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Shafiq F, Ahmad A, Anwar S, Nisa MU, Iqbal M, Raza SH, Mahmood A, Ashraf M. Spinel nanocomposite (nMnZnFe 2O 4) synchronously promotes grain yield and Fe-Zn biofortification in non-aromatic rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107830. [PMID: 37352697 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Soils deficient in essential micro-nutrients produce nutritionally starved crops that do not fulfill human nutritional requirements. This is getting serious since progressively increasing nutritional disorders are being diagnosed in residents of third-world countries like Pakistan. During this study, we synthesized a spinel nanocomposite (nMnZnFe2O4) and investigated its effectiveness in improving the micronutrient status and yield traits of rice. The nMnZnFe2O4 exhibited a cubic structure at the most prominent peak (311); a crystallite size of 44 nm, and an average grain size ranging from 7 to 9 μm. Foliar application of this nanocomposite was performed to 45 days old plants at concentrations 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg L-1, and data from rice plant parts (straw, husk, and grain) was recorded at maturity. Agronomic traits like the number of tillers, straw dry weight, root dry biomass, and grain yield per plant were improved by nMnZnFe2O4 application (+34.4% yield). Whereas some biochemical traits like amino acids, soluble sugars, flavonoids, and phenolics varied significantly in rice plant parts compared to the control. Above all, the maximum Zn and Fe concentrations in rice grain were recorded through foliar application of spinel nanocomposite (40 and 50 mg L-1). Therefore, results indicated that micronutrient supply in the form of a nanocomposite could positively regulate nutritional quality and rice grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Shafiq
- Department of Botany, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Aqsa Ahmad
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Anwar
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biosciences, University of Durham, DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Mehr-Un Nisa
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Hammad Raza
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Mahmood
- Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, 54590, Lahore, Pakistan
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Sangeetha VJ, Dutta S, Moses JA, Anandharamakrishnan C. Zinc nutrition and human health: Overview and implications. EFOOD 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/efd2.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V. J. Sangeetha
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management – Thanjavur, Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India Thanjavur India
| | - Sayantani Dutta
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management – Thanjavur, Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India Thanjavur India
| | - J. A. Moses
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management – Thanjavur, Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India Thanjavur India
| | - C. Anandharamakrishnan
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit National Institute of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management – Thanjavur, Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India Thanjavur India
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Singh B, Sharma J, Bhardwaj V, Sood S, siddappa S, Goutam U, Kardile HB, Kumar D, Kumar V. Genotypic variations for tuber nutrient content, dry matter and agronomic traits in tetraploid potato germplasm. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1233-1248. [PMID: 35910435 PMCID: PMC9334495 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01197-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient deficiencies lead to various health issues and are common worldwide. Potato germplasm is a rich source of natural variations and genetic variability present in it can be exploited for developing nutrient-rich high-yielding potato varieties. In this study, variations in the yield, dry matter (DM) and mineral nutrients concentrations were evaluated in both peeled and unpeeled tubers of 243 highly diverse tetraploid potato accessions. These were raised under field conditions for two consecutive years. The germplasm studied has a wider range of variations in peeled tubers DM (13.71-27.80%), Fe (17.08-71.03 mg/kg), Zn (9.55-34.78 mg/kg), Cu (2.13-13.25 mg/kg), Mn (7.04-25.15), Ca (117.4-922.5 mg/kg), Mg (656.6-1510.6 mg/kg), S (1121.3-3765.8 mg/kg), K (1.20-3.09%), P (0.21-0.50%) and Mo (53.6-1164.0 ppb) concentrations compared to popular Indian potato varieties. Higher nutrient concentrations in whole tubers compared to tuber flesh suggest that these are present in high concentration in the tuber peripheral layers and peeling off the tubers results in the loss of nutrients. Highest loss due to peeling off the tubers was observed in Fe (35.63%) followed by Cu (22.80%), Mn (21.69%), Ca (21.27%), Mg (12.89%), K (12.75%), Zn (10.13%), and Mo (9.87%). The GCV and PCV for all the traits in peeled tubers ranged from 9.67 to 29.91%, and 13.84 to 43.32%, respectively. Several significant positive correlations were observed among the parameters and the first two principal components accounted for 39.37% of total variations. The results of this study will pave a way for the development of nutrient-rich high-yielding potato varieties. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01197-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baljeet Singh
- Division of Crop Improvement & Seed Technology, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh India
