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Boskabadi H, Ataee Nakhaei MH, Maamouri GA, Saghafi N. Implications of maternal vitamin D administration for the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: A randomized clinical trial. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2024; 17:183-190. [PMID: 38759029 DOI: 10.3233/npm-230158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency has been suggested to be a risk factor for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 25 (OH) D administrations in pregnant women with findings of preterm labor on the incidence of RDS in their preterm neonates. MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on pregnant mothers with gestational age (GA) of less than 34 weeks at risk of preterm delivery. 175 subjects were randomly assigned into two groups, including intervention (intramuscular injection of 50,000 units of 25(OH) D during 72 hours before delivery) and control (no injections). Serum concentrations of 25(OH) D were measured shortly after birth in both mothers and neonates. Then, clinical and laboratory results of mothers and their offspring were recorded (in a checklist). Short-term outcomes and the need for respiratory support were also assessed. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher's exact test, and chi-square test. RESULTS Even though gestational age, birth weight, delivery method, and serum vitamin D levels are consistent among both groups, 45% of neonates in the control group and 20% in the intervention group developed respiratory distress syndrome (P = 0.05). The mean 25(OH) D level in neonates was 17.7±10.5 and 19.29±9.94 ng/mL in the intervention and control groups, respectively (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION A single dose of 50,000 units of intramuscular 25(OH)D in pregnant women at risk of preterm labor can lower the risk of RDS in the infant.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Boskabadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran
| | - M H Ataee Nakhaei
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Sistan va Baluchestan, Iran
| | - G A Maamouri
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran
| | - N Saghafi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Razavi Khorasan, Iran
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Mottais A, Riberi L, Falco A, Soccal S, Gohy S, De Rose V. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Mechanisms in Chronic Airway Diseases: A Common Process to Target? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12412. [PMID: 37569787 PMCID: PMC10418908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a reversible process, in which epithelial cells lose their epithelial traits and acquire a mesenchymal phenotype. This transformation has been described in different lung diseases, such as lung cancer, interstitial lung diseases, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other muco-obstructive lung diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. The exaggerated chronic inflammation typical of these pulmonary diseases can induce molecular reprogramming with subsequent self-sustaining aberrant and excessive profibrotic tissue repair. Over time this process leads to structural changes with progressive organ dysfunction and lung function impairment. Although having common signalling pathways, specific triggers and regulation mechanisms might be present in each disease. This review aims to describe the various mechanisms associated with fibrotic changes and airway remodelling involved in chronic airway diseases. Having better knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the EMT process may help us to identify specific targets and thus lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies to prevent or limit the onset of irreversible structural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Mottais
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (A.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Luca Riberi
- Postgraduate School in Respiratory Medicine, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (L.R.); (A.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Andrea Falco
- Postgraduate School in Respiratory Medicine, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (L.R.); (A.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Simone Soccal
- Postgraduate School in Respiratory Medicine, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (L.R.); (A.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Sophie Gohy
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (A.M.); (S.G.)
- Department of Pneumology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Cystic Fibrosis Reference Centre, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Virginia De Rose
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
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Li Q, Zhou Q, Zhang G, Tian X, Chen Y, Cun Y, Xu X, Luo Z. Long-term effects of vitamin D on exacerbation rate, health care utilization and lung function in children with asthma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1094. [PMID: 36388807 PMCID: PMC9652531 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-2750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Asthma exacerbations lead to unplanned health care utilization and reduced lung function in children. Sufficient vitamin D level has been found to have a short-term protective effect against asthma exacerbation in children. However, it is unclear whether this effect remains in the long term. We evaluated the long-term effects of vitamin D levels on the occurrence of asthma exacerbations, emergency department visits or hospitalizations, and lung function among children with asthma, and further investigated the temporal trends of the effects. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, children with asthma who were admitted to the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2017 to 2021 were enrolled. Negative binomial, Poisson, or logistic regression model was used for the multivariable analysis, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index z-score, and severity of asthma exacerbation. Results Of the 370 children with asthma, 87.8% had vitamin D level less than or equal to 30 ng/mL. After adjustment for confounding factors, higher baseline vitamin D levels in asthma children were significantly associated with reduced occurrence of asthma exacerbations during the first [odds ratio 0.842, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.805-0.881; P<0.001], second (odds ratio 0.848, 95% CI: 0.793-0.907; P<0.001) and third years (odds ratio 0.865, 95% CI: 0.811-0.922; P<0.001) of follow-up. Higher vitamin D levels in asthmatic children were also strongly associated with a reduced number of emergency department visits or hospitalizations during the first (odds ratio 0.880, 95% CI: 0.842-0.920; P<0.001), second (odds ratio 0.885, 95% CI: 0.832-0.941; P<0.001), and third years (odds ratio 0.922, 95% CI: 0.851-0.998; P=0.044) of follow-up. In addition, the vitamin D levels in asthmatic children were found to be negatively associated with the odds of large airway dysfunction (odds ratio 0.865, 95% CI: 0.771-0.970; P=0.013) and small airway dysfunction (odds ratio 0.922, 95% CI: 0.855-0.996; P=0.038) during the first year of follow-up. Conclusions Sufficient vitamin D level is associated with lower risk of asthma exacerbations and health care utilization over a 3-year period, and improved lung function over 1 year. The protective effects of vitamin D on asthmatic children decreased over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinyuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guangli Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyin Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Yaolong Chen
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Research Unit of Evidence-Based Evaluation and Guidelines, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2021RU017), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yupeng Cun
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ximing Xu
- Big Data Center for Children’s Medical Care, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengxiu Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
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Huang Y, Qiu C. Research advances in airway remodeling in asthma: a narrative review. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1023. [PMID: 36267708 PMCID: PMC9577744 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-2835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Asthma is a common chronic disorder of the airway, and its disability and mortality rates continue to increase each year. Due to the lack of an ideal treatment, asthma control in China remains unsatisfactory. Airway remodeling is the pathological basis for the eventual development of the fixed airflow limitation in asthmatic patients. Early diagnosis and the prevention of airway remodeling has the potential to decrease disease severity, to improve control, and to prevent disease expression. Methods This article presents an overview. The literature was combed through via CNKi and PubMed according to the listed keywords. We considered Chinese and English original publications (basic science and clinical), reviews and abstracts of 21th Century. Key Content and Findings We review the pathological features and pathogenesis of, and the interventional treatment options for airway remodeling in asthmatic patients, emphasizing the importance of airway remodeling in asthma and providing novel insights into the prevention and control of asthma. Conclusions Thus, there have been research advances in airway remodeling, especially in the areas of slowing down or reversing airway remodeling. As growing studies showed, treating airway remodeling is a promising strategy in preventing the occurrence and progression of asthma. Breakthroughs in these difficulties airway remodeling still facing will open up new avenues in the research and treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Asthma and Vitamin D Deficiency: Occurrence, Immune Mechanisms, and New Perspectives. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:6735900. [PMID: 35874901 PMCID: PMC9307373 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6735900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma, as a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways, has a considerable prevalence among children. Vitamin D might play a role in asthma pathogenesis by affecting the development of the lung, regulating the immune responses, and remodeling of airway smooth muscle (ASM). Study results on the association between the serum level of vitamin D and asthma severity have suggested a converse relationship between lower vitamin D levels and more severe clinical courses. However, they are not consistent in these findings and have shown insignificant correlations, as well. The possible effects of vitamin D on asthma have led researchers to consider this vitamin a potential prophylactic and therapeutic tool for managing children with variant degrees of asthma. Adding vitamin D to the routine corticosteroid therapy of asthmatic children is another field of interest that has shown promising results. In this narrative review study, we aim to elaborate on the existing knowledge on the role of vitamin D in asthma pathogenesis and prognosis, explain the controversies that exist on the effectiveness of treating patients with vitamin D supplements, and make a general conclusion about how vitamin D actually is linked to asthma in children.
