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Frańska M, Frański R. Application of Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Nucleobases, Nucleosides and Nucleotides in Tea and Selected Herbs: A Critical Review of the Mass Spectrometric Data. Foods 2024; 13:2959. [PMID: 39335888 PMCID: PMC11431637 DOI: 10.3390/foods13182959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The main and most commonly known biological function of nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides is usually associated with the fact that they are the building blocks of nucleic acids. However, these compounds also belong to plant secondary metabolites, although in that role they have attracted less attention than the others, e.g., terpenes, phenolics, or alkaloids. The former compounds are also important constituents of the human diet, e.g., as ingredients of tea and herbs, endowing them with specific taste qualities and pharmacological activities. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry seems to be the most important analytical method that permits the identification and determination of nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides, along with the other metabolites. The main goal of this review is to discuss in detail the aspects of mass spectrometric detection of nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides in tea and selected herbs. An important conclusion is that the identification of the compounds of interest should be performed not only on the basis of [M + H]+/[M - H]- ions but should also be confirmed by the respective product ions; however, as discussed in detail in this review, it may sometimes be problematic. It also clear that all difficulties that may be encountered when analyzing plant material are caused by the complexity of the analyzed samples and the need to analyze different classes of compounds, and this review absolutely does not debase any of the mentioned papers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Frańska
- Institute of Chemistry and Technical Electrochemistry, Poznań University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Rafał Frański
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland;
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2
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Wang B, Wang Q, Yang Y, Zhang X, Wang J, Jia J, Wu Q. Bidirectional fermentation of Monascus and Mulberry leaves enhances GABA and pigment contents: establishment of strategy, studies of bioactivity and mechanistic. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 54:73-85. [PMID: 37139803 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2023.2207111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Bidirectional fermentation is a technology that utilizes fungi to ferment medicinal edible substrates, with synergistic and complementary advantages. In this work, a fermentation strategy was established to produce a high yield of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and Monascus pigments (MPs) using Monascus and mulberry leaves (MLs). Firstly, the basic fermentation parameters were determined using single-factor experiments, followed by Plackett-Burman (PB) experimental design to identify MLs, glucose, peptone, and temperature as significant influencing factors. The fermentation parameters were optimized using an artificial neural network (ANN). Finally, the effects of bidirectional fermentation of MLs and Monascus were investigated by bioactivity analysis, microstructure observation, and RT-qPCR. The outcomes showed that the bidirectional fermentation significantly increased the bioactive content and promoted the secondary metabolism of Monascus. The established fermentation conditions were 44.2 g/L of MLs, 57 g/L of glucose, 15 g/L of peptone, 1 g/L of MgSO4, 2 g/L of KH2PO4, 8% (v/v) of inoculum, 180 rpm, initial pH 6, 32 °C and 8 days. The content of GABA reached 13.95 g/L and the color value of MPs reached 408.07 U/mL. This study demonstrated the feasibility of bidirectional fermentation of MLs and Monascus, providing a new idea for the application of MLs and Monascus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qihang Wang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yi Yang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Junqiang Jia
- School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qiongying Wu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, China
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3
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Li W, Hao S, Li H, An Q, Yang L, Guo B, Xue Z, Liu Y, Guo L, Zheng Y, Zhang D. Exploring Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities in Mulberry Leaves ( Morus alba L.) across Growth Stages: A Comprehensive Metabolomic Analysis with Chemometrics. Molecules 2023; 29:171. [PMID: 38202754 PMCID: PMC10780005 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic product accumulation exhibited variations among mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves (MLs) at distinct growth stages, and this assessment was conducted using a combination of analytical techniques including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Multivariate analysis was applied to the data, and the findings were correlated with antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory effects in vitro. Statistical analyses divided the 27 batches of MLs at different growth stages into three distinct groups. In vitro assays for antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibition revealed that IC50 values were highest at the Y23 stage, which corresponds to the 'Frost Descends' solar term. In summary, the results of this study indicate that MLs at different growth stages throughout the year can be categorized into three primary growth stages using traditional Chinese solar terms as reference points, based on the observed variations in metabolite content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (W.L.); (S.H.); (H.L.); (L.Y.); (B.G.); (Z.X.); (L.G.)
| | - Shenghui Hao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (W.L.); (S.H.); (H.L.); (L.Y.); (B.G.); (Z.X.); (L.G.)
| | - Hengyang Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (W.L.); (S.H.); (H.L.); (L.Y.); (B.G.); (Z.X.); (L.G.)
| | - Qi An
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Hebei Institute for Drug and Medical Device Control, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (Q.A.); (Y.L.)
| | - Lina Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (W.L.); (S.H.); (H.L.); (L.Y.); (B.G.); (Z.X.); (L.G.)
| | - Bing Guo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (W.L.); (S.H.); (H.L.); (L.Y.); (B.G.); (Z.X.); (L.G.)
| | - Zijing Xue
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (W.L.); (S.H.); (H.L.); (L.Y.); (B.G.); (Z.X.); (L.G.)
| | - Yongli Liu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica, Hebei Institute for Drug and Medical Device Control, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (Q.A.); (Y.L.)
| | - Long Guo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (W.L.); (S.H.); (H.L.); (L.Y.); (B.G.); (Z.X.); (L.G.)
| | - Yuguang Zheng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (W.L.); (S.H.); (H.L.); (L.Y.); (B.G.); (Z.X.); (L.G.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei Chemical and Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang 050026, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Processing Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China; (W.L.); (S.H.); (H.L.); (L.Y.); (B.G.); (Z.X.); (L.G.)