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab India
| | - Jagdev Sharma
- Division of Crop Production, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Vinay Bhardwaj
- Division of Crop Improvement & Seed Technology, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Salej Sood
- Division of Crop Improvement & Seed Technology, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Sundaresha siddappa
- Division of Crop Improvement & Seed Technology, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Umesh Goutam
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab India
| | - Hemant B. Kardile
- Division of Crop Improvement & Seed Technology, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Dipak Kumar
- Division of Crop Production, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Division of Crop Improvement & Seed Technology, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh India
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Singh B, Goutam U, Kukreja S, Sharma J, Sood S, Bhardwaj V. Potato biofortification: an effective way to fight global hidden hunger. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2297-2313. [PMID: 34744367 PMCID: PMC8526655 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01081-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Hidden hunger is leading to extensive health problems in the developing world. Several strategies could be used to reduce the micronutrient deficiencies by increasing the dietary uptake of essential micronutrients. These include diet diversification, pharmaceutical supplementation, food fortification and crop biofortification. Among all, crop biofortification is the most sustainable and acceptable strategy to overcome the global issue of hidden hunger. Since most of the people suffering from micronutrient deficiencies, have monetary issues and are dependent on staple crops to fulfil their recommended daily requirements of various essential micronutrients. Therefore, increasing the micronutrient concentrations in cost effective staple crops seems to be an effective solution. Potato being the world's most consumed non-grain staple crop with enormous industrial demand appears to be an ideal candidate for biofortification. It can be grown in different climatic conditions, provide high yield, nutrition and dry matter in lesser time. In addition, huge potato germplasm have natural variations related to micronutrient concentrations, which can be utilized for its biofortification. This review discuss the current scenario of micronutrient malnutrition and various strategies that could be used to overcome it. The review also shed a light on the genetic variations present in potato germplasm and suggest effective ways to incorporate them into modern high yielding potato varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baljeet Singh
- Division of Crop Improvement and Seed Technology, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Umesh Goutam
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Sarvjeet Kukreja
- Department of Agronomy, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Jagdev Sharma
- Division of Crop Production, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Salej Sood
- Division of Crop Improvement and Seed Technology, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Vinay Bhardwaj
- Division of Crop Improvement and Seed Technology, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
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Gupta S, Brazier AKM, Lowe NM. Zinc deficiency in low- and middle-income countries: prevalence and approaches for mitigation. J Hum Nutr Diet 2020; 33:624-643. [PMID: 32627912 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review addresses the prevalence of zinc deficiency in Low- and Middle-income Countries (LMICs) and assesses the available strategies for its alleviation. The paucity of national-level data on the zinc deficiency in LMICs is partially a result of the lack of a reliable biomarker. Zinc deficiency appears to be a public health problem in almost all the LMICs, irrespective of the recommended indicators (plasma zinc concentration, dietary zinc adequacy and stunting prevalence) used. Based on plasma/serum zinc concentration (PZC), which is the most appropriate indicator at present, the prevalence of zinc deficiency in LMICs is of concern. Among the 25 countries for which national PZC data were available, 23 had a zinc deficiency prevalence of >20% for at least one physiological group. Zinc supplementation is largely restricted as an adjunct therapy for diarrhoea management in children, and the best platform and the most effective way of preventive zinc supplementation delivery remains to be established. Impact assessment for current zinc fortification programmes in LMICs and the effectiveness of zinc supplementation as part of a multi-micronutrient powder is to be determined. Dietary diversification, though promising for LMICs, is in the nascent stages of development at present. Inclusion of meat and animal products can be an important way of improving zinc status. Programmatic experience with the promotion of home processing techniques to increase absorbable zinc in the diet is lacking. Conventional biofortification techniques are gaining recognition in LMICs; however, transgenic biofortification as a strategy remains controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gupta
- Lancashire Research Centre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - A K M Brazier
- Lancashire Research Centre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - N M Lowe
- Lancashire Research Centre for Global Development, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
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