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Pellequer JL, Westhof E. Marc van Regenmortel, personal recollections on a forward-thinking editor. J Mol Recognit 2024; 37:e3080. [PMID: 38439188 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Marc van Regenmortel was the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Molecular Recognition for the last 25 years. Without attempting to summarize Marc's exceptional career and achievements, we would like to tell the story of the tortuous and contingent path to the unravelling of a key molecular recognition process in antigenicity. Life is indeed full of contingencies and scientific life, full of meetings and random encounters, is prone to contingencies, a key element in discovery and innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Westhof
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire du CNRS, Strasbourg, France
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2
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Uchihashi T, Rico F, Pellequer JL. Tenth International AFMBioMed Conference on AFM in Life Sciences and Medicine, August 30-September 2, 2022, Nagoya-Okasaki, Japan: In memoriam of Pierre Parot (1950-2023). J Mol Recognit 2024; 37:e3077. [PMID: 38414311 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Felix Rico
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, CNRS, LAI, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France
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3
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Medina-Ramirez IE, Macias-Diaz JE, Masuoka-Ito D, Zapien JA. Holotomography and atomic force microscopy: a powerful combination to enhance cancer, microbiology and nanotoxicology research. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:64. [PMID: 38594446 PMCID: PMC11003950 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Modern imaging strategies are paramount to studying living systems such as cells, bacteria, and fungi and their response to pathogens, toxicants, and nanomaterials (NMs) as modulated by exposure and environmental factors. The need to understand the processes and mechanisms of damage, healing, and cell survivability of living systems continues to motivate the development of alternative imaging strategies. Of particular interest is the use of label-free techniques (microscopy procedures that do not require sample staining) that minimize interference of biological processes by foreign marking substances and reduce intense light exposure and potential photo-toxicity effects. This review focuses on the synergic capabilities of atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a well-developed and robust imaging strategy with demonstrated applications to unravel intimate details in biomedical applications, with the label-free, fast, and enduring Holotomographic Microscopy (HTM) strategy. HTM is a technique that combines holography and tomography using a low intensity continuous illumination laser to investigate (quantitatively and non-invasively) cells, microorganisms, and thin tissue by generating three-dimensional (3D) images and monitoring in real-time inner morphological changes. We first review the operating principles that form the basis for the complementary details provided by these techniques regarding the surface and internal information provided by HTM and AFM, which are essential and complimentary for the development of several biomedical areas studying the interaction mechanisms of NMs with living organisms. First, AFM can provide superb resolution on surface morphology and biomechanical characterization. Second, the quantitative phase capabilities of HTM enable superb modeling and quantification of the volume, surface area, protein content, and mass density of the main components of cells and microorganisms, including the morphology of cells in microbiological systems. These capabilities result from directly quantifying refractive index changes without requiring fluorescent markers or chemicals. As such, HTM is ideal for long-term monitoring of living organisms in conditions close to their natural settings. We present a case-based review of the principal uses of both techniques and their essential contributions to nanomedicine and nanotoxicology (study of the harmful effects of NMs in living organisms), emphasizing cancer and infectious disease control. The synergic impact of the sequential use of these complementary strategies provides a clear drive for adopting these techniques as interdependent fundamental tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliana E Medina-Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Aguascalientes, Ags, Mexico.
| | - J E Macias-Diaz
- Department of Mathematics and Physics, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Aguascalientes, Ags, Mexico
| | - David Masuoka-Ito
- Department of Stomatology, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Av. Universidad 940, Aguascalientes, Ags, Mexico
| | - Juan Antonio Zapien
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Kim HS, Peric N, Minj A, Wouters L, Serron J, Mancini C, Koylan S, Sergeant S, Hantschel T. Probe chip nanofabrication enabled reverse tip sample scanning probe microscopy concept and measurements. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:265703. [PMID: 38522105 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad3744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
We introduce a new scanning probe microscopy (SPM) concept called reverse tip sample scanning probe microscopy (RTS SPM), where the tip and sample positions are reversed as compared to traditional SPM. The main benefit of RTS SPM over the standard SPM configuration is that it allows for simple and fast tip changes. This overcomes two major limitations of SPM which are slow data acquisition and a strong dependency of the data on the tip condition. A probe chip with thousands of sharp integrated tips is the basis of our concept. We have developed a nanofabrication protocol for Si based probe chips and their functionalization with metal and diamond coatings, evaluated our probe chips for various RTS SPM applications (multi-tip imaging, SPM tomography, and correlative SPM), and showed the high potential of the RTS SPM concept.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chiara Mancini
- IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), Sapienza University of Rome, Via Antonio Scarpa 14, I-00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Serkan Koylan
- IMEC, Kapeldreef 75, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Quantum Solid State Physics KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200D, Leuven, B-3001, Belgium
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5
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Penman R, Kariuki R, Shaw ZL, Dekiwadia C, Christofferson AJ, Bryant G, Vongsvivut J, Bryant SJ, Elbourne A. Gold nanoparticle adsorption alters the cell stiffness and cell wall bio-chemical landscape of Candida albicans fungal cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 654:390-404. [PMID: 37852025 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Nanomaterials have been extensively investigated for a wide range of biomedical applications, including as antimicrobial agents, drug delivery vehicles, and diagnostic devices. The commonality between these biomedical applications is the necessity for the nanoparticle to interact with or pass through the cellular wall and membrane. Cell-nanomaterial interactions/uptake can occur in various ways, including adhering to the cell wall, forming aggregates on the surface, becoming absorbed within the cell wall itself, or transversing into the cell cytoplasm. These interactions are common to mammalian cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. This variety of interactions can cause changes to the integrity of the cell wall and the cell overall, but the precise mechanisms underpinning such interactions remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate the interaction between commonly investigated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and the cell wall/membrane of a model fungal cell to explore the general effects of interaction and uptake. EXPERIMENTS The interactions between 100 nm citrate-capped AuNPs and the cell wall of Candida albicans fungal cells were studied using a range of advanced microscopy techniques, including atomic force microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and synchrotron-FTIR micro-spectroscopy. FINDINGS In most cases, particles adhered on the cell surface, although instances of particles being up-taken into the cell cytoplasm and localised within the cell wall and membrane were also observed. There was a measurable increase in the stiffness of the fungal cell after AuNPs were introduced. Analysis of the synchrotron-FTIR data showed significant changes in spectral features associated with phospholipids and proteins after exposure to AuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan Penman
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Rashad Kariuki
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Z L Shaw
- School of Engineering, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Chaitali Dekiwadia
- RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility (RMMF), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | | | - Gary Bryant
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Jitraporn Vongsvivut
- Infrared Microspectroscopy (IRM) Beamline, ANSTO - Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Saffron J Bryant
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
| | - Aaron Elbourne
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
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6
