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Sango-Solanas P, Tse Ve Koon K, Van Reeth E, Nicolle S, Palierne JF, Caussy C, Beuf O. Ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance elastography for quantification of the mechanical properties of short T2 tissues via optimal control-based radiofrequency pulses. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024:e5210. [PMID: 38993021 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the current study is to demonstrate the feasibility of radiofrequency (RF) pulses generated via an optimal control (OC) algorithm to perform magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and quantify the mechanical properties of materials with very short transverse relaxation times (T2 < 5 ms) for the first time. OC theory applied to MRE provides RF pulses that bring isochromats from the equilibrium state to a fixed target state, which corresponds to the phase pattern of a conventional MRE acquisition. Such RF pulses applied with a constant gradient allow to simultaneously perform slice selection and motion encoding in the slice direction. Unlike conventional MRE, no additional motion-encoding gradients (MEGs) are needed, enabling shorter echo times. OC pulses were implemented both in turbo spin echo (OC rapid acquisition with refocused echoes [RARE]) and ultrashort echo time (OC UTE) sequences to compare their motion-encoding efficiency with the conventional MEG encoding (classical MEG MRE). MRE experiments were carried out on agar phantoms with very short T2 values and on an ex vivo bovine tendon. Magnitude images, wave field images, phase-to-noise ratio (PNR), and shear storage modulus maps were compared between OC RARE, OC UTE, and classical MEG MRE in samples with different T2 values. Shear storage modulus values of the agar phantoms were in agreement with values found in the literature, and that of the bovine tendon was corroborated with rheometry measurements. Only the OC sequences could encode motion in very short T2 samples, and only OC UTE sequences yielded magnitude images enabling proper visualization of short T2 samples and tissues. The OC UTE sequence produced the best PNRs, demonstrating its ability to perform anatomical and mechanical characterization. Its success warrants in vivo confirmation in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Sango-Solanas
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Inserm, UCBL1, CNRS, CREATIS, UMR 5220, U1294, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Kevin Tse Ve Koon
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Inserm, UCBL1, CNRS, CREATIS, UMR 5220, U1294, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eric Van Reeth
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Inserm, UCBL1, CNRS, CREATIS, UMR 5220, U1294, Villeurbanne, France
- CPE Lyon, Département Sciences du Numérique, Lyon, France
| | - Stéphane Nicolle
- Univ Lyon, Univ Gustave Eiffel, Univ Claude Bernard Lyon 1, LBMC UMR_T 9406, Lyon, France
| | | | - Cyrielle Caussy
- Univ Lyon, CarMen Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Département Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Olivier Beuf
- Univ Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Inserm, UCBL1, CNRS, CREATIS, UMR 5220, U1294, Villeurbanne, France
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Vargas-Ursúa F, Ramos-Hernández C, Pazos-Area LA, Fernández-Granda I, Rodríguez-Otero I, Gómez-Corredoira E, Pintos-Louro M, Fernández-Villar A. Current evidence for lung ultrasound elastography in the field of pneumology: a systematic review. ERJ Open Res 2024; 10:00081-2024. [PMID: 39010887 PMCID: PMC11247369 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00081-2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Elastography is a technology that has strongly impacted several medical specialties; however, it is not yet applied as part of standard clinical practice in the field of pulmonology. The objective of this systematic review is to analyse the evidence available to date in relation to pleuropulmonary ultrasound elastography, focusing on the three pathologies with the most publications: subpleural consolidations, interstitial lung diseases and pleural effusion. Methods Original in vivo studies published up until 12 August 2023 in the Embase, MEDLINE or Web of Science databases were included. The QUADAS-2 tool was applied to analyse bias. Results We found 613 records in database search. After duplicates removal, we screened 246 records and finally included 18 papers. The average cohort sample size was 109 patients. The elastography modes most frequently used were strain (22.2%), transient elastography (22.2%), point shear-wave elastography (38.9%) and two-dimensional shear-wave elastography (22.2%). The possibility of a meta-analysis was ruled out because of the heterogeneity of the studies included. Discussion The currently available literature indicates that pleuropulmonary ultrasound elastography produces promising and consistent results, although the lack of standardisation in the use of the technique and in the elastography modes employed still impedes its use in daily clinical pneumology practice. The development of a clinical guideline establishing a common nomenclature and standardised techniques for pleuropulmonary elastography will be imperative to generate quality scientific evidence in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Vargas-Ursúa
- Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitario Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
- NeumoVigo I+i Research Group, Southern Galician Institute of Health Research (IISGS), Vigo, Spain
| | - Cristina Ramos-Hernández
- Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitario Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
- NeumoVigo I+i Research Group, Southern Galician Institute of Health Research (IISGS), Vigo, Spain
| | - Luis Alberto Pazos-Area
- Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitario Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
- NeumoVigo I+i Research Group, Southern Galician Institute of Health Research (IISGS), Vigo, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Manuel Pintos-Louro
- Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitario Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
| | - Alberto Fernández-Villar
- Respiratory Department, Hospital Universitario Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Spain
- NeumoVigo I+i Research Group, Southern Galician Institute of Health Research (IISGS), Vigo, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBER en Enfermedades Respiratorias), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Kuriyama S, Thasaneeya K, Itoh G, Kidoaki S, Tanaka M. Glyoxal-methyl-ethylene sulfonic acid fixative enhances the fixation of cytoskeletal structures for Förster resonance energy transfer measurements. Histochem Cell Biol 2024:10.1007/s00418-024-02304-x. [PMID: 38880796 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-024-02304-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) serves as a tool for measuring protein-protein interactions using various sensor molecules. The tension sensor module relies on FRET technology. In our study, this module was inserted within the actinin molecule to measure the surface tension of the cells. Given that the decay curve of FRET efficiency correlates with surface tension increase, precise and accurate efficiency measurement becomes crucial. Among the methods of FRET measurements, FRET efficiency remains the most accurate if sample fixation is successful. However, when cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA), the actinin-FRET sensor diffused across the cytoplasm; this prompted us to explore fixation method enhancements. Glyoxal fixative has been reported to improve cytoskeletal morphologies compared to PFA. However, it was not known whether glyoxal fits FRET measurements. Glyoxal necessitates an acetic acid solution for fixation; however, acidic conditions could compromise fluorescence stability. We observed that the pH working range of glyoxal fixative aligns closely with MES (methyl-ethylene sulfonic acid) Good's buffer. Initially, we switched the acidic solution for MES buffer and optimized the fixation procedure for in vitro and in vivo FRET imaging. By comparing FRET measurements on hydrogels with known stiffness to tumor nodules in mouse lung, we estimated in vivo stiffness. The estimated stiffness of cancerous tissue was harder than the reported stiffness of smooth muscle. This discovery shed lights on how cancer cells perceive environmental stiffness during metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sei Kuriyama
- Department Molecular Medicine & Biochemistry, Akita University Fac. & Grad. Sch. Med, Akita City, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
| | - Kuboki Thasaneeya
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Division Biomolecular Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-Oka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Go Itoh
- Department Molecular Medicine & Biochemistry, Akita University Fac. & Grad. Sch. Med, Akita City, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
| | - Satoru Kidoaki
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Division Biomolecular Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-Oka, Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Tanaka
- Department Molecular Medicine & Biochemistry, Akita University Fac. & Grad. Sch. Med, Akita City, Akita, 010-8543, Japan
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Akter T, Atanelishvili I, Silver RM, Bogatkevich GS. IQGAP1 Regulates Actin Polymerization and Contributes to Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5244. [PMID: 38791282 PMCID: PMC11121427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We previously found IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein (IQGAP1) to be consistently elevated in lung fibroblasts (LF) isolated from patients with scleroderma (systemic sclerosis, SSc)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) and reported that IQGAP1 contributed to SSc by regulating expression and organization of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) in LF. The aim of this study was to compare the development of ILD in the presence and absence of IQGAP1. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced in IQGAP1 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice by a single-intratracheal instillation of bleomycin. Two and three weeks later, mice were euthanized and investigated. We observed that the IQGAP1 KO mouse was characterized by a reduced rate of actin polymerization with reduced accumulation of actin in the lung compared to the WT mouse. After exposure to bleomycin, the IQGAP1 KO mouse demonstrated decreased contractile activity of LF, reduced expression of SMA, TGFβ, and collagen, and lowered overall fibrosis scores compared to the WT mouse. The numbers of inflammatory cells and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lung tissue were not significantly different between IQGAP1 KO and WT mice. We conclude that IQGAP1 plays an important role in the development of lung fibrosis induced by bleomycin, and the absence of IQGAP1 reduces the contractile activity of lung fibroblast and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Thus, IQGAP1 may be a potential target for novel anti-fibrotic therapies for lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Galina S. Bogatkevich
- Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Suite 912, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (T.A.); (I.A.); (R.M.S.)