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Wu G, Jiang L, Guo J, Li W, Ma L, Tang B, Liu CC. The Study of Alanine Transaminase Activity in Tissues of Silkworm ( Bombyx mori) via Direct Analysis in Real-Time (DART) Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104131. [PMID: 37241871 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Alanine transaminase (ALT) is an important amino acid-metabolizing enzyme in silkworm Bombyx mori L., and is mainly involved in transferring glutamate to alanine (serving as an essential precursor in silk protein synthesis) through transamination. Therefore, it is generally believed that silk protein synthesis in the silk gland and the cocoon quantity increase with the increase in ALT activity to a certain extent. Here, a novel analytical method was developed to determine the ALT activity in several key tissues of Bombyx mori L. including the posterior silk gland, midgut, fat body, middle silk gland, trachea and hemolymph, by combining the direct-analysis-in-real-time (DART) ion source with a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer. In addition, a traditional ALT activity assay, the Reitman-Frankel method, was also used to measure ALT activity for comparison. The ALT activity results obtained via the DART-MS method are in good agreement with those obtained via the Reitman-Frankel method. However, the present DART-MS method provides a more convenient, rapid and environmentally friendly quantitative method for ALT measurement. Especially, this method can also monitor ALT activity in different tissues of Bombyx mori L. in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Wu
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Jianjun Guo
- College of Agriculture, Anshun University, Anshun 561000, China
| | - Wushuang Li
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Lin Ma
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| | - Bozhi Tang
- College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
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Wani MY, Ganie NA, Wani DM, Wani AW, Dar SQ, Khan AH, A Khan N, Manzar MS, Dehghani MH. The phenolic components extracted from mulberry fruits as bioactive compounds against cancer: A review. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1136-1152. [PMID: 36592613 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In Asia, mulberry has long been used to treat various infectious and internal ailments as a traditional medication. The compounds found in it have the potential to improve human health. Because there is no approved and defined evaluation procedure, it has not been formally or scientifically recognized. As a result of these investigations, a new frontier in traditional Chinese medicine has opened up, with the possibility of modernization, for the interaction between active components of mulberry and their biological activities. These studies have used current biotechnological technologies. For ages, mulberry has been used as an herbal remedy in Asia to cure various diseases and internal disorders. It has a high concentration of bioactive chemicals that benefit human health. The most abundant phenolic components extracted from white mulberry leaves are flavonoids (Kuwanons, Moracinflavans, Moragrols, and Morkotins), phenolic acids, alkaloids, and so forth. Flavonoids, benzofurans, chalcones, and alkaloids have been discovered to have cytotoxic effects on human cancer cell lines. There is growing evidence that mulberry fruits can potentially prevent cancer and other aging-related disorders due to their high concentration of bioactive polyphenolic-rich compounds and macro and micronutrients. Anthocyanins are rapidly absorbed after eating, arriving in the plasmalemma within 15-50 min and entirely removed after 6-8 hr. Due to a lack of an approved and consistent technique for its examination, it has yet to be formally or scientifically recognized. The mulberry plant is commercially grown for silkworm rearing, and less attention is paid to its bioactive molecules, which have a lot of applications in human health. This review paper discusses the phenolic compounds of white mulberry and black mulberry in detail concerning their role in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Younus Wani
- College of Temperate Sericulture, Mirgund, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - N A Ganie
- College of Temperate Sericulture, Mirgund, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - D M Wani
- Division of Entomology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - Ab Waheed Wani
- Division of Fruit Science, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - S Q Dar
- Division of Fruit Science, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - Afzal Husain Khan
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem A Khan
- Civil Engineering Department, Mewat Engineering College, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Saood Manzar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Hadi Dehghani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Institute for Environmental Research, Center for Solid Waste Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Tu J, Jin Y, Zhuo J, Cao X, Liu G, Du H, Liu L, Wang J, Xiao H. Exogenous GABA improves the antioxidant and anti-aging ability of silkworm (Bombyx mori). Food Chem 2022; 383:132400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ji T, Wang J, Xu Z, Cai HD, Su SL, Peng X, Ruan HS. Combination of mulberry leaf active components possessed synergetic effect on SD rats with diabetic nephropathy by mediating metabolism, Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 292:115026. [PMID: 35074452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mulberry leaf has attracted much attention due to its excellent curative effect on diabetes and its complications, whether the combination of its effective components have protective and synergistic effect on diabetic nephropathy (DN) in vivo remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to investigate the protective and synergistic effect of the combination (MAF1:1 and MAF1:5) of mulberry leaf alkaloids (MA) and flavonoids extract (MF) on DN. MATERIALS AND METHODS A step by step method consisted of network pharmacological prediction, animal in vivo validation and metabolic mechanism research was used to construct the multi-component-target-pathway network of mulberry leaf against DN. Firstly, the potential components and mechanism of mulberry leaf against DN was explored by network pharmacology analysis. Secondly, DN animal model was established to validate the anti-DN activity of these potential compounds. Thirdly, the metabolomics of serum and urine samples from animal experiments was analyzed to explore the anti-DN mechanism of these potential compounds. RESULTS The results of network pharmacology demonstrated that a total of 7 compounds detected in MA and MF exhibited anti-DN activity, their mechanism were strongly in connection with metabolic pathways, arachidonic acid metabolism, sphingolipid signaling pathway, etc. The results of animal experiment indicated that MAF1:1 and MAF1:5 significantly relieved metabolic disorders through regulating Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway, just like MF or MA alone. Metabolomics suggested they could regulate 16 serum and 7 urine endogenous metabolites through arachidonic acid metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism, thus alleviated DN. Significantly, MAF1:1 and MAF1:5 might possess synergistic effect considering their therapeutic effects on DN rats were superior to the single use of MA or MF. CONCLUSIONS MAF1:1 and MAF1:5 possessed protective and synergistic effect on DN rats through multi-target and multi-pathways. These findings were of great scientific significance and application value to reveal the advantage of mulberry leaf in preventing and treating DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ji
- Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315100, PR China
| | - Juan Wang
- Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315100, PR China
| | - Zhuo Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong-Die Cai
- Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315100, PR China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shu-Lan Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xin Peng
- Ningbo Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315100, PR China.
