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Song D, Liu J, Liu Y. Reactive Paper Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Detection of Estrogens in Cosmetics. Molecules 2023; 28:5675. [PMID: 37570649 PMCID: PMC10419539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid detection of harmful estrogens in cosmetics is essential in protecting public health. To reduce time-consuming pretreatment and analytical procedures, a novel reactive paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (RPSI-MS) methodology was developed. RPSI-MS is suitable for quantitatively analyzing estrogens in cosmetics by utilizing an online derivatization reaction between estrogens and 2-fluoro-1-methyl-pyridinium-p-toluene-sulfonate (FluMP). Using estradiol valerate as the internal standard (I.S.), three estrogens, estradiol, estriol, and ethinyloestradiol, in cosmetics were quantitatively characterized within minutes. Multiple parameters were optimized including FluMP concentration and volume, triethylamine amount as well as the drying time. The three estrogens displayed good linearity ranging from 0.002 to 1 μg/mL, with R2 above 0.99. The recovery results of all the estrogens were within 80~111%. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.001 μg/mL for the three estrogens. Compared to conventional paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PSI-MS), extraction is not required and the detection sensitivity of RPSI-MS was improved by 34,000, 80,000, and 1400 times for estradiol, estriol, and ethinyloestradiol, respectively. The protocol established in this paper is sensitive, eco-friendly, and suitable for rapid testing of estrogens in cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongning Song
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (D.S.); (J.L.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Chemical Drugs, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Jing Liu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (D.S.); (J.L.)
| | - Yang Liu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China; (D.S.); (J.L.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Chemical Drugs, Beijing 102629, China
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Song D, Yuan S, Zhang C, Luan L, Liu Y, Zhang Q. Rapid Detection of Estrogens in Cosmetics by Chemical Derivatization and Paper-Spray Ionization Mass-Spectrometry. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031130. [PMID: 36770794 PMCID: PMC9920920 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens in personal care products are harmful to customers. Conventional methods such as HPLC and LC-MS require tedious sample pretreatment and long analytical time. Paper-spray ionization mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) is a powerful tool for the determination of compounds with little time and minimal pretreatment procedures. Since most estrogens show poor responses in PSI-MS, we developed a chemical derivatization and PSI-MS method to determinate three estrogens: estradiol, estriol and ethinyloestradiol with estradiol valerate as the internal standard (I.S.). After derivatization with 2-fluoro-1-methyl-pyridinium-p-toluene-sulfonate, the three estrogens could be quantified in seconds. This method showed good linearity in the range of 0.1~30 μg·mL-1, with R2 > 0.999. Their recovery results were all between 85%~115%. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.04 μg·mL-1, 0.02 μg·mL-1 and 0.02 μg·mL-1 for estradiol, estriol and ethinyloestradiol respectively, which improved around 200, 2000, and 900 times compared to non-derivative PSI-MS. The method could quantitatively determine estrogens in cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongning Song
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Chemical Drugs, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Song Yuan
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Chemical Drugs, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Caiyu Zhang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Chemical Drugs, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Lin Luan
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Chemical Drugs, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Yang Liu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Chemical Drugs, Beijing 102629, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Qingsheng Zhang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102629, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Chemical Drugs, Beijing 102629, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (Q.Z.)