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Burgess JK, Gosens R. Mechanotransduction and the extracellular matrix: Key drivers of lung pathologies and drug responsiveness. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116255. [PMID: 38705536 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The lung is a biomechanically active organ, with multiscale mechanical forces impacting the organ, tissue and cellular responses within this microenvironment. In chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary fibrosis and others, the structure of the lung is drastically altered impeding gas exchange. These changes are, in part, reflected in alterations in the composition, amount and organization of the extracellular matrix within the different lung compartments. The transmission of mechanical forces within lung tissue are broadcast by this complex mix of extracellular matrix components, in particular the collagens, elastin and proteoglycans and the crosslinking of these components. At both a macro and a micro level, the mechanical properties of the microenvironment have a key regulatory role in ascertaining cellular responses and the function of the lung. Cells adhere to, and receive signals from, the extracellular matrix through a number of different surface receptors and complexes which are important for mechanotransduction. This review summarizes the multiscale mechanics in the lung and how the mechanical environment changes in lung disease and aging. We then examine the role of mechanotransduction in driving cell signaling events in lung diseases and finish with a future perspective of the need to consider how such forces may impact pharmacological responsiveness in lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette K Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, the Netherlands; University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Masud AA, Liu J. Ultrasonic surface acoustic wave elastography: A review of basic theories, technical developments, and medical applications. Med Phys 2024; 51:3220-3244. [PMID: 38597908 DOI: 10.1002/mp.17063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Physiological and pathological changes in tissues often cause changes in tissue mechanical properties, making tissue elastography an effective modality in medical imaging. Among the existing elastography methods, ultrasound elastography is of great interest due to the inherent advantages of ultrasound imaging technology, such as low cost, portability, safety, and wide availability. However, most current ultrasound elastography methods are based on the bulk shear wave; they can image deep tissues but cannot image superficial tissues. To address this challenge, ultrasonic elastography methods based on surface acoustic waves have been proposed. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of ultrasound-based surface acoustic wave elastography techniques, including their theoretical foundations, technical implementations, and existing medical applications. The goal is to provide a concise summary of the state-of-the-art of this field, hoping to offer a reliable reference for the further development of these techniques and foster the expansion of their medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Al Masud
- Biomedical Acoustics Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Jingfei Liu
- Biomedical Acoustics Research Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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Lee HJ, Cho SB, Lee JK, Kim JS, Oh CH, Kim HJ, Yoon H, Ahn HK, Kim M, Hwang YG, Kwon HY, Hwang MJ. The feasibility of MR elastography with transpelvic vibration for localization of focal prostate lesion. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3864. [PMID: 38366042 PMCID: PMC10873507 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54341-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of MR elastography (MRE) using a transpelvic approach. Thirty-one patients who underwent prostate MRE and had a pathological diagnosis were included in this study. MRE was obtained using a passive driver placed at the umbilicus and iliac crests. The shear stiffness, clinical data, and conventional imaging findings of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were compared. Inter-reader agreements were evaluated using the intraclass coefficient class (ICC). Prostate MRE was successfully performed for all patients (100% technical success rate). Nineteen cancer and 10 BPH lesions were visualized on MRE. The mean shear stiffness of cancer was significantly higher than that of BPH (5.99 ± 1.46 kPa vs. 4.67 ± 1.54 kPa, p = 0.045). One cancer was detected on MRE but not on conventional sequences. Six tiny cancer lesions were not visualized on MRE. The mean size of cancers that were not detected on MRE was smaller than that of cancers that were visible on MRE (0.8 ± 0.3 cm vs. 2.3 ± 1.8 cm, p = 0.001). The inter-reader agreement for interpreting MRE was excellent (ICC = 0.95). Prostate MRE with transpelvic vibration is feasible without intracavitary actuators. Transpelvic prostate MRE is reliable for detecting focal lesions, including clinically significant prostate cancer and BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Jeong Lee
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Buem Cho
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jeong Kyong Lee
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Sil Kim
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Hoon Oh
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hana Yoon
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Ahn
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myong Kim
- Department of Urology, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeok Gu Hwang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Young Kwon
- Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
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Rojas-Ruiz A, Boucher M, Gill R, Gélinas L, Tom FQ, Fereydoonzad L, Graham P, Soliz J, Bossé Y. Lung stiffness of C57BL/6 versus BALB/c mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17481. [PMID: 37838793 PMCID: PMC10576825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine whether a smaller lung volume or a stiffer lung tissue accounts for the greater lung elastance of C57BL/6 than BALB/c mice. The mechanical properties of the respiratory system and lung volumes were measured with the flexiVent and compared between male C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice (n = 9). The size of the excised lung was also measured by volume liquid displacement. One lobe was then subjected to sinusoidal strains in vitro to directly assess the mechanical properties of the lung tissue, and another one was used to quantify the content of hydroxyproline. In vivo elastance was markedly greater in C57BL/6 than BALB/c mice based on 5 different readouts. For example, respiratory system elastance was 24.5 ± 1.7 vs. 21.5 ± 2.4 cmH2O/mL in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, respectively (p = 0.007). This was not due to a different lung volume measured by displaced liquid volume. On the isolated lobes, both elastance and the hydroxyproline content were significantly greater in C57BL/6 than BALB/c mice. These results suggest that the lung elastance of C57BL/6 mice is greater than BALB/c mice not because of a smaller lung volume but because of a stiffer lung tissue due to a greater content of collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Rojas-Ruiz
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ)-Université Laval, Pavillon A, room 2089, 2725, chemin Sainte-Foy, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Magali Boucher
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ)-Université Laval, Pavillon A, room 2089, 2725, chemin Sainte-Foy, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Rebecka Gill
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ)-Université Laval, Pavillon A, room 2089, 2725, chemin Sainte-Foy, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Louis Gélinas
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ)-Université Laval, Pavillon A, room 2089, 2725, chemin Sainte-Foy, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Fun-Qun Tom
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ)-Université Laval, Pavillon A, room 2089, 2725, chemin Sainte-Foy, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | | | | | - Jorge Soliz
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ)-Université Laval, Pavillon A, room 2089, 2725, chemin Sainte-Foy, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Ynuk Bossé
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec (IUCPQ)-Université Laval, Pavillon A, room 2089, 2725, chemin Sainte-Foy, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada.
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Yang X, Yu P, Xu W, Sun H, Duan J, Han Y, Zhu L, Xie B, Geng J, Luo S, Wang S, Ren Y, Zhang R, Liu M, Dai H, Wang C. Elastic Registration Algorithm Based on Three-dimensional Pulmonary MRI in Quantitative Assessment of Severity of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Thorac Imaging 2023; 38:00005382-990000000-00090. [PMID: 37732685 PMCID: PMC10597429 DOI: 10.1097/rti.0000000000000735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantitatively analyze lung elasticity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) using elastic registration based on 3-dimensional pulmonary magnetic resonance imaging (3D-PMRI) and to assess its' correlations with the severity of IPF patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty male patients with IPF (mean age: 62±6 y) and 30 age-matched male healthy controls (mean age: 62±6 y) were prospectively enrolled. 3D-PMRI was acquired with a 3-dimensional ultrashort echo time sequence in end-inspiration and end-expiration. MR images were registered from end-inspiration to end-expiration with the elastic registration algorithm. Jacobian determinants were calculated from deformation fields on color maps. The log means of the Jacobian determinants (Jac-mean) and Dice similarity coefficient were used to describe lung elasticity between 2 groups. Then, the correlation of lung elasticity with dyspnea Medical Research Council (MRC) score, exercise tolerance, health-related quality of life, lung function, and the extent of pulmonary fibrosis on chest computed tomography were analyzed. RESULTS The Jac-mean of IPF patients (-0.19, [IQR: -0.22, -0.15]) decreased (absolute value), compared with healthy controls (-0.28, [IQR: -0.31, -0.24], P<0.001). The lung elasticity in IPF patients with dyspnea MRC≥3 (Jac-mean: -0.15; Dice: 0.06) was significantly lower than MRC 1 (Jac-mean: -0.22, P=0.001; Dice: 0.10, P=0.001) and MRC 2 (Jac-mean: -0.21, P=0.007; Dice: 0.09, P<0.001). In addition, the Jac-mean negatively correlated with forced vital capacity % (r=-0.487, P<0.001), forced expiratory volume 1% (r=-0.413, P=0.004), TLC% (r=-0.488, P<0.001), diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide % predicted (r=-0.555, P<0.001), 6-minute walk distance (r=-0.441, P=0.030) and positively correlated with respiratory symptoms (r=0.430, P=0.042). Meanwhile, the Dice similarity coefficient positively correlated with forced vital capacity % (r=0.577, P=0.004), forced expiratory volume 1% (r=0.526, P=0.012), diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide % predicted (r=0.435, P=0.048), 6-minute walk distance (r=0.473, P=0.016), final peripheral oxygen saturation (r=0.534, P=0.004), the extent of fibrosis on chest computed tomography (r=-0.421, P=0.021) and negatively correlated with activity (r=-0.431, P=0.048). CONCLUSION Lung elasticity decreased in IPF patients and correlated with dyspnea, exercise tolerance, health-related quality of life, lung function, and the extent of pulmonary fibrosis. The lung elasticity based on elastic registration of 3D-PMRI may be a new nonradiation imaging biomarker for quantitative evaluation of the severity of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yang
- Capital Medical University
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Pengxin Yu
- Institute of Advanced Research, Infervision Medical Technology Co., Ltd
| | - Wenqing Xu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Haishuang Sun
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Jianghui Duan
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Yueyin Han
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Bingbing Xie
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Jing Geng
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Sa Luo
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Shiyao Wang
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Yanhong Ren
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Rongguo Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Research, Infervision Medical Technology Co., Ltd
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Huaping Dai
- Capital Medical University
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
| | - Chen Wang
- Capital Medical University
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine
- National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Bayat S, Wild J, Winkler T. Lung functional imaging. Breathe (Sheff) 2023; 19:220272. [PMID: 38020338 PMCID: PMC10644108 DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0272-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary functional imaging modalities such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear imaging can quantitatively assess regional lung functional parameters and their distributions. These include ventilation, perfusion, gas exchange at the microvascular level and biomechanical properties, among other variables. This review describes the rationale, strengths and limitations of the various imaging modalities employed for lung functional imaging. It also aims to explain some of the most commonly measured parameters of regional lung function. A brief review of evidence on the role and utility of lung functional imaging in early diagnosis, accurate lung functional characterisation, disease phenotyping and advancing the understanding of disease mechanisms in major respiratory disorders is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Bayat
- Department of Pulmonology and Physiology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, STROBE Laboratory, INSERM UA07, Grenoble, France
| | - Jim Wild
- POLARIS, Imaging Group, Department of Infection Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Insigneo Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Tilo Winkler
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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11