| | - Hong-Sheng Ruan
- Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, 315100, PR China
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Fan Y, Sun G, Kaw HY, Zhu L, Wang W. Analytical characterization of nucleotides and their concentration variation in drinking water treatment process. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 817:152510. [PMID: 34968603 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotides, as the basic building blocks of nucleic acids, widely exist in aqueous environment. In this study, we developed a solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-UPLC-MS/MS) method for the analysis of 5'-adenosine monophosphate (AMP), 5'-uridine monophosphate (UMP), 5'-cytidine monophosphate (CMP) and 5'-guanosine monophosphate (GMP). The method achieved limits of detection (LODs) of 0.1-1.0 ng/L, and recoveries of 85-95% for the four tested nucleotides. The occurrence and concentrations of the four nucleotides in water from eight representative drinking water treatment and distribution systems in China were determined using this method. All four nucleotides were detectable in water treatment plant (WTP) influent and effluent, at concentrations of up to 30 ng/L and with occurrence frequency of around 90%. The concentrations of identified nucleotides increased 3-10 times after 10 km of water age in the water distribution system. Biological filters and coagulation increased the concentrations of nucleotides, conversely, active carbon, ozonation, and ultrafiltration membrane removed nucleotides in water. The effects of active carbon and coagulation were further confirmed using laboratory-controlled experiment. In addition, monochlorinated nucleotides were identified as the chlorination products of nucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fan
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Guangrong Sun
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Han Yeong Kaw
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lizhong Zhu
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Ma G, Chai X, Hou G, Zhao F, Meng Q. Phytochemistry, bioactivities and future prospects of mulberry leaves: A review. Food Chem 2022; 372:131335. [PMID: 34818743 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mulberry leaves (MLs) have been used traditionally to raise silkworms and as herbs and herbal drinks. In vitro and in vivo studies as well as some clinical trials provide some evidence of health benefits, mostly for ML extracts. ML extracts showed antioxidant, hypoglycemic, anticholesterol (affecting lipid metabolism), antiobesity, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activities, and so on. These might be linked to strong antioxidant activities, inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase, reduction of foam cell formation, inhibition of fat formation, decrease of NF-κB activity, and the promotion or induction of apoptosis. Phenolic constituents, especially flavonoids, phenolic acids and alkaloids, are likely to contribute to the reported effects. The phytochemistry and pharmacology of MLs confer the traditional and current uses as medicine, food, fodder, and cosmetics. This paper reviews the economic value, chemical composition and pharmacology of MLs to provide a reference for the development and utilization of MLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangqun Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xiaoyun Chai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Guige Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Fenglan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Qingguo Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
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Lyu K, Yue W, Ran J, Liu Y, Zhu X. In vivo therapeutic exploring for Mori folium extract against type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20210977. [PMID: 34724560 PMCID: PMC8661501 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study was aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of Mori folium aqueous extracts (MFAE) on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS A rat model of T2DM was established with the combination of high sugar and high-fat diet (HSFD) and streptozotocin (STZ). The T2DM rats were administrated with low (2 g.kg-1) and high (5 g.kg-1) doses of MFAE for 60 consecutive days. The biochemical indices of glucose metabolism disorders, insulin resistance and oxidative stress were observed. The results indicated that MFAE significantly promoted the synthesis of hepatic glycogen, reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose and fasting blood insulin, and improved the insulin sensitivity index (ISI). MFAE administration also remarkably increased the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). CONCLUSION MFAE showed a therapeutic effect on T2DM with the bioative effect of improve glucose metabolism disorders, decrease insulin resistance, and ameliorate the antioxidative ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaibo Lyu
- College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Technology and Business University, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yue
- College of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Technology and Business University, Wuhan 430065, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Junhua Ran
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yunjuan Liu
- I Faithfood Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd, Beijing 100007, P.R. China
| | - Xueliang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
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11
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Sun C, Shan Y, Tang X, Han D, Wu X, Wu H, Hosseininezhad M. Effects of enzymatic hydrolysis on physicochemical property and antioxidant activity of mulberry ( Morus atropurpurea Roxb.) leaf protein. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5379-5390. [PMID: 34646509 PMCID: PMC8498073 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the antioxidant efficiency of mulberry leaf protein (MLP), alcalase, protamex, papain, flavourzyme, neutrase, and trypsin were used to hydrolyze MLP. The yield of soluble peptides, secondary structures, molecular weight distributions, and antioxidant activities of MLP hydrolysates (MLPHs) were investigated. Results showed that the native MLP was rich in the fraction above 6.5 kDa and was mainly composed of β-sheets, while MLPHs were abundant in the fractions of 0.3-0.6 kDa and 0.6-6.5 kDa and were mainly composed of disordered coils and β-folds. Limited hydrolysis of MLP could lead to better antioxidant activity than extensive hydrolysis. After enzymatic hydrolysis, the content of total sugar and total phenol in MLP increased significantly. MLP hydrolysates prepared with neutrase, alcalase, and protamex were preferable to other enzymes. Meanwhile, an enzyme to substrate level of 1% and a hydrolysis time of 2 hr were the optimum conditions to obtain higher antioxidant hydrolysates using neutrase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongzhen Sun
- Department of Food Science and EngineeringJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
- College of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Yangwei Shan
- Department of Food Science and EngineeringJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Food Science and EngineeringJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Duo Han
