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Wang J, Chen X, Zhang L, Zheng Y, Qian J, Sun N, Ding X, Cui B. Chick early amniotic fluid component improves heart function and protects against inflammation after myocardial infarction in mice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1042852. [DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1042852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is the major cause of mortality around the world. We recently demonstrated that chick early amniotic fluid (ceAF) can effectively rescue ischemic heart injury, indicating that it has a therapeutic function in MI. However, its functional components and the underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. Here, we demonstrated that a fraction of ceAF, peak 8 (P8), had a protective effect on acute MI. P8 significantly decreased cardiomyocyte cross-sectional areas and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in MI mice. Using a human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte model, which was subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation, mimicking MI state, we found that P8 treatment reduced apoptosis and reversed myocardial contractility. Mechanistically, P8 improved cardiac function by inhibiting NF-κB signaling and downregulating inflammatory cytokine expression. Using mass spectrometry, we identified that guanosine and deoxynucleoside were the main functional components of P8 that suppressed the inflammatory response in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Collectively, our data suggest that specific components from ceAF are promising therapeutic agents for ischemic heart injury and could be a potential supplement to current medications for MI.
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Cardiomyocytes from CCND2-overexpressing human induced-pluripotent stem cells repopulate the myocardial scar in mice: A 6-month study. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 137:25-33. [PMID: 31629738 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiomyocytes that have been differentiated from CCND2-overexpressing human induced-pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CCND2OE CMs) can proliferate when transplanted into mouse hearts after myocardial infarction (MI). However, it is unknown whether remuscularization can replace the thin LV scar and if the large muscle graft can electrophysiologically synchronize to the recipient myocardium. Our objectives are to evaluate the structural and functional potential of hiPSC-CCND2OE CMs in replacing the LV thin scar. METHODS NOD/SCID mice were treated with hiPSC-CCND2OE CMs (i.e., the CCND2OE group), hiPSC-CCND2WT CMs (the CCND2WT group), or an equal volume of PBS immediately after experimentally-induced myocardial infarction. The treatments were administered to one site in the infarcted zone (IZ), two sites in the border zone (BZ), and a fourth group of animals underwent Sham surgery. RESULTS Six months later, engrafted cells occupied >50% of the scarred region in CCND2OE animals, and exceeded the number of engrafted cells in CCND2WT animals by ~8-fold. Engrafted cells were also more common in the IZ than in the BZ for both cell-treatment groups. Measurements of cardiac function, infarct size, wall thickness, and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy were significantly improved in CCND2OE animals compared to animals from the CCND2WT or PBS-treatment groups. Measurements in the CCND2WT and PBS groups were similar, and markers for cell cycle activation and proliferation were significantly higher in hiPSC-CCND2OE CMs than in hiPSC-CCND2WT CMs. Optical mapping of action potential propagation indicated that the engrafted hiPSC-CCND2OE CMs were electrically coupled to each other and to the cells of the native myocardium. No evidence of tumor formation was observed in any animals. CONCLUSIONS Six months after the transplantation, CCND2-overexpressing hiPSC-CMs proliferated and replaced >50% of the myocardial scar tissue. The large graft hiPSC-CCND2OE CMs also electrically integrated with the host myocardium, which was accompanied by a significant improvement in LV function.
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Li HX, Lin J, Jiang B, Yang XJ. Wnt11 preserves mitochondrial membrane potential and protects cardiomyocytes against hypoxia through paracrine signaling. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1144-1155. [PMID: 31463993 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of Wnt11 on mitochondrial membrane integrity in cardiomyocytes (CMs) and the underlying mechanism of Wnt11-mediated CM protection against hypoxic injury. A rat mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) line that overexpresses Wnt11 (MSCWnt11 ) and a control cell line transduced with empty vector (MSCNull ) were established to determine the cardioprotective role of Wnt11 in response to hypoxia. Mitochondrial membrane integrity in MSCWnt11 cells was assessed using fluorescence assays. The role of paracrine signaling mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF), and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in protecting CMs against hypoxia were investigated using cocultures of primary CMs from neonatal rats with conditioned medium (CdM) from MSCWnt11 . MSCWnt11 cells exposed to hypoxia reduced lactate dehydrogenase release from CMs and increased CM survival under hypoxia. In addition, CMs cocultured with CdM that were exposed to hypoxia showed reduced CM apoptosis and necrosis. There was significantly higher VEGF and IGF-1 release in the MSCWnt11 group compared with the MSCNull group, and the addition of anti-VEGF and anti-IGF-1 antibodies inhibited secretion. Moreover, mitochondrial membrane integrity was maintained in the MSCWnt11 cell line. In conclusion, overexpression of Wnt11 in MSCs promotes IGF-1 and VEGF release, thereby protecting CMs against hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xia Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia Lin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang-Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Cai H, Wu FY, Wang QL, Xu P, Mou FF, Shao SJ, Luo ZR, Zhu J, Xuan SS, Lu R, Guo HD. Self‐assembling peptide modified with QHREDGS as a novel delivery system for mesenchymal stem cell transplantation after myocardial infarction. FASEB J 2019; 33:8306-8320. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801768rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Cai
- Department of AnatomySchool of Basic MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Feng-Ying Wu
- Department of OncologyShanghai Pulmonary HospitalTongji University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Qiang-Li Wang
- School of Basic MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Peng Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College Jining China
| | - Fang-Fang Mou
- Department of AnatomySchool of Basic MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Shui-Jin Shao
- Department of AnatomySchool of Basic MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Zhi-Rong Luo
- Department of AnatomySchool of Basic MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of AnatomySchool of Basic MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Shou-Song Xuan
- Department of AnatomySchool of Basic MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Rong Lu
- School of Basic MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Hai-Dong Guo
- Department of AnatomySchool of Basic MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai China
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Johnson T, Zhao L, Manuel G, Taylor H, Liu D. Approaches to therapeutic angiogenesis for ischemic heart disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2018; 97:141-151. [PMID: 30554258 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-1729-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is caused by the narrowing of arteries that work to provide blood, nutrients, and oxygen to the myocardial tissue. The worldwide epidemic of IHD urgently requires innovative treatments despite the significant advances in medical, interventional, and surgical therapies for this disease. Angiogenesis is a physiological and pathophysiological process that initiates vascular growth from pre-existing blood vessels in response to a lack of oxygen. This process occurs naturally over time and has encouraged researchers and clinicians to investigate the outcomes of accelerating or enhancing this angiogenic response as an alternative IHD therapy. Therapeutic angiogenesis has been shown to revascularize ischemic heart tissue, reduce the progression of tissue infarction, and evade the need for invasive surgical procedures or tissue/organ transplants. Several approaches, including the use of proteins, genes, stem/progenitor cells, and various combinations, have been employed to promote angiogenesis. While clinical trials for these approaches are ongoing, microvesicles and exosomes have recently been investigated as a cell-free approach to stimulate angiogenesis and may circumvent limitations of using viable cells. This review summarizes the approaches to accomplish therapeutic angiogenesis for IHD by highlighting the advances and challenges that addresses the applicability of a potential pro-angiogenic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takerra Johnson
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Lina Zhao
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Gygeria Manuel
- Department of Biochemistry, Spelman College, 350 Spelman Lane, Atlanta, GA, 30314, USA
| | - Herman Taylor
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Dong Liu
- Morehouse School of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, 720 Westview Drive SW, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA.