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Al-Zahrani MA, Al-Asmari AI, Al-Zahrani FF, Torrance HJ, Watson DG. Quantification of cannabinoids in human hair using a modified derivatization procedure and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Drug Test Anal 2021; 13:1095-1107. [PMID: 33491296 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop and validate a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for detecting of the main cannabinoids, cannabinol (CBN) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and the primary metabolite 11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC-COOH) in hair samples. Extraction of the cannabinoids was carried out by a polymeric strong anion mixed-mode solid-phase extraction cartridge and then employing methanolic HCl followed by 2-fluoro-1-methylpyridinium-p-toluenesulfonate (FMP-TS) as a derivatization procedure of carboxyl and phenolic groups, respectively, offering enhanced sensitivity for the detection of THC-COOH in hair matrices. Formation of a methyl ester increased its lipophilicity and removed the negative charge on the carboxyl group. Calibration curves were prepared over the range of 0.02-4 pg/mg of hair for THC and CBN and 0.2-12 pg/mg of hair for THC-COOH. The extraction recovery was between 81% and 105% for all compounds. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 2 and 20 pg/mg, respectively, for both CBN and THC and 0.1 and 0.2 pg/mg, respectively, for THC-COOH, which met the society of hair testing recommendation. Intra-assay and interassay precision were always lower than 4% and 11%, respectively for these cannabinoids, whereas intra-assay and interassay bias were between +14% and -18% and +15% and -12%, respectively. Twenty-seven hair specimens from cannabis users were investigated. The concentrations of CBN, THC and THC-COOH gave ranges of (0.022-2.562 ng/mg), (0.049-0.431 ng/mg) and (0.222-4.867 pg/mg), respectively. This new method of derivatization improves the LOD to ensure detection of the metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour A Al-Zahrani
- Poison Control and Forensic Chemistry Center, Ministry of Health, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Farouq F Al-Zahrani
- Department of Forensic Toxicology, Naïf College for National Security, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazel J Torrance
- Forensic Medicine and Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - David G Watson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
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Beasley E, Francese S, Bassindale T. Detection and Mapping of Cannabinoids in Single Hair Samples through Rapid Derivatization and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2016; 88:10328-10334. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma Beasley
- Centre
for Mass Spectrometry
Imaging, Biomolecular Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard
Street, S1 1WB Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Simona Francese
- Centre
for Mass Spectrometry
Imaging, Biomolecular Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard
Street, S1 1WB Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Bassindale
- Centre
for Mass Spectrometry
Imaging, Biomolecular Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard
Street, S1 1WB Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Hair Analysis for Long-Term Monitoring of Buprenorphine Intake in Opiate Withdrawal. Ther Drug Monit 2014; 36:796-807. [DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0000000000000078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Belivanis S, Tzatzarakis MN, Vakonaki E, Kovatsi L, Mantsi M, Alegakis A, Kavvalakis MP, Vynias D, Tsatsakis AM. Buprenorphine and nor-buprenorphine levels in head hair samples from former heroin users under Suboxone® treatment. Drug Test Anal 2014; 6 Suppl 1:93-100. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.1611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stamatis Belivanis
- Center of Toxicology Science &Research, Medical School; University of Crete; Heraklion Greece
| | - Manolis N. Tzatzarakis
- Center of Toxicology Science &Research, Medical School; University of Crete; Heraklion Greece
| | - Elena Vakonaki
- Center of Toxicology Science &Research, Medical School; University of Crete; Heraklion Greece
| | - Leda Kovatsi
- Laboratory of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Mary Mantsi
- Greek National Organization Against Drugs; Athens Greece
| | - Athanasios Alegakis
- Center of Toxicology Science &Research, Medical School; University of Crete; Heraklion Greece
| | - Matthaios P. Kavvalakis
- Center of Toxicology Science &Research, Medical School; University of Crete; Heraklion Greece
| | - Dionisios Vynias
- Center of Toxicology Science &Research, Medical School; University of Crete; Heraklion Greece
| | - Aristidis M. Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science &Research, Medical School; University of Crete; Heraklion Greece
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Hegstad S, Hermansson S, Betnér I, Spigset O, Falch BMH. Screening and quantitative determination of drugs of abuse in diluted urine by UPLC–MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 947-948:83-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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8
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Thieme D, Sachs H, Uhl M. Proof of cannabis administration by sensitive detection of 11-nor-Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid in hair using selective methylation and application of liquid chromatography- tandem and multistage mass spectrometry. Drug Test Anal 2013; 6:112-8. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.1565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Detlef Thieme
- Institute of Doping Analysis; Dresdner str. 12 01731 Kreischa Germany
| | - Hans Sachs
- Forensic Toxicological Center; Bayerstr. 53 80335 Munich Germany
| | - Michael Uhl
- Bavarian State Criminal Police Office; Maillingerstr. 15 80636 Munich Germany
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Zarei M. A convenient synthesis of 2-azetidinones via 2-fluoro-1-methylpyridinium p-toluenesulfonate. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-012-0918-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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A sensitive, simple and rapid HPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of buprenorpine and its N-dealkylated metabolite norbuprenorphine in human plasma. J Pharm Anal 2013; 3:221-228. [PMID: 29403821 PMCID: PMC5760959 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A sensitive, simple and rapid high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) method was developed and fully validated for the simultaneous quantification of buprenorphine (BUP) and its N-dealkylated metabolite norbuprenorphine (NBUP) in 200 μL human plasma. Human plasma samples were prepared using liquid–liquid extraction, and then separated on a Shiseido MG C18 (5 μm, 2.0 mm×50 mm) via 4.1 min gradient elution. Following electrospray ionization, the analytes were quantified on a triple–quadrupole mass spectrometer in multiple-reaction-monitoring (MRM) positive ion mode. Linearity was achieved from 25.0 to 10000 pg/mL for buprenorphine, from 20.0 to 8000 pg/mL for norbuprenorphine with r2>0.99. The method was demonstrated with acceptable accuracy, precision and specificity for the detection of buprenorphine and norbuprenorphine. Recovery was 81.8–88.8% for buprenorphine and 77.0–84.6% for norbuprenorphine, and the matrix effect was 95.6–97.4% for buprenorphine and 94.0–96.9% for norbuprenorphine; all were not concentration dependent. With validated matrix and autosampler stability data, this method was successfully applied in a bioequivalence study to support abbreviated new drug application.
