning downstream target gene expression. Meanwhile, upstream regulators can regulate miRNAs in synthesis, transcription, and function. In vivo and in vitro studies have suggested that miRNAs and their regulators are involved in PAH. However, the miRNA-related regulatory mechanisms governing pulmonary vascular remodeling and right ventricular dysfunction remain elusive. Hence, this review summarized the controversial roles of miRNAs in PAH pathogenesis, focused on different miRNA-upstream regulators, including transcription factors, regulatory networks, and environmental stimuli, and finally proposed the prospects and challenges for the therapeutic application of miRNAs and their regulators in PAH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Zhi-Ge He
- Center for bioinformatics, National Infrastructures for Translational Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Wang
- Laboratory Department of Qingzhou People's Hospital, Qingzhou 262500, Shandong, China
| | - Jing-Si Ma
- Department of School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475100, Henan, China
| | - Ruo-Nan Li
- Department of School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475100, Henan, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Tian-Yu Lian
- Medical Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yu-Ping Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Hao-Pu Yang
- Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Medical Science Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Zhi-Cheng Jing
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China.
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5
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Zhao Y, Xiong W, Li C, Zhao R, Lu H, Song S, Zhou Y, Hu Y, Shi B, Ge J. Hypoxia-induced signaling in the cardiovascular system: pathogenesis and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:431. [PMID: 37981648 PMCID: PMC10658171 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01652-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, characterized by reduced oxygen concentration, is a significant stressor that affects the survival of aerobic species and plays a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases. From the research history and milestone events related to hypoxia in cardiovascular development and diseases, The "hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) switch" can be observed from both temporal and spatial perspectives, encompassing the occurrence and progression of hypoxia (gradual decline in oxygen concentration), the acute and chronic manifestations of hypoxia, and the geographical characteristics of hypoxia (natural selection at high altitudes). Furthermore, hypoxia signaling pathways are associated with natural rhythms, such as diurnal and hibernation processes. In addition to innate factors and natural selection, it has been found that epigenetics, as a postnatal factor, profoundly influences the hypoxic response and progression within the cardiovascular system. Within this intricate process, interactions between different tissues and organs within the cardiovascular system and other systems in the context of hypoxia signaling pathways have been established. Thus, it is the time to summarize and to construct a multi-level regulatory framework of hypoxia signaling and mechanisms in cardiovascular diseases for developing more therapeutic targets and make reasonable advancements in clinical research, including FDA-approved drugs and ongoing clinical trials, to guide future clinical practice in the field of hypoxia signaling in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weidong Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chaofu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ranzun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuai Song
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yiqing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Bei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, National Health Commission, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viral Heart Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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6
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Wang G, Luo Y, Gao X, Liang Y, Yang F, Wu J, Fang D, Luo M. MicroRNA regulation of phenotypic transformations in vascular smooth muscle: relevance to vascular remodeling. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:144. [PMID: 37165163 PMCID: PMC11071847 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04793-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) phenotype play a critical role in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and restenosis after angioplasty. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous noncoding RNAs (approximately 19-25 nucleotides in length) that function as regulators in various physiological and pathophysiological events. Recent studies have suggested that aberrant miRNAs' expression might underlie VSMC phenotypic transformation, appearing to regulate the phenotypic transformations of VSMCs by targeting specific genes that either participate in the maintenance of the contractile phenotype or contribute to the transformation to alternate phenotypes, and affecting atherosclerosis, hypertension, and coronary artery disease by altering VSMC proliferation, migration, differentiation, inflammation, calcification, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, suggesting an important regulatory role in vascular remodeling for maintaining vascular homeostasis. This review outlines recent progress in the discovery of miRNAs and elucidation of their mechanisms of action and functions in VSMC phenotypic regulation. Importantly, as the literature supports roles for miRNAs in modulating vascular remodeling and for maintaining vascular homeostasis, this area of research will likely provide new insights into clinical diagnosis and prognosis and ultimately facilitate the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yulin Luo
- GCP Center, Affiliated Hospital (Traditional Chinese Medicine) of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Liang
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Feifei Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Mao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Longmatan District, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Department of Pharmacology, the School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
- Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
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7
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Ma B, Cao Y, Qin J, Chen Z, Hu G, Li Q. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell phenotypic switching: A key event in the early stage of pulmonary artery hypertension. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103559. [PMID: 36958640 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a currently incurable pulmonary vascular disease. Since current research on PAH is mainly aimed at the middle and late stages of disease progression, no satisfactory results have been achieved. This has led researchers to focus on the early stages of PAH. This review highlights for the first time a key event in the early stages of PAH progression, namely, the occurrence of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) phenotypic switching. Summarizing the related reports of performance conversion provides new perspectives and directions for the early pathological progression and treatment strategies for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Small Molecules for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Disease, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Small Molecules for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Disease, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Qin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Small Molecules for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Disease, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Small Molecules for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Disease, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Gaoyun Hu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Small Molecules for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Disease, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Qianbin Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Small Molecules for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Disease, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha 410013, Hunan, China.
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8
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Mao J, Ma L. Research progress on the mechanism of phenotypic transformation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells induced by hypoxia. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2022; 51:750-757. [PMID: 36915980 PMCID: PMC10262008 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2022-0282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic transformation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is a key factor in pulmonary vascular remodeling. Inhibiting or reversing phenotypic transformation can inhibit pulmonary vascular remodeling and control the progression of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Recent studies have shown that hypoxia causes intracellular peroxide metabolism to induce oxidative stress, induces multi-pathway signal transduction, including those related to autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, and also induces non-coding RNA regulation of cell marker protein expression, resulting in PASMCs phenotypic transformation. This article reviews recent research progress on mechanisms of hypoxia-induced phenotypic transformation of PASMCs, which may be helpful for finding targets to inhibit phenotypic transformation and to improve pulmonary vascular remodeling diseases such as hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Mao
- 1. Medical Institute of Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
- 2. Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
| | - Lan Ma
- 2. Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810001, China
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9
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Mitochondrial Regulation of the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor in the Development of Pulmonary Hypertension. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175219. [PMID: 36079149 PMCID: PMC9457092 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe progressive lung disorder characterized by pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling, culminating in right-sided heart failure and increased mortality. Data from animal models and human subjects demonstrated that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-related signaling is essential in the progression of PH. This review summarizes the regulatory pathways and mechanisms of HIF-mediated signaling, emphasizing the role of mitochondria in HIF regulation and PH pathogenesis. We also try to determine the potential to therapeutically target the components of the HIF system for the management of PH.
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10
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Luo A, Hao R, Zhou X, Jia Y, Tang H. Integrative Proteomic and Phosphoproteomic Analyses of Hypoxia-Treated Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells. Proteomes 2022; 10:proteomes10030023. [PMID: 35893764 PMCID: PMC9326561 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes10030023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) is one of the main causes of pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Hypoxia is an important factor related to PAH and can induce the excessive proliferation of PASMCs and inhibit apoptosis. To explore the possible mechanism of hypoxia-related PAH, human PASMCs are exposed to hypoxia for 24 h and tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic analyses are performed. Proteomic analysis revealed 134 proteins are significantly changed (p < 0.05, |log2 (fold change)| > log2 [1.1]), of which 48 proteins are upregulated and 86 are downregulated. Some of the changed proteins are verified by using qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Phosphoproteomic analysis identified 404 significantly changed (p < 0.05, |log2 (fold change)| > log2 [1.1]) phosphopeptides. Among them, 146 peptides are upregulated while 258 ones are downregulated. The kinase-substrate enrichment analysis revealed kinases such as P21 protein-activated kinase 1/2/4 (PAK1/2/4), protein-kinase cGMP-dependent 1 and 2 (PRKG1/2), and mitogen-activated protein-kinase 4/6/7 (MAP2K4/6/7) are significantly enriched and activated. For all the significantly changed proteins or phosphoproteins, a comprehensive pathway analysis is performed. In general, this study furthers our understanding of the mechanism of hypoxia-induced PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (R.H.); (X.Z.); (Y.J.)