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Young SA, Flynn LE, Amsden BG. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in a Resilient In Situ Forming Hydrogel Modulate Macrophage Phenotype. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1784-1797. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart A. Young
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Human Mobility Research Centre, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren E. Flynn
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian G. Amsden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Human Mobility Research Centre, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Kim CY, Hwang IK, Kang C, Chung EB, Jung CR, Oh H, Jeong YH, Moon SH, Kim JS, Hong KS, Park JH, Chung HM. Improved Transfection Efficiency and Metabolic Activity in Human Embryonic Stem Cell Using Non-Enzymatic Method. Int J Stem Cells 2018; 11:149-156. [PMID: 30173502 PMCID: PMC6285293 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc18037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are pluripotent cells widely used in conventional and regenerative medicine due to their ability to self-renew, proliferate and differentiate. Recently, genetic modification of stem cells using genome editing is the most advanced technique for treating hereditary diseases. Nevertheless, the low transfection efficiency of hESCs using enzymatic methods is still limited in in vitro preclinical research. To overcome these limitations, we have developed transfection methods using non-enzymatic treatments on hESCs. In this study, hESCs were transfected following enzymatic (TrypLE and trypsin) and non-enzymatic treatment ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) to increase transfection efficiency. Flow cytometric analysis using an enhanced green fluorescent protein vector showed a significantly increased transfection efficiency of EDTA method compared to standard enzyme method. In addition, the EDTA approach maintained stable cell viability and recovery rate of hESCs after transfection. Also, metabolic activity by using Extracellular Flux Analyzer revealed that EDTA method maintained as similar levels of cell functionality as normal group comparing with enzymatic groups. These results suggest that transfection using EDTA is a more efficient and safe substitute for transfection than the use of standard enzymatic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-Yoon Kim
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Hwang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Changhee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Bin Chung
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cho-Rok Jung
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hanseul Oh
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Hoon Jeong
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Soo Kim
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Sung Hong
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Park
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Chung
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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Marofi F, Vahedi G, hasanzadeh A, Salarinasab S, Arzhanga P, Khademi B, Farshdousti Hagh M. Mesenchymal stem cells as the game‐changing tools in the treatment of various organs disorders: Mirage or reality? J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1268-1288. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Faroogh Marofi
- Department of Hematology Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Ghasem Vahedi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran Tehran Iran
| | - Ali hasanzadeh
- Department of Hematology Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Sadegh Salarinasab
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
| | - Pishva Arzhanga
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Bahareh Khademi
- Department of Medical Genetic Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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Shafei AES, Ali MA, Ghanem HG, Shehata AI, Abdelgawad AA, Handal HR, ElSayed AS, Ashaal AE, Ali MM, El-Shal AS. Mechanistic effects of mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cells: New therapeutic targets in myocardial infarction. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5274-5286. [PMID: 29266431 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) results in dysfunction and irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes and is of the most serious health threats today. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have been explored as promising cell therapy in MI and regenerative therapy. Recently, reports investigated the potential therapeutic effects of MSCs or HSCs transplantation after MI in numerous experimental and clinical studies; however, their results are controversy and needs more explorations. The current review is an attempt to clarify the therapeutic potentials of MSCs and HSCs in MI therapy, as well as their possible effects; especially the paracrine one and the exosome-derived stem cell among animal models as well as clinical trials conducted within the last 10 years. In this context, various sources of MSCs and HSCs have been addressed in helping cardiac regeneration by either revitalizing the cardiac stem cells niche or revascularizing the arteries and veins of the heart. In addition, both MSCs and HSCs could produce paracrine mediators and growth factors which led to cardiomyocytes protection, angiogenesis, immunemodulation, antioxidants, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, as well as increasing cardiac contractility. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs), post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), a miRNA sponge, are recent stem cell-derived mediators can be promising targets of MSCs and HSCs through their paracrine effects. Although MSCs and HSCs have achieved considerable achievements, however, some challenges still remain that need to be overcome in order to establish it as a successful technique. The present review clarified the mechanistic potentials of MSCs and HSCs especially paracrine effects involved in MI including human and animal studies and the challenges challenges regarding type, differentiation, route, and number of injections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman El-Sayed Shafei
- Biomedical Research Department, Military Armed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Ali
- Biomedical Research Department, Military Armed Forces College of Medicine (AFCM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hazem G Ghanem
- Undergraduate Student, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Shehata
- Undergraduate Student, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Hossam R Handal
- Undergraduate Student, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed E Ashaal
- Undergraduate Student, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mazen M Ali
- Undergraduate Student, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal S El-Shal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular biology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Shafei AES, Ali MA, Ghanem HG, Shehata AI, Abdelgawad AA, Handal HR, Talaat KA, Ashaal AE, El-Shal AS. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy: A promising cell-based therapy for treatment of myocardial infarction. J Gene Med 2017; 19. [PMID: 29044850 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, mesenchymal stem (MSCs) cells have been used for cardiovascular diseases as regenerative therapy. This review is an attempt to summarize the types of MSCs involved in myocardial infarction (MI) therapy, as well as its possible mechanisms effects, especially the paracrine one in MI focusing on the studies (human and animal) conducted within the last 10 years. Recently, reports showed that MSC therapy could have infarct-limiting effects after MI in both experimental and clinical trials. In this context, various types of MSCs can help cardiac regeneration by either revitalizing the cardiac stem cells or revascularizing the arteries and veins of the heart. Furthermore, MSCs could produce paracrine growth factors that increase the survival of nearby cardiomyocytes, as well as increase angiogenesis through recruitment of stem cell from bone marrow or inducing vessel growth from existing capillaries. Recent research suggests that the paracrine effects of MSCs could be mediated by extracellular vesicles including exosomes. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) released by MSCs are promising therapeutic hotspot target for MI. This could be attributed to the role of miRNA in cardiac biology, including cardiac regeneration, stem cell differentiation, apoptosis, neovascularization, cardiac contractility and cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, gene-modified MSCs could be a recent promising therapy for MI to enhance the paracrine effects of MSCs, including better homing and effective cell targeted tissue regeneration. Although MSC therapy has achieved considerable attention and progress, there are critical challenges that remains to be overcome to achieve the most effective successful cell-based therapy in MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman El-Sayed Shafei
