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Bianchi E, Ruggeri M, Del Favero E, Pisano R, Artusio F, Ricci C, Vigani B, Ferraretto A, Boselli C, Icaro Cornaglia A, Rossi S, Sandri G. Chondroitin sulfate and caseinophosphopeptides doped polyurethane-based highly porous 3D scaffolds for tendon-to-bone regeneration. Int J Pharm 2024; 652:123822. [PMID: 38242257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Tendon disorders are common injuries, which can be greatly debilitating as they are often accompanied by great pain and inflammation. Moreover, several problems are also related to the laceration of the tendon-to-bone interface (TBI), a specific region subjected to great mechanical stresses. The techniques used nowadays for the treatment of tendon and TBI injuries often involve surgery. However, one critical aspect of this procedure involves the elevated risk of fail due to the tissues weakening and the postoperative alterations of the normal joint mechanics. Synthetic polymers, such as thermoplastic polyurethane, are of special interest in the tissue engineering field as they allow the production of scaffolds with tunable elastic and mechanical properties, that could guarantee an effective support during the new tissue formation. Based on these premises, the aim of this work was the design and the development of highly porous 3D scaffolds based on thermoplastic polyurethane, and doped with chondroitin sulfate and caseinophosphopeptides, able to mimic the structural, biomechanical, and biochemical functions of the TBI. The obtained scaffolds were characterized by a homogeneous microporous structure, and by a porosity optimal for cell nutrition and migration. They were also characterized by remarkable mechanical properties, reaching values comparable to the ones of the native tendons. The scaffolds promoted the tenocyte adhesion and proliferation when caseinophosphopetides and chondroitin sulfate are present in the 3D structure. In particular, caseinophosphopeptides' optimal concentration for cell proliferation resulted 2.4 mg/mL. Finally, the systems evaluation in vivo demonstrated the scaffolds' safety, since they did not cause any inflammatory effect nor foreign body response, representing interesting platforms for the regeneration of injured TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Bianchi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Ruggeri
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Elena Del Favero
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Pisano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polytechnic of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Fiora Artusio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology (DISAT), Polytechnic of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Caterina Ricci
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Barbara Vigani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Anita Ferraretto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 31, Milan, Italy; Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, IRCCS Istituto Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Cinzia Boselli
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonia Icaro Cornaglia
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, via Forlanini 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Sandri
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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2
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Moino C, Artusio F, Pisano R. Shear stress as a driver of degradation for protein-based therapeutics: More accomplice than culprit. Int J Pharm 2024; 650:123679. [PMID: 38065348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Protein degradation is a major concern for protein-based therapeutics. It may alter the biological activity of the product and raise the potential for undesirable effects on the patients. Among the numerous drivers of protein degradation, shear stress has been the focus around which much work has revolved since the 1970s. In the pharmaceutical realm, the product is often processed through several unit operations, which include mixing, pumping, filtration, filling, and atomization. Nonetheless, the drug might be exposed to significant shear stresses, which might cooperatively contribute to product degradation, together with interfacial stress. This review presents fundamentals of shear stress about protein structure, followed by an overview of the drivers of product degradation. The impact of shear stress on protein stability in different unit operations is then presented, and recommendations for limiting the adverse effects on the biopharmaceutical formulations are outlined. Finally, several devices used to explore the effects of shear stress are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Moino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Fiora Artusio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Roberto Pisano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, Torino 10129, Italy.
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3
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Artusio F, Adami M, Barresi AA, Fissore D, Frare MC, Udrescu CI, Pisano R. The Freeze-Drying of Pharmaceuticals in Vials Nested in a Rack System-Part II: Primary Drying Behaviour. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2570. [PMID: 38004549 PMCID: PMC10674193 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The freeze-drying of biopharmaceuticals is a common strategy to extend their shelf-life and facilitate the distribution of therapeutics. The drying phase is the most demanding one in terms of energy consumption and determines the overall process time. Our previous work showed how the loading configuration can impact freezing. This paper focuses on primary drying by comparing the thermal behaviour of vials loaded in direct contact with the shelf or nested in a rack system. The overall heat transfer coefficient from the apparatus to the product was evaluated at different chamber pressures (5-30 Pa) and shelf temperatures (from -10 °C to +30 °C), and in the case of various vial positions (central, semi-border, and border vials). Because of the suspended configuration, the heat transfer coefficient was less affected by chamber pressure in vials nested in a rack system. The two loading configurations displayed comparable heat transfer efficiency below 10 Pa. For higher chamber pressure, the heat transfer coefficients of nested vials were lower than those of vials in direct contact with the shelf. Nevertheless, the rack system was beneficial for reducing the inter-vial variability as it promoted higher uniformity in the heat transfer coefficients of central vials. Eventually, thermal image analyses highlighted limited temperature differences between the vials and the rack system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiora Artusio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.A.); (D.F.)