- Correspondence: (A.L.); (H.T.)
| | - Rongrong Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (R.H.); (X.Z.); (Y.J.)
| | - Xia Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (R.H.); (X.Z.); (Y.J.)
| | - Yangfan Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (R.H.); (X.Z.); (Y.J.)
| | - Haiyang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Correspondence: (A.L.); (H.T.)
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11
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Zhu T, Wang X, Zheng Z, Quan J, Liu Y, Wang Y, Liu T, Liu X, Wang M, Zhang Z. ZIP12 Contributes to Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension by Driving Phenotypic Switching of Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 79:235-243. [PMID: 34694243 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT ZIP12, a plasmalemmal zinc transporter, reportedly promotes pulmonary vascular remodeling (PVR) by enhancing proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). However, the mechanisms of ZIP12 facilitating PASMCs proliferation remain incompletely appreciated. It has been acknowledged that proliferation-predisposing phenotypic switching of PASMCs can lead to PVR. Given that hypoxia triggers phenotypic switching of PASMCs and ZIP12 mediates PVR, this study aims to explore whether ZIP12-mediated phenotypic switching of PASMCs contributes to hypoxia-induced PVR. Rats were exposed to hypoxia (10% O2) for 3 weeks to induce PVR, and primary rat PASMCs were cultured under hypoxic condition (3% O2) for 48 hours to induce proliferation. Immunofluorescence, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis were performed to detect the expression of target mRNAs and proteins. EdU incorporation and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium assay were conducted to measure the proliferation of PASMCs. Hypoxia upregulated ZIP12 expression (both mRNA and protein) in pulmonary arteries and PASMCs. Knockdown of ZIP12 inhibited phenotypic switching of PASMCs induced by hypoxia. We propose that HIF-1α/ZIP12/pERK pathway could represent a novel mechanism underlying hypoxia-induced phenotypic switching of PASMCs. Therapeutic targeting of ZIP12 could be exploited to treat PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China ; and
| | - Zijie Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China ; and
| | - Jinping Quan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yuhao Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Tianheng Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Mi Wang
- The Department of Cardiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China ; and
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12
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Hadj-Moussa H, Hawkins LJ, Storey KB. Role of MicroRNAs in Extreme Animal Survival Strategies. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2257:311-347. [PMID: 34432286 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1170-8_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The critical role microRNAs play in modulating global functions is emerging, both in the maintenance of homeostatic mechanisms and in the adaptation to diverse environmental stresses. When stressed, cells must divert metabolic requirements toward immediate survival and eventual recovery and the unique features of miRNAs, such as their relatively ATP-inexpensive biogenesis costs, and the quick and reversible nature of their action, renders them excellent "master controllers" for rapid responses. Many animal survival strategies for dealing with extreme environmental pressures involve prolonged retreats into states of suspended animation to extend the time that they can survive on their limited internal fuel reserves until conditions improve. The ability to retreat into such hypometabolic states is only possible by coupling the global suppression of nonessential energy-expensive functions with an activation of prosurvival networks, a process in which miRNAs are now known to play a major role. In this chapter, we discuss the activation, expression, biogenesis, and unique attributes of miRNA regulation required to facilitate profound metabolic rate depression and implement stress-specific metabolic adaptations. We examine the role of miRNA in strategies of biochemical adaptation including mammalian hibernation, freeze tolerance, freeze avoidance, anoxia and hypoxia survival, estivation, and dehydration tolerance. By comparing these seemingly different adaptive programs in traditional and exotic animal models, we highlight both unique and conserved miRNA-meditated mechanisms for survival. Additional topics discussed include transcription factor networks, temperature dependent miRNA-targeting, and novel species-specific and stress-specific miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liam J Hawkins
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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13
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Zhang C, Gao J, Zhu S. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α promotes proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells through miRNA-103-mediated signaling pathway under hypoxia. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2021; 57:944-952. [PMID: 34888746 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-021-00607-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) activated during asthma development plays a causative role in the abnormal proliferation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells and consequential airway remodeling. Although the underlying mechanisms of HIF-1α activity have not been fully revealed, HIF-1α-regulated miRNA signaling is considered important for disrupted differentiation and proliferation of local cells in various tissues under inflammation. We aimed to identify the key miRNA signaling involved in HIF-1α regulation of the proliferation of ASM cells. This study was based on primary ASM cells isolated from adult male rats. Three percent O2 and 21% O2 were set as hypoxic and normoxic condition for ASM cell treatment, respectively. Knockdown of HIF-1α was performed through transfection of pSUPER-shHIF-1α plasmid. Overexpression and knockdown of miRNA-103 were performed through transfection of miRNA-103 mimic or inhibitor, respectively. Levels of HIF-1α, PTEN, and PCNA were determined with Western blot and RT-qPCR. Hypoxia increased HIF-1α and miRNA-103 expression and proliferation in ASM cells. Knockdown of HIF-1α suppressed hypoxia-induced upregulation of proliferation and miRNA-103 expression in ASM cells. Knockdown of miRNA-103 displayed similar effects as knockdown of HIF-1α in ASM cells under hypoxia, while overexpression of miRNA-103 played the opposite role. Additionally, increased or decreased expression of PTEN was also detected when HIF-1α/miRNA-103 was knocked down under hypoxia or miRNA-103 was overexpressed under normoxia, respectively. Our results suggest that HIF-1α promotes the proliferation of ASM cells via upregulating miRNA-103 expression under hypoxia, and PTEN is involved in the miRNA-103-mediated signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cantang Zhang
- Department of Respiration, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 89 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuyang Zhu
- Department of Respiration, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 89 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221000, Jiangsu, China.
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14
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An Overview of miRNAs Involved in PASMC Phenotypic Switching in Pulmonary Hypertension. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5765029. [PMID: 34660794 PMCID: PMC8516547 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5765029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is occult, with no distinctive clinical manifestations and a poor prognosis. Pulmonary vascular remodelling is an important pathological feature in which pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) phenotypic switching plays a crucial role. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of evolutionarily highly conserved single-stranded small noncoding RNAs. An increasing number of studies have shown that miRNAs play an important role in the occurrence and development of PH by regulating PASMCs phenotypic switching, which is expected to be a potential target for the prevention and treatment of PH. miRNAs such as miR-221, miR-15b, miR-96, miR-24, miR-23a, miR-9, miR-214, and miR-20a can promote PASMCs phenotypic switching, while such as miR-21, miR-132, miR-449, miR-206, miR-124, miR-30c, miR-140, and the miR-17~92 cluster can inhibit it. The article reviews the research progress on growth factor-related miRNAs and hypoxia-related miRNAs that mediate PASMCs phenotypic switching in PH.