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Gayan‐Ramirez G, Janssens W. Vitamin D Actions: The Lung Is a Major Target for Vitamin D, FGF23, and Klotho. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10569. [PMID: 34950829 PMCID: PMC8674778 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is well known for its role as a calcium regulator and in maintenance of phosphate homeostasis in musculoskeletal health, and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and its coreceptor α-klotho are known for their roles as regulators of serum phosphate levels. However, apart from these classical actions, recent data point out a relevant role of vitamin D and FGF23/klotho in lung health. The expression of the vitamin D receptor by different cell types in the lung and the fact that those cells respond to vitamin D or can locally produce vitamin D indicate that the lung represents a target for vitamin D actions. Similarly, the presence of the four FGF receptor isoforms in the lung and the ability of FGF23 to stimulate pulmonary cells support the concept that the lung is a target for FGF23 actions, whereas the contribution of klotho is still undetermined. This review will give an overview on how vitamin D or FGF23/klotho may act on the lung and interfere positively or negatively with lung health. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislaine Gayan‐Ramirez
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETAKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Wim Janssens
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department CHROMETAKU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Clinical Department of Respiratory DiseasesUZ LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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Sakurai R, Singh H, Wang Y, Harb A, Gornes C, Liu J, Rehan VK. Effect of Perinatal Vitamin D Deficiency on Lung Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation and Injury Repair Potential. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:521-531. [PMID: 34126864 PMCID: PMC8641851 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0183oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells, including the resident lung mesenchymal stem cells (LMSCs), are critically important for injury repair. Compelling evidence links perinatal vitamin D (VD) deficiency to reactive airway disease; however, the effects of perinatal VD deficiency on LMSC function is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that perinatal VD deficiency alters LMSC proliferation, differentiation, and function, leading to an enhanced myogenic phenotype. We also determined whether LMSCs' effects on alveolar type II (ATII) cell function are paracrine. Using an established rat model of perinatal VD deficiency, we studied the effects of four dietary regimens (0, 250, 500, or 1,000 IU/kg cholecalciferol-supplemented groups). At Postnatal Day 21, LMSCs were isolated, and cell proliferation and differentiation (under basal and adipogenic induction conditions) were determined. LMSC paracrine effects on ATII cell proliferation and differentiation were determined by culturing ATII cells in LMSC-conditioned media from different experimental groups. Using flow cytometry, >95% of cells were CD45-ve, >90% were CD90 + ve, >58% were CD105 + ve, and >64% were Stro-1 + ve, indicating their stem cell phenotype. Compared with the VD-supplemented groups, LMSCs from the VD-deficient group demonstrated suppressed PPARγ, but enhanced Wnt signaling, under basal and adipogenic induction conditions. LMSCs from 250 VD- and 500 VD-supplemented groups effectively blocked the effects of perinatal VD deficiency. LMSC-conditioned media from the VD-deficient group inhibited ATII cell proliferation and differentiation compared with those from the 250 VD- and 500 VD-supplemented groups. These data support the concept that perinatal VD deficiency alters LMSC proliferation and differentiation, potentially contributing to increased respiratory morbidity seen in children born to mothers with VD deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Sakurai
- Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Torrance, California
| | - Himanshu Singh
- Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Torrance, California
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Torrance, California
| | - Amir Harb
- Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Torrance, California
| | - Christine Gornes
- Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Torrance, California
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Torrance, California
| | - Virender K Rehan
- Department of Pediatrics, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los Angeles, Torrance, California
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Dong Y, Zhang X, Yao C, Xu R, Tian X. Atractylodin attenuates the expression of MUC5AC and extracellular matrix in lipopolysaccharide-induced airway inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1911-1922. [PMID: 34152691 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of atractylodin (ATR) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response in human airway epithelial cells. The cytotoxicity was assessed by CCK-8 assay. The mRNA expression and concentration of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) were measured by qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. Western blotting was performed to determine protein expression. We found that LPS stimulation increased the mRNA expression and concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, and MUC5AC, as well as the expression of Col-I and FN in 16HBE cells, but this effect of LPS was attenuated by ATR treatment. Mechanistically, ATR suppressed LPS-induced activation of the NF-κB pathway in 16HBE cells. Moreover, ATR repressed ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation and NF-kB pathway in mice. In conclusion, ATR attenuated the expression of MUC5AC and ECM in LPS-induced airway inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Chuan Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, China
| | - Xiaohong Tian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an, China
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Bartman CM, Awari DW, Pabelick CM, Prakash YS. Intermittent Hypoxia-Hyperoxia and Oxidative Stress in Developing Human Airway Smooth Muscle. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091400. [PMID: 34573032 PMCID: PMC8467919 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature infants are frequently and intermittently administered supplemental oxygen during hypoxic episodes, resulting in cycles of intermittent hypoxia and hyperoxia. The relatively hypoxic in utero environment is important for lung development while hyperoxia during the neonatal period is recognized as detrimental towards the development of diseases such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and bronchial asthma. Understanding early mechanisms that link hypoxic, hyperoxic, and intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposures to altered airway structure and function are key to developing advanced therapeutic approaches in the clinic. Changes in oxygen availability can be detrimental to cellular function and contribute to oxidative damage. Here, we sought to determine the effect of oxygen on mitochondria in human fetal airway smooth muscle cells exposed to either 5% O2, 21% O2, 40% O2, or cycles of 5% and 40% O2 (intermittent hypoxia-hyperoxia). Reactive oxygen species production, altered mitochondrial morphology, and changes in mitochondrial respiration were assessed in the context of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. Our findings show developing airway smooth muscle is differentially responsive to hypoxic, hyperoxic, or intermittent hypoxic-hyperoxic exposure in terms of mitochondrial structure and function. Cycling O2 decreased mitochondrial branching and branch length similar to hypoxia and hyperoxia in the presence of antioxidants. Additionally, hypoxia decreased overall mitochondrial respiration while the addition of antioxidants increased respiration in normoxic and O2-cycling conditions. These studies show the necessity of balancing oxidative damage and antioxidant defense systems in the developing airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M. Bartman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (D.W.A.); (C.M.P.)
- Correspondence: (C.M.B.); (Y.S.P.)
| | - Daniel Wasim Awari
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (D.W.A.); (C.M.P.)
| | - Christina M. Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (D.W.A.); (C.M.P.)
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Y. S. Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (D.W.A.); (C.M.P.)
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Correspondence: (C.M.B.); (Y.S.P.)