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Couchman L, Morgan PE. LC-MS in analytical toxicology: some practical considerations. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 25:100-23. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Wang YS, Lin DL, Yang SC, Wu MY, Liu RH, Su LW, Cheng PS, Liu C, Fuh MR. Issues pertaining to the analysis of buprenorphine and its metabolites by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:1688-94. [PMID: 20122691 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
"Substitution therapy" and the use of buprenorphine (B) as an agent for treating heroin addiction continue to gain acceptance and have recently been implemented in Taiwan. Mature and widely utilized gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technology can complement the low cost and highly sensitive immunoassay (IA) approach to facilitate the implementation of analytical tasks supporting compliance monitoring and pharmacokinetic/pharmacogenetic studies. Issues critical to GC-MS analysis of B and norbuprenorphine (NB) (free and as glucuronides), including extraction, hydrolysis, derivatization, and quantitation approaches were studied, followed by comparing the resulting data against those derived from IA and two types of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods. Commercial solid-phase extraction devices, highly effective for recovering all metabolites, may not be suitable for the analysis of free B and NB; acetyl-derivatization products exhibit the most favorable chromatographic, ion intensity, and cross-contribution characteristics for GC-MS analysis. Evaluation of IA, GC-MS, and LC-MS/MS data obtained in three laboratories has proven the 2-aliquot GC-MS protocol effective for the determination of free B and NB and their glucuronides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shan Wang
- Department of Medical Technology, Fooyin University, 151 Ching-Hsueh Road, Ta-Liao Hsiang, Kaohsiung Hsien 831, Taiwan
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Concheiro M, Jones H, Johnson RE, Shakleya DM, Huestis MA. Confirmatory analysis of buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, and glucuronide metabolites in plasma by LCMSMS. Application to umbilical cord plasma from buprenorphine-maintained pregnant women. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:13-20. [PMID: 19945361 PMCID: PMC3844292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2009.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2009] [Revised: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 11/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An LCMSMS method was developed and fully validated for the simultaneous quantification of buprenorphine (BUP), norbuprenorphine (NBUP), buprenorphine-glucuronide (BUP-Gluc), and norbuprenorphine-glucuronide (NBUP-Gluc) in 0.5mL plasma, fulfilling confirmation criteria with two transitions for each compound with acceptable relative ion intensities. Transitions monitored were 468.3>396.2 and 468.3>414.3 for BUP, 414.3>340.1 and 414.3>326.0 for NBUP, 644.3>468.1 and 644.3>396.3 for BUP-Gluc, and 590.3>414.3 and 590.3>396.2 for NBUP-Gluc. Linearity was 0.1-50ng/mL for BUP and BUP-Gluc, and 0.5-50ng/mL for NBUP and NBUP-Gluc. Intra-day, inter-day, and total assay imprecision (%RSD) were <16.8%, and analytical recoveries were 88.6-108.7%. Extraction efficiencies ranged from 71.1 to 87.1%, and process efficiencies 48.7 to 127.7%. All compounds showed ion enhancement, except BUP-Gluc that demonstrated ion suppression: variation between 10 different blank plasma specimens was <9.1%. In six umbilical cord plasma specimens from opioid-dependent pregnant women receiving 14-24mg/day BUP, NBUP-Gluc was the predominant metabolite (29.8+/-7.6ng/mL), with BUP-Gluc (4.6+/-4.8ng/mL), NBUP (1.5+/-0.8ng/mL) and BUP (0.4+/-0.2ng/mL). Although BUP biomarkers can be quantified in umbilical cord plasma in low ng/mL concentrations, the significance of these data as predictors of neonatal outcomes is currently unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Concheiro
- Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC), 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 200, Room 05A721, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Hendreé Jones