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15
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Up-regulation of nPKC contributes to proliferation of mice pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 900:174046. [PMID: 33745958 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study is designed to investigate the role of novel protein kinases C (nPKC) in mediating pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and the underlying mechanisms. Mouse PASMCs was isolated using magnetic separation technology. The PASMCs were divided into 24 h group, 48 h group and 72 h group according to different hypoxia treatment time, then detected cell proliferation rate and nPKC expression level in each group. We treated PASMCs with agonists or inhibitors of PKCdelta (PKCδ) and PKCepsilon (PKCε) and exposed them to hypoxia or normoxia for 72 h, then measured the proliferation of PASMCs. We also constructed a lentiviral vector containing siRNA fragments for inhibiting PKCδ and PKCε to transfected PASMCs, then examined their proliferation. PASMCs isolated successfully by magnetic separation method and were in good condition. Hypoxia promoted the proliferation of PASMCs, and the treatment for 72 h had the most significant effect. Hypoxia upregulated the expression of PKCδ and PKCε in mouse PASMCs, leading to PASMCs proliferation. Moreover, Our study demonstrated that hypoxia induced upregulation of PKCδ and PKCε expression resulting to the proliferation of PASMCs via up-regulating the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK. Our study provides clear evidence that increased nPKC expression contributes to PASMCs proliferation and uncovers the correlation between AKT and ERK pathways and nPKC-mediated proliferation of PASMCs. These findings may provide novel targets for molecular therapy of pulmonary hypertension.
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16
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Pullamsetti SS, Mamazhakypov A, Weissmann N, Seeger W, Savai R. Hypoxia-inducible factor signaling in pulmonary hypertension. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:5638-5651. [PMID: 32881714 DOI: 10.1172/jci137558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by pulmonary artery remodeling that can subsequently culminate in right heart failure and premature death. Emerging evidence suggests that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling plays a fundamental and pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PH. This Review summarizes the regulation of HIF isoforms and their impact in various PH subtypes, as well as the elaborate conditional and cell-specific knockout mouse studies that brought the role of this pathway to light. We also discuss the current preclinical status of pan- and isoform-selective HIF inhibitors, and propose new research areas that may facilitate HIF isoform-specific inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy for PH and right heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Argen Mamazhakypov
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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17
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Song W, Liang Q, Cai M, Tian Z. HIF-1α-induced up-regulation of microRNA-126 contributes to the effectiveness of exercise training on myocardial angiogenesis in myocardial infarction rats. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12970-12979. [PMID: 32939968 PMCID: PMC7701575 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise training (ET) is a non‐drug natural rehabilitation approach for myocardial infarction (MI). Among the numerous beneficial effects of ET, myocardial angiogenesis is indispensable. In the present study, we investigated the role and mechanism of HIF‐1α and miR‐126 in ET‐induced MI myocardial angiogenesis which may provide new insights for MI treatment. Rat model of post‐MI and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were employed for our research. Histomorphology, immunohistochemistry, quantitative real‐time PCR, Western blotting and small‐interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection were applied to evaluate the morphological, functional and molecular mechanisms. In vivo results showed that 4‐week ET could significantly increase the expression of HIF‐1α and miR‐126 and reduce the expression of PIK3R2 and SPRED1, while 2ME2 (HIF‐1α inhibitor) partially attenuated the effect of ET treatment. In vitro results showed that HIF‐1α could trigger expression of miR‐126 in HUVECs in both normoxia and hypoxia, and miR‐126 may be involved in the tube formation of HUVECs under hypoxia through the PI3K/AKT/eNOS and MAPK signalling pathway. In conclusion, we revealed that HIF‐1α, whose expression experiences up‐regulation during ET, could function as an upstream regulator to miR‐126, resulting in angiogenesis promotion through the PI3K/AKT/eNOS and MAPK signalling pathway and subsequent improvement of the MI heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Song
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiaoqin Liang
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengxin Cai
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhenjun Tian
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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18
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Carregal-Romero S, Fadón L, Berra E, Ruíz-Cabello J. MicroRNA Nanotherapeutics for Lung Targeting. Insights into Pulmonary Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093253. [PMID: 32375361 PMCID: PMC7246754 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, the potential future role of microRNA-based therapies and their specific application in lung diseases is reported with special attention to pulmonary hypertension. Current limitations of these therapies will be pointed out in order to address the challenges that they need to face to reach clinical applications. In this context, the encapsulation of microRNA-based therapies in nanovectors has shown improvements as compared to chemically modified microRNAs toward enhanced stability, efficacy, reduced side effects, and local administration. All these concepts will contextualize in this review the recent achievements and expectations reported for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Carregal-Romero
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (S.C.-R.); (L.F.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Fadón
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (S.C.-R.); (L.F.)
| | - Edurne Berra
- Center for Cooperative Research in Bioscience (CIC bioGUNE), Buiding 800, Science and Technology Park of Bizkaia, 48160 Derio, Spain;
| | - Jesús Ruíz-Cabello
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain; (S.C.-R.); (L.F.)
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Bisserier M, Janostiak R, Lezoualc'h F, Hadri L. Targeting epigenetic mechanisms as an emerging therapeutic strategy in pulmonary hypertension disease. VASCULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 2:R17-R34. [PMID: 32161845 PMCID: PMC7065685 DOI: 10.1530/vb-19-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a multifactorial cardiopulmonary disease characterized by an elevation of pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), which can lead to right ventricular (RV) failure, multi-organ dysfunction, and ultimately to premature death. Despite the advances in molecular biology, the mechanisms underlying pulmonary hypertension (PH) remain unclear. Nowadays, there is no curative treatment for treating PH. Therefore, it is crucial to identify novel, specific therapeutic targets and to offer more effective treatments against the progression of PH. Increasing amounts of evidence suggest that epigenetic modification may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of PAH. In the presented paper, we provide an overview of the epigenetic mechanisms specifically, DNA methylation, histone acetylation, histone methylation, and ncRNAs. As the recent identification of new pharmacological drugs targeting these epigenetic mechanisms has opened new therapeutic avenues, we also discuss the importance of epigenetic-based therapies in the context of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Bisserier
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Radoslav Janostiak
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Frank Lezoualc'h
- Inserm, UMR-1048, Institut des Maladies Metaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, University of Toulouse, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Lahouaria Hadri
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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20
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Fan J, Fan X, Guang H, Shan X, Tian Q, Zhang F, Chen R, Ye F, Quan H, Zhang H, Ding L, Gan Z, Xue F, Wang Y, Mao S, Hu L, Gong Y. Upregulation of miR-335-3p by NF-κB Transcriptional Regulation Contributes to the Induction of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension via APJ during Hypoxia. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:515-528. [PMID: 32015687 PMCID: PMC6990898 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.34517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a cardiopulmonary disease that can lead to heart failure and eventually death. MicroRNAs (miRs) play essential roles during PAH progression; however, their exact mechanism of action remains unclear. Apelin is a small bioactive peptide with a key protective function in the pathogenesis of PAH mediated by binding to the APJ gene. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of miR-335-3p in chronic normobaric hypoxia (CNH)-induced PAH in mice and the potential underlying regulatory mechanism. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to normoxia (~21% O2) or CNH (~10% O2, 23 h/d) for 5 weeks. MiR-335-3p was significantly increased in lung tissue of CNH-induced PAH mice. Blocking miR-335-3p attenuated CNH-induced PAH and alleviated pulmonary vascular remodeling. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay indicated that nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-κB) acted as a transcriptional regulator upstream of miR-335-3p. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate treatment reversed the CNH-induced increase in miR-335-3p expression and diminished CNH-induced PAH. Moreover, p50-/- mice were resistant to CNH-induced PAH. Finally, APJ was identified as a direct targeting gene downstream of miR-335-3p, and pharmacological activation of APJ by its ligand apelin-13 reduced CNH-induced PAH and improved pulmonary vascular remodeling. Our results indicate that NF-κB-mediated transcriptional upregulation of miR-335-3p contributes to the inhibition of APJ and induction of PAH during hypoxia; hence, miR-335-3p could be a potential therapeutic target for hypoxic PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Fan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xiaofang Fan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Hui Guang