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Jiang T, Li Z, Zhao D, Hui B, Zheng Z. SOX18 enhances the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells induced by tumor necrosis factor-α via the regulation of Notch1 signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107746. [PMID: 34004439 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Childhood asthma is a frequent chronic disease of pediatric populations. The excessive proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells contribute to airway remodeling during asthma pathogenesis. Sex-determining region on the Y chromosome-related high mobility group box 18 (SOX18) has been reported to be over-expressed in asthma. However, whether SOX18 plays a role in modulating the airway remodeling of asthma is not fully understood. The purposes of this work were to assess the potential role of SOX18 in modulating airway remodeling using tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated airway smooth muscle cells in vitro. Our results showed that SOX18 expression was increased following TNF-α stimulation in airway smooth muscle cells. The silencing of SOX18 markedly prohibited the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells induced by TNF-α, whilst the over-expression of SOX18 produced the opposite effects. Further investigation revealed that SOX18 promoted the expression of Notch1, and enhanced the activation of Notch1 signaling in airway smooth muscle cells stimulated by TNF-α. The inhibition of Notch1 markedly diminished SOX18-over-expression-evoked promotion effects on TNF-α-induced proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells. In addition, the reactivation of Notch1 signaling markedly reversed the SOX18-silencing-induced suppressive effect on the TNF-α-induced proliferation and the migration of airway smooth muscle cells. In summary, the findings of this work demonstrate that SOX18 regulates the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells induced by TNF-α via the modulation of Notch1 signaling. This study indicates a potential role for SOX18 in promoting airway remodeling during asthma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te Jiang
- Pediatrics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 610113, China
| | - Zhankui Li
- Pediatrics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 610113, China.
| | - Di Zhao
- Pediatrics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an 610113, China
| | - Bengang Hui
- Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zheng
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
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Schiliro M, Bartman CM, Pabelick C. Understanding hydrogen sulfide signaling in neonatal airway disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2021; 15:351-372. [PMID: 33086886 PMCID: PMC10599633 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1840981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Airway dysfunction leading to chronic lung disease is a common consequence of premature birth and mechanisms responsible for early and progressive airway remodeling are not completely understood. Current therapeutic options are only partially effective in reducing the burden of neonatal airway disease and premature decline of lung function. Gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been recently recognized for its therapeutic potential in lung diseases. AREAS COVERED Contradictory to its well-known toxicity at high concentrations, H2S has been characterized to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic properties at physiological concentrations. In the respiratory system, endogenous H2S production participates in late lung development and exogenous H2S administration has a protective role in a variety of diseases such as acute lung injury and chronic pulmonary hypertension and fibrosis. Literature searches performed using NCBI PubMed without publication date limitations were used to construct this review, which highlights the dichotomous role of H2S in the lung, and explores its promising beneficial effects in lung diseases. EXPERT OPINION The emerging role of H2S in pathways involved in chronic lung disease of prematurity along with its recent use in animal models of BPD highlight H2S as a potential novel candidate in protecting lung function following preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Schiliro
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Christina Pabelick
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Bartman CM, Matveyenko A, Pabelick C, Prakash YS. Cellular clocks in hyperoxia effects on [Ca 2+] i regulation in developing human airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 320:L451-L466. [PMID: 33404366 PMCID: PMC8294620 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00406.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Supplemental O2 (hyperoxia) is necessary for preterm infant survival but is associated with development of bronchial airway hyperreactivity and childhood asthma. Understanding early mechanisms that link hyperoxia to altered airway structure and function are key to developing advanced therapies. We previously showed that even moderate hyperoxia (50% O2) enhances intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) and proliferation of human fetal airway smooth muscle (fASM), thereby facilitating bronchoconstriction and remodeling. Here, we introduce cellular clock biology as a novel mechanism linking early oxygen exposure to airway biology. Peripheral, intracellular clocks are a network of transcription-translation feedback loops that produce circadian oscillations with downstream targets highly relevant to airway function and asthma. Premature infants suffer circadian disruption whereas entrainment strategies improve outcomes, highlighting the need to understand relationships between clocks and developing airways. We hypothesized that hyperoxia impacts clock function in fASM and that the clock can be leveraged to attenuate deleterious effects of O2 on the developing airway. We report that human fASM express core clock machinery (PER1, PER2, CRY1, ARNTL/BMAL1, CLOCK) that is responsive to dexamethasone (Dex) and altered by O2. Disruption of the clock via siRNA-mediated PER1 or ARNTL knockdown alters store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and [Ca2+]i response to histamine in hyperoxia. Effects of O2 on [Ca2+]i are rescued by driving expression of clock proteins, via effects on the Ca2+ channels IP3R and Orai1. These data reveal a functional fASM clock that modulates [Ca2+]i regulation, particularly in hyperoxia. Harnessing clock biology may be a novel therapeutic consideration for neonatal airway diseases following prematurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M Bartman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Aleksey Matveyenko
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Christina Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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13
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Canguven O, El Ansari W, Yassin A. Vitamin D Supplementation As a Potential therapeutic Mediator in Asthma: Does Dose Really Matter? a Critical Review of the Literature. Aging Male 2020; 23:300-307. [PMID: 30269632 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2018.1506433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Around 400 million people across the globe will suffer from asthma in the next 10 years. Although most asthmatics use asthma medications regularly, they occasionally visit the emergency department for aggressive treatment amidst family anxiousness. Vitamin D (VD) not only regulates the expression of genes associated with calcium homeostasis, but also the genes associated with cancers, autoimmune diseases, and infection. VD has also non-genomic activities e.g. it is a potentially safe and effective novel strategy for decreasing the asthma episodes and controlling exacerbations. Our review assessed the dose, serum level, duration of administration and outcomes of VD in cases of asthmas. Although a body of research evidences the effectiveness of VD supplementation in asthma, other studies showed the insignificant response of VD to asthma either with low dose or low achieved serum VD levels. Nevertheless, recent reviews suggest that manipulating VD status holds promise for primary prevention and treatment of asthma. Future research on the relationship between VD and asthma should consider utilizing adequate doses of VD preparations for sufficient duration (likely to be >12 months) aiming to achieve appropriate level of serum VD (25-hydroxyvitamin D) concentration (likely to be at least >40 ng/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aksam Yassin
- Department of Urology, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
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14
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Bartman CM, Schiliro M, Helan M, Prakash YS, Linden D, Pabelick C. Hydrogen sulfide, oxygen, and calcium regulation in developing human airway smooth muscle. FASEB J 2020; 34:12991-13004. [PMID: 32777143 PMCID: PMC7857779 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001180r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Preterm infants can develop airway hyperreactivity and impaired bronchodilation following supplemental O2 (hyperoxia) in early life, making it important to understand mechanisms of hyperoxia effects. Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) has anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory effects with oxidative stress. There is little understanding of H2 S signaling in developing airways. We hypothesized that the endogenous H2 S system is detrimentally influenced by O2 and conversely H2 S signaling pathways can be leveraged to attenuate deleterious effects of O2 . Using human fetal airway smooth muscle (fASM) cells, we investigated baseline expression of endogenous H2 S machinery, and effects of exogenous H2 S donors NaHS and GYY4137 in the context of moderate hyperoxia, with intracellular calcium regulation as a readout of contractility. Biochemical pathways for endogenous H2 S generation and catabolism are present in fASM, and are differentially sensitive to O2 toward overall reduction in H2 S levels. H2 S donors have downstream effects of reducing [Ca2+ ]i responses to bronchoconstrictor agonist via blunted plasma membrane Ca2+ influx: effects blocked by O2 . However, such detrimental O2 effects are targetable by exogenous H2 S donors such as NaHS and GYY4137. These data provide novel information regarding the potential for H2 S to act as a bronchodilator in developing airways in the context of oxygen exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Schiliro
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Martin Helan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne’s University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Y. S. Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David Linden
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christina Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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15