- Biomedical Research Department, Military Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Ahmed Ali
- Biomedical Research Department, Military Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Amal S El-Shal
- Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Rong SL, Wang XL, Zhang CY, Song ZH, Cui LH, He XF, Li XJ, Du HJ, Li B. Transplantation of HGF gene-engineered skeletal myoblasts improve infarction recovery in a rat myocardial ischemia model. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175807. [PMID: 28459804 PMCID: PMC5411067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal myoblast transplantation seems a promising approach for the repair of myocardial infarction (MI). However, the low engraftment efficacy and impaired angiogenic ability limit the clinical efficiency of the myoblasts. Gene engineering with angiogenic growth factors promotes angiogenesis and enhances engraftment of transplanted skeletal myoblasts, leading to improved infarction recovery in myocardial ischemia. The present study evaluated the therapeutic effects of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) gene-engineered skeletal myoblasts on tissue regeneration and restoration of heart function in a rat MI model. METHODS AND RESULTS The skeletal myoblasts were isolated, expanded, and transduced with adenovirus carrying the HGF gene (Ad-HGF). Male SD rats underwent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. After 2 weeks, the surviving rats were randomized into four groups and treated with skeletal myoblasts by direct injection into the myocardium. The survival and engraftment of skeletal myoblasts were determined by real-time PCR and in situ hybridization. The cardiac function with hemodynamic index and left ventricular architecture were monitored; The adenovirus-mediated-HGF gene transfection increases the HGF expression and promotes the proliferation of skeletal myoblasts in vitro. Transplantation of HGF-engineered skeletal myoblasts results in reduced infarct size and collagen deposition, increased vessel density, and improved cardiac function in a rat MI model. HGF gene modification also increases the myocardial levels of HGF, VEGF, and Bcl-2 and enhances the survival and engraftment of skeletal myoblasts. CONCLUSIONS HGF engineering improves the regenerative effect of skeletal myoblasts on MI by enhancing their survival and engraftment ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ling Rong
- Department of Cardiology, Heping Hospital and Institute of cardiovascular disease, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Heping Hospital and Institute of cardiovascular disease, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Cui-Ying Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Zhuo-Hui Song
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Lu-Hua Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Heping Hospital and Institute of cardiovascular disease, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Xiao-Feng He
- Department of Research, Heping Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Xu-Jiong Li
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Hui-Jin Du
- Department of Cardiology, Heping Hospital and Institute of cardiovascular disease, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Bao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Accelerated cellular senescence as underlying mechanism for functionally impaired bone marrow-derived progenitor cells in ischemic heart disease. Atherosclerosis 2017; 260:138-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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13
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Liu Y, Lu J, Xu G, Wei J, Zhang Z, Li X. Tuning the conductivity and inner structure of electrospun fibers to promote cardiomyocyte elongation and synchronous beating. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 69:865-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Bruyneel AAN, Sehgal A, Malandraki-Miller S, Carr C. Stem Cell Therapy for the Heart: Blind Alley or Magic Bullet? J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2016; 9:405-418. [PMID: 27542008 PMCID: PMC5153828 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-016-9708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
When stressed by ageing or disease, the adult human heart is unable to regenerate, leading to scarring and hypertrophy and eventually heart failure. As a result, stem cell therapy has been proposed as an ultimate therapeutic strategy, as stem cells could limit adverse remodelling and give rise to new cardiomyocytes and vasculature. Unfortunately, the results from clinical trials to date have been largely disappointing. In this review, we discuss the current status of the field and describe various limitations and how future work may attempt to resolve these to make way to successful clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne A N Bruyneel
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Carolyn Carr
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Shafiq M, Jung Y, Kim SH. Insight on stem cell preconditioning and instructive biomaterials to enhance cell adhesion, retention, and engraftment for tissue repair. Biomaterials 2016; 90:85-115. [PMID: 27016619 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are a promising solution for the treatment of a variety of diseases. However, the limited survival and engraftment of transplanted cells due to a hostile ischemic environment is a bottleneck for effective utilization and commercialization. Within this environment, the majority of transplanted cells undergo apoptosis prior to participating in lineage differentiation and cellular integration. Therefore, in order to maximize the clinical utility of stem/progenitor cells, strategies must be employed to increase their adhesion, retention, and engraftment in vivo. Here, we reviewed key strategies that are being adopted to enhance the survival, retention, and engraftment of transplanted stem cells through the manipulation of both the stem cells and the surrounding environment. We describe how preconditioning of cells or cell manipulations strategies can enhance stem cell survival and engraftment after transplantation. We also discuss how biomaterials can enhance the function of stem cells for effective tissue regeneration. Biomaterials can incorporate or mimic extracellular function (ECM) function and enhance survival or differentiation of transplanted cells in vivo. Biomaterials can also promote angiogenesis, enhance engraftment and differentiation, and accelerate electromechanical integration of transplanted stem cells. Insight gained from this review may direct the development of future investigations and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shafiq
- Korea University of Science and Technology, 176 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmee Jung
- Korea University of Science and Technology, 176 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Korea University of Science and Technology, 176 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Cheongryang, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea.