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Shan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Qiuyun Tian
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Fukun Zhang
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Fangzhou Ye
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Hui Quan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Haizeng Zhang
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Lu Ding
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Zhuohui Gan
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yongyu Wang
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Sunzhong Mao
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Lianggang Hu
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Institute of Hypoxia Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China
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21
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Zhao M, Chen N, Li X, Lin L, Chen X. MiR-19a modulates hypoxia-mediated cell proliferation and migration via repressing PTEN in human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle. Life Sci 2019; 239:116928. [PMID: 31682848 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM The dysfunction of human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (HPASMCs) has been suggested to participate in the pathophysiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This study determined miR-19a expression in hypoxia-induced HPASMCs and explored the mechanistic actions of miR-19a in hypoxia-induced HPASMC proliferation and migration. METHODS QRT-PCR and western blot assays respectively determined the mRNA and protein expression of miR-19a, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α). In vitro functional assays determined HPASMC proliferation and migration, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay determined interaction between miR-19a and PTEN. The knockdown effects of miR-19a on PAH were confirmed in in vivo mice model. RESULTS Hypoxia treatment time-dependently up-regulated miR-19a expression and enhanced cell proliferation in HPASMCs. MiR-19a overexpression increased cell proliferation and migration of HPASMCs, while repression of miR-19a reduced cell proliferative and migratory potentials of hypoxia-treated HPASMCs. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay showed that PTEN 3' untranslated region was targeted by miR-19a, and miR-19a repressed the mRNA and protein expression of PTEN in HPASMCs. Further rescue studies revealed that miR-19a regulated proliferative and migratory potentials of hypoxia-treated HPASMCs via suppressing PTEN expression. In addition, HIF-1α was identified as one of the mediators for the hypoxia-induced aberrant expression levels of miR-19a and PTEN. MiR-19a overexpression enhanced PI3K/AKT signaling, which was attenuated by enforced expression of PTEN in HPASMCs. More importantly, knockdown of miR-19 attenuated the chronic hypoxia-induced PAH in in vivo mice model. CONCLUSION This study presented a novel mechanistic action of miR-19a-mediated cell proliferation and migration of HPASMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Sanya Central Hospital (The Third People's Hospital of Hainan Province), Sanya City, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Ni Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou City, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Xuelian Li
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sanya Central Hospital (The Third People's Hospital of Hainan Province), Sanya City, Hainan Province, China.
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Hypoxia Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation through microRNA-Mediated Suppression of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080802. [PMID: 31370272 PMCID: PMC6721514 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is essential to maintain vascular homeostasis. Hypoxia induces abnormal proliferation of VSMCs and causes vascular proliferative disorders, such as pulmonary hypertension and atherosclerosis. As several cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) complexes and CDK inhibitors (CKIs) control cell proliferation, in this study, we investigated CKIs involved in the hypoxia-induced proliferation process of human primary pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells to understand the underlying molecular mechanism. We demonstrated that p15, p16, and p21 are downregulated in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells when exposed to hypoxia. In addition, we identified novel hypoxia-induced microRNAs (hypoxamiRs) including miR-497, miR-1268a, and miR-665 that are upregulated under hypoxia and post-transcriptionally regulate p15, p16, and p21 genes, respectively, by directly targeting their 3'UTRs. These miRNAs promoted the proliferation of VSMCs, and their inhibition decreased VSMC proliferation even in hypoxic conditions. Overall, this study revealed that miRNA-mediated regulatory mechanism of CKIs is essential for hypoxia-induced proliferation of VSMCs. These findings provide insights for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of vascular proliferative disorders.
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Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase Domain Protein 3-Inhibited Smooth-Muscle-Cell Dedifferentiation Improves Cardiac Perivascular Fibrosis Induced by Obstructive Sleep Apnea. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9174218. [PMID: 31346526 PMCID: PMC6621170 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9174218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Intermittent hypoxia (IH) induced by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a leading factor affecting cardiovascular fibrosis. Under IH condition, smooth muscle cells (SMAs) respond by dedifferentiation, which is associated with vascular remodelling. The expression of prolyl 4-hydroxylase domain protein 3 (PHD3) increases under hypoxia. However, the role of PHD3 in OSA-induced SMA dedifferentiation and cardiovascular fibrosis remains uncertain. Methods We explored the mechanism of cardiovascular remodelling in C57BL/6 mice exposed to IH for 3 months and investigated the mechanism of PHD3 in improving the remodelling in vivo and vitro. Results In vivo remodelling showed that IH induced cardiovascular fibrosis via SMC dedifferentiation and that fibrosis improved when PHD3 was overexpressed. In vitro remodelling showed that IH induced SMA dedifferentiation, which secretes much collagen I. PHD3 overexpression in cultured SMCs reversed the dedifferentiation by degrading and inactivating HIF-1α. Conclusion OSA-induced cardiovascular fibrosis was associated with SMC dedifferentiation, and PHD3 overexpression may benefit its prevention by reversing the dedifferentiation. Therefore, PHD3 overexpression has therapeutic potential in disease treatment.
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Shan F, Huang Z, Xiong R, Huang Q, Li J. HIF1α‐induced upregulation of KLF4 promotes migration of human vascular smooth muscle cells under hypoxia. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:141-150. [PMID: 31270801 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabo Shan
- Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing P.R. China
| | - Zhizhong Huang
- Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing P.R. China
| | - Renping Xiong
- Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing P.R. China
| | - Qing‐Yuan Huang
- Department of Cold Environmental Medicine College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Army Medical University Chongqing P.R. China
| | - Junxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Second Department of Research Institute of Surgery Daping Hospital, Army Medical University Chongqing P.R. China
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Lu X, Ma ST, Zhou B, Lı T. MiR-9 promotes the phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells by targeting KLF5. Turk J Med Sci 2019; 49:928-938. [PMID: 31122000 PMCID: PMC7018344 DOI: 10.3906/sag-1710-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Diabetic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are characterized by increased proliferation and migration. Small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) have been considered critical modulators of the VSMC phenotypic switch after an environmental stimulus. However, microRNA in high glucose-induced proinflammation and its atherogenic effect is still ambiguous. Materials and methods The technique of qRT-PCR was used to examine the expression of miR-9 in VSMCs. The downstream signaling protein relative to miR-9 regulation, Krüppel-like factor 5, and some marker genes of contractile VSMCs were analyzed by western blotting and qRT-PCR. Luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the expression of KLF5, which is regulated by miR-9. To examine the function of a miR-9 inhibitor in VSMC proliferation and migration, VSMC proliferation and migration assays were performed. Results Reduced transcriptional levels of miR-9 and expression of specific genes of contractile VSMCs were observed in the SMC cell line C-12511 treated with high glucose and SMCs, which were isolated from db/db mice. Moreover, the activity of KLF5 3′-UTR was dramatically reduced by a miR-9 mimic and increased by a miR-9 inhibitor. The proliferation and migration of SMCs were reduced by the miR-9 mimic. Conclusion miR-9 inhibits the proliferation and migration of SMC by targeting KLF5 in db/db mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Lu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Tang Ma
- Food and Drug College, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Geriatric, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tieling Lı
- Department of Cadre Clinic, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
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26
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Wang Y, Yan L, Zhang Z, Prado E, Fu L, Xu X, Du L. Epigenetic Regulation and Its Therapeutic Potential in Pulmonary Hypertension. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:241. [PMID: 29615911 PMCID: PMC5870037 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in epigenetics have made a tremendous impact on our knowledge of biological phenomena and the environmental stressors on complex diseases. Understanding the mechanism of epigenetic reprogramming during the occurrence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is important for advanced studies and clinical therapy. In this article, we review the discovery of novel epigenetic mechanisms associated with PH including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNA interference. In addition, we highlight the role of epigenetic mechanisms in adult PAH resulting from undesirable perinatal environments-Extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) and Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Lastly, we give a comprehensive summary for the remaining challenges and discuss future methods of epigenetic targeted therapy for pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingling Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziming Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Eric Prado
- Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Linchen Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lizhong Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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27
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Sun H, Shao Y, Huang J, Sun S, Liu Y, Zhou P, Yang H. Prognostic value of microRNA-9 in cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:67020-67032. [PMID: 27563807 PMCID: PMC5341854 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies revealed that different microRNA-9 (miR-9) expressions were associated with prognoses of different cancers. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic value of miR-9. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library (last update by November 30, 2015) were searched for literatures. A total of 17 studies from 16 articles were finally qualified and enrolled in this meta-analysis. Pooled analyses showed that a higher expression of miR-9 might predict poor overall survival (HR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.39 – 3.41, P < 0.001 (7.23 * 10−4)), disease-free survival (HR: 5.22, 95% CI: 2.17 – 12.53, P < 0.001 (2.21 * 10−4)), and recurrence-free survival (HR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.32 – 1.85, P < 0.001 (1.80*10−7)) in various carcinomas. However, results of subgroup analyses revealed that down-regulated miR-9 was associated with poor overall survival (HR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.28 – 0.73, P < 0.001 (1.13*10−3)) and progress-free survival (HR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.34 – 0.62, P < 0.001 (5.03*10−7)) in ovarian cancer patients. By subgroup analyses we also found that sample collecting time and patients’ origin had little influence on the result of OS. These results indicate that in most cancer types the highly expressed miR-9 is associated with poor survival of patients, whereas the down-regulated miR-9 may predict poor prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yingjie Shao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, P.R. China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, P.R. China
| | - Siwei Sun
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P.R. China
| | - Yijie Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P.R. China
| | - Pinghui Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P.R. China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P.R. China
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28
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Morin MD, Frigault JJ, Lyons PJ, Crapoulet N, Boquel S, Storey KB, Morin PJ. Amplification and quantification of cold-associated microRNAs in the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) agricultural pest. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 26:574-583. [PMID: 28574638 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Colorado potato beetle [Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say)] is an important insect pest that can inflict considerable damage to potato plants. This insect can survive extended periods of cold exposure, and yet the molecular switches underlying this phenomenon have not been fully elucidated. A better characterization of this process would highlight novel vulnerabilities associated with L. decemlineata that could serve as targets for the management of this devastating pest. Using high-throughput sequencing, the current work reveals a cold-associated signature group of microRNAs (miRNAs) in control (15 °C) and -5 °C-exposed L. decemlineata. The results show 42 differentially expressed miRNAs following cold exposure including miR-9a-3p, miR-210-3p, miR-276-5p and miR-277-3p. Functional analysis of predicted targets associated with these cold-responsive miRNAs notably linked these changes with vital metabolic and cellular processes. Overall, this study highlights the miRNAs probably responsible for facilitating cold adaptation in L. decemlineata and implicates miRNAs as a key molecular target to consider in the development of novel pest management strategies against these insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Morin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - J J Frigault
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - P J Lyons
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - N Crapoulet
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - S Boquel
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - K B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - P Jr Morin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada
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29
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Chen D, Gao W, Wang S, Ni B, Gao Y. Critical effects of epigenetic regulation in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:3789-3808. [PMID: 28573430 PMCID: PMC11107652 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2551-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by persistent pulmonary vasoconstriction and pulmonary vascular remodeling. The pathogenic mechanisms of PAH remain to be fully clarified and measures of effective prevention are lacking. Recent studies; however, have indicated that epigenetic processes may exert pivotal influences on PAH pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize the latest research findings regarding epigenetic regulation in PAH, focusing on the roles of non-coding RNAs, histone modifications, ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling and DNA methylation, and discuss the potential of epigenetic-based therapies for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewei Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Pathology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of PLA, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiang Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Pathology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of PLA, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouxian Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Pathology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of PLA, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Pathology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of PLA, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuqi Gao
- Institute of Medicine and Hygienic Equipment for High Altitude Region, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Medicine of PLA, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Katakowski M, Charteris N, Chopp M, Khain E. Density-Dependent Regulation of Glioma Cell Proliferation and Invasion Mediated by miR-9. CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2016; 9:149-159. [PMID: 27975329 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-016-0190-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The phenotypic axis of invasion and proliferation in malignant glioma cells is a well-documented phenomenon. Invasive glioma cells exhibit a decreased proliferation rate and a resistance to apoptosis, and invasive tumor cells dispersed in brain subsequently revert to proliferation and contribute to secondary tumor formation. One miRNA can affect dozens of mRNAs, and some miRNAs are potent oncogenes. Multiple miRNAs are implicated in glioma malignancy, and several of which have been identified to regulate tumor cell motility and division. Using rat 9 L gliosarcoma and human U87 glioblastoma cell lines, we investigated miRNAs associated with the switch between glioma cell invasion and proliferation. Using micro-dissection of 9 L glioma tumor xenografts in rat brain, we identified disparate expression of miR-9 between cells within the periphery of the primary tumor, and those comprising tumor islets within the invasive zone. Modifying miR-9 expression in in vitro assays, we report that miR-9 controls the axis of glioma cell invasion/proliferation, and that its contribution to invasion or proliferation is biphasic and dependent upon local tumor cell density. In addition, immunohistochemistry revealed elevated hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in the invasive zone as compared to the primary tumor periphery. We also found that hypoxia promotes miR-9 expression in glioma cells. Based upon these findings, we propose a hypothesis for the contribution of miR-9 to the dynamics glioma invasion and satellite tumor formation in brain adjacent to tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Katakowski
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | | | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Evgeniy Khain
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
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Partial Oxygen Pressure Affects the Expression of Prognostic Biomarkers HIF-1 Alpha, Ki67, and CK20 in the Microenvironment of Colorectal Cancer Tissue. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:1204715. [PMID: 27974949 PMCID: PMC5126433 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1204715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is prognostically important in colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy. Partial oxygen pressure (pO2) is an important parameter of hypoxia. The correlation between pO2 levels and expression levels of prognostic biomarkers was measured in CRC tissues. Human CRC tissues were collected and pO2 levels were measured by OxyLite. Three methods for tissue fixation were compared, including formalin, Finefix, and Finefix-plus-microwave. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was conducted by using the avidin-biotin complex technique for detecting the antibodies to hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) alpha, cytokeratin 20 (CK20), and cell proliferation factor Ki67. The levels of pO2 were negatively associated with the size of CRC tissues. Finefix-plus-microwave fixation has the potential to replace formalin. Additionally, microwave treatment improved Finefix performance in tissue fixation and protein preservation. The percentage of positive cells and gray values of HIF-1 alpha, CK20, and Ki67 were associated with CRC development (P < 0.05). The levels of pO2 were positively related with the gray values of Ki67 and negatively related with the values of HIF-1 alpha and CK20 (P < 0.05). Thus, the levels of microenvironmental pO2 affect the expression of predictive biomarkers HIF-1 alpha, CK20, and Ki67 in the development of CRC tissues.