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Gerard SE, Chaudhary MFA, Herrmann J, Christensen GE, Estépar RSJ, Reinhardt JM, Hoffman EA. Direct estimation of regional lung volume change from paired and single CT images using residual regression neural network. Med Phys 2023; 50:5698-5714. [PMID: 36929883 PMCID: PMC10743098 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chest computed tomography (CT) enables characterization of pulmonary diseases by producing high-resolution and high-contrast images of the intricate lung structures. Deformable image registration is used to align chest CT scans at different lung volumes, yielding estimates of local tissue expansion and contraction. PURPOSE We investigated the utility of deep generative models for directly predicting local tissue volume change from lung CT images, bypassing computationally expensive iterative image registration and providing a method that can be utilized in scenarios where either one or two CT scans are available. METHODS A residual regression convolutional neural network, called Reg3DNet+, is proposed for directly regressing high-resolution images of local tissue volume change (i.e., Jacobian) from CT images. Image registration was performed between lung volumes at total lung capacity (TLC) and functional residual capacity (FRC) using a tissue mass- and structure-preserving registration algorithm. The Jacobian image was calculated from the registration-derived displacement field and used as the ground truth for local tissue volume change. Four separate Reg3DNet+ models were trained to predict Jacobian images using a multifactorial study design to compare the effects of network input (i.e., single image vs. paired images) and output space (i.e., FRC vs. TLC). The models were trained and evaluated on image datasets from the COPDGene study. Models were evaluated against the registration-derived Jacobian images using local, regional, and global evaluation metrics. RESULTS Statistical analysis revealed that both factors - network input and output space - were significant determinants for change in evaluation metrics. Paired-input models performed better than single-input models, and model performance was better in the output space of FRC rather than TLC. Mean structural similarity index for paired-input models was 0.959 and 0.956 for FRC and TLC output spaces, respectively, and for single-input models was 0.951 and 0.937. Global evaluation metrics demonstrated correlation between registration-derived Jacobian mean and predicted Jacobian mean: coefficient of determination (r2 ) for paired-input models was 0.974 and 0.938 for FRC and TLC output spaces, respectively, and for single-input models was 0.598 and 0.346. After correcting for effort, registration-derived lobar volume change was strongly correlated with the predicted lobar volume change: for paired-input models r2 was 0.899 for both FRC and TLC output spaces, and for single-input models r2 was 0.803 and 0.862, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Convolutional neural networks can be used to directly predict local tissue mechanics, eliminating the need for computationally expensive image registration. Networks that use paired CT images acquired at TLC and FRC allow for more accurate prediction of local tissue expansion compared to networks that use a single image. Networks that only require a single input image still show promising results, particularly after correcting for effort, and allow for local tissue expansion estimation in cases where multiple CT scans are not available. For single-input networks, the FRC image is more predictive of local tissue volume change compared to the TLC image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Gerard
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Jacob Herrmann
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Gary E. Christensen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Joseph M. Reinhardt
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Eric A. Hoffman
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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12
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Brown CP, Hughes MDG, Mahmoudi N, Brockwell DJ, Coletta PL, Peyman S, Evans SD, Dougan L. Structural and mechanical properties of folded protein hydrogels with embedded microbubbles. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:2726-2737. [PMID: 36815670 PMCID: PMC10088474 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01918c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Globular folded proteins are powerful building blocks to create biomaterials with mechanical robustness and inherent biological functionality. Here we explore their potential as advanced drug delivery scaffolds, by embedding microbubbles (MBs) within a photo-activated, chemically cross-linked bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein network. Using a combination of circular dichroism (CD), rheology, small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and microscopy we determine the nanoscale and mesoscale structure and mechanics of this novel multi-composite system. Optical and confocal microscopy confirms the presence of MBs within the protein hydrogel, their reduced diffusion and their effective rupture using ultrasound, a requirement for burst drug release. CD confirms that the inclusion of MBs does not impact the proportion of folded proteins within the cross-linked protein network. Rheological characterisation demonstrates that the mechanics of the BSA hydrogels is reduced in the presence of MBs. Furthermore, SANS reveals that embedding MBs in the protein hydrogel network results in a smaller number of clusters that are larger in size (∼16.6% reduction in number of clusters, 17.4% increase in cluster size). Taken together, we show that MBs can be successfully embedded within a folded protein network and ruptured upon application of ultrasound. The fundamental insight into the impact of embedded MBs in protein scaffolds at the nanoscale and mesoscale is important in the development of future platforms for targeted and controlled drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa P Brown
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Matt D G Hughes
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Najet Mahmoudi
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Spallation Source, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - David J Brockwell
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, UK
| | - P Louise Coletta
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Sally Peyman
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Stephen D Evans
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Lorna Dougan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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13
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Fakhouri FS, Joseph M, Ballinger M, Shukla V, Weimar D, Novak C, Ghadiali S, Kolipaka A. Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) of Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in an Animal Model. Invest Radiol 2023; 58:299-306. [PMID: 36730906 PMCID: PMC10023269 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is responsible for 40,000 deaths annually in the United States. A hallmark of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is elevated collagen deposition, which alters lung stiffness. Clinically relevant ways to measure changes in lung stiffness during pulmonary fibrosis are not available, and new noninvasive imaging methods are needed to measure changes in lung mechanical properties. OBJECTIVES Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is an in vivo magnetic resonance imaging technique proven to detect changes in shear stiffness in different organs. This study used MRE, histology, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) to study changes in the mechanical and structural properties of the lungs after bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in pigs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Pulmonary fibrosis was induced in 9 Yorkshire pigs by intratracheal instillation of 2 doses of bleomycin into the right lung only. Magnetic resonance elastography scans were performed at baseline and week 4 and week 8 postsurgery in a 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging scanner using a spin-echo echo planar imaging sequence to measure changes in lung shear stiffness. At the time of each scan, a BAL was performed. After the final scan, whole lung tissue was removed and analyzed for histological changes. RESULTS Mean MRE-derived stiffness measurements at baseline, week 4, and week 8 for the control (left) lungs were 1.02 ± 0.27 kPa, 0.86 ± 0.29 kPa, and 0.68 ± 0.20 kPa, respectively. The ratio of the shear stiffness in the injured (right) lung to the uninjured control (left) lung at baseline, week 4, and week 8 was 0.98 ± 0.23, 1.52 ± 0.41, and 1.64 ± 0.40, respectively. High-dose animals showed increased protein in BAL fluid, elevated inflammation observed by the presence of patchy filtrates, and enhanced collagen and α-smooth muscle actin staining on histological sections. Low-dose animals and the control (left) lungs of high-dose animals did not show significant histopathological changes. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that MRE can be used to detect changes in lung stiffness in pigs after bleomycin challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal S. Fakhouri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Technology, King Saud University, Riyadh, 12372, KSA
| | - Matthew Joseph
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Megan Ballinger
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Vasudha Shukla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - David Weimar
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Caymen Novak
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Samir Ghadiali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Arunark Kolipaka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Hsia CCW, Bates JHT, Driehuys B, Fain SB, Goldin JG, Hoffman EA, Hogg JC, Levin DL, Lynch DA, Ochs M, Parraga G, Prisk GK, Smith BM, Tawhai M, Vidal Melo MF, Woods JC, Hopkins SR. Quantitative Imaging Metrics for the Assessment of Pulmonary Pathophysiology: An Official American Thoracic Society and Fleischner Society Joint Workshop Report. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2023; 20:161-195. [PMID: 36723475 PMCID: PMC9989862 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202211-915st] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple thoracic imaging modalities have been developed to link structure to function in the diagnosis and monitoring of lung disease. Volumetric computed tomography (CT) renders three-dimensional maps of lung structures and may be combined with positron emission tomography (PET) to obtain dynamic physiological data. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using ultrashort-echo time (UTE) sequences has improved signal detection from lung parenchyma; contrast agents are used to deduce airway function, ventilation-perfusion-diffusion, and mechanics. Proton MRI can measure regional ventilation-perfusion ratio. Quantitative imaging (QI)-derived endpoints have been developed to identify structure-function phenotypes, including air-blood-tissue volume partition, bronchovascular remodeling, emphysema, fibrosis, and textural patterns indicating architectural alteration. Coregistered landmarks on paired images obtained at different lung volumes are used to infer airway caliber, air trapping, gas and blood transport, compliance, and deformation. This document summarizes fundamental "good practice" stereological principles in QI study design and analysis; evaluates technical capabilities and limitations of common imaging modalities; and assesses major QI endpoints regarding underlying assumptions and limitations, ability to detect and stratify heterogeneous, overlapping pathophysiology, and monitor disease progression and therapeutic response, correlated with and complementary to, functional indices. The goal is to promote unbiased quantification and interpretation of in vivo imaging data, compare metrics obtained using different QI modalities to ensure accurate and reproducible metric derivation, and avoid misrepresentation of inferred physiological processes. The role of imaging-based computational modeling in advancing these goals is emphasized. Fundamental principles outlined herein are critical for all forms of QI irrespective of acquisition modality or disease entity.
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15
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Koda R, Taniguchi H, Konno K, Yamakoshi Y. B-line Elastography Measurement of Lung Parenchymal Elasticity. ULTRASONIC IMAGING 2023; 45:30-41. [PMID: 36631936 DOI: 10.1177/01617346221149141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a method to determine the elasticity of the lung parenchyma from the B-line Doppler signal observed using continuous shear wave elastography, which uses a small vibrator placed on the tissue surface to propagate continuous shear waves with a vibration frequency of approximately 100 Hz. Since the B-line is generated by multiple reflections in fluid-storing alveoli near the lung surface, the ultrasonic multiple-reflection signal from the B-line is affected by the Doppler shift due to shear waves propagating in the lung parenchyma. When multiple B-lines are observed, the propagation velocity can be estimated by measuring the difference in propagation time between the B-lines. Therefore, continuous shear wave elastography can be used to determine the elasticity of the lung parenchyma by measuring the phase difference of shear wave between the B-lines. In this study, three elastic sponges (soft, medium, and hard) with embedded glass beads were used to simulate fluid-storing alveoli. Shear wave velocity measured using the proposed method was compared with that calculated using Young's modulus obtained from compression measurement. Using the proposed method, the measured shear wave velocities (mean ± S.D.) were 3.78 ± 0.23, 4.24 ± 0.12, and 5.06 ± 0.05 m/s for soft, medium, and hard sponges, respectively, which deviated by a maximum of 5.37% from the values calculated using the measured Young's moduli. The shear wave velocities of the sponge phantom were in a velocity range similar to the mean shear wave velocities of healthy and diseased lungs reported by magnetic resonance elastography (3.25 and 4.54 m/s, respectively). B-line elastography may enable emergency diagnoses of acute lung disease using portable ultrasonic echo devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Koda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hayato Taniguchi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kei Konno
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamakoshi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, Japan
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16
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Iglesias M, McGrath DM, Tretyakov MV, Francis ST. Ensemble Kalman inversion for magnetic resonance elastography. Phys Med Biol 2022; 67. [PMID: 36322986 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac9fa1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is an MRI-based diagnostic method for measuring mechanical properties of biological tissues. MRE measurements are processed by an inversion algorithm to produce a map of the biomechanical properties. In this paper a new and powerful method (ensemble Kalman inversion with level sets (EKI)) of MRE inversion is proposed and tested. The method has critical advantages: material property variation at disease boundaries can be accurately identified, and uncertainty of the reconstructed material properties can be evaluated by consequence of the probabilistic nature of the method. EKI is tested in 2D and 3D experiments with synthetic MRE data of the human kidney. It is demonstrated that the proposed inversion method is accurate and fast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Iglesias
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Deirdre M McGrath
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - M V Tretyakov
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Susan T Francis
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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17
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Li Y, Gao Q, Chen N, Zhang Y, Wang J, Li C, He X, Jiao Y, Zhang Z. Clinical studies of magnetic resonance elastography from 1995 to 2021: Scientometric and visualization analysis based on CiteSpace. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022; 12:5080-5100. [PMID: 36330182 PMCID: PMC9622435 DOI: 10.21037/qims-22-207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the knowledge framework around magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) and to explore MRE research hotspots and emerging trends. METHODS The Science Citation Index Expanded of the Web of Science Core Collection was searched on 22 October 2021 for MRE-related studies published between 1995 and 2021. Excel 2016 and CiteSpace V (version 5.8.R3) were used to analyze the downloaded data. RESULTS In all, 1,236 articles published by 726 authors from 540 institutions in 40 countries were included in this study. The top 10 authors published 57.6% of all included articles. The 3 most productive countries were the USA (n=631), Germany (n=202), and France (n=134), and the 3 most productive institutions were the Mayo Clinic (n=240), Charité (n=131), and the University of Illinois (n=56). The USA and the Mayo Clinic had the highest betweenness centrality among countries and institutions, respectively, and played an important role in the field of MRE. In this study, the 24,347 distinct references were clustered into 48 categories via reasonable clustering using specific keywords, forming the knowledge framework. Among the 294 co-occurring keywords, "hepatic fibrosis", "stiffness", "skeletal muscle", "acoustic strain wave", "in vivo", and "non-invasive assessment" were research hotspots. "Diagnostic performance", "diagnostic accuracy", "hepatic steatosis", "chronic hepatitis B", "radiation force impulse", "children", and "echo" were frontier topics. CONCLUSIONS Scientometric and visualized analysis of MRE can provide information regarding the knowledge framework, research hotspots, frontier areas, and emerging trends in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanfang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan He
