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Trujillo J, Khan AS, Adhikari DP, Stoneman MR, Chacko JV, Eliceiri KW, Raicu V. Implementation of FRET Spectrometry Using Temporally Resolved Fluorescence: A Feasibility Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4706. [PMID: 38731924 PMCID: PMC11083457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) spectrometry is a method for determining the quaternary structure of protein oligomers from distributions of FRET efficiencies that are drawn from pixels of fluorescence images of cells expressing the proteins of interest. FRET spectrometry protocols currently rely on obtaining spectrally resolved fluorescence data from intensity-based experiments. Another imaging method, fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), is a widely used alternative to compute FRET efficiencies for each pixel in an image from the reduction of the fluorescence lifetime of the donors caused by FRET. In FLIM studies of oligomers with different proportions of donors and acceptors, the donor lifetimes may be obtained by fitting the temporally resolved fluorescence decay data with a predetermined number of exponential decay curves. However, this requires knowledge of the number and the relative arrangement of the fluorescent proteins in the sample, which is precisely the goal of FRET spectrometry, thus creating a conundrum that has prevented users of FLIM instruments from performing FRET spectrometry. Here, we describe an attempt to implement FRET spectrometry on temporally resolved fluorescence microscopes by using an integration-based method of computing the FRET efficiency from fluorescence decay curves. This method, which we dubbed time-integrated FRET (or tiFRET), was tested on oligomeric fluorescent protein constructs expressed in the cytoplasm of living cells. The present results show that tiFRET is a promising way of implementing FRET spectrometry and suggest potential instrument adjustments for increasing accuracy and resolution in this kind of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Trujillo
- Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA; (J.T.); (A.S.K.); (D.P.A.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Aliyah S. Khan
- Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA; (J.T.); (A.S.K.); (D.P.A.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Dhruba P. Adhikari
- Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA; (J.T.); (A.S.K.); (D.P.A.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Michael R. Stoneman
- Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA; (J.T.); (A.S.K.); (D.P.A.); (M.R.S.)
| | - Jenu V. Chacko
- Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (J.V.C.); (K.W.E.)
| | - Kevin W. Eliceiri
- Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (J.V.C.); (K.W.E.)
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Valerica Raicu
- Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA; (J.T.); (A.S.K.); (D.P.A.); (M.R.S.)
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2
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Wohlschläger M, Versen M, Löder MG, Laforsch C. A promising method for fast identification of microplastic particles in environmental samples: A pilot study using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25133. [PMID: 38322960 PMCID: PMC10844045 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Microplastic pollution of the environment has been extensively studied, with recent studies focusing on the prevalence of microplastics in the environment and their effects on various organisms. Identification methods that simplify the extraction and analysis process to the point where the extraction can be omitted are being investigated, thus enabling the direct identification of microplastic particles. Currently, microplastic samples from environmental matrices can only be identified using time-consuming extraction, sample processing, and analytical methods. Various spectroscopic methods are currently employed, such as micro Fourier-transform infrared, attenuated total reflectance, and micro Raman spectroscopy. However, microplastics in environmental matrices cannot be directly identified using these spectroscopic methods. Investigations using frequency-domain fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FD-FLIM) to identify and differentiate plastics from environmental materials have yielded promising results for directly identifying microplastics in an environmental matrix. Herein, two artificially prepared environmental matrices that included natural soil, grass, wood, and high-density polyethylene were investigated using FD-FLIM. Our first results showed that we successfully identified one plastic type in the two artificially prepared matrices using FD-FLIM. However, further research must be conducted to improve the FD-FLIM method and explore its limitations for directly identifying microplastics in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Wohlschläger
- Faculty of Engineering, Technical University of Applied Sciences Rosenheim, Hochschulstraße 1, 83024 Rosenheim, Germany
| | - Martin Versen
- Faculty of Engineering, Technical University of Applied Sciences Rosenheim, Hochschulstraße 1, 83024 Rosenheim, Germany
| | - Martin G.J. Löder
- Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christian Laforsch
- Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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3
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García MJ, Kamaid A, Malacrida L. Label-free fluorescence microscopy: revisiting the opportunities with autofluorescent molecules and harmonic generations as biosensors and biomarkers for quantitative biology. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:709-719. [PMID: 37681086 PMCID: PMC10480099 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the utilization of advanced fluorescence microscopy technologies has presented numerous opportunities to study or re-investigate autofluorescent molecules and harmonic generation signals as molecular biomarkers and biosensors for in vivo cell and tissue studies. The label-free approaches benefit from the endogenous fluorescent molecules within the cell and take advantage of their spectroscopy properties to address biological questions. Harmonic generation can be used as a tool to identify the occurrence of fibrillar or lipid deposits in tissues, by using second and third-harmonic generation microscopy. Combining autofluorescence with novel techniques and tools such as fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) and hyperspectral imaging (HSI) with model-free analysis of phasor plots has revolutionized the understanding of molecular processes such as cellular metabolism. These tools provide quantitative information that is often hidden under classical intensity-based microscopy. In this short review, we aim to illustrate how some of these technologies and techniques may enable investigation without the need to add a foreign fluorescence molecule that can modify or affect the results. We address some of the most important autofluorescence molecules and their spectroscopic properties to illustrate the potential of these combined tools. We discuss using them as biomarkers and biosensors and, under the lens of this new technology, identify some of the challenges and potentials for future advances in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José García
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Advanced Bioimaging Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo & Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Andrés Kamaid