| | | | - Antonello A. Barresi
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Davide Fissore
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.A.); (D.F.)
| | | | - Claudia I. Udrescu
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Roberto Pisano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy; (F.A.); (D.F.)
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4
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Artusio F, Gavira JA, Pisano R. Self-Assembled Monolayers As a Tool to Investigate the Effect of Surface Chemistry on Protein Nucleation. Cryst Growth Des 2023; 23:3195-3201. [PMID: 37159657 PMCID: PMC10162442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c01377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Modified surfaces like siliconized glass are commonly used to support protein crystallization and facilitate obtaining crystals. Over the years, various surfaces have been proposed to decrease the energetic penalty required for consistent protein clustering, but scarce attention has been paid to the underlying mechanisms of interactions. Here, we propose self-assembled monolayers that are surfaces exposing fine-tuned moieties with a very regular topography and subnanometer roughness, as a tool to unveil the interaction between proteins and functionalized surfaces. We studied the crystallization of three model proteins having progressively narrower metastable zones, i.e., lysozyme, catalase, and proteinase K, on monolayers exposing thiol, methacrylate, and glycidyloxy groups. Thanks to comparable surface wettability, the induction or the inhibition of nucleation was readily attributed to the surface chemistry. For example, thiol groups strongly induced the nucleation of lysozyme thanks to electrostatic pairing, whereas methacrylate and glycidyloxy groups had an effect comparable to unfunctionalized glass. Overall, the action of surfaces led to differences in nucleation kinetics, crystal habit, and even crystal form. This approach can support the fundamental understanding of the interaction between protein macromolecules and specific chemical groups, which is crucial for many technological applications in the pharmaceutical and food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiora Artusio
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy
- E-mail:
| | - José A. Gavira
- Laboratorio
de Estudios Cristalográficos, Instituto
Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas-Universidad de Granada), Avenida de las Palmeras 4, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Roberto Pisano
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy
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5
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Pisano R, Artusio F, Adami M, Barresi AA, Fissore D, Frare MC, Zanetti F, Zunino G. Freeze-Drying of Pharmaceuticals in Vials Nested in a Rack System-Part I: Freezing Behaviour. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020635. [PMID: 36839958 PMCID: PMC9960346 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The distribution of biopharmaceuticals often requires either ultra-cold conditions or lyophilisation. In both cases, the drug product is frozen and, thus, exposed to similar stress conditions, which can be detrimental to its quality. However, these stresses can be inhibited or mitigated by a suitable formulation and/or an appropriate freezing design. This paper addresses how the key freezing parameters, i.e., ice nucleation temperature and cooling rate, impact the freezing behaviour of a sucrose-based formulation. The analysis included two loading configurations, vials directly resting on the shelf and nested in a rack system. The loading configuration affected the product freezing rate and the ice nucleation temperature distribution, resulting in larger ice crystals in the case of vials nested in a rack system. SEM micrographs and specific surface area measurements confirmed the different product morphology. Eventually, the different product morphology impacted the bioactivity recovery of lactate dehydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Pisano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Fiora Artusio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | | | - Antonello A. Barresi
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Davide Fissore
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | | | | | - Gabriele Zunino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 10129 Torino, Italy
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6
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Boarino A, Wang H, Olgiati F, Artusio F, Özkan M, Bertella S, Razza N, Cagno V, Luterbacher JS, Klok HA, Stellacci F. Lignin: A Sustainable Antiviral Coating Material. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 2022; 10:14001-14010. [PMID: 36312454 PMCID: PMC9597781 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c04284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Transmission of viruses through contact with contaminated surfaces is an important pathway for the spread of infections. Antiviral surface coatings are useful to minimize such risks. Current state-of-the-art approaches toward antiviral surface coatings either involve metal-based materials or complex synthetic polymers. These approaches, however, even if successful, will have to face great challenges when it comes to large-scale applications and their environmental sustainability. Here, an antiviral surface coating was prepared by spin-coating lignin, a natural biomass residue of the paper production industry. We show effective inactivation of herpes simplex virus type 2 (>99% after 30 min) on a surface coating that is low-cost and environmentally sustainable. The antiviral mechanism of the lignin surface was investigated and is attributed to reactive oxygen species generated upon oxidation of lignin phenols. This mechanism does not consume the surface coating (as opposed to the release of a specific antiviral agent) and does not require regeneration. The coating is stable in ambient conditions, as demonstrated in a 6 month aging study that did not reveal any decrease in antiviral activity. This research suggests that natural compounds may be used for the development of affordable and sustainable antiviral coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Boarino
- Institut
des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Heyun Wang
- Institute
of Materials, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Olgiati
- Institute
of Materials, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fiora Artusio
- Institute
of Materials, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melis Özkan
- Institute
of Materials, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stefania Bertella
- Laboratory
of Sustainable and Catalytic Processing, Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolò Razza
- Institute
of Materials, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Valeria Cagno
- Institute
of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital,
University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jeremy S. Luterbacher
- Laboratory
of Sustainable and Catalytic Processing, Institute of Chemical Sciences
and Engineering, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut
des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Stellacci
- Institute
of Materials, École Polytechnique
Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering and Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale
de Lausanne (EPFL), Station
12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Gavira JA, Artusio F, Castellví A, Pisano R. Protein crystallisation in agarose gel, a cheap and versatile technique. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2021. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767321093843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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8
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Chiarello M, Anfossi L, Cavalera S, Di Nardo F, Artusio F, Pisano R, Baggiani C. Effect of Polymerization Time on the Binding Properties of Ciprofloxacin-Imprinted nanoMIPs Prepared by Solid-Phase Synthesis. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2656. [PMID: 34451197 PMCID: PMC8398629 DOI: 10.3390/polym13162656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An innovative approach to imprinted nanoparticles (nanoMIPs) is represented by solid-phase synthesis. Since the polymeric chains grow over time and rearrange themselves around the template, the binding properties of nanoMIPs could depend on the polymerization time. Here we present an explorative study about the effect of different polymerization times on the binding properties of ciprofloxacin-imprinted nanoMIPs. The binding properties towards ciprofloxacin were studied by measuring the binding affinity constants (Keq) and the kinetic rate constants (kd, ka). Furthermore, selectivity and nonspecific binding were valued by measuring the rebinding of levofloxacin onto ciprofloxacin-imprinted nanoMIPs and ciprofloxacin onto diclofenac-imprinted nanoMIPs, respectively. The results show that different polymerization times produce nanoMIPs with different binding properties: short polymerization times (15 min) produced nanoMIPs with high binding affinity but low selectivity (Keq > 107 mol L-1, α ≈ 1); medium polymerization times (30 min-2 h) produced nanoMIPs with high binding affinity and selectivity (Keq ≥ 106 mol L-1, α < 1); and long polymerization times (>2 h) produced nanoMIPs with low binding affinity, fast dissociation kinetics and low selectivity (Keq ≤ 106 mol L-1, kdis > 0.2 min-1, α ≈ 1). The results can be explained as the combined effect of rearrangement and progressive stiffening of the polymer chains around the template molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Chiarello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (L.A.); (S.C.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Laura Anfossi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (L.A.); (S.C.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Simone Cavalera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (L.A.); (S.C.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Fabio Di Nardo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (L.A.); (S.C.); (F.D.N.)
| | - Fiora Artusio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Polytechnic University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.A.); (R.P.)
| | - Roberto Pisano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Polytechnic University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (F.A.); (R.P.)
| | - Claudio Baggiani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (L.A.); (S.C.); (F.D.N.)
