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Pazos-Pérez A, Piñeiro-Ramil M, Franco-Trepat E, Alonso-Pérez A, Guillán-Fresco M, Crespo-Golmar A, López-Fagúndez M, Aranda JC, Bravo SB, Jorge-Mora A, Gómez R. The Hepatokine RBP4 Links Metabolic Diseases to Articular Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:124. [PMID: 38275649 PMCID: PMC10812991 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigates the role of retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) in an articular context. RBP4, a vitamin A transporter, is linked to various metabolic diseases. METHODS Synovial fluid RBP4 levels were assessed in crystalline arthritis (CA) patients using ELISA. RBP4's impact on articular cell types was analysed in vitro through RT-PCR and flow cytometry. Proteomic analysis was conducted on primary human osteoarthritis chondrocytes (hOACs). RESULTS Synovial fluid RBP4 concentrations in CA patients correlated positively with glucose levels and negatively with synovial leukocyte count and were elevated in hypertensive patients. In vitro, these RBP4 concentrations activated neutrophils, induced the expression of inflammatory factors in hOACs as well as synoviocytes, and triggered proteomic changes consistent with inflammation. Moreover, they increased catabolism and decreased anabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and glycolysis promotion. Both in silico and in vitro experiments suggested that RBP4 acts through TLR4. CONCLUSIONS This study identifies relevant RBP4 concentrations in CA patients' synovial fluids, linking them to hypertensive patients with a metabolic disruption. Evidence is provided that RBP4 acts as a DAMP at these concentrations, inducing robust inflammatory, catabolic, chemotactic, and metabolic responses in chondrocytes, synoviocytes, and neutrophils. These effects may explain RBP4-related metabolic diseases' contribution to joint destruction in various rheumatic conditions like CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Pazos-Pérez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - María Piñeiro-Ramil
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Eloi Franco-Trepat
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Ana Alonso-Pérez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - María Guillán-Fresco
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Antía Crespo-Golmar
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Miriam López-Fagúndez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Javier Conde Aranda
- Molecular and Cellular Gastroenterology, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Susana Belen Bravo
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Alberto Jorge-Mora
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
| | - Rodolfo Gómez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (A.P.-P.); (M.P.-R.); (E.F.-T.); (A.A.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (A.C.-G.); (M.L.-F.); (S.B.B.); (A.J.-M.)
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2
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Gawałko M, Saljic A, Li N, Abu-Taha I, Jespersen T, Linz D, Nattel S, Heijman J, Fender A, Dobrev D. Adiposity-associated atrial fibrillation: molecular determinants, mechanisms, and clinical significance. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:614-630. [PMID: 35689487 PMCID: PMC10409902 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an important contributing factor to the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF) and its complications by causing systemic changes, such as altered haemodynamic, increased sympathetic tone, and low-grade chronic inflammatory state. In addition, adipose tissue is a metabolically active organ that comprises various types of fat deposits with discrete composition and localization that show distinct functions. Fatty tissue differentially affects the evolution of AF, with highly secretory active visceral fat surrounding the heart generally having a more potent influence than the rather inert subcutaneous fat. A variety of proinflammatory, profibrotic, and vasoconstrictive mediators are secreted by adipose tissue, particularly originating from cardiac fat, that promote atrial remodelling and increase the susceptibility to AF. In this review, we address the role of obesity-related factors and in particular specific adipose tissue depots in driving AF risk. We discuss the distinct effects of key secreted adipokines from different adipose tissue depots and their participation in cardiac remodelling. The possible mechanistic basis and molecular determinants of adiposity-related AF are discussed, and finally, we highlight important gaps in current knowledge, areas requiring future investigation, and implications for clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Gawałko
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
- 1st Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-197 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arnela Saljic
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Na Li
- Department of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Research), Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Issam Abu-Taha
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Thomas Jespersen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dominik Linz
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders, Royal Adelaide Hospital, University of Adelaide, Port Road, SA 5000 Adelaide, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Stanley Nattel
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Medicine and Research Center, Montréal Heart Institute and University de Montréal, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- IHU LIRYC Institute, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33600 Pessac, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jordi Heijman
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre and Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Fender
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Dobromir Dobrev
- Institute of Pharmacology, West German Heart and Vascular Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Medicine and Research Center, Montréal Heart Institute and University de Montréal, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
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3