- Advanced Bioimaging Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo & Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Leonel Malacrida
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Hospital de Clínicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Advanced Bioimaging Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo & Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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4
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Kellerer T, Janusch J, Freymüller C, Rühm A, Sroka R, Hellerer T. Comprehensive Investigation of Parameters Influencing Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy in Frequency- and Time-Domain Illustrated by Phasor Plot Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:15885. [PMID: 36555522 PMCID: PMC9781030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Having access to fluorescence lifetime, researchers can reveal in-depth details about the microenvironment as well as the physico-chemical state of the molecule under investigation. However, the high number of influencing factors might be an explanation for the strongly deviating values of fluorescent lifetimes for the same fluorophore reported in the literature. This could be the reason for the impression that inconsistent results are obtained depending on which detection and excitation scheme is used. To clarify this controversy, the two most common techniques for measuring fluorescence lifetimes in the time-domain and in the frequency-domain were implemented in one single microscopy setup and applied to a variety of fluorophores under different environmental conditions such as pH-value, temperature, solvent polarity, etc., along with distinct state forms that depend, for example, on the concentration. From a vast amount of measurement results, both setup- and sample-dependent parameters were extracted and represented using a single display form, the phasor-plot. The measurements showed consistent results between the two techniques and revealed which of the tested parameters has the strongest influence on the fluorescence lifetime. In addition, quantitative guidance as to which technique is most suitable for which research task and how to perform the experiment properly to obtain consistent fluorescence lifetimes is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kellerer
- Multiphoton Imaging Lab, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80335 Munich, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, Soft Condensed Matter, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Janko Janusch
- Multiphoton Imaging Lab, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80335 Munich, Germany
- Laser-Forschungslabor, LIFE Center, Department of Urology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Freymüller
- Laser-Forschungslabor, LIFE Center, Department of Urology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Rühm
- Laser-Forschungslabor, LIFE Center, Department of Urology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Ronald Sroka
- Laser-Forschungslabor, LIFE Center, Department of Urology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Planegg, Germany
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Hellerer
- Multiphoton Imaging Lab, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80335 Munich, Germany
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Ahmerkamp S, Jalaluddin FM, Cui Y, Brumley DR, Pacherres CO, Berg JS, Stocker R, Kuypers MM, Koren K, Behrendt L. Simultaneous visualization of flow fields and oxygen concentrations to unravel transport and metabolic processes in biological systems. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2022; 2:100216. [PMID: 35637907 PMCID: PMC9142687 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2022.100216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
From individual cells to whole organisms, O2 transport unfolds across micrometer- to millimeter-length scales and can change within milliseconds in response to fluid flows and organismal behavior. The spatiotemporal complexity of these processes makes the accurate assessment of O2 dynamics via currently available methods difficult or unreliable. Here, we present "sensPIV," a method to simultaneously measure O2 concentrations and flow fields. By tracking O2-sensitive microparticles in flow using imaging technologies that allow for instantaneous referencing, we measured O2 transport within (1) microfluidic devices, (2) sinking model aggregates, and (3) complex colony-forming corals. Through the use of sensPIV, we find that corals use ciliary movement to link zones of photosynthetic O2 production to zones of O2 consumption. SensPIV can potentially be extendable to study flow-organism interactions across many life-science and engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soeren Ahmerkamp
- Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Yuan Cui
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Douglas R. Brumley
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Cesar O. Pacherres
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jasmine S. Berg
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roman Stocker
- Institute for Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Klaus Koren
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars Behrendt
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
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6
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Selvaggio G, Weitzel M, Oleksiievets N, Oswald TA, Nißler R, Mey I, Karius V, Enderlein J, Tsukanov R, Kruss S. Photophysical properties and fluorescence lifetime imaging of exfoliated near-infrared fluorescent silicate nanosheets. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:4541-4553. [PMID: 36133471 PMCID: PMC9419235 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00238d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The layered silicates Egyptian Blue (CaCuSi4O10, EB), Han Blue (BaCuSi4O10, HB) and Han Purple (BaCuSi2O6, HP) emit as bulk materials bright and stable fluorescence in the near-infrared (NIR), which is of high interest for (bio)photonics due to minimal scattering, absorption and phototoxicity in this spectral range. So far the optical properties of nanosheets (NS) of these silicates are poorly understood. Here, we exfoliate them into monodisperse nanosheets, report their physicochemical properties and use them for (bio)photonics. The approach uses ball milling followed by tip sonication and centrifugation steps to exfoliate the silicates into NS with lateral size and thickness down to ≈ 16-27 nm and 1-4 nm, respectively. They emit at ≈ 927 nm (EB-NS), 953 nm (HB-NS) and 924 nm (HP-NS), and single NS can be imaged in the NIR. The fluorescence lifetimes decrease from ≈ 30-100 μs (bulk) to 17 μs (EB-NS), 8 μs (HB-NS) and 7 μs (HP-NS), thus enabling lifetime-encoded multicolor imaging both on the microscopic and the macroscopic scale. Finally, remote imaging through tissue phantoms reveals the potential for bioimaging. In summary, we report a procedure to gain monodisperse NIR fluorescent silicate nanosheets, determine their size-dependent photophysical properties and showcase the potential for NIR photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Selvaggio
- Physical Chemistry II, Bochum University Bochum 44801 Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen Göttingen 37077 Germany
| | - Milan Weitzel
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen Göttingen 37077 Germany
| | - Nazar Oleksiievets
- Third Institute of Physics, University of Göttingen Göttingen 37077 Germany
| | - Tabea A Oswald
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen Göttingen 37077 Germany