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Preeti, Sambhakar S, Malik R, Bhatia S, Al Harrasi A, Rani C, Saharan R, Kumar S, Geeta, Sehrawat R. Nanoemulsion: An Emerging Novel Technology for Improving the Bioavailability of Drugs. SCIENTIFICA 2023; 2023:6640103. [PMID: 37928749 PMCID: PMC10625491 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6640103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical sector has made considerable strides recently, emphasizing improving drug delivery methods to increase the bioavailability of various drugs. When used as a medication delivery method, nanoemulsions have multiple benefits. Their small droplet size, which is generally between 20 and 200 nanometers, creates a significant interfacial area for drug dissolution, improving the solubility and bioavailability of drugs that are weakly water-soluble. Additionally, nanoemulsions are a flexible platform for drug administration across various therapeutic areas since they can encapsulate hydrophilic and hydrophobic medicines. Nanoemulsion can be formulated in multiple dosage forms, for example, gels, creams, foams, aerosols, and sprays by using low-cost standard operative processes and also be taken orally, topically, topically, intravenously, intrapulmonary, intranasally, and intraocularly. The article explores nanoemulsion formulation and production methods, emphasizing the role of surfactants and cosurfactants in creating stable formulations. In order to customize nanoemulsions to particular medication delivery requirements, the choice of components and production techniques is crucial in assuring the stability and efficacy of the finished product. Nanoemulsions are a cutting-edge technology with a lot of potential for improving medication bioavailability in a variety of therapeutic contexts. They are a useful tool in the creation of innovative pharmaceutical formulations due to their capacity to enhance drug solubility, stability, and delivery. Nanoemulsions are positioned to play a crucial role in boosting medication delivery and enhancing patient outcomes as this field of study continues to advance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti
- Banasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali Road, Aliyabad, Rajasthan 304022, India
- Gurugram Global College of Pharmacy, Haily Mandi Rd, Farukh Nagar, Haryana 122506, India
| | - Sharda Sambhakar
- Banasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali Road, Aliyabad, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Rohit Malik
- Gurugram Global College of Pharmacy, Haily Mandi Rd, Farukh Nagar, Haryana 122506, India
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, Oman
| | - Chanchal Rani
- Gurugram Global College of Pharmacy, Haily Mandi Rd, Farukh Nagar, Haryana 122506, India
| | - Renu Saharan
- Banasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali Road, Aliyabad, Rajasthan 304022, India
- Maharishi Markandeswar Deemed to be University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana 133203, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Ganpati Institute of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana 135102, India
| | - Geeta
- Banasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali Road, Aliyabad, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Renu Sehrawat
- School of Medical & Allied Sciences, K R Mangalam University, Gurugram, Haryana 122103, India
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7
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De Carvalho Gomes P, Hardy M, Tagger Y, Rickard JJ, Mendes P, Oppenheimer PG. Optimization of Nanosubstrates toward Molecularly Surface-Functionalized Raman Spectroscopy. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:13774-13784. [PMID: 36017358 PMCID: PMC9393890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c03524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Diagnostic advancements require continuous developments of reliable analytical sensors, which can simultaneously fulfill many criteria, including high sensitivity and specificity for a broad range of target analytes. Incorporating the highly sensitive attributes of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) combined with highly specific analyte recognition capabilities via molecular surface functionalization could address major challenges in molecular diagnostics and analytical spectroscopy fields. Herein, we have established a controllable molecular surface functionalization process for a series of textured gold surfaces. To create the molecularly surface-functionalized SERS platforms, self-assembled benzyl-terminated and benzoboroxole-terminated monolayers were used to compare which thicknesses and root-mean-square (RMS) roughness of planar gold produced the most sensitive and specific surfaces. Optimal functionalization was identified at 80 ± 8 nm thickness and 7.2 ± 1.0 nm RMS. These exhibited a considerably higher SERS signal (70-fold) and improved sensitivity for polysaccharides when analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and self-organizing maps (SOM). These findings lay the procedure for establishing the optimal substrate specifications as an essential prerequisite for future studies aiming at developing the feasibility of molecular imprinting for SERS diagnostic applications and the subsequent delivery of advanced, highly selective, and sensitive sensing devices and analytical platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo De Carvalho Gomes
- School of Chemical
Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Mike Hardy
- School of Chemical
Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Yazmin Tagger
- School of Chemical
Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | | | - Paula Mendes
- School of Chemical
Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Pola Goldberg Oppenheimer
- School of Chemical
Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
- Healthcare
Technologies Institute, Translational Medicine, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham B15 2TH, U.K.
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8
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Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) on Biopolymers and Hydrogels for Biotechnological Applications-Possibilities and Limits. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14061267. [PMID: 35335597 PMCID: PMC8949482 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is one of the microscopic techniques with the highest lateral resolution. It can usually be applied in air or even in liquids, enabling the investigation of a broader range of samples than scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which is mostly performed in vacuum. Since it works by following the sample surface based on the force between the scanning tip and the sample, interactions have to be taken into account, making the AFM of irregular samples complicated, but on the other hand it allows measurements of more physical parameters than pure topography. This is especially important for biopolymers and hydrogels used in tissue engineering and other biotechnological applications, where elastic properties, surface charges and other parameters influence mammalian cell adhesion and growth as well as many other effects. This review gives an overview of AFM modes relevant for the investigations of biopolymers and hydrogels and shows several examples of recent applications, focusing on the polysaccharides chitosan, alginate, carrageenan and different hydrogels, but depicting also a broader spectrum of materials on which different AFM measurements are reported in the literature.
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9
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Schillers H, Parot P, Pellequer J. Special collection for the ninth AFM BioMed conference. J Mol Recognit 2022; 35:e2954. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jean‐Luc Pellequer
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) Grenoble France
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10
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Sarkar A. Biosensing, Characterization of Biosensors, and Improved Drug Delivery Approaches Using Atomic Force Microscopy: A Review. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.798928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its invention, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has come forth as a powerful member of the “scanning probe microscopy” (SPM) family and an unparallel platform for high-resolution imaging and characterization for inorganic and organic samples, especially biomolecules, biosensors, proteins, DNA, and live cells. AFM characterizes any sample by measuring interaction force between the AFM cantilever tip (the probe) and the sample surface, and it is advantageous over other SPM and electron micron microscopy techniques as it can visualize and characterize samples in liquid, ambient air, and vacuum. Therefore, it permits visualization of three-dimensional surface profiles of biological specimens in the near-physiological environment without sacrificing their native structures and functions and without using laborious sample preparation protocols such as freeze-drying, staining, metal coating, staining, or labeling. Biosensors are devices comprising a biological or biologically extracted material (assimilated in a physicochemical transducer) that are utilized to yield electronic signal proportional to the specific analyte concentration. These devices utilize particular biochemical reactions moderated by isolated tissues, enzymes, organelles, and immune system for detecting chemical compounds via thermal, optical, or electrical signals. Other than performing high-resolution imaging and nanomechanical characterization (e.g., determining Young’s modulus, adhesion, and deformation) of biosensors, AFM cantilever (with a ligand functionalized tip) can be transformed into a biosensor (microcantilever-based biosensors) to probe interactions with a particular receptors of choice on live cells at a single-molecule level (using AFM-based single-molecule force spectroscopy techniques) and determine interaction forces and binding kinetics of ligand receptor interactions. Targeted drug delivery systems or vehicles composed of nanoparticles are crucial in novel therapeutics. These systems leverage the idea of targeted delivery of the drug to the desired locations to reduce side effects. AFM is becoming an extremely useful tool in figuring out the topographical and nanomechanical properties of these nanoparticles and other drug delivery carriers. AFM also helps determine binding probabilities and interaction forces of these drug delivery carriers with the targeted receptors and choose the better agent for drug delivery vehicle by introducing competitive binding. In this review, we summarize contributions made by us and other researchers so far that showcase AFM as biosensors, to characterize other sensors, to improve drug delivery approaches, and to discuss future possibilities.