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Yu B, Yang Y, Liu H, Gong M, Millard RW, Wang YG, Ashraf M, Xu M. Clusterin/Akt Up-Regulation Is Critical for GATA-4 Mediated Cytoprotection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells against Ischemia Injury. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151542. [PMID: 26962868 PMCID: PMC4786134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clusterin (Clu) is a stress-responding protein with multiple biological functions. Our preliminary microarray studies show that clusterin was prominently upregulated in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) overexpressing GATA-4 (MSCGATA-4). We hypothesized that the upregulation of clusterin is involved in overexpression of GATA-4 mediated cytoprotection. Methods MSCs harvested from bone marrow of rats were transduced with GATA-4. The expression of clusterin in MSCs was further confirmed by real-time PCR and western blotting. Simulation of ischemia was achieved by exposure of MSCs to a hypoxic environment. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released from MSCs was served as a biomarker of cell injury and MTs uptake was used to estimate cell viability. Mitochondrial function was evaluated by measuring mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and caspase 3/7 activity. Results (1) Clusterin expression was up-regulated in MSCGATA-4 compared to control MSCs transfected with empty-vector (MSCNull). MSCGATA-4 were tolerant to 72 h hypoxia exposure as shown by reduced LDH release and higher MTs uptake. This protection was abrogated by transfecting Clu-siRNA into MSCGATA-4. (2) Exogenous clusterin significantly decreased LDH release and increased MSC survival in hypoxic environment. Moreover, ΔΨm was maintained and caspase 3/7 activity was reduced by clusterin in a concentration-dependent manner. (3) p-Akt expression in MSCs was upregulated following pre-treatment with clusterin, with no change in total Akt. Moreover, cytoprotection mediated by clusterin was partially abrogated by Akt inhibitor LY294002. Conclusions Clusterin/Akt signaling pathway is involved in GATA-4 mediated cytoprotection against hypoxia stress. It is suggested that clusterin may be therapeutically exploited in MSC based therapy for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yueting Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Min Gong
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Ronald W. Millard
- Department of Pharmacology & Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yi-Gang Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Meifeng Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Tallawi M, Rosellini E, Barbani N, Cascone MG, Rai R, Saint-Pierre G, Boccaccini AR. Strategies for the chemical and biological functionalization of scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering: a review. J R Soc Interface 2015; 12:20150254. [PMID: 26109634 PMCID: PMC4528590 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2015.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of biomaterials for cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) is challenging, primarily owing to the requirement of achieving a surface with favourable characteristics that enhances cell attachment and maturation. The biomaterial surface plays a crucial role as it forms the interface between the scaffold (or cardiac patch) and the cells. In the field of CTE, synthetic polymers (polyglycerol sebacate, polyethylene glycol, polyglycolic acid, poly-l-lactide, polyvinyl alcohol, polycaprolactone, polyurethanes and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)) have been proven to exhibit suitable biodegradable and mechanical properties. Despite the fact that they show the required biocompatible behaviour, most synthetic polymers exhibit poor cell attachment capability. These synthetic polymers are mostly hydrophobic and lack cell recognition sites, limiting their application. Therefore, biofunctionalization of these biomaterials to enhance cell attachment and cell material interaction is being widely investigated. There are numerous approaches for functionalizing a material, which can be classified as mechanical, physical, chemical and biological. In this review, recent studies reported in the literature to functionalize scaffolds in the context of CTE, are discussed. Surface, morphological, chemical and biological modifications are introduced and the results of novel promising strategies and techniques are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Tallawi
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elisabetta Rosellini
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Niccoletta Barbani
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cascone
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ranjana Rai
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Guillaume Saint-Pierre
- Inspiralia, Materials Laboratory, C/Faraday 7, Lab 3.02, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Tang Y, Gan X, Cheheltani R, Curran E, Lamberti G, Krynska B, Kiani MF, Wang B. Targeted delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor improves stem cell therapy in a rat myocardial infarction model. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2014; 10:1711-8. [PMID: 24941463 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Rebuilding of infarcted myocardium by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has not been successful because of poor cell survival due in part to insufficient blood supply after myocardial infarction (MI). We hypothesize that targeted delivery of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to MI can help regenerate vasculature in support of MSC therapy in a rat model of MI. VEGF-encapsulated immunoliposomes targeting overexpressed P-selectin in MI tissue were infused by tail vein immediately after MI. One week later, MSCs were injected intramyocardially. The cardiac function loss was moderated slightly by targeted delivery of VEGF or MSC treatment. Targeted VEGF+MSC combination treatment showed highest attenuation in cardiac function loss. The combination treatment also increased blood vessel density (80%) and decreased collagen content in post-MI tissue (33%). Engraftment of MSCs in the combination treatment group was significantly increased and the engrafted cells contributed to the restoration of blood vessels. FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR VEGF immunoliposomes targeting myocardial infarction tissue resulted in significantly higher attenuation of cardiac function loss when used in combination with mesenchymal stem cells. MSCs were previously found to have poor ability to restore cardiac tissue, likely as a result of poor blood supply in the affected areas. This new method counterbalances that weakness by the known effects of VEGF, as demonstrated in a rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Widener University, Chester, PA USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Xiaoliang Gan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Rabe'e Cheheltani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Elizabeth Curran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Giuseppina Lamberti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Barbara Krynska
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center and Department of Neurology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Mohammad F Kiani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Widener University, Chester, PA USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA.