- Department of Food Science and EngineeringJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiyang Wu
- Department of Food Science and EngineeringJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Marzieh Hosseininezhad
- Department of Food BiotechnologyResearch Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST)MashhadIran
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12
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Chang X, Wei D, Su S, Guo S, Qian S, Yan H, Zhao M, Shang E, Qian D, Sun X, Duan JA. An integrated strategy for rapid discovery and prediction of nucleobases, nucleosides and amino acids as quality markers in different flowering stages of Flos Chrysanthemi using UPLC–MS/MS and FT-NIR coupled with multivariate statistical analysis. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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13
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Sun C, Tang X, Ren Y, Wang E, Shi L, Wu X, Wu H. Novel Antioxidant Peptides Purified from Mulberry ( Morus atropurpurea Roxb.) Leaf Protein Hydrolysates with Hemolysis Inhibition Ability and Cellular Antioxidant Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7650-7659. [PMID: 31241944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Neutrase-hydrolysates hydrolyzed from mulberry leaf proteins were separated by ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, and semipreparative reverse-phase HPLC. Purified fractions were analyzed for their radical scavenging activity, hemolysis inhibition ability, and cellular antioxidant activity (CAA). Three new antioxidant peptides, P1 (SVL, 317 Da), P2 (EAVQ, 445 Da), and P3 (RDY, 452 Da), were obtained from the most active HPLC fraction (R1) and identified using UPLC-QTOF-MS. These three peptides were then synthesized, and their antioxidant activities were analyzed. P1 and P2 had no ability to inhibit hemolysis of erythrocytes but did show antioxidant activity on HepG2 cells. P3 showed the highest hemolysis inhibition ability (92%) and CAA value (2204 μM QE/100 g peptide). The Tyr residues at the C-terminal region play an important role in the antioxidant activity in P3. Thus, the natural peptide R1 and synthesized P3 could be used as antioxidants and might be promising components of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongzhen Sun
- Department of Food Science and Engineering , Jinan University , Huangpu Road 601, Guangzhou , Guangdong 510632 , China
| | - Xin Tang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering , Jinan University , Huangpu Road 601, Guangzhou , Guangdong 510632 , China
| | - Yao Ren
- College of Light Industry , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610065 , China
| | - Erpei Wang
- Plant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture , University of Sydney , NSW 2006 , Australia
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Food Science and Engineering , Jinan University , Huangpu Road 601, Guangzhou , Guangdong 510632 , China
| | - Xiyang Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering , Jinan University , Huangpu Road 601, Guangzhou , Guangdong 510632 , China
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510640 , China
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14
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Jiang Z, Wang X, Wang J, Liu C, Pan J. Simultaneous determination of eight flavonoids in Sedum sarmentosum Bunge from different areas by UHPLC with triple quadrupole MS/MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2019; 33:e4601. [PMID: 31116450 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Sedum sarmentosum Bunge (SSB) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine containing multiple components that has been extensively used clinically to treat chronic viral hepatitis and some inflammatory diseases. Total flavonoids are major pharmacologically active components of SSB. To gain a deeper understanding of SSB resources, we analyzed eight chemical constituents in 33 batches of SSB from 11 regions in China. An accurate, precise and sensitive ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole electrospray tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the determination of eight flavonoids in SSB. Under the optimized chromatographic conditions, good separation for the eight target components was obtained on an Agilent Zobax SB C18 (50 × 2.1 mm, 5 μm) column within 4 min. The established methods were validated with good linearity (r ≥ 0.9988), precision (RSD ≤ 2.68%), stability (1.43-3.28%) and repeatability (1.14-2.89%). Moreover, the average recoveries were 95.91-100.68%, and the RSDs were 1.50-3.80%. In addition, the analytical conditions of UPLC-ESI-MS/MS provided better sensitivity with a shorter analysis time when compared with the HPLC-DAD method. Hierarchical clustering analysis and principal component analysis were performed to estimate and classify these samples based on the contents of the eight chemical constituents. This study provided the theoretical basis and scientific evidence for the development and utilization of SSB resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy Office, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, P.R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jianchun Wang
- Department of Pharmacy Office, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, P.R. China
| | - Chundi Liu
- Department of Pharmacy Office, Zhangjiagang TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiagang, P.R. China
| | - Jinhuo Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China
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15
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Zhao H, Yan Y, Chai C, Zou LS, Liu XH, Wang SN, Hua YJ. Dynamic Changes of Eight Bioactive Constituents in Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex Based on UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS Combined with Grey Relational Analysis. CURR PHARM ANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573412914666180903123749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex is a well-known traditional Chinese herbal medicine
with vast clinical consumption owing to its positive effects. However, little attention has been devoted
to analyzing the dynamic changes of the chemical constituents of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex in
different growth periods.
Methods:
In this study, all analyses were performed on UFLC -20ADXR system and a SynergiTM
Hydro-RP 100 Å column (100 mm×2.0 mm, 2.5µm). The mobile phase consisted of water containing
0.1% formic acid (A) and acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid (B). The target constituents, including
two lignans, two alkaloids, two flavonoids, one phenylpropanoid glycoside, and one organic acid,
were analyzed in both positive and negative ion modes with accurate and sensitive multiple reaction
monitoring (MRM) mode.
Results:
The correlation coefficients of all the calibration curves were higher than 0.9992. Relative
standard deviations of intra- and inter-day precisions of the eight analytes were all lower than 4.01%
and the recoveries were in the range from 98.62% to 102.46%. Grey relational analysis was performed
to evaluate the samples according to the contents of 8 constituents. The results showed that the quality
of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex collected at traditional harvest time was much better, and the higher the
age, the better the quality.