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11
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Abstract
Megaloblastic anemia (MA) patients often exhibit hemolysis, but it is not clear whether there are other hemolytic mechanisms in addition to intramedullary hemolysis. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of 124 MA patients, measured erythrocyte physical parameters in two patients with hemolysis and one healthy volunteer by atomic force microscopy, and measured 18F-FDG uptake in one MA patient with hemolysis. In multivariate analysis, hemolysis was associated with mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and indirect bilirubin. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, with sensitivity of 83.1% and specificity of 68.7%, suggested that the MCV cutoff value that predicts hemolysis is 116.4 fL. Hb was negatively correlated with MCV in the hemolysis group (r = −0.317, P = 0.007) but not in the nonhemolysis group. The erythrocyte peak-valley value, average cell surface roughness and surface area in the MA patients with hemolysis were significantly lower than those in controls (P < 0.05). 18F-FDG uptake by the liver and spleen was diffuse and increased in MA patients undergoing hemolysis. MA combined with extramedullary hemolysis could be caused by macrophages removing mechanically damaged erythrocytes and the retention of erythrocytes with decreased deformability when blood circulates through narrow spaces in the liver and spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Junru Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxuan Xu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Beihui Huang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Dong Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
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12
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Smirnov MA, Tolmachev DA, Glova AD, Sokolova MP, Geydt PV, Lukasheva NV, Lyulin SV. Combined Use of Atomic Force Microscopy and Molecular Dynamics in the Study of Biopolymer Systems. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238221020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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13
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Wang L, Wang R, Zhan J, Huang W. High levels of copper retard the growth of
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
by altering cellular morphology and reducing its potential for ethanolic fermentation. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District Beijing100083China
| | - Ronghua Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District Beijing100083China
| | - Jicheng Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District Beijing100083China
| | - Weidong Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Tsinghua East Road 17, Haidian District Beijing100083China
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14
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Redondo-Morata L, Losada-Pérez P, Giannotti MI. Lipid bilayers: Phase behavior and nanomechanics. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2020; 86:1-55. [PMID: 33837691 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lipid membranes are involved in many physiological processes like recognition, signaling, fusion or remodeling of the cell membrane or some of its internal compartments. Within the cell, they are the ultimate barrier, while maintaining the fluidity or flexibility required for a myriad of processes, including membrane protein assembly. The physical properties of in vitro model membranes as model cell membranes have been extensively studied with a variety of techniques, from classical thermodynamics to advanced modern microscopies. Here we review the nanomechanics of solid-supported lipid membranes with a focus in their phase behavior. Relevant information obtained by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) as complementary techniques in the nano/mesoscale interface is presented. Membrane morphological and mechanical characterization will be discussed in the framework of its phase behavior, phase transitions and coexistence, in simple and complex models, and upon the presence of cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Redondo-Morata
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, INSERM U1019, CNRS UMR 8204, Lille, France
| | - Patricia Losada-Pérez
- Experimental Soft Matter and Thermal Physics (EST) Group, Department of Physics, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marina Inés Giannotti
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain; Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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15
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Kaniyala Melanthota S, Banik S, Chakraborty I, Pallen S, Gopal D, Chakrabarti S, Mazumder N. Elucidating the microscopic and computational techniques to study the structure and pathology of SARS-CoVs. Microsc Res Tech 2020; 83:1623-1638. [PMID: 32770582 PMCID: PMC7436590 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronaviruses (SARS‐CoVs), causative of major outbreaks in the past two decades, has claimed many lives all over the world. The virus effectively spreads through saliva aerosols or nasal discharge from an infected person. Currently, no specific vaccines or treatments exist for coronavirus; however, several attempts are being made to develop possible treatments. Hence, it is important to study the viral structure and life cycle to understand its functionality, activity, and infectious nature. Further, such studies can aid in the development of vaccinations against this virus. Microscopy plays an important role in examining the structure and topology of the virus as well as pathogenesis in infected host cells. This review deals with different microscopy techniques including electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, fluorescence microscopy as well as computational methods to elucidate various prospects of this life‐threatening virus. Structural analysis of SARS‐CoVs aids in understanding its nature, activity, and pathophysiology Revealing the surface morphology of SARS‐CoVs using scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy Computational methods help to understand the structure of SARS‐CoVs and their interactions with various inhibitors
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhoora Kaniyala Melanthota
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India
| | - Soumyabrata Banik
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India
| | - Ishita Chakraborty
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India
| | - Sparsha Pallen
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India
| | - Dharshini Gopal
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India
| | - Shweta Chakrabarti
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India
| | - Nirmal Mazumder
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India
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Obeid S, Guyomarc'h F. Atomic force microscopy of food assembly: Structural and mechanical insights at the nanoscale and potential opportunities from other fields. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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Conformationally tuned antibacterial oligomers target the peptidoglycan of Gram-positive bacteria. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 580:850-862. [PMID: 32736272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.07.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The recent rise of antibiotic resistance amongst Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) populations has made treating Staph-based infections a global medical challenge. Therapies that specifically target the peptidoglycan layer of S. aureus have emerged as new treatment avenues, towards which bacteria are less likely to develop resistance. While the majority of antibacterial polymers/oligomers have the ability to disrupt bacterial membranes, the design parameters for the enhanced disruption of peptidoglycan outer layer of Gram-positive bacteria remain unclear. Here, the design of oligomeric structures with favorable conformational characteristics for improved disruption of the peptidoglycan outer layer of Gram-positive bacteria is reported. Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to inform the structure design and composition of cationic oligomers displaying collapsed and expanded conformations. The most promising diblock and triblock cationic oligomers were synthesized by photo-induced atom transfer radical polymerization (photo ATRP). Following synthesis, the diblock and triblock oligomers displayed average antibacterial activity of ~99% and ~98% for S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), respectively, at the highest concentrations tested. Importantly, triblock oligomers with extended conformations showed significantly higher disruption of the peptidoglycan outer layer of S. aureus compared to diblock oligomers with more collapsed conformation, as evidenced by a number of characterization techniques including scanning electron, confocal and atomic force microscopy. This work provides new insight into the structure/property relationship of antibacterial materials and advances the design of functional materials for combating the rise of drug-resistant bacteria.