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Li Y, Shi B, Huang L, Wang X, Yu X, Guo B, Ren W. Suppression of the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α by RNA interference alleviates hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in adult rats. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:1786-1794. [PMID: 27748831 PMCID: PMC5117750 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, the potential clinical value of HIF-1α as a therapeutic target in the treatment of PH has not yet been evaluated. In this study, an animal model of hypoxia-induced PH was established by exposing adult rats to 10% O2 for 3 weeks, and the effects of the lentivirus-mediated delivery of HIF-1α short hairpin RNA (shRNA) by intratracheal instillation prior to exposure to hypoxia on the manifestations of hypoxia-induced PH were assessed. The successful delivery of HIF-1α shRNA into the pulmonary arteries effectively suppressed the hypoxia-induced upregulation of HIF-1α, accompanied by the prominent attenuation the symptoms associated with hypoxia-induced PH, including the elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure, hypertrophy and hyperplasia of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), as well as the muscularization of pulmonary arterioles. In addition, the knockdown of HIF-1α in cultured rat primary PASMCs significantly inhibited the hypoxia-induced acceleration of the cell cycle and the proliferation of the PASMCs, suggesting that HIF-1α may be a direct mediator of PASMC hyperplasia in hypoxia-induced PH. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potent suppressive effects of HIF-1α shRNA on hypoxia-induced PH and PASMC hyperplasia, providing evidence for the potential application of HIF-1α shRNA in the treatment of hypoxic PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Bo Shi
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaona Yu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Baosheng Guo
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Weidong Ren
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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Huston JH, Ryan JJ. The emerging role of epigenetics in pulmonary arterial hypertension: an important avenue for clinical trials (2015 Grover Conference Series). Pulm Circ 2016; 6:274-84. [PMID: 27683604 DOI: 10.1086/687765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics is an emerging field of research and clinical trials in cancer therapy that also has applications for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), as there is evidence that epigenetic control of gene expression plays a significant role in PAH. The three types of epigenetic modification include DNA methylation, histone modification, and RNA interference. All three have been shown to be involved in the development of PAH. Currently, the enzymes that perform these modifications are the primary targets of neoplastic therapy. These targets are starting to be explored for therapies in PAH, mostly in animal models. In this review we summarize the basics of each type of epigenetic modification and the known sites and molecules involved in PAH, as well as current targets and prospects for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica H Huston
- Department of Medicine, Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - John J Ryan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Gamen E, Seeger W, Pullamsetti SS. The emerging role of epigenetics in pulmonary hypertension. Eur Respir J 2016; 48:903-17. [PMID: 27492834 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01714-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics is usually defined as the study of changes in phenotype and gene expression not related to sequence alterations, but rather the chemical modifications of DNA and of its associated chromatin proteins. These modifications can be acquired de novo, being inherited, and represent the way in which genome and environment interact. Recent evidence points to the involvement of epigenetic changes in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension, as they can partly explain how environmental and lifestyle factors can impose susceptibility to pulmonary hypertension and can explain the phenotypic alteration and maintenance of the disease state.In this article, we review the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms that are mediated by DNA methylation, the post-translational modifications of histone tails and noncoding RNAs in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. Furthermore, pharmacological interventions aimed at epigenetic regulators/modifiers and their outcomes in different cellular and preclinical rodent models are discussed. Lastly, the remaining challenges and future directions in which to explore epigenetic-based therapies in pulmonary hypertension are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Gamen
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Dept of Lung Development and Remodelling, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Dept of Lung Development and Remodelling, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany University of Giessen Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Dept of Lung Development and Remodelling, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Bad Nauheim, Germany University of Giessen Lung Center (UGMLC), member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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Mohsenin V. The emerging role of microRNAs in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Sleep Breath 2016; 20:1059-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-016-1351-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Bischof C, Krishnan J. Exploiting the hypoxia sensitive non-coding genome for organ-specific physiologic reprogramming. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:1782-90. [PMID: 26851074 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this review we highlight the role of non-coding RNAs in the development and progression of cardiac pathology and explore the possibility of disease-associated RNAs serving as targets for cardiac-directed therapeutics. Contextually, we focus on the role of stress-induced hypoxia as a driver of disease development and progression through activation of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and explore mechanisms underlying HIFα function as an enforcer of cardiac pathology through direct transcriptional coupling with the non-coding transcriptome. In the interest of clarity, we will confine our analysis to cardiac pathology and focus on three defining features of the diseased state, namely metabolic, growth and functional reprogramming. It is the aim of this review to explore possible mechanisms through which HIF1α regulation of the non-coding transcriptome connects to spatiotemporal control of gene expression to drive establishment of the diseased state, and to propose strategies for the exploitation of these unique RNAs as targets for clinical therapy. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Cardiomyocyte Biology: Integration of Developmental and Environmental Cues in the Heart edited by Marcus Schaub and Hughes Abriel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Bischof
- MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jaya Krishnan
- MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom; Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Xu Y, An BY, Xi XB, Li ZW, Li FY. MicroRNA-9 controls apoptosis of neurons by targeting monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein 1 expression in rat acute spinal cord injury model. Brain Res Bull 2016; 121:233-40. [PMID: 26812136 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE For the purpose of an early identification of intervention targets for acute spinal cord injury (ASCI), we investigated the changes in expression levels of microRNA-9 (miR-9) and MCPIP1 in rat ASCI model. METHOD A total of 108 healthy rats were randomly divided into non-ASCI group (n=18) and five ASCI groups, 6h, 12h, 24h, 3 days and 7 days, representing the experimental time points following ASCI (n=18 per group). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to assess the ASCI damage, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH) were employed for the detection of miR-9 and MCPIP1 mRNA expression. RESULTS HE staining results showed normal neuronal morphology in the non-ASCI group, but spinal cord tissue at 6h after ASCI showed developing neuronal necrosis. Acute inflammatory response was evident at 12h and 24h, with immune cells infiltrating into the gray matter. Vascular permeability increased and the nerve cells in gray-white matter exhibited extensive damage and necrosis at 24h and 7 days after ASCI. MiR-9 expression in ASCI tissue was significantly lower than that in normal spinal cord tissue. Statistical analysis showed a significant decrease in miR-9 expression in all the ASCI groups, compared to the non-ASCI group. Results from real-time PCR analysis revealed that MCPIP1 expression in all the ASCI groups was significantly higher than the non-ASCI group, and MCPIP1 expressions gradually increased with times at 6h-24h after ASCI. ISH revealed the following results after ASCI (1) miR-9 and MCPIP1 mRNA expression mainly distributed in ventral horn motor neurons, (2) miR-9 expression was high at 7 day after ASCI and (3) in the non-ASCI group, MCPIP1 expression was high at 6h, 12h, 24h and 3 days. CONCLUSION MCPIP1 is significantly up-regulated after ASCI. The negative relationship between MCPIP1 and miR-9 suggest that MCPIP1 mRNA could be a target of miR-9 during ASCI. Thus, miR-9 is a marker for apoptosis in neurons, and an excellent therapeutic target for ASCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- Shanghai Traumatology and Orthopedics Research Institute, Shanghai 200020, China; Department of Traumatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medcine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Bao-Yan An
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medcine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Xi
- Department of Traumatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medcine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhong-Wei Li
- Shanghai Traumatology and Orthopedics Research Institute, Shanghai 200020, China; Department of Traumatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medcine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Fei-Yue Li