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Jiao
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zongming Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Electric Power Hospital, State Grid Corporation of China, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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18
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Yang X, Liu M, Duan J, Sun H, An J, Benkert T, Dai H, Wang C. Three-dimensional ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging in assessment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, in comparison with high-resolution computed tomography. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022; 12:4176-4189. [PMID: 35919053 PMCID: PMC9338383 DOI: 10.21037/qims-21-1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background We aimed to evaluate the image quality, feasibility, and diagnostic performance of three-dimensional ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging (3D UTE-MRI) to assess idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) compared with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and half-Fourier single-shot turbo spin-echo (HASTE) MRI. Methods A total of 36 patients with IPF (34 men; mean age: 62±8 years, age range: 43 to 78 years) were prospectively included and underwent HRCT and chest MRI on the same day. Chest MRI was performed with a free-breathing 3D spiral UTE pulse sequence and HASTE sequence on a 1.5 T MRI. Two radiologists independently evaluated the image quality of the HRCT, HASTE, and 3D UTE-MRI. They assessed the representative imaging features of IPF, including honeycombing, reticulation, traction bronchiectasis, and ground-glass opacities. Image quality of the 3D UTE-MRI, HASTE, and HRCT were assessed using a 5-point visual scoring method. Kappa and weighted kappa analysis were used to measure intra- and inter-observer and inter-method agreements. Sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), and accuracy (AC) were used to assess the performance of 3D UTE-MRI for detecting image features of IPF and monitoring the extent of pulmonary fibrosis. Linear regressions and Bland-Altman plots were generated to assess the correlation and agreement between the assessment of the extent of pulmonary fibrosis made by the 2 observers. Results The image quality of HRCT was higher than that of HASTE and UTE-MRI (HRCT vs. UTE-MRI vs. HASTE: 4.9±0.3 vs. 4.1±0.7 vs. 3.0±0.3; P<0.001). Interobserver agreement of HRCT, HASTE, and 3D UTE-MRI when assessing pulmonary fibrosis was substantial and excellent (HRCT: 0.727≤ κ ≤1, P<0.001; HASTE: 0.654≤ κ ≤1, P<0.001; 3D UTE-MRI: 0.719≤ κ ≤0.824, P<0.001). In addition, reticulation (SE: 97.1%; SP: 100%; AC: 97.2%; κ =0.654), honeycombing (SE: 83.3%; SP: 100%; AC: 86.1%; κ =0.625) patterns, and traction bronchiectasis (SE: 94.1%; SP: 100%; AC: 94.4%, κ =0.640) were also well-visualized on 3D UTE-MRI, which was significantly superior to HASTE. Compared with HRCT, the sensitivity of 3D UTE-MRI to detect signs of pulmonary fibrosis (n=35) was 97.2%. The interobserver agreement in elevation of the extent of pulmonary fibrosis with HRCT and 3D UTE-MRI was R2=0.84 (P<0.001) and R2=0.84 (P<0.001), respectively. The extent of pulmonary fibrosis assessed with 3D UTE-MRI [median =9, interquartile range (IQR): 6.25 to 10.00] was lower than that from HRCT (median =12, IQR: 9.25 to 13.00; U=320.00, P<0.001); however, they had a positive correlation (R=0.72, P<0.001). Conclusions As a radiation-free non-contrast enhanced imaging method, although the image quality of 3D UTE-MRI is inferior to that of HRCT, it has high reproducibility to identify the imaging features of IPF and evaluate the extent of pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianghui Duan
- Department of Radiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haishuang Sun
- National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jing An
- Siemens Shenzhen Magnetic Resonance Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Thomas Benkert
- MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Huaping Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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19
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Yavari M, Javad Mousavi SA, Janani L, Feizy Z, Vafa M. Effects of Supplementation of Vitamins D, C and E on Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF): A Clinical Trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 49:295-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Nho RS, Ballinger MN, Rojas MM, Ghadiali SN, Horowitz JC. Biomechanical Force and Cellular Stiffness in Lung Fibrosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:750-761. [PMID: 35183510 PMCID: PMC9088200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is characterized by the continuous accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins produced by apoptosis-resistant (myo)fibroblasts. Lung epithelial injury promotes the recruitment and activation of fibroblasts, which are necessary for tissue repair and restoration of homeostasis. However, under pathologic conditions, a vicious cycle generated by profibrotic growth factors/cytokines, multicellular interactions, and matrix-associated signaling propagates the wound repair response and promotes lung fibrosis characterized not only by increased quantities of ECM proteins but also by changes in the biomechanical properties of the matrix. Importantly, changes in the biochemical and biomechanical properties of the matrix itself can serve to perpetuate fibroblast activity and propagate fibrosis, even in the absence of the initial stimulus of injury. The development of novel experimental models and methods increasingly facilitates our ability to interrogate fibrotic processes at the cellular and molecular levels. The goal of this review is to discuss the impact of ECM conditions in the development of lung fibrosis and to introduce new approaches to more accurately model the in vivo fibrotic microenvironment. This article highlights the pathologic roles of ECM in terms of mechanical force and the cellular interactions while reviewing in vitro and ex vivo models of lung fibrosis. The improved understanding of the fundamental mechanisms that contribute to lung fibrosis holds promise for identification of new therapeutic targets and improved outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard S Nho
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Megan N Ballinger
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mauricio M Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Samir N Ghadiali
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jeffrey C Horowitz
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio.
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21
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Shan X, Yang J, Xu P, Hu L, Ge H. Deep neural networks for magnetic resonance elastography acceleration in thermal ablation monitoring. Med Phys 2022; 49:1803-1813. [PMID: 35061250 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a deep neural network for accelerating magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) acquisition, to validate the ability to generate reliable MRE results with the down-sampled k-space data, and to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method in monitoring the stiffness changes during thermal ablation in a phantom study. MATERIALS AND METHODS MRE scans were performed with 60 Hz excitation on porcine ex-vivo liver gel phantoms in a 0.36T MRI scanner to generate the training dataset. The acquisition protocol was based on a spin-echo MRE pulse sequence with tailored motion-sensitive gradients to reduce echo time (TE). A U-Net based deep neural network was developed and trained to interpolate the missing data from down-sampled k-space. We calculated the errors of 80 sets magnitude/phase images reconstructed from the zero-filled, compressive sensing (CS) and deep learning (DL) method for comparison. The peak signal-to-noise rate (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) of the magnitude/phase images were also calculated for comparison. The stiffness changes were recorded before, during, and after ablation. The mean stiffness values over the region of interest (ROI) were compared between the elastograms reconstructed from the fully-sampled k-space and interpolated k-space after thermal ablation. RESULTS The mean absolute error (MAE), PSNR, and SSIM of the proposed deep learning approach were significantly better than the results from the zero-filled method (p<0.0001) and CS (p<0.0001). The stiffness changes before and after thermal ablation assessed by the proposed approach (before: 7.7±1.1 kPa, after: 11.9±4.0 kPa, 4.2-kPa increase) gave close agreement with the values calculated from the fully-sampled data (before: 8.0±1.0 kPa, after: 12.6±4.2 kPa, 4.6-kPa increase). In contrast, the stiffness changes computed from the zero-filled method (before: 4.9±1.4 kPa, after: 5.6±2.8 kPa, 0.7-kPa increase) were substantially underestimated. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the capability of the proposed deep learning method for rapid MRE acquisition and provided a promising solution for monitoring the MRI-guided thermal ablation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Shan
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinying Yang
- Laboratory Center for Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liangliang Hu
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Haitao Ge
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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22
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Fakhouri F, Kannengiesser S, Pfeuffer J, Gokun Y, Kolipaka A. Free-breathing MR elastography of the lungs: An in vivo study. Magn Reson Med 2022; 87:236-248. [PMID: 34463400 PMCID: PMC8616792 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung stiffness alters with many diseases; therefore, several MR elastography (MRE) studies were performed earlier to investigate the stiffness of the right lung during breathhold at residual volume and total lung capacity. The aims of this study were 1) to estimate shear stiffness of the lungs using MRE under free breathing and demonstrate the measurements' repeatability and reproducibility, and 2) to compare lung stiffness under free breathing to breathhold and as a function of age and gender. METHODS Twenty-five healthy volunteers were scanned on a 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner. Spin-echo dual-density spiral and a spin-echo EPI MRE sequences were used to measure shear stiffness of the lungs during free breathing and breathhold at midpoint of tidal volume, respectively. Concordance correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman analyses were performed to determine the repeatability and reproducibility of the spin-echo dual-density spiral-derived shear stiffness. Repeated measures analyses of variances were used to investigate differences in shear stiffness between spin-echo dual-density spiral and spin-echo EPI, right and left lungs, males and females, and different age groups. RESULTS Free-breathing MRE sequence was highly repeatable and reproducible (concordance correlation coefficient > 0.86 for both lungs). Lung stiffness was significantly lower in breathhold than in free breathing (P < .001), which can be attributed to potential stress relaxation of lung parenchyma or breathhold inconsistencies. However, there was no significant difference between different age groups (P = .08). The left lung showed slightly higher stiffness values than the right lung (P = .14). There is no significant difference in lung stiffness between genders. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the feasibility of free-breathing lung MRE with excellent repeatability and reproducibility. Stiffness changes with age and during the respiratory cycle. However, gender does not influence lungs stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Fakhouri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | | | - Josef Pfeuffer
- MR Application Development, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yevgeniya Gokun
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Arunark Kolipaka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.,Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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23
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Novak C, Ballinger MN, Ghadiali S. Mechanobiology of Pulmonary Diseases: A Review of Engineering Tools to Understand Lung Mechanotransduction. J Biomech Eng 2021; 143:110801. [PMID: 33973005 PMCID: PMC8299813 DOI: 10.1115/1.4051118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cells within the lung micro-environment are continuously subjected to dynamic mechanical stimuli which are converted into biochemical signaling events in a process known as mechanotransduction. In pulmonary diseases, the abrogated mechanical conditions modify the homeostatic signaling which influences cellular phenotype and disease progression. The use of in vitro models has significantly expanded our understanding of lung mechanotransduction mechanisms. However, our ability to match complex facets of the lung including three-dimensionality, multicellular interactions, and multiple simultaneous forces is limited and it has proven difficult to replicate and control these factors in vitro. The goal of this review is to (a) outline the anatomy of the pulmonary system and the mechanical stimuli that reside therein, (b) describe how disease impacts the mechanical micro-environment of the lung, and (c) summarize how existing in vitro models have contributed to our current understanding of pulmonary mechanotransduction. We also highlight critical needs in the pulmonary mechanotransduction field with an emphasis on next-generation devices that can simulate the complex mechanical and cellular environment of the lung. This review provides a comprehensive basis for understanding the current state of knowledge in pulmonary mechanotransduction and identifying the areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caymen Novak
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Megan N. Ballinger
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Samir Ghadiali
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, 473 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2124N Fontana Labs, 140 West 19th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210
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24
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Dong H, Ahmad R, Miller R, Kolipaka A. MR elastography inversion by compressive recovery. Phys Med Biol 2021; 66. [PMID: 34261056 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac145a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Direct inversion (DI) derives tissue shear modulus by inverting the Helmholtz equation. However, conventional DI is sensitive to data quality due to the ill-posed nature of Helmholtz inversion and thus providing reliable stiffness estimation can be challenging. This becomes more problematic in the case of estimating shear stiffness of the lung in which the low tissue density and short T2* result in considerably low signal-to-noise ratio during lung MRE. In the present study, we propose to perform MRE inversion by compressive recovery (MICRo). Such a technique aims to improve the numerical stability and the robustness to data noise of Helmholtz inversion by using prior knowledge on data noise and transform sparsity of the stiffness map. The developed inversion strategy was first validated in simulated phantoms with known stiffness. Next, MICRo was compared to the standard clinical multi-modal DI (MMDI) method forin vivoliver MRE in healthy subjects and patients with different stages of liver fibrosis. After establishing the accuracy of MICRo, we demonstrated the robustness of the proposed technique against data noise in lung MRE with healthy subjects. In simulated phantoms with single-directional or multi-directional waves, MICRo outperformed DI with Romano filter or Savitsky and Golay filter, especially when the stiffness and/or noise level was high. In hepatic MRE application, agreement was observed between MICRo and MMDI. Measuringin vivolung stiffness, MICRo demonstrated its advantages over filtered DI by yielding stable stiffness estimation at both residual volume and total lung capacity. These preliminary results demonstrate the potential value of the proposed technique and also warrant further investigation in a larger clinical population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Dong