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Plesa M, Gaudet M, Mogas A, Olivenstein R, Al Heialy S, Hamid Q. Action of 1,25(OH) 2D 3 on Human Asthmatic Bronchial Fibroblasts: Implications for Airway Remodeling in Asthma. J Asthma Allergy 2020; 13:249-264. [PMID: 32982316 PMCID: PMC7492716 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s261271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Airway fibroblasts are major contributors to the histopathological feature of airway remodeling in asthma by their implication in the cell invasiveness and profibrogenic secretory phenotype observed in subepithelial fibrosis. 1,25 Dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) is an important therapeutic agent that blocks many features of airway remodeling induced by profibrogenic mediators, such as transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) or T helper type 1 inflammatory cytokines. Objective We hypothesized that 1,25(OH)2D3 opposes the TGF-β1 or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) stimulation on airway fibroblast profibrogenic secretory phenotype observed in severe asthmatic patients. Our aim was to investigate the anti-fibrogenic effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 in TGF-β1 or TNF-α-IL-1β-stimulated human bronchial fibroblast cells (HBFCs) from severe asthmatic compared with non-asthmatic subjects. Patients and Methods All experiments were performed on primary HBFCs from asthmatic (DHBFCs, n=4) and non-asthmatic subjects (NHBFCs, n=4). mRNA expression and protein quantification of key fibrogenic markers were analyzed by RT-qPCR and ELISA, comparing HBFCs from asthmatic and non-asthmatic subjects. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) mRNA expression and its functionality in HBFCs were assessed by RT-qPCR. HBFCs proliferation was assessed by flow cytometry using BrdU-FITC/7AAD bivariate staining, while HBFCs apoptosis by Annexin V-FITC/7AAD. Results VDR is constitutively expressed in HBFCs and the addition of 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly increased mRNA expression of CYP24A1 (a direct VDRs’ target gene) in both HBFCs groups. DHBFCs cultured in the presence of TGF-β1 or TNF-α-IL-1β showed increased mRNA expression and protein secretion of fibrogenic markers when compared to NHBFCs. Additionally, we observed decreased mRNA expression of FN 1, LUM, BGN, MMP2, COL5A1, TIMP1 and CC-chemokines (CCL2, CCL5, CCL11) in response to 1,25(OH)2D3 addition to the TGF-β1 or TNF-α-IL-1β-stimulated HBFCs. Cell culture media obtained from TGF-β1 or TNF-α-IL-1β-stimulated DHBFCs showed decreased protein secretion (fibronectin 1, lumican, MCP1, RANTES and eotaxin-1) in response to 1,25(OH)2D3 when compared to NHBFCs. 1,25(OH)2D3 inhibited proliferation in TGF-β1-stimulated HBFCs through G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and these effects were not correlated with the induction of apoptosis. Conclusion DHBFCs under TGF-β1 or TNF-α-IL-1β stimulation showed higher fibrogenic capacity when compared to NHBFCs. 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly blocked these effects and highlight 1,25(OH)2D3 as a possible therapeutic target for severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Plesa
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mellissa Gaudet
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrea Mogas
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ronald Olivenstein
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Saba Al Heialy
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Qutayba Hamid
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases, Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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16
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Wei F, Hao Y. TRIP6 accelerates the proliferation and migration of fetal airway smooth muscle cells by enhancing YAP activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 82:106366. [PMID: 32151960 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The thyroid receptor interactor protein 6 (TRIP6) has emerged as a key regulator for the proliferation and migration of various cells. However, whether TRIP6 is involved in regulating the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells in the progression of pediatric asthma remains undetermined. The present study investigated the function of TRIP6 in regulating the proliferation and migration of fetal ASM cells induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in vitro. The results revealed that TRIP6 expression was significantly upregulated in TNF-α-stimulated ASM cells. Loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that the knockdown of TRIP6 markedly suppressed TNF-α-proliferation and migration of ASM cells. By contrast, overexpression of TRIP6 had the opposite effect. In-depth research uncovered that TNF-α stimulation promoted the activation of yes-associated protein (YAP), which could be significantly reversed by TRIP6 silencing. Moreover, inactivation of YAP significantly reversed the promotion effect of TRIP6 overexpression on TNF-α-induced ASM cell proliferation and migration. Overall, these results reveal that upregulation of TRIP6 contributes to the proliferation and migration of fetal ASM cells by enhancing YAP activation, highlighting the importance of the TRIP6/YAP axis in the airway remodeling of pediatric asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an High-Tech Hospital, 16 Unity South Road, Xi'an 710075, China
| | - Yanqing Hao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xi'an Daxing Hospital, 353 North Road of Municipal Labor, Xi'an 710016, China.
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17
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Ambhore NS, Kalidhindi RSR, Pabelick CM, Hawse JR, Prakash YS, Sathish V. Differential estrogen-receptor activation regulates extracellular matrix deposition in human airway smooth muscle remodeling via NF-κB pathway. FASEB J 2019; 33:13935-13950. [PMID: 31638834 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901340r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Altered airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in airways are characteristic features of remodeling in asthma. Increased ECM production modulates ASM cell proliferation and leads to airway remodeling. Our previous studies showed that ASM from patients with asthma exhibited increased expression of estrogen receptor (ER)-β, which upon activation down-regulated ASM proliferation, implicating an important role for estrogen signaling in airway physiology. There is no current information on the effect of differential ER activation on ECM production. In this study, we evaluated the effect of ER-α vs. ER-β activation on ECM production, deposition, and underlying pathways. Primary human ASM cells isolated from asthmatics and nonasthmatics were treated with E2, an ER-α agonist [propylpyrazoletriol (PPT)], and an ER-β agonist [WAY-200070 (WAY)] with TNF-α or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) followed by evaluation of ECM production and deposition. Expression of proteins and genes corresponding to ECM were measured using Western blotting and quantitative RT-PCR with subsequent matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. Molecular mechanisms of ER activation in regulating ECM were evaluated by luciferase reporter assays for activator protein 1 (AP-1) and NF-κB. TNF-α or PDGF significantly (P < 0.001) increased ECM deposition and MMP activity in human ASM cells, which was significantly reduced with WAY treatment but not with PPT. Furthermore, TNF-α- or PDGF-induced ECM gene expression in ASM cells was significantly reduced with WAY (P < 0.001). Moreover, WAY significantly down-regulated the activation of NF-κB (P < 0.001) and AP-1 (P < 0.01, P < 0.05) in ASM cells from asthmatics and nonasthmatics. Overall, we demonstrate differential ER signaling in controlling ECM production and deposition. Activation of ER-β diminishes ECM deposition via suppressing the NF-κB pathway activity and might serve as a novel target to blunt airway remodeling.-Ambhore, N. S., Kalidhindi, R. S. R., Pabelick, C. M., Hawse, J. R., Prakash, Y. S., Sathish, V. Differential estrogen-receptor activation regulates extracellular matrix deposition in human airway smooth muscle remodeling via NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Sudhakar Ambhore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | | | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; and
| | - John R Hawse
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA; and
| | - Venkatachalem Sathish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
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18
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Britt RD, Thompson MA, Sasse S, Pabelick CM, Gerber AN, Prakash YS. Th1 cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ promote corticosteroid resistance in developing human airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 316:L71-L81. [PMID: 30335498 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00547.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Corticosteroids (CSs) are commonly used to manage wheezing and asthma in pediatric populations. Although corticosteroids are effective in alleviating airway diseases, some children with more moderate-severe asthma phenotypes show CS resistance and exhibit significant airflow obstruction, persistent inflammation, and more frequent exacerbations. Previous studies have demonstrated that Th1 cytokines, such as TNF-α and IFN-γ, promote CS resistance in adult human airway smooth muscle (ASM). In the present study, using a human fetal ASM cell model, we tested the hypothesis that TNF-α/IFN-γ induces CS resistance. In contrast to TNF-α or IFN-γ alone, the combination of TNF-α/IFN-γ blunted the ability of fluticasone propionate (FP) to reduce expression of the chemokines CCL5 and CXCL10 despite expression of key anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid receptor target genes being largely unaffected by TNF-α/IFN-γ. Expression of the NF-κB subunit p65 and phosphorylation of Stat1 were elevated in cells treated with TNF-α/IFN-γ, an effect that remained in the presence of FP. siRNA knockdown studies demonstrated the effects of TNF-α/IFN-γ on increased p65 are mediated by Stat1, a transcription factor activated by IFN-γ. Expression of TNFAIP3, a negative regulator of NF-κB activity, was not altered by TNF-α/IFN-γ. However, the effects of TNF-α/IFN-γ were partially reduced by overexpression of TNFAIP3 but did not influence p65 expression. Together, these data suggest that IFN-γ augments the effects of TNF-α on chemokines by enhancing expression of key inflammatory pathways in the presence of CS. Interactions between TNF-α- and IFN-γ-mediated pathways may promote inflammation in asthmatic children resistant to CSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney D Britt
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota.,Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio
| | - Michael A Thompson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sarah Sasse
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health , Denver, Colorado
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anthony N Gerber
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health , Denver, Colorado
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
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19
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Abstract
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between maternal vitamin D deficiency and an increased risk of chronic lung disease in offspring. While vitamin D and UV induced non-vitamin D pathways have the capacity to modulate immune function, this relationship may also be explained by an effect on lung development which is an independent predictor of lung function and the risk of lung disease later in life. To date there are not sufficient data to support the role of non-vitamin D pathways in this association, while in vivo and in vitro data suggest that there is a causal relationship between vitamin D and lung development. However, equivocal results in recent high profile clinical trials have dampened enthusiasm for vitamin D as an important public health intervention for improving lung development. In this narrative review we summarise our current understanding of the link between UV exposure, vitamin D and lung development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
| | - Graeme R Zosky
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia.