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Lekka M, Herman K, Zemła J, Bodek Ł, Pyka-Fościak G, Gil D, Dulińska-Litewka J, Ptak A, Laidler P. Probing the recognition specificity of α Vβ 1 integrin and syndecan-4 using force spectroscopy. Micron 2020; 137:102888. [PMID: 32554186 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2020.102888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The knowledge on how cells interact with microenvironment is particularly important in understanding the interaction of cancer cells with surrounding stroma, which affects cell migration, adhesion, and metastasis. The main cell surface receptors responsible for the interaction with extracellular matrix (ECM) are integrins, however, they are not the only ones. Integrins are accompanied to other molecules such as syndecans. The role of the latter has not yet been fully established. In our study, we would like to answer the question of whether integrins and syndecans, possessing similar functions, share also similar unbinding properties. By using single molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS), we conducted measurements of the unbinding properties of αVβ1 and syndecan-4 in the interaction with vitronectin (VN), which, as each ECM protein, possesses two binding sites specific to integrins and syndecans. The unbinding force and the kinetic off rate constant derived from SMFS describe the stability of single molecular complex. Obtained data show one barrier transition for each complex. The proposed model shows that the unbinding of αVβ1 from VN proceeds before the unbinding of SDC-4. However, despite different unbinding kinetics, the access to both receptors is needed for cell growth and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Lekka
- Department of Biophysical Microstructures, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Herman
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Zemła
- Department of Biophysical Microstructures, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, PL-31342 Kraków, Poland
| | - Łukasz Bodek
- M. Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grażyna Pyka-Fościak
- Department of Histology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Gil
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Kraków, Poland
| | - Joanna Dulińska-Litewka
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Kraków, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Ptak
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Laidler
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Kraków, Poland
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Soliman C, Eastwood S, Truong VK, Ramsland PA, Elbourne A. The membrane effects of melittin on gastric and colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224028. [PMID: 31622415 PMCID: PMC6797111 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxic effects of melittin, a bee-venom peptide, have been widely studied towards cancer cells. Typically, these studies have examined the effect of melittin over extended-time courses (6-24 hours), meaning that immediate cellular interactions have been overlooked. In this work, we demonstrate the rapid effects of melittin on both gastric and colorectal cancer, specifically AGS, COLO205 and HCT-15 cell lines, over a period of 15 minutes. Melittin exhibited a dose dependent effect at 4 hours of treatment, with complete cellular death occurring at the highest dose of 20 μg/mL. Interestingly, when observed at shorter time points, melittin induced cellular changes within seconds; membrane damage was observed as swelling, breakage or blebbing. High-resolution imaging revealed treated cells to be compromised, showing clear change in cellular morphology. After 1 minute of melittin treatment, membrane changes were observed, and intracellular material could be seen expelled from the cells. Overall, these results enhance our understanding of the fast acting anti-cancer effects of melittin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Soliman
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campusm Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarah Eastwood
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campusm Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campusm Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne City Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul A. Ramsland
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campusm Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School (Monash University), Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Surgery Austin Health (University of Melbourne), Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aaron Elbourne
- School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora West Campusm Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne City Campus, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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López-Sanz S, Guzmán Bernardo FJ, Rodríguez Martín-Doimeadios RC, Ríos Á. Analytical metrology for nanomaterials: Present achievements and future challenges. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1059:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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21
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Elbourne A, Chapman J, Gelmi A, Cozzolino D, Crawford RJ, Truong VK. Bacterial-nanostructure interactions: The role of cell elasticity and adhesion forces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 546:192-210. [PMID: 30921674 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The attachment of single-celled organisms, namely bacteria and fungi, to abiotic surfaces is of great interest to both the scientific and medical communities. This is because the interaction of such cells has important implications in a range of areas, including biofilm formation, biofouling, antimicrobial surface technologies, and bio-nanotechnologies, as well as infection development, control, and mitigation. While central to many biological phenomena, the factors which govern microbial surface attachment are still not fully understood. This lack of understanding is a direct consequence of the complex nature of cell-surface interactions, which can involve both specific and non-specific interactions. For applications involving micro- and nano-structured surfaces, developing an understanding of such phenomenon is further complicated by the diverse nature of surface architectures, surface chemistry, variation in cellular physiology, and the intended technological output. These factors are extremely important to understand in the emerging field of antibacterial nanostructured surfaces. The aim of this perspective is to re-frame the discussion surrounding the mechanism of nanostructured-microbial surface interactions. Broadly, the article reviews our current understanding of these phenomena, while highlighting the knowledge gaps surrounding the adhesive forces which govern bacterial-nanostructure interactions and the role of cell membrane rigidity in modulating surface activity. The roles of surface charge, cell rigidity, and cell-surface adhesion force in bacterial-surface adsorption are discussed in detail. Presently, most studies have overlooked these areas, which has left many questions unanswered. Further, this perspective article highlights the numerous experimental issues and misinterpretations which surround current studies of antibacterial nanostructured surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Elbourne
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia.
| | - James Chapman
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Amy Gelmi
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Daniel Cozzolino
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Russell J Crawford
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
| | - Vi Khanh Truong
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia
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22
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23
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Pellequer JL, Parot P, Navajas D, Kumar S, Svetličić V, Scheuring S, Hu J, Li B, Engler A, Sousa S, Lekka M, Szymoński M, Schillers H, Odorico M, Lafont F, Janel S, Rico F. Fifteen years of Servitude et Grandeur
to the application of a biophysical technique in medicine: The tale of AFMBioMed. J Mol Recognit 2018; 32:e2773. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Navajas
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia and CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias; Universitat de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Departments of Bioengineering and Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering; University of California, Berkeley; Berkeley California USA
| | | | - Simon Scheuring
- Department of Anesthesiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics; Weill Cornell Medicine; New York City New York USA
| | - Jun Hu
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai China
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Advanced Research Institute; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai China
| | - Adam Engler
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California San Diego; La Jolla California USA
| | - Susana Sousa
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
- INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica; Universidade do Porto; Porto Portugal
- ISEP-Instituto Superior de Engenharia; Politécnico do Porto; Portugal
| | - Małgorzata Lekka
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences; Kraków Poland
| | - Marek Szymoński
- Center for Nanometer-scale Science and Advanced Materials, NANOSAM, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science; Jagiellonian University; Kraków Poland
| | | | - Michael Odorico
- Institut de Chimie Séparative de Marcoule (ICSM), CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, Univ Montpellier, Marcoule; Montpellier France
| | - Frank Lafont
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, CNRS UMR 8204, INSERM U1019, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Univ Lille; Lille France
| | - Sebastien Janel
- Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, CNRS UMR 8204, INSERM U1019, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Univ Lille; Lille France
| | - Felix Rico
- LAI, U1067, Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM; Marseille France
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24
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De Marchi L, Pretti C, Gabriel B, Marques PAAP, Freitas R, Neto V. An overview of graphene materials: Properties, applications and toxicity on aquatic environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 631-632:1440-1456. [PMID: 29727968 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to unique chemical and physical properties, nanomaterials from the Graphene family are being increasingly introduced in all fields of science. The specific roles they can occupy within different applications are attracting increased attention by several industrial sectors. These carbon nanoparticles are released into the environment especially accumulating in aquatic systems. Since the discovery of graphene, a number of research actives are being conducted to find out the toxic potential of the Graphene family materials to different organism's models. Although their toxicity effects are well described for biomedical applications, few data were produced with the specific aim of assessing the toxic effects of these carbon nanomaterials in the aquatic environment. The purpose of this review is to compile up-to-date information on properties, applications and characterization methods of graphene family materials in aquatic environments and identified biological toxic impacts of these NMs, with special focus on graphene oxide based on the most recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia De Marchi
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Pisa 56122, Italy
| | - Bárbara Gabriel
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula A A P Marques
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Victor Neto
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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25
