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Huang L, Rao Q, Wang C, Mou Y, Zheng X, Hu E, Zheng J, Li Y, Liu L. Multi-omics joint analysis reveals that the Miao medicine Yindanxinnaotong formula attenuates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 135:156026. [PMID: 39388921 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUD Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing chronic liver disease worldwide, and no effective agent is approved yet for this condition. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), which has been practiced for thousands of years in China and other Asian countries, is considered an important source for identifying novel medicines for various diseases. Miao medicine Yindanxinnaotong formula (YDX) is a classical TCM for the treatment of hyperlipidemia disease by reducing blood lipid content, while the role of YDX have not been clarified in NAFLD. PURPOSE To investigate the protective effect of YDX on NAFLD in mice induced by high fat diet (HFD) and clarify the potential mechanism. METHODS NAFLD mice model was constructed by receiving HFD for 10-week period with or without YDX administration. Lipid profiles, biochemical indicators, and histopathological staining were performed to evaluate the extent of hepatic lipid accumulation and hepatic steatosis. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to determine the gut microbial composition. Serum metabolomics was further used to investigate the changes in plasma biomarkers for NAFLD-associated by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS analysis. Subsequently, liver transcriptomics was employed to identify differentially expressed genes and explore regulatory pathways. Then, lipid metabolism-related proteins and inflammation factors were examined by Western blot and ELISA. RESULTS YDX reduced body weight gain, liver index and inflammatory cytokines levels, along with improved hepatic steatosis, serum lipid profile, sensitivity to insulin and also tolerance to glucose, and enhanced oxidative defense system in HFD-induced mice. Also, YDX remarkedly affected gut microbiota diversity and community richness and decreased the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes. Meanwhile, YDX also reduced the production of harmful lipid metabolites in the sera of NAFLD mice, such as LPC(18:0), LPC(18:1) and carnitine. Notably, consistent with liver transcriptomics results, YDX downregulated the expression of proteins implicated in de novo lipid synthesis (Srebp-1c, Acaca, Fasn, Scd-1, and Cd36) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α), and increased the expression of proteins-related fatty acid β-oxidation (Ampkα, Ppar-α, and Cpt-1) in the liver by activating Ampk pathway. CONCLUSION YDX is promisingly an effective therapy for preventing NAFLD by modulating the Ampk pathway, inhibiting gut microbiota disorder, and reducing the production of harmful lipid metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Qing Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Chaoyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yu Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Xiuyan Zheng
- Guizhou Institute of Integrated Agriculture Development, Guiyang 550006, China
| | - Enming Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
| | - Yanmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China.
| | - Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Ali NA, Elsayed GH, Mohamed SH, Abd Elkarim AS, Aly MS, Elgamal AM, Elsayed WM, El-Newary SA. Chia Seed ( Salvia hispanica) Attenuates Chemically Induced Lung Carcinomas in Rats through Suppression of Proliferation and Angiogenesis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1129. [PMID: 39338293 PMCID: PMC11435337 DOI: 10.3390/ph17091129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2022, 2.5 million cases of lung cancer were diagnosed, resulting in 1.8 million deaths. These statistics have motivated us to introduce a new natural product which is feasible in lung cancer therapies. This comprehensive study was performed to study the effects of chia seed extracts (70% ethanol and petroleum ether) on lung cancer in vitro and in vivo models. The invitro cytotoxicity activity of the chia extracts was studied in lung cancer cell lines (A549 cells). After 48 h, chia alcohol and ether extracts showed more inhibitory influence (IC50, 16.08, and 14.8 µg/mL, respectively) on A549 cells compared to Dox (IC50, 13.6 µg/mL). In vivo, administration of chia alcohol and ether extracts (500 mg/kg/day, orally for 20 weeks) recovered 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)-induced lung cancer, as a significant reduction in the lung cancer biomarkers, including the relative weight of the lung (20.0 and 13.33%), ICAM(31.73 and 15.66%), and c-MYC (80 and 96%) and MMP9(60 and 69%) expression genes, and improvement in these changes were observed by histopathological examinations of the lung tissues compared to the lung control. Chia seeds fought lung cancer via suppression of proliferation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and activation apoptosis. These activities may be attributed to the chemical composition of chia, which is identified by LC-Mass, such as caffeic acid, vanillic acid, kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide, and taxifolin. Finally, we can conclude that chia seeds have an anti-lung cancer effect with a good safety margin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naglaa A. Ali
- Hormones Department, National Research Centre, El-Bouhoths St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (N.A.A.); (G.H.E.); (S.H.M.)
