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Wang SY, Zhang YJ, Chen X, Shi XC, Herrera-Balandrano DD, Liu FQ, Laborda P. Biocontrol Methods for the Management of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Legumes: A Review. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1447-1457. [PMID: 38669603 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-01-24-0006-rvw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is an economically damaging fungal pathogen that causes Sclerotinia stem rot in legumes, producing enormous yield losses. This pathogen is difficult to control due to its wide host spectrum and ability to produce sclerotia, which are resistant bodies that can remain active for long periods under harsh environmental conditions. Here, the biocontrol methods for the management of S. sclerotiorum in legumes are reviewed. Bacillus strains, which synthesized lipopeptides and volatile organic compounds, showed high efficacies in soybean plants, whereas the highest efficacies for the control of the pathogen in alfalfa and common bean were observed when using Coniothyrium minitans and Streptomyces spp., respectively. The biocontrol efficacies in fields were under 65%, highlighting the lack of strategies to achieve a complete control. Overall, although most studies involved extensive screenings using different biocontrol agent concentrations and application conditions, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the specific antifungal mechanisms, which limits the optimization of the reported methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Yan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Jiao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Chi Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Feng-Quan Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, People's Republic of China
| | - Pedro Laborda
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, People's Republic of China
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Negi R, Sharma B, Jan T, Kaur T, Chowdhury S, Kapoor M, Singh S, Kumar A, Rai AK, Rustagi S, Shreaz S, Kour D, Ahmed N, Kumar K, Yadav AN. Microbial Consortia: Promising Tool as Plant Bioinoculants for Agricultural Sustainability. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:222. [PMID: 38874817 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03755-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
In the present scenario, growing population demands more food, resulting in the need for sustainable agriculture. Numerous approaches are explored in response to dangers and obstacles to sustainable agriculture. A viable approach is to be exploiting microbial consortium, which generate diverse biostimulants with growth-promoting characteristics for plants. These bioinoculants play an indispensable role in optimizing nutrient uptake efficiency mitigating environmental stress. Plant productivity is mostly determined by the microbial associations that exist at the rhizospheric region of plants. The engineered consortium with multifunctional attributes can be effectively employed to improve crop growth efficacy. A number of approaches have been employed to identify the efficient consortia for plant growth and enhanced crop productivity. Various plant growth-promoting (PGP) microbes with host growth-supporting characteristics were investigated to see if they might work cohesively and provide a cumulative effect for improved growth and crop yield. The effective microbial consortia should be assessed using compatibility tests, pot experimentation techniques, generation time, a novel and quick plant bioassay, and sensitivity to external stimuli (temperature, pH). The mixture of two or more microbial strains found in the root microbiome stimulates plant growth and development. The present review deals with mechanism, formulation, inoculation process, commercialization, and applications of microbial consortia as plant bioinoculants for agricultural sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwari Negi
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmaur, 173101, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Babita Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Akal College of Basic Science, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmaur, 173101, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tawseefa Jan
- Department of Food Technology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmaur, 173101, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Tanvir Kaur
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmaur, 173101, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sohini Chowdhury
- Chitkara Center for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Monit Kapoor
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Sangram Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Avadh University, Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anu Kumar
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Rai
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- Department of Food Technology, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sheikh Shreaz
- Environment and Life Sciences Research Center, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, PO Box 24885, 13109, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Divjot Kour
- Department of Microbiology, Akal College of Basic Science, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmaur, 173101, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- Department of Food Technology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmaur, 173101, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Food Technology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmaur, 173101, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ajar Nath Yadav
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmaur, 173101, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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Zhang L, Jin Q, Guan Y, Liu Z, Pan X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wang Q. Trichoderma spp. promotes ginseng biomass by influencing the soil microbial community. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1283492. [PMID: 38357355 PMCID: PMC10864653 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1283492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) has multiple effects on human health; however, soil degradation seriously affects its yield. Trichoderma spp. play an important role in improving plant biomass by influencing the soil environment. Therefore, it is necessary to screen efficient Trichoderma strains that can increase ginseng biomass and determine their mechanisms. Methods Herein, we selected six Trichoderma species (T. brevicompactum, T. velutinum, T. viridescens, T. atroviride, T. koningiopsis, and T. saturnisporum) isolated from ginseng rhizosphere soil, and evaluated their growth promoting effects on ginseng and their influence on the microbiome and chemical attributes of the ginseng rhizosphere soil. Results Except for T. saturnisporum (F), compared with the control, the other five species increased ginseng biomass. In terms of chemical properties, the pH value, available potassium content, and available phosphorus content in the ginseng rhizosphere soil increased by 1.16-5.85%, 0.16-14.03%, and 3.92-38.64%, respectively, after root irrigation with spores of Trichoderma species. For the soil microbiome, fungal Chao1 and Ace richness indices decreased. Application of Trichoderma enhanced the relative level of Proteobacteria, but reduced the relative level of Ascomycota. At the genus level, application of Trichoderma enhanced the relative levels of Sphingomonas, Blastomonas, and Trichoderma, but reduced the relative level of Fusarium. Available K and available P were the most important elements that affected the structure of the bacterial community, while total K was the most influential element for the structure of the fungal community structure. Conclusion The results indicated that the application of Trichoderma spp. could increase soil nutrients and regulate the structure and composition of the soil microbial community, thereby enhancing the biomass of ginseng. The results will provide guidance for soil improvement in ginseng cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Qiao Jin
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yiming Guan
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhengbo Liu
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxi Pan
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yayu Zhang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicinal Materials Cultivation and Propagation, Changchun, China
- College of Pharmacy and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiuxia Wang
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
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Plant growth promotion of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) by novel bacterial consortium with multifunctional attributes. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Cruz-Magalhães V, Nieto-Jacobo MF, Rostás M, Echaide-Aquino JF, Naranjo UE, Stewart A, Loguercio LL, Mendoza-Mendoza A. Histidine kinase two-component response regulators Ssk1, Skn7 and Rim15 differentially control growth, developmental and volatile organic compounds emissions as stress responses in Trichoderma atroviride. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2022; 3:100139. [PMID: 35909598 PMCID: PMC9325911 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2022.100139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Ssk1 may function as a hub-like RR in T. atroviride, as growth, and differentiation (conidiation). Skn7 has a significant role in the production of volatile organic compounds. Ssk1 and Rim15 have a role in mycoparasitism and both are negative regulators of volatile organic compounds. Rim15 seems to be a negative regulator of either the accumulation or biosynthesis of terpenes.
The Skn7, Ssk1 and Rim15 proteins are response regulators involved in osmotic, oxidative and nutritional stress in fungi. In order to verify the involvement of these genes in Trichoderma atroviride IMI206040’s growth, conidiation, direct antagonism against plant pathogens (Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with fungistatic effect, and interaction with plants (growth promotion), single mutants were generated, and the phenotypic patterns were analysed in comparison to the wild-type (wt) strain. The mutants were submitted to osmotic, oxidative, membrane and cell wall stress conditions in vitro. The Δskn7 and Δrim15 mutants did not show either significant differences at morphological level, or marked decreases in mycelial growth and conidiation in relation to wt, whereas Δssk1 had altered phenotypes in most conditions tested. The plant-growth promotion of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings induced by VOCs was not quantitatively modified by any of the mutants in relation to the wt strain, although possible differences in secondary root hairs was noticed for Δrim15. The fungistatic activity was significantly altered for Δssk1 and Δrim15. Overall, the Δssk1 strain showed remarkable morphological differences, with decrease in mycelial growth and conidiation, being also affected in the antagonistic capacity against plant pathogens. The impacts demonstrated by the deletion of ssk1 suggest this gene has a relevant participation in the signalling response to different stresses in T. atroviride and in the interactive metabolism with phytopathogens and plants. On the other hand, unlike other fungal models, Skn7 did not appear to have a critical participation in the above-mentioned processes; Rim15 seemed to confirm its involvement in modulating cellular responses to nutritional status, although with a possible cross-talk with other cellular processes. Our results suggest that Ssk1 likely plays a key regulatory role, not only in basic metabolisms of T. atroviride, but also in biocontrol-related characteristics.
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Changes in Volatile Organic Compounds from Salt-Tolerant Trichoderma and the Biochemical Response and Growth Performance in Saline-Stressed Groundnut. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132313226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the major obstacles that is limiting the growth and yield of groundnut. This study aims to investigate the effect of growth-promoting fungi, Trichoderma, on groundnut plants that were cultivated in saline conditions. Five different Trichoderma isolates were grown in four different NaCl concentrations. Selected Trichoderma were then applied to the groundnut seeds and their growth and development were monitored during the study. Growth inhibition, volatile organic compounds, chlorophylls, carotenoids, total phenolics and flavonoids, and minerals were assessed between the Trichoderma treatments. Increasing the salt concentration from 0.25–0.75 M decreased the growth of the Trichoderma isolates. The amounts and profiles of the volatile organic compounds from the T. asperellum isolate were significantly different to those in the T. virens isolate. In the vegetative growth stage, increased chlorophyll content was recorded in both the T. asperellum and T. virens-treated groundnut. The leaves that were obtained from the groundnut that was treated with T. virens T.v4 contained significantly higher indole-3-acetic acid (420 µg IAA/g) than the same plants’ roots (113.3 µg IAA/g). Compared to the control groundnut, the T. asperellum T.a8-treated groundnut showed increased phenolics (31%) and flavonoids (43%) and increased shoots and biomass weight at the generative growth stage. This study demonstrates that Trichoderma, with their plant growth promotion ability, could potentially be used to improve the growth of groundnut growing under salinity stress. Importantly, salt-tolerant Trichoderma could be regarded as a beneficial and sustainable way to improve the survival of salt-sensitive crops.
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In vitro and in silico approach of fungal growth inhibition by Trichoderma asperellum HbGT6-07 derived volatile organic compounds. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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O’Sullivan CA, Belt K, Thatcher LF. Tackling Control of a Cosmopolitan Phytopathogen: Sclerotinia. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:707509. [PMID: 34490008 PMCID: PMC8417578 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.707509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytopathogenic members of the Sclerotinia genus cause widespread disease across a broad range of economically important crops. In particular, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is considered one of the most destructive and cosmopolitan of plant pathogens. Here, were review the epidemiology of the pathogen, its economic impact on agricultural production, and measures employed toward control of disease. We review the broad approaches required to tackle Sclerotinia diseases and include cultural practices, crop genetic resistance, chemical fungicides, and biological controls. We highlight the benefits and drawbacks of each approach along with recent advances within these controls and future strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Louise F. Thatcher
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Acton, ACT, Australia
- *Correspondence: Louise F. Thatcher,
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Niu B, Wang W, Yuan Z, Sederoff RR, Sederoff H, Chiang VL, Borriss R. Microbial Interactions Within Multiple-Strain Biological Control Agents Impact Soil-Borne Plant Disease. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:585404. [PMID: 33162962 PMCID: PMC7581727 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.585404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Major losses of crop yield and quality caused by soil-borne plant diseases have long threatened the ecology and economy of agriculture and forestry. Biological control using beneficial microorganisms has become more popular for management of soil-borne pathogens as an environmentally friendly method for protecting plants. Two major barriers limiting the disease-suppressive functions of biocontrol microbes are inadequate colonization of hosts and inefficient inhibition of soil-borne pathogen growth, due to biotic and abiotic factors acting in complex rhizosphere environments. Use of a consortium of microbial strains with disease inhibitory activity may improve the biocontrol efficacy of the disease-inhibiting microbes. The mechanisms of biological control are not fully understood. In this review, we focus on bacterial and fungal biocontrol agents to summarize the current state of the use of single strain and multi-strain biological control consortia in the management of soil-borne diseases. We discuss potential mechanisms used by microbial components to improve the disease suppressing efficacy. We emphasize the interaction-related factors to be considered when constructing multiple-strain biological control consortia and propose a workflow for assembling them by applying a reductionist synthetic community approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Weixiong Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhibo Yuan
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Ronald R. Sederoff
- Forest Biotechnology Group, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Heike Sederoff
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Vincent L. Chiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Forest Biotechnology Group, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Rainer Borriss
- Institute of Biology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology e.V. (IMaB), Greifswald, Germany
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Izquierdo-García LF, González-Almario A, Cotes AM, Moreno-Velandia CA. Trichoderma virens Gl006 and Bacillus velezensis Bs006: a compatible interaction controlling Fusarium wilt of cape gooseberry. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6857. [PMID: 32321998 PMCID: PMC7176702 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63689-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The combination of Trichoderma virens Gl006 and B. velezensis Bs006 as a consortium has high potential to control Fusarium wilt (FW) of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali (Foph). However, the interactions between these two microorganisms that influence the biocontrol activity as a consortium have not been studied. Here, we studied the interactions between Gl006 and Bs006 that keep their compatibility under in vitro and greenhouse conditions. Antagonism tests between Gl006 and Bs006 inoculated both individually and in consortium against Foph strain Map5 was carried out on several solid media. The effect of supernatant of each selected microorganism on growth, conidia germination, biofilm formation and antagonistic activity on its partner was also studied. Biocontrol activity by different combinations of cells and supernatants from both microorganisms against Fusarium wilt was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. In vitro antagonism of the consortium against Foph showed a differential response among culture media and showed compatibility among BCA under nutritional conditions close to those of the rhizosphere. The supernatant of Bs006 did not affect the antagonistic activity of Gl006 and vice versa. However, the supernatant of Bs006 promoted the biocontrol activity of Gl006 in a synergistic way under greenhouse, reducing the disease severity by 71%. These results prove the compatibility between T. virens Gl006 and B. velezensis Bs006 as a potential tool to control Fusarium wilt of cape gooseberry.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Izquierdo-García
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Km 14 vía Mosquera - Bogotá, Mosquera, Colombia
| | - A González-Almario
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - A M Cotes
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Km 14 vía Mosquera - Bogotá, Mosquera, Colombia
| | - C A Moreno-Velandia
- Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, Centro de Investigación Tibaitatá, Km 14 vía Mosquera - Bogotá, Mosquera, Colombia.
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12
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de Oliveira CS, Lião LM, Alcantara GB. Metabolic response of soybean plants to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum infection. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 167:112099. [PMID: 31476575 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
White mold is a disease caused by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a highly destructive necrotrophic pathogen that infects soybean crops, among others. Usually, the infection triggers the plant defense system to minimize the damages. However, the effects of the infection on soybean plant metabolism are still unclear. In this work, the metabolic profiles of soybean stems and leaves were accessed using 1H HR-MAS NMR spectroscopy to identify metabolic changes as a response to S. sclerotiorum infection. This fungus widely affects the central metabolism of soybean plants, and most of the altered metabolites are involved in carbon metabolism, as suggested by the results. Furthermore, the metabolites of central metabolism can be associated with the production of several polyphenolic metabolites. Changes in metabolic profile of leaves indicate systemic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Glaucia Braz Alcantara
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande/MS, Brazil.
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Khanna K, Jamwal VL, Sharma A, Gandhi SG, Ohri P, Bhardwaj R, Al-Huqail AA, Siddiqui MH, Ali HM, Ahmad P. Supplementation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) alleviates cadmium toxicity in Solanum lycopersicum by modulating the expression of secondary metabolites. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 230:628-639. [PMID: 31128509 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The current study evaluated the synergistic role of Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia gladioli on different physiological, biochemical and molecular activities of 10-days old Solanum lycopersicum seedlings under Cd stress. Cd toxicity altered the levels of phenolic compounds (total phenols (30.2%), flavonoids (92.7%), anthocyanin (59.5%), polyphenols (368.7%)), osmolytes (total osmolytes (10.3%), total carbohydrates (94%), reducing sugars (64.5%), trehalose (112.5%), glycine betaine (59%), proline (54.8%), and free amino acids (63%)), and organic acids in S. lycopersicum seedlings. Inoculation of P. aeruginosa and B. gladioli alleviated Cd-induced toxicity, which was manifested through enhanced phenolic compound levels and osmolytes. Additionally, the levels of low molecular weight organic acids (fumaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, and citric acid) were also elevated. The expression of genes encoding enzymes for phenols and organic acid metabolism were also studied to be modulated that included CHS (chalcone synthase; 138.4%), PAL (phenylalanine ammonia lyase; 206.7%), CS (citrate synthase; 61.3%), SUCLG1 (succinyl Co-A ligase; 33.6%), SDH (succinate dehydrogenase; 23.2%), FH (fumarate hydratase; 12.4%), and MS (malate synthase; 41.2%) and found to be upregulated in seedlings inoculated independently with P. aeruginosa and B. gladioli. The results provide insights into the role of micro-organisms in alleviating Cd-induced physiological damage by altering levels of different metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Khanna
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Vijay Lakshmi Jamwal
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Canal Road, Jammu, 180 001, India
| | - Anket Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR-IIIM), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Canal Road, Jammu, 180 001, India.
| | - Puja Ohri
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
| | - Asma A Al-Huqail
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Chair of Climate Change, Environmental Development and Vegetation Cover, Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany, S.P. College Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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de Almeida Lopes KB, Carpentieri-Pipolo V, Fira D, Balatti PA, López SMY, Oro TH, Stefani Pagliosa E, Degrassi G. Screening of bacterial endophytes as potential biocontrol agents against soybean diseases. J Appl Microbiol 2018; 125:1466-1481. [PMID: 29978936 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This research was aimed at identifying and characterizing endophytic micro-organisms associated with soybean that have antimicrobial activity towards soybean pathogens. METHODS AND RESULTS Soybean plants were collected from field trials in four locations of southern Brazil that were cultivated with conventional (C) and transgenic glyphosate-resistant (GR) soybeans. Endophytic bacteria isolated from roots, stems and leaves of soybeans were evaluated for their capacity to inhibit fungal and bacterial plant pathogens and 13 micro-organisms were identified with antagonistic activity. Approximately 230 bacteria were isolated and identified based on the 16S rRNA and rpoN gene sequences. Bacteria isolated from conventional and transgenic soybeans were significantly different not only in population diversity but also in their antagonistic capacity. Thirteen isolates showed in vitro antagonism against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Phomopsis sojae and Rhizoctonia solani. Bacillus sp. and Burkholderia sp. were the most effective isolates in controlling bacterial and fungal pathogens in vitro. Extracts and precipitates from culture supernatants of isolates showed different patterns of inhibitory activity on growth of fungal and bacterial pathogens. CONCLUSIONS Bacillus sp. and Burkholderia sp. were the most effective isolates in controlling fungal pathogens in vitro, and the activity is mainly due to peptides. However, most of the studied bacteria showed the presence of antimicrobial compounds in the culture supernatant, either peptides, bacteriocins or secondary metabolites. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY These results could be significant to develop tools for the biological control of soybean diseases. The work brought to the identification of micro-organisms such as Bacillus sp. and Burkholderia sp. that have the potential to protect crops in order to enhance a sustainable management system of crops. Furthermore, the study provides the first evidences of the influence of management as well as the genetics of glyphosate-resistant soybean on the diversity of bacterial endophytes of soybean phytobiome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Djordje Fira
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Pedro Alberto Balatti
- Centro de Investigaciones de Fitopatología, Fac. de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales - UNLP, La Plata, Argentina
| | | | | | | | - Giuliano Degrassi
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Polo Cientifico Tecnologico, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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15
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Modulation in phenolic root exudate profile of Abelmoschus esculentus expressing activation of defense pathway. Microbiol Res 2018; 207:100-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Rai S, Kashyap PL, Kumar S, Srivastava AK, Ramteke PW. Identification, characterization and phylogenetic analysis of antifungal Trichoderma from tomato rhizosphere. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1939. [PMID: 27917337 PMCID: PMC5102998 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3657-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The use of Trichoderma isolates with efficient antagonistic activity represents a potentially effective and alternative disease management strategy to replace health hazardous chemical control. In this context, twenty isolates were obtained from tomato rhizosphere and evaluated by their antagonistic activity against four fungal pathogens (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Alternaria alternata, Colletotrichum gloeosporoides and Rhizoctonia solani). The production of extracellular cell wall degrading enzymes of tested isolates was also measured. All the isolates significantly reduced the mycelial growth of tested pathogens but the amount of growth reduction varied significantly as well. There was a positive correlation between the antagonistic capacity of Trichoderma isolates towards fungal pathogens and their lytic enzyme production. The Trichoderma isolates were initially sorted according to morphology and based on the translation elongation factor 1-α gene sequence similarity, the isolates were designated as Trichoderma harzianum, T. koningii, T. asperellum, T. virens and T. viride. PCA analysis explained 31.53, 61.95, 62.22 and 60.25% genetic variation among Trichoderma isolates based on RAPD, REP-, ERIC- and BOX element analysis, respectively. ERG-1 gene, encoding a squalene epoxidase has been used for the first time for diversity analysis of antagonistic Trichoderma from tomato rhizosphere. Phylogenetic analysis of ERG-1 gene sequences revealed close relatedness of ERG-1sequences with earlier reported sequences of Hypocrea lixii, T. arundinaceum and T. reesei. However, ERG-1 gene also showed heterogeneity among some antagonistic isolates and indicated the possibility of occurrence of squalene epoxidase driven triterpene biosynthesis as an alternative biocontrol mechanism in Trichoderma species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Rai
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau, Uttar Pradesh 275103 India
| | - Prem Lal Kashyap
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau, Uttar Pradesh 275103 India
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Regional Station, Flowerdale, Shimla, 171002 India
| | - Sudheer Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Alok Kumar Srivastava
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Mau, Uttar Pradesh 275103 India
| | - Pramod W. Ramteke
- Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHIATS), Allahabad, 211007 India
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17
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Singh V, Upadhyay RS, Sarma BK, Singh HB. Trichoderma asperellum spore dose depended modulation of plant growth in vegetable crops. Microbiol Res 2016; 193:74-86. [PMID: 27825488 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we bioprimed seeds of six vegetable crops (tomato, brinjal, chilli, okra, ridge gourd and guar) with different spore doses of Trichoderma asperellum BHUT8 ranging from 102 to 108 spores ml-1 and the effect of biopriming was seen on seed germination and development. The most effective spore dose for enhancement in seed germination and radicle length was found to be 103 spores ml-1 in tomato and ridge gourd, 104 spores ml-1 in brinjal and okra while 106 spores ml-1 in chilli and guar. At the most effective spore dose, the increase in germination percentage was 5, 146.15, 112.5, 5.4, 28.13 and 0% while increase in radicle length was 73.17, 50.83, 171.6, 107.35, 247.19 and 90.79% in tomato, brinjal, chilli, okra, ridge gourd and guar, respectively, compared to their controls. Higher spore dose i.e. 107-108 spores ml-1 and 106-108 spores ml-1 in tomato and brinjal, respectively, reduced seed germination percentage and radicle growth compared to their controls. Biopriming with T. asperellum BHUT8 also triggered various defense like responses such as high phenylpropanoid activities and lignifications in bioprimed tomato seedlings compared to the non-bioprimed tomato seedlings demonstrating possible use of BHUT8 against phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Singh
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India; Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ram Sanmukh Upadhyay
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Birinchi Kumar Sarma
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Harikesh Bahadur Singh
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
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18
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Gupta R, Singh A, Pandey R. Microbe-based technology ameliorates glandular trichomes, secondary metabolites and antioxidants in Pelargonium graveolens L'Hér. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:4151-4159. [PMID: 26762896 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the vast exploration of microbes for plant health, there is a lack of knowledge about the synergistic effects of specific microorganisms in sustainable agriculture, especially in medicinal plants such as Pelargonium graveolens L'Hér. The aim of this study was to evaluate how synergistic microbes Trichoderma harzianum ThU, Glomus intraradices and Bacillus subtilis CIM affected crop productivity, secondary metabolites and glandular trichome number in P. graveolens. RESULTS The results demonstrated a significant (P < 0.05) increase in plant growth, secondary metabolites, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, carbohydrates, total phenolics, total flavonoids, free radical-scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity of P. graveolens treated with synergistic bioinoculants as compared with the control. Most interestingly, an increase in essential oil by 32% in the treatment with all three microbes was observed. Furthermore, the principal aroma compounds citronellol and geraniol also increased in the same treatment. A positive and direct correlation was observed between essential oil content and number of glandular trichomes in all treatments. CONCLUSION The present study highlights an explicit amalgamation of prospective microbes showing potential for synergism that act as biostimulants in enhancing plant production and improving the antioxidant and aroma profile of P. graveolens. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Gupta
- Department of Microbial Technology and Nematology, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, PO CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Department of Microbial Technology and Nematology, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, PO CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Rakesh Pandey
- Department of Microbial Technology and Nematology, CSIR - Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, PO CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India
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Jain A, Singh A, Singh S, Singh V, Singh HB. Comparative proteomic analysis in pea treated with microbial consortia of beneficial microbes reveals changes in the protein network to enhance resistance against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 182:79-94. [PMID: 26067380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Microbial consortia may provide protection against pathogenic ingress via enhancing plant defense responses. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PJHU15, Trichoderma harzianum TNHU27 and Bacillus subtilis BHHU100 were used either singly or in consortia in the pea rhizosphere to observe proteome level changes upon Sclerotinia sclerotiorum challenge. Thirty proteins were found to increase or decrease differentially in 2-DE gels of pea leaves, out of which 25 were identified by MALDI-TOF MS or MS/MS. These proteins were classified into several functional categories including photosynthesis, respiration, phenylpropanoid metabolism, protein synthesis, stress regulation, carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism and disease/defense-related processes. The respective homologue of each protein identified was trapped in Pisum sativum and a phylogenetic tree was constructed to check the ancestry. The proteomic view of the defense response to S. sclerotiorum in pea, in the presence of beneficial microbes, highlights the enhanced protection that can be provided by these microbes in challenged plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akansha Jain
- Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Surendra Singh
- Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Vinay Singh
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Harikesh Bahadur Singh
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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