| | - Robert Nißler
- Physical Chemistry II, Bochum University Bochum 44801 Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen Göttingen 37077 Germany
| | - Ingo Mey
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen Göttingen 37077 Germany
| | - Volker Karius
- Department of Sedimentology and Environmental Geology, Geoscience Center, University of Göttingen Göttingen 37077 Germany
| | - Jörg Enderlein
- Third Institute of Physics, University of Göttingen Göttingen 37077 Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen Germany
| | - Roman Tsukanov
- Third Institute of Physics, University of Göttingen Göttingen 37077 Germany
| | - Sebastian Kruss
- Physical Chemistry II, Bochum University Bochum 44801 Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Göttingen Göttingen 37077 Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems Duisburg 47057 Germany
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7
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Connolly PWR, Valli J, Shah YD, Altmann Y, Grant J, Accarino C, Rickman C, Cumming DRS, Buller GS. Simultaneous multi-spectral, single-photon fluorescence imaging using a plasmonic colour filter array. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202000505. [PMID: 33829644 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present the first realisation of simultaneous multi-spectral fluorescence imaging using a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array, where the spectral unmixing is facilitated by a plasmonic metasurface mosaic colour filter array (CFA). A 64 × 64 pixel format silicon SPAD array is used to record widefield fluorescence and brightfield data from four biological samples. A plasmonic metasurface composed of an arrangement of circular and elliptical nanoholes etched into an aluminium thin film deposited on a glass substrate provides the high transmission efficiency CFA, enabling a bespoke spectral unmixing algorithm to reconstruct high fidelity, full colour images from as few as ∼3 photons per pixel. This approach points the way toward real-time, single-photon sensitive multi-spectral fluorescence imaging. Furthermore, this is possible without additional bulky components such as a filter wheel, prism or diffraction grating, nor the need for multiple sample exposures or multiple detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W R Connolly
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jessica Valli
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yash D Shah
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Yoann Altmann
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James Grant
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Claudio Accarino
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Colin Rickman
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David R S Cumming
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gerald S Buller
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
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8
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Mizuno T, Hase E, Minamikawa T, Tokizane Y, Oe R, Koresawa H, Yamamoto H, Yasui T. Full-field fluorescence lifetime dual-comb microscopy using spectral mapping and frequency multiplexing of dual-comb optical beats. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabd2102. [PMID: 33523842 PMCID: PMC7775765 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a powerful tool for quantitative fluorescence imaging because fluorescence lifetime is independent of concentration of fluorescent molecules or excitation/detection efficiency and is robust to photobleaching. However, since most FLIMs are based on point-to-point measurements, mechanical scanning of a focal spot is needed for forming an image, which hampers rapid imaging. Here, we demonstrate scan-less full-field FLIM based on a one-to-one correspondence between two-dimensional (2D) image pixels and frequency-multiplexed radio frequency (RF) signals. A vast number of dual-comb optical beats between dual optical frequency combs are effectively adopted for 2D spectral mapping and high-density frequency multiplexing in the RF region. Bimodal images of fluorescence amplitude and lifetime are obtained with high quantitativeness from amplitude and phase spectra of fluorescence RF comb modes without the need for mechanical scanning. The parallelized FLIM will be useful for rapid quantitative fluorescence imaging in life science.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mizuno
- Institute of Post-LED Photonics (pLED), Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
- JST-ERATO MINOSHIMA Intelligent Optical Synthesizer Project, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - E Hase
- Institute of Post-LED Photonics (pLED), Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
- JST-ERATO MINOSHIMA Intelligent Optical Synthesizer Project, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - T Minamikawa
- Institute of Post-LED Photonics (pLED), Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
- JST-ERATO MINOSHIMA Intelligent Optical Synthesizer Project, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Y Tokizane
- Institute of Post-LED Photonics (pLED), Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - R Oe
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - H Koresawa
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - H Yamamoto
- JST-ERATO MINOSHIMA Intelligent Optical Synthesizer Project, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
- Center for Optical Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8585, Japan
| | - T Yasui
- Institute of Post-LED Photonics (pLED), Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
- JST-ERATO MINOSHIMA Intelligent Optical Synthesizer Project, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
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Deng Q, Zhu Z, Shu X. Auto-Phase-Locked Time-Resolved Luminescence Detection: Principles, Applications, and Prospects. Front Chem 2020; 8:562. [PMID: 32695750 PMCID: PMC7339960 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-resolved luminescence measurement is a useful technique which can eliminate the background signals from scattering and short-lived autofluorescence. However, the relative instruments always require pulsed excitation sources and high-speed detectors. Moreover, the excitation and detecting shutter should be precisely synchronized by electronic phase matching circuitry, leading to expensiveness and high-complexity. To make time-resolved luminescence instruments simple and cheap, the automatic synchronization method was developed by using a mechanical chopper acted as both of the pulse generator and detection shutter. Therefore, the excitation and detection can be synchronized and locked automatically as the optical paths fixed. In this paper, we first introduced the time-resolved luminescence measurements and review the progress and current state of this field. Then, we discussed low-cost time-resolved techniques, especially chopper-based time-resolved luminescence detections. After that, we focused on auto-phase-locked method and some of its meaningful applications, such as time-gated luminescence imaging, spectrometer, and luminescence lifetime detection. Finally, we concluded with a brief outlook for auto-phase-locked time-resolved luminescence detection systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zece Zhu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics & School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuewen Shu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics & School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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10