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Liu X, Chen H, Zhu W, Chen H, Hu X, Jiang Z, Xu Y, Zhou Y, Wang K, Wang L, Chen P, Hu H, Wang C, Zhang N, Ma Q, Huang M, Hu D, Zhang L, Wu R, Wang Y, Xu Q, Yu H, Wang J. Transplantation of SIRT1-engineered aged mesenchymal stem cells improves cardiac function in a rat myocardial infarction model. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014; 33:1083-92. [PMID: 25034794 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated that biological aging has a negative influence on the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy. Using a rat myocardial infarction (MI) model, we tested the hypothesis that silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) may ameliorate the phenotype and improve the function of aged MSCs and thus enhance the efficacy of aged MSCs-based therapy. METHODS Sixty female rats underwent left anterior descending coronary artery ligation and were randomly assigned to receiving: intramyocardial injection of cell culture medium (DMEM group); SIRT1 overexpression vector-treated aged MSCs (SIRT1-aged MSCs group) obtained from aged male SD rats or empty vector-treated aged MSCs (vector-aged MSCs group). Another 20 sham-operated rats that underwent open-chest surgery without coronary ligation or any other intervention served as controls. RESULTS SIRT1-aged MSC group exhibited enhanced blood vessel density in the border zone of MI hearts, which was associated with reduced cardiac remodeling, leading to improved cardiac performance. Consistent with the in vivo data, our in vitro experiments also demonstrated that SIRT1 overexpression ameliorated aged MSCs senescent phenotype and recapitulated the pro-angiogenesis property of MSCs and conferred the anti-stress response capabilities, as indicated by increases in pro-angiogenic factors, angiopoietin 1 (Ang1) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), expressions and a decrease in anti-angiogenic factor thrombospondin-1 (TBS1) at mRNA levels, and increases in Bcl-2/Bax ratio at protein level. CONCLUSIONS Up-regulating SIRT1 expression could enhance the efficacy of aged MSCs-based therapy for MI as it relates to the amelioration of senescent phenotype and hence improved biological function of aged MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiqiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yinchuan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Panpan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hengxun Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qunchao Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mingyuan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dexing Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Wu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiyuan Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian'an Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Key Division of Ministry of Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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De Lisio M, Jensen T, Sukiennik RA, Huntsman HD, Boppart MD. Substrate and strain alter the muscle-derived mesenchymal stem cell secretome to promote myogenesis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 5:74. [PMID: 24906706 PMCID: PMC4097833 DOI: 10.1186/scrt463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reside in a variety of tissues and provide a stromal role in regulating progenitor cell function. Current studies focus on identifying the specific factors in the niche that can alter the MSC secretome, ultimately determining the effectiveness and timing of tissue repair. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the extent to which substrate and mechanical strain simultaneously regulate MSC quantity, gene expression, and secretome. METHODS MSCs (Sca-1+CD45-) isolated from murine skeletal muscle (muscle-derived MSCs, or mMSCs) via fluorescence-activated cell sorting were seeded onto laminin (LAM)- or collagen type 1 (COL)-coated membranes and exposed to a single bout of mechanical strain (10%, 1 Hz, 5 hours). RESULTS mMSC proliferation was not directly affected by substrate or strain; however, gene expression of growth and inflammatory factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins was downregulated in mMSCs grown on COL in a manner independent of strain. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) may be involved in substrate regulation of mMSC secretome as FAK phosphorylation was significantly elevated 24 hours post-strain in mMSCs plated on LAM but not COL (P <0.05). Conditioned media (CM) from mMSCs exposed to both LAM and strain increased myoblast quantity 5.6-fold 24 hours post-treatment compared with myoblasts treated with serum-free media (P <0.05). This response was delayed in myoblasts treated with CM from mMSCs grown on COL. CONCLUSIONS Here, we demonstrate that exposure to COL, the primary ECM component associated with tissue fibrosis, downregulates genes associated with growth and inflammation in mMSCs and delays the ability for mMSCs to stimulate myoblast proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael De Lisio
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, 405 N. Mathews Avenue, MC-251, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Tor Jensen
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Richard A Sukiennik
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, 405 N. Mathews Avenue, MC-251, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Heather D Huntsman
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, 405 N. Mathews Avenue, MC-251, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Marni D Boppart
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois, 405 N. Mathews Avenue, MC-251, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Ma HI, Hueng DY, Shui HA, Han JM, Wang CH, Lai YH, Cheng SY, Xiao X, Chen MT, Yang YP. Intratumoral decorin gene delivery by AAV vector inhibits brain glioblastomas and prolongs survival of animals by inducing cell differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:4393-414. [PMID: 24625664 PMCID: PMC3975403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms15034393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most malignant cancer in the central nervous system with poor clinical prognosis. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effect of an anti-cancer protein, decorin, by delivering it into a xenograft U87MG glioma tumor in the brain of nude mice through an adeno-associated viral (AAV2) gene delivery system. Decorin expression from the AAV vector in vitro inhibited cultured U87MG cell growth by induction of cell differentiation. Intracranial injection of AAV-decorin vector to the glioma-bearing nude mice in vivo significantly suppressed brain tumor growth and prolonged survival when compared to control non-treated mice bearing the same U87MG tumors. Proteomics analysis on protein expression profiles in the U87MG glioma cells after AAV-mediated decorin gene transfer revealed up- and down-regulation of important proteins. Differentially expressed proteins between control and AAV-decorin-transduced cells were identified through MALDI-TOF MS and database mining. We found that a number of important proteins that are involved in apoptosis, transcription, chemotherapy resistance, mitosis, and fatty acid metabolism have been altered as a result of decorin overexpression. These findings offer valuable insight into the mechanisms of the anti-glioblastoma effects of decorin. In addition, AAV-mediated decorin gene delivery warrants further investigation as a potential therapeutic approach for brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-I Ma
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Dueng-Yuan Hueng
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Hao-Ai Shui
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Jun-Ming Han
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Hsien Wang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Hsiu Lai
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan.
| | - Shi-Yuan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern Brain Tumor Institute. The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Center of Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Ming-Teh Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Ping Yang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan.