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Shao Y, Qin Z, Alexander Wilks J, Balimunkwe RM, Fisher GJ, Voorhees JJ, Quan T. Physical properties of the photodamaged human skin dermis: Rougher collagen surface and stiffer/harder mechanical properties. Exp Dermatol 2018; 28:914-921. [PMID: 29957839 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Fragmentation of collagen fibrils and aberrant elastic material (solar elastosis) in the dermal extracellular matrix (ECM) is among the most prominent features of photodamaged human skin. These alterations impair the structural integrity and create a dermal microenvironment prone to skin disorders. The objective of this study was to determine the physical properties (surface roughness, stiffness and hardness) of the dermal ECM in photodamaged and subject-matched sun-protected human skin. Skin samples were sectioned and analysed by histology, atomic force microscopy and nanoindentation. Dermal ECM collagen fibrils were more disorganized (ie, rougher surface), and the dermal ECM was stiffer and harder, in photodamaged forearm, compared to sun-protected underarm skin. Cleavage of collagen fibrils in sun-protected underarm dermis by recombinant human matrix metalloproteinase-1 resulted in rougher collagen fibril surface and reduced dermal stiffness and hardness. Degradation of elastotic material in photodamaged skin by treatment with purified neutrophil elastase reduced stiffness and hardness, without altering collagen fibril surface roughness. Additionally, expression of two members of the lysyl oxidase gene family, which insert cross-links that stiffen and harden collagen fibrils, was elevated in photodamaged forearm dermis. These data elucidate the contributions of fragmented collagen fibrils, solar elastosis and elevated collagen cross-linking to the physical properties of the dermal ECM in photodamaged human skin. This new knowledge extends current understanding of the impact of photodamage on the dermal ECM microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Shao
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Zhaoping Qin
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - James Alexander Wilks
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Gary J Fisher
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - John J Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Taihao Quan
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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26
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Lv K, Li Y. Indentation of Graphene-Covered Atomic Force Microscopy Probe Across a Lipid Bilayer Membrane: Effect of Tip Shape, Size, and Surface Hydrophobicity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:7681-7689. [PMID: 29860845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interaction of graphene with cell membranes is crucial to the development of graphene-based biological applications and the management of graphene safety issues. To help reveal the key factors controlling the interaction between graphene and cell membranes, here we adopt the dissipative particle dynamics method to analyze the evolution of interaction force and free energy as the graphene-covered atomic force microscopy (AFM) probe indents across a lipid bilayer. The simulation results show that the graphene-covered AFM probe can cause severe deformation of the cell membrane which drives the lipid molecule to adsorb and diffuse at the surface of graphene. The breakthrough force and free energy are calculated to study the effects of the tip shape, size, and surface hydrophobicity on the piercing behaviors of graphene-covered AFM. In addition, the deformation of cell membrane can decrease the dependency of the breakthrough force on the tip shape. The analysis of surface functionalization suggests that the horizontal patterns on graphene can change the preferred orientation in the penetration process, but the vertical patterns on graphene may disrupt the cell membrane. What's more, the bending stiffness of graphene has little influence on the penetration process as graphene pierces into the cell membrane. These results provide useful guidelines for the molecular design of graphene materials with controllable cell penetrability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Lv
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Yinfeng Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration , Shanghai 200240 , China
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27
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Vielmuth F, Spindler V, Waschke J. Atomic Force Microscopy Provides New Mechanistic Insights into the Pathogenesis of Pemphigus. Front Immunol 2018; 9:485. [PMID: 29643851 PMCID: PMC5883869 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoantibodies binding to the extracellular domains of desmoglein (Dsg) 3 and 1 are critical in the pathogenesis of pemphigus by mechanisms leading to impaired function of desmosomes and blister formation in the epidermis and mucous membranes. Desmosomes are highly organized protein complexes which provide strong intercellular adhesion. Desmosomal cadherins such as Dsgs, proteins of the cadherin superfamily which interact via their extracellular domains in Ca2+-dependent manner, are the transmembrane adhesion molecules clustered within desmosomes. Investigations on pemphigus cover a wide range of experimental approaches including biophysical methods. Especially atomic force microscopy (AFM) has recently been applied increasingly because it allows the analysis of native materials such as cultured cells and tissues under near-physiological conditions. AFM provides information about the mechanical properties of the sample together with detailed interaction analyses of adhesion molecules. With AFM, it was recently demonstrated that autoantibodies directly inhibit Dsg interactions on the surface of living keratinocytes, a phenomenon which has long been considered the main mechanism causing loss of cell cohesion in pemphigus. In addition, AFM allows to study how signaling pathways altered in pemphigus control binding properties of Dsgs. More general, AFM and other biophysical studies recently revealed the importance of keratin filaments for regulation of Dsg binding and keratinocyte mechanical properties. In this mini-review, we reevaluate AFM studies in pemphigus and keratinocyte research, recapitulate what is known about the interaction mechanisms of desmosomal cadherins and discuss the advantages and limitations of AFM in these regards.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jens Waschke
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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28
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Santilli F, Marchisio M, Lanuti P, Boccatonda A, Miscia S, Davì G. Microparticles as new markers of cardiovascular risk in diabetes and beyond. Thromb Haemost 2018; 116:220-34. [DOI: 10.1160/th16-03-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe term microparticle (MP) identifies a heterogeneous population of vesicles playing a relevant role in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases, cancer and metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. MPs are released by virtually all cell types by shedding during cell growth, proliferation, activation, apoptosis or senescence processes. MPs, in particular platelet- and endothelial-derived MPs (PMPs and EMPs), are increased in a wide range of thrombotic disorders, with an interesting relationship between their levels and disease pathophysiology, activity or progression. EMP plasma levels have been associated with several cardiovascular diseases and risk factors. PMPs are also shown to be involved in the progressive formation of atherosclerotic plaque and development of arterial thrombosis, especially in diabetic patients. Indeed, diabetes is characterised by an increased procoagulant state and by a hyperreactive platelet phenotype, with enhanced adhesion, aggregation, and activation. Elevated MP levels, such as TF+ MPs, have been shown to be one of the procoagulant determinants in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Atherosclerotic plaque constitutes an opulent source of sequestered MPs, called “plaque” MPs. Otherwise, circulating MPs represent a TF reservoir, named “blood-borne” TF, challenging the dogma that TF is a constitutive protein expressed in minute amounts. “Blood-borne” TF is mainly harboured by PMPs, and it can be trapped within the developing thrombus. MP detection and enumeration by polychromatic flow cytometry (PFC) have opened interesting perspectives in clinical settings, particularly for the evaluation of MP numbers and phenotypes as independent marker of cardiovascular risk, disease and outcome in diabetic patients.
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29
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Sousa SR, Parot P, Pellequer JL. Seventh International AFMBioMed Conference on AFM in Life Sciences and Medicine, April 11 to 15, 2016, Porto, Portugal. J Mol Recognit 2017; 30. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana R. Sousa
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, INEB-Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica; Universidade do Porto; 4200-135 Porto Portugal
| | - Pierre Parot
- Aix-Marseille Université; CEA, CNRS, BIAM; F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-durance France
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30
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Domínguez Rubio AP, Martínez JH, Martínez Casillas DC, Coluccio Leskow F, Piuri M, Pérez OE. Lactobacillus casei BL23 Produces Microvesicles Carrying Proteins That Have Been Associated with Its Probiotic Effect. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1783. [PMID: 28979244 PMCID: PMC5611436 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Archaea, bacteria, and eukarya secrete membrane microvesicles (MVs) as a mechanism for intercellular communication. We report the isolation and characterization of MVs from the probiotic strain Lactobacillus casei BL23. MVs were characterized using analytical high performance techniques, DLS, AFM and TEM. Similar to what has been described for other Gram-positive bacteria, MVs were on the nanometric size range (30–50 nm). MVs carried cytoplasmic components such as DNA, RNA and proteins. Using a proteomic approach (LC-MS), we identified a total of 103 proteins; 13 exclusively present in the MVs. The MVs content included cell envelope associated and secretory proteins, heat and cold shock proteins, several metabolic enzymes, proteases, structural components of the ribosome, membrane transporters, cell wall-associated hydrolases and phage related proteins. In particular, we identified proteins described as mediators of Lactobacillus’ probiotic effects such as p40, p75 and the product of LCABL_31160, annotated as an adhesion protein. The presence of these proteins suggests a role for the MVs in the bacteria-gastrointestinal cells interface. The expression and further encapsulation of proteins into MVs of GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) bacteria could represent a scientific novelty, with applications in food, nutraceuticals and clinical therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Paula Domínguez Rubio
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jimena H Martínez
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diana C Martínez Casillas
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Centro Nacional de Energía AtómicaBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico Coluccio Leskow
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de LujánBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Piuri
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Oscar E Pérez
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasBuenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Desarrollo Productivo y Tecnológico, Universidad Nacional de LanúsBuenos Aires, Argentina
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Ex-Vivo Force Spectroscopy of Intestinal Mucosa Reveals the Mechanical Properties of Mucus Blankets. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7270. [PMID: 28779181 PMCID: PMC5544714 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07552-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucus is the viscous gel that protects mucosal surfaces. It also plays a crucial role in several diseases as well as in mucosal drug delivery. Because of technical limitations, mucus properties have mainly been addressed by in-vitro studies. However, this approach can lead to artifacts as mucus collection can alter its structure. Here we show that by using an implemented atomic force microscope it is possible to measure the interactions between micro-particles and mucus blankets ex-vivo i.e., on fresh excised mucus-covered tissues. By applying this method to study the small intestine, we were able to quantify the stiffness and adhesiveness of its mucus blanket at different pH values. We also demonstrate the ability of mucus blankets to bind and attract particles hundreds of µm away from their surface, and to trap and bury them even if their size is as big as 15 µm.