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Franco-Trepat E, Alonso-Pérez A, Guillán-Fresco M, López-Fagúndez M, Pazos-Pérez A, Crespo-Golmar A, Belén Bravo S, López-López V, Jorge-Mora A, Cerón-Carrasco JP, Lois Iglesias A, Gómez R. β Boswellic Acid Blocks Articular Innate Immune Responses: An In Silico and In Vitro Approach to Traditional Medicine. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020371. [PMID: 36829930 PMCID: PMC9952103 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is hallmarked as a silent progressive rheumatic disease of the whole joint. The accumulation of inflammatory and catabolic factors such as IL6, TNFα, and COX2 drives the OA pathophysiology into cartilage degradation, synovia inflammation, and bone destruction. There is no clinical available OA treatment. Although traditional ayurvedic medicine has been using Boswellia serrata extracts (BSE) as an antirheumatic treatment for a millennium, none of the BSE components have been clinically approved. Recently, β boswellic acid (BBA) has been shown to reduce in vivo OA-cartilage loss through an unknown mechanism. We used computational pharmacology, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics to present solid evidence of BBA therapeutic properties in mouse and primary human OA joint cells. Specifically, BBA binds to the innate immune receptor Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) complex and inhibits both TLR4 and Interleukin 1 Receptor (IL1R) signaling in OA chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and synoviocytes. Moreover, BBA inhibition of TLR4/IL1R downregulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) synthesis and MAPK p38/NFκB, NLRP3, IFNαβ, TNF, and ECM-related pathways. Altogether, we present a solid bulk of evidence that BBA blocks OA innate immune responses and could be transferred into the clinic as an alimentary supplement or as a therapeutic tool after clinical trial evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloi Franco-Trepat
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Alonso-Pérez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Guillán-Fresco
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miriam López-Fagúndez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrés Pazos-Pérez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antía Crespo-Golmar
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Susana Belén Bravo
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Verónica López-López
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Jorge-Mora
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José P. Cerón-Carrasco
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, C/Coronel López Peña S/N, Base Aérea de San Javier, Santiago de La Ribera, 30720 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Lois Iglesias
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Gómez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Relaxin-2 plasma levels in atrial fibrillation are linked to inflammation and oxidative stress markers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22287. [PMID: 36566255 PMCID: PMC9789945 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Relaxin-2 exerts many favourable cardiovascular effects in pathological circumstances such as atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure, but the mechanisms underlying its actions are not completely understood. Since inflammation and fibrosis are pivotal processes in the pathogenesis of AF, our aim was to study the relationship between relaxin-2 plasma levels in left atrium (LA) and peripheral vein with molecules implicated in fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in AF patients, and to evaluate the anti-fibrotic ability of relaxin-2 in normal human atrial cardiac fibroblasts (NHCF-A). Peripheral vein relaxin-2 plasma levels were higher than LA relaxin-2 plasma levels in men while, in women, peripheral vein relaxin-2 levels were increased compared to men. AF patients with higher levels of relaxin-2 exhibited a reduction in H2O2 plasma levels and in mRNA levels of alpha-defensin 3 (DEFA3) and IL-6 in leucocytes from LA plasma. Relaxin-2-in-vitro treatment inhibited NHCF-A migration and decreased mRNA and protein levels of the pro-fibrotic molecule transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). Our results support an association between relaxin-2 and molecules involved in fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in AF patients, and reinforce an anti-fibrotic protective role of this hormone in NHCF-A; strengthening the relevance of relaxin-2 in AF physiopathology, diagnosis and treatment.
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Carbone AM, Del Calvo G, Nagliya D, Sharma K, Lymperopoulos A. Autonomic Nervous System Regulation of Epicardial Adipose Tissue: Potential Roles for Regulator of G Protein Signaling-4. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:6093-6103. [PMID: 36547076 PMCID: PMC9776453 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44120415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) or epicardial fat is a visceral fat depot in the heart that contains intrinsic adrenergic and cholinergic nerves, through which it interacts with the cardiac sympathetic (adrenergic) and parasympathetic (cholinergic) nervous systems. These EAT nerves represent a significant source of several adipokines and other bioactive molecules, including norepinephrine, epinephrine, and free fatty acids. The production of these molecules is biologically relevant for the heart, since abnormalities in EAT secretion are implicated in the development of pathological conditions, including coronary atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure. Sympathetic hyperactivity and parasympathetic (cholinergic) derangement are associated with EAT dysfunction, leading to a variety of adverse cardiac conditions, such as heart failure, diastolic dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, etc.; therefore, several studies have focused on exploring the autonomic regulation of EAT as it pertains to heart disease pathogenesis and progression. In addition, Regulator of G protein Signaling (RGS)-4 is a protein with significant regulatory roles in both adrenergic and muscarinic receptor signaling in the heart. In this review, we provide an overview of the autonomic regulation of EAT, with a specific focus on cardiac RGS4 and the potential roles this protein plays in this regulation.