- Shanghai Traumatology and Orthopedics Research Institute, Shanghai 200020, China; Department of Traumatology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medcine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Labrousse-Arias D, Castillo-González R, Rogers NM, Torres-Capelli M, Barreira B, Aragonés J, Cogolludo Á, Isenberg JS, Calzada MJ. HIF-2α-mediated induction of pulmonary thrombospondin-1 contributes to hypoxia-driven vascular remodelling and vasoconstriction. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 109:115-30. [PMID: 26503986 PMCID: PMC4692290 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Hypoxic conditions stimulate pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodelling, both pathognomonic changes in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The secreted protein thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) is involved in the maintenance of lung homeostasis. New work identified a role for TSP1 in promoting PAH. Nonetheless, it is largely unknown how hypoxia regulates TSP1 in the lung and whether this contributes to pathological events during PAH. Methods and results In cell and animal experiments, we found that hypoxia induces TSP1 in lungs, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, and pulmonary fibroblasts. Using a murine model of constitutive hypoxia, gene silencing, and luciferase reporter experiments, we found that hypoxia-mediated induction of pulmonary TSP1 is a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2α-dependent process. Additionally, hypoxic tsp1−/− pulmonary fibroblasts and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell displayed decreased migration compared with wild-type (WT) cells. Furthermore, hypoxia-mediated induction of TSP1 destabilized endothelial cell–cell interactions. This provides genetic evidence that TSP1 contributes to vascular remodelling during PAH. Expanding cell data to whole tissues, we found that, under hypoxia, pulmonary arteries (PAs) from WT mice had significantly decreased sensitivity to acetylcholine (Ach)-stimulated endothelial-dependent vasodilation. In contrast, hypoxic tsp1−/− PAs retained sensitivity to Ach, mediated in part by TSP1 regulation of pulmonary Kv channels. Translating these preclinical studies, we find in the lungs from individuals with end-stage PAH, both TSP1 and HIF-2α protein expression increased in the pulmonary vasculature compared with non-PAH controls. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that HIF-2α is clearly implicated in the TSP1 pulmonary regulation and provide new insights on its contribution to PAH-driven vascular remodelling and vasoconstriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Labrousse-Arias
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma of Madrid, Diego de Leon 62, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Raquel Castillo-González
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma of Madrid, Diego de Leon 62, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Natasha M Rogers
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mar Torres-Capelli
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma of Madrid, Diego de Leon 62, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Bianca Barreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Aragonés
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma of Madrid, Diego de Leon 62, Madrid 28006, Spain
| | - Ángel Cogolludo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Spain
| | - Jeffrey S Isenberg
- Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA, USA Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1258, BST, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - María J Calzada
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma of Madrid, Diego de Leon 62, Madrid 28006, Spain
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Rhodes CJ, Im H, Cao A, Hennigs JK, Wang L, Sa S, Chen PI, Nickel NP, Miyagawa K, Hopper RK, Tojais NF, Li CG, Gu M, Spiekerkoetter E, Xian Z, Chen R, Zhao M, Kaschwich M, Del Rosario PA, Bernstein D, Zamanian RT, Wu JC, Snyder MP, Rabinovitch M. RNA Sequencing Analysis Detection of a Novel Pathway of Endothelial Dysfunction in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2015; 192:356-66. [PMID: 26030479 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201408-1528oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by endothelial dysregulation, but global changes in gene expression have not been related to perturbations in function. OBJECTIVES RNA sequencing was used to discriminate changes in transcriptomes of endothelial cells cultured from lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension versus control subjects and to assess the functional significance of major differentially expressed transcripts. METHODS The endothelial transcriptomes from the lungs of seven control subjects and six patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension were analyzed. Differentially expressed genes were related to bone morphogenetic protein type 2 receptor (BMPR2) signaling. Those down-regulated were assessed for function in cultured cells and in a transgenic mouse. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Fold differences in 10 genes were significant (P < 0.05), four increased and six decreased in patients versus control subjects. No patient was mutant for BMPR2. However, knockdown of BMPR2 by siRNA in control pulmonary arterial endothelial cells recapitulated 6 of 10 patient-related gene changes, including decreased collagen IV (COL4A1, COL4A2) and ephrinA1 (EFNA1). Reduction of BMPR2-regulated transcripts was related to decreased β-catenin. Reducing COL4A1, COL4A2, and EFNA1 by siRNA inhibited pulmonary endothelial adhesion, migration, and tube formation. In mice null for the EFNA1 receptor, EphA2, versus control animals, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor blockade and hypoxia caused more severe pulmonary hypertension, judged by elevated right ventricular systolic pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, and loss of small arteries. CONCLUSIONS The novel relationship between BMPR2 dysfunction and reduced expression of endothelial COL4 and EFNA1 may underlie vulnerability to injury in pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Rhodes
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Hogune Im
- 2 Cardiovascular Institute.,4 Department of Genetics, and
| | - Aiqin Cao
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Jan K Hennigs
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Lingli Wang
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Silin Sa
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Pin-I Chen
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Nils P Nickel
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Kazuya Miyagawa
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Rachel K Hopper
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Nancy F Tojais
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Caiyun G Li
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Mingxia Gu
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Edda Spiekerkoetter
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,5 Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Zhaoying Xian
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Rui Chen
- 2 Cardiovascular Institute.,4 Department of Genetics, and
| | - Mingming Zhao
- 2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Mark Kaschwich
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
| | - Patricia A Del Rosario
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,5 Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Roham T Zamanian
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,5 Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Joseph C Wu
- 2 Cardiovascular Institute.,5 Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Marlene Rabinovitch
- 1 Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases.,2 Cardiovascular Institute.,3 Department of Pediatrics
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Huang C, Chen N, Wu X, Huang C, He Y, Tang R, Wang W, Wang H. The zebrafish miR‐462/miR‐731 cluster is induced under hypoxic stress
via
hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α and functions in cellular adaptations. FASEB J 2015; 29:4901-13. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-267104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Xiao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of FisheryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Nan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of FisheryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Xin‐Jie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of FisheryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Cui‐Hong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of FisheryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Yan He
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of FisheryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Rong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of FisheryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei ProvinceWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Wei‐Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of FisheryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei ProvinceWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Huan‐Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal GeneticsBreeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Education, College of FisheryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
- Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei ProvinceWuhanHubeiChina
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41
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Kim JD, Lee A, Choi J, Park Y, Kang H, Chang W, Lee MS, Kim J. Epigenetic modulation as a therapeutic approach for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Exp Mol Med 2015; 47:e175. [PMID: 26228095 PMCID: PMC4525299 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2015.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare but progressive and currently incurable disease, which is characterized by vascular remodeling in association with muscularization of the arterioles, medial thickening and plexiform lesion formation. Despite our advanced understanding of the pathogenesis of PAH and the recent therapeutic advances, PAH still remains a fatal disease. In addition, the susceptibility to PAH has not yet been adequately explained. Much evidence points to the involvement of epigenetic changes in the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases including cancer, peripheral hypertension and asthma. The knowledge gained from the epigenetic study of various human diseases can also be applied to PAH. Thus, the pursuit of novel therapeutic targets via understanding the epigenetic alterations involved in the pathogenesis of PAH, such as DNA methylation, histone modification and microRNA, might be an attractive therapeutic avenue for the development of a novel and more effective treatment. This review provides a general overview of the current advances in epigenetics associated with PAH, and discusses the potential for improved treatment through understanding the role of epigenetics in the development of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Dae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Aram Lee
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jihea Choi
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngsook Park
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyesoo Kang
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woochul Chang
- Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Myeong-Sok Lee
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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42