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Standardized Nanomechanical Atomic Force Microscopy Procedure (SNAP) for Measuring Soft and Biological Samples. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5117. [PMID: 28698636 PMCID: PMC5505948 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05383-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a procedure that allows a reliable determination of the elastic (Young's) modulus of soft samples, including living cells, by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The standardized nanomechanical AFM procedure (SNAP) ensures the precise adjustment of the AFM optical lever system, a prerequisite for all kinds of force spectroscopy methods, to obtain reliable values independent of the instrument, laboratory and operator. Measurements of soft hydrogel samples with a well-defined elastic modulus using different AFMs revealed that the uncertainties in the determination of the deflection sensitivity and subsequently cantilever's spring constant were the main sources of error. SNAP eliminates those errors by calculating the correct deflection sensitivity based on spring constants determined with a vibrometer. The procedure was validated within a large network of European laboratories by measuring the elastic properties of gels and living cells, showing that its application reduces the variability in elastic moduli of hydrogels down to 1%, and increased the consistency of living cells elasticity measurements by a factor of two. The high reproducibility of elasticity measurements provided by SNAP could improve significantly the applicability of cell mechanics as a quantitative marker to discriminate between cell types and conditions.
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Santos S, Lai CY, Olukan T, Chiesa M. Multifrequency AFM: from origins to convergence. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:5038-5043. [PMID: 28394393 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00993c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Since the inception of the atomic force microscope (AFM) in 1986, influential papers have been presented by the community and tremendous advances have been reported. Being able to routinely image conductive and non-conductive surfaces in air, liquid and vacuum environments with nanoscale, and sometimes atomic, resolution, the AFM has long been perceived by many as the instrument to unlock the nanoscale. From exploiting a basic form of Hooke's law to interpret AFM data to interpreting a seeming zoo of maps in the more advanced multifrequency methods however, an inflection point has been reached. Here, we discuss this evolution, from the fundamental dilemmas that arose in the beginning, to the exploitation of computer sciences, from machine learning to big data, hoping to guide the newcomer and inspire the experimenter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Santos
- Laboratory for Energy and NanoScience (LENS), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Gumí-Audenis B, Costa L, Carlá F, Comin F, Sanz F, Giannotti MI. Structure and Nanomechanics of Model Membranes by Atomic Force Microscopy and Spectroscopy: Insights into the Role of Cholesterol and Sphingolipids. MEMBRANES 2016; 6:E58. [PMID: 27999368 PMCID: PMC5192414 DOI: 10.3390/membranes6040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biological membranes mediate several biological processes that are directly associated with their physical properties but sometimes difficult to evaluate. Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) are model systems widely used to characterize the structure of biological membranes. Cholesterol (Chol) plays an essential role in the modulation of membrane physical properties. It directly influences the order and mechanical stability of the lipid bilayers, and it is known to laterally segregate in rafts in the outer leaflet of the membrane together with sphingolipids (SLs). Atomic force microscope (AFM) is a powerful tool as it is capable to sense and apply forces with high accuracy, with distance and force resolution at the nanoscale, and in a controlled environment. AFM-based force spectroscopy (AFM-FS) has become a crucial technique to study the nanomechanical stability of SLBs by controlling the liquid media and the temperature variations. In this contribution, we review recent AFM and AFM-FS studies on the effect of Chol on the morphology and mechanical properties of model SLBs, including complex bilayers containing SLs. We also introduce a promising combination of AFM and X-ray (XR) techniques that allows for in situ characterization of dynamic processes, providing structural, morphological, and nanomechanical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Gumí-Audenis
- Nanoprobes and Nanoswitches group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona 08028, Spain.
- Physical Chemistry Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble 38043, France.
- Networking Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28028, Spain.
| | - Luca Costa
- Structure and Dynamics of Nucleoproteic and Membrane Assemblies, Centre de Biochimie Structurale (CBS), Montpellier 34090, France.
| | - Francesco Carlá
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble 38043, France.
| | - Fabio Comin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble 38043, France.
| | - Fausto Sanz
- Nanoprobes and Nanoswitches group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona 08028, Spain.
- Physical Chemistry Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
- Networking Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28028, Spain.
| | - Marina I Giannotti
- Nanoprobes and Nanoswitches group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalunya (IBEC), Barcelona 08028, Spain.
- Physical Chemistry Department, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
- Networking Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid 28028, Spain.
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35
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Costa L, Andriatis A, Brennich M, Teulon JM, Chen SWW, Pellequer JL, Round A. Combined small angle X-ray solution scattering with atomic force microscopy for characterizing radiation damage on biological macromolecules. BMC STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2016; 16:18. [PMID: 27788689 PMCID: PMC5081678 DOI: 10.1186/s12900-016-0068-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synchrotron radiation facilities are pillars of modern structural biology. Small-Angle X-ray scattering performed at synchrotron sources is often used to characterize the shape of biological macromolecules. A major challenge with high-energy X-ray beam on such macromolecules is the perturbation of sample due to radiation damage. RESULTS By employing atomic force microscopy, another common technique to determine the shape of biological macromolecules when deposited on flat substrates, we present a protocol to evaluate and characterize consequences of radiation damage. It requires the acquisition of images of irradiated samples at the single molecule level in a timely manner while using minimal amounts of protein. The protocol has been tested on two different molecular systems: a large globular tetremeric enzyme (β-Amylase) and a rod-shape plant virus (tobacco mosaic virus). Radiation damage on the globular enzyme leads to an apparent increase in molecular sizes whereas the effect on the long virus is a breakage into smaller pieces resulting in a decrease of the average long-axis radius. CONCLUSIONS These results show that radiation damage can appear in different forms and strongly support the need to check the effect of radiation damage at synchrotron sources using the presented protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Costa
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38000 France
- Present Address: CBS, Centre de Biochimie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5048-INSERM UMR 1054, 29, Rue de Navacelles, Montpellier, 34090 France
| | - Alexander Andriatis
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38000 France
- MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, 02139 MA USA
| | - Martha Brennich
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38000 France
| | - Jean-Marie Teulon
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38044 France
- CNRS, IBS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38044 France
- CEA, IBS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France
| | - Shu-wen W. Chen
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38044 France
- CNRS, IBS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38044 France
- CEA, IBS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Luc Pellequer
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38044 France
- CNRS, IBS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38044 France
- CEA, IBS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France
| | - Adam Round
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38000 France
- Unit for Virus Host-Cell Interactions, Univ. Grenoble Alpes-EMBL-CNRS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38000 France
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire UK
- Present Address: European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, Schenefeld, 22869 Germany
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Zhang XF, Liu ZG, Shen W, Gurunathan S. Silver Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, Properties, Applications, and Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1534. [PMID: 27649147 PMCID: PMC5037809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1128] [Impact Index Per Article: 141.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology radically changed the way we diagnose, treat, and prevent various diseases in all aspects of human life. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the most vital and fascinating nanomaterials among several metallic nanoparticles that are involved in biomedical applications. AgNPs play an important role in nanoscience and nanotechnology, particularly in nanomedicine. Although several noble metals have been used for various purposes, AgNPs have been focused on potential applications in cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we discuss the synthesis of AgNPs using physical, chemical, and biological methods. We also discuss the properties of AgNPs and methods for their characterization. More importantly, we extensively discuss the multifunctional bio-applications of AgNPs; for example, as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-cancer agents, and the mechanism of the anti-cancer activity of AgNPs. In addition, we discuss therapeutic approaches and challenges for cancer therapy using AgNPs. Finally, we conclude by discussing the future perspective of AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Feng Zhang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Zhi-Guo Liu
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China.
| | - Wei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Germplasm Enhancement in Universities of Shandong, College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea.