Conclusion:
The proposed method is useful for the assessment on the quality of Magnoliae Officinalis
Cortex, and this study provides the basis for exploring the quality forming mechanism of Magnoliae
Officinalis Cortex medicinal materials and choosing the suitable harvesting period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Pharmacy College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Yan
- Pharmacy College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuan Chai
- Pharmacy College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Si Zou
- Pharmacy College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xun-hong Liu
- Pharmacy College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng-Nan Wang
- Pharmacy College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Hua
- Pharmacy College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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16
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Jin Y, Yang Wang C, Hu W, Huang Y, Li Xu M, Wang H, Kong X, Chen Y, Dong TT, Qin Q, Keung Tsim KW. An optimization of ultra-sonication-assisted extraction from flowers of Apocynum venetum in targeting to amount of free amino acids determined by UPLC-MS/MS. FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY 2019; 3:52-60. [DOI: 10.1093/fqsafe/fyz001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Caroline Yang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weihui Hu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Miranda Li Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huaiyou Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiangpeng Kong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yicun Chen
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Pharmacology Department, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Tina Tingxia Dong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiwei Qin
- Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Karl Wah Keung Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
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17
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Cui X, Shen YM, Jiang S, Qian DW, Shang EX, Zhu ZH, Duan JA. Comparative analysis of the main active components and hypoglycemic effects after the compatibility of Scutellariae Radix and Coptidis Rhizoma. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:1520-1527. [PMID: 30734512 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201801204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a rapid and highly sensitive ultra high performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method with the mobile phase of acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous formic acid was established and successfully applied to comparatively analyze main active components after their compatibility. Besides, the effects of Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma and combined extracts on type 2 diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet along with low dose of streptozocin were investigated. Under the optimized chromatographic conditions, good separation of seven target components was achieved within 12 min. All calibration curves exhibited good linearity (R2 ≥ 0.999). The relative standard deviation of precision, repeatability and stability varied from 0.69 to 2.23, 0.98 to 2.56, and 0.92 to 2.57%, respectively. The recovery ranged from 91.11 to 105.35%. The contents of seven active components were notably reduced after compatibility; however, the hypoglycemic effect of combined extracts was stronger than single drug by decreasing the activities of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, glucose 6-phosphatase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and increasing the activities of glucokinase, phosphofructokinase, pyruvate kinase. Accordingly, the established analytical method was accurate and sensitive enough for quantitative evaluation of seven investigated compounds. Moreover, the combined extract had definite effects on type 2 diabetes through multiple components against multiple targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Cui
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Meng Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Da-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Er-Xin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
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18
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Comparative analysis of nucleosides, nucleobases, and amino acids in different parts of Angelicae Sinensis Radix by ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:1122-1132. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201801026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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19
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Xue Y, Xie J, Xu XS, Yong L, Hu B, Liang J, Li XD, Qing LS. UPLC-QqQ/MS combined with similarity assessment of 17 nucleic acid constituents in 147 edible fungi from Sichuan Basin, China. Food Res Int 2018; 120:577-585. [PMID: 31000274 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid constituents are the main functional ingredients in edible fungi, therefore understanding the nucleic acid constituents of edible fungi often eaten on the table by the Chinese people is of significant value. In this study, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention collected 147 samples of edible fungi (including certain species that the Chinese often eat) from different parts of the Sichuan Basin. A new UPLC-QqQ/MS method has been developed to determine the 17 nucleic acid constituents in these 147 samples, including guanosine, adenosine, uridine, cytidine, inosine, thymidine, xanthosine dehydrate, 2'-deoxyguanosine, 2'-deoxyadenosine, 2'-deoxyuridine, 2'-deoxycytidine, 2'-deoxyinosine, guanosine 5'-monophosphate, adenosine 5'-monophosphate, uridine 5'-monophosphate, cytidine 5'-monophosphate, and inosine 5'-monophosphate. Finally, similarity assessment of the main edible fungus was performed using vectorial angle cosine method, and hierarchical cluster analysis was used to classify all the 147 samples. The results showed that some edible fungi have high similarities, especially in Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler, the monogenic nucleotides content of which (55.84 ± 8.4 mg/100 g) is far greater than any other edible fungus, which is directly related to its taste. For quality control, this paper proposed to use the reference values of total nucleic acid compounds in edible fungi computed by percentile threshold method. This is the first time a comprehensive evaluation of nucleic acid constituents of different edible fungi of daily consumption was conducted for a large region, and the results is conducive to the quality evaluation and quality control of edible fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xue
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Xian-Shun Xu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Yong
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jian Liang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xing-De Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin-Sen Qing
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
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20
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Seo CS, Shin HK. Simultaneous Quantification of Two Flavonoids in Morus alba by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Photodiode Array Detector. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801301120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The root bark of Morus alba L. (Family: Moraceae) is an important medicinal herb in many countries and has long been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of cough, fever, blood pressure reduction, and respiratory diseases. In the present study, the simultaneous determination of two flavonoids, kuwanon G and morusin, for quality control of M alba was conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) equipped with photodiode array (PDA) detector. The column used for separation of kuwanon G and morusin was a Gemini C18 analytical column maintained at 45°C. The mobile phase for efficient separation of two analytes was flowed 0.1% (v/v) aqueous formic acid-acetonitrile with gradient elution. The detection wavelength for quantification was set at 266 nm. The optimized method showed good linearity with coefficients of determination of 0.9998 within the tested concentration ranges. The limits of detection for the two flavonoids, kuwanon G and morusin, were 0.69 μg/mL and 0.35 μg/mL and the limits of quantification of kuwanon G and morusin, were 2.10 μ/mL and 1.07 μg/mL. The recoveries were 98.40–111.55% and the relative standard deviation (RSD) value was within 3.50%. The RSD values of intra- a g d interday precisions were 0.08–0.70% and 0.06-0.48%, respectively. The amounts of kuwanon G and morusin were 1.94-2.26 mg/g and 1.05–1.12 mg/g. The established HPLC-PDA method will help to improve the quality control of M. alba and related products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Seob Seo
- Herbal Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeun-Kyoo Shin
- Herbal Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseongdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
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21