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20
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Pabelick CM, Thompson MA, Britt RD. Effects of Hyperoxia on the Developing Airway and Pulmonary Vasculature. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 967:179-194. [PMID: 29047087 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Although it is necessary and part of standard practice, supplemental oxygen (40-90% O2) or hyperoxia is a significant contributing factor to development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, persistent pulmonary hypertension, recurrent wheezing, and asthma in preterm infants. This chapter discusses hyperoxia and the role of redox signaling in the context of neonatal lung growth and disease. Here, we discuss how hyperoxia promotes dysfunction in the airway and the known redox-mediated mechanisms that are important for postnatal vascular and alveolar development. Whether in the airway or alveoli, redox pathways are important and greatly influence the neonatal lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 4-184 W Jos SMH, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. .,Departments Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 4-184 W Jos SMH, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
| | - Michael A Thompson
- Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 4-184 W Jos SMH, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Rodney D Britt
- Departments Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 4-184 W Jos SMH, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
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21
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Sun M, Huang Y, Li F, Li H, Zhang B, Jin L. MicroRNA-874 inhibits TNF-α-induced remodeling in human fetal airway smooth muscle cells by targeting STAT3. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2018; 251:34-40. [PMID: 29448029 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines-induced airway remodeling was a significant feature of asthma disease. The aim of the present study was to explore the functional significance of miR-874 in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-treated human fetal airway smooth muscle (fASM) cells. Here, we found that TNF-α treatment significantly down-regulated the expression of miR-874 in fASM cells. MiR-874 overexpression markedly inhibited cell viability and migration, suppressed the expression of PCNA and Ki67, reduced the expression of collagen I and collagen III, decreased the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and MMP-2, and induced an obvious elevation of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). In addition, the increased production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and eotaxin induced by TNF-α were significantly inhibited by miR-874 overexpression. Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) 3 was identified as a direct target of miR-874, and STAT3 overexpression partly reversed the protective effects of miR-874 against TNF-α-induced airway remodeling. Overall, these findings demonstrate that miR-874 inhibits TNF-α-induced remodeling in human fASM cells at least in part by targeting STAT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihua Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, jilin, 130021, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, jilin, 130021, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, jilin, 130021, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, jilin, 130021, China
| | - Lianhua Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, jilin, 130021, China.
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22
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Rosendahl J, Holmlund-Suila E, Helve O, Viljakainen H, Hauta-Alus H, Valkama S, Enlund-Cerullo M, Hytinantti T, Tervahartiala T, Sorsa T, Mäkitie O, Andersson S. 25-hydroxyvitamin D correlates with inflammatory markers in cord blood of healthy newborns. Pediatr Res 2017; 81:731-735. [PMID: 28085793 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D is a potent immunomodulator and may play a role in the development of the fetal innate immune functions. The aim of our study was to evaluate inflammatory markers in cord blood of healthy newborns in relation to vitamin D status at birth. METHODS We studied the concentrations of inflammatory markers, matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP-8) and high sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP), and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in cord blood of 939 healthy term infants born to mothers of Caucasian origin. We evaluated perinatal factors that affect the concentrations of MMP-8 and hs-CRP, and further explored associations between cord blood 25(OH)D and these inflammatory biomarkers. RESULTS Majority (99%) of the cohort was vitamin D sufficient (>50 nmol/l or 20 ng/ml). We observed a positive correlation between cord blood 25(OH)D and MMP-8 concentrations, and between 25(OH)D and hs-CRP concentrations. After adjustment for potential confounders (parity, antenatal antibiotic treatment, gestational age, mode of delivery, and maternal prepregnancy BMI), the association of 25(OH)D with MMP-8 and hs-CRP remained significant. CONCLUSION Cord blood 25(OH)D correlates with inflammatory markers MMP-8 and hs-CRP. The findings may reflect the diverse immunomodulatory functions of vitamin D in the innate immune response of the newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Rosendahl
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elisa Holmlund-Suila
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Otto Helve
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heli Viljakainen
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helena Hauta-Alus
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saara Valkama
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Enlund-Cerullo
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Hytinantti
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sture Andersson
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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23
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Vitamin D and Bronchial Asthma: An Overview of Data From the Past 5 Years. Clin Ther 2017; 39:917-929. [PMID: 28449868 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D is a potent immunomodulator capable of dampening inflammatory signals in several cell types involved in the asthmatic response. Its deficiency has been associated with increased inflammation, exacerbations, and overall poor outcomes in patients with asthma. Given the increase in the prevalence of asthma over the past few decades, there has been enormous interest in the use of vitamin D supplementation as a potential therapeutic option. Here, we critically reviewed the most recent findings from in vitro studies, animal models, and clinical trials regarding the role of vitamin D in treating bronchial asthma. METHODS Using the key terms [Vitamin D, asthma, clinical trials, in vivo and in vitro studies], the [PubMed, Google Scholar] databases were searched for [clinical trials, original research articles, meta-analyses, and reviews], English-language articles published from [2012] to the present. Articles that were [Articles that did not meet these criteria were excluded] excluded from the analysis. FINDINGS Several studies have found that low serum levels of vitamin D (< 20 ng/mL) are associated with increased exacerbations, increased airway inflammation, decreased lung function, and poor prognosis in asthmatic patients. Results from in vitro and in vivo studies in animals and humans have suggested that supplementation with vitamin D may ameliorate several hallmark features of asthma. However, the findings obtained from clinical trials are controversial and do not unequivocally support a beneficial role of vitamin D in asthma. Largely, interventional studies in children, pregnant women, and adults have primarily found little to no effect of vitamin D supplementation on improved asthma symptoms, onset, or progression of the disease. This could be related to the severity of the disease process and other confounding factors. IMPLICATIONS Despite the conflicting data obtained from clinical trials, vitamin D deficiency may influence the inflammatory response in the airways. Further studies are needed to determine the exact mechanisms by which vitamin D supplementation may induce antiinflammatory effects.