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9
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Artusio F, Fumagalli F, Valsesia A, Ceccone G, Pisano R. Role of Self-Assembled Surface Functionalization on Nucleation Kinetics and Oriented Crystallization of a Small-Molecule Drug: Batch and Thin-Film Growth of Aspirin as a Case Study. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:15847-15856. [PMID: 33759495 PMCID: PMC8041258 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The present paper assesses the heterogeneous nucleation of a small-molecule drug and its relationship with the surface chemistry of engineered heteronucleants. The nucleation of aspirin (ASA) was tuned by different functional groups exposed by self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) immobilized on glass surfaces. Smooth topographies and defect-free surface modification allowed the deconvolution of chemical and topographical effects on nucleation. The nucleation induction time of ASA in batch crystallization was mostly enhanced by methacrylate and amino groups, whereas it was repressed by thiol groups. In this perspective, we also present a novel strategy for the evaluation of surface-drug interactions by confining drug crystallization to thin films and studying the preferential growth of crystal planes on different surfaces. Crystallization by spin coating improved the study of oriented crystallization, enabling reproducible sample preparation, minimal amounts of drug required, and short processing time. Overall, the acid surface tension of SAMs dictated the nucleation kinetics and the extent of relative growth of the ASA crystal planes. Moreover, the face-selective action of monolayers was investigated by force spectroscopy and attributed to the preferential interaction of exposed groups with the (100) crystal plane of ASA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiora Artusio
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Fumagalli
- European
Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Andrea Valsesia
- European
Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Giacomo Ceccone
- European
Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), via E. Fermi 2749, 21027 Ispra, Italy
| | - Roberto Pisano
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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10
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Artusio F, Ferri A, Gigante V, Massella D, Mazzarino I, Sangermano M, Barresi A, Pisano R. Synthesis of high payload nanohydrogels for the ecapsulation of hydrophilic molecules via inverse miniemulsion polymerization: caffeine as a case study. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:1862-1870. [PMID: 31549528 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1672714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The association of an active principle with a nanocarrier is known to improve its stability and protect it from external factors. Nevertheless, loading of nanoparticles with highly hydrophilic substances like caffeine remains a tricky issue. In the present study, inverse miniemulsion systems were successfully coupled to UV radiation to synthesize polymeric nanohydrogels for drug delivery. The proper choice of the continuous and dispersed phase chemical composition led to the entrapment of active principle into the miniemulsion droplets. Our confinement-based strategy enabled unprecedented caffeine encapsulation efficiency inside 100-nm particles. Dimensional, thermal, and spectroscopic characterizations were carried out to investigate both unloaded and loaded nanohydrogels. Furthermore, in vitro release studies evaluated caffeine release kinetics from nanohydrogels by means of dialysis tests. It was demonstrated that controlled and sustained release occurred within the first 50 hours. Experimental data were found to fit the Higuchi model suggesting that the active principle release is diffusion controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiora Artusio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Ada Ferri
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Valeria Gigante
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniele Massella
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Italo Mazzarino
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Sangermano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Antonello Barresi
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Roberto Pisano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy
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11
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Artusio F, Pisano R. Surface-induced crystallization of pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals: A review. Int J Pharm 2018; 547:190-208. [PMID: 29859921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite the wide occurrence of crystallization in the pharmaceutical industry, deep understanding and fine control of the process remain a tricky issue. Nevertheless, the successful manufacturing of finished pharmaceutical products, as well as the structural determination of biopharmaceuticals, depend on the size, form, shape and purity of the crystals. The ability of substrates with precise chemistry and topological features to induce nucleation has been thoroughly assessed during the recent years. This paper reviews the major advances and discoveries in controlling small molecule drug and protein crystallization by means of engineered surfaces. By designing superficial properties and morphology, it has been possible to tune the polymorph outcome, shorten the nucleation induction time, impose specific crystal shapes, control the crystal size and carry out crystallization at very low supersaturation levels. Such achievements underline the potential of surface-induced crystallization to provide an ideal platform for the study of the nucleation process and gain control over its stochastic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiora Artusio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 corso Duca degli Abruzzi, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Roberto Pisano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 24 corso Duca degli Abruzzi, Torino 10129, Italy.
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12
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Artusio F, Bazzano M, Pisano R, Coulon PE, Rizza G, Schiller T, Sangermano M. Polymeric nanocapsules via interfacial cationic photopolymerization in miniemulsion. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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