1
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Brom JA, Petrikis RG, Nieukirk GE, Bourque J, Pielak GJ. Protecting Lyophilized Escherichia coli Adenylate Kinase. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:3634-3642. [PMID: 38805365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Drying protein-based drugs, usually via lyophilization, can facilitate storage at ambient temperature and improve accessibility but many proteins cannot withstand drying and must be formulated with protective additives called excipients. However, mechanisms of protection are poorly understood, precluding rational formulation design. To better understand dry proteins and their protection, we examine Escherichia coli adenylate kinase (AdK) lyophilized alone and with the additives trehalose, maltose, bovine serum albumin, cytosolic abundant heat soluble protein D, histidine, and arginine. We apply liquid-observed vapor exchange NMR to interrogate the residue-level structure in the presence and absence of additives. We pair these observations with differential scanning calorimetry data of lyophilized samples and AdK activity assays with and without heating. We show that the amino acids do not preserve the native structure as well as sugars or proteins and that after heating the most stable additives protect activity best.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia A Brom
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), 3250 Genome Sciences Building, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Ruta G Petrikis
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), 3250 Genome Sciences Building, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Grace E Nieukirk
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), 3250 Genome Sciences Building, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Joshua Bourque
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), 3250 Genome Sciences Building, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gary J Pielak
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), 3250 Genome Sciences Building, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Lineberger Cancer Center, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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2
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Tanifuji Y, Suzuki H, Tong G, Hiruta Y, Citterio D. Basic evaluation of the CRISPR/Cas system stability for application to paper-based analytical devices. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:4143-4149. [PMID: 38864392 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00848k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Despite the promising features of the CRISPR/Cas system for application to point-of-care nucleic acid tests, there are only a few reports on its integration into paper-based analytical devices (PADs) for the purpose of assay simplification. In most cases, paper platforms have only been used for the final signal readout in an assay otherwise performed in a test tube. Therefore, there is very limited information on the suitability of the CRISPR/Cas system for on-device reagent storage. To fill this gap, the current work primarily investigated the influence of various factors, including the type of paper, reagent drying method, effect of stabilizers, and storage condition on the storage stability of reagents necessary for CRISPR-based assays on paper substrates, by comparing the fluorescence signal emitted by the trans-cleavage of the dsDNA-activated Cas12a complex. The results obtained in the form of fluorescence signals emitted after trans-cleavage of a ssDNA probe through a dsDNA-activated Cas12a complex on paper substrates showed that CRISPR-related reagents spontaneously dried at room temperature on BSA blocked paper retained over 70% of their initial activity when stored at -20 °C for 28 days, independent of the type of paper substrates, which was improved by the addition of sucrose as a stabilizer. In addition, reagents dried on paper substrates under the optimized conditions exhibited stronger heat tolerance at temperatures above 65 °C compared to their corresponding solutions. This work is expected to contribute to the future development of fully integrated PADs relying on CRISPR/Cas systems for point-of-care applications requiring no additional reagent handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Tanifuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Hikaru Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Guodong Tong
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Yuki Hiruta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
| | - Daniel Citterio
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan.
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3
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Lyu F, Zhao YH, Zuo XX, Nyide B, Deng BH, Zhou MX, Hou J, Jiao JJ, Zeng MQ, Jie HY, Olaniran A, Lu Y, Khoza T. Thermostable vacuum foam dried Newcastle disease vaccine: Process optimization and pilot-scale study. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:359. [PMID: 38836885 PMCID: PMC11153293 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13174-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Vacuum foam drying (VFD) has been shown to improve the thermostability and long-term shelf life of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV). This study optimized the VFD process to improve the shelf life of NDV at laboratory-scale and then tested the optimized conditions at pilot-scale. The optimal NDV to T5 formulation ratio was determined to be 1:1 or 3:2. Using the 1:1 virus to formulation ratio, the optimal filling volumes were determined to be 13-17% of the vial capacity. The optimized VFD process conditions were determined to be at a shelf temperature of 25℃ with a minimum overall drying time of 44 h. The vaccine samples prepared using these optimized conditions at laboratory-scale exhibited virus titer losses of ≤ 1.0 log10 with residual moisture content (RMC) below 3%. Furthermore, these samples were transported for 97 days around China at ambient temperature without significant titer loss, thus demonstrating the thermostability of the NDV-VFD vaccine. Pilot-scale testing of the NDV-VFD vaccine at optimized conditions showed promising results for up-scaling the process as the RMC was below 3%. However, the virus titer loss was slightly above 1.0 log10 (approximately 1.1 log10). Therefore, the NDV-VFD process requires further optimization at pilot scale to obtain a titer loss of ≤ 1.0 log10. Results from this study provide important guidance for possible industrialization of NDV-VFD vaccine in the future. KEY POINTS: • The process optimization and scale-up test of thermostable NDV vaccine prepared through VFD is reported for the first time in this study. • The live attenuated NDV-VFD vaccine maintained thermostability for 97 days during long distance transportation in summer without cold chain conditions. • The optimized NDV-VFD vaccine preparations evaluated at pilot-scale maintained acceptable levels of infectivity after preservation at 37℃ for 90 days, which demonstrated the feasibility of the vaccine for industrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lyu
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering & Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
- School of Animal Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Hong Zhao
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- School of Animal Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Zuo
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Babalwa Nyide
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering & Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
| | - Bi-Hua Deng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
- School of Animal Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming-Xu Zhou
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Jibo Hou
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jia-Jie Jiao
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- School of Animal Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min-Qian Zeng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
- School of Animal Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong-Ying Jie
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Ademola Olaniran
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Engineering & Science, College of Agriculture, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Yu Lu
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China.
- GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China.
- School of Animal Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Thandeka Khoza
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering & Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa.
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Andretto V, Rosso A, Zilio S, Sidi-Boumedine J, Boschetti G, Sankar S, Buffier M, Miele AE, Denis M, Choffour PA, Briançon S, Nancey S, Kryza D, Lollo G. Peptide-Based Hydrogel for Nanosystems Encapsulation: the Next Generation of Localized Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Intestinal Inflammations. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303280. [PMID: 38445812 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Conventional therapies for inflammatory bowel diseases are mainly based on systemic treatments which cause side effects and toxicity over long-term administration. Nanoparticles appear as a valid alternative to allow a preferential accumulation in inflamed tissues following oral administration while reducing systemic drug exposure. To increase their residence time in the inflamed intestine, the nanoparticles are here associated with a hydrogel matrix. A bioadhesive peptide-based hydrogel is mixed with nanoemulsions, creating a hybrid lipid-polymer nanocomposite. Mucopenetrating nanoemulsions of 100 nm are embedded in a scaffold constituted of the self-assembling peptide hydrogel product PuraStat. The nanocomposite is fully characterized to study the impact of lipid particles in the hydrogel structure. Rheological measurements and circular dichroism analyses are performed to investigate the system's microstructure and physical properties. Biodistribution studies demonstrate that the nanocomposite acts as a depot in the stomach and facilitates the slow release of the nanoemulsions in the intestine. Efficacy studies upon oral administration of the drug-loaded system show the improvement of the disease score in a mouse model of intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Andretto
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France
| | - Annalisa Rosso
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France
| | - Serena Zilio
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France
- SATT, Ouest Valorisation, 14C Rue du Patis Tatelin, Renne, 35708, France
| | - Jacqueline Sidi-Boumedine
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France
| | - Gilles Boschetti
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lyon Sud Hospital, Hospices Civil de Lyon and CIRI, Lyon, 69495, France
| | - Sharanya Sankar
- 3-D Matrix Europe SAS, Medical Technology, Caluire-et-Cuire, 69300, France
| | - Marie Buffier
- 3-D Matrix Europe SAS, Medical Technology, Caluire-et-Cuire, 69300, France
| | - Adriana Erica Miele
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ISA UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, Villeurbanne, F-69100, France
- Dept Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, Rome, I-00185, Italy
| | - Morgane Denis
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Lyon, 69008, France
- Antineo, R&D Department, Lyon, 69008, France
| | | | - Stéphanie Briançon
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France
| | - Stéphane Nancey
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lyon Sud Hospital, Hospices Civil de Lyon and CIRI, Lyon, 69495, France
| | - David Kryza
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, 69437, France
| | - Giovanna Lollo
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, LAGEPP UMR 5007, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France
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5