| | - Ghada H. Elsayed
- Hormones Department, National Research Centre, El-Bouhoths St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (N.A.A.); (G.H.E.); (S.H.M.)
- Stem Cells Lab, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Safaa H. Mohamed
- Hormones Department, National Research Centre, El-Bouhoths St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt; (N.A.A.); (G.H.E.); (S.H.M.)
| | - Asmaa S. Abd Elkarim
- Chemistry of Tanning Materials and Leather Technology Department, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed S. Aly
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Abdelbaset M. Elgamal
- Department of Chemistry of Microbial and Natural Products, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Wael M. Elsayed
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt;
| | - Samah A. El-Newary
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, National Research Centre, El-Bouhoths St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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3
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Huang AX, Li JM, Yang L, Chen L, Zhou ZH, Li P, Gao W. A mass defect filtering combined background subtraction strategy for rapid screening and identification of metabolites in rat plasma after oral administration of Yindan Xinnaotong soft capsule. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 231:115400. [PMID: 37099978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
The absorbed prototypes and metabolites of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) serves an important part in pharmacological action and clinical effects. However, the comprehensive characterization of which is facing actual or possible rigorous challenges due to the lack of data mining methods and the complexity of metabolite samples. Yindan Xinnaotong soft capsule (YDXNT), a typical traditional Chinese medicine prescription consisting of extracts from 8 herbal medicines, is widely used for the treatment of angina pectoris and ischemic stroke in the clinic. This study established a systematic data mining strategy based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole-time-of-fight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF MS) for comprehensive metabolite profiling of YDXNT in rat plasma after oral administration. The multi-level feature ion filtration strategy was primarily conducted through the full scan MS data of plasma samples. All potential metabolites were rapidly fileted out from the endogenous background interference based on the background subtract and the chemical type specifically mass defect filter (MDF) windows including flavonoids, ginkgolides, phenolic acids, saponins, and tanshinones. As the MDF windows of certain types were overlapped, the screened-out potential metabolites were deeply characterized and identified according to their retention times (RT), integrating neutral loss filtering (NLF), diagnostic fragment ions filtering (DFIF), and further confirmed by reference standards. Thus, a total of 122 compounds, consisting of 29 prototype components (16 confirmed with reference standards) and 93 metabolites had been identified. This study provides a rapid and robust metabolite profiling method for researching complicated traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Xian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jun-Ming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zi-Han Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
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4
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Abdel Ghani AE, Al-Saleem MSM, Abdel-Mageed WM, AbouZeid EM, Mahmoud MY, Abdallah RH. UPLC-ESI-MS/MS Profiling and Cytotoxic, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Antidiabetic, and Antiobesity Activities of the Non-Polar Fractions of Salvia hispanica L. Aerial Parts. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1062. [PMID: 36903922 PMCID: PMC10005563 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Salvia hispanica L. is an annual herbaceous plant commonly known as "Chia". It has been recommended for therapeutic use because of its use as an excellent source of fatty acids, protein, dietary fibers, antioxidants, and omega-3 fatty acids. A literature survey concerning phytochemical and biological investigations of chia extracts revealed less attention towards the non-polar extracts of S. hispanica L. aerial parts, which motivates us to investigate their phytochemical constituents and biological potentials. The phytochemical investigation of the non-polar fractions of S. hispanica L. aerial parts resulted in the tentative identification of 42 compounds using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis with the isolation of β-sitosterol (1), betulinic acid (2), oleanolic acid (3), and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (4). GLC-MS analysis of the seeds' oil showed a high concentration of omega-3 fatty acid, with a percentage of 35.64% of the total fatty acid content in the seed oil. The biological results revealed that the dichloromethane fraction showed promising DPPH radical-scavenging activity (IC50 = 14.73 µg/mL), antidiabetic activity with significant inhibition of the α-amylase enzyme (IC50 673.25 μg/mL), and anti-inflammatory activity using in vitro histamine release assay (IC50 61.8 μg/mL). Furthermore, the dichloromethane fraction revealed moderate cytotoxic activity against human lung cancer cell line (A-549), human prostate carcinoma (PC-3), and colon carcinoma (HCT-116) with IC50s 35.9 ± 2.1 μg/mL, 42.4 ± 2.3 μg/mL, and 47.5 ± 1.3 μg/mL, respectively, and antiobesity activity with IC50 59.3 μg/mL, using pancreatic lipase inhibitory assay. In conclusion, this study's findings not only shed light on the phytochemical constituents and biological activities of the non-polar fractions of chia but also should be taken as a basis for the future in vivo and clinical studies on the safety and efficacy of chia and its extracts. Further study should be focused towards the isolation of the active principles of the dichloromethane fraction and studying their efficacy, exact mechanism(s), and safety, which could benefit the pharmaceutical industry and folk medicine practitioners who use this plant to cure diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf E. Abdel Ghani
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Muneera S. M. Al-Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Science College, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael M. Abdel-Mageed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Ehsan M. AbouZeid
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Marwa Y. Mahmoud
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Rehab H. Abdallah
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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5
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Yang Z, Shi L, Qi Y, Xie C, Zhao W, Barrow CJ, Dunshea FR, Suleria HA. Effect of processing on polyphenols in butternut pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata). FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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6
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Deng X, Huang SL, Ren J, Pan ZH, Shen Y, Zhou HF, Zuo ZL, Leng Y, Zhao QS. Development and structure-activity relationships of tanshinones as selective 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 inhibitors. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2022; 12:36. [PMID: 36131216 PMCID: PMC9492458 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00358-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-HSD1) represents a promising drug target for metabolic syndrome, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Our initial screen of a collection of natural products from Danshen led to the identification of tanshinones as the potent and selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitors. To improve the druggability and explore the structure-activity relationships (SARs), more than 40 derivatives have been designed and synthesized using tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone as the starting materials. More than 10 derivatives exhibited potent in vitro 11β-HSD1 inhibitory activity and good selectivity over 11β-HSD2 across human and mouse species. Based on the biological results, SARs were further discussed, which was also partially rationalized by a molecular docking model of 1 bound to the 11β-HSD1. Remarkably, compounds 1, 17 and 30 significantly inhibited 11β-HSD1 in 3T3-L1 adipocyte and in livers of ob/ob mice, which merits further investigations as anti-diabetic agents. This study not only provides a series of novel selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitors with promising therapeutic potentials in metabolic syndromes, but also expands the boundaries of the chemical and biological spaces of tanshinones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Su-Ling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jian Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, 541006, China
| | - Yu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao-Feng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China
| | - Zhi-Li Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China.
| | - Ying Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Qin-Shi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, China.