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Franco-Trepat E, Guillán-Fresco M, Alonso-Pérez A, López-Fagúndez M, Pazos-Pérez A, Crespo-Golmar A, Gualillo O, Jorge-Mora A, Bravo SB, Gómez R. Repurposing drugs to inhibit innate immune responses associated with TLR4, IL1, and NLRP3 signaling in joint cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113671. [PMID: 36108390 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) affects more than 300 million people worldwide and it is about to become the first disabling disease. OA is characterized by the progressive degradation of the articular cartilage but is a disease of the whole joint. Articular innate immune responses (IIR) associated with tissue degradation contribute to its progression. However, no treatment is available to block these IIRs. Through data text mining and computational pharmacology, we identified two clinical available drugs, naloxone, and thalidomide, with potential inhibitory properties on toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a major activator of these IIR. Proteome analysis confirmed that activation of this receptor or the IL1 receptor generated OA-like and gout-like proteomic changes in human primary chondrocytes. Both compounds were found to block TLR4 complex and inhibit TLR4 and IL1R-mediated IIR in OA chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and synoviocytes. Furthermore, naloxone and thalidomide inhibitory effects involved the downregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, which is downstream of TLR4/IL1R signaling. We demonstrated that these compounds, within a therapeutic range of concentrations, exhibited anti-inflammatory and anti-catabolic properties in joint primary OA cells without any toxic effect. This data underpins naloxone & thalidomide repurpose to treat OA-associated inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloi Franco-Trepat
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - María Guillán-Fresco
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Ana Alonso-Pérez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Miriam López-Fagúndez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Andrés Pazos-Pérez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Antia Crespo-Golmar
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- Research laboratory 9 (NEIRID LAB), Institute of Medical Research, SERGAS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Alberto Jorge-Mora
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Susana Belén Bravo
- Proteomics Unit, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Gómez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain.
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Poggi AL, Gaborit B, Schindler TH, Liberale L, Montecucco F, Carbone F. Epicardial fat and atrial fibrillation: the perils of atrial failure. Europace 2022; 24:1201-1212. [PMID: 35274140 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a heterogeneous condition, characterized by different phenotypes and for which the classical assessment with body mass index may underestimate the real impact on cardiovascular (CV) disease burden. An epidemiological link between obesity and atrial fibrillation (AF) has been clearly demonstrated and becomes even more tight when ectopic (i.e. epicardial) fat deposition is considered. Due to anatomical and functional features, a tight paracrine cross-talk exists between epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and myocardium, including the left atrium (LA). Alongside-and even without-mechanical atrial stretch, the dysfunctional EAT may determine a pro-inflammatory environment in the surrounding myocardial tissue. This evidence has provided a new intriguing pathophysiological link with AF, which in turn is no longer considered a single entity but rather the final stage of atrial remodelling. This maladaptive process would indeed include structural, electric, and autonomic derangement that ultimately leads to overt disease. Here, we update how dysfunctional EAT would orchestrate LA remodelling. Maladaptive changes sustained by dysfunctional EAT are driven by a pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic secretome that alters the sinoatrial microenvironment. Structural (e.g. fibro-fatty infiltration) and cellular (e.g. mitochondrial uncoupling, sarcoplasmic reticulum fragmentation, and cellular protein quantity/localization) changes then determine an electrophysiological remodelling that also involves the autonomic nervous system. Finally, we summarize how EAT dysfunction may fit with the standard guidelines for AF. Lastly, we focus on the potential benefit of weight loss and different classes of CV drugs on EAT dysfunction, LA remodelling, and ultimately AF onset and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Lorenzo Poggi
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Bénédicte Gaborit
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition, Pôle ENDO, APHM, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Hellmut Schindler
- Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Luca Liberale
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa-Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa-Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Federico Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa-Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Franco-Trepat E, Alonso-Pérez A, Guillán-Fresco M, Jorge-Mora A, Crespo-Gomar A, López-Fagúndez M, Pazos-Pérez A, Gualillo O, Belén Bravo S, Gómez R. Amitriptyline blocks innate immune responses mediated by TLR4 & IL1R: preclinical and clinical evidence in OA and gout. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:270-286. [PMID: 34643941 PMCID: PMC9300168 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Osteoarthritis, a major cause of disability in developed countries does not have effective treatment. Activation of TLR4 and innate immune response factors contribute to osteoarthritis progressive cartilage degradation. There are no clinically available TLR4 inhibitors. Interestingly, the antidepressant amitriptyline could block this receptor. Thus, we evaluated amitriptyline anti‐TLR4 effects on human osteoarthritis chondrocytes in order to repurpose it as an inhibitor of innate immune response in joint inflammatory pathologies. Experimental Approach Using in silico docking analysis, RT‐PCR, siRNA, elisa, proteomics and clinical data mining of drug consumption, we explored the clinical relevance of amitriptyline blockade of TLR4‐mediated innate immune responses in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes. Key Results Amitriptyline bound TLR4 but not IL‐1 receptor. Interestingly, amitriptyline binding to TLR4 inhibited TLR4‐ and IL‐1 receptor‐mediated innate immune responses in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes, synoviocytes and osteoblasts cells. Amitriptyline reduced basal innate immune responses and promoted anabolic effects in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes. Supporting its anti‐innate immune response effects, amitriptyline down‐regulated basal and induced expression of NLRP3, an inflammasome member from IL‐1 receptor signalling linked to osteoarthritis and gout pathologies. Accordingly, mining of dissociated and aggregated drug consumption data from 107,172 elderly patients (>65 years) revealed that amitriptyline consumption was significantly associated with lower colchicine consumption associated with inflammatory gout flare treatment. Conclusion and Implications Amitriptyline blocks TLR4‐, IL‐1 receptor and NLRP3‐dependent innate immune responses. This together with clinical data amitriptyline could be repurposed for systemic or local innate immune response management in diverse joint inflammatory pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloi Franco-Trepat
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Alonso-Pérez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María Guillán-Fresco
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alberto Jorge-Mora
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antia Crespo-Gomar
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miriam López-Fagúndez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Andrés Pazos-Pérez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- NEIRID LAB, Institute IDIS, SERGAS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Susana Belén Bravo
- Proteomics Unit, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Gómez
- Musculoskeletal Pathology Group, Institute IDIS, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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9
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Krishnan A, Chilton E, Raman J, Saxena P, McFarlane C, Trollope AF, Kinobe R, Chilton L. Are Interactions between Epicardial Adipose Tissue, Cardiac Fibroblasts and Cardiac Myocytes Instrumental in Atrial Fibrosis and Atrial Fibrillation? Cells 2021; 10:2501. [PMID: 34572150 PMCID: PMC8467050 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is very common among the elderly and/or obese. While myocardial fibrosis is associated with atrial fibrillation, the exact mechanisms within atrial myocytes and surrounding non-myocytes are not fully understood. This review considers the potential roles of myocardial fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in fibrosis and modulating myocyte electrophysiology through electrotonic interactions. Coupling with (myo)fibroblasts in vitro and in silico prolonged myocyte action potential duration and caused resting depolarization; an optogenetic study has verified in vivo that fibroblasts depolarized when coupled myocytes produced action potentials. This review also introduces another non-myocyte which may modulate both myocardial (myo)fibroblasts and myocytes: epicardial adipose tissue. Epicardial adipocytes are in intimate contact with myocytes and (myo)fibroblasts and may infiltrate the myocardium. Adipocytes secrete numerous adipokines which modulate (myo)fibroblast and myocyte physiology. These adipokines are protective in healthy hearts, preventing inflammation and fibrosis. However, adipokines secreted from adipocytes may switch to pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic, associated with reactive oxygen species generation. Pro-fibrotic adipokines stimulate myofibroblast differentiation, causing pronounced fibrosis in the epicardial adipose tissue and the myocardium. Adipose tissue also influences myocyte electrophysiology, via the adipokines and/or through electrotonic interactions. Deeper understanding of the interactions between myocytes and non-myocytes is important to understand and manage atrial fibrillation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh Krishnan
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Emily Chilton
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada;
| | - Jaishankar Raman
- Austin & St Vincent’s Hospitals, Melbourne University, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC 3217, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- School of Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Pankaj Saxena
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, QLD 4814, Australia;
| | - Craig McFarlane
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Alexandra F. Trollope
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Robert Kinobe
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Lisa Chilton
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
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10
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Couselo-Seijas M, Rodríguez-Mañero M, González-Juanatey JR, Eiras S. Updates on epicardial adipose tissue mechanisms on atrial fibrillation. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13277. [PMID: 34002458 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a well-known risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). Local epi-myocardial or intra-myocardial adiposity caused by aging, obesity, or cardiovascular disease (CVD) is considered to be a better predictor of the risk of AF than general adiposity. Some of the described mechanisms suggest that epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) participates in structural remodeling owing to its endocrine activity or its infiltration between cardiomyocytes. Epicardial fat also wraps up the ganglionated plexi that reach the myocardium. Although the increment of volume/thickness and activity of EAT might modify autonomic activity, autonomic system dysfunction might also change the endocrine activity of epicardial fat in a feedback response. As a result, new preventive therapeutic strategies are focused on reducing adiposity and weight loss before AF ablation or inhibiting autonomic neurotransmitter secretion on fat pads during open-heart surgery to reduce the recurrence or postoperative risk of AF. In this manuscript, we review some of the novel findings regarding the pathophysiology and associated risk factors of AF, with special emphasis on the role of EAT in the electrical, structural, and molecular mechanisms of AF initiation and maintenance. In addition, we have included a brief note provided on epicardial fat preclinical models that could be useful for identifying new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinela Couselo-Seijas