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Ali AM, Selim S, Abbassi MM, Sabry NA. Effect of alfacalcidol on the pulmonary function of adult asthmatic patients: A randomized trial. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2017; 118:557-563. [PMID: 28377173 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the use of alfacalcidol in the management of corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis, it has never been considered an adjunct treatment for asthma management. It can target vitamin D deficiency, a possible risk factor for asthma, and, hence, improve pulmonary function of patients with asthma. OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of alfacalcidol administration on pulmonary function and study the pattern of vitamin D deficiency in adults with asthma in Egypt. METHODS Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured in 115 adults: 33 healthy subjects and 82 patients with asthma. Then, patients with asthma were randomized to receive standard asthma treatment only (n = 39) or receive it in addition to 1 μg of alfacalcidol daily for 4 months (n = 43). Randomization was stratified by the stage of asthma severity. Spirometry and measurement of 25-hydroxyvitamin were performed at baseline and end of follow-up. RESULTS Vitamin D deficiency was more common in patients with asthma (57.3%) than in healthy subjects (21.2%; P < .001). In patients with asthma, alfacalcidol significantly improved forced expiratory volume in the first second and forced vital capacity (P < .001 for the 2 tests). Moreover, more patients in the intervention arm showed improvement in asthma severity stage (P = .04). A nonsignificant difference was observed in improvement of forced expiratory volume in the first second between patients with vitamin D deficiency and those without deficiency in the intervention group (P > .05). CONCLUSION Alfacalcidol supplementation improved the pulmonary function and severity stage of adult patients with asthma regardless of deficiency. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02747381.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani M Ali
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Samah Selim
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maggie M Abbassi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nirmeen A Sabry
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Vogel ER, Britt RD, Faksh A, Kuipers I, Pandya H, Prakash YS, Martin RJ, Pabelick CM. Moderate hyperoxia induces extracellular matrix remodeling by human fetal airway smooth muscle cells. Pediatr Res 2017; 81:376-383. [PMID: 27925619 PMCID: PMC5309184 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2016.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature infants are at increased risk for airway diseases, such as wheezing and asthma, because of early exposure to risk factors including hyperoxia. As in adult asthma, airway remodeling and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition is involved. METHODS We assessed the impact of 24-72 h of moderate hyperoxia (50%) on human fetal airway smooth muscle (fASM) ECM deposition through western blot, modified in-cell western, and zymography techniques. RESULTS Hyperoxia exposure significantly increased collagen I and collagen III deposition, increased pro- and cleaved matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) activity, and decreased endogenous MMP inhibitor, TIMP1, expression. Hyperoxia-induced change in caveolin-1 (CAV1) expression was assessed as a potential mechanism for the changes in ECM deposition. CAV1 expression was decreased following hyperoxia. Supplementation of CAV1 activity with caveolar scaffolding domain (CSD) peptide abrogated the hyperoxia-mediated ECM changes. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that moderate hyperoxia enhances ECM deposition in developing airways by altering the balance between MMPs and their inhibitors (TIMPs), and by increasing collagen deposition. These effects are partly mediated by a hyperoxia-induced decrease in CAV1 expression. In conjunction with prior data demonstrating increased fASM proliferation with hyperoxia, these data further demonstrate that hyperoxia is an important instigator of remodeling in developing airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R. Vogel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rodney D. Britt
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Arij Faksh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ine Kuipers
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hitesh Pandya
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Leicester, Leicester, England, UK
| | - YS Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Richard J. Martin
- Department of Pediatrics (Division of Neonatology), Rainbow-Babies Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Christina M. Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Corresponding Author: Christina M. Pabelick, MD, Professor of Anesthesiology and Physiology, 4-184 W Jos SMH, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, 507-255-7481, 507-255-7300 (fax),
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Yilmaz O, Yuksel H. Where does current and future pediatric asthma treatment stand? Remodeling and inflammation: Bird's eye view. Pediatr Pulmonol 2016; 51:1422-1429. [PMID: 27233079 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.23488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Airway remodeling is the chronic outcome of inflammation in asthma and a point of intervention between pediatric and adult ages. Pediatric asthma has been of great interest in the efforts to find a valuable time to interrupt remodeling. Various experimental and clinical research have assessed the effect of current therapeutic modalities on airway remodeling in asthma and many new agents are being developed with promising results. The heterogeneity in the results of these studies may lie in the heterogeneity of pathogenesis leading to asthma and remodeling; underlying the need for individualized treatment of the unique pathogenetic characteristics of each child's asthma. The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence about the influence of current and future therapeutic modalities in the concept of inflammation and remodeling in pediatric asthma. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:1422-1429. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Yilmaz
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology, Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Hasan Yuksel
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology, Celal Bayar University Medical Faculty, Manisa, Turkey
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27
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Prakash YS. Emerging concepts in smooth muscle contributions to airway structure and function: implications for health and disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 311:L1113-L1140. [PMID: 27742732 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00370.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway structure and function are key aspects of normal lung development, growth, and aging, as well as of lung responses to the environment and the pathophysiology of important diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and fibrosis. In this regard, the contributions of airway smooth muscle (ASM) are both functional, in the context of airway contractility and relaxation, as well as synthetic, involving production and modulation of extracellular components, modulation of the local immune environment, cellular contribution to airway structure, and, finally, interactions with other airway cell types such as epithelium, fibroblasts, and nerves. These ASM contributions are now found to be critical in airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling that occur in lung diseases. This review emphasizes established and recent discoveries that underline the central role of ASM and sets the stage for future research toward understanding how ASM plays a central role by being both upstream and downstream in the many interactive processes that determine airway structure and function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Prakash
- Departments of Anesthesiology, and Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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28
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Hollams EM, Teo SM, Kusel M, Holt BJ, Holt KE, Inouye M, De Klerk NH, Zhang G, Sly PD, Hart PH, Holt PG. Vitamin D over the first decade and susceptibility to childhood allergy and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 139:472-481.e9. [PMID: 27726947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency has been implicated as a possible risk factor for asthma development, but studies at selected time points measuring 25(OH)D levels during childhood have yielded conflicting findings. Prospective studies tracking 25(OH)D levels during the initiation phase of asthma in early childhood have not been reported. OBJECTIVE We sought to elucidate relationships between 25(OH)D levels from birth to age 10 years and susceptibility to allergic sensitization, respiratory tract infections, and asthma. METHODS Asthma-, allergy-, and respiratory tract infection-associated phenotypes (including pathogen identification) were characterized in a high-risk birth cohort. Plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were quantified at birth and at clinical follow-ups at the ages of 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 years, and relationships with clinical outcomes were examined. RESULTS Cross-sectional analyses demonstrated inverse associations between 25(OH)D concentrations and the risk for concurrent sensitization at age 0.5, 2, and 3 years, and mixed-effects regression demonstrated inverse longitudinal associations of 25(OH)D levels with both sensitization and eczema. Multivariate regression modeling suggested that the number of 25(OH)D-deficient follow-ups was positively associated with risk for asthma/wheeze, eczema, and sensitization at 10 years; adjustment for sensitization (particularly by 2 years) in the asthma/wheeze models reduced 25(OH)D associations with these latter outcomes. 25(OH)D levels were also inversely associated with early nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus species and age of first febrile lower respiratory illness, both of which are known asthma risk factors. CONCLUSION 25(OH)D deficiency in early childhood is associated with increased risk for persistent asthma, potentially through modulating susceptibility to early allergic sensitization, upper respiratory tract colonization with bacterial pathogens, or both. These relationships are only evident if 25(OH)D status is monitored prospectively and longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elysia M Hollams