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United states of America.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United states of America
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United states of America
| | - Renee Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arunark Kolipaka
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United states of America.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United states of America.,Internal Medicine-Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United states of America
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25
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Li G, Chen S, Zhang Y, Xu H, Xu D, Wei Z, Gao X, Cai W, Mao N, Zhang L, Li S, Yang F, Liu H, Li S. Matrix stiffness regulates α-TAT1-mediated acetylation of α-tubulin and promotes silica-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition via DNA damage. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:224091. [PMID: 33310909 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.243394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicosis is characterized by silica exposure-induced lung interstitial fibrosis and formation of silicotic nodules, resulting in lung stiffening. The acetylation of microtubules mediated by α-tubulin N-acetyltransferase 1 (α-TAT1) is a posttranslational modification that promotes microtubule stability in response to mechanical stimulation. α-TAT1 and downstream acetylated α-tubulin (Ac-α-Tub) are decreased in silicosis, promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We found that silica, matrix stiffening or their combination triggered Ac-α-Tub downregulation in alveolar epithelial cells, followed by DNA damage and replication stress. α-TAT1 elevated Ac-α-Tub to limit replication stress and the EMT via trafficking of p53-binding protein 1 (53BP1, also known as TP53BP1). The results provide evidence that α-TAT1 and Ac-α-Tub inhibit the EMT and silicosis fibrosis by preventing 53BP1 mislocalization and relieving DNA damage. This study provides insight into how the cell cycle is regulated during the EMT and why the decrease in α-TAT1 and Ac-α-Tub promotes silicosis fibrosis.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengxu Li
- Basic Medicine College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Hong Xu
- School of Public Health, Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Dingjie Xu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Zhongqiu Wei
- Basic Medicine College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Xuemin Gao
- School of Public Health, Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Wenchen Cai
- School of Public Health, Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Na Mao
- School of Public Health, Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Shumin Li
- Basic Medicine College, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Fang Yang
- School of Public Health, Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Heliang Liu
- School of Public Health, Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Shifeng Li
- School of Public Health, Medical Research Center, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis Research, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
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26
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Berhan A, Harris T, Jaffar J, Jativa F, Langenbach S, Lönnstedt I, Alhamdoosh M, Ng M, Lee P, Westall G, Wilson N, Wilson M, Stewart AG. Cellular Microenvironment Stiffness Regulates Eicosanoid Production and Signaling Pathways. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 63:819-830. [PMID: 32926636 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0227oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological changes in the biomechanical environment are implicated in the progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Stiffened matrix augments fibroblast proliferation and differentiation and activates TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor-β1). Stiffened matrix impairs the synthesis of the antifibrogenic lipid mediator prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and reduces the expression of the rate-limiting prostanoid biosynthetic enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). We now show that prostaglandin E synthase (PTGES), the final enzyme in the PGE2 biosynthetic pathway, is expressed at lower levels in the lungs of patients with IPF. We also show substantial induction of COX-2, PTGES, prostaglandin E receptor 4 (EP4), and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) expression in human lung fibroblasts cultured in soft collagen hydrogels or in spheroids compared with conventional culture on stiff plastic culture plates. Induction of COX-2, cPLA2, and PTGES expression in spheroid cultures was moderately inhibited by the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor SB203580. The induction of prostanoid biosynthetic enzyme expression was accompanied by an increase in PGE2 levels only in non-IPF-derived fibroblast spheroids. Our study reveals an extensive dysregulation of prostanoid biosynthesis and signaling pathways in IPF-derived fibroblasts, which are only partially abrogated by culture in soft microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asres Berhan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and
| | - Trudi Harris
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and
| | - Jade Jaffar
- Department of Allergy, Immunology, Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fernando Jativa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Milica Ng
- CSL Ltd., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Peter Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glen Westall
- Department of Allergy, Immunology, Respiratory Medicine, The Alfred Hospital/Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nick Wilson
- CSL Ltd., Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; and
| | | | - Alastair G Stewart
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and.,ARC Centre for Personalised Therapeutics Technologies, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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27
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Dong H, Jin N, Kannengiesser S, Raterman B, White RD, Kolipaka A. Magnetic resonance elastography for estimating in vivo stiffness of the abdominal aorta using cardiac-gated spin-echo echo-planar imaging: a feasibility study. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4420. [PMID: 33021342 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE)-derived aortic stiffness is a potential biomarker for multiple cardiovascular diseases. Currently, gradient-recalled echo (GRE) MRE is a widely accepted technique to estimate aortic stiffness. However, multi-slice GRE MRE requires multiple breath-holds (BHs), which can be challenging for patients who cannot consistently hold their breath. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a multi-slice spin-echo echo-planar imaging (SE-EPI) MRE sequence for quantifying in vivo aortic stiffness using a free-breathing (FB) protocol and a single-BH protocol. METHOD On Scanner 1, 25 healthy subjects participated in the validation of FB SE-EPI against FB GRE. On Scanner 2, another 15 healthy subjects were recruited to compare FB SE-EPI with single-BH SE-EPI. Among all volunteers, five participants were studied on both scanners to investigate the inter-scanner reproducibility of FB SE-EPI aortic MRE. Bland-Altman analysis, Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (LCCC) and coefficient of variation (COV) were evaluated. The phase-difference signal-to-noise ratios (PD SNR) were compared. RESULTS Aortic MRE using FB SE-EPI and FB GRE yielded similar stiffnesses (paired t-test, P = 0.19), with LCCC = 0.97. The FB SE-EPI measurements were reproducible (intra-scanner LCCC = 0.96) and highly repeatable (LCCC = 0.99). The FB SE-EPI MRE was also reproducible across different scanners (inter-scanner LCCC = 0.96). Single-BH SE-EPI scans yielded similar stiffness to FB SE-EPI scans (LCCC = 0.99) and demonstrated a low COV of 2.67% across five repeated measurements. CONCLUSION Multi-slice SE-EPI aortic MRE using an FB protocol or a single-BH protocol is reproducible and repeatable with advantage over multi-slice FB GRE in reducing acquisition time. Additionally, FB SE-EPI MRE provides a potential alternative to BH scans for patients who have challenges in holding their breath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Dong
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ning Jin
- Siemens Medical Solution, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Brian Raterman
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Richard D White
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Cardiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Arunark Kolipaka
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Cardiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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28
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MR Elastography. Mol Imaging 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816386-3.00058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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29
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Santhanam AP, Stiehl B, Lauria M, Hasse K, Barjaktarevic I, Goldin J, Low DA. An adversarial machine learning framework and biomechanical model-guided approach for computing 3D lung tissue elasticity from end-expiration 3DCT. Med Phys 2020; 48:667-675. [PMID: 32449519 DOI: 10.1002/mp.14252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung elastography aims at measuring the lung parenchymal tissue elasticity for applications ranging from diagnostic purposes to biomechanically guided deformations. Characterizing the lung tissue elasticity requires four-dimensional (4D) lung motion as an input, which is currently estimated by deformably registering 4D computed tomography (4DCT) datasets. Since 4DCT imaging is widely used only in a radiotherapy treatment setup, there is a need to predict the elasticity distribution in the absence of 4D imaging for applications within and outside of radiotherapy domain. METHODS In this paper, we present a machine learning-based method that predicts the three-dimensional (3D) lung tissue elasticity distribution for a given end-expiration 3DCT. The method to predict the lung tissue elasticity from an end-expiration 3DCT employed a deep neural network that predicts the tissue elasticity for the given CT dataset. For training and validation purposes, we employed five-dimensional CT (5DCT) datasets and a finite element biomechanical lung model. The 5DCT model was first used to generate end-expiration lung geometry, which was taken as the source lung geometry for biomechanical modeling. The deformation vector field pointing from end expiration to end inhalation was computed from the 5DCT model and taken as input in order to solve for the lung tissue elasticity. An inverse elasticity estimation process was employed, where we iteratively solved for the lung elasticity distribution until the model reproduced the ground-truth deformation vector field. The machine learning process uses a specific type of learning process, namely a constrained generalized adversarial neural network (cGAN) that learned the lung tissue elasticity in a supervised manner. The biomechanically estimated tissue elasticity together with the end-exhalation CT was the input for the supervised learning. The trained cGAN generated the elasticity from a given breath-hold CT image. The elasticity estimated was validated in two approaches. In the first approach, a L2-norm-based direct comparison was employed between the estimated elasticity and the ground-truth elasticity. In the second approach, we generated a synthetic four-dimensional CT (4DCT0 using a lung biomechanical model and the estimated elasticity and compared the deformations with the ground-truth 4D deformations using three image similarity metrics: mutual Information (MI), structured similarity index (SSIM), and normalized cross correlation (NCC). RESULTS The results show that a cGAN-based machine learning approach was effective in computing the lung tissue elasticity given the end-expiration CT datasets. For the training data set, we obtained a learning accuracy of 0.44 ± 0.2 KPa. For the validation dataset, consisting of 13 4D datasets, we were able to obtain an accuracy of 0.87 ± 0.4 KPa. These results show that the cGAN-generated elasticity correlates well with that of the underlying ground-truth elasticity. We then integrated the estimated elasticity with the biomechanical model and applied the same boundary conditions in order to generate the end inhalation CT. The cGAN-generated images were very similar to that of the original end inhalation CT. The average value of the MI is 1.77 indicating the high local symmetricity between the ground truth and the cGAN elasticity-generated end inhalation CT data. The average value of the structural similarity for the 13 patients was observed to be 0.89 indicating the high structural integrity of the cGAN elasticity-generated end inhalation CT. Finally, the average NCC value of 0.97 indicates that potential variations in the contrast and brightness of the cGAN elasticity-generated end inhalation CT and the ground-truth end inhalation CT. CONCLUSION The cGAN-generated lung tissue elasticity given an end-expiration CT image can be computed in near real time. Using the lung tissue elasticity along with a biomechanical model, 4D lung deformations can be generated from a given end-expiration CT image within clinically acceptable numerical accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand P Santhanam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Brad Stiehl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Michael Lauria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Katelyn Hasse
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Igor Barjaktarevic
- Department of Pulmonary Critical Care, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan Goldin
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Daniel A Low
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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30
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Zhou B, Yang X, Zhang X, Curran WJ, Liu T. Ultrasound Elastography for Lung Disease Assessment. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS, FERROELECTRICS, AND FREQUENCY CONTROL 2020; 67:2249-2257. [PMID: 32970595 PMCID: PMC8544928 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2020.3026536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound elastography (US-E) is a noninvasive, safe, cost-effective and reliable technique to assess the mechanical properties of soft tissue and provide imaging biomarkers for pathological processes. Many lung diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and interstitial lung disease are associated with dramatic changes in mechanical properties of lung tissues. Nevertheless, US-E is rarely used to image the lung because it is filled with air. The large difference in acoustic impedance between air and lung tissue results in the reflection of the ultrasound wave at the lung surface and, consequently, the loss of most ultrasound energy. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in US-E applications in evaluating lung diseases. This article provides a comprehensive review of the technological advances of US-E research on lung disease diagnosis. We introduce the basic principles and major techniques of US-E and provide information on various applications in lung disease assessment. Finally, the potential applications of US-E to the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boran Zhou