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7
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Zhu Z, Zhong B, Yang Z, Zhao W, Shi L, Aziz A, Rauf A, Aljohani AS, Alhumaydhi FA, Suleria HAR. LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Characterization and Estimation of the Antioxidant Potential of Phenolic Compounds from Different Parts of the Lotus ( Nelumbo nucifera) Seed and Rhizome. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:14630-14642. [PMID: 35557671 PMCID: PMC9088796 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Edible lotus (Nelumbo nucifera G.) is widely consumed in Asian countries and treated as a functional food and traditional medicinal herb due to its abundant bioactive compounds. Lotus rhizome peels, rhizome knots, and seed embryos are important byproducts and processing waste of edible lotus (Nelumbo nucifera G.) with commercial significance. Nevertheless, the comprehensive phenolic profiling of different parts of lotus is still scarce. Thus, this study aimed to review the phenolic contents and antioxidant potential in lotus seeds (embryo and cotyledon) and rhizomes (peel, knot, and pulp) grown in Australia. In the phenolic content and antioxidant potential estimation assays by comparing to the corresponding reference standards, the lotus seed embryo exhibited the highest total phenolic content (10.77 ± 0.66 mg GAE/gf.w.), total flavonoid content (1.61 ± 0.03 mg QE/gf.w.), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity (9.66 ± 0.10 mg AAE/gf.w.), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) scavenging activity (14.35 ± 0.20 mg AAE/gf.w.), and total antioxidant capacity (6.46 ± 0.30 mg AAE/g), while the highest value of ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activity and total tannin content was present in the lotus rhizome knot (2.30 ± 0.13 mg AAE/gf.w.). A total of 86 phenolic compounds were identified in five parts of lotus by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS), including phenolic acids (20), flavonoids (51), lignans (3), stilbenes (2), and other polyphenols (10). The most phenolic compounds, reaching up to 68%, were present in the lotus seed embryo (59). Furthermore, the lotus rhizome peel and lotus seed embryo exhibit significantly higher contents of selected polyphenols than other lotus parts according to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) quantification analysis. The results highlighted that byproducts and processing waste of edible lotus are rich sources of phenolic compounds, which may be good candidates for further exploitation and utilization in food, animal feeding, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Zhu
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Biming Zhong
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Synthetic Biochemistry
Center, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic
Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zihong Yang
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Wanrong Zhao
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Linghong Shi
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Ahsan Aziz
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi, Anbar-23561 KPK, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah S.M. Aljohani
- Department
of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department
of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria
- School
of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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8
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Lu X, Jin Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Fan X. Multimodal integrated strategy for the discovery and identification of quality markers in traditional Chinese medicine. J Pharm Anal 2022; 12:701-710. [PMID: 36320607 PMCID: PMC9615540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2022.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With the modernization and internationalization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the requirement for quality control has increased. The quality marker (Q-marker) is an important standard in this field and has been implemented with remarkable success in recent years. However, the establishment of Q-markers remains fragmented and the process lacks systematicity, resulting in inconsistent quality control and insufficient correlation with clinical efficacy and safety of TCM. This review introduces four multimodal integrated approaches that contribute to the discovery of more comprehensive and accurate Q-markers, thus aiding in the establishment of new quality control patterns based on the characteristics and principles of TCM. These include the whole-process quality control strategy, chemical-activity-based screening method, efficacy, safety, and consistent combination strategy, and TCM theory-guided approach. Furthermore, methodologies and representative examples of these strategies are described, and important future directions and questions in this field are also proposed. Four multimodal integrated strategies were introduced to establish Q-markers. Quality control of TCM should focus on the entire process chain. The identification of Q-markers needs to be guided by TCM theory. Ensuring efficacy, safety, and consistency is an essential goal of Q-markers. Multidisciplinary techniques are the driving force for improving Q-markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Lu
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Innovation Center in Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321016, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanyan Jin
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuzhen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yunlong Chen
- Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310010, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Xiaohui Fan