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Huang B, Qian J, Ma J, Huang Z, Shen Y, Chen X, Sun A, Ge J, Chen H. Myocardial transfection of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and co-transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells enhance cardiac repair in rats with experimental myocardial infarction. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 5:22. [PMID: 24507665 PMCID: PMC4055118 DOI: 10.1186/scrt410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have potential for the treatment of myocardial infarction. However, several meta-analyses revealed that the outcome of stem cell transplantation is dissatisfactory. A series of studies demonstrated that the combination of cell and gene therapy was a promising strategy to enhance therapeutic efficiency. The aim of this research is to investigate whether and how the combination of overexpression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and co-transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells can enhance cardiac repair in myocardial infarction. Methods We investigated the therapeutic effects of myocardial transfection of HIF-1α and co-transplantation of MSCs on cardiac repair in myocardial infarction by using myocardial transfection of HIF-1α via an adenoviral vector. Myocardial infarction was produced by coronary ligation in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Animals were divided randomly into six groups: (1) HIF-1α + MSCs group: Ad-HIF-1α (6 × 109 plate forming unit) and MSCs (1 × 106) were intramyocardially injected into the border zone simultaneously; (2) HIF-1α group: Ad-HIF-1α (6 × 109 plate forming unit) was injected into the border zone; (3) HIF-1α-MSCs group: Ad-HIF-1α transfected MSCs (1 × 106) were injected into the border zone; (4) MSCs group: MSCs (1 × 106) were injected into the border zone; (5) Control group: same volume of DMEM was injected; (6) SHAM group. Cardiac performance was then quantified by echocardiography as well as molecular and pathologic analysis of heart samples in the peri-infarcted region and the infarcted region at serial time points. The survival and engraftment of transplanted MSCs were also assessed. Results Myocardial transfection of HIF-1α combined with MSC transplantation in the peri-infarcted region improved cardiac function four weeks after myocardial infarction. Significant increases in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) expression, angiogenesis and MSC engraftment, as well as decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis in peri-infarcted regions in the hearts of the HIF-1α + MSCs group were detected compared to the MSCs group and Control group. Conclusions These findings suggest that myocardial transfection of HIF-1α and co-transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells enhance cardiac repair in myocardial infarction, indicating the feasibility and preliminary safety of a combination of myocardial transfection of HIF-1α and MSC transplantation to treat myocardial infarction.
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Huang F, Li ML, Fang ZF, Hu XQ, Liu QM, Liu ZJ, Tang L, Zhao YS, Zhou SH. Overexpression of MicroRNA-1 improves the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation after myocardial infarction. Cardiology 2013; 125:18-30. [PMID: 23615185 DOI: 10.1159/000347081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this research was to study whether transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) overexpressing microRNA-1 into mouse infarcted myocardium can enhance cardiac myocyte differentiation and improve cardiac function efficiently. METHODS Eight-week-old female C57BL/6 mice underwent ligation of the left coronary artery to produce models of myocardial infarction. The ligated animals were randomly divided into 4 groups (20 in each). One week later, they were intramyocardially injected at the heart infarcted zone with microRNA-1-transduced MSCs (MSC(miR-1) group), mock-vector-transduced MSCs (MSC(null) group), MSCs (MSC group) or medium (PBS group). At 4 weeks post-transplantation, transthoracic echocardiographic assessment, histological evaluation and Western blot were performed. RESULTS The transplanted MSCs were able to differentiate into cardiomyocytes in the infarcted zone. Cardiac function in the MSC, MSC(null) and MSC(miR-1) groups was significantly improved compared to the PBS group (p < 0.01 or p < 0.001). However, treatment of MSCs expressing microRNA-1 was more effective for cardiac repair and improved cardiac function more efficiently by enhancing cell survival and cardiac myocyte differentiation compared to the MSC group or the MSC(null) groups (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Transplantation of microRNA-1-transfected MSCs was more conducive to repair of infarct injury and improved heart function by enhancing transplanted cells survival and cardiomyogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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HUANG FENG, ZHU XIAO, HU XINQUN, FANG ZHENFEI, TANG LIANG, LU XIAOLING, ZHOU SHENGHUA. Mesenchymal stem cells modified with miR-126 release angiogenic factors and activate Notch ligand Delta-like-4, enhancing ischemic angiogenesis and cell survival. Int J Mol Med 2012; 31:484-92. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Choudhery MS, Khan M, Mahmood R, Mehmood A, Khan SN, Riazuddin S. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells from aged mice have reduced wound healing, angiogenesis, proliferation and anti-apoptosis capabilities. Cell Biol Int 2012; 36:747-53. [PMID: 22352320 DOI: 10.1042/cbi20110183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Decline in the function of stem cells with age, such as other cells of the body, results in an imbalance between loss and renewal. Increasing age of the donor thus diminishes the effectiveness of MSCs (mesenchymal stem cells) transplantation in age-related diseases. The clinical use of stem cell therapies needs autologous stem cell transplantation; it is essential therefore to study the repair ability and survivability of cells before transplantation. Bone marrow derived MSCs possess multi-lineage differentiation potential, but aging adversely affects their therapeutic efficacy. MSCs from young (2-3 months) and aged (23-24 months) GFP (green fluorescent protein)-expressing C57BL/6 mice were isolated and their regenerative potential was assessed in vitro. Real-time RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase-PCR) showed significantly higher expression of Sirt1 in MSCs isolated from young than older animals. Down-regulation of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), SDF-1 (stromal-cell-derived factor 1), AKT (also known as protein kinase B) and up-regulation of p53, p21, Bax and p16 occurred in aged cells. Tube formation, wound healing and proliferative abilities of the young MSCs were better than the aged MSCs. The results suggest that age-related increased expression of apoptotic and senescent genes, with concomitant decrease in Sirt1 gene expression, inhibits to some extent stem cell functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Saba Choudhery
- National Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology, 87 West Canal Bank Road, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Némos C, Basciano L, Dalloul A. Effet et applications potentielles de la culture des cellules souches mésenchymateuses de moelle osseuse en condition d’hypoxie. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 60:193-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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27
