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Xue M, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Mu Q, Cui Y, Qian K, Chai X. Illumination on Chemical Compounds from Qufeng Zhitong Capsule and Its Potential Pharmacological Mechanism against Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap-MS Combined with Network Pharmacology Analysis. Int J Anal Chem 2022; 2022:7863435. [PMID: 36530379 PMCID: PMC9750772 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7863435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Qufeng Zhitong capsule (QZC), a Chinese patent medicine officially approved in China for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other diseases, possesses the primary effects of dispelling wind, relieving pain, and promoting blood circulation, whose clinical applications have been confined owing to the incomplete elucidation of its chemical compositions and the underlying molecular mechanism for the treatment of RA. In this study, 61 compounds including 16 phenylpropanoids, 15 organic acids, 13 alkaloids, seven flavonoids, six iridoids, one saccharide, two aldehydes, and one saponin in QZC were simultaneously identified and traced to their herbal origins by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem Q-Exactive Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-Orbitrap-MS), where 31 of them were unambiguously identified by reference compounds, and the other 30 were tentatively characterized. Besides, all these compounds were proven to have potential pharmacological activity in the treatment of RA based on network pharmacology analysis. In conclusion, this study first investigated the chemical composition and potential pharmacological effects of the main chemical compounds in QZC, which will contribute to the revelation of bioactive compounds in QZC and provide evidence for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Qixuan Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ying Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Ke Qian
- Shaanxi Buchang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, China
| | - Xin Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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Liu S, Lai C, Long Y, Yang W, Ren Q, Huang L, Chen J. The global profiling of alkaloids in Aconitum stapfianum and analysis of detoxification material basis against Fuzi. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1652:462362. [PMID: 34261022 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aconitum alkaloids are versatile in chemical structures and are well known for their bioactivity and toxicity. Cases of analogs with closely similar structures or positional isomers are widespread in herbs of the Aconitum genus. It is still challenging to rapidly identify unknown compounds via mass spectrometry, especially positional isomers. Herein, to profile the alkaloids of Aconitum stapfianum that possess bioactivity against intoxication by the lateral root of Aconitum carmichaelii (Fuzi), a strategy was developed by carefully determining the fragmentation pathways of authentic standards. A series of rules was summarized and involved charge site effects, hydrogen bonding effects, competitive channels between charge-remote reactions and charge migration reactions, and fragment patterns exhibiting a "diamond shape". Accordingly, a total of 124 alkaloids in A. stapfianum were tentatively characterized, including 85 potential new compounds and 24 sets of isomers. On the other hand, to explore the material basis of detoxification, a chemical constituent comparison was made between A. stapfianum and Fuzi, and principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were performed to identify markers that were different between the two . In total, 25 characteristic markers were identified to discriminate between these two herbal medicines, of which 14 compounds were specific for A. stapfianum and most of them were characteristic for a para-substituted benzoic acid ester at C-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Liu
- School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Changjiangsheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijng 100700, China
| | - Yihong Long
- School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Weiran Yang
- School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Qi Ren
- Jiangxi Institute for Drug Control, NMPA Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine, Jiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Drug and Medical Device Quality, Nanchang 330029, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijng 100700, China.
| | - Jinlong Chen
- School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; Center for Post-doctoral research, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijng 100700, China.