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Tchabo W, Ma Y, Kwaw E, Xiao L, Wu M, T. Apaliya M. Impact of extraction parameters and their optimization on the nutraceuticals and antioxidant properties of aqueous extract mulberry leaf. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2018.1446025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- William Tchabo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yongkun Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
| | - Emmanuel Kwaw
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Xiao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
| | - Meng Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
| | - Maurice T. Apaliya
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P.R. China
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22
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Yan Y, Zhao H, Chen C, Zou L, Liu X, Chai C, Wang C, Shi J, Chen S. Comparison of Multiple Bioactive Constituents in Different Parts of Eucommia ulmoides Based on UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS Combined with PCA. Molecules 2018; 23:E643. [PMID: 29533983 PMCID: PMC6017739 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides Oilv. (EU), also called Du-zhong, is a classical traditional Chinese medicine. Its bark, leaf, and male flower are all used for medicinal purposes, called Eucommiae Cortex (EC), Eucommiae Folium (EF), and Eucommiae Flos Male (EFM). In order to study the difference in synthesis and the accumulation of metabolites in different parts of EU, a reliable method based on ultra-fast liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of a total of 21 constituents, including two lignans, 6 iridoids, 6 penylpropanoids, 6 flavonoids, and one phenol in the samples (EC, EF, and EFM). Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to evaluate and classify the samples according to the contents of these 21 constituents. All of the results demonstrated that the chemical compositions in EC, EF, and EFM were significantly different and the differential constituents (i.e., aucubin, geniposidic acid, chlorogenic acid, pinoresinol-di-O-β-d-glucopyranoside, geniposide, cryptochlorogenic acid, rutin, and quercetin) were remarkably associated with sample classifications. The research will provide the basic information for revealing the laws of metabolite accumulation in EC, EF, and EFM from the same origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hui Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Cuihua Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Lisi Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xunhong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Chuan Chai
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jingjing Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Shuyu Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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23
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Sun C, Wu W, Ma Y, Min T, Lai F, Wu H. Physicochemical, functional properties, and antioxidant activities of protein fractions obtained from mulberry (morus atropurpurea roxb.) leaf. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2016.1238389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chongzhen Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjia Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yurong Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tian Min
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Furao Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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24
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Yan Y, Cai H, Zhao H, Chen C, Zou L, Liu X, Chai C, Wang S, Hua Y. Quality evaluation of Eucommiae Cortex processed by different methods and "sweating" conditions based on simultaneous determination of multiple bioactive constituents combined with gray relational analysis. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:1050-1062. [PMID: 29205854 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Eucommiae Cortex is a classical traditional Chinese medicine, which needs to be processed by "sweating" methods. To select the suitable processing method and "sweating" processing condition for Eucommiae Cortex, in this study, the quality of Eucommiae Cortex was evaluated based on simultaneous determination of multiple bioactive constituents combined with gray relational analysis. The contents of lignans, iridoids, penylpropanoids, flavonoids, and phenols in samples were simultaneously determined using ultra-fast performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole-linear ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. The chromatographic separation was performed on a Synergiۛ Hydro-RP 100 Å column (100 mm × 2.0 mm, 2.5 μm) at 30°C with a gradient elution of acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid/0.1% aqueous formic acid as the mobile phase. Furthermore, gray relational analysis was performed to evaluate and sort the samples according to the contents of 14 constituents by calculating the relative correlation degree of each sample. The results demonstrated that the quality of Eucommiae Cortex "sweating" at source area was better and the better "sweating" condition was to scrape off the cork layer before "sweating" with straw covering and sun drying. The developed method could provide the foundation and support for "sweating" processing method of Eucommiae Cortex in normalization and standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cuihua Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lisi Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xunhong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuan Chai
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujiao Hua
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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25
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Xiang X, Sha X, Su S, Zhu Z, Guo S, Yan H, Qian D, Duan JA. Simultaneous determination of polysaccharides and 21 nucleosides and amino acids in different tissues of Salvia miltiorrhiza
from different areas by UV-visible spectrophotometry and UHPLC with triple quadrupole MS/MS. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:996-1008. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; and State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Xiuxiu Sha
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; and State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Shulan Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; and State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; and State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; and State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; and State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; and State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
| | - Jin-ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization; National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae; and State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Resources Recycling Utilization; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing China
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26
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Wang XJ, Li ZL, Lv XH, Zuo QY, Zhao YM, Ding YF, Pu SB, Qian SH, Peng YR. Antitumor evaluation and multiple analysis on different extracted fractions of the root of Cynanchum auriculatum
Royle ex Wight. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:3054-3063. [PMID: 28598028 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-jie Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Research Department of Pharmacognosy; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Zhen-lin Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm; Jiangsu Province Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xu-hui Lv
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm; Jiangsu Province Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Qi-yan Zuo
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Research Department of Pharmacognosy; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm; Jiangsu Province Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yan-min Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm; Jiangsu Province Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yong-fang Ding
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - She-ban Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Research Department of Pharmacognosy; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Shi-hui Qian
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm; Jiangsu Province Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yun-ru Peng
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
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27