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Innovation Center in Zhejiang University, State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321016, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Corresponding author. Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Pang HQ, Zhou P, Meng XW, Yang H, Li Y, Xing XD, Wang HY, Yan FR, Li P, Gao W. An image-based fingerprint-efficacy screening strategy for uncovering active compounds with interactive effects in Yindan Xinnaotong soft capsule. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153911. [PMID: 35026505 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yindan Xinnaotong soft capsule (YDXNT) is a clinically effective herbal prescription used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Since Chinese medicines (CMs) exert their effects via a "multiple-components and multiple-targets" mode, discovery of the active compounds with interactive effects may contribute to reveal their mechanisms of action. PURPOSE This study aimed to establish an image-based fingerprint-efficacy screening strategy to identify active compounds with interaction effects from CM prescription, using YDXNT to inhibit microglia-mediated neuroinflammation as an instance. METHODS A multi-component random content-oriented chemical library of YDXNT was constructed by uniform design, and their chemical fingerprint was profiled by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods. Then the neuroinflammation activities of chemical library members of YDXNT were determined by image-based dual phenotypic quantification. Subsequently, fingerprint-efficacy correlation and random forest analysis were applied to predict the potentially active compounds with interactive effects. Finally, the interactive effects among the active compounds were confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and apoptosis analysis, and network pharmacology was applied to explore the possible mechanisms. RESULTS Image-based fingerprint-efficacy correlation analysis revealed that six tanshinones (TNs) and four flavonoids (FAs) were potential anti-neuroinflammatory compounds. The inter-family of TNs and FAs possessed obvious interactive effects (combination index ≤ 0.825). Moreover, the combination of scutellarein and tanshinone I (2:1, w/w) was discovered as the possible interactive combinatorial components, which, comparing with individual scutellarein or tanshinone I, shown more powerful effects on anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 cells. Network pharmacology showed that the active compounds might suppress microglia-mediated neuroinflammation via multiple targets in the T cell receptor, Jak-STAT, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. CONCLUSION The image-based fingerprint-efficacy strategy simplifies the screening process of efficacious component combinations in CMs for complex diseases, which also offers a promising approach to explore the integrative therapeutic mechanisms of CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Qing Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xu-Dong Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hui-Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fang-Rong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Wen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, No.24, Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China.
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10
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Wang Q, Peng C, Shi L, Liu Z, Zhou D, Meng H, Zhao H, Li F, Zhang M. A Technical System for the Large-Scale Application of Metabolites From Paecilomyces variotii SJ1 in Agriculture. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:671879. [PMID: 34055763 PMCID: PMC8149806 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.671879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Compared with endophytes, metabolites from endophytes (MEs) have great potential in agriculture. However, a technique for industrializing the production of MEs is still scarce. Moreover, the establishment of effective methods for evaluating the quality of MEs is hampered by the fact that some compounds with beneficial effects on crops have not been clearly identified. Herein, a system was established for the production, quality control and application of MEs by using the extract from Paecilomyces variotii SJ1 (ZNC). First, the extraction conditions of ZNC were optimized through response surface methodology, after which each batch (500 L) met the consumption requirements of crops in 7,467 hectares. Then, chromatographic fingerprinting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were applied to evaluate the similarity and specificity of unknown effective components in ZNC, ensuring a similarity of more than 90% and a quantitative accuracy of greater than 99.9% for the products from different batches. Finally, the bioactivity of industrially produced ZNC was evaluated in the field, and it significantly increased the potato yields by 4.4–10.8%. Overall, we have established a practical technical system for the large-scale application of ZNC in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,Shandong Pengbo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tai'an, China
| | - Chune Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Liran Shi
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Dafa Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hui Meng
- Shandong Pengbo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tai'an, China
| | - Hongling Zhao
- Shandong Pengbo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Tai'an, China
| | - Fuchuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Min Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Slow and Controlled Release Fertilizers, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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11