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Shu Mei Teo
- Centre for Systems Genomics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Merci Kusel
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Barbara J Holt
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Kathryn E Holt
- Centre for Systems Genomics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Michael Inouye
- Centre for Systems Genomics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Guicheng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Peter D Sly
- University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Prue H Hart
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Patrick G Holt
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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Martorell S, Hueso L, Gonzalez-Navarro H, Collado A, Sanz MJ, Piqueras L. Vitamin D Receptor Activation Reduces Angiotensin-II-Induced Dissecting Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Apolipoprotein E-Knockout Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:1587-97. [PMID: 27283745 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.307530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a vascular disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the aortic wall. Low concentrations of vitamin D3 are associated with AAA development; however, the potential direct effect of vitamin D3 on AAA remains unknown. This study evaluates the effect of oral treatment with the vitamin D3 receptor (VDR) ligand, calcitriol, on dissecting AAA induced by angiotensin-II (Ang-II) infusion in apoE(-/-) mice. APPROACH AND RESULTS Oral treatment with calcitriol reduced Ang-II-induced dissecting AAA formation in apoE(-/-) mice, which was unrelated to systolic blood pressure or plasma cholesterol concentrations. Immunohistochemistry and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated a significant increase in macrophage infiltration, neovessel formation, matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9, chemokine (CCL2 [(C-C motif) ligand 2], CCL5 [(C-C motif) ligand 5], and CXCL1 [(C-X-C motif) ligand 1]) and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in suprarenal aortic walls of apoE(-/-) mice infused with Ang-II, and all were significantly reduced by cotreatment with calcitriol. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and nuclear factor-κB was also decreased in the suprarenal aortas of apoE(-/-) mice cotreated with calcitriol. These effects were accompanied by a marked increase in VDR-retinoid X receptor (RXR) interaction in the aortas of calcitriol-treated mice. In vitro, VDR activation by calcitriol in human endothelial cells inhibited Ang-II-induced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, morphogenesis, and production of endothelial proinflammatory and angiogenic chemokines through VDR-RXR interactions, and knockdown of VDR or RXR abolished the inhibitory effects of calcitriol. CONCLUSIONS VDR activation reduces dissecting AAA formation induced by Ang-II in apoE(-/-) mice and may constitute a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent AAA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Martorell
- From the Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain (S.M., L.H., H.G.-N., A.C., M.-J.S., L.P.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.-J.S.); and Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Unit, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (H.G.-N.)
| | - Luisa Hueso
- From the Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain (S.M., L.H., H.G.-N., A.C., M.-J.S., L.P.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.-J.S.); and Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Unit, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (H.G.-N.)
| | - Herminia Gonzalez-Navarro
- From the Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain (S.M., L.H., H.G.-N., A.C., M.-J.S., L.P.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.-J.S.); and Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Unit, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (H.G.-N.)
| | - Aida Collado
- From the Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain (S.M., L.H., H.G.-N., A.C., M.-J.S., L.P.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.-J.S.); and Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Unit, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (H.G.-N.)
| | - Maria-Jesus Sanz
- From the Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain (S.M., L.H., H.G.-N., A.C., M.-J.S., L.P.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.-J.S.); and Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Unit, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (H.G.-N.).
| | - Laura Piqueras
- From the Institute of Health Research-INCLIVA, Department of Pharmacology, Valencia, Spain (S.M., L.H., H.G.-N., A.C., M.-J.S., L.P.); Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain (M.-J.S.); and Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders Unit, CIBERDEM, Madrid, Spain (H.G.-N.).
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the current evidence on the relationship between vitamin D and asthma. RECENT FINDINGS The rising morbidity and tremendous socioeconomic burden of asthma have prompted efforts to seek modifiable environmental and nutritional factors that contribute to the asthma epidemic. The association between low levels of vitamin D and asthma has been supported by many, but not all observational and epidemiologic studies. Recently, several controlled clinical trials have been undertaken to explore the effect of vitamin D supplementation on asthma control and respiratory tract infections. While some trials support the beneficial role of vitamin D supplementation in reducing asthma severity in children, several trials have found no beneficial role in adults. SUMMARY Given the high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in children and adults worldwide and recent randomized controlled trials of vitamin D in asthma, supplementation with vitamin D cannot be recommended as adjunctive therapy for asthma.
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31
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Faksh A, Britt RD, Vogel ER, Kuipers I, Thompson MA, Sieck GC, Pabelick CM, Martin RJ, Prakash YS. Effects of antenatal lipopolysaccharide and postnatal hyperoxia on airway reactivity and remodeling in a neonatal mouse model. Pediatr Res 2016; 79:391-400. [PMID: 26539665 PMCID: PMC4821779 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2015.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antenatal inflammation and preterm birth are associated with the development of airway diseases such as wheezing and asthma. Utilizing a newborn mouse model, we assessed the effects of maternal inflammation and postnatal hyperoxia on the neonatal airway. METHODS Pregnant C57/Bl6 dams were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or saline on embryonic day 16. Offspring were placed in room air or hyperoxia (50% O2) for 7 d and then returned to normoxia. Airway mechanics, histology, and laser capture micro-dissection (LCM) were performed. RESULTS At postnatal day 21, maternal LPS- and 50% O2-exposed pups exhibited increased resistance and decreased compliance compared to 21% O2 pups; however their effects were not synergistic. LPS and hyperoxia each increased the thickness of airway smooth muscle (ASM), but not the airway epithelial layer. Structural changes were largely limited to the conducting airways. Upregulation of inflammatory markers in the lung was observed at birth. LCM revealed increased collagen-3, transforming growth factor β, and connective tissue growth factor expression with LPS and hyperoxia within the ASM layer. CONCLUSION These novel studies provide functional, structural, and molecular evidence that antenatal inflammation is detrimental to the developing airway. Exposure to moderate hyperoxia does not exacerbate LPS effects on the airway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arij Faksh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
| | - Rodney D. Britt
- Department Anesthesiology, Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Elizabeth R. Vogel
- Department Anesthesiology, Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ine Kuipers
- Department Anesthesiology, Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michael A. Thompson
- Department Anesthesiology, Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gary C. Sieck
- Department Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Christina M. Pabelick
- Department Anesthesiology, Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Richard J. Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Rainbow Babies Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - YS Prakash
- Department Anesthesiology, Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Department Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Hall SC, Fischer KD, Agrawal DK. The impact of vitamin D on asthmatic human airway smooth muscle. Expert Rev Respir Med 2015; 10:127-35. [PMID: 26634624 DOI: 10.1586/17476348.2016.1128326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic heterogeneous disorder, which involves airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and airway remodeling. The airway smooth muscle (ASM) bundle regulates the broncho-motor tone and plays a critical role in AHR as well as orchestrating inflammation. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to increased severity and exacerbations of symptoms in asthmatic patients. It has been shown to modulate both immune and structural cells, including ASM cells, in inflammatory diseases. Given that current asthma therapies have not been successful in reversing airway remodeling, vitamin D supplementation as a potential therapeutic option has gained a great deal of attention. Here, we highlight the potential immunomodulatory properties of vitamin D in regulating ASM function and airway inflammation in bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sannette C Hall
- a Department of Biomedical Science , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Kimberly D Fischer