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Datta R, Heaster TM, Sharick JT, Gillette AA, Skala MC. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy: fundamentals and advances in instrumentation, analysis, and applications. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:1-43. [PMID: 32406215 PMCID: PMC7219965 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.7.071203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a powerful technique to distinguish the unique molecular environment of fluorophores. FLIM measures the time a fluorophore remains in an excited state before emitting a photon, and detects molecular variations of fluorophores that are not apparent with spectral techniques alone. FLIM is sensitive to multiple biomedical processes including disease progression and drug efficacy. AIM We provide an overview of FLIM principles, instrumentation, and analysis while highlighting the latest developments and biological applications. APPROACH This review covers FLIM principles and theory, including advantages over intensity-based fluorescence measurements. Fundamentals of FLIM instrumentation in time- and frequency-domains are summarized, along with recent developments. Image segmentation and analysis strategies that quantify spatial and molecular features of cellular heterogeneity are reviewed. Finally, representative applications are provided including high-resolution FLIM of cell- and organelle-level molecular changes, use of exogenous and endogenous fluorophores, and imaging protein-protein interactions with Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). Advantages and limitations of FLIM are also discussed. CONCLUSIONS FLIM is advantageous for probing molecular environments of fluorophores to inform on fluorophore behavior that cannot be elucidated with intensity measurements alone. Development of FLIM technologies, analysis, and applications will further advance biological research and clinical assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupsa Datta
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Tiffany M. Heaster
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Joe T. Sharick
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Amani A. Gillette
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Melissa C. Skala
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
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11
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Murru F, Romero FJ, Sánchez-Mudarra R, García Ruiz FJ, Morales DP, Capitán-Vallvey LF, Salinas-Castillo A. Portable Instrument for Hemoglobin Determination Using Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Carbon Dots. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10050825. [PMID: 32357422 PMCID: PMC7711904 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A portable reconfigurable platform for hemoglobin determination based on inner filter quenching of room-temperature phosphorescent carbon dots (CDs) in the presence of H2O2 is described. The electronic setup consists of a light-emitting diode (LED) as the carbon dot optical exciter and a photodiode as a light-to-current converter integrated in the same instrument. The reconfigurable feature provides adaptability to use the platform as an analytical probe for CDs coming from different batches with some variations in luminescence characteristics. The variables of the reaction were optimized, such as pH, concentration of reagents, and response time; as well as the variables of the portable device, such as LED voltage, photodiode sensitivity, and adjustment of the measuring range by a reconfigurable electronic system. The portable device allowed the determination of hemoglobin with good sensitivity, with a detection limit of 6.2 nM and range up to 125 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Murru
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Romero
- Department of Electronics and Computer Technology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Roberto Sánchez-Mudarra
- Department of Electronics and Computer Technology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J. García Ruiz
- Department of Electronics and Computer Technology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego P. Morales
- Department of Electronics and Computer Technology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- ECsens Group, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Unit of Excellence in Chemistry Applied to Biomedicine and the Environment, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Fermín Capitán-Vallvey
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- ECsens Group, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Unit of Excellence in Chemistry Applied to Biomedicine and the Environment, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Alfonso Salinas-Castillo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- ECsens Group, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Unit of Excellence in Chemistry Applied to Biomedicine and the Environment, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958-248-436
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12
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Oleksiievets N, Thiele JC, Weber A, Gregor I, Nevskyi O, Isbaner S, Tsukanov R, Enderlein J. Wide-Field Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of Single Molecules. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:3494-3500. [PMID: 32255633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c01513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) has become an important microscopy technique in bioimaging. The two most important of its applications are lifetime-multiplexing for imaging many different structures in parallel, and lifetime-based measurements of Förster resonance energy transfer. There are two principal FLIM techniques, one based on confocal-laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) and the other based on wide-field microscopy and phase fluorometry. Although the first approach (CLSM-TCSPC) assures high sensitivity and allows one to detect single molecules, it is slow and has a small photon yield. The second allows, in principal, high frame rates (by 2-3 orders of magnitude faster than CLSM), but it suffers from low sensitivity, which precludes its application for single-molecule imaging. Here, we demonstrate that a novel wide-field TCSPC camera (LINCam25, Photonscore GmbH) can be successfully used for single-molecule FLIM, although its quantum yield of detection in the red spectral region is only ∼5%. This is due to the virtually absent background and readout noise of the camera, assuring high signal-to-noise ratio even at low detection efficiency. We performed single-molecule FLIM of different red fluorophores, and we use the lifetime information for successfully distinguishing between different molecular species. Finally, we demonstrate single-molecule metal-induced energy transfer (MIET) imaging which is a first step for three-dimensional single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) with nanometer resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazar Oleksiievets
- III. Institute of Physics-Biophysics, Georg August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jan Christoph Thiele
- III. Institute of Physics-Biophysics, Georg August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - André Weber
- Special Laboratory for Electron and Laser Scanning Microscopy, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Gregor