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Characterization of Phenolics in Rejected Kiwifruit and Their Antioxidant Potential. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9050781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Kiwifruit hold significant nutritional value and are a good source of antioxidants due to their diverse range of bioactive compounds. Kiwifruit waste is generated throughout the food supply chain, particularly during transportation and storage. Kiwifruit rejected from the retail market due to unfavorable appearance still possess potential economic value as kiwifruit are abundant in phenolic compounds. The present work studied the phenolic profile and antioxidant potential of rejected kiwifruit, including SunGold (Actinidia chinensis), Hayward (Actinidia deliciosa), and round organic Hayward (Actinidia deliciosa). Regarding phenolics estimation, SunGold possessed the highest TPC (0.72 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g), while Hayward exhibited the highest TFC (0.05 ± 0.09 mg QE/g). In antioxidant assays, SunGold showed the highest antioxidant activities in DPPH (0.31 ± 0.35 mg AAE/g), FRAP (0.48 ± 0.04 mg AAE/g), ABTS (0.69 ± 0.07 mg AAE/g), •OH-RSA (0.07 ± 0.03 mg AAE/g) assays, and FICA (0.19 ± 0.07 mg EDTA/g), whereas Hayward showed the highest RPA (0.09 ± 0.02 mg AAE/g) and TAC (0.57 ± 0.04 mg AAE/g). Separation and characterization of phenolics were conducted using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. A total of 97 phenolics were tentatively characterized from rejected SunGold (71 phenolics), Hayward (55 phenolics), and round organic Hayward (9 phenolics). Hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonols were the most common phenolics characterized in the three samples. The quantitative analysis was conducted by HPLC-PDA and found that chlorogenic acid (23.98 ± 0.95 mg/g), catechin (23.24 ± 1.16 mg/g), and quercetin (24.59 ± 1.23 mg/g) were the most abundant phenolics present in the rejected kiwifruit samples. The notable presence of phenolic compounds and their corresponding antioxidant capacities indicate the potential value of rescuing rejected kiwifruit for further utilization and commercial exploitation.
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12
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Abstract
Apples (Malus domestica) are one of the most widely grown and consumed fruits in the world that contain abundant phenolic compounds that possess remarkable antioxidant potential. The current study characterised phenolic compounds from five different varieties of Australian grown apples (Royal Gala, Pink Lady, Red Delicious, Fuji and Smitten) using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and quantified through HPLC-PDA. The phenolic content and antioxidant potential were determined using various assays. Red Delicious had the highest total phenolic (121.78 ± 3.45 mg/g fw) and total flavonoid content (101.23 ± 3.75 mg/g fw) among the five apple samples. In LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis, a total of 97 different phenolic compounds were characterised in five apple samples, including Royal Gala (37), Pink Lady (54), Red Delicious (17), Fuji (67) and Smitten (46). In the HPLC quantification, phenolic acid (chlorogenic acid, 15.69 ± 0.09 mg/g fw) and flavonoid (quercetin, 18.96 ± 0.08 mg/g fw) were most abundant in Royal Gala. The obtained results highlight the importance of Australian apple varieties as a rich source of functional compounds with potential bioactivity.
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Yue J, Zuo Z, Huang H, Wang Y. Application of Identification and Evaluation Techniques for Ethnobotanical Medicinal Plant of Genus Panax: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:373-398. [PMID: 32166968 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1736506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Genus Panax, as worldwide medicinal plants, has a medical history for thousands of years. Most of the entire genus are traditional ethnobotanical medicine in China, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and Laos, which have given rise to international attention and use. This paper reviewed more than 210 articles and related books on the research of Panax medicinal plants and their Chinese patent medicines published in the last 30 years. The purpose was to review and summarize the species classification, geographical distribution, and ethnic minorities medicinal records of the genus Panax, and further to review the analytical tools and data analysis methods for the authentication and quality assessment of Panax medicinal materials and Chinese patent medicines. Five main technologies applied in the identification and evaluation of Panax have been introduced and summarized. Chromatography was the most widely used one. Further research and development of molecular identification technology had the potential to become a mainstream identification technology. In addition, some novel, controversial, and worthy methods including electronic noses, electronic eyes, and DNA barcoding were also introduced. At the same time, more than 80% of the researches were carried out by a combination of chemometric pattern-recognition technologies and multi-analysis technologies. All the technologies and methods applied can provide strong support and guarantee for the identification and evaluation of genus Panax, and also conduce to excellent reference value for the development and in-depth research of new technologies in Panax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Yue
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China.,College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhitian Zuo
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Hengyu Huang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanzhong Wang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
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14