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 4940 Eastern Ave. D-3-East, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 4940 Eastern Ave. D-3-East, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Rolley E. Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 4940 Eastern Ave. D-3-East, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Diaa M. Shakleya
- Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC), 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 200, Room 05A721, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Marilyn A. Huestis
- Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center (BRC), 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 200, Room 05A721, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Concheiro M, Shakleya DM, Huestis MA. Simultaneous quantification of buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, buprenorphine-glucuronide and norbuprenorphine-glucuronide in human umbilical cord by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Forensic Sci Int 2009; 188:144-51. [PMID: 19406593 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Revised: 03/24/2009] [Accepted: 04/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A LCMS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of buprenorphine (BUP), norbuprenorphine (NBUP), buprenorphine-glucuronide (BUP-Gluc) and norbuprenorphine-glucuronide (NBUP-Gluc) in human umbilical cord. Quantification was achieved by selected ion monitoring of precursor ions m/z 468.4 for BUP; 414.3 for NBUP; 644.4 for BUP-Gluc and 590 for NBUP-Gluc. BUP and NBUP were identified by MS(2), with m/z 396, 414 and 426 for BUP, and m/z 340, 364 and 382 for NBUP. Glucuronide conjugates were identified by MS(3) with m/z 396 and 414 for BUP-Gluc and m/z 340 and 382 for NBUP-Gluc. The assay was linear 1-50 ng/g. Intra-day, inter-day and total assay imprecision (%RSD) were <14.5%, and analytical recovery ranged from 94.1% to 112.3% for all analytes. Extraction efficiencies were >66.3%, and process efficiency >73.4%. Matrix effect ranged, in absolute value, from 3.7% to 7.4% (CV<21.8%, n=8). The method was selective with no endogenous or exogenous interferences from 41 compounds evaluated. Sensitivity was high with limits of detection of 0.8 ng/g. In order to prove method applicability, an authentic umbilical cord obtained from an opioid-dependent pregnant woman receiving BUP pharmacotherapy was analyzed. Interestingly, BUP was not detected but concentrations of the other metabolites were NBUP-Gluc 13.4 ng/g, BUP-Gluc 3.5 ng/g and NBUP 1.2 ng/g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Concheiro
- Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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Simultaneous quantification of buprenorphine, norbuprenorphine, buprenorphine glucuronide, and norbuprenorphine glucuronide in human placenta by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 394:513-22. [PMID: 19247639 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2706-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2008] [Revised: 02/09/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A LCMS method was developed and validated for the determination of buprenorphine (BUP), norbuprenorphine (NBUP), buprenorphine glucuronide (BUP-Gluc), and norbuprenorphine glucuronide (NBUP-Gluc) in placenta. Quantification was achieved by selected ion monitoring of m/z 468.4 (BUP), 414.3 (NBUP), 644.4 (BUP-Gluc), and 590 (NBUP-Gluc). BUP and NBUP were identified monitoring MS(2) fragments m/z 396, 414 and 426 for BUP, and 340, 364 and 382 for NBUP, and glucuronide conjugates monitoring MS(3) fragments m/z 396 and 414 for BUP-Gluc, and 340 and 382 for NBUP-Gluc. Linearity was 1-50 ng/g. Intra-day, inter-day and total assay imprecision (% RSD) were <13.4%, and analytical recoveries were 96.2-113.1%. Extraction efficiencies ranged from 40.7-68%, process efficiencies 38.8-70.5%, and matrix effect 1.3-15.4%. Limits of detection were 0.8 ng/g for all compounds. An authentic placenta from an opioid-dependent pregnant woman receiving BUP pharmacotherapy was analyzed. BUP was not detected but metabolite concentrations were NBUP-Gluc 46.6, NBUP 15.7 and BUP-Gluc 3.2 ng/g.
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Trevorrow P. Launch Editorial. Drug Test Anal 2009; 1:1-3. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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