- Department of Radiation OncologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Radiation OncologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA
| | | | - Walter J. Curran
- Department of Radiation OncologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Radiation OncologyEmory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory UniversityAtlantaGA30322USA
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Wigén J, Löfdahl A, Bjermer L, Elowsson-Rendin L, Westergren-Thorsson G. Converging pathways in pulmonary fibrosis and Covid-19 - The fibrotic link to disease severity. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE: X 2020; 2:100023. [PMID: 33083782 PMCID: PMC7546672 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrmex.2020.100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As Covid-19 affects millions of people worldwide, the global health care will encounter an increasing burden of the aftermaths of the disease. Evidence shows that up to a fifth of the patients develop fibrotic tissue in the lung. The SARS outbreak in the early 2000 resulted in chronic pulmonary fibrosis in a subset (around 4%) of the patients, and correlated to reduced lung function and forced expiratory volume (FEV). The similarities between corona virus infections causing SARS and Covid-19 are striking, except that the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has proven to have an even higher communicability. This would translate into a large number of patients seeking care for clinical signs of pulmonary fibrosis, given that the Covid-19 pandemic has up till now (Sept 2020) affected around 30 million people. The SARS-CoV-2 is dependent on binding to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is part of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Downregulation of ACE2 upon virus binding disturbs downstream activities of RAS resulting in increased inflammation and development of fibrosis. The poor prognosis and risk of developing pulmonary fibrosis are therefore associated with the increased expression of ACE2 in risk groups, such as obesity, heart disorders and aging, conferring plenty of binding opportunity for the virus and subsequently the internalization of ACE2, thus devoiding the enzyme from acting counter-inflammatory and antifibrotic. Identifying pathways that are associated with Covid-19 severity that result in pulmonary fibrosis may enable early diagnosis and individualized treatment for these patients to prevent or reduce irreversible fibrotic damage to the lung. Covid-19 may lead to pulmonary fibrosis. Urgency to monitor severe cases of Covid-19 longitudinally post-infection. Convergent pathways in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and Covid-19. Antifibrotic treatment in Covid-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Wigén
- Lung Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Löfdahl
- Lung Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Leif Bjermer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Linda Elowsson-Rendin
- Lung Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Hatabu H, Ohno Y, Gefter WB, Parraga G, Madore B, Lee KS, Altes TA, Lynch DA, Mayo JR, Seo JB, Wild JM, van Beek EJR, Schiebler ML, Kauczor HU. Expanding Applications of Pulmonary MRI in the Clinical Evaluation of Lung Disorders: Fleischner Society Position Paper. Radiology 2020; 297:286-301. [PMID: 32870136 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2020201138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary MRI provides structural and quantitative functional images of the lungs without ionizing radiation, but it has had limited clinical use due to low signal intensity from the lung parenchyma. The lack of radiation makes pulmonary MRI an ideal modality for pediatric examinations, pregnant women, and patients requiring serial and longitudinal follow-up. Fortunately, recent MRI techniques, including ultrashort echo time and zero echo time, are expanding clinical opportunities for pulmonary MRI. With the use of multicoil parallel acquisitions and acceleration methods, these techniques make pulmonary MRI practical for evaluating lung parenchymal and pulmonary vascular diseases. The purpose of this Fleischner Society position paper is to familiarize radiologists and other interested clinicians with these advances in pulmonary MRI and to stratify the Society recommendations for the clinical use of pulmonary MRI into three categories: (a) suggested for current clinical use, (b) promising but requiring further validation or regulatory approval, and (c) appropriate for research investigations. This position paper also provides recommendations for vendors and infrastructure, identifies methods for hypothesis-driven research, and suggests opportunities for prospective, randomized multicenter trials to investigate and validate lung MRI methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroto Hatabu
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Yoshiharu Ohno
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Warren B Gefter
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Grace Parraga
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Bruno Madore
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Kyung Soo Lee
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Talissa A Altes
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - David A Lynch
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - John R Mayo
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Joon Beom Seo
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Jim M Wild
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Edwin J R van Beek
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Mark L Schiebler
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
| | - Hans-Ulrich Kauczor
- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
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- From the Center for Pulmonary Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan (Y.O.); Department of Radiology, Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (W.B.G.); Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Canada (G.P.); Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (B.M.); Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Seoul, Korea (K.S.L.); Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo (T.A.A.); Department of Radiology, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colo (D.A.L.); Department of Radiology, Vancouver General Hospital and University of British Colombia, Vancouver, Canada (J.R.M.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea (J.B.S.); Section of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, England, United Kingdom (J.M.W.); Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (E.J.R.v.B.); Department of Radiology, UW Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis (M.L.S.); and Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg, member of the German Center of Lung Research, Heidelberg, Germany (H.U.K.)
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Ruano CA, Grafino M, Borba A, Pinheiro S, Fernandes O, Silva SC, Bilhim T, Moraes-Fontes MF, Irion KL. Multimodality imaging in connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease. Clin Radiol 2020; 76:88-98. [PMID: 32868089 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Interstitial lung disease is a well-recognised manifestation and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with connective tissue diseases. Interstitial lung disease may arise in the context of an established connective tissue disease or be the initial manifestation of an otherwise occult autoimmune disorder. Early detection and characterisation are paramount for adequate patient management and require a multidisciplinary approach, in which imaging plays a vital role. Computed tomography is currently the imaging method of choice; however, other imaging techniques have recently been investigated, namely ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron-emission tomography, with promising results. The aim of this review is to describe the imaging findings of connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease and explain the role of each imaging technique in diagnosis and disease characterisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Ruano
- Radiology Department, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal; Radiology Department, Hospital da Luz, Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - M Grafino
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital da Luz, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - A Borba
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S Pinheiro
- Autoimmune Disease Unit, Unidade de Doenças Auto-imunes/Serviço Medicina 3, Hospital de Santo António dos Capuchos, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - O Fernandes
- Radiology Department, Hospital de Santa Marta, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal; Radiology Department, Hospital da Luz, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S C Silva
- Radiology Department, Hospital de São José, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - T Bilhim
- NOVA Medical School, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Interventional Radiology Unit, Hospital Curry Cabral, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M F Moraes-Fontes
- Autoimmune Disease Unit, Unidade de Doenças Auto-imunes/Serviço Medicina 7.2, Hospital Curry Cabral, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Lisboa Central, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - K L Irion
- Radiology Department, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom; University of Manchester, Division of Infection Immunity & Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Cabriales L, Hautefeuille M, Vázquez‐Victorio G, Martinez‐Pastor D, Carretero‐Ortega J, Jiménez‐Escobar A, Macias‐Silva M. Hepatic C9 cells switch their behaviour in short or long exposure to soft substrates. Biol Cell 2020; 112:265-279. [DOI: 10.1111/boc.201900115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Cabriales
- LaNSBioDyT, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Circuito Exterior S/N Ciudad de México CP 04510 México
- Departamento de Física Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Circuito Exterior S/N Ciudad de México CP 04510 México
| | - Mathieu Hautefeuille
- LaNSBioDyT, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Circuito Exterior S/N Ciudad de México CP 04510 México
- Departamento de Física Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Circuito Exterior S/N Ciudad de México CP 04510 México
| | - Genaro Vázquez‐Victorio
- LaNSBioDyT, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Circuito Exterior S/N Ciudad de México CP 04510 México
- Departamento de Física Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Circuito Exterior S/N Ciudad de México CP 04510 México
| | - David Martinez‐Pastor
- LaNSBioDyT, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Circuito Exterior S/N Ciudad de México CP 04510 México
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Circuito Exterior S/N Ciudad de México CP 04510 México
| | - Jorge Carretero‐Ortega
- LaNSBioDyT, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Circuito Exterior S/N Ciudad de México CP 04510 México
| | - Alejandra Jiménez‐Escobar
- LaNSBioDyT, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Circuito Exterior S/N Ciudad de México CP 04510 México
| | - Marina Macias‐Silva
- LaNSBioDyT, Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Circuito Exterior S/N Ciudad de México CP 04510 México
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria Circuito Exterior S/N Ciudad de México CP 04510 México
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Gandhi D, Kalra P, Raterman B, Mo X, Dong H, Kolipaka A. Magnetic resonance elastography-derived stiffness of the kidneys and its correlation with water perfusion. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4237. [PMID: 31889353 PMCID: PMC7060814 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Stiffness plays an important role in diagnosing renal fibrosis. However, kidney stiffness is altered by perfusion changes in many kidney diseases. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to determine the correlation of kidney stiffness with water intake. We hypothesize that kidney stiffness will increase with 1 L of water intake due to increased water perfusion to the kidneys. Additionally, stiffness of the kidneys will correlate with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values before and after water intake. A 3 T MRI scanner was used to perform magnetic resonance elastography and diffusion tensor imaging of the kidneys on 24 healthy subjects (age range: 22-66 years) before and after water intake of 1 L. A 3D T1-weighted bladder scan was also performed to measure bladder volume before and after water intake. A paired t-test was performed to evaluate the effect of water intake on the stiffness of kidneys, in addition to bladder volume. A Spearman correlation test was performed to determine the association between stiffness, bladder volume, ADC and FA values of both kidneys before and after water intake. The results show a significant increase in stiffness in different regions of the kidney (ie, percentage increase ranged from 3.6% to 7.5%) and bladder volume after water intake (all P < 0.05). A moderate significant negative correlation was observed between change in kidney stiffness and bladder volume (concordance correlation coefficient = -0.468, P < 0.05). No significant correlation was observed between stiffness and ADC or FA values before and after water intake in both kidneys (P > 0.05). Water intake caused a significant increase in the stiffness of the kidneys. The negative correlation between the change in kidney stiffness and bladder volume, before and after water intake, indicates higher perfusion pressure in the kidneys, leading to increased stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deep Gandhi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Prateek Kalra
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Brian Raterman
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Huiming Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Arunark Kolipaka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
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36
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Hoffman DH, Ayoola A, Nickel D, Han F, Chandarana H, Shanbhogue KP. T1 mapping, T2 mapping and MR elastography of the liver for detection and staging of liver fibrosis. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2020; 45:692-700. [PMID: 31875241 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-019-02382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare liver stiffness measurements obtained from MR elastography with liver T1 relaxation times obtained from T1 mapping and T2 relaxation times obtained from T2 mapping for detection and staging of liver fibrosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS 223 patients with known or suspected liver disease underwent MRI of the liver with T1 mapping (Look-Locker sequence) and 2D SE-EPI MR elastography (MRE) sequences. 139 of these patients also underwent T2 mapping with radial T2 TSE sequence. Two readers (R1 & R2) measured liver stiffness, T1 relaxation times and T2 relaxation times. T1 and T2 times were correlated with stiffness measurements. ROC analysis was used to compare the performance of both techniques in discriminating fibrosis stage in 23 patients who underwent liver biopsy. RESULTS For each reader there was significant moderate positive correlation between liver MRE and liver T1 mapping (r = 0.49 and 0.36). There was significant moderate positive correlation between liver T2 mapping and each of MRE and T1 mapping for one of the readers (r = 0.40 and 0.27). AUC for differentiating early (F0-F2) from advanced (F3-F4) fibrosis in biopsied patients was 0.975 (R1) and 0.925 (R2) for MRE, 0.671 (R1) and 0.642 (R2) for T1 mapping and 0.671 (R1) and 0.743 (R2) for T2 mapping. Inter-reader agreement was good for MRE (ICC = 0.84) substantial for T1 mapping (0.94) and T2 mapping (0.96). CONCLUSIONS Liver T1 and T2 mapping showed moderate positive correlation with MR elastography. Accuracy of MRE is however superior to T1 and T2 mapping in the subset of patients who underwent liver biopsy. Accuracy of combination of MRE and T1 mapping/T2 mapping was not superior to MRE alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Hoffman