- III. Institute of Physics-Biophysics, Georg August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oleksii Nevskyi
- III. Institute of Physics-Biophysics, Georg August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Isbaner
- III. Institute of Physics-Biophysics, Georg August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Roman Tsukanov
- III. Institute of Physics-Biophysics, Georg August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Enderlein
- III. Institute of Physics-Biophysics, Georg August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), Georg August University, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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13
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Reichert D, Erkkilä MT, Holst G, Hecker-Denschlag N, Wilzbach M, Hauger C, Drexler W, Gesperger J, Kiesel B, Roetzer T, Unterhuber A, Widhalm G, Leitgeb RA, Andreana M. Towards real-time wide-field fluorescence lifetime imaging of 5-ALA labeled brain tumors with multi-tap CMOS cameras. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:1598-1616. [PMID: 32206431 PMCID: PMC7075617 DOI: 10.1364/boe.382817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence guided neurosurgery based on 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) has significantly increased maximal safe resections. Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) of 5-ALA could further boost this development by its increased sensitivity. However, neurosurgeons require real-time visual feedback which was so far limited in dual-tap CMOS camera based FLIM. By optimizing the number of phase frames required for reconstruction, we here demonstrate real-time 5-ALA FLIM of human high- and low-grade glioma with up to 12 Hz imaging rate over a wide field of view (11.0 x 11.0 mm). Compared to conventional fluorescence imaging, real-time FLIM offers enhanced contrast of weakly fluorescent tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Reichert
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Christian Doppler Laboratory OPTRAMED, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Mikael T. Erkkilä
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Gerhard Holst
- PCO AG, Science and Research, 93309 Kelheim, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Wolfgang Drexler
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johanna Gesperger
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Neurology, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Kiesel
- General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna, Department of Neurosurgery, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Roetzer
- General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Neurology, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Angelika Unterhuber
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Widhalm
- General Hospital and Medical University of Vienna, Department of Neurosurgery, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer A. Leitgeb
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Christian Doppler Laboratory OPTRAMED, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marco Andreana
- Medical University of Vienna, Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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14
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Poudel C, Mela I, Kaminski CF. High-throughput, multi-parametric, and correlative fluorescence lifetime imaging. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2020; 8:024005. [PMID: 32028271 PMCID: PMC8208541 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ab7364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we discuss methods and advancements in fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy that permit measurements to be performed at faster speed and higher resolution than previously possible. We review fast single-photon timing technologies and the use of parallelized detection schemes to enable high-throughput and high content imaging applications. We appraise different technological implementations of fluorescence lifetime imaging, primarily in the time-domain. We also review combinations of fluorescence lifetime with other imaging modalities to capture multi-dimensional and correlative information from a single sample. Throughout the review, we focus on applications in biomedical research. We conclude with a critical outlook on current challenges and future opportunities in this rapidly developing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Poudel
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology,
Philippa Fawcett Drive, University of
Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United
Kingdom
| | - Ioanna Mela
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology,
Philippa Fawcett Drive, University of
Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United
Kingdom
| | - Clemens F Kaminski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology,
Philippa Fawcett Drive, University of
Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, United
Kingdom
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15
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Okkelman IA, Puschhof J, Papkovsky DB, Dmitriev RI. Visualization of Stem Cell Niche by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2171:65-97. [PMID: 32705636 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0747-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), enabling live quantitative multiparametric analyses, is an emerging bioimaging approach in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. When combined with stem cell-derived intestinal organoid models, FLIM allows for tracing stem cells and monitoring of their proliferation, metabolic fluxes, and oxygenation. It is compatible with the use of live Matrigel-grown intestinal organoids produced from primary adult stem cells, crypts, and transgenic Lgr5-GFP mice. In this chapter we summarize available experimental protocols, imaging platforms (one- and two-photon excited FLIM, phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (PLIM)) and provide the anticipated data for FLIM imaging of the live intestinal organoids, focusing on labeling of cell proliferation, its colocalization with the stem cell niche, measured local oxygenation, autofluorescence, and some other parameters. The protocol is illustrated with examples of multiparameter imaging, employing spectral and "time domain"-based separation of dyes, probes, and assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Okkelman
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jens Puschhof
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dmitri B Papkovsky
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ruslan I Dmitriev
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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16
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Schneckenburger H. Förster resonance energy transfer-what can we learn and how can we use it? Methods Appl Fluoresc 2019; 8:013001. [PMID: 31715588 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ab56e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present manuscript gives a short overview on Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) of molecular interactions in the nanometre range. First, its principle is described and a short historical overview is given. Subsequently some principal methods and applications of FRET sensing and imaging are described (with some emphasis on fluorescence lifetime imaging, FLIM), and finally two innovative FRET techniques are presented in more detail. Applications are focused on measurements of living cells.