- Translational Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Moisés Rodríguez-Mañero
- Translational Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José R González-Juanatey
- University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sonia Eiras
- Translational Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
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11
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López-Canoa JN, Couselo-Seijas M, Baluja A, González-Melchor L, Rozados A, Llorente-Cortés V, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Guerra JM, Vilades D, Leta R, Martínez-Sande JL, García-Seara FJ, Fernández-López XA, González-Juanatey JR, Eiras S, Rodríguez-Mañero M. Sex-related differences of fatty acid-binding protein 4 and leptin levels in atrial fibrillation. Europace 2021; 23:682-690. [PMID: 33319222 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euaa284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Adiposity plays a key role in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Our aim was to study the sex differences in adipokines levels according to AF burden. METHODS AND RESULTS Two independent cohorts of patients were studied: (i) consecutive patients with AF undergoing catheter ablation (n = 217) and (ii) a control group (n = 105). (i) Adipokines, oxidative stress, indirect autonomic markers, and leucocytes mRNA levels were analysed; (ii) correlation between biomarkers was explored with heatmaps and Kendall correlation coefficients; and (iii) logistic regression and random forest model were used to determine predictors of AF recurrence after ablation. Our results showed that: (i) fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) and leptin levels were higher in women than in men in both cohorts (P < 0.01). In women, FABP4 levels were higher on AF cohort (20 ± 14 control, 29 ± 18 paroxysmal AF and 31 ± 17 ng/mL persistent AF; P < 0.01). In men, leptin levels were lower on AF cohort (22 ± 15 control, 13 ± 16 paroxysmal AF and 13 ± 11 ng/mL persistent AF; P < 0.01). (ii) In female with paroxysmal AF, there was a lower acetylcholinesterase and higher carbonic anhydrase levels with respect to men (P < 0.05). (iii) Adipokines have an important role on discriminate AF recurrence after ablation. In persistent AF, FABP4 was the best predictor of recurrence after ablation (1.067, 95% confidence interval 1-1.14; P = 0.046). CONCLUSION The major finding of the present study is the sex-based differences of FABP4 and leptin levels according to AF burden. These adipokines are associated with oxidative stress, inflammatory and autonomic indirect markers, indicating that they may play a role in AF perpetuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N López-Canoa
- Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain
| | - M Couselo-Seijas
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain
| | - A Baluja
- Critical Patient Translational Research Group, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Management, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - L González-Melchor
- Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Rozados
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain
| | - V Llorente-Cortés
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)-Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - D de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona (IIBB)-Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain.,Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J M Guerra
- CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica-Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sant Antoni M a Claret, Spain
| | - D Vilades
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica-Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sant Antoni M a Claret, Spain
| | - R Leta
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica-Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sant Antoni M a Claret, Spain
| | - J L Martínez-Sande
- Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - F J García-Seara
- Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - X A Fernández-López
- Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J R González-Juanatey
- Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Eiras
- Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Rodríguez-Mañero
- Cardiovascular area and Coronary Unit, University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Translational Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela (USC), Travesía da Choupana s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15706 A Coruña, Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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12
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Adipose-Derived Exosomes as Possible Players in the Development of Insulin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147427. [PMID: 34299048 PMCID: PMC8304687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) is an endocrine organ involved in the management of energy metabolism via secretion of adipokines, hormones, and recently described secretory microvesicles, i.e., exosomes. Exosomes are rich in possible biologically active factors such as proteins, lipids, and RNA. The secretory function of adipose tissue is affected by pathological processes. One of the most important of these is obesity, which triggers adipose tissue inflammation and adversely affects the release of beneficial adipokines. Both processes may lead to further AT dysfunction, contributing to changes in whole-body metabolism and, subsequently, to insulin resistance. According to recent data, changes within the production, release, and content of exosomes produced by AT may be essential to understand the role of adipose tissue in the development of metabolic disorders. In this review, we summarize actual knowledge about the possible role of AT-derived exosomes in the development of insulin resistance, highlighting methodological challenges and potential gains resulting from exosome studies.