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 First Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Abimbola Ayoola
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 First Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | - Fei Han
- Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hersh Chandarana
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, 660 First Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
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Gandhi D, Kalra P, Raterman B, Mo X, Dong H, Kolipaka A. Magnetic Resonance Elastography of kidneys: SE-EPI MRE reproducibility and its comparison to GRE MRE. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 32:e4141. [PMID: 31329347 PMCID: PMC6817380 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is 1) to demonstrate reproducibility of spin echo-echo planar imaging (SE-EPI) magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) to estimate kidney stiffness; and 2) to compare SE-EPI MRE and gradient recalled echo (GRE) MRE-derived stiffness estimations in various anatomical regions of the kidney. Kidney MRE was performed on 33 healthy subjects (8 for SE-EPI MRE reproducibility and 25 for comparison with GRE MRE; age range: 22-66 years) in a 3 T MRI scanner. To demonstrate SE-EPI MRE reproducibility, subjects were scanned for the first scan and then asked to leave the scan room and repositioned again for the second (repeat) scan. Similar set-up was used for GRE MRE as well. The displacement data was then processed to obtain overall stiffness estimates of the kidney. Concordance correlation analyses were performed to determine SE-EPI MRE reproducibility and agreement between GRE MRE and SE-EPI MRE derived stiffness. A high concordance correlation (ρc = 0.95; p-value<0.0001) was obtained for SE-EPI MRE reproducibility. Good concordance correlation was observed (ρc = 0.84; p < 0.0001 for both kidneys, ρc = 0.91; p < 0.0001 for right kidney and ρc = 0.78; p < 0.0001 for left kidney) between GRE MRE and SE-EPI MRE derived stiffness measurements. Paired t-test results showed that stiffness value of medulla was significantly (p < 0.0001) greater than cortex using SE-EPI MRE as well as GRE MRE. SE-EPI MRE was reproducible and good agreement was observed in MRE-derived stiffness measurements obtained using SE-EPI and GRE sequences. Therefore, SE-EPI can be used for kidney MRE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deep Gandhi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Prateek Kalra
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Brian Raterman
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Huiming Dong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Arunark Kolipaka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
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38
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Tong J, Jugé L, Burke PG, Knapman F, Eckert DJ, Bilston LE, Amatoury J. Respiratory-related displacement of the trachea in obstructive sleep apnea. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 127:1307-1316. [PMID: 31513451 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00660.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tracheal displacement is thought to be the primary mechanism by which changes in lung volume influence upper airway patency. Caudal tracheal displacement during inspiration may help preserve the integrity of the upper airway in response to increasing negative airway pressure by stretching and stiffening pharyngeal tissues. However, tracheal displacement has not been previously quantified in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Accordingly, we aimed to measure tracheal displacements in awake individuals with and without OSA. The upper head and neck of 34 participants [apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) = 2-74 events/h] were imaged in the midsagittal plane using dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during supine awake quiet breathing. MRI data were analyzed to identify peak tracheal displacement and its timing relative to inspiration. Epiglottic pressure was measured separately for a subset of participants (n = 30) during similar experimental conditions. Nadir epiglottic pressure and its timing relative to inspiration were quantified. Peak tracheal displacement ranged from 1.0-9.6 mm, with a median (25th-75th percentile) of 2.3 (1.7-3.5) mm, and occurred at 89 (78-99)% of inspiratory time. Peak tracheal displacement increased with increasing OSA severity (AHI) (R2 = 0.28, P = 0.013) and increasing negative nadir epiglottic pressure (R2 = 0.47, P = 0.023). Relative inspiratory timing of peak tracheal displacement also correlated with OSA severity, with peak displacement occurring earlier in inspiration with increasing AHI (R2 = 0.36, P = 0.002). Tracheal displacements during quiet breathing are larger in individuals with more severe OSA and tend to reach peak displacement earlier in the inspiratory cycle. Increased tracheal displacement may contribute to maintenance of upper airway patency during wakefulness in OSA, particularly in those with severe disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Tracheal displacement is thought to play an important role in stabilizing the upper airway by stretching/stiffening the pharyngeal musculature. Using dynamic magnetic resonance imaging, this study shows that caudal tracheal displacement is more pronounced during inspiration in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) compared with healthy individuals. Softer pharyngeal muscles and greater inspiratory forces in OSA may underpin greater tracheal excursion. These findings suggest that tracheal displacement may contribute to maintenance of pharyngeal patency during wakefulness in OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Tong
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lauriane Jugé
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Gr Burke
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fiona Knapman
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Danny J Eckert
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lynne E Bilston
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jason Amatoury
- Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Biomedical Engineering Program, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture (MSFEA), American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Lonzetti L, Zanon M, Pacini GS, Altmayer S, Martins de Oliveira D, Rubin AS, Gazzoni FF, Barros MC, Hochhegger B. Magnetic resonance imaging of interstitial lung diseases: A state-of-the-art review. Respir Med 2019; 155:79-85. [PMID: 31323528 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been emerging as an imaging modality to assess interstitial lung diseases (ILD). An optimal chest MRI protocol for ILDs should include non-contrast breath-holding sequences, steady-state free-precession sequences, and contrast-enhanced sequences. One of the main MRI applications in ILDs is the differentiation between areas of active inflammation (i.e. reversible stage) and fibrosis. Alveolitis presents high signal intensity on T2-weighted sequences (WS) and early-enhancement on contrast-enhanced MR sequences, while fibrotic-predominant lesions present low signal and late-enhancement in these sequences, respectively. MRI can be useful in connective tissue diseases, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and sarcoidosis. The aim of this state-of-the-art review was to perform a state-of-the-art review on the use of MRI in ILDs, and propose the optimal MRI protocols for imaging ILDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Lonzetti
- Department of Rheumatology, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, R. Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Zanon
- Medical Imaging Research Lab, LABIMED, Department of Radiology, Pavilhão Pereira Filho Hospital, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Av. Independência, 75, 90020160, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Sartori Pacini
- Medical Imaging Research Lab, LABIMED, Department of Radiology, Pavilhão Pereira Filho Hospital, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Av. Independência, 75, 90020160, Brazil.
| | - Stephan Altmayer
- Medical Imaging Research Lab, LABIMED, Department of Radiology, Pavilhão Pereira Filho Hospital, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Av. Independência, 75, 90020160, Brazil; School of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900, Brazil.
| | - Diogo Martins de Oliveira
- School of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900, Brazil.
| | - Adalberto Sperb Rubin
- Department of Pulmonology, Pavilhão Pereira Filho Hospital, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Av. Independência, 75, 90020160, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Ferreira Gazzoni
- Medical Imaging Research Lab, LABIMED, Department of Radiology, Pavilhão Pereira Filho Hospital, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Av. Independência, 75, 90020160, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Cardoso Barros
- Medical Imaging Research Lab, LABIMED, Department of Radiology, Pavilhão Pereira Filho Hospital, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Av. Independência, 75, 90020160, Brazil; School of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900, Brazil; Department of Pulmonology, Pavilhão Pereira Filho Hospital, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Av. Independência, 75, 90020160, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Hochhegger
- Medical Imaging Research Lab, LABIMED, Department of Radiology, Pavilhão Pereira Filho Hospital, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Av. Independência, 75, 90020160, Brazil; School of Medicine, Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 90619-900, Brazil; Department of Pulmonology, Pavilhão Pereira Filho Hospital, Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Av. Independência, 75, 90020160, Brazil.
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Weatherley ND, Eaden JA, Stewart NJ, Bartholmai BJ, Swift AJ, Bianchi SM, Wild JM. Experimental and quantitative imaging techniques in interstitial lung disease. Thorax 2019; 74:611-619. [PMID: 30886067 PMCID: PMC6585263 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-211779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of conditions, with a wide and complex variety of imaging features. Difficulty in monitoring, treating and exploring novel therapies for these conditions is in part due to the lack of robust, readily available biomarkers. Radiological studies are vital in the assessment and follow-up of ILD, but currently CT analysis in clinical practice is qualitative and therefore somewhat subjective. In this article, we report on the role of novel and quantitative imaging techniques across a range of imaging modalities in ILD and consider how they may be applied in the assessment and understanding of ILD. We critically appraised evidence found from searches of Ovid online, PubMed and the TRIP database for novel and quantitative imaging studies in ILD. Recent studies have explored the capability of texture-based lung parenchymal analysis in accurately quantifying several ILD features. Newer techniques are helping to overcome the challenges inherent to such approaches, in particular distinguishing peripheral reticulation of lung parenchyma from pleura and accurately identifying the complex density patterns that accompany honeycombing. Robust and validated texture-based analysis may remove the subjectivity that is inherent to qualitative reporting and allow greater objective measurements of change over time. In addition to lung parenchymal feature quantification, pulmonary vessel volume analysis on CT has demonstrated prognostic value in two retrospective analyses and may be a sign of vascular changes in ILD which, to date, have been difficult to quantify in the absence of overt pulmonary hypertension. Novel applications of existing imaging techniques, such as hyperpolarised gas MRI and positron emission tomography (PET), show promise in combining structural and functional information. Although structural imaging of lung tissue is inherently challenging in terms of conventional proton MRI techniques, inroads are being made with ultrashort echo time, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI may be used for lung perfusion assessment. In addition, inhaled hyperpolarised 129Xenon gas MRI may provide multifunctional imaging metrics, including assessment of ventilation, intra-acinar gas diffusion and alveolar-capillary diffusion. PET has demonstrated high standard uptake values (SUVs) of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose in fibrosed lung tissue, challenging the assumption that these are ‘burned out’ and metabolically inactive regions. Regions that appear structurally normal also appear to have higher SUV, warranting further exploration with future longitudinal studies to assess if this precedes future regions of macroscopic structural change. Given the subtleties involved in diagnosing, assessing and predicting future deterioration in many forms of ILD, multimodal quantitative lung structure-function imaging may provide the means of identifying novel, sensitive and clinically applicable imaging markers of disease. Such imaging metrics may provide mechanistic and phenotypic information that can help direct appropriate personalised therapy, can be used to predict outcomes and could potentially be more sensitive and specific than global pulmonary function testing. Quantitative assessment may objectively assess subtle change in character or extent of disease that can assist in efficacy of antifibrotic therapy or detecting early changes of potentially pneumotoxic drugs involved in early intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James A Eaden
- Academic Unit of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Neil J Stewart
- Academic Unit of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Brian J Bartholmai
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Minnesota, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andrew J Swift
- Academic Unit of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stephen Mark Bianchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jim M Wild
- Academic Unit of Academic Radiology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Yin N, Shen C, Dong F, Wang J, Guo Y, Bai L. Computer-aided identification of interstitial lung disease based on computed tomography. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019; 27:591-603. [PMID: 31205009 DOI: 10.3233/xst-180460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identification of interstitial lung disease (ILD) may be difficult in certain cases using pulmonary function tests (PFTs) or subjective radiological analysis. We evaluated the efficacy of quantitative computed tomography (CT) with 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction for distinguishing ILD patients from healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively collected chest CT images of 102 ILD patients and 102 healthy matched controls, and measured the following parameters: lung parenchymal volume, emphysema indices low attenuation area LAA910 volume, LAA950 volume, LAA910%, and LAA950%, and mean lung density (MLD) for whole lung, left lung, right lung, and each lobe, respectively. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare quantitative CT parameters between groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Bayesian stepwise discriminant analysis, and deep neural network analysis were used to test the discriminative performance of quantitative CT parameters. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify ILD markers. RESULTS Total lung volume was lower in ILD patients than controls, while emphysema and MLD values were higher (P < 0.001) except LAA910 volume in right middle lobe. LAA910 volume, LAA950 volume, LAA910%, LAA950%, and MLD accurately distinguished ILD patients from healthy controls (AUC >0.5, P < 0.05), and high MLD was a significant marker for ILD (OR = 1.047, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This quantitative CT analysis can effectively identify ILD patients, providing an alternative to subjective image analysis and PFTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Yin