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17
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Bowman AJ, Klopfer BB, Juffmann T, Kasevich MA. Electro-optic imaging enables efficient wide-field fluorescence lifetime microscopy. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4561. [PMID: 31594938 PMCID: PMC6783475 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12535-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanosecond temporal resolution enables new methods for wide-field imaging like time-of-flight, gated detection, and fluorescence lifetime. The optical efficiency of existing approaches, however, presents challenges for low-light applications common to fluorescence microscopy and single-molecule imaging. We demonstrate the use of Pockels cells for wide-field image gating with nanosecond temporal resolution and high photon collection efficiency. Two temporal frames are obtained by combining a Pockels cell with a pair of polarizing beam-splitters. We show multi-label fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), single-molecule lifetime spectroscopy, and fast single-frame FLIM at the camera frame rate with 103-105 times higher throughput than single photon counting. Finally, we demonstrate a space-to-time image multiplexer using a re-imaging optical cavity with a tilted mirror to extend the Pockels cell technique to multiple temporal frames. These methods enable nanosecond imaging with standard optical systems and sensors, opening a new temporal dimension for wide-field low-light microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Bowman
- Physics Department, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Brannon B Klopfer
- Physics Department, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Thomas Juffmann
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, A-1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mark A Kasevich
- Physics Department, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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18
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Trinh AL, Ber S, Howitt A, Valls PO, Fries MW, Venkitaraman AR, Esposito A. Fast single-cell biochemistry: theory, open source microscopy and applications. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2019; 7:044001. [PMID: 31422954 PMCID: PMC7000240 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ab3bd2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime sensing enables researchers to probe the physicochemical environment of a fluorophore providing a window through which we can observe the complex molecular make-up of the cell. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) quantifies and maps cell biochemistry, a complex ensemble of dynamic processes. Unfortunately, typical high-resolution FLIM systems exhibit rather limited acquisition speeds, often insufficient to capture the time evolution of biochemical processes in living cells. Here, we describe the theoretical background that justifies the developments of high-speed single photon counting systems. We show that systems with low dead-times not only result in faster acquisition throughputs but also improved dynamic range and spatial resolution. We also share the implementation of hardware and software as an open platform, show applications of fast FLIM biochemical imaging on living cells and discuss strategies to balance precision and accuracy in FLIM. The recent innovations and commercialisation of fast time-domain FLIM systems are likely to popularise FLIM within the biomedical community, to impact biomedical research positively and to foster the adoption of other FLIM techniques as well. While supporting and indeed pursuing these developments, with this work we also aim to warn the community about the possible shortcomings of fast single photon counting techniques and to highlight strategies to acquire data of high quality.
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19
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Erkkilä MT, Bauer B, Hecker‐Denschlag N, Madera Medina MJ, Leitgeb RA, Unterhuber A, Gesperger J, Roetzer T, Hauger C, Drexler W, Widhalm G, Andreana M. Widefield fluorescence lifetime imaging of protoporphyrin IX for fluorescence-guided neurosurgery: An ex vivo feasibility study. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800378. [PMID: 30636030 PMCID: PMC7065606 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Achieving a maximal safe extent of resection during brain tumor surgery is the goal for improved patient prognosis. Fluorescence-guided neurosurgery using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) induced protoporphyrin IX has thereby become a valuable tool enabling a high frequency of complete resections and a prolonged progression-free survival in glioblastoma patients. We present a widefield fluorescence lifetime imaging device with 250 mm working distance, working under similar conditions such as surgical microscopes based on a time-of-flight dual tap CMOS camera. In contrast to intensity-based fluorescence imaging, our method is invariant to light scattering and absorption while being sensitive to the molecular composition of the tissue. We evaluate the feasibility of lifetime imaging of protoporphyrin IX using our system to analyze brain tumor phantoms and fresh 5-ALA-labeled human tissue samples. The results demonstrate the potential of our lifetime sensing device to go beyond the limitation of current intensity-based fluorescence-guided neurosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikael T. Erkkilä
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Advanced Development Microsurgery, Carl Zeiss Meditec AGOberkochenGermany
| | - Bianca Bauer
- Advanced Development Microsurgery, Carl Zeiss Meditec AGOberkochenGermany
| | | | | | - Rainer A. Leitgeb
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Optical Imaging and Its Translation to MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Angelika Unterhuber
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Johanna Gesperger
- Institute of NeurologyGeneral Hospital and Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Roetzer
- Institute of NeurologyGeneral Hospital and Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Christoph Hauger
- Advanced Development Microsurgery, Carl Zeiss Meditec AGOberkochenGermany
| | - Wolfgang Drexler
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Georg Widhalm
- Department of NeurosurgeryGeneral Hospital and Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Marco Andreana
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical EngineeringMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
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20
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Chen H, Ma N, Kagawa K, Kawahito S, Digman M, Gratton E. Widefield multifrequency fluorescence lifetime imaging using a two-tap complementary metal-oxide semiconductor camera with lateral electric field charge modulators. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800223. [PMID: 30421535 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Widefield frequency-domain fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FD-FLIM) measures the fluorescence lifetime of entire images in a fast and efficient manner. We report a widefield FD-FLIM system based on a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor camera equipped with two-tap true correlated double sampling lock-in pixels and lateral electric field charge modulators. Owing to the fast intrinsic response and modulation of the camera, our system allows parallel multifrequency FLIM in one measurement via fast Fourier transform. We demonstrate that at a fundamental frequency of 20 MHz, 31-harmonics can be measured with 64 phase images per laser repetition period. As a proof of principle, we analyzed cells transfected with Cerulean and with a construct of Cerulean-Venus that shows Förster Resonance Energy Transfer at different modulation frequencies. We also tracked the temperature change of living cells via the fluorescence lifetime of Rhodamine B at different frequencies. These results indicate that our widefield multifrequency FD-FLIM system is a valuable tool in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Chen