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Zhu S, Guo S, Duan JA, Qian D, Yan H, Sha X, Zhu Z. UHPLC-TQ-MS Coupled with Multivariate Statistical Analysis to Characterize Nucleosides, Nucleobases and Amino Acids in Angelicae Sinensis Radix Obtained by Different Drying Methods. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22060918. [PMID: 28587175 PMCID: PMC6152706 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the nutrients in roots of Angelica sinensis (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, ASR), a medicinal and edible plant, and evaluate its nutritional value, a rapid and reliable UHPLC-TQ-MS method was established and used to determine the potential nutritional compounds, including nucleosides, nucleobases and amino acids, in 50 batches of ASR samples obtained using two drying methods. The results showed that ASR is a healthy food rich in nucleosides, nucleobases and amino acids, especially arginine. The total average content of nucleosides and nucleobases in all ASR samples was 3.94 mg/g, while that of amino acids reached as high as 61.79 mg/g. Principle component analysis showed that chemical profile differences exist between the two groups of ASR samples prepared using different drying methods, and the contents of nutritional compounds in samples dried with the tempering-intermittent drying processing method (TIDM) were generally higher than those dried using the traditional solar processing method. The above results suggest that ASR should be considered an ideal healthy food and TIDM could be a suitable drying method for ASR when taking nucleosides, nucleobases and amino acids as the major consideration for their known human health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Sheng Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xiuxiu Sha
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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28
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Pan X, Du L, Tao J, Jiang S, Qian D, Duan J. Dynamic changes of flavonoids in Abelmoschus manihot different organs at different growth periods by UPLC-MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1059:21-26. [PMID: 28558340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abelmoschus manihot (Linn.) Medicus has been clinically used to treat chronic kidney disease, oral ulcers, burns, and dysmenorrhea in China for many centuries. The major pharmacologically-active components of A. manihot are flavonoids. In this study, a rapid and highly sensitive UPLC-MS/MS analysis method was established and successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of five major flavonoids (rutin, hyperoside, isoquercitrin, quercetin, and myricetin) in different parts of A. manihot harvested at ten growth periods. Under the optimized chromatographic conditions, good separation for five target components was obtained on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column within 18min. The total contents of the five investigated flavonoids in A. manihot roots, stems, leaves and flowers ranged from 2.86 to 123.7μg/g, 46.39 to 141.0μg/g, 929.4 to 3096μg/g, and 10,150 to 19,390μg/g, respectively, indicating that the total flavonoids in the four parts could be mainly arranged in a decreasing order as flower>leaf>stem>root. The peak of total flavonoids in flowers and leaves appeared at G8 and G9, respectively. These results will be helpful for the determination of the suitable harvest time of A. manihot and the improvement of the utility value of the disused parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Pan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Leyue Du
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jinhua Tao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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29
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Tao JH, Xu J, Jiang S, Ling Y, Wang DG. Simultaneous determination of the bioactive components in rat plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and application in pharmacokinetic studies after oral administration of radix Scutellariae extract. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 31. [PMID: 28205294 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A highly sensitive and rapid ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method has been developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of the four main bioactive compounds, i.e. baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside and wogonin, in rat plasma after oral administration of Radix Scutellariae extract. Clarithromycin was used as an internal standard (IS). Plasma samples were processed by protein precipitation with methanol. The separation was performed on an Acquity BEH C18 column (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min, using 0.1% formic acid-acetonitrile as mobile phase. The MS/MS ion transit ions monitored were 447.5 → 270.1 for baicalin, 270.1 → 168.1 for baicalein, 461.2 → 284.0 for wogonoside, 284.2 → 168.1 for wogonin and 748.5 → 158.1 for IS. Method validation was performed according to US Food and Drug Administration guidelines and the results met the acceptance criteria. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) achieved was 1.13 ng/mL for baicalin, 1.23 ng/mL for baicalein, 0.82 ng/mL for wogonoside and 0.36 ng/mL for wogonin. The calibration curves obtained were linear (r > 0.99) over the concentration range ~ 1-1000 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day precision was <15% and the accuracy was within ±14.7%. After validation, this method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of Radix Scutellariae extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hua Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ling
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Geng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
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30
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Quality Evaluation of Pseudostellariae Radix Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Components Combined with Grey Relational Analysis. Molecules 2016; 22:molecules22010013. [PMID: 28035970 PMCID: PMC6155879 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudostellariae Radix (PR) is an important traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCM) with vast clinical consumption because of its positive effects. However, little attention has been devoted to simultaneous analysis of its bioactive components for quality control of PR based on its different harvesting times, different growing habitats, and different processing methods. In this research, the quality of PR was evaluated based on simultaneous determination of multiple bioactive components combined with grey relational analysis (GRA). A reliable method based on ultra-fast liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS) was established to simultaneously determine the contents of 30 components in PR, including two cyclopeptides, 12 nucleosides, and 16 amino acids. Furthermore, grey relational analysis was performed to evaluate the quality of PR samples according to the contents of these 30 components. The results showed that the quality of PR harvested in 6 August 2013, cultivated in Jurong, Jiangsu, and treated by oven drying 60 °C was better than that of other PR samples. The proposed method is useful for the overall assessment on the quality of PR, and this study provides valuable information for revealing the dynamic change laws of metabolite accumulation in PR and choosing the most suitable harvesting time and reasonable processing method of PR to obtain the best quality.
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31
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Ma R, Weng H, Liang J. Screening of lipase inhibitors in Folium Mori with lipase-linked magnetic microspheres by high-performance liquid chromatography and evaluation in diabetic mice. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:4474-4483. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Fudan University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Weng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy; Fudan University; Shanghai P.R. China
| | - Jianying Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Fudan University; Shanghai P.R. China
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32
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Wang S, Hua Y, Xu L, Zou L, Liu X, Luo Y, Liu J, Yan Y. Quality Evaluation of Scrophulariae Radix Processed by Different 'Sweating' Methods Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Grey Relational Analysis. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21070850. [PMID: 27367656 PMCID: PMC6273517 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Scrophulariae Radix is one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), which needs to be processed by ‘sweating’ methods. Primary processing of Scrophulariae Radix is an important link which closely relates to the quality of products in this TCM. To facilitate selection of the suitable ‘sweating’ processing method for Scrophulariae Radix, in this study the quality of Scrophulariae Radix processed by different ‘sweating’ methods was evaluated based on simultaneous determination of multiple bioactive constituents combined with grey relational analysis. The contents of iridoid glycosides, phenylpropanoid glycosides, and organic acids in Scrophulariae Radix processed by different ‘sweating’ methods were simultaneously determined using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS). Furthermore, grey relational analysis (GRA) was performed to evaluate the ‘sweating’ processed samples according to the contents of twelve constituents. All of the results demonstrated that the quality of Scrophulariae Radix processed by oven drying at 35 °C and ‘sweating’ for three days was better. The developed method was useful for the overall assessment on quality of Scrophulariae Radix, and this study may provide the foundation and support for ‘sweating’ processing of Scrophulariae Radix in normalization and standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yujiao Hua
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Li Xu
- Yangzhou Institute for Drug Control, Yangzhou 225100, China.