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Pang HQ, An HM, Yang H, Wu SQ, Fan JL, Mi L, Wang H, Li P, Gao W. Comprehensive chemical profiling of Yindan Xinnaotong soft capsule and its neuroprotective activity evaluation in vitro. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1601:288-299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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15
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Liu X, Jiang W, Su M, Sun Y, Liu H, Nie L, Zang H. Quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicines based on fingerprinting. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:6-17. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesShandong University Jinan P. R. China
| | - Wenwen Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesShandong University Jinan P. R. China
| | - Mei Su
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesShandong University Jinan P. R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesShandong University Jinan P. R. China
| | - Hongming Liu
- Zibo Institute for Food and Drug Control Zibo P. R. China
| | - Lei Nie
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesShandong University Jinan P. R. China
| | - Hengchang Zang
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesShandong University Jinan P. R. China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center Jinan P. R. China
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16
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Quantitative Analysis and Chromatographic Fingerprinting of WeiChangShu Tablet Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Combined with Chemometric Methods. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3553-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Li Y, Geng L, Liu Y, Chen M, Mu Q, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Ren G, Liu C. Identification of three Daphne species by DNA barcoding and HPLC fingerprint analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201711. [PMID: 30071090 PMCID: PMC6072044 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to well identify the 93 wild Cortex Daphnes samples from different species and habitats in western China and develop a standard operating procedure (SOP) for the authentication and quality of them in the future, a comprehensive and efficient identification system based on DNA barcoding and HPLC fingerprint technologies has been developed. The result showed that only 17 samples (18%) were Daphne giraldii Nitsche (DG), which is recorded in Chinese Pharmacopeia, while the others (82%) might have safety hazards. Additionally, the result of HPLC fingerprint analysis indicated that samples in the same species origins and wild distributions could be clustered together, which was consistent with DNA barcoding analysis. The study can provide a significant system for the authentication and quality of commercial Cortex Daphnes herbs. Undoubtedly, this study undoubtedly confirmed that the chemical compositions of Cortex Daphnes herbs were affected by both species origins and ecological environments, which is required more in-depth research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Li
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lu Geng
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yuanyan Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Mingyang Chen
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qirui Mu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., of Qinhuangdao Shanhai Pass, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Zhongyi Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., of Qinhuangdao Shanhai Pass, Qinhuangdao, Hebei Province, PR China
| | - Guangxi Ren
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, PR China
- * E-mail:
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18
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Zhang Y, Wang C, Yang F, Yang Z, Wang F, Sun G. UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS analysis, antioxidant activity combined fingerprints for quality consistency evaluation of compound liquorice tablets. RSC Adv 2018; 8:27661-27673. [PMID: 35542699 PMCID: PMC9084299 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02431f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM)/herbal medicines (HM) are too complicated to comprehensively investigate their quality consistency effectively with a single detection technique. Hence, finding an effective, rapid, and comprehensive quality control (QC) method is of great importance for guaranteeing the safety and efficacy of TCM/HM in clinical applications. In our current research, a novel strategy of multi-wavelength fusion HPLC fingerprints and ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopic fingerprinting was proposed and successfully applied to monitor the quality consistency of compound liquorice tablets (CLT). The quality grades of 35 CLT samples from two manufacturers were successfully discriminated and evaluated by the averaged linear quantified fingerprint method (ALQFM) from a qualitative and quantitative perspective. The results showed that the UV spectroscopic fingerprints agreed well with the multi-wavelength fusion HPLC fingerprints. In addition, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS) was applied to investigate the chemical constituents in CLT samples, providing an important chemical structural foundation for further QC and bioactivity studies. Additionally, a simple flow injection analysis (FIA) was developed to investigate the antioxidant capacity in CLT, which was based on the scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals by antioxidants. Furthermore, the fingerprint-efficacy relationship between high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints and the antioxidant activities of CLT samples was established utilizing orthogonal projection to latent structures (OPLS). In conclusion, this study indicated that integrating UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS, UV spectroscopic fingerprints, and multi-wavelength fusion HPLC fingerprints coupled with the antioxidant activities reported could give important clues for further pharmacological and clinical studies of CLT. Meanwhile, it provides a practical strategy for the rapid screening and identifying of TCM/HM quality consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University 103 Wenhua Road Shenyang Liaoning 110016 P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang Liaoning P. R. China