- b Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- a Department of Biomedical Science , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA.,b Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA.,c Department of Clinical and Translational Science , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA
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Faksh A, Britt RD, Vogel ER, Thompson MA, Pandya HC, Martin RJ, Pabelick CM, Prakash YS. TLR3 activation increases chemokine expression in human fetal airway smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 310:L202-11. [PMID: 26589477 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00151.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infections, such as respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus, adversely affect neonatal and pediatric populations, resulting in significant lung morbidity, including acute asthma exacerbation. Studies in adults have demonstrated that human airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells modulate inflammation through their ability to secrete inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. The role of ASM in the developing airway during infection remains undefined. In our study, we used human fetal ASM cells as an in vitro model to examine the effect of Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists on chemokine secretion. We found that fetal ASM express multiple TLRs, including TLR3 and TLR4, which are implicated in the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus and rhinovirus infection. Cells were treated with TLR agonists, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] (TLR3 agonist), lipopolysaccharide (TLR4 agonist), or R848 (TLR7/8 agonist), and IL-8 and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) secretion were evaluated. Interestingly, poly(I:C), but neither lipopolysaccharide nor R848, increased IL-8 and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 secretion. Examination of signaling pathways suggested that the poly(I:C) effects in fetal ASM involve TLR and ERK signaling, in addition to another major inflammatory pathway, NF-κB. Moreover, there are variations between fetal and adult ASM with respect to poly(I:C) effects on signaling pathways. Pharmacological inhibition suggested that ERK pathways mediate poly(I:C) effects. Overall, our data show that poly(I:C) initiates activation of proinflammatory pathways in developing ASM, which may contribute to immune responses to infection and exacerbation of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arij Faksh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Rodney D Britt
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Elizabeth R Vogel
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Hitesh C Pandya
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; Department of Immunology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom; and
| | - Richard J Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Rainbow Babies Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota;
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Thompson MA, Britt RD, Kuipers I, Stewart A, Thu J, Pandya HC, MacFarlane P, Pabelick CM, Martin RJ, Prakash YS. cAMP-mediated secretion of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in developing airway smooth muscle. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2015; 1853:2506-14. [PMID: 26112987 PMCID: PMC4558218 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Moderate hyperoxic exposure in preterm infants contributes to subsequent airway dysfunction and to risk of developing recurrent wheeze and asthma. The regulatory mechanisms that can contribute to hyperoxia-induced airway dysfunction are still under investigation. Recent studies in mice show that hyperoxia increases brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a growth factor that increases airway smooth muscle (ASM) proliferation and contractility. We assessed the mechanisms underlying effects of moderate hyperoxia (50% O2) on BDNF expression and secretion in developing human ASM. Hyperoxia increased BDNF secretion, but did not alter endogenous BDNF mRNA or intracellular protein levels. Exposure to hyperoxia significantly increased [Ca2+]i responses to histamine, an effect blunted by the BDNF chelator TrkB-Fc. Hyperoxia also increased ASM cAMP levels, associated with reduced PDE4 activity, but did not alter protein kinase A (PKA) activity or adenylyl cyclase mRNA levels. However, 50% O2 increased expression of Epac2, which is activated by cAMP and can regulate protein secretion. Silencing RNA studies indicated that Epac2, but not Epac1, is important for hyperoxia-induced BDNF secretion, while PKA inhibition did not influence BDNF secretion. In turn, BDNF had autocrine effects of enhancing ASM cAMP levels, an effect inhibited by TrkB and BDNF siRNAs. Together, these novel studies suggest that hyperoxia can modulate BDNF secretion, via cAMP-mediated Epac2 activation in ASM, resulting in a positive feedback effect of BDNF-mediated elevation in cAMP levels. The potential functional role of this pathway is to sustain BDNF secretion following hyperoxic stimulus, leading to enhanced ASM contractility and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodney D Britt
- Department of Anesthesiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ine Kuipers
- Department of Anesthesiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Alecia Stewart
- Department of Anesthesiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - James Thu
- Department of Anesthesiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hitesh C Pandya
- Department Pediatrics, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Peter MacFarlane
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Rainbow Babies Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Richard J Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Rainbow Babies Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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35
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Britt RD, Thompson MA, Kuipers I, Stewart A, Vogel ER, Thu J, Martin RJ, Pabelick CM, Prakash YS. Soluble guanylate cyclase modulators blunt hyperoxia effects on calcium responses of developing human airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L537-42. [PMID: 26254425 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00232.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to moderate hyperoxia in prematurity contributes to subsequent airway dysfunction and increases the risk of developing recurrent wheeze and asthma. The nitric oxide (NO)-soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)-cyclic GMP (cGMP) axis modulates airway tone by regulating airway smooth muscle (ASM) intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]i) and contractility. However, the effects of hyperoxia on this axis in the context of Ca(2+)/contractility are not known. In developing human ASM, we explored the effects of novel drugs that activate sGC independent of NO on alleviating hyperoxia (50% oxygen)-induced enhancement of Ca(2+) responses to bronchoconstrictor agonists. Treatment with BAY 41-2272 (sGC stimulator) and BAY 60-2770 (sGC activator) increased cGMP levels during exposure to 50% O2. Although 50% O2 did not alter sGCα1 or sGCβ1 expression, BAY 60-2770 did increase sGCβ1 expression. BAY 41-2272 and BAY 60-2770 blunted Ca(2+) responses to histamine in cells exposed to 50% O2. The effects of BAY 41-2272 and BAY 60-2770 were reversed by protein kinase G inhibition. These novel data demonstrate that BAY 41-2272 and BAY 60-2770 stimulate production of cGMP and blunt hyperoxia-induced increases in Ca(2+) responses in developing ASM. Accordingly, sGC stimulators/activators may be a useful therapeutic strategy in improving bronchodilation in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Richard J Martin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Rainbow Babies Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - Y S Prakash
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
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36
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Vogel ER, VanOosten SK, Holman MA, Hohbein DD, Thompson MA, Vassallo R, Pandya HC, Prakash YS, Pabelick CM. Cigarette smoke enhances proliferation and extracellular matrix deposition by human fetal airway smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L978-86. [PMID: 25344066 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00111.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a common environmental insult associated with increased risk of developing airway diseases such as wheezing and asthma in neonates and children. In adults, asthma involves airway remodeling characterized by increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) cell proliferation and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, as well as airway hyperreactivity. The effects of cigarette smoke on remodeling and contractility in the developing airway are not well-elucidated. In this study, we used canalicular-stage (18-20 wk gestational age) human fetal airway smooth muscle (fASM) cells as an in vitro model of the immature airway. fASM cells were exposed to cigarette smoke extract (CSE; 0.5-1.5% for 24-72 h), and cell proliferation, ECM deposition, and intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)]i) responses to agonist (histamine 10 μM) were used to evaluate effects on remodeling and hyperreactivity. CSE significantly increased cell proliferation and deposition of ECM molecules collagen I, collagen III, and fibronectin. In contrast, [Ca(2+)]i responses were not significantly affected by CSE. Analysis of key signaling pathways demonstrated significant increase in extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) and p38 activation with CSE. Inhibition of ERK or p38 signaling prevented CSE-mediated changes in proliferation, whereas only ERK inhibition attenuated the CSE-mediated increase in ECM deposition. Overall, these results demonstrate that cigarette smoke may enhance remodeling in developing human ASM through hyperplasia and ECM production, thus contributing to development of neonatal and pediatric airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth R Vogel
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | | | | | - Robert Vassallo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; and
| | - Hitesh C Pandya
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Y S Prakash
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Christina M Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota;
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