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Ning Ma
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Keiichiro Kagawa
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shoji Kawahito
- Research Institute of Electronics, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Michelle Digman
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Enrico Gratton
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
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21
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Koren K, Moßhammer M, Scholz VV, Borisov SM, Holst G, Kühl M. Luminescence Lifetime Imaging of Chemical Sensors-A Comparison between Time-Domain and Frequency-Domain Based Camera Systems. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3233-3238. [PMID: 30758940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Luminescence lifetime based imaging is still the most reliable method for generating chemical images using chemical sensor technology. However, only few commercial systems are available that enable imaging lifetimes within the relevant nanosecond to microsecond range. In this technical note we compare the performance of an older time-domain (TD) based camera system with a frequency-domain (FD) based camera system regarding their measuring characteristics and applicability for O2 and pH imaging in environmental samples and with different indicator dye systems emitting in the visible and near-infrared part of the spectrum. We conclude that the newly introduced FD imaging system delivers comparable if not better results than its predecessor, now enabling robust and simple chemical imaging based on FD luminescence lifetime measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Koren
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Section for Microbiology, Department of Bioscience , Aarhus University , Ny Munkegade , DK-8000 Aarhus C , Denmark
| | - Maria Moßhammer
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology , University of Copenhagen , Strandpromenaden 5 , DK-3000 Helsingør , Denmark
| | - Vincent V Scholz
- Center for Electromicrobiology , Aarhus University , DK-8000 Aarhus , Denmark
| | - Sergey M Borisov
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry , Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgasse 9 , AT-8010 Graz , Austria
| | | | - Michael Kühl
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology , University of Copenhagen , Strandpromenaden 5 , DK-3000 Helsingør , Denmark.,Climate Change Cluster , University of Technology Sydney , Ultimo , NSW 2007 , Australia
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22
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Moßhammer M, Brodersen KE, Kühl M, Koren K. Nanoparticle- and microparticle-based luminescence imaging of chemical species and temperature in aquatic systems: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:126. [PMID: 30680465 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-3202-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Most aquatic systems rely on a multitude of biogeochemical processes that are coupled with each other in a complex and dynamic manner. To understand such processes, minimally invasive analytical tools are required that allow continuous, real-time measurements of individual reactions in these complex systems. Optical chemical sensors can be used in the form of fiber-optic sensors, planar sensors, or as micro- and nanoparticles (MPs and NPs). All have their specific merits, but only the latter allow for visualization and quantification of chemical gradients over 3D structures. This review (with 147 references) summarizes recent developments mainly in the field of optical NP sensors relevant for chemical imaging in aquatic science. The review encompasses methods for signal read-out and imaging, preparation of NPs and MPs, and an overview of relevant MP/NP-based sensors. Additionally, examples of MP/NP-based sensors in aquatic systems such as corals, plant tissue, biofilms, sediments and water-sediment interfaces, marine snow and in 3D bioprinting are given. We also address current challenges and future perspectives of NP-based sensing in aquatic systems in a concluding section. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Moßhammer
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 3000, Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Kasper Elgetti Brodersen
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 3000, Helsingør, Denmark
| | - Michael Kühl
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 3000, Helsingør, Denmark.
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Klaus Koren
- Aarhus University Center for Water Technology, Department of Bioscience - Microbiology, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
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23
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Wu HM, Lee TA, Ko PL, Liao WH, Hsieh TH, Tung YC. Widefield frequency domain fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FD-FLIM) for accurate measurement of oxygen gradients within microfluidic devices. Analyst 2019; 144:3494-3504. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an00143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A widefield FD-FLIM system with fast acquisition speed is utilized to accurately characterize oxygen gradient distributions within microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Mei Wu
- Research Center for Applied Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 11529
- Taiwan
| | - Tse-Ang Lee
- Research Center for Applied Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 11529
- Taiwan
| | - Ping-Liang Ko
- Research Center for Applied Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 11529
- Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hao Liao
- Research Center for Applied Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 11529
- Taiwan
| | - Tung-Han Hsieh
- Research Center for Applied Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 11529
- Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chung Tung
- Research Center for Applied Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 11529
- Taiwan
- College of Engineering
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24