| | - Fangliang Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University 103 Wenhua Road Shenyang Liaoning 110016 P. R. China
| | - Zhe Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University 103 Wenhua Road Shenyang Liaoning 110016 P. R. China
| | - Fangren Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University 103 Wenhua Road Shenyang Liaoning 110016 P. R. China
| | - Guoxiang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University 103 Wenhua Road Shenyang Liaoning 110016 P. R. China
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19
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Gong L, Xu H, Yuan H, Wang L, Yin X, Fan M, Cheng L, Ma X, Liang R, Yang H. Identification of absorbed constituents and evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of main compounds after oral administration of yindanxinnaotong by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and UPLC-QqQ-MS. RSC Adv 2018; 8:15725-15739. [PMID: 35539456 PMCID: PMC9080097 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra12659j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Yindanxinnaotong capsule (YDXNT), a traditional Chinese formula, has been used to treat cardio-cerebrovascular diseases for several decades. Previous research has focused on evaluating the pharmacological properties and main compounds of YDXNT in vitro and in vivo. However, the multiple bioactive compounds in vivo remain poorly understood. In the present research, an integrative strategy using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS combined with UPLC-QqQ-MS was employed to detect the absorbed constituents and investigate the pharmacokinetics of main compounds in the plasma after oral administration of YDXNT. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was developed to detect the absorbed constituents and their metabolites in the plasma after oral administration in rats. A total of 52 constituents, including 44 prototype compounds and 8 metabolites, were identified or tentatively characterized. Then, nine main compounds (quercetin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, ginkgolide A, ginkgolide B, ginkgolide C, bilobalide, tanshinone IIA, and salvianolic acid B) were chosen to further investigate the pharmacokinetic behavior of YDXNT using UPLC-QqQ-MS. The concentration of nine main constituents were in the range of 27.85–76.54 ng mL−1. This research provides a systematic approach for rapid qualitative analysis of absorbed constituents and for evaluating the pharmacokinetics of the main ingredients of YDXNT following its oral administration. More importantly, this work provides key information on the identification of bioactive compounds and the clarification of their action mechanisms, as well as on the pharmacological actions of YDXNT. Yindanxinnaotong capsule (YDXNT), a traditional Chinese formula, has been used to treat cardio-cerebrovascular diseases for several decades.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Gong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Science
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Haiyu Xu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Science
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Huijun Yuan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Capital Medical University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Lan Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Science
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Yin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Science
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Moqi Fan
- The first clinical medical college of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Long Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Resource Utilisation of the Chinese Herbal Medicine Ministry of Education
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
- Peking Union Medical College
- Beijing
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Science
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Rixin Liang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Science
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Science
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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20
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Ji S, He DD, Wang TY, Han J, Li Z, Du Y, Zou JH, Guo MZ, Tang DQ. Separation and characterization of chemical constituents in Ginkgo biloba extract by off-line hydrophilic interaction × reversed-phase two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 146:68-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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Zhang Y, Sun G, Hou Z, Yan B, Zhang J. Evaluation of the quality consistency of powdered poppy capsule extractive by an averagely linear-quantified fingerprint method in combination with antioxidant activities and two compounds analyses. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:4511-4520. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang P. R. China
| | - Guoxiang Sun
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang P. R. China
| | - Zhifei Hou
- Department of Pharmaceutical engineering; Hebei Chemical and Pharmaceutical College; Shijiazhuang P. R. China
| | - Bo Yan
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang P. R. China
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Chen A, Sun L, Yuan H, Wu A, Lu J, Ma S. A holistic strategy for quality and safety control of traditional Chinese medicines by the "iVarious" standard system. J Pharm Anal 2