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Xu D, Gu JT, Yi B, Chen L, Wang GS, Qian GS, Lu KZ. Requirement of miR-9-dependent regulation of Myocd in PASMCs phenotypic modulation and proliferation induced by hepatopulmonary syndrome rat serum. J Cell Mol Med 2015; 19:2453-61. [PMID: 26147104 PMCID: PMC4594686 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is characterized by a triad of severe liver disease, intrapulmonary vascular dilation and hypoxaemia. Pulmonary vascular remodelling (PVR) is a key feature of HPS pathology. Our previous studies have established the role of the pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) phenotypic modulation and proliferation in HPS-associated PVR. Myocardin, a robust transcriptional coactivator of serum response factor, plays a critical role in the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switch. However, the mechanism regulating myocardin upstream signalling remains unclear. In this study, treatment of rat PASMCs with serum drawn from common bile duct ligation rats, which model symptoms of HPS, resulted in a significant increase in miR-9 expression correlated with a decrease in expression of myocardin and the phenotypic markers SM-α-actin and smooth muscle-specific myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC). Furthermore, miRNA functional analysis and luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-9 effectively regulated myocardin expression by directly binding to its 3′-untranslated region. Both the knockdown of miR-9 and overexpression of myocardin effectively attenuated the HPS rat serum-induced phenotype switch and proliferation of PASMCs. Taken together, the findings of our present study demonstrate that miR-9 is required in HPS rat serum-induced phenotypic modulation and proliferation of PASMCs for targeting of myocardin and that miR-9 may serve as a potential therapeutic target in HPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Xu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-teng Gu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guan-song Wang
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gui-sheng Qian
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kai-zhi Lu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Shi L, Liao J, Liu B, Zeng F, Zhang L. Mechanisms and therapeutic potential of microRNAs in hypertension. Drug Discov Today 2015; 20:1188-204. [PMID: 26004493 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is the major risk factor for the development of stroke, coronary artery disease, heart failure and renal disease. The underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of hypertension are complex and remain largely elusive. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, noncoding RNA fragments of 22-26 nucleotides and regulate protein expression post-transcriptionally by targeting the 3'-untranslated region of mRNA. A growing body of recent research indicates that miRNAs are important in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of miRNAs in cardiovascular remodeling, focusing specifically on hypertension. We also review recent progress of the miRNA-based therapeutics including pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapies (such as exercise training) and their potential applications in the management of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Shi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Jingwen Liao
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bailin Liu
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fanxing Zeng
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
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44
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Adventitial alterations are the main features in pulmonary artery remodeling due to long-term chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia in rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:169841. [PMID: 25738150 PMCID: PMC4337174 DOI: 10.1155/2015/169841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Long-term chronic intermittent exposure to altitude hypoxia is a labor phenomenon requiring further research. Using a rat model, we examined whether this type of exposure differed from chronic exposure in terms of pulmonary artery remodeling and other features. Rats were subjected to chronic hypoxia (CH, n = 9) and long-term intermittent hypoxia (CIH2x2; 2 days of hypoxia/2 days of normoxia, n = 10) in a chamber (428 Torr, 4,600 m of altitude) for 46 days and compared to rats under normoxia (NX, n = 10). Body weight, hematocrit, and right ventricle ratio were measured. Pulmonary artery remodeling was assessed using confocal microscopy of tissues stained with a nuclear dye (DAPI) and CD11b antibody. Both hypoxic conditions exhibited increased hematocrit and hypertrophy of the right ventricle, tunica adventitia, and tunica media, with no changes in lumen size. The medial hypertrophy area (larger in CH) depicted a significant increase in smooth muscle cell number. Additionally, CIH2x2 increased the adventitial hypertrophy area, with an increased cellularity and a larger prevalence of clustered inflammatory cells. In conclusion, CIH2x2 elicits milder effects on pulmonary artery medial layer muscularization and subsequent right ventricular hypertrophy than CH. However, CIH2x2 induces greater and characteristic alterations of the adventitial layer.
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45
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Lau K, Lai KP, Bao JYJ, Zhang N, Tse A, Tong A, Li JW, Lok S, Kong RYC, Lui WY, Wong A, Wu RSS. Identification and expression profiling of microRNAs in the brain, liver and gonads of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) and in response to hypoxia. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110698. [PMID: 25350659 PMCID: PMC4211694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) has been increasingly used as a fish model for detecting environmental stresses and chemical contaminants in the marine environment. Recent mammalian studies have shown that environmental stresses can alter the expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs), leading to transgenerational effects. Here, we use high-throughput Illumina RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) for miRNA transcriptome analysis of brain, liver, and gonads from sexually mature male and female marine medaka. A total of 128,883,806 filtered sequence reads were generated from six small RNA libraries, identifying a total of 2,125,663 non-redundant sequences. These sequences were aligned and annotated to known animal miRNAs (miRBase) using the BLAST method. A total of 223 distinct miRNA types were identified, with the greatest number expressed in brain tissue. Our data suggested that 55 miRNA types from 34 families are common to all tested tissues, while some of the miRNAs are tissue-enriched or sex-enriched. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis further demonstrated that let-7a, miR-122, and miR-9-3p were downregulated in hypoxic female medaka, while miR-2184 was specifically upregulated in the testis of hypoxic male fish. This is the first study to identify miRNAs in O. melastigma using small RNA deep sequencing technology. Because miRNA expression is highly conserved between marine medaka and other vertebrates, marine medaka may serve as a good model for studies on the functional roles of miRNAs in hypoxia stress response and signaling in marine fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Lau
- School of Biological Sciences, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- * E-mail: (RSSW); (KL)
| | - Keng Po Lai
- School of Biological Sciences, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jessie Yun Juan Bao
- Genome Research Centre, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Building for Interdisciplinary Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Genome Research Centre, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Building for Interdisciplinary Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Anna Tse
- School of Biological Sciences, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Amy Tong
- Genome Research Centre, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Building for Interdisciplinary Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jing Woei Li
- School of Life Sciences, Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Si Lok
- Genome Research Centre, The Hong Kong Jockey Club Building for Interdisciplinary Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Wing Yee Lui
- School of Biological Sciences, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alice Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rudolf Shiu Sun Wu
- School of Biological Sciences, Kadoorie Biological Sciences Building, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- * E-mail: (RSSW); (KL)
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Hao R, Hu X, Wu C, Li N. Hypoxia-induced miR-15a promotes mesenchymal ablation and adaptation to hypoxia during lung development in chicken. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98868. [PMID: 24887070 PMCID: PMC4041788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The lungs undergo changes that are adaptive for high elevation in certain animal species. In chickens, animals bred at high elevations (e.g., Tibet chickens) are better able to hatch and survive under high-altitude conditions. In addition, lowland chicken breeds undergo physiological effects and suffer greater mortality when they are exposed to hypoxic conditions during embryonic development. Although these physiological effects have been noted, the mechanisms that are responsible for hypoxia-induced changes in lung development and function are not known. Here we have examined the role of a particular microRNA (miRNA) in the regulation of lung development under hypoxic conditions. When chicks were incubated in low oxygen (hypoxia), miR-15a was significantly increased in embryonic lung tissue. The expression level of miR-15a in hypoxic Tibet chicken embryos increased and remained relatively high at embryonic day (E)16–20, whereas in normal chickens, expression increased and peaked at E19–20, at which time the cross-current gas exchange system (CCGS) is developing. Bcl-2 was a translationally repressed target of miR-15a in these chickens. miR-16, a cluster and family member of miR-15a, was detected but did not participate in the posttranscriptional regulation of bcl-2. Around E19, the hypoxia-induced decrease in Bcl-2 protein resulted in apoptosis in the mesenchyme around the migrating tubes, which led to an expansion and migration of the tubes that would become the air capillary network and the CCGS. Thus, interfering with miR-15a expression in lung tissue may be a novel therapeutic strategy for hypoxia insults and altitude adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Changxin Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ning Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
- College of Animal Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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