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Shi Y, Zhao Y, Qian J, Dong Z, Wen G, Zhao D, Kennelly EJ. Aconitum Diterpenoid Alkaloid Profiling to Distinguish between the Official Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Fuzi and Adulterant Species Using LC-qToF-MS with Chemometrics. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:570-587. [PMID: 33496169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaelii, known in Chinese as fuzi, are officially recognized as a materia medica in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and used culinarily to prepare herbal soups. A strategy combining UPLC-qToF-MS analysis of A. carmichaelii and its intraspecies and interspecies chemometrics study was developed to examine the distribution of Aconitum marker metabolites. Four diterpenoid alkaloids were recognized to be important markers in fuzi, and another 15 markers were identified to differentiate A. carmichaelii from adulterant species. The detected fuzi markers, mesaconitine (47) and hypaconitine (51), are known to be the principal toxins in this herb, while fuziline (6) and benzoylmesaconine (25) are associated with its medicinal properties. Additional marker compounds have been detected in other Aconitum species that are useful for identifying adulteration. This study provides a useful resource for detecting traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) adulterants and assisting in the quality control of botanical products in TCM and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Shi
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, New York 10468, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Junxiang Qian
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Dong
- Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Guosong Wen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Dake Zhao
- Biocontrol Engineering Research Center of Crop Disease and Pest, Yunnan University, Kunming 650405, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650405, People's Republic of China
| | - Edward J Kennelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, New York 10468, United States
- Ph.D. Programs in Biochemistry, Biology, and Chemistry, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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Guan H, Luo X, Chang X, Su M, Li Z, Li P, Wang X, Shi Y. Identification of the Chemical Constituents of an Anti-Arthritic Chinese Medicine Wen Luo Yin by Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2019; 24:E233. [PMID: 30634574 PMCID: PMC6359360 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Wen Luo Yin (WLY), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine formulation, has been used as a complementary therapy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in clinical settings. However, the chemical constituents of WLY remain unclear. In this study, a high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry method was established to separate and comprehensively identify the chemical constituents of WLY. The analytes were eluted with a mobile phase of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous acetic acid. Mass detection was performed in both positive and negative ion mode. The MS/MS fragmentation pathways were proposed for the identification of the components. A total of 42 compounds including sesquiterpenes, alkaloids, biflavonoids, polyacetylenes, phenylpropanoids and acetylenic phenols were identified unambiguously or tentatively according to their retention times and mass behavior with those of authentic standards or literature data. The identification and structural elucidation of chemical constituents may provide important information for quality control and pharmacological research of WLY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanyu Guan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
| | - Xiaomei Luo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Chang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Meifeng Su
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zhuangzhuang Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Pengfei Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yue Shi
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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Liang Y, Yan GY, Wu JL, Zong X, Liu Z, Zhou H, Liu L, Li N. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of lipo-alkaloids and fatty acids in Aconitum carmichaelii using LC-MS and GC-MS. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2018; 29:398-405. [PMID: 29603449 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lipo-alkaloid (LA) is a kind of C19 -norditerpenoid alkaloid in Aconitum species, which usually contains an aconitane skeleton and one or two fatty acid residues. OBJECTIVE To qualify and quantify the fatty acids and lipo-alkaloids in Aconitum carmichaelii. METHODOLOGY An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QQQ-MS) method was established to quantify LAs, while the free fatty acids were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS). RESULTS Six major LAs (1-6) containing linoleic, palmitic, and oleic acid residues as side chains were quantified. Eighteen fatty acids were determined by GC-MS, and 15 were detected as the side chains of LAs. The LAs containing these 15 fatty acid residues accounted for about a third of the total identified LAs. Moreover, the contents of linoleic, palmitic, and oleic acids were highest. In addition, 12 oxygenated fatty acids were also identified by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS for the first time. CONCLUSION The positive correlation between free fatty acids and LAs in A. carmichaelii indicated that the types and contents of LAs were influenced by free fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
- School of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
| | - Guan-Yu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
- School of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
| | - Jian-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
| | - Xingxing Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
- School of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao
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Bioactive heterocyclic alkaloids with diterpene structure isolated from traditional Chinese medicines. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1026:56-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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7
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Liang Y, Wu JL, Leung ELH, Zhou H, Liu Z, Yan G, Liu Y, Liu L, Li N. Identification of Oxygenated Fatty Acid as a Side Chain of Lipo-Alkaloids in Aconitum carmichaelii by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS and a Database. Molecules 2016; 21:437. [PMID: 27043515 PMCID: PMC6273321 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21040437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipo-alkaloid is a kind of C19-norditerpenoid alkaloid usually found in Aconitum species. Structurally, they contain an aconitane skeleton and one or two fatty acid moieties of 3–25 carbon chains with 1–6 unsaturated degrees. Analysis of the lipo-alkaloids in roots of Aconitum carmichaelii resulted in the isolation of six known pure lipo-alkaloids (A1–A6) and a lipo-alkaloid mixture (A7). The mixture shared the same aconitane skeleton of 14-benzoylmesaconine, but their side chains were determined to be 9-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid, 13-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid and 10-hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid, respectively, by MS/MS analysis after alkaline hydrolysis. To our knowledge, this is the first time of the reporting of the oxygenated fatty acids as the side chains in naturally-occurring lipo-alkaloids. In order to identify more lipo-alkaloids, a compound database was established based on various combinations between the aconitane skeleton and the fatty acid chain, and then, the identification of lipo-alkaloids was conducted using the database, UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS and MS/MS. Finally, 148 lipo-alkaloids were identified from A. carmichaelii after intensive MS/MS analysis, including 93 potential new compounds and 38 compounds with oxygenated fatty acid moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
- School of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Jian-Lin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Elaine Lai-Han Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Guanyu Yan
- School of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Basic Medicinal Sciences and Nursing, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macao, China.
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Wang B, Dong J, Ji J, Yuan J, Wang J, Wu J, Tan P, Liu Y. Study on the Alkaloids in Tibetan Medicine Aconitum pendulum Busch by HPLC-MSn Combined with Column Chromatography. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:752-8. [PMID: 26896350 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
A rapid, convenient and effective identification method of alkaloids was established and an attempt on isolating and analyzing the alkaloids in Aconitum pendulum Busch was conducted successfully. In this article, four high-content components including deoxyaconitine, benzoylaconine, aconine and neoline were isolated by using column chromatography. HPLC-MS(n)was employed to deduce the regulations of fragmentation of diterpenoid alkaloids which displayed a characteristic behavior of loss of CO(28u), CH3COOH(60u), CH3OH(32u), H2O(18u) and C6H5COOH(122u). Then, according to fragmentation regulation of mass spectrometry, 42 alkaloids were found inA. pendulum Among them, 38 compounds were identified and 29 alkaloids were reported for the first time for this herb. Therefore, this means that HPLC-MS(n)combined with column chromatography could work as an effective and reliable tool for rapid identification of the chemical components of herbal medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jie Dong
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jiaojiao Ji
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jiang Yuan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Peng Tan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Yonggang Liu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
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Liu X, Tang M, Wang L, Chao R. Fragmentation study of aminoalcohol-diterpenoid alkaloids by electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:161-169. [PMID: 26661983 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Aminoalcohol-diterpenoid alkaloids were found to be a group of cardioactive substances in the lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx. Studies on the fragmentation behaviors and features of these alkaloids in mass spectrometry would be important for their structural identification and in vivo metabolic research, which has not received much attention thus far. METHODS In this study, the fragmentation behaviors of 14 aminoalcohol-diterpenoid alkaloids were investigated by utilizing high-resolution time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. By analysis of the obtained MS(2) data, we summarized the fragmentation features of the corresponding alkaloids under different collision energy. RESULTS The dissociation of functional groups from the skeleton was observed as the main fragmentation way in electrospray ionization (ESI) mode. The order of fragmentation sites was C1/C3 > C16 > C15 > C6 > N, with loss of one or more CH3OH, H2O, C2H4 (substituent on N atom) or CO (at C15 ) groups. CONCLUSIONS The first systematic investigations on the fragmentation of aminoalcohol-diterpenoid alkaloids are described in this paper, setting the stage for an in-depth identification and study of the corresponding components in complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Liu
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Minghai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Ruobing Chao
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P.R. China
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A Fragmentation Study of Six C21 Steroidal Aglycones by Electrospray Ionization Ion-Trap Time-of-Flight Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501001210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The fragmentation patterns of six C21 steroidal aglycones, metaplexigenin (1), caudatin (2), qingyangshengenin (3), penupogenin (4), 20-cinnamoylsarcostin (5), and gagamine (6), were analyzed by high-resolution electrospray ionization ion-trap time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn). The [M-H]+ ions of steroids 1-3 that contain a carbonyl functional group at C-20 (Type I) and [M+H]+ ions of steroids 5-6 that possess a hydroxyl group at C-20 (Type II) were readily observed in MS analyses. The fragmentation pathways and diagnostic fragment ions for these six steroidal aglycones were proposed on the basis of their MSn analyses. The common fragmentation pathways for type I steroidal aglycones include the neutral loss of the ester group at C-12 and the hydroxyl moieties on the steroid skeleton, as well as the cleavage of ring D. Their diagnostic fragment ions were identified as m/ z 361(B), 343 (C), 325 (D), 307 (F), 283 (G), 259 (E), and 243 (H). The fragmentation behavior of penupogenin (4) in type II was similar to those of type I, with m/ z 363 (B’), 345 (C’), 327 (D’), 309 (F’), 283 (G), and 243 (H) as its diagnostic fragment ions. The ester group at C-20 was difficult to cleave in the MSn analyses of 20-cinnamoylsarcostin (5) and gagamine (6) so that the loss of this ester group was slower than that at C-12 and hydroxyl groups; the key ions at m/z 329 (I), 311 (J), 293 (K), and 275 (L) were characteristic for 5 and 6. The base ion peaks were derived from the loss of the substituent group at either C-12 or C-17 for both type I and type II steroidal aglycones.
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Chen XL, Geng CA, Chen JJ. A fragmentation study on four C19-diterpenoid alkaloids by electrospray ionization ion-trap time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2015; 17:915-929. [PMID: 26274911 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2015.1038524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution electrospray ionization ion-trap time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-IT-TOF-MS(n)) in positive-ion mode was used to determine the accurate masses and fragmentation pathways of four C(19)-diterpenoid alkaloids, aconitine (1), yunnaconitine (2), crassicauline A (3), and benzoylmesaconine (4). The [M+H](+) ions of compounds 1-4 were readily observed in conventional single-stage mass spectrometry. Based on the MS(1-6) analyses, detailed fragmentation rules of the four compounds were proposed. The neutral losses of AcOH, MeOH, H(2)O, CO, C(2)H(4), PhCOOH and p-OMePhCOOH segments were the characteristic eliminations from the precursor ions due to the presence of acetyl, methoxyl, hydroxyl, N-ethyl, benzoyl and p-methoxyl-benzoyl units in the structures. Benefited from the high resolution of the mass analyzer, the loss of 28 Da corresponding to CO or CH(4) segment in product ions was unambiguously distinguished. The losing sequence of the main substituent groups was summarized as: C(8)-acetyl>C(16)-methotyl>C(15)-hydroxyl>C(6)-methoxyl>C(1)-methoxyl/C(3)-hydroxyl>C(18)-methoxyl>>C(13)-hydroxyl. The sequential loss of (16)-methoxyl moiety and CO (generating from enol-ketone tautomerism) groups could be recognized as the characteristic eliminations for the compounds with C(16)-methoxyl and C(15)-hydroxyl groups simultaneously. The application of HR-ESI-IT-TOF-MS(n) technique to investigate the fragmentation of C(19)-diterpenoid alkaloids provided useful information to understand their fragmentation behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Long Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China , Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201 , China
- b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Chang-An Geng
- a State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China , Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201 , China
| | - Ji-Jun Chen
- a State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China , Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201 , China
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Jaiswal Y, Liang Z, Ho A, Wong L, Yong P, Chen H, Zhao Z. Distribution of toxic alkaloids in tissues from three herbal medicine Aconitum species using laser micro-dissection, UHPLC-QTOF MS and LC-MS/MS techniques. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 107:155-174. [PMID: 25172517 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Aconite poisoning continues to be a major type of poisoning caused by herbal drugs in many countries. Nevertheless, despite its toxic characteristics, aconite is used because of its valuable therapeutic benefits. The aim of the present study was to determine the distribution of toxic alkaloids in tissues of aconite roots through chemical profiling. Three species were studied, all being used in traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and traditional Indian medicine (Ayurveda), namely: Aconitum carmichaelii, Aconitum kusnezoffii and Aconitum heterophyllum. Laser micro-dissection was used for isolation of target microscopic tissues, such as the metaderm, cortex, xylem, pith, and phloem, with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography equipped with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF MS) employed for detection of metabolites. Using a multi-targeted approach through auto and targeted LC-MS/MS, 48 known compounds were identified and the presence of aconitine, mesaconitine and hypaconitine that are the biomarkers of this plant was confirmed in the tissues. These results suggest that the three selected toxic alkaloids were exclusively found in A. carmichaelii and A. kusnezoffii. The most toxic components were found in large A. carmichaelii roots with more lateral root projections, and specifically in the metaderm, cork and vascular bundle tissues. The results from metabolite profiling were correlated with morphological features to predict the tissue specific distribution of toxic components and toxicity differences among the selected species. By careful exclusion of tissues having toxic diester diterpenoid alkaloids, the beneficial effects of aconite can still be retained and the frequency of toxicity occurrences can be greatly reduced. Knowledge of tissue-specific metabolite distribution can guide users and herbal drug manufacturers in prudent selection of relatively safer and therapeutically more effective parts of the root. The information provided from this study can contribute towards improved and effective management of therapeutically important, nonetheless, toxic drug such as Aconite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogini Jaiswal
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Zhitao Liang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Alan Ho
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - LaiLai Wong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Peng Yong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hubiao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Zhongzhen Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China.
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Qi Y, Li S, Pi Z, Song F, Lin N, Liu S, Liu Z. Chemical profiling of Wu-tou decoction by UPLC–Q-TOF-MS. Talanta 2014; 118:21-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Wu J, Hong B, Wang J, Wang X, Niu S, Zhao C. The comparative research on constituents of Radix Aconiti and its processing by HPLC quadrupole TOF-MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 26:1301-7. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang; 110016; People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hong
- Institute of Medicine; Qiqihar Medical University; Qiqihar; 161042; People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang; 110016; People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang; 110016; People's Republic of China
| | - Sijia Niu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang; 110016; People's Republic of China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang; 110016; People's Republic of China
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Identification of diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum kusnezoffii Reihcb. Molecules 2011; 16:3345-50. [PMID: 21512442 PMCID: PMC6260597 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16043345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 03/26/2011] [Accepted: 03/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Three diterpenoid alkaloids, including an unreported compound, were isolated from the roots of Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb. On the basis of spectral analysis, these three compounds were determined to be 1,15-dimethoxy-3-hydroxy-14-benzoyl-16-ketoneoline, benzoylaconine and aconitine.
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Borcsa B, Csupor D, Forgo P, Widowitz U, Bauer R, Hohmann J. Aconitum lipo-alkaloids – Semisynthetic Products of the Traditional Medicine. Nat Prod Commun 2011. [PMID: 21560765 DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1100600413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The term lipo-alkaloid is used for C19 aconitane alkaloids containing one or two long-chain fatty acid residues. Lipo-alkaloids are transesterified derivatives of the most toxic and highly effective diester-type diterpene alkaloids, such as aconitine, hypaconitine, mesaconitine. Lipo-alkaloids are native minor compounds of aconite drugs, but their amount significantly increases after traditional processing, which is a general method in the Far Eastern traditional medicinal systems. Analytical works demonstrated that cautious processing (usually boiling) of crude aconite roots decreases the amount of normal diterpene alkaloids and increases the concentration of lipo-alkaloids resulting in the reduction of toxicity of the drugs. Many papers reported that lipo-alkaloids occur as a complex mixture in the drugs, and the isolation of the individual components is extremely difficult. These compounds have been identified using highly sensitive analytical methods (HPLC-MS, NMR), and semisynthetic approaches have been developed to ensure lipo-alkaloids in pure form for pharmacological studies. This review summarizes the structure, chemistry, semisynthesis, analytics and bioactivities of lipo-alkaloids. On the basis of 32 references this is the first comprehensive study on this topic, covering the data of 173 compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botond Borcsa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Peter Forgo
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ute Widowitz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Bauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy, Karl-Franzens University Graz, Universitätsplatz 4, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Wang X, Pi Z, Liu W, Zhao Y, Liu S. Effect of pH on the Metabolism of Aconitine under Rat Intestinal Bacteria and Analysis of Metabolites Using HPLC/MS-MSn Technique. CHINESE J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201190028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Yang Y, Chen J, Shi YP. Determination of aconitine, hypaconitine and mesaconitine in urine using hollow fiber liquid-phase microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010; 878:2811-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2010.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Revised: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 08/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Song JZ, Han QB, Qiao CF, But PPH, Xu HX. Development and validation of a rapid capillary zone electrophoresis method for the determination of aconite alkaloids in aconite roots. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2010; 21:137-143. [PMID: 19810124 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aconites, with aconite alkaloids as the major therapeutic and toxic components, are used for the treatment of analgesic, antirheumatic and neurological symptoms. Quantification of the aconite alkaloids is important for the quality control of aconite-containing drugs. OBJECTIVE To establish a validated capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method for the simultaneous determination of six major alkaloids, namely aconitine, mesaconitine, hypaconitine, benzoylaconine, benzoylmesaconine and benzoylhypaconine, in crude and processed aconite roots. METHODOLOGY The CZE method was optimised and validated using a stability-indicating method. The optimised running buffer was a mixture of 200 mm Tris, 150 mm perchloric acid and 40% 1,4-dioxane (pH 7.8) with the capillary thermostated at 25 degrees C. RESULTS Using the optimised method, six aconite alkaloids were well separated. The established method showed good precision, accuracy and recovery. Contents of these alkaloids in crude and processed aconites were determined and it was observed that the levels of individual alkaloids varied between samples. CONCLUSION The developed CZE method was reliable for the quality control of aconites contained in herbal medicines. The method could also be used as an approach for toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Zheng Song
- Chinese Medicine Laboratory, Hong Kong Jockey Club Institute of Chinese Medicine, Rm 220, No. 2 Biotech. Ave, 12 Miles, Tai Po Road, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
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Abstract
The lasting attention that researchers have devoted to diterpenoid alkaloids is due to their various bioactivities and toxicities, structural complexity, and intriguing chemistry. From 1998 to the end of 2008, more than 300 new diterpenoid alkaloids were isolated from Nature. This review focuses on their structural relationships, and investigations into their chemical reactions, synthesis, and biological activities. A table that lists the names, plant sources, and structural types is given along with 363 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Peng Wang
- Department of Chemistry of Medicinal Natural Products, West China College of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China.
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Wang FP, Chen QH. The C19-Diterpenoid Alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS: CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2010; 69:1-577, xi. [DOI: 10.1016/s1099-4831(10)69001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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22
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Hu R, Zhao J, Qi LW, Li P, Jing SL, Li HJ. Structural characterization and identification of C(19)- and C(20)-diterpenoid alkaloids in roots of Aconitum carmichaeli by rapid-resolution liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:1619-1635. [PMID: 19408253 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aconite alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum carmichaeli (Fuzi, in Chinese) have been investigated by rapid-resolution liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) in positive mode. With dynamic adjustment of the key role as fragmentor voltage in TOFMS, an efficient transmission of the ions was achieved to obtain the best sensitivity for providing the molecular formula for each analyte, and abundant fragment ions for structural information. Fifteen authentic standards isolated from Fuzi with various structures were first characterized by TOFMS, including diester-diterpenoid alkaloids (DDAs), monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids (MDAs), alkylol amine-diterpenoid alkaloids (ADAs), veatchine-type alkaloids and atisine-type alkaloids. Fragmentation rules and key diagnostic fragment ions have been summarized, and possible pathways of fragmentation have been proposed. By accurate mass measurements within 5 ppm error for each ion, 30 C(19)-diterpenoid alkaloids including 10 DDAs, 3 MDAs, 9 ADAs and 8 other type alkaloids, and 8 C(20)-diterpenoid alkaloids including 4 veatchine-type alkaloids and 4 atisine-type alkaloids could be identified in a methanolic extract of Fuzi. Some isomers of aconite alkaloids were also differentiated. Based on the differences between their fragmentation pathways and special fragment ions, each type of aconite alkaloids was differentiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
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23
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Wang J, van der Heijden R, Spijksma G, Reijmers T, Wang M, Xu G, Hankemeier T, van der Greef J. Alkaloid profiling of the Chinese herbal medicine Fuzi by combination of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:2169-78. [PMID: 19095240 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2008] [Revised: 11/20/2008] [Accepted: 11/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Yang M, Sun J, Lu Z, Chen G, Guan S, Liu X, Jiang B, Ye M, Guo DA. Phytochemical analysis of traditional Chinese medicine using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:2045-62. [PMID: 18804769 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.08.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2008] [Revised: 08/20/2008] [Accepted: 08/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Shanghai Research Center for TCM Modernization, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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25
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Csupor D, Wenzig EM, Zupkó I, Wölkart K, Hohmann J, Bauer R. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of aconitine-type and lipo-alkaloids of Aconitum carmichaelii roots. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1216:2079-86. [PMID: 19019379 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2008] [Revised: 10/14/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
By optimizing the extraction and analytical conditions, a reliable and precise HPLC method coupled with photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD) has been developed for the identification and quantification of three major aconitine-type alkaloids (aconitine, mesaconitine, hypaconitine) in the roots of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux. The qualitative analysis of the plant material was carried out by LC-APCI-MS(n). By means of this method, 26 lipo-alkaloids were also identified from the roots of A. carmichaelii. The effect of processing on aconitine-type alkaloids, lipo-alkaloids and pure aconitine was studied. As part of our investigation, two lipo-alkaloids, 14-benzoylaconine-8-palmitate and 14-benzoylaconine-8-linoleate were produced semisynthetically. The COX-1, COX-2 and LTB(4) formation inhibitory activity of aconite root extracts and different types of diterpene alkaloids and the toxicity of lipo-alkaloids were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezso Csupor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Csupor D, Forgo P, Wenzig EM, Bauer R, Hohmann J. Bisnorditerpene, norditerpene, and lipo-alkaloids from Aconitum toxicum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2008; 71:1779-82. [PMID: 18841905 DOI: 10.1021/np800322q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
From the roots of Aconitum toxicum, acotoxicine (1), a new bisnorditerpene alkaloid, was isolated together with the structurally related delavaconitine, delavaconine, dolaconine, aconosine, and the norditerpene alkaloid neolinine. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic data interpretation. Further, eight lipo-alkaloids (2-9) were detected in the plant material by LC-APCI-MSn analysis. This is the first report of a C18 bisnorditerpene alkaloid and lipo-alkaloids from A. toxicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezso Csupor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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27
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Zhang F, Tang MH, Chen LJ, Li R, Wang XH, Duan JG, Zhao X, Wei YQ. Simultaneous quantitation of aconitine, mesaconitine, hypaconitine, benzoylaconine, benzoylmesaconine and benzoylhypaconine in human plasma by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and pharmacokinetics evaluation of “SHEN-FU” injectable powder. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 873:173-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2008] [Revised: 05/06/2008] [Accepted: 08/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Zheng X, Shi P, Cheng Y, Qu H. Rapid analysis of a Chinese herbal prescription by liquid chromatography–time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1206:140-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2008] [Revised: 07/30/2008] [Accepted: 08/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Huang X, Song F, Liu Z, Liu S. Structural characterization and identification of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans in Fructus Schisandrae using electrospray ionization ion trap multiple-stage tandem mass spectrometry and electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance multiple-stage tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 615:124-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2008] [Revised: 03/27/2008] [Accepted: 03/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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Yue H, Pi ZF, Li HL, Song FR, Liu ZQ, Liu SY. Studies on the stability of diester-diterpenoid alkaloids from the genus Aconitum L. by high performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI/MSn). PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2008; 19:141-7. [PMID: 17853383 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The stability of diester-diterpenoid alkaloids (DDA) from plants of the genus Aconitum L. has been studied in different solvents and pH buffers. The HPLC/ESIMS method for analysing the concentration of DDA was established and DDA's decomposition products were elucidated by HPLC/ESI-MS/MS(n). In different solvents, e.g. dichloromethane, ether, methanol and distilled water, the decomposition pathways of DDA are quite different and their difference in stabilities depends on the difference of their structures, in which substituents at the N atom and substituents at C-3 are different. The pyrolytic products of DDA, such as deacetoxy aconitine-type alkaloids, have been observed in the above solvents, whereas 8-methoxy-14-benzoyl aconitine-type alkaloids have been obtained only in methanol. Furthermore, the experimental results demonstrate that the stability of DDA depends on pH values of the buffer. Aconine as hydrolysate has been only found in pH 10.0 buffer, and the other hydrolysates and the pyrolyzates of DDA, such as benzoylaconine and deacetoxy aconitine, have been observed in all pH aqueous solutions. The decomposition pathways of DDA in buffers are related to the substituent on the C-3 position. The decomposition pathway of aconitine is similar to that of mesaconitine, but different from that of hypaconitine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yue
- Changchun Center of Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 5625 Renmin Street, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
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Huang X, Song F, Liu Z, Liu S. Studies on lignan constituents from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. fruits using high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization multiple-stage tandem mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2007; 42:1148-61. [PMID: 17613177 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-electrospray ionization multiple-stage tandem mass spectrometry (RP-HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n)) method has been developed for the detection and analysis of lignan constituents in the methanol extract from the fruits of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. RP-HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n) and electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance multiple-stage tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-FT-ICR-MS(n)) have been applied to investigate the characteristic product ions of four lignan reference compounds. Then, the logical fragmentation pathways of the lignans have been proposed. By comparing the retention time (t(R)) of HPLC, the ESI-MS(n) data and the structures of analyzed compounds with the data of reference compounds and in the literature, 11 peaks in HPLC have been unambiguously identified and another 5 peaks have been tentatively identified or deduced. Also, in the present paper, the extracted ion chromatograms (EIC) have been used to analyze the lignan isomers. The experimental results demonstrate that RP-HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS(n) is a specific and useful method for the identification of the lignan constituents and their isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Center of Mass Spectrometry, Changchun, PR China
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32
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Wu W, Liang Z, Zhao Z, Cai Z. Direct analysis of alkaloid profiling in plant tissue by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2007; 42:58-69. [PMID: 17149797 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A method for the direct determination of alkaloid profiling in plant tissues by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) was developed. The alkaloid profiles of the herbs were obtained without the need for complicated sample preparation. Experimental results demonstrated that the direct MALDI-TOFMS analysis allowed rapid and reliable characterization of the components in plant tissues. Four commonly used Chinese medicinal herbs were studied, including Aconitum Carmichaeli Debx. (Fuzi in Chinese) and Processed Fuzi, for herb differentiation and explanation of the significant difference in their toxicities. The direct analysis method proved valuable for the preliminary study of plant component profiles. The rapid collection of information from the direct analysis on plant tissues could be valuable for supporting the discovery of new compounds and for the quality control of medicinal herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Yan J, Liu Z, Yan C, Xing J, Liu S. Analysis of strychnos alkaloids using electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance multi-stage tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2006; 20:1335-44. [PMID: 16557496 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The fragmentations of four strychnos alkaloids have been investigated by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI-FTICR-MS) in the positive ion mode. Experiments using multi-stage tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-FT-ICR-MSn) allowed us to obtain precise elemental compositions of product ions at high mass resolution. The experimental data demonstrated that the nitrogen bridge and the coordinated oxygen atom on the nitrogen bridge in the alkaloid compounds were the active sites in the MS2 fragmentations. The loss of CH3 or the OCH3 group in those alkaloids, which have an OCH3 substituent, was the dominant fragmentation mode in the MS3 fragmentations. Logical fragmentation schemes for strychnos alkaloids have been proposed and these should be useful for the identification of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yan
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun Center of Mass Spectrometry, Changchun 130022, P.R. China
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Li R, Wu Z, Zhang F, Ding L. Differentiation of three pairs of aconite alkaloid isomers from Aconitum nagarum var. lasiandrum by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2006; 20:157-70. [PMID: 16331739 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Three pairs of isomers of aconite alkaloids from Aconitum nagarum var. lasiandrum have been investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) employing ion-trap and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometers in positive mode. Based on the differences of their fragmentation pathways and special fragment ions, three pairs of isomers of aconite alkaloids were differentiated. In addition, fragmentation laws of some veatchines and the discrepancy of fragmentation mechanisms between veatchine-type and aconitine-type alkaloid were also concluded. In the case of veatchines, a radical would be formed by homolysis of C18--C4 or C18--H bonds, followed by elimination of a series of C(2)H(2) and C(2)H(4). Moreover, the retro-Diels-Alder (RDA) reaction occurred in the E-ring and double-electron transfer triggered by the positive charge on C1 led to the formation of diagnostic ions at m/z 216. With regard to aconitine-type alkaloids, the N-substituent is not eliminated easily. Although there is no carbonyl group on some aconitine-type alkaloids, with hydroxyl and methoxyl on C15 and C16 respectively, CO was readily eliminated through tautomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
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Guo M, Song F, Liu Z, Liu S. Characterization of triterpenoidic saponin mixture in crude extracts from leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms by saponin structural correlation and mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chodoeva A, Bosc JJ, Guillon J, Decendit A, Petraud M, Absalon C, Vitry C, Jarry C, Robert J. 8-O-Azeloyl-14-benzoylaconine: A new alkaloid from the roots of Aconitum karacolicum Rapcs and its antiproliferative activities. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:6493-501. [PMID: 16081293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2005] [Revised: 06/29/2005] [Accepted: 07/01/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A new alkaloid of Aconitum karacolicum Rapcs, from the Ranunculaceae family, collected in Kirghizstan, was isolated from the roots of this plant, using a purification scheme based upon its in vitro antiproliferative properties against three human tumour cell lines in culture. Structural identification was performed using high resolution MS-MS mass spectrometry and (1)H, (13)C, 2D NOESY NMR spectroscopy analysis. This compound consists of a 14-benzoylaconine moiety substituted on C-8 by an azeloyl chain. It presents in vitro cytotoxicity with an IC(50) of about 10-20 microM, which warrants further investigation on its possible interest in cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainura Chodoeva
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie des Médicaments Anticancéreux, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
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Beike J, Frommherz L, Wood M, Brinkmann B, Köhler H. Determination of aconitine in body fluids by LC-MS-MS. Int J Legal Med 2004; 118:289-93. [PMID: 15674996 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-004-0463-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A very sensitive and specific method was developed for the determination of aconitine, the main toxic alkaloid from plants of the genus Aconitum L., in biological samples. The method comprised solid-phase extraction using mixed-mode Cs cation exchange columns followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). Chromatographic separation was achieved with a RP8 column. Detection of aconitine was achieved using electrospray in the positive ionisation mode and quantification was performed using multiple reaction monitoring with m/z 646.4 as precursor ion, i.e. [M+H]+ of aconitine and m/z 586.5, m/z 526.4 and m/z 368.4 as product ions after collision-induced dissociation. The method was fully validated for the analysis of blood samples: the limit of detection and the limit of quantitation were 0.1 ng/g and 0.5 ng/g, respectively. Within the linear calibration range of 0.5-25 ng/g, analytical recovery was 79.9%. In two fatal cases with suspected aconite intoxication, aconitine could be detected in blood samples at concentrations of 10.0 and 12.1 ng/g. In one case, aconitine could also be detected in the stomach content (3 ng/g) and in the other in the urine (180 ng/ml).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Beike
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Germany.
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2003; 38:1290-1301. [PMID: 14696212 DOI: 10.1002/jms.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2003; 38:1215-1224. [PMID: 14648831 DOI: 10.1002/jms.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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