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13
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Peñas-Martínez J, Barrachina MN, Cuenca-Zamora EJ, Luengo-Gil G, Bravo SB, Caparrós-Pérez E, Teruel-Montoya R, Eliseo-Blanco J, Vicente V, García Á, Martínez-Martínez I, Ferrer-Marín F. Qualitative and Quantitative Comparison of Plasma Exosomes from Neonates and Adults. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041926. [PMID: 33672065 PMCID: PMC7919666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that contain nucleic acids, lipids and metabolites, and play a critical role in health and disease as mediators of intercellular communication. The majority of extracellular vesicles in the blood are platelet-derived. Compared to adults, neonatal platelets are hyporeactive and show impaired granule release, associated with defects in Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion Attachment protein REceptor (SNARE) proteins. Since these proteins participate in biogenesis of exosomes, we investigated the potential differences between newborn and adult plasma-derived exosomes. Plasma-derived exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation of umbilical cord blood from full-term neonates or peripheral blood from adults. Exosome characterization included size determination by transmission electron microscopy and quantitative proteomic analysis. Plasma-derived exosomes from neonates were significantly smaller and contained 65% less protein than those from adults. Remarkably, 131 proteins were found to be differentially expressed, 83 overexpressed and 48 underexpressed in neonatal (vs. adult) exosomes. Whereas the upregulated proteins in plasma exosomes from neonates are associated with platelet activation, coagulation and granule secretion, most of the underexpressed proteins are immunoglobulins. This is the first study showing that exosome size and content change with age. Our findings may contribute to elucidating the potential “developmental hemostatic mismatch risk” associated with transfusions containing plasma exosomes from adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Peñas-Martínez
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (E.J.C.-Z.); (G.L.-G.); (E.C.-P.); (R.T.-M.); (V.V.)
| | - María N. Barrachina
- Platelet Proteomics Group, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.N.B.); (Á.G.)
| | - Ernesto José Cuenca-Zamora
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (E.J.C.-Z.); (G.L.-G.); (E.C.-P.); (R.T.-M.); (V.V.)
| | - Ginés Luengo-Gil
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (E.J.C.-Z.); (G.L.-G.); (E.C.-P.); (R.T.-M.); (V.V.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Patología Molecular y Farmacogenética, Departamento de Dermatología, Estomatología, Radiología y Medicina Física, Hospital General Universitario Santa Lucía, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30202 Cartagena, Spain
| | - Susana Belén Bravo
- Servicio de Proteomica, e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital ClínicoUniversitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Eva Caparrós-Pérez
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (E.J.C.-Z.); (G.L.-G.); (E.C.-P.); (R.T.-M.); (V.V.)
| | - Raúl Teruel-Montoya
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (E.J.C.-Z.); (G.L.-G.); (E.C.-P.); (R.T.-M.); (V.V.)
- U-765-CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Eliseo-Blanco
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Clínico Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Vicente Vicente
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (E.J.C.-Z.); (G.L.-G.); (E.C.-P.); (R.T.-M.); (V.V.)
- U-765-CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel García
- Platelet Proteomics Group, Centro Singular de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela e Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (M.N.B.); (Á.G.)
| | - Irene Martínez-Martínez
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (E.J.C.-Z.); (G.L.-G.); (E.C.-P.); (R.T.-M.); (V.V.)
- U-765-CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.M.-M.); (F.F.-M.); Tel.: +34-968341990 (I.M-M. & F.F.-M.)
| | - Francisca Ferrer-Marín
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30003 Murcia, Spain; (J.P.-M.); (E.J.C.-Z.); (G.L.-G.); (E.C.-P.); (R.T.-M.); (V.V.)