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38
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Engler AJ, Parot P, Pellequer JL. Sixth International AFM BioMed Conference on AFM in life sciences and medicine, December 13 to 17, 2014, San Diego, California. J Mol Recognit 2016; 29:404-5. [DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Engler
- Department of Bioengineering; University of California; San Diego California USA
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Ekpenyong AE, Toepfner N, Chilvers ER, Guck J. Mechanotransduction in neutrophil activation and deactivation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015. [PMID: 26211453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanotransduction refers to the processes through which cells sense mechanical stimuli by converting them to biochemical signals and, thus, eliciting specific cellular responses. Cells sense mechanical stimuli from their 3D environment, including the extracellular matrix, neighboring cells and other mechanical forces. Incidentally, the emerging concept of mechanical homeostasis,long term or chronic regulation of mechanical properties, seems to apply to neutrophils in a peculiar manner, owing to neutrophils' ability to dynamically switch between the activated/primed and deactivated/deprimed states. While neutrophil activation has been known for over a century, its deactivation is a relatively recent discovery. Even more intriguing is the reversibility of neutrophil activation and deactivation. We review and critically evaluate recent findings that suggest physiological roles for neutrophil activation and deactivation and discuss possible mechanisms by which mechanical stimuli can drive the oscillation of neutrophils between the activated and resting states. We highlight several molecules that have been identified in neutrophil mechanotransduction, including cell adhesion and transmembrane receptors, cytoskeletal and ion channel molecules. The physiological and pathophysiological implications of such mechanically induced signal transduction in neutrophils are highlighted as a basis for future work. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Ekpenyong
- Department of Physics, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicole Toepfner
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Edwin R Chilvers
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke's and Papworth Hospitals, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jochen Guck
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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40
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Bernaud J, Castelnovo M, Muriaux D, Faivre-Moskalenko C. [Atomic force microscopy: a tool to analyze the viral cycle]. Med Sci (Paris) 2015; 31:522-8. [PMID: 26059303 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20153105014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Each step of the HIV-1 life cycle frequently involves a change in the morphology and/or mechanical properties of the viral particle or core. The atomic force microscope (AFM) constitutes a powerful tool for characterizing these physical changes at the scale of a single virus. Indeed, AFM enables the visualization of viral capsids in a controlled physiological environment and to probe their mechanical properties by nano-indentation. Finally, AFM force spectroscopy allows to characterize the affinities between viral envelope proteins and cell receptors at the single molecule level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bernaud
- Laboratoire de physique, CNRS UMR 5672, Ecole normale supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Martin Castelnovo
- Laboratoire de physique, CNRS UMR 5672, Ecole normale supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
| | - Delphine Muriaux
- Centre d'étude d'agents pathogènes et biotechnologie pour la santé, CNRS UMR 5236, 1919, route de Mende, 34 293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Cendrine Faivre-Moskalenko
- Laboratoire de physique, CNRS UMR 5672, Ecole normale supérieure de Lyon, 46, allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
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41
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Wu Y, Sims RC, Zhou A. AFM resolves effects of ethambutol on nanomechanics and nanostructures of single dividing mycobacteria in real-time. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 16:19156-64. [PMID: 24965038 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp01317d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nanomechanics and nanostructures of dividing and anti-mycobacterial drug treated mycobacterium remain to be fully elucidated. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a promising nanotechnology tool for characterization of these dynamic alterations, especially at the single cell level. In this work, single dividing mycobacterium JLS (M.JLS) before and after anti-mycobacterial drug (ethambutol, EMB) treatment was in situ quantitatively analyzed, suggesting that nanomechanics would be referred as a sensitive indicator for evaluating efficacy of anti-mycobacterial drugs. Dynamic evidence on the contractile ring and septal furrow of dividing M.JLS implied that inhibition of contractile ring formation would be a crucial process for EMB to disturb M.JLS division. These results could facilitate further explaining the regulation mechanism of the contractile ring as well as nanomechanical roles of the cell wall in the course of mycobacterial division. This work describe a new way for further elucidating the mechanisms of mycobacterial division and anti-mycobacterial drug action, as well as the drug-resistance developing mechanism of pathogenic mycobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzhe Wu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, 4105 Old Main Hill, Logan, Utah 84322-4105, USA.
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42
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Platelet microparticle: A sensitive physiological “fine tuning” balancing factor in health and disease. Transfus Apher Sci 2015; 52:12-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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43
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An S, Solares SD, Santos S, Ebeling D. Energy transfer between eigenmodes in multimodal atomic force microscopy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 25:475701. [PMID: 25369864 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/25/47/475701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We present experimental and computational investigations of tetramodal and pentamodal atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively, whereby the first four or five flexural eigenmodes of the cantilever are simultaneously excited externally. This leads to six to eight additional observables in the form of amplitude and phase signals, with respect to the monomodal amplitude modulation method. We convert these additional observables into three or four dissipation and virial expressions, and show that these quantities can provide enhanced contrast that would otherwise remain hidden in the original observables. We also show that the complexity of the multimodal impact leads to significant energy transfer between the active eigenmodes, such that the dissipated power for individual eigenmodes may be positive or negative, while the total dissipated power remains positive. These results suggest that the contrast of individual eigenmodes in multifrequency AFM should be not be considered in isolation and that it may be possible to use different eigenfrequencies to probe sample properties that respond to different relaxation times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangmin An
- Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA. Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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44
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Wu N, Wang Q, Zhou X, Jia SS, Fan Y, Hu J, Li B. Probing tethered targets of a single biomolecular complex with atomic force microscopy. J Mol Recognit 2014; 26:700-4. [PMID: 24277616 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
DNA origami shows tremendous promise as templates for the assembly of nano-components and detection of molecular recognition events. So far, the method of choice for evaluating these structures has been atomic force microscopy (AFM), a powerful tool for imaging nanoscale objects. In most cases, tethered targets on DNA origami have proven to be highly effective samples for investigation. Still, while maximal assembly of the nanostructures might benefit from the greatest flexibility in the tether, AFM imaging requires a sufficient stability of the adsorbed components. The balance between the tether flexibility and sample stability is a major, poorly understood, concern in such studies. Here, we investigated the dependence of the tethering length on molecular capture events monitored by AFM. In our experiments, single biotin molecules were attached to DNA origami templates with various linker lengths of thymidine nucleotides, and their interaction with streptavidin was observed with AFM. Our results show that the streptavidin-biotin complexes are easily detected with short tethered lengths, and that their morphological features clearly change with the tethering length. We identify the functionally useful tether lengths for these investigations, which are also expected to prove useful in the construction and further application of DNA origami in bio-nanotechnology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wu
- Division of Physical Biology, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China
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45