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Cong Shen
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fuwen Dong
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Medical Imaging, the Traditional Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Youmin Guo
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Bai
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Romei C, Turturici L, Tavanti L, Miedema J, Fiorini S, Marletta M, Wielopolski P, Tiddens H, Falaschi F, Ciet P. The use of chest magnetic resonance imaging in interstitial lung disease: a systematic review. Eur Respir Rev 2018; 27:27/150/180062. [PMID: 30567932 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0062-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Thin-slices multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) plays a key role in the differential diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD). However, thin-slices MDCT has a limited ability to detect active inflammation, which is an important target of newly developed ILD drug therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), thanks to its multi-parameter capability, provides better tissue characterisation than thin-slices MDCT.Our aim was to summarise the current status of MRI applications in ILD and to propose an ILD-MRI protocol. A systematic literature search was conducted for relevant studies on chest MRI in patients with ILD.We retrieved 1246 papers of which 55 original papers were selected for the review. We identified 24 studies comparing image quality of thin-slices MDCT and MRI using several MRI sequences. These studies described new MRI sequences to assess ILD parenchymal abnormalities, such as honeycombing, reticulation and ground-glass opacity. Thin-slices MDCT remains superior to MRI for morphological imaging. However, recent studies with ultra-short echo-time MRI showed image quality comparable to thin-slices MDCT. Several studies demonstrated the added value of chest MRI by using functional imaging, especially to detect and quantify inflammatory changes.We concluded that chest MRI could play a role in ILD patients to differentiate inflammatory and fibrotic changes and to assess efficacy of new ILD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Romei
- 2nd Radiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Turturici
- Radiology, Azienda USL Toscana nord ovest Sede di Viareggio, Viareggio, Italy
| | - Laura Tavanti
- Dept of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jelle Miedema
- Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Fiorini
- 1st Radiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Marletta
- 1st Radiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Piotr Wielopolski
- Dept of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harm Tiddens
- Dept of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Dept of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fabio Falaschi
- 2nd Radiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Ciet
- Dept of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Dept of Pediatric Pulmonology and Allergology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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43
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Abstract
Recent developments in sensor technology and computational analysis methods enable new strategies to measure and interpret lung acoustic signals that originate internally, such as breathing or vocal sounds, or are externally introduced, such as in chest percussion or airway insonification. A better understanding of these sounds has resulted in a new instrumentation that allows for highly accurate as well as portable options for measurement in the hospital, in the clinic, and even at home. This review outlines the instrumentation for acoustic stimulation and measurement of the lungs. We first review the fundamentals of acoustic lung signals and the pathophysiology of the diseases that these signals are used to detect. Then, we focus on different methods of measuring and creating signals that have been used in recent research for pulmonary disease diagnosis. These new methods, combined with signal processing and modeling techniques, lead to a reduction in noise and allow improved feature extraction and signal classification. We conclude by presenting the results of human subject studies taking advantage of both the instrumentation and signal processing tools to accurately diagnose common lung diseases. This paper emphasizes the active areas of research within modern lung acoustics and encourages the standardization of future work in this field.
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Hasse K, Neylon J, Min Y, O'Connell D, Lee P, Low DA, Santhanam AP. Feasibility of deriving a novel imaging biomarker based on patient-specific lung elasticity for characterizing the degree of COPD in lung SBRT patients. Br J Radiol 2018; 92:20180296. [PMID: 30281329 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20180296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Lung tissue elasticity is an effective spatial representation for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease phenotypes and pathophysiology. We investigated a novel imaging biomarker based on the voxel-by-voxel distribution of lung tissue elasticity. Our approach combines imaging and biomechanical modeling to characterize tissue elasticity. METHODS: We acquired 4DCT images for 13 lung cancer patients with known COPD diagnoses based on GOLD 2017 criteria. Deformation vector fields (DVFs) from the deformable registration of end-inhalation and end-exhalation breathing phases were taken to be the ground-truth. A linear elastic biomechanical model was assembled from end-exhalation datasets with a density-guided initial elasticity distribution. The elasticity estimation was formulated as an iterative process, where the elasticity was optimized based on its ability to reconstruct the ground-truth. An imaging biomarker (denoted YM1-3) derived from the optimized elasticity distribution, was compared with the current gold standard, RA950 using confusion matrix and area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: The estimated elasticity had 90 % accuracy when representing the ground-truth DVFs. The YM1-3 biomarker had higher diagnostic accuracy (86% vs 71 %), higher sensitivity (0.875 vs 0.5), and a higher AUROC curve (0.917 vs 0.875) as compared to RA950. Along with acting as an effective spatial indicator of lung pathophysiology, the YM1-3 biomarker also proved to be a better indicator for diagnostic purposes than RA950. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the results suggest that, as a biomarker, lung tissue elasticity will lead to new end points for clinical trials and new targeted treatment for COPD subgroups. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: The derivation of elasticity information directly from 4DCT imaging data is a novel method for performing lung elastography. The work demonstrates the need for a mechanics-based biomarker for representing lung pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Hasse
- 1 Departmentof Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Plaza Driveway , Los Angeles, CA , US
| | - John Neylon
- 1 Departmentof Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Plaza Driveway , Los Angeles, CA , US
| | - Yugang Min
- 1 Departmentof Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Plaza Driveway , Los Angeles, CA , US
| | - Dylan O'Connell
- 1 Departmentof Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Plaza Driveway , Los Angeles, CA , US
| | - Percy Lee
- 1 Departmentof Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Plaza Driveway , Los Angeles, CA , US
| | - Daniel A Low
- 1 Departmentof Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Plaza Driveway , Los Angeles, CA , US
| | - Anand P Santhanam
- 1 Departmentof Radiation Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles Medical Plaza Driveway , Los Angeles, CA , US
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45
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Abstract
The mechanical properties of soft tissues are closely associated with a variety of diseases. This motivates the development of elastography techniques in which tissue mechanical properties are quantitatively estimated through imaging. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is a noninvasive phase-contrast MR technique wherein shear modulus of soft tissue can be spatially and temporally estimated. MRE has recently received significant attention due to its capability in noninvasively estimating tissue mechanical properties, which can offer considerable diagnostic potential. In this work, recent technology advances of MRE, its future clinical applications, and the related limitations will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Dong
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Richard D. White
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Cardiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Arunark Kolipaka
- Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Cardiology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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46
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Sicard D, Haak AJ, Choi KM, Craig AR, Fredenburgh LE, Tschumperlin DJ. Aging and anatomical variations in lung tissue stiffness. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 314:L946-L955. [PMID: 29469613 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00415.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung function is inherently mechanical in nature and depends on the capacity to conduct air and blood to and from the gas exchange regions. Variations in the elastic properties of the human lung across anatomical compartments and with aging are likely important determinants of lung function but remain relatively poorly characterized. Here we applied atomic force microscopy microindentation to characterize human lung tissue from subjects ranging in age from 11 to 60 yr old. We observed striking anatomical variations in elastic modulus, with the airways (200- to 350-µm diameter) the stiffest and the parenchymal regions the most compliant. Vessels (diameter < 100 µm) represented an intermediate mechanical environment and displayed diameter-dependent trends in elastic modulus. Binning our samples into younger (11-30 yr old) and older (41-60 yr old) groups, we observed significant age-related increases in stiffness in parenchymal and vessel compartments, with the most pronounced changes in the vessels. To investigate cellular mechanisms that might contribute to vascular stiffening with aging, we studied primary human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells from subjects ranging in age from 11 to 60 yr old. While we observed no change in the mechanical properties of the cells themselves, we did observe trends toward increases in traction forces and extracellular matrix deposition with aging. These results demonstrate age-related changes in tissue mechanical properties that likely contribute to impaired lung function with aging and underscore the potential to identify mechanisms that contribute to mechanical tissue remodeling through the study of human cells and tissues from across the aging spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Sicard
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew J Haak
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Kyoung Moo Choi
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Alexandria R Craig
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Laura E Fredenburgh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, Minnesota
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47
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Haak AJ, Tan Q, Tschumperlin DJ. Matrix biomechanics and dynamics in pulmonary fibrosis. Matrix Biol 2017; 73:64-76. [PMID: 29274939 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The composition and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix are dramatically altered during the development and progression of pulmonary fibrosis. Recent evidence indicates that these changes in matrix composition and mechanics are not only end-results of fibrotic remodeling, but active participants in driving disease progression. These insights have stimulated interest in identifying the components and physical aspects of the matrix that contribute to cell activation and disease initiation and progression. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the biomechanics and dynamics of the ECM in mouse models and human IPF, and discusses how matrix mechanical and compositional changes might be non-invasively assessed, therapeutically targeted, and biologically restored to resolve fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Haak
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Qi Tan
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, United States.
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48
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Measured pulmonary arterial tissue stiffness is highly sensitive to AFM indenter dimensions. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 74:118-127. [PMID: 28595103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of pulmonary tissues are important in normal function and the development of diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension. Hence it is critical to measure lung tissue micromechanical properties as accurately as possible in order to gain insight into the normal and pathological range of tissue stiffness associated with development, aging and disease processes. In this study, we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) micro-indentation to characterize the Young's modulus of small human pulmonary arteries (vessel diameter less than 100µm), and examined the influence of AFM tip geometry and diameter, lung tissue section thickness and the range of working force applied to the sample on the measured modulus. We observed a significant increase of the measured Young's modulus of pulmonary vessels (one order of magnitude) associated with the use of a pyramidal sharp AFM tips (20nm radius), compared to two larger spherical tips (1 and 2.5µm radius) which generated statistically indistinguishable results. The effect of tissue section thickness (ranging from 10 to 50 μm) on the measured elastic modulus was relatively smaller (<1-fold), but resulted in a significant increase in measured elastic modulus for the thinnest sections (10 μm) relative to the thicker (20 and 50 μm) sections. We also found that the measured elastic modulus depends modestly (again <1-fold), but significantly, on the magnitude of force applied, but only on thick (50 μm) and not thin (10 μm) tissue sections. Taken together these results demonstrate a dominant effect of indenter shape/radius on the measured elastic modulus of pulmonary arterial tissues, with lesser effects of tissue thickness and applied force. The results of this study highlight the importance of AFM parameter selection for accurate characterization of pulmonary arterial tissue mechanical properties, and allow for comparison of literature values for lung vessel tissue mechanical properties measured by AFM across a range of indenter and indentation parameters.
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