- U-765-CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28220 Madrid, Spain
- Grado de Medicina, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.M.-M.); (F.F.-M.); Tel.: +34-968341990 (I.M-M. & F.F.-M.)
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14
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Álvarez VJ, Bravo SB, Chantada-Vazquez MP, Colón C, De Castro MJ, Morales M, Vitoria I, Tomatsu S, Otero-Espinar FJ, Couce ML. Characterization of New Proteomic Biomarker Candidates in Mucopolysaccharidosis Type IVA. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010226. [PMID: 33379360 PMCID: PMC7795692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA (MPS IVA) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS) gene. Skeletal dysplasia and the related clinical features of MPS IVA are caused by disruption of the cartilage and its extracellular matrix, leading to a growth imbalance. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant human GALNS has yielded positive results in activity of daily living and endurance tests. However, no data have demonstrated improvements in bone lesions and bone grow thin MPS IVA after ERT, and there is no correlation between therapeutic efficacy and urine levels of keratan sulfate, which accumulates in MPS IVA patients. Using qualitative and quantitative proteomics approaches, we analyzed leukocyte samples from healthy controls (n = 6) and from untreated (n = 5) and ERT-treated (n = 8, sampled before and after treatment) MPS IVA patients to identify potential biomarkers of disease. Out of 690 proteins identified in leukocytes, we selected a group of proteins that were dysregulated in MPS IVA patients with ERT. From these, we identified four potential protein biomarkers, all of which may influence bone and cartilage metabolism: lactotransferrin, coronin 1A, neutral alpha-glucosidase AB, and vitronectin. Further studies of cartilage and bone alterations in MPS IVA will be required to verify the validity of these proteins as potential biomarkers of MPS IVA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor J. Álvarez
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Pediatrics, Neonatology Service, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), CIBERER, MetabERN, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain or (V.J.Á.); (C.C.); (M.J.D.C.)
- Skeletal Dysplasia Lab Nemours Biomedical Research Nemours/Alfred I. du Pont Hospital for Children, 1600 Rockland Road., Wilmington, DE 19803, USA;
| | - Susana B. Bravo
- Proteomic Platform, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (S.B.B.); (M.P.C.-V.)
| | - Maria Pilar Chantada-Vazquez
- Proteomic Platform, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (S.B.B.); (M.P.C.-V.)
| | - Cristóbal Colón
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Pediatrics, Neonatology Service, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), CIBERER, MetabERN, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain or (V.J.Á.); (C.C.); (M.J.D.C.)
| | - María J. De Castro
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Pediatrics, Neonatology Service, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), CIBERER, MetabERN, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain or (V.J.Á.); (C.C.); (M.J.D.C.)
| | - Montserrat Morales
- Minority Diseases Unit Hospital Universitario12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Isidro Vitoria
- Nutrition and Metabolophaties Unit, Hospital Universitario La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Shunji Tomatsu
- Skeletal Dysplasia Lab Nemours Biomedical Research Nemours/Alfred I. du Pont Hospital for Children, 1600 Rockland Road., Wilmington, DE 19803, USA;
| | - Francisco J. Otero-Espinar
- Paraquasil Platform, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15872 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María L. Couce
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Pediatrics, Neonatology Service, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), CIBERER, MetabERN, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain or (V.J.Á.); (C.C.); (M.J.D.C.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +34-981-951-100
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15
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Couselo-Seijas M, Lopez-Canoa JN, Fernandez ÁL, González-Melchor L, Seoane LM, Duran-Muñoz D, Rozados-Luis A, González-Juanatey JR, Rodríguez-Mañero M, Eiras S. Inflammatory and lipid regulation by cholinergic activity in epicardial stromal cells from patients who underwent open-heart surgery. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10958-10969. [PMID: 32767737 PMCID: PMC7521153 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The modulation of acetylcholine (ACh) release by botulinum toxin injection into epicardial fat diminishes atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence. These results suggest an interaction between autonomic imbalance and epicardial fat as risk factors of AF. Our aim was to study the inflammatory, lipidic and fibroblastic profile of epicardial stroma from patients who underwent open‐heart surgery, their regulation by cholinergic activity and its association with AF. We performed in vitro and ex vivo assays from paired subcutaneous and epicardial stromal cells or explants from 33 patients. Acute ACh effects in inflammation and lipid‐related genes were analysed by qPCR, in intracellular calcium mobilization were performed by Fluo‐4 AM staining and in neutrophil migration by trans‐well assays. Chronic ACh effects on lipid accumulation were visualized by AdipoRed. Plasma protein regulation by parasympathetic denervation was studied in vagotomized rats. Our results showed a higher pro‐inflammatory profile in epicardial regarding subcutaneous stromal cells. Acute ACh treatment up‐regulated monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 levels. Chronic ACh treatment improved lipid accumulation within epicardial stromal cells (60.50% [22.82‐85.13] vs 13.85% [6.17‐23.16], P < .001). Additionally, patients with AF had higher levels of fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (1.54 ± 0.01 vs 1.47 ± 0.01, P = .005). Its plasma levels were pronouncedly declined in vagotomized rats (2.02 ± 0.21 ng/mL vs 0.65 ± 0.23 ng/mL, P < .001). Our findings support the characterization of acute or chronic cholinergic activity on epicardial stroma and its association with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinela Couselo-Seijas