| | - Lisi Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xunhong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yiyuan Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Juanxiu Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Ying Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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An intelligentized strategy for endogenous small molecules characterization and quality evaluation of earthworm from two geographic origins by ultra-high performance HILIC/QTOF MSE and Progenesis QI. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:3881-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9482-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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34
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Ji T, Li J, Su SL, Zhu ZH, Guo S, Qian DW, Duan JA. Identification and Determination of the Polyhydroxylated Alkaloids Compounds with α-Glucosidase Inhibitor Activity in Mulberry Leaves of Different Origins. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21020206. [PMID: 26867190 PMCID: PMC6274138 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mulberry leaves have commonly been utilized in China as a herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes for thousands of years. To evaluate the quality, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) method was developed for identification of polyhydroxylated alkaloids with α-glucosidase inhibitor activity in mulberry leaf. As a result, five alkaloid compounds were identified or tentatively characterized. Among them, the compound 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) was selected as the most typical and active chemical marker and quantified using an improved high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) normal phase coupled with evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD) method. The developed method was fully validated in terms of linearity, sensitivity, precision and repeatability, as well as recovery, and subsequently applied to evaluate twenty-nine batches of mulberry leaves from different collections. From the analytical data it was discovered that the average content of DNJ is 1.53 mg/g, while the total contents of DNJ in the 29 mulberry leaf sample ranged from 0.20 to 3.88 mg/g, which suggested remarkable differences, although it reached the highest levels in early August. These data may provide an important reference for the quality of mulberry leaves used as herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes or as a material to obtain the DNJ of α-glucosidase inhibitor or as a functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ji
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Shu-Lan Su
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhen-Hua Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Sheng Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Da-Wei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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35
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Rapid Determination of Free Amino Acids, Nucleosides, and Nucleobases in Commercial Clam Species Harvested at Different Seasons in Jiangsu, China, Using UFLC-MS/MS. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-015-0331-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Zhou G, Wang M, Xu R, Li XB. Chemometrics for comprehensive analysis of nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides in Siraitiae Fructus by hydrophilic interaction ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole linear ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:3508-15. [PMID: 26249158 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive hydrophilic interaction ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple-quadrupole linear ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry method was validated for the simultaneous determination of 20 nucleobases, nucleosides, and nucleotides (within 3.5 min), and then was employed to test the functional food of Luo-Han-Guo samples. The analysis showed that the Luo-Han-Guo was rich in guanosine and uridine, but contained trace levels of the other target compounds. Chemometrics methods were employed to identify 40 batches of Luo-Han-Guo samples from different cultivated forms, regions and varieties. Unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to classify Luo-Han-Guo samples based on the level of the 20 target compounds, and the supervised learning method of counter propagation artificial neural network was utilized to further separate clusters and validate the established model. As a result, the samples could be clustered into three primary groups, in which correlation with cultivated varieties was observed. The present strategy could be applied to the investigation of other edible plants containing nucleobases, nucleosides, or nucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guisheng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Renjie Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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37
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Quantitation of endogenous nucleoside triphosphates and nucleosides in human cells by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:3693-704. [PMID: 25749797 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8588-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Nucleosides and nucleoside triphosphates are the building blocks of nucleic acids and important bioactive metabolites, existing in all living cells. In the present study, two liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry methods were developed to quantify both groups of compounds from the same sample with a shared extraction procedure. After a simple protein precipitation with methanol, the nucleosides were separated with reversed phase chromatography on an Atlantis T3 column while for the separation of the nucleoside triphosphates, an anion exchange column (BioBasic AX) was used. No addition of ion pair reagent was required. A 5500 QTrap was used as analyzer, operating as triple quadrupole. The analytical method for the nucleoside triphosphates has been validated according to the guidelines of the US Food and Drug Administration. The lower limit of quantification values were determined as 10 pg on column (0.5 ng/mL in the injection solution) for deoxyadenosine triphosphate and deoxyguanosine triphosphate, 20 pg (1 ng/mL) for deoxycytidine triphosphate and thymidine triphosphate, 100 pg (5 ng/mL) for cytidine triphosphate and guanosine triphosphate, and 500 pg (25 ng/mL) for adenosine triphosphate und uridine triphosphate respectively. This methodology has been applied to the quantitation of nucleosides and nucleoside triphosphates in primary human CD4 T lymphocytes and macrophages. As expected, the concentrations for ribonucleosides and ribonucleoside triphophates were considerably higher than those obtained for the deoxy derivatives. Upon T cell receptor activation, the levels of all analytes, with the notable exceptions of deoxyadenosine triphosphate and deoxyguanosine triphosphate, were found to be elevated in CD4 T cells.
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Domingues DS, Crevelin EJ, de Moraes LAB, Cecilio Hallak JE, de Souza Crippa JA, Costa Queiroz ME. Simultaneous determination of amino acids and neurotransmitters in plasma samples from schizophrenic patients by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:780-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Soares Domingues
- Departamento de Química; Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Eduardo José Crevelin
- Departamento de Química; Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Beraldo de Moraes
- Departamento de Química; Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Jaime Eduardo Cecilio Hallak
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior; Ribeirão Preto Medical School; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Maria Eugênia Costa Queiroz
- Departamento de Química; Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto; Universidade de São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
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