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Tan Y, Xiao EH, Xiao LZ, Yuan YH, Ma C, Shang QL, Bian DJ, Li YH, Chen Z, Chang Q. VEGF(165) expressing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into hepatocytes under HGF and EGF induction in vitro. Cytotechnology 2012; 64:635-47. [PMID: 22476563 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-012-9439-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A short half-life and low levels of growth factors in an injured microenvironment necessitates the sustainable delivery of growth factors and stem cells to augment the regeneration of injured tissues. Our aim was to investigate the ability of VEGF(165) expressing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) to differentiate into hepatocytes when cultured with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) in vitro. We isolated, cultured and identified rabbit BMMSCs, then electroporated the BMMSCs with VEGF(165)-pCMV6-AC-GFP plasmid. G418 was used to select transfected cells and the efficiency was up to 70%. The groups were then divided as follows: Group A was electroporated with pCMV6-AC-GFP plasmid + HGF + EGF and Group B was electroporated with VEGF(165)-pCMV6-AC-GFP plasmid +HGF + EGF. After 14 days, BMMSCs were induced into short spindle and polygonal cells. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was positive and albumin (ALB) was negative in Group A, while both AFP and ALB were positive in group B on day 10. AFP and ALB in both groups were positive on day 20, but the quantity of AFP in group B decreased with prolonged time and was about 43.5% less than group A. The quantity of the ALB gene was increased with prolonged time in both groups. However, there was no significant difference between group A and B on day 10 and 20. Our results demonstrated that VEGF(165)-pCMV6-AC-GFP plasmid modified BMMSCs still had the ability to differentiate into hepatocytes. The VEGF(165) gene promoted BMMSCs to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells under the induction of HGF and EGF, and reduced the differentiation time. These results have implications for cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tan
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
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Xu M, Millard RW, Ashraf M. Role of GATA-4 in differentiation and survival of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2012; 111:217-41. [PMID: 22917233 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-398459-3.00010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell and tissue regeneration is a relatively new research field and it incorporates a novel application of molecular genetics. Combinatorial approaches for stem-cell-based therapies wherein guided differentiation into cardiac lineage cells and cells secreting paracrine factors may be necessary to overcome the limitations and shortcomings of a singular approach. GATA-4, a GATA zinc-finger transcription factor family member, has been shown to regulate differentiation, growth, and survival of a wide range of cell types. In this chapter, we discuss whether overexpression of GATA-4 increases mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transdifferentiation into cardiac phenotype and enhances the MSC secretome, thereby increasing cell survival and promoting postinfarction cardiac angiogenesis. MSCs engineered with GATA-4 enhance their capacity to differentiate into cardiac cell phenotypes, improve survival of the cardiac progenitor cells and their offspring, and modulate the paracrine activity of stem cells to support their angiomyogenic potential and cardioprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifeng Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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29
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Holladay CA, Duffy AM, Chen X, Sefton MV, O'Brien TD, Pandit AS. Recovery of cardiac function mediated by MSC and interleukin-10 plasmid functionalised scaffold. Biomaterials 2011; 33:1303-14. [PMID: 22078809 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell transplantation has been suggested as a treatment for myocardial infarction, but clinical studies have yet to demonstrate conclusive, positive effects. This may be related to poor survival of the transplanted stem cells due to the inflammatory response following myocardial infarction. To address this, a scaffold-based stem cell delivery system was functionalised with anti-inflammatory plasmids (interleukin-10) to improve stem cell retention and recovery of cardiac function. Myocardial infarction was induced and these functionalised scaffolds were applied over the infarcted myocardium. Four weeks later, stem cell retention, cardiac function, remodelling and inflammation were quantified. Interleukin-10 gene transfer improved stem cell retention by more than five-fold and the hearts treated with scaffold, stem cells and interleukin-10 had significant functional recovery compared to the scaffold control (scaffold: -10 ± 7%, scaffold, interleukin-10 and stem cells: +7 ± 6%). This improved function was associated with increased infarcted wall thickness and increased ratios of collagen type III/type I, decreased cell death, and a change in macrophage markers from mainly cytotoxic in the scaffold group to mainly regulatory in scaffold, stem cells and interleukin-10 group. Thus, treatment of myocardial infarction with stem cells and interleukin-10 gene transfer significantly improved stem cell retention and ultimately improved overall cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn A Holladay
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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30
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First implantable device for hypoxia-mediated angiogenic induction. J Control Release 2011; 153:217-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Revised: 03/23/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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31
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Holladay C, Power K, Sefton M, O'Brien T, Gallagher WM, Pandit A. Functionalized scaffold-mediated interleukin 10 gene delivery significantly improves survival rates of stem cells in vivo. Mol Ther 2011; 19:969-78. [PMID: 21266957 PMCID: PMC3086863 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2010.311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While stem cell transplantation could potentially treat a variety of disorders, clinical studies have not yet demonstrated conclusive benefits. This may be partly because transplanted stem cells have low survival rates, potentially due to host inflammation. The system described herein used two different gene therapy techniques to improve retention of rat mesenchymal stem cells. In the first, stem cells were transfected with interleukin-10 (IL-10) before being loaded into a collagen scaffold. In the second, unmodified stem cells were loaded into a collagen scaffold along with polymer-complexed IL-10 plasmids. The scaffolds were surgically implanted into the dorsum of syngeneic rats. At each endpoint, the scaffolds were explanted and cell retention, IL-10 level and inflammatory response were quantified. All treatment groups had statistically significant increases in cell retention after 7 days, but the group treated with 2 µg of IL-10 polyplexes had a significant improvement even at 21 days. This cell retention was associated with increased IL-10 and decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and apoptosis. The primary effect on the inflammatory response appeared to be on macrophage differentiation, encouraging the regulatory phenotype over the cytotoxic lineage. Improving cell survival may be an important step toward realization of the therapeutic potential of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Holladay
- Network of Excellence for Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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32
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Templin C, Lüscher TF, Landmesser U. [Stem and progenitor cell-based therapy approaches: current developments on treatment of acute myocardial infarction and chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy]. Herz 2011; 35:445-56. [PMID: 20967401 DOI: 10.1007/s00059-010-3397-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for coronary revascularization in conjunction with an optimized pharmacological treatment can reduce adverse left ventricular remodeling and dysfunction in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Despite these modern therapeutic strategies a significant number of these patients continue to develop adverse cardiac remodeling and LV dysfunction which is associated with a poor prognosis. Stem and progenitor cell-based approaches for treatment of acute myocardial infarction and chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy are an interesting direction of current experimental and clinical research. The current review article provides a summary of recent developments of cell-based therapies of ischemic heart disease, including the assessment of the repair and regeneration capacity of different stem and progenitor cell populations. In addition the advantages and disadvantages of different modes of cell application and potential strategies for the improvement of stem and progenitor cell function for their use in cell-based cardiovascular therapies will be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Templin
- Klinik für Kardiologie, UniversitätsSpital Zürich, Rämistr. 100, 8091, Zürich, Schweiz.
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33
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Jin P, Zhang X, Wu Y, Li L, Yin Q, Zheng L, Zhang H, Sun C. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat-derived bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have impaired abilities in proliferation, paracrine, antiapoptosis, and myogenic differentiation. Transplant Proc 2011; 42:2745-52. [PMID: 20832580 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.05.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes has been widely recognized as a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. With the development of the regenerative medicine, autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), transplantation can effectively improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction. However, the BMSCs used in most previous studies are derived from young or normal donors. Little is know about the biological characters change of BMSCs in diabetes mellitus. METHODS BMSCs were taken from the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and normal control rats. Cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. Production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Apoptosis under hypoxia and serum deprivation culture conditions were detected by Hoechst 33342 stain and flow cytometry. Myogenic differentiation, induced by 5-azacytidine was assessed by using immunocytochemical staining for the expression of sarcomeric α-actin and desmin. RESULTS Diabetic rat models were successfully induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ. The proliferative abilities of BMSCs derived from diabetic rats decreased significantly compared with that from normal rats (P < .05). Similar results were also presented in the cytokines (VEGF and IGF-1) release (P = .02 and P < .01, respectively) that the ability of antiapoptosis and myogenic differentiation decreased obviously between diabetes group and the normal control group (P < .01). CONCLUSION BMSCs from STZ-induced diabetic rats could be successfully harvested and expanded in vitro culture condition; their morphology was very similar to normal control group, with minor changes. However, the proliferative and differentiation properties of diabetic BMSCs, as well as cytokine release and antiapoptosis ability, were significantly impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Jin
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, People's Republic of China
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Myers TJ, Granero-Molto F, Longobardi L, Li T, Yan Y, Spagnoli A. Mesenchymal stem cells at the intersection of cell and gene therapy. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2011; 10:1663-79. [PMID: 21058931 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2010.531257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD Mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipocytes. Along with differentiation, MSCs can modulate inflammation, home to damaged tissues and secrete bioactive molecules. These properties can be enhanced through genetic-modification that would combine the best of both cell and gene therapy fields to treat monogenic and multigenic diseases. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW Findings demonstrating the immunomodulation, homing and paracrine activities of MSCs followed by a summary of the current research utilizing MSCs as a vector for gene therapy, focusing on skeletal disorders, but also cardiovascular disease, ischemic damage and cancer. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN MSCs are a possible therapy for many diseases, especially those related to the musculoskeletal system, as a standalone treatment, or in combination with factors that enhance the abilities of these cells to migrate, survive or promote healing through anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, differentiation, angiogenesis or delivery of cytolytic or anabolic agents. TAKE HOME MESSAGE Genetically-modified MSCs are a promising area of research that would be improved by focusing on the biology of MSCs that could lead to identification of the natural and engrafting MSC-niche and a consensus on how to isolate and expand MSCs for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Myers
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Pediatrics, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7239, USA
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35
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Li H, Zuo S, He Z, Yang Y, Pasha Z, Wang Y, Xu M. Paracrine factors released by GATA-4 overexpressed mesenchymal stem cells increase angiogenesis and cell survival. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2010; 299:H1772-81. [PMID: 20870802 PMCID: PMC3006287 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00557.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) release soluble factors that contribute to cardiac repair and vascular regeneration. We hypothesized that overexpression of GATA-4 enhances the MSC secretome, thereby increasing cell survival and promoting postinfarction cardiac angiogenesis. MSCs harvested from male rat bone marrow were transduced with GATA-4 (MSC(GATA-4)) using the murine stem cell virus retroviral expression system; control cells were either nontransduced (MSC(bas)) or transduced with empty vector (MSC(Null)). Compared with these control cells, MSC(GATA-4) were shown by immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, and Western blotting to have higher expression of GATA-4. An increased expression of angiogenic factors in MSC(GATA-4) and higher MSC resistance against hypoxia were observed. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) treated with MSC(GATA-4) conditioned medium exhibited increased formation of capillary-like structures and promoted migration, compared with HUVECs treated with MSC(Null) conditioned medium. MSC(GATA-4) were injected into the peri-infarct region in an acute myocardial infarction model in Sprague-Dawley rats developed by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Survival of MSC(GATA-4), determined by Sry expression, was increased at 4 days postengraftment. MSC(GATA-4)-treated animals showed significantly improved cardiac function as assessed by echocardiography. Furthermore, fluorescent microsphere and histological studies revealed increased blood flow and blood vessel density and reduced infarction size in MSC(GATA-4)-treated animals. We conclude that GATA-4 overexpression in MSCs increased both MSC survival and angiogenic potential in ischemic myocardium and may therefore represent a novel and efficient therapeutic approach for postinfarct remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, USA
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36
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Ou L, Li W, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Jie S, Kong D, Steinhoff G, Ma N. Animal models of cardiac disease and stem cell therapy. Open Cardiovasc Med J 2010; 4:231-9. [PMID: 21258568 PMCID: PMC3024564 DOI: 10.2174/1874192401004010231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Revised: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Animal models that mimic cardiovascular diseases are indispensable tools for understanding the mechanisms underlying the diseases at the cellular and molecular level. This review focuses on various methods in preclinical research to create small animal models of cardiac diseases, such as myocardial infarction, dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure, myocarditis and cardiac hypertrophy, and the related stem cell treatment for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lailiang Ou
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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