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Dalfen I, Dmitriev RI, Holst G, Klimant I, Borisov SM. Background-Free Fluorescence-Decay-Time Sensing and Imaging of pH with Highly Photostable Diazaoxotriangulenium Dyes. Anal Chem 2018; 91:808-816. [PMID: 30518209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Novel fluorescent diazaoxatriangulenium (DAOTA) pH indicators for lifetime-based self-referenced pH sensing are reported. The DAOTA dyes were decorated with phenolic-receptor groups inducing fluorescence quenching via a photoinduced-electron-transfer mechanism. Electron-withdrawing chlorine substituents ensure response in the most relevant pH range (apparent p Ka' values of ∼5 and 7.5 for the p, p-dichlorophenol- and p-chlorophenol-substituted dyes, respectively). The dyes feature long fluorescence lifetimes (17-20 ns), high quantum yields (∼60%), and high photostabilities. Planar optodes are prepared upon immobilization of the dyes into polyurethane hydrogel D4. Apart from the response in the fluorescence intensity, the optodes show pH-dependent lifetime behavior, which makes them suitable for studying 2D pH distributions with the help of fluorescence-lifetime-imaging techniques. The lifetime response is particularly pronounced for the sensors with high dye concentrations (0.5-1 wt % with respect to the polymer) and is attributed to the efficient homo-FRET mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Dalfen
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry , Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgasse 9 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Ruslan I Dmitriev
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology , University College Cork , T12 K8AF Cork , Ireland.,Institute for Regenerative Medicine , I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State University , 119146 Moscow , Russian Federation
| | | | - Ingo Klimant
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry , Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgasse 9 , 8010 Graz , Austria
| | - Sergey M Borisov
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry , Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgasse 9 , 8010 Graz , Austria
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25
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Mitchell CA, Poland SP, Seyforth J, Nedbal J, Gelot T, Huq T, Holst G, Knight RD, Ameer-Beg SM. Functional in vivo imaging using fluorescence lifetime light-sheet microscopy. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:1269-1272. [PMID: 28362747 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.001269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Light-sheet microscopy has become an indispensable tool for fast, low phototoxicity volumetric imaging of biological samples, predominantly providing structural or analyte concentration data in its standard format. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) provides functional contrast, but often at limited acquisition speeds and with complex implementation. Therefore, we incorporate a dedicated frequency domain CMOS FLIM camera and intensity-modulated laser into a light-sheet setup to add fluorescence lifetime imaging functionality, allowing the rapid acquisition of volumetric data with concentration independent contrast. We then apply the system to image live transgenic zebrafish, demonstrating the capacity to rapidly collect volumetric FLIM data from an in vivo sample.
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Sparks H, Görlitz F, Kelly DJ, Warren SC, Kellett PA, Garcia E, Dymoke-Bradshaw AKL, Hares JD, Neil MAA, Dunsby C, French PMW. Characterisation of new gated optical image intensifiers for fluorescence lifetime imaging. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:013707. [PMID: 28147687 DOI: 10.1063/1.4973917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report the characterisation of gated optical image intensifiers for fluorescence lifetime imaging, evaluating the performance of several different prototypes that culminate in a new design that provides improved spatial resolution conferred by the addition of a magnetic field to reduce the lateral spread of photoelectrons on their path between the photocathode and microchannel plate, and higher signal to noise ratio conferred by longer time gates. We also present a methodology to compare these systems and their capabilities, including the quantitative readouts of Förster resonant energy transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sparks
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - F Görlitz
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - D J Kelly
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - S C Warren
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - P A Kellett
- Kentech Instruments Ltd., Howbery Park, Wallingford OX10 8BD, United Kingdom
| | - E Garcia
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | | | - J D Hares
- Kentech Instruments Ltd., Howbery Park, Wallingford OX10 8BD, United Kingdom
| | - M A A Neil
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - C Dunsby
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - P M W French
- Photonics Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
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Characterization of SPAD Array for Multifocal High-Content Screening Applications. PHOTONICS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics3040056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Becker W, Hirvonen LM, Milnes J, Conneely T, Jagutzki O, Netz H, Smietana S, Suhling K. A wide-field TCSPC FLIM system based on an MCP PMT with a delay-line anode. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:093710. [PMID: 27782585 DOI: 10.1063/1.4962864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on the implementation of a wide-field time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) method for fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM). It is based on a 40 mm diameter crossed delay line anode detector, where the readout is performed by three standard TCSPC boards. Excitation is performed by a picosecond diode laser with 50 MHz repetition rate. The photon arrival timing is obtained directly from the microchannel plates, with an instrumental response of ∼190 to 230 ps full width at half maximum depending on the position on the photocathode. The position of the photon event is obtained from the pulse propagation time along the two delay lines, one in x and one in y. One end of a delay line is fed into the "start" input of the corresponding TCSPC board, and the other end is delayed by 40 ns and fed into the "stop" input. The time between start and stop is directly converted into position, with a resolution of 200-250 μm. The data acquisition software builds up the distribution of the photons over their spatial coordinates, x and y, and their times after the excitation pulses, typically into 512 × 512 pixels and 1024 time channels per pixel. We apply the system to fluorescence lifetime imaging of cells labelled with Alexa 488 phalloidin in an epi-fluorescence microscope and discuss the application of our approach to other fluorescence microscopy methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Becker
- Becker & Hickl GmbH, Nahmitzer Damm 30, 12277 Berlin, Germany
| | - Liisa M Hirvonen
- Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - James Milnes
- Photek Ltd., 26 Castleham Rd., Saint Leonards-on-Sea TN38 9NS, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Conneely
- Photek Ltd., 26 Castleham Rd., Saint Leonards-on-Sea TN38 9NS, United Kingdom
| | - Ottmar Jagutzki
- Institut für Kernphysik, Max-von-Laue-Str. 1, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Holger Netz
- Becker & Hickl GmbH, Nahmitzer Damm 30, 12277 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Smietana
- Becker & Hickl GmbH, Nahmitzer Damm 30, 12277 Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Suhling
- Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
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