- Translational Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José N Lopez-Canoa
- Translational Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Cardiovascular Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ángel L Fernandez
- University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Heart Surgery Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laila González-Melchor
- Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luisa M Seoane
- Endocrine Physiopathology Group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERobn, Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío Duran-Muñoz
- Heart Surgery Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adriana Rozados-Luis
- Translational Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Ramón González-Juanatey
- University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Cardiovascular Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Cardiology Group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Moisés Rodríguez-Mañero
- Translational Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Cardiovascular Department, University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Eiras
- Translational Cardiology group, Health Research Institute, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Scherschel K, Gosau N. EAT: What role does the fat around the heart play? Int J Cardiol 2020; 301:121-122. [PMID: 31668656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Scherschel
- Department of Cardiology - Electrophysiology, University Heart & Vascular Centre, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nils Gosau
- Department of Cardiology, Asklepios Klinik St. Georg, Lohmühlenstr. 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany.
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17
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Zhou M, Wang H, Chen J, Zhao L. Epicardial adipose tissue and atrial fibrillation: Possible mechanisms, potential therapies, and future directions. PACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY: PACE 2019; 43:133-145. [DOI: 10.1111/pace.13825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Jindong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
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18
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Álvarez JV, Bravo SB, García-Vence M, De Castro MJ, Luzardo A, Colón C, Tomatsu S, Otero-Espinar FJ, Couce ML. Proteomic Analysis in Morquio A Cells Treated with Immobilized Enzymatic Replacement Therapy on Nanostructured Lipid Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184610. [PMID: 31540344 PMCID: PMC6769449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Morquio A syndrome, or mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA (MPS IVA), is a lysosomal storage disease due to mutations in the N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfatase (GALNS) gene. Systemic skeletal dysplasia and the related clinical features of MPS IVA are due to disruption of cartilage and its extracellular matrix, leading to an imbalance of growth. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinant human GALNS, alpha elosulfase, provides a systemic treatment. However, this therapy has a limited impact on skeletal dysplasia because the infused enzyme cannot penetrate cartilage and bone. Therefore, an alternative therapeutic approach to reach the cartilage is an unmet challenge. We have developed a new drug delivery system based on a nanostructure lipid carrier with the capacity to immobilize enzymes used for ERT and to target the lysosomes. This study aimed to assess the effect of the encapsulated enzyme in this new delivery system, using in vitro proteomic technology. We found a greater internalization of the enzyme carried by nanoparticles inside the cells and an improvement of cellular protein routes previously impaired by the disease, compared with conventional ERT. This is the first qualitative and quantitative proteomic assay that demonstrates the advantages of a new delivery system to improve the MPS IVA ERT.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Víctor Álvarez
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15872 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Pediatrics, Neonatology Service, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), CIBERER, MetabERN, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Skeletal Dysplasia Lab Nemours Biomedical Research Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
| | - Susana B Bravo
- Proteomic Platform, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostea, Spain.
| | - María García-Vence
- Proteomic Platform, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostea, Spain.
| | - María J De Castro
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Pediatrics, Neonatology Service, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), CIBERER, MetabERN, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Asteria Luzardo
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Sciences, Campus de Lugo, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain.
- Paraquasil Platform, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Cristóbal Colón
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Pediatrics, Neonatology Service, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), CIBERER, MetabERN, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Shunji Tomatsu
- Skeletal Dysplasia Lab Nemours Biomedical Research Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA.
| | - Francisco J Otero-Espinar
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Campus Vida, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15872 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
- Paraquasil Platform, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - María L Couce
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Pathology, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Pediatrics, Neonatology Service, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), CIBERER, MetabERN, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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