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Stefanutti E, Papacci F, Sennato S, Bombelli C, Viola I, Bonincontro A, Bordi F, Mancini G, Gigli G, Risuleo G. Cationic liposomes formulated with DMPC and a gemini surfactant traverse the cell membrane without causing a significant bio-damage. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1838:2646-55. [PMID: 25017801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cationic liposomes have been intensively studied both in basic and applied research because of their promising potential as non-viral molecular vehicles. This work was aimed to gain more information on the interactions between the plasmamembrane and liposomes formed by a natural phospholipid and a cationic surfactant of the gemini family. The present work was conducted with the synergistic use of diverse experimental approaches: electro-rotation measurements, atomic force microscopy, ζ-potential measurements, laser scanning confocal microscopy and biomolecular/cellular techniques. Electro-rotation measurements pointed out that the interaction of cationic liposomes with the cell membrane alters significantly its dielectric and geometric parameters. This alteration, being accompanied by significant changes of the membrane surface roughness as measured by atomic force microscopy, suggests that the interaction with the liposomes causes locally substantial modifications to the structure and morphology of the cell membrane. However, the results of electrophoretic mobility (ζ-potential) experiments show that upon the interaction the electric charge exposed on the cell surface does not vary significantly, pointing out that the simple adhesion on the cell surface of the cationic liposomes or their fusion with the membrane is to be ruled out. As a matter of fact, confocal microscopy images directly demonstrated the penetration of the liposomes inside the cell and their diffusion within the cytoplasm. Electro-rotation experiments performed in the presence of endocytosis inhibitors suggest that the internalization is mediated by, at least, one specific pathway. Noteworthy, the liposome uptake by the cell does not cause a significant biological damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Stefanutti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - F Papacci
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - S Sennato
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy; dCNR-IPCF, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - C Bombelli
- CNR, Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche and Dipartimento di Chimica Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - I Viola
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, Institute Nanoscience-CNR (NNL, CNR-NANO), I-73100 Lecce, Italy and c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A Bonincontro
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - F Bordi
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy; dCNR-IPCF, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy; Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena, 291-00161 Roma, Italy
| | - G Mancini
- CNR, Istituto di Metodologie Chimiche and Dipartimento di Chimica Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - G Gigli
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory, Institute Nanoscience-CNR (NNL, CNR-NANO), I-73100 Lecce, Italy and c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 2, 00185 Roma, Italy; Università del Salento, Dip. di Matematica e Fisica Ennio de Giorgi and Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Lecce, Italy
| | - G Risuleo
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie, Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
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46
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Lin PC, Lin S, Wang PC, Sridhar R. Techniques for physicochemical characterization of nanomaterials. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:711-26. [PMID: 24252561 PMCID: PMC4024087 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Advances in nanotechnology have opened up a new era of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases and traumatic injuries. Nanomaterials, including those with potential for clinical applications, possess novel physicochemical properties that have an impact on their physiological interactions, from the molecular level to the systemic level. There is a lack of standardized methodologies or regulatory protocols for detection or characterization of nanomaterials. This review summarizes the techniques that are commonly used to study the size, shape, surface properties, composition, purity and stability of nanomaterials, along with their advantages and disadvantages. At present there are no FDA guidelines that have been developed specifically for nanomaterial based formulations for diagnostic or therapeutic use. There is an urgent need for standardized protocols and procedures for the characterization of nanoparticles, especially those that are intended for use as theranostics.
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MESH Headings
- Chemistry, Physical/methods
- Circular Dichroism
- Contrast Media/chemistry
- Humans
- Light
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Mass Spectrometry
- Microscopy, Atomic Force
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
- Microscopy, Scanning Tunneling
- Molecular Imaging/methods
- Nanomedicine/methods
- Nanoparticles/chemistry
- Nanostructures/chemistry
- Nanotechnology/methods
- Nanotechnology/trends
- Scattering, Radiation
- Spectrometry, Fluorescence
- Spectrophotometry, Infrared
- Spectrum Analysis, Raman
- Surface Properties
- Technology, Pharmaceutical/methods
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chang Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060, USA
| | - Stephen Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060, USA
| | - Paul C Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060, USA
| | - Rajagopalan Sridhar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Howard University, Washington, DC 20060, USA.
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Lamprecht C, Hinterdorfer P, Ebner A. Applications of biosensing atomic force microscopy in monitoring drug and nanoparticle delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:1237-53. [PMID: 24809228 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.917078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The therapeutic effects of medicinal drugs not only depend on their properties, but also on effective transport to the target receptor. Here we highlight recent developments in this discipline and show applications of atomic force microscopy (AFM) that enable us to track the effects of drugs and the effectiveness of nanoparticle delivery at the single molecule level. AREAS COVERED Physiological AFM imaging enables visualization of topographical changes to cells as a result of drug exposure and allows observation of cellular responses that yield morphological changes. When we upgrade the regular measuring tip to a molecular biosensor, it enables investigation of functional changes at the molecular level via single molecule force spectroscopy. EXPERT OPINION Biosensing AFM techniques have generated powerful tools to monitor drug delivery in (living) cells. While technical developments in actual AFM methods have simplified measurements at relevant physiological conditions, understanding both the biological and technical background is still a crucial factor. However, due to its potential impact, we expect the number of application-based biosensing AFM techniques to further increase in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Lamprecht
- University of Kiel, Institute of Materials Science Biocompatible Nanomaterials , Kaiserstr.2, 24143 Kiel , Germany
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48
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Burnouf T, Goubran HA, Chou ML, Devos D, Radosevic M. Platelet microparticles: detection and assessment of their paradoxical functional roles in disease and regenerative medicine. Blood Rev 2014; 28:155-66. [PMID: 24826991 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing research on and clinical interest in the physiological role played by platelet microparticles (PMPs). PMPs are 0.1-1-μm fragments shed from plasma membranes of platelets that are undergoing activation, stress, or apoptosis. They have a phospholipid-based structure and express functional receptors from platelet membranes. As they are the most abundant microparticles in the blood and they express the procoagulant phosphatidylserine, PMPs likely complement, if not amplify, the functions of platelets in hemostasis, thrombosis, cancer, and inflammation, but also act as promoters of tissue regeneration. Their size and structure make them instrumental in platelet-cell communications as a delivery tool of platelet-borne bioactive molecules including growth factors, other signaling molecules and micro (mi)RNA. PMPs can therefore be a pathophysiological threat or benefit to the cellular environment when interacting with the blood vasculature. There is also increasing evidence that PMP generation is triggered during blood collection, separation into components, and storage, a phenomenon potentially leading to thrombotic and inflammatory side effects in transfused patients. Evaluating PMPs requires strict pre-analytical and analytical procedures to avoid artifactual generation and ensure accurate assessment of the number, size repartitioning, and functional properties. This review describes the physical and functional methods developed for analyzing and quantifying PMPs. It then presents the functional roles of PMPs as markers or triggers of diseases like thrombosis, atherosclerosis, and cancer, and discusses the possible detrimental immunological impact of their generation in blood components. Finally we review the potential function of PMPs in tissue regeneration and the prospects for their use in therapeutic strategies for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hadi Alphonse Goubran
- Saskatoon Cancer Centre and College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
| | - Ming-Li Chou
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David Devos
- Service de Pharmacologie Médicale, EA 1046, Faculté de Médecine de Lille, Service de Neurologie, CHRU de Lille, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
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Daar E, Kaabar W, Woods E, Lei C, Nisbet A, Bradley D. Atomic force microscopy and mechanical testing of bovine pericardium irradiated to radiotherapy doses. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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50
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Meillan M, Ramin MA, Buffeteau T, Marsaudon S, Odorico M, Chen SWW, Pellequer JL, Degueil M, Heuzé K, Vellutini L, Bennetau B. Self-assembled monolayer for AFM measurements of Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) at the atomic level. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra46716c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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