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Barceló-Chong CM, Filipe V, Nakach M, Ré MI. How spray drying processing and solution composition can affect the mAbs stability in reconstituted solutions for subcutaneous injections. Part I: Contribution of processing stresses against composition. Int J Pharm 2024; 655:123925. [PMID: 38518870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Spray drying is increasingly being applied to process biopharmaceuticals, particularly monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). However, due to their protein nature, mAbs are susceptible to degradation when subjected to various stresses during a drying process. Despite extensive research in this domain, identifying the appropriate formulation composition and spray drying conditions remains a complex challenge, requiring further studies to enhance the understanding on how process and formulation parameters impact mAb stability in reconstituted solutions. This research aims to explore spray drying as technique for producing pharmaceutical mAbs-based powders intended for reconstitution and subcutaneous injection. In the initial phase of this study, using a model mAb (mAb-A), the influence of dissociated and coupled process stresses on protein stability after solution reconstitution was investigated. The findings revealed a detrimental interplay of mechanical, interfacial, and thermal/dehydration stresses on mAb-A stability, notably characterized by an increase in protein aggregation. Subsequently, in a second phase, the study delved into the impact of spray drying processing conditions, the level of excipients, and protein concentration on mAb-A aggregation in reconstituted solutions. The obtained results highlighted the critical role of formulation composition as a parameter deserving further study, specifically concerning the selection of type and concentration of stabilizers to be added in the liquid mAb-A solution to be dried.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasco Filipe
- Sanofi R&D, 1, Impasse des Ateliers, 94403 Vitry sur Seine, France
| | - Mostafa Nakach
- Sanofi R&D, 1, Impasse des Ateliers, 94403 Vitry sur Seine, France
| | - Maria Inês Ré
- IMT Mines Albi, RAPSODEE UMR CNRS 5302, Albi, France
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6
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Kocherbitov V, Music D, Veryazov V. Hydrogen bonding in glassy trehalose-water system: Insights from density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:084504. [PMID: 38411233 DOI: 10.1063/5.0194537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We report a detailed density functional theory and molecular dynamics study of hydrogen bonding between trehalose and water, with a special emphasis on interactions in the amorphous solid state. For comparison, water-water interactions in water dimers and tetramers are evaluated using quantum calculations. The results show that the hydrogen bonding energy is dependent not only on the geometry (bond length and angle) but also on the local environment of the hydrogen bond. This is seen in quantum calculations of complexes in vacuum as well as in amorphous solid states with periodic boundary conditions. The temperature-induced glass transition in the trehalose-water system was studied using molecular dynamics simulations with varying cooling and heating rates. The obtained parameters of the glass transition are in good agreement with the experiments. Moreover, the dehydration of trehalose in the glassy state was investigated through a gradual dehydration with multiple small steps under isothermal conditions. From these simulations, the values of water sorption energy at different temperatures were obtained. The partial molar enthalpy of mixing of water value of -18 kJ/mol found in calorimetric experiments was accurately reproduced in these simulations. These findings are discussed in light of the hydrogen bonding data in the system. We conclude that the observed exothermic effect is due to different responses of liquid and glassy matrices to perturbations associated with the addition or removal of water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Kocherbitov
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
- Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Denis Music
- Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Materials Science and Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Technology and Society, Malmö University, SE-205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Valera Veryazov
- Computational Chemistry, Kemicentrum, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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7
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Sikandar SS, Kumar D, Rathod AG, Agrawal S, Tiwari S. Sugar-based Cryoprotectants Stabilize Liposomal Vesicles by Exhibiting a Cholesterol-like Effect. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:813-821. [PMID: 38170188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Liposomal vesicles tend to fuse and aggregate during lyophilization. To avoid these events, cryoprotectants are added to the dispersion before lyophilization. Herein, we have compared the effect of three commonly used cryoprotectants (mannitol, MTL; trehalose, THL; and β-cyclodextrin, β-CD) upon structural characteristics of liposomes. The formulation was prepared using ethanol injection method, and cryoprotectants were tested at three dose levels (2, 6, and 10 mM). We have elucidated their effect on soy lecithin (SL) liposomes formulated with and without cholesterol (CHL). Characterizations were performed using scattering, thermal, and spectroscopic techniques. CHL molecules interacted hydrophobically with the SL bilayer. In spite of triggering a noticeable increase in the hydrodynamic diameter (about 30 nm), CHL promoted the stabilization of vesicles. Hydrogen bonding interactions were verified by the shift in -OH stretching over 3300-3500 cm-1. This manifested in an increased phase transition temperature (Tm) of SL liposomes. Tm increased further upon incorporation of cryoprotectants, particularly with β-CD. Enthalpic changes were indicative of an affinity interaction between phospholipids and cryoprotectants, regardless of the presence of CHL. β-CD showed concentration-dependent changes in the energetics of this interaction. The affinity of cryoprotectant-liposome interaction has been ranked as β-CD ≫ THL > MNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyed S Sikandar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Raebareli, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Raebareli, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit G Rathod
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Raebareli, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivanshu Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Raebareli, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Raebareli, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhao Y, Yu F. Efficient Production of High-Quality Infrared-Assisted Spouted Bed-Dried Areca taro Based on the Drying Temperature and Cutting Size Control. Foods 2024; 13:260. [PMID: 38254561 PMCID: PMC10815171 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to apply infrared-assisted spouted bed drying (IRSBD) technology for Areca taro drying and to investigate the effects of different parameters on its drying quality. Specifically, in order to determine the suitable conditions for IRSBD, the effects of different drying temperatures (45 °C, 50 °C, 55 °C, and 60 °C) and cutting sizes (6 × 6 × 6 mm, 8 × 8 × 8 mm, 10 × 10 × 10 mm, and 12 × 12 × 12 mm) on the drying characteristics, temperature uniformity, and quality properties (including colour, rehydration ratio, total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity) of Areca taro were studied. The results showed that the optimal drying condition was the sample with a cutting size of 10 × 10 × 10 mm and drying at 50 °C, which yielded the dried sample with the best colour, highest total phenol and flavonoid contents, maximum antioxidant capacity, and rehydration ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Zhao
- Haide College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;
| | - Fanqianhui Yu
- Haide College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China;
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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9
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Tian H, Chang M, Lyu Y, Dong N, Yu N, Yin T, Zhang Y, He H, Gou J, Tang X. Intramuscular injection of palmitic acid-conjugated Exendin-4 loaded multivesicular liposomes for long-acting and improving in-situ stability. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:169-185. [PMID: 38224039 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2305110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exendin-4 (Ex4) is a promising drug for diabetes mellitus with a half-life of 2.4 h in human bodies. Besides, the Ex4 formulations currently employed in the clinic or under development have problems pertaining to stability. In this study, palmitic acid-modified Ex4 (Pal-Ex4) was prepared and purified to extend the half-life of Ex4. In addition, Pal-Ex4-MVLs were further designed and optimized as a long-acting delivery system for intramuscular injection. METHODS Pal-Ex4 was encapsulated within multivesicular liposomes (MVLs) via a two-step double emulsification process. The formulated products were then assessed for their vesicle size, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS Pal-Ex4-MVLs with a notable encapsulation efficiency of 99.18% were successfully prepared. Pal-Ex4-MVLs, administered via a single intramuscular injection in Sprague-Dawley rats, sustained stable plasma concentrations for 168 h, presenting extended half-life (77.28 ± 12.919 h) and enhanced relative bioavailability (664.18%). MVLs protected Ex4 through providing stable retention and slow release. This approach considerably improved the in-situ stability of the drug for intramuscular administration. CONCLUSIONS The combination of palmitic acid modification process with MVLs provides dual protection for Ex4 and can be a promising strategy for other hydrophilic protein/polypeptide-loaded sustained-release delivery systems with high drug bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Minsi Chang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yanlin Lyu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Nan Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Nini Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Tian Yin
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Haibing He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Jingxin Gou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Xing Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
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10
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Artusio F, Adami M, Barresi AA, Fissore D, Frare MC, Udrescu CI, Pisano R. The Freeze-Drying of Pharmaceuticals in Vials Nested in a Rack System-Part II: Primary Drying Behaviour. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2570. [PMID: 38004549 PMCID: PMC10674193 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The freeze-drying of biopharmaceuticals is a common strategy to extend their shelf-life and facilitate the distribution of therapeutics. The drying phase is the most demanding one in terms of energy consumption and determines the overall process time. Our previous work showed how the loading configuration can impact freezing. This paper focuses on primary drying by comparing the thermal behaviour of vials loaded in direct contact with the shelf or nested in a rack system. The overall heat transfer coefficient from the apparatus to the product was evaluated at different chamber pressures (5-30 Pa) and shelf temperatures (from -10 °C to +30 °C), and in the case of various vial positions (central, semi-border, and border vials). Because of the suspended configuration, the heat transfer coefficient was less affected by chamber pressure in vials nested in a rack system. The two loading configurations displayed comparable heat transfer efficiency below 10 Pa. For higher chamber pressure, the heat transfer coefficients of nested vials were lower than those of vials in direct contact with the shelf. Nevertheless, the rack system was beneficial for reducing the inter-vial variability as it promoted higher uniformity in the heat transfer coefficients of central vials. Eventually, thermal image analyses highlighted limited temperature differences between the vials and the rack system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiora Artusio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.A.); (D.F.)
| | | | - Antonello A. Barresi
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Davide Fissore
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.A.); (D.F.)
| | | | - Claudia I. Udrescu
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Roberto Pisano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.A.); (D.F.)
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11
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Friis KP, Gracin S, Oag S, Leijon A, Sand E, Lindberg B, Lázaro-Ibáñez E, Lindqvist J, Whitehead KA, Bak A. Spray dried lipid nanoparticle formulations enable intratracheal delivery of mRNA. J Control Release 2023; 363:389-401. [PMID: 37741463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
RNA therapies have recently taken a giant leap forward with the approval of Onpattro™, a siRNA therapy delivered using a lipid nanoparticle (LNP), and the LNP-enabled mRNA vaccines against COVID-19, which are the first mRNA drugs to reach the marketplace. The latter medicines have illustrated that stability is a significant challenge in the distribution of RNA drugs using non-viral delivery systems, particularly in areas without cold chain storage. Here, we describe a proof-of-concept study on the engineering of an LNP mRNA formulation suitable for spray drying. This process produced a dry powder formulation that maintained stability and preserved mRNA functionality with increased performance compared to liquid formulations stored two weeks at 4 °C. Intratracheal delivery of spray dried LNPs loaded with eGFP mRNA to rats resulted in the production of the eGFP protein in a range of cell types including bronchiolar epithelial cells, macrophages and type II pneumocytes; cell types involved in adaptive immunity and which would be valuable targets for inhaled vaccines against respiratory pathogens. Together, these data show that spray drying of LNPs enhances their stability and may enable RNA delivery to the lung for protein replacement therapy, gene editing, vaccination, and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pagh Friis
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Sandra Gracin
- Inhalation Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Steven Oag
- Animal Sciences & Technology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Leijon
- R&I Safety, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elin Sand
- Imaging and Data Analytics, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Botilda Lindberg
- Bioscience Cough & In Vivo, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, Sweden
| | - Elisa Lázaro-Ibáñez
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johnny Lindqvist
- CPSS Discovery Bioanalysis Europe, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kathryn A Whitehead
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, United States of America
| | - Annette Bak
- Advanced Drug Delivery, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Boston, United States of America
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12
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Tao Y, Chen Y, Howard W, Ibrahim M, Patel SM, McMahon WP, Kim YJ, Delmar JA, Davis D. Mechanism of Insoluble Aggregate Formation in a Reconstituted Solution of Spray-Dried Protein Powder. Pharm Res 2023; 40:2355-2370. [PMID: 37131104 PMCID: PMC10661820 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03524-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spray-drying is considered a promising alternative drying method to lyophilization (freeze-drying) for therapeutic proteins. Particle counts in reconstituted solutions of dried solid dosage forms of biologic drug products are closely monitored to ensure product quality. We found that high levels of particles formed after reconstitution of protein powders that had been spray-dried under suboptimal conditions. METHODS Visible and subvisible particles were evaluated. Soluble proteins in solution before spray-drying and in the reconstituted solution of spray-dried powder were analyzed for their monomer content levels and melting temperatures. Insoluble particles were collected and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared microscopy (FTIR), and further analyzed with hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX). RESULTS Particles observed after reconstitution were shown not to be undissolved excipients. FTIR confirmed their identity as proteinaceous in nature. These particles were therefore considered to be insoluble protein aggregates, and HDX was applied to investigate the mechanism underlying aggregate formation. Heavy-chain complementarity-determining region 1 (CDR-1) in the aggregates showed significant protection by HDX, suggesting CDR-1 was critical for aggregate formation. In contrast, various regions became more conformationally dynamic globally, suggesting the aggregates have lost protein structural integrity and partially unfolded after spray-drying. DISCUSSION The spray-drying process could have disrupted the higher-order structure of proteins and exposed the hydrophobic residues in CDR-1 of the heavy chain, contributing to the formation of aggregate through hydrophobic interactions upon reconstitution of spray-dried powder. These results can contribute to efforts to design spray-dry resilient protein constructs and improve the robustness of the spray-drying process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeqing Tao
- Process and Analytical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, 20787, USA.
| | - Yuan Chen
- Dosage Form Design & Development, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Wesley Howard
- Process and Analytical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, 20787, USA
| | - Mariam Ibrahim
- Dosage Form Design & Development, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Sajal M Patel
- Dosage Form Design & Development, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - William P McMahon
- Process and Analytical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, 20787, USA
| | - Yoen Joo Kim
- Process and Analytical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, 20787, USA
| | - Jared A Delmar
- Process and Analytical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, 20787, USA
| | - Darryl Davis
- Process and Analytical Sciences, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, 20787, USA
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13
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Sahoo S, Rathod W, Vardikar H, Biswal M, Mohanty S, Nayak SK. Biomedical waste plastic: bacteria, disinfection and recycling technologies-a comprehensive review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : IJEST 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37360566 PMCID: PMC10189688 DOI: 10.1007/s13762-023-04975-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Plastic recycling reduces the wastage of potentially useful materials as well as the consumption of virgin materials, thereby lowering the energy consumption, air pollution by incineration, soil and water pollution by landfilling. Plastics used in the biomedical sector have played a significant role. Reducing the transmission of the virus while protecting the human life in particular the frontline workers. Enormous volumes of plastics in biomedical waste have been observed during the outbreak of the pandemic COVID-19. This has resulted from the extensive use of personal protective equipment such as masks, gloves, face shields, bottles, sanitizers, gowns, and other medical plastics which has created challenges to the existing waste management system in the developing countries. The current review focuses on the biomedical waste and its classification, disinfection, and recycling technology of different types of plastics waste generated in the sector and their corresponding approaches toward end-of-life option and value addition. This review provides a broader overview of the process to reduce the volume of plastics from biomedical waste directly entering the landfill while providing a knowledge step toward the conversion of "waste" to "wealth." An average of 25% of the recyclable plastics are present in biomedical waste. All the processes discussed in this article accounts for cleaner techniques and a sustainable approach to the treatment of biomedical waste. Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Sahoo
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials, Central Institute of Petrochemical Engineering and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
- Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha 753003 India
| | - W. Rathod
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials, Central Institute of Petrochemical Engineering and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - H. Vardikar
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials, Central Institute of Petrochemical Engineering and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - M. Biswal
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials, Central Institute of Petrochemical Engineering and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - S. Mohanty
- Laboratory for Advanced Research in Polymeric Materials, Central Institute of Petrochemical Engineering and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024 India
| | - S. K. Nayak
- Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha 753003 India
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14
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Dieplinger J, Pinto JT, Dekner M, Brachtl G, Paudel A. Impact of Different Saccharides on the In-Process Stability of a Protein Drug During Evaporative Drying: From Sessile Droplet Drying to Lab-Scale Spray Drying. Pharm Res 2023; 40:1283-1298. [PMID: 37012535 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03498-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Solid biopharmaceutical products can circumvent lower temperature storage and transport and increase remote access with lower carbon emissions and energy consumption. Saccharides are known stabilizers in a solid protein produced via lyophilization and spray drying (SD). Thus, it is essential to understand the interactions between saccharides and proteins and the stabilization mechanism. METHODS A miniaturized single droplet drying (MD) method was developed to understand how different saccharides stabilize proteins during drying. We applied our MD to different aqueous saccharide-protein systems and transferred our findings to SD. RESULTS The poly- and oligosaccharides tend to destabilize the protein during drying. The oligosaccharide, Hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) shows high aggregation at a high saccharide-to-protein molar ratio (S/P ratio) during MD, and the finding is supported by nanoDSF results. The polysaccharide, Dextran (DEX) leads to larger particles, whereas HPBCD leads to smaller particles. Furthermore, DEX is not able to stabilize the protein at higher S/P ratios either. In contrast, the disaccharide Trehalose Dihydrate (TD) does not increase or induce protein aggregation during the drying of the formulation. It can preserve the protein's secondary structure during drying, already at low concentrations. CONCLUSION During the drying of S/P formulations containing the saccharides TD and DEX, the MD approach could anticipate the in-process (in) stability of protein X at laboratory-scale SD. In contrast, for the systems with HPβCD, the results obtained by SD were contradictory to MD. This underlines that depending on the drying operation, careful consideration needs to be applied to the selection of saccharides and their ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Dieplinger
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Technical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Joana T Pinto
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz, Austria.
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Technical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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15
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Brom J, Petrikis RG, Pielak GJ. How Sugars Protect Dry Protein Structure. Biochemistry 2023; 62:1044-1052. [PMID: 36802580 PMCID: PMC10126877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Extremotolerant organisms and industry exploit sugars as desiccation protectants, with trehalose being widely used by both. How sugars, in general, and the hydrolytically stable sugar trehalose, in particular, protect proteins is poorly understood, which hinders the rational design of new excipients and implementation of novel formulations for preserving lifesaving protein drugs and industrial enzymes. We employed liquid-observed vapor exchange nuclear magnetic resonance (LOVE NMR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) to show how trehalose and other sugars protect two model proteins: the B1 domain of streptococcal protein G (GB1) and truncated barley chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 (CI2). Residues with intramolecular H-bonds are most protected. The LOVE NMR and DSC data indicate that vitrification may be protective. Combining LOVE NMR and TGA data shows that water retention is not important. Our data suggest that sugars protect protein structure as they dry by strengthening intraprotein H-bonds and water replacement and that trehalose is the stress-tolerance sugar of choice because of its covalent stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia
A. Brom
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Ruta G. Petrikis
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Gary J. Pielak
- Department
of Chemistry, University of North Carolina
at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH), Chapel
Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry & Biophysics, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Lineberger
Cancer Center, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Integrative
Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, UNC-CH, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7100, United States
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16
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Perodeau J, Arbogast LW, Nieuwkoop AJ. Solid-State NMR Characterization of Lyophilized Formulations of Monoclonal Antibody Therapeutics. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:1480-1489. [PMID: 36702622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are an important and growing class of biotherapeutic drugs. Method development for the characterization of critical quality attributes, including higher-order structure (HOS), of mAbs remains an area of active inquiry. Recently, solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has received increased attention and is a means for reliable, high-resolution HOS characterization of aqueous-based preparations of mAbs. While mAbs are predominantly formulated in solution, up to 20% are prepared as solid amorphous powders and techniques for the robust characterization of HOS in the solid state remain limited. We propose here the use of solid-state NMR (ssNMR) fingerprinting to inform directly on the HOS of solid preparations of mAbs. Using lyophilized samples of the NISTmAb reference material prepared with different formulation conditions, we demonstrate that 1H-13C cross-polarization (hC-CP) buildup spectral series at natural isotopic abundance mAb samples are sensitive to differences in formulation. We also demonstrate that principal component analysis (PCA) can be used to differentiate the samples from one another in a user-independent manner while also highlighting areas where expert analysis can provide structural details about important molecular interactions in solid-phase protein formulations. Results from this study contribute to establishing the foundation for the use of ssNMR for HOS characterization of solid-phase biotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Perodeau
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey08854, United States
| | - Luke W Arbogast
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Rockville, Maryland20850, United States
| | - Andrew J Nieuwkoop
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey08854, United States
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17
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Development of spray-dried N-acetylcysteine dry powder for inhalation. Int J Pharm 2023; 631:122550. [PMID: 36577481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has both antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities and has been used as adjuvant therapy in several viral infections. Recently, NAC attracted attention for its possible role in reducing the affinity of the spike protein receptor binding domain to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) receptors. Since only NAC solutions are available for inhalation, the purpose of the work was to develop a NAC dry powder for inhalation using mannitol or leucine as excipient. The powder was successfully produced using co-spray-drying with leucine. ATR-FTIR analyses evidenced spectral variations ascribed to the formation of specific interactions between NAC and leucine. This effect on the NAC environment was not evident for NAC-mannitol powders, but mannitol was in a different polymorphic form compared to the supplied material. Both the feedstock concentration and the leucine content have an impact on the powder aerodynamic features. In particular, to maximize the respirable fraction, it is preferable to produce the powder starting from a 0.5 % w/v feedstock solution using 33 to 50 % w/w leucine content. The NAC-leucine powder was stable for ten months maintaining NAC content of 50 % (w/w) and about 200 μg of NAC was able to deposit on a transwell insert, useful for future in vitro studies.
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18
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Wang S, Zhao J, Li M, Qiao R, Li C. Pharmaceutical Tazobactam Sodium Single Crystal Structure Determination, Polymorphism and Crystallization Process. Chem Eng Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2023.118526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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19
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Luo H, Li Y. Downstream Processing of Medicinal Mushroom Products. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 184:187-218. [PMID: 35192002 DOI: 10.1007/10_2021_187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal mushrooms are higher fungi that consist of ascomycetes, basidiomycetes, and imperfect fungi. They have been long used as tonic and traditional medicine in East Asia, Europe, and Africa. Contemporary pharmacological researches have revealed that they possess a wide spectrum of bioactivity due to their production of a variety of bioactive compounds. Some of them have entered into the market; some are ready for industrial trials and further commercialization, while others are in various stages of development. According to the purpose of usage, a variety of medicinal mushroom-based products have been developed, which could be roughly divided into three general categories, i.e., nutraceuticals/functional foods, nutriceuticals/dietary supplements, and pharmaceuticals. Accordingly, the downstream processing of medicinal mushroom products varies greatly. Indeed, a major characteristic of medicinal mushroom is the wide variety of secondary metabolites, due to which a broad spectrum of separation techniques must be employed. In this chapter we will present an overview of the achievements in downstream processing technology for medicinal mushroom products. Examples of separation of products such as bioactive high-molecular-weight products like polysaccharides and low-molecular-weight products like triterpenoids are given. The application of some special separation strategy, e.g., chemical reaction-assisted separation for tackling some analogs with similar physicochemical properties from medicinal mushroom, is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingbo Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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20
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Ó'Fágáin C, Colliton K. Storage and Lyophilization of Pure Proteins. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2699:421-475. [PMID: 37647008 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3362-5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
This chapter outlines empirical procedures for the storage of pure proteins with preservation of high levels of biological activity. It describes simple and workable means of preventing microbial contamination and proteolytic degradation and the use of various types of stabilizing additives. It sets out the principles of lyophilization (a complex process comprising freezing, primary drying, and secondary drying stages, otherwise known as freeze-drying). There follows a general procedure for the use of lyophilizer apparatus with emphasis on best practice and on pitfalls to avoid. The use of modulated differential scanning calorimetry to measure the glass transition temperature, a key parameter in the design and successful operation of lyophilization processes, is described. This chapter concludes with brief summaries of interesting recent work in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciarán Ó'Fágáin
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Keith Colliton
- Pfizer Ireland Pharmaceuticals, Grange Castle Business Park, Dublin, Ireland
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21
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Zhang H, Feng M, Fang Y, Wu Y, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Xu J. Recent advancements in encapsulation of chitosan-based enzymes and their applications in food industry. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:11044-11062. [PMID: 35694766 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2086851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are readily inactivated in harsh micro-environment due to changes in pH, temperature, and ionic strength. Developing suitable and feasible techniques for stabilizing enzymes in food sector is critical for preventing them from degradation. This review provides an overview on chitosan (CS)-based enzymes encapsulation techniques, enzyme release mechanisms, and their applications in food industry. The challenges and future prospects of CS-based enzymes encapsulation were also discussed. CS-based encapsulation techniques including ionotropic gelation, emulsification, spray drying, layer-by-layer self-assembly, hydrogels, and films have been studied to improve the encapsulation efficacy (EE), heat, acid and base stability of enzymes for their applications in food, agricultural, and medical industries. The smart delivery design, new delivery system development, and in vivo releasing mechanisms of enzymes using CS-based encapsulation techniques have also been evaluated in laboratory level studies. The CS-based encapsulation techniques in commercial products should be further improved for broadening their application fields. In conclusion, CS-based encapsulation techniques may provide a promising approach to improve EE and bioavailability of enzymes applied in food industry.HighlightsEnzymes play a critical role in food industries but susceptible to inactivation.Chitosan-based materials could be used to maintain the enzyme activity.Releasing mechanisms of enzymes from encapsulators were outlined.Applications of encapsulated enzymes in food fields was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcai Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Veterinary Bio-tech Key Laboratory, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaomiao Feng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yapeng Fang
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wu
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Zhao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Jianxiong Xu
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Veterinary Bio-tech Key Laboratory, Shanghai, China
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22
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Fiedler D, Alva C, Pinto JT, Spoerk M, Jeitler R, Roblegg E. In-vial printing and drying of biologics as a personalizable approach. Int J Pharm 2022; 623:121909. [PMID: 35697202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study addressed the need for a flexible (personalizable) production of biologics, allowing their stabilization in the solid state and processing of small batch volumes. Therefore, inkjet printing into vials followed by a gentle vacuum drying step at ambient temperature was investigated by screening different formulations with a 22-full factorial design of experiments regarding printability. Human Serum Albumin (HSA) was used as a model protein in a wide range of concentrations (5 to 50 mg/ml), with (10 w/v%) and without the surfactant polysorbate 80 (PS80). PS80 was identified to positively affect the formulations by increasing the Ohnesorge number and stabilizing the printing process. The dispensed volumes with a target dose of 0.5 mg HSA were dried and analyzed concerning their residual moisture (RM) and protein aggregation. All investigated formulations showed an RM < 10 wt% and no significant induced protein aggregation as confirmed by Size Exclusion Chromatography (<2.5%) and Dynamic Light Scattering (Aggregation Index ≤ 2.5). Additionally, long-term printability and the available final dose after reconstitution were investigated for two optimized formulations. A promising formulation providing ∼93% of the targeted dose and a reconstitution time of 30 s was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Fiedler
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Inffeldgasse 13/III, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Carolina Alva
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Joana T Pinto
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Spoerk
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ramona Jeitler
- University of Graz, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology & Biopharmacy, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Eva Roblegg
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13/II, 8010 Graz, Austria; University of Graz, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Technology & Biopharmacy, Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed-Graz, Mozartgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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23
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Ghaemmaghamian Z, Zarghami R, Walker G, O'Reilly E, Ziaee A. Stabilizing vaccines via drying: Quality by design considerations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 187:114313. [PMID: 35597307 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pandemics and epidemics are continually challenging human beings' health and imposing major stresses on the societies particularly over the last few decades, when their frequency has increased significantly. Protecting humans from multiple diseases is best achieved through vaccination. However, vaccines thermal instability has always been a hurdle in their widespread application, especially in less developed countries. Furthermore, insufficient vaccine processing capacity is also a major challenge for global vaccination programs. Continuous drying of vaccine formulations is one of the potential solutions to these challenges. This review highlights the challenges on implementing the continuous drying techniques for drying vaccines. The conventional drying methods, emerging technologies and their adaptation by biopharmaceutical industry are investigated considering the patented technologies for drying of vaccines. Moreover, the current progress in applying Quality by Design (QbD) in each of the drying techniques considering the critical quality attributes (CQAs), critical process parameters (CPPs) are comprehensively reviewed. An expert advice is presented on the required actions to be taken within the biopharmaceutical industry to move towards continuous stabilization of vaccines in the realm of QbD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghaemmaghamian
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Process Centers of Excellence, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Zarghami
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Laboratory, Pharmaceutical Process Centers of Excellence, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gavin Walker
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre of Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Emmet O'Reilly
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre of Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ahmad Ziaee
- SSPC, The SFI Research Centre of Pharmaceuticals, Bernal Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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24
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Henriques P, Fortuna A, Doktorovová S. Spray dried powders for nasal delivery: Process and formulation considerations. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 176:1-20. [PMID: 35568256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Powders for nasal delivery have been recognized as advantageous dosage forms over liquids due to increased stability and residence time on nasal mucosa, with improved bioavailability. They can be manufactured by spray-drying, allowing the optimization of the particle properties that are critical to guarantee nasal deposition, as size and shape. It is also a scalable and flexible method already explored extensively in the pharmaceutical industry. However, it is important to understand how process parameters, particle physical properties and formulation considerations affect the product performance. Hence, this review aims to provide an overview of nasal powder formulation and processing through spray drying, with an emphasis on the variables that impact on performance. To this purpose, we describe the physical, biological and pharmacological phenomena prior to drug absorption as well as the most relevant powder properties. Formulation considerations including qualitative and quantitative composition are then reviewed, as well as manufacturing considerations including spray drying relevant parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Henriques
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; R&D, Drug Product Development, Hovione FarmaCiencia SA, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Fortuna
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research, Coimbra, Portugal
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25
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Incorporation of itraconazole nano-co-crystals into multiparticulate oral dosage forms. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 176:75-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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26
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Effects of different drying methods on phenolic components and in vitro hypoglycemic activities of pulp extracts from two Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) cultivars. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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27
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Approaches for the Elimination of Microbial Contaminants from Lippia multiflora Mold. Leaves Intended for Tea Bagging and Evaluation of Formulation. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2022; 2022:7235489. [PMID: 35265846 PMCID: PMC8898794 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7235489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Elimination of microorganisms from herbal products has been a major concern due to its implicated health risk to consumers. Drying of herbal materials has been employed for centuries to reduce the risk of contamination and spoilage. The present study adopted three drying approaches in an attempt to eliminate microorganisms from Lippia multiflora tea bag formulation. This study also evaluated the tea bags and optimized the extraction procedure. The L. multiflora leaves for tea bagging were air-dried and milled (A), oven-dried and milled (B), and microwaved (the milled air-dried leaves) (C). The moisture contents were determined at 105°C ± 2°C for 2 hours to constant weight. Phytochemical parameters such as phytochemical constituents, total water extractive, and pH were assessed. The microbial safety and quality of the L. multiflora tea bags were evaluated using the British Pharmacopoeia 2019 specifications. The uniformity of the mass of the formulated tea bags was also determined. Extraction from the Lippia tea bags was optimized. The results showed that using the approaches (A, B, and C) adopted for drying and processing, the moisture contents of the formulated tea bags were in the range of 9.75–10.71% w/w. All the formulated tea bags contained reducing sugars, phenolic compounds, polyuronides, flavonoids, anthracenosides, alkaloids, saponins, and phytosterols. The pH range of the formulations was 7.11–7.54, whereas the total water extractive values were in the range of 19.12–20.41% w/w. The one-way analysis of variance demonstrated no significant difference in the data obtained from the results from A, B, and C. The formulation from A was found to be unsafe for consumption due to unacceptable microbial contamination limits. Microbial load of the formulations from B and C were within the BP specifications. All the batches of the formulations passed the uniformity of mass test. An optimized extraction procedure was obtained when one tea bag was extracted in 250 mL of hot water within the specified time. L. multiflora leaves meant for tea bagging should be oven-dried or microwaved before tea bagging for safe consumption.
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28
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Crilly CJ, Brom JA, Warmuth O, Esterly HJ, Pielak GJ. Protection by desiccation-tolerance proteins probed at the residue level. Protein Sci 2022; 31:396-406. [PMID: 34766407 PMCID: PMC8819849 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Extremotolerant organisms from all domains of life produce protective intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) in response to desiccation stress. In vitro, many of these IDPs protect enzymes from dehydration stress better than U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved excipients. However, as with most excipients, their protective mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we apply thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and liquid-observed vapor exchange (LOVE) NMR to study the protection of two model globular proteins (the B1 domain of staphylococcal protein G [GB1] and chymotrypsin inhibitor 2 [CI2]) by two desiccation-tolerance proteins (CAHS D from tardigrades and PvLEA4 from an anhydrobiotic midge), as well as by disordered and globular protein controls. We find that all protein samples retain similar amounts of water and possess similar glass transition temperatures, suggesting that neither enhanced water retention nor vitrification is responsible for protection. LOVE NMR reveals that IDPs protect against dehydration-induced unfolding better than the globular protein control, generally protect the same regions of GB1 and CI2, and protect GB1 better than CI2. These observations suggest that electrostatic interactions, charge patterning, and expanded conformations are key to protection. Further application of LOVE NMR to additional client proteins and protectants will deepen our understanding of dehydration protection, enabling the streamlined production of dehydrated proteins for expanded use in the medical, biotechnology, and chemical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candice J. Crilly
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC‐CH)Chapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Julia A. Brom
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC‐CH)Chapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Owen Warmuth
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC‐CH)Chapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Harrison J. Esterly
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC‐CH)Chapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Gary J. Pielak
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC‐CH)Chapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA,Department of Biochemistry & BiophysicsUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC‐CH)Chapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA,Lineberger Cancer CenterUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC‐CH)Chapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA,Integrative Program for Biological and Genome SciencesUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC‐CH)Chapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
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29
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Wei L, Shirakashi R. Simulation of air/vacuum desiccation process for high‐quality preservation of proteins. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wei
- Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Ryo Shirakashi
- Institute of Industrial Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
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30
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Rostamnezhad M, Jafari H, Moradikhah F, Bahrainian S, Faghihi H, Khalvati R, Bafkary R, Vatanara A. Spray Freeze-Drying for inhalation application: Process and Formulation Variables. Pharm Dev Technol 2021; 27:251-267. [PMID: 34935582 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2021.2021941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
High porous particles with specific aerodynamic properties were processed by the spray freeze-drying (SFD) method. Comprehensive knowledge about all aspects of the SFD method is required for particle engineering of various pharmaceutical products with good flow properties. In this review, different types of the SFD method, the most frequently employed excipients, properties of particles prepared by this method, and most recent approaches concerning SFD are summarized. Generally, this technique can prepare spherical-shaped particles with a highly porous interior structure, responsible for the very low density of powders. Increasing the solubility of spray freeze-dried formulations achieves the desired efficacy. Also, due to the high efficiency of SFD, by determining the different features of this method and optimizing the process by model-based studies, desirable results for various inhaled products can be achieved and significant progress can be made in the field of pulmonary drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Rostamnezhad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Jafari
- Department of Food and Drug Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Moradikhah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Bahrainian
- Aerosol Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Faghihi
- School of Pharmacy-International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Khalvati
- Food and Drug Administration, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Reza Bafkary
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Alireza Vatanara
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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31
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Jiang B, Yu D, Zhang Y, Yu H, Feng H, Hoag SW. Spray layering of human immunoglobulin G: Optimization of formulation and process parameters. Int J Pharm 2021; 610:121238. [PMID: 34748814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Spray layering is a technique used to apply drug or functional polymers onto carrier beads; in addition, it can be used as an alternative method for protein drying and to layer protein on a multiparticulate delivery system. In this study, the effects of formulation variables and process parameters on human immunoglobulin G (IgG) properties during spray layering were studied. Excipients including polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), trehalose, sucrose, L-arginine monohydrochloride were studied for their effects on improving IgG stability during spray layering. Process parameters including protein solution feed rate, inlet air temperature, inlet air flow rate, and atomization pressure of spray solution were studied using 24 full factorial design with three replicated center points. Adding PVP into the formulation significantly decreased the turbidity of the reconstitution solution and increased the IgG recovery. Adding trehalose, sucrose, or arginine further improved protein recovery after reconstitution and decreased the percentage of IgG aggregation. The Design of Experiments (DOE) results showed no significant effects from the four process factors on the process yield and IgG protein recovery in the range of parameters studied. All main factors except atomization pressure had significant effects on monomer percentage, among which air flow represented the most significant influence. In addition, the inlet air temperature had significant effects on the in vitro binding activity of IgG after spray layering. By optimizing the formulation, we were able to recover the most spray layered IgG and reduce the IgG aggregation during the process. The DOE studies gave insight into how process variables affect the spray layered products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dongyue Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yongrong Zhang
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hua Yu
- FZata Inc, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hanping Feng
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States; FZata Inc, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Stephen W Hoag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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32
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Kubbutat P, Kulozik U, Dombrowski J. Influence of interfacial characteristics and dielectric properties on foam structure preservation during microwave-assisted vacuum drying of whey protein isolate-maltodextrin dispersions. J FOOD ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2021.110691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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33
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Pramanik S, Mohanto S, Manne R, Rajendran RR, Deepak A, Edapully SJ, Patil T, Katari O. Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery System: The Magic Bullet for the Treatment of Chronic Pulmonary Diseases. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3671-3718. [PMID: 34491754 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pulmonary diseases encompass different persistent and lethal diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), cystic fibrosis (CF), asthma, and lung cancers that affect millions of people globally. Traditional pharmacotherapeutic treatment approaches (i.e., bronchodilators, corticosteroids, chemotherapeutics, peptide-based agents, etc.) are not satisfactory to cure or impede diseases. With the advent of nanotechnology, drug delivery to an intended site is still difficult, but the nanoparticle's physicochemical properties can accomplish targeted therapeutic delivery. Based on their surface, size, density, and physical-chemical properties, nanoparticles have demonstrated enhanced pharmacokinetics of actives, achieving the spotlight in the drug delivery research field. In this review, the authors have highlighted different nanoparticle-based therapeutic delivery approaches to treat chronic pulmonary diseases along with the preparation techniques. The authors have remarked the nanosuspension delivery via nebulization and dry powder carrier is further effective in the lung delivery system since the particles released from these systems are innumerable to composite nanoparticles. The authors have also outlined the inhaled particle's toxicity, patented nanoparticle-based pulmonary formulations, and commercial pulmonary drug delivery devices (PDD) in other sections. Recently advanced formulations employing nanoparticles as therapeutic carriers for the efficient treatment of chronic pulmonary diseases are also canvassed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheersha Pramanik
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy Jalpaiguri, Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Road, Hospital Para, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal 735101, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600036, India
| | - Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Himalayan Pharmacy Institute, Majhitar, East Sikkim 737176, India.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College and Research Centre, Yenepoya, Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
| | - Ravi Manne
- Quality Control and Assurance Department, Chemtex Environmental Lab, 3082 25th Street, Port Arthur, Texas 77642, United States
| | - Rahul R Rajendran
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Lehigh University, 19 Memorial Drive West, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - A Deepak
- Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600128, India
| | - Sijo Joy Edapully
- School of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Calicut, NIT campus, Kozhikode, Kerala 673601, India.,Corporate Head Office, HLL Lifecare Limited, Poojappura, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala 695012, India
| | - Triveni Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Erandwane, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Oly Katari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Guwahati, Assam 781101, India
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34
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Park J, Cho JH, Braatz RD. Mathematical modeling and analysis of microwave-assisted freeze-drying in biopharmaceutical applications. Comput Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2021.107412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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35
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Kubbutat P, Leitão L, Kulozik U. Stability of Foams in Vacuum Drying Processes. Effects of Interactions between Sugars, Proteins, and Surfactants on Foam Stability and Dried Foam Properties. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081876. [PMID: 34441652 PMCID: PMC8392398 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothesis was that saccharides mediate interactions between surface-active components and that this will have an impact on foam decay during the drying process. Static light scattering was performed to determine changes in interactions between the foam stabilizer on a molecular level. Furthermore, pendant drop and oscillating drop measurements were performed to examine the surface tension and surface rheology. Foams were dried in conventional dryers as well as microwave-supported vacuum dryers. Final foam properties were determined. It was shown that the addition of sugars, often added as protective substances for sensitive organic molecules, resulted in lower repulsion between different types of surface-active components, namely polysorbate 80 and β-lactoglobulin (β-lg). Differences in impact of the types of sugars and between different types of surfactant, protein, and small molecules were observed influencing the foam decay behavior. The interfacial properties of polysorbate 80 and β-lg were influenced by the type of the used sugars. The surface elasticity of protein stabilized surfaces was higher compared to that of polysorbate stabilized systems. Protein stabilized systems remained more stable compared to polysorbate systems, which was also affected by the used saccharide. Overall, a correlation between molecular interactions and foam decay behavior was found.
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36
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Onwude DI, Iranshahi K, Martynenko A, Defraeye T. Electrohydrodynamic drying: Can we scale-up the technology to make dried fruits and vegetables more nutritious and appealing? Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:5283-5313. [PMID: 34355510 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) drying is a promising technology to better preserve the nutritional content and sensory appeal of dried fruits and vegetables. To successfully scale up this technology, we need to rethink the current EHD dryer designs. There is also a significant potential to further enhance the nutritional content and sensory quality of the dried products by optimizing EHD process parameters. This study particularly highlights the current bottlenecks in scaling up the technology and improving nutrient retention and sensory appeal of the dried products. We discuss plausible future pathways to further develop the technology to produce highly nutritious dried products. Particular emphasis has been given to quantifying the residual nutritional and sensory properties of EHD dried products, and possible EHD dryer configurations for farmers and the industry. Concerning the nutritional content, EHD drying preserves vitamins, carotenes, and antioxidants significantly better than convective air drying. From the sensory perspective, EHD drying enhances the color of dried products, as well as their general appearance. With respect to scalability, placing the fruit on a grounded mesh electrode dries the fruit much faster and more uniformly than the grounded plate electrode. Future research should be directed toward simultaneous measurements of multiple food nutrients and sensory properties during EHD drying with a grounded mesh collector. Quantifying the impact of the food loading density on drying kinetics and energy consumption of the EHD drying process should also be a future research goal. Research comparing EHD drying with commercially available drying methods such as freeze-drying, microwave-drying, and infrared drying should also be carried out. This study gives promising insight toward developing a scalable novel thermal drying technology tailored to the requirements of the current and future society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel I Onwude
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, St. Gallen, Switzerland.,Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
| | - Kamran Iranshahi
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, St. Gallen, Switzerland.,Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH-Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alex Martynenko
- Department of Engineering, Dalhousie University, Faculty of Agriculture, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Thijs Defraeye
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, St. Gallen, Switzerland.,Department of Engineering, Dalhousie University, Faculty of Agriculture, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
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37
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M Mansour S, N Shamma R, A Ahmed K, A Sabry N, Esmat G, A Mahmoud A, Maged A. Safety of inhaled ivermectin as a repurposed direct drug for treatment of COVID-19: A preclinical tolerance study. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:108004. [PMID: 34333358 PMCID: PMC8299187 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction SARS-CoV-2 replication in cell cultures has been shown to be inhibited by ivermectin. However, ivermectin's low aqueous solubility and bioavailability hinders its application in COVID-19 treatment. Also, it has been suggested that best outcomes for this medication can be achieved via direct administration to the lung. Objectives This study aimed at evaluating the safety of a novel ivermectin inhalable formulation in rats as a pre-clinical step. Methods Hydroxy propyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was used to formulate readily soluble ivermectin lyophilized powder. Adult male rats were used to test lung toxicity for ivermectin-HP-β-CD formulations in doses of 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg for 3 successive days. Results The X-ray diffraction for lyophilized ivermectin-HP-β-CD revealed its amorphous structure that increased drug aqueous solubility 127-fold and was rapidly dissolved within 5 s in saline. Pulmonary administration of ivermectin-HP-β-CD in doses of 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg showed dose-dependent increase in levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-13 and ICAM-1 as well as gene expression of MCP-1, protein expression of PIII-NP and serum levels of SP-D paralleled by reduction in IL-10. Moreover, lungs treated with ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg) revealed mild histopathological alterations, while severe pulmonary damage was seen in rats treated with ivermectin at doses of 0.4 and 0.8 mg/kg. However, ivermectin-HP-β-CD formulation administered in doses of 0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg revealed safety profiles. Conclusion The safety of inhaled ivermectin-HP-β-CD formulation is dose-dependent. Nevertheless, use of low doses (0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg) could be considered as a possible therapeutic regimen in COVID-19 cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan M Mansour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab N Shamma
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Nirmeen A Sabry
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Gamal Esmat
- Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepatogastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Azza A Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Maged
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Factory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
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38
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Morgan BA, Niinivaara E, Xing Z, Thompson MR, Cranston ED. Validation of a diffusion-based single droplet drying model for encapsulation of a viral-vectored vaccine using an acoustic levitator. Int J Pharm 2021; 605:120806. [PMID: 34144140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Development of thermally stable spray dried viral-vectored vaccine powders is dependent on the selection of a proper excipient or excipient blend for encapsulation, which can be a time and resource intensive process. In this work, a diffusion-based droplet drying model was developed to compute droplet drying time, size, and component distribution. The model predictions were validated using an acoustic levitator to dry droplets containing protein-coated or fluorescently labelled silica nanoparticles (as adenoviral vector analogues) and a range of excipient blends. Surface morphology of the dried particles was characterized by atomic force microscopy and the distribution of silica nanoparticles was quantified by confocal microscopy. The modelled distributions of adenovirus agreed with the microscopy results for three mannitol/dextran excipient blends with varying molecular weight dextrans, verifying the equations and assumptions of the model. Viral vector activity data for adenovirus in a range of (poly)saccharide/sugar alcohol formulations were also compared to the model outputs, suggesting that viral activity decreases when the model predicts increasing adenovirus concentrations near the air-solid interface. Using a validated model with excipient property inputs that are readily available in the literature can facilitate the development of viral-vectored vaccines by identifying promising excipients without the need for experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blair A Morgan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Elina Niinivaara
- Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-0076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland
| | - Zhou Xing
- McMaster Immunology Research Centre and Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Michael R Thompson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
| | - Emily D Cranston
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada; Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Abstract
Spray drying is a versatile technology that has been applied widely in the chemical, food, and, most recently, pharmaceutical industries. This review focuses on engineering advances and the most significant applications of spray drying for pharmaceuticals. An in-depth view of the process and its use is provided for amorphous solid dispersions, a major, growing drug-delivery approach. Enhanced understanding of the relationship of spray-drying process parameters to final product quality attributes has made robust product development possible to address a wide range of pharmaceutical problem statements. Formulation and process optimization have leveraged the knowledge gained as the technology has matured, enabling improved process development from early feasibility screening through commercial applications. Spray drying's use for approved small-molecule oral products is highlighted, as are emerging applications specific to delivery of biologics and non-oral delivery of dry powders. Based on the changing landscape of the industry, significant future opportunities exist for pharmaceutical spray drying.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Baumann
- Small Molecules, Lonza Pharma & Biotech, Bend, Oregon 97701, USA; , ,
| | - Molly S Adam
- Small Molecules, Lonza Pharma & Biotech, Bend, Oregon 97701, USA; , ,
| | - Joel D Wood
- Small Molecules, Lonza Pharma & Biotech, Bend, Oregon 97701, USA; , ,
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40
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Kubbutat P, Kulozik U. Interactions of sugar alcohol, di-saccharides and polysaccharides with polysorbate 80 as surfactant in the stabilization of foams. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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Qi Y, Fox CB. Development of thermostable vaccine adjuvants. Expert Rev Vaccines 2021; 20:497-517. [PMID: 33724133 PMCID: PMC8292183 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1902314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The importance of vaccine thermostability has been discussed in the literature. Nevertheless, the challenge of developing thermostable vaccine adjuvants has sometimes not received appropriate emphasis. Adjuvants comprise an expansive range of particulate and molecular compositions, requiring innovative thermostable formulation and process development approaches. AREAS COVERED Reports on efforts to develop thermostable adjuvant-containing vaccines have increased in recent years, and substantial progress has been made in enhancing the stability of the major classes of adjuvants. This narrative review summarizes the current status of thermostable vaccine adjuvant development and looks forward to the next potential developments in the field. EXPERT OPINION As adjuvant-containing vaccines become more widely used, the unique challenges associated with developing thermostable adjuvant formulations merit increased attention. In particular, more focused efforts are needed to translate promising proof-of-concept technologies and formulations into clinical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhi Qi
- Infectious Disease Research Institute (IDRI), 1616 Eastlake
Ave E, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Christopher B. Fox
- Infectious Disease Research Institute (IDRI), 1616 Eastlake
Ave E, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA, USA
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42
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Chen Y, Mutukuri TT, Wilson NE, Zhou QT. Pharmaceutical protein solids: Drying technology, solid-state characterization and stability. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 172:211-233. [PMID: 33705880 PMCID: PMC8107147 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite the boom in biologics over the past decade, the intrinsic instability of these large molecules poses significant challenges to formulation development. Almost half of all pharmaceutical protein products are formulated in the solid form to preserve protein native structure and extend product shelf-life. In this review, both traditional and emerging drying techniques for producing protein solids will be discussed. During the drying process, various stresses can impact the stability of protein solids. However, understanding the impact of stress on protein product quality can be challenging due to the lack of reliable characterization techniques for biological solids. Both conventional and advanced characterization techniques are discussed including differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), solid-state Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (ssFTIR), solid-state fluorescence spectrometry, solid-state hydrogen deuterium exchange (ssHDX), solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) and solid-state photolytic labeling (ssPL). Advanced characterization tools may offer mechanistic investigations into local structural changes and interactions at higher resolutions. The continuous exploration of new drying techniques, as well as a better understanding of the effects caused by different drying techniques in solid state, would advance the formulation development of biological products with superior quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Tarun Tejasvi Mutukuri
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Nathan E Wilson
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Qi Tony Zhou
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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43
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Preston KB, Randolph TW. Stability of lyophilized and spray dried vaccine formulations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 171:50-61. [PMID: 33484735 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Liquid formulations of vaccines are subject to instabilities that result from degradation processes that proceed via a variety of physical and chemical pathways. In dried formulations, such as those prepared by lyophilization or spray drying, many of these degradation pathways may be avoided or inhibited. Thus, the stability of vaccine formulations can be enhanced significantly in the absence of bulk water. Potential advantages of dry vaccine formulations include extended shelf lives and less stringent cold-chain storage requirements, both of which offer possibilities of reduced vaccine wastage and facilitated distribution to resource-poor areas. Lyophilization and spray drying represent the most common methods of stabilizing vaccines through drying. This article reviews several lyophilized and spray dried vaccines that address a diverse set of pathogens, as well as some of the assays used to quantify their stability. Recent dry vaccine trends include needle-free delivery of dry powder via non-parenteral routes of administration and the incorporation of advanced vaccine adjuvants into formulations, which further contribute to the goal of increasing vaccine distribution to resource-poor areas. Challenges associated with development of these newer technologies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendall B Preston
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, United States of America
| | - Theodore W Randolph
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, United States of America.
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Kim AY, Kim H, Park SY, Park SH, Kim JS, Park JW, Park JH, Ko YJ. Development of a Potent Stabilizer for Long-Term Storage of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Antigens. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9030252. [PMID: 33809252 PMCID: PMC8001202 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9030252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A local virus isolate, O/SKR/JC/2014 (O JC), has been considered as a candidate vaccine strain in the development of a domestic foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine in Korea. However, producing and preserving a sufficient quantity of intact vaccine antigens from the O JC strain was difficult owing to its distinctive structural instability compared to other candidate vaccine strains. Based on this feature, the O JC strain was adopted as a model virus for the stabilization study to determine the optimal stabilizer composition, which enables long-term storage of the FMD vaccine antigen in both aqueous and frozen phases. In contrast to O JC vaccine antigens stored in routinely used Tris-buffered or phosphate-buffered saline, those stored in Tris-KCl buffer showed extended shelf-life at both 4 °C and −70 °C. Additionally, the combined application of 10% sucrose and 5% lactalbumin hydrolysate could protect O JC 146S particles from massive structural breakdown in an aqueous state for up to one year. The stabilizer composition was also effective for other FMDV strains, including serotypes A and Asia 1. With this stabilizer composition, FMD vaccine antigens could be flexibly preserved during the general production process, pending status under refrigeration and banking under ultrafreezing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Young-Joon Ko
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-54-912-0908; Fax: +82-54-912-0890
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Bhambhani A, Stanbro J, Roth D, Sullivan E, Jones M, Evans R, Blue J. Evaluation of Microwave Vacuum Drying as an Alternative to Freeze-Drying of Biologics and Vaccines: the Power of Simple Modeling to Identify a Mechanism for Faster Drying Times Achieved with Microwave. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:52. [PMID: 33469785 PMCID: PMC7814865 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01912-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vial-based lyophilization for biopharmaceuticals has been an indispensable cornerstone process for over 50 years. However, the process is not without significant challenges. Capital costs to realize a lyophilized drug product facility, for example, are very high. Similarly, heat and mass transfer limitations inherent in lyophilization result in drying cycle on the order of several days while putting practical constraints on available formulation space, such as solute mass percentage or fill volume in a vial. Through collaboration with an external partner, we are exploring microwave vacuum drying (MVD) as a faster drying process to vial lyophilization wherein the heat transfer process occurs by microwave radiation instead of pure conduction from the vial. Drying using this radiative process demonstrates greater than 80% reduction in drying time over traditional freeze-drying times while maintaining product activity and stability. Such reduction in freeze-drying process times from days to several hours is a welcome change as it enables flexible manufacturing by being able to better react to changes either in terms of product volume for on-demand manufacturing scenarios or facilities for production (e.g., scale-out over scale-up). Additionally, by utilizing first-principle modeling coupled with experimental verification, a mechanism for faster drying times associated with MVD is proposed in this article. This research, to the best of our knowledge, forms the very first report of utilizing microwave vacuum drying for vaccines while utilizing the power of simplified models to understand drying principles associated with MVD.
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46
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Enhancing the preservation of liposomes: The role of cryoprotectants, lipid formulations and freezing approaches. Cryobiology 2021; 98:46-56. [PMID: 33400962 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, liposomes acquired a striking success in the biomedical field thanks to their biocompatibility and drug delivery ability. Many liposomal drug formulations have been already approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and used for the treatment of a wide range of pathologies with or without further engineering. Their clinical application requires strict compliance with high standard quality rules, and it is crucial to employ storage methods that do not affect the integrity of the vesicles and preventing the leakage of their cargo. In this work, the design of a suitable formulation for freeze-drying had been investigated for two different liposomes, DOPC-DOTAP and the PEGylated counterpart, DOPC-DOTAP-DSPE-PEG. The role of various cryoprotectants was evaluated paying attention to their ability to preserve the structural integrity of liposomes. At first, the study was focused on freezing and two methodologies were investigated, quenching in liquid nitrogen and shelf-ramped freezing. This analysis showed that the disaccharides (cellobiose, glucose, lactose, sucrose, and trehalose) and the polyol (mannitol) protected successfully the integrity of liposomes, while during the process, in the presence of a surfactant, liposomes were strongly damaged and fragmented by the ice crystals. Furthermore, the choice of the rate of freezing depended on the different compositions of the lipid bilayer. Finally, the effects of lyophilization on liposomes with and without additives were studied; cellobiose, lactose and trehalose showed encouraging results for the maintenance of the morpho-functional parameters of liposomes during the entire freeze-drying process.
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47
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Loi P, Anzalone DA, Palazzese L, Dinnyés A, Saragusty J, Czernik M. Dry storage of mammalian spermatozoa and cells: state-of-the-art and possible future directions. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 33:82-90. [PMID: 38769676 DOI: 10.1071/rd20264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This review provides a snapshot of the current state-of-the-art of drying cells and spermatozoa. The major successes and pitfalls of the most relevant literature are described separately for spermatozoa and cells. Overall, the data published so far indicate that we are closer to success in spermatozoa, whereas the situation is far more complex with cells. Critical for success is the presence of xeroprotectants inside the spermatozoa and, even more so, inside cells to protect subcellular compartments, primarily DNA. We highlight workable strategies to endow gametes and cells with the right combination of xeroprotectants, mostly sugars, and late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) or similar 'intrinsically disordered' proteins to help them withstand reversible desiccation. We focus on the biological aspects of water stress, and in particular cellular and DNA damage, but also touch on other still unexplored issues, such as the choice of both dehydration and rehydration methods or approaches, because, in our view, they play a primary role in reducing desiccation damage. We conclude by highlighting the need to exhaustively explore desiccation strategies other than lyophilisation, such as air drying, spin drying or spray drying, ideally with new prototypes, other than the food and pharmaceutical drying strategies currently used, tailored for the unique needs of cells and spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Loi
- Laboratory of Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, TE 64100, Italy; and Corresponding author
| | - D A Anzalone
- Laboratory of Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, TE 64100, Italy
| | - L Palazzese
- Laboratory of Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, TE 64100, Italy
| | - A Dinnyés
- BioTalentum Ltd, Gödöllo, 2100 Gödöllo, Hungary; and HCEMM-USZ, StemCell Research Group, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; and Sichuan University, College of Life Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - J Saragusty
- Laboratory of Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, TE 64100, Italy
| | - M Czernik
- Laboratory of Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, Teramo, TE 64100, Italy; and Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
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48
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Nie J, Zhang S, Wu P, Liu Y, Su Y. Electrospinning With Lyophilized Platelet-Rich Fibrin Has the Potential to Enhance the Proliferation and Osteogenesis of MC3T3-E1 Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:595579. [PMID: 33335895 PMCID: PMC7736634 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.595579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a reservoir of various growth factors plays an essential role in wound healing and tissue engineering at present. Electrospinning technology is an efficient approach to acquire artificial scaffold which has large specific surface area and high porosity. The goal of this study was to investigate the potential of electrospinning on the proliferation and osteogenesis of osteogenic precursor cells in vitro, with lyophilized PRF added as a component for electrospinning preparation. The surface structure of lyophilized PRF and nanofibers were investigated, and the proliferation, osteogenesis of MEC3T3-E1 cells with lyophilized PRF or nanofibers extract were studied. The results showed that the diameters of the lyophilized PRF pores were 1.51 ± 0.75 μm, and lyophilized PRF medium promoted the proliferation and osteocalcin (OCN) and osteopontin (OPN) genes expression of MEC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, the diameters of the polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate/lyophilized PRF (PVA/SA/PRF) fibers were 201.14 ± 40.14 nm. Compared to PVA/SA nanofibers extract and control medium, PVA/SA/PRF nanofibers extract also enhanced the proliferation and mineralization activity of MEC3T3-E1 cells. These results might be instructive to future therapeutics with PVA/SA/PRF electrospinning for bone tissue engineering or other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Nie
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen, China.,Engineering Research Center for Stomatological Biomaterials, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Shumei Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China.,Engineering Research Center for Stomatological Biomaterials, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Technology Innovation Center for Exploitation of Marine Biological Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuangang Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanjun Su
- Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China.,Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen, China.,Engineering Research Center for Stomatological Biomaterials, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
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Water Vapor Pathways during Freeze-Drying of Foamed Product Matrices Stabilized by Maltodextrin at Different Concentrations. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8111463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the water-vapor transport mechanisms through an aerated matrix during microwave freeze-drying. Due to the larger surface area and lower water vapor transport resistance of an aerated product compared to the solution, foam structures dry faster. Different foam structures were produced with different maltodextrin (MD) concentrations (10–40%) as a foam-stabilizing agent. Depending on the initial viscosity of the solution prior to foaming, the samples differed in overrun (41–1671%) and pore size (d50 = 58–553 µm). Experiments were partially performed in a freeze-drying chamber of a light microscope to visualize structural changes in-situ. Different mechanisms were identified explaining the accelerated drying of foams, depending on the MD concentration, above or below 30%. At lower MD concentration, high overruns could be produced prior to freezing with big bubbles and thin lamellae with short diffusion pathway length. At 40% MD concentration, the viscosity was too high to integrate much air into the product. Therefore, the foam overrun was low and the bubble size small. Under these conditions, the water vapor generates high pressure, resulting in the formation of channels between bubbles, thus creating the pathways with low resistance for a very fast water vapor mass transfer. In addition, microwave freeze-drying experiments using a pilot plant unit were conducted to validate the findings of the freeze-drying microscope. A reduction of the drying time from 150 min (10% MD) to 78 min (40% MD) was achieved.
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50
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Immobilization of vaginal Lactobacillus in polymeric nanofibers for its incorporation in vaginal probiotic products. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 156:105563. [PMID: 32976956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Probiotic products require high number of viable and active microorganisms during storage. In this work, the survival of human vaginal Lactobacillus gasseri CRL1320 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1332 after nanofiber-immobilization by electrospinning with polyvinyl-alcohol, and during storage was evaluated. The optimization of bacterial immobilization and storage conditions using bioprotectors (skim milk-lactose and glycerol) and oxygen-excluding packaging was carried out, compared with lyophilization. After electrospinning, a higher survival rate of L. rhamnosus (93%) compared to L. gasseri (84%) was obtained in nanofibers, with high viable cells (>107 colony-forming unit/g) of the two probiotics in nanofibers stored at -20°C up to 14 days. The storage in oxygen-excluding packaging was an excellent strategy to extend the shelf-life of L. rhamnosus (up to 1.7 × 108 CFU/g) in nanofibers stored at 4°C during 360 days, with no addition of bioprotectives, resulting similar to freeze-dried-cells. L. rhamnosus was successfully incorporated into polymeric hydrophilic nanofibers with a mean diameter of 95 nm. The composite materials were characterized in terms of morphology, and their physicochemical and thermal properties assessed. Nanofiber-immobilized L. rhamnosus cells maintained the inhibition to urogenital pathogens. Thus, polymeric nanofiber-immobilized L. rhamnosus CRL1332 can be included in vaginal probiotic products to prevent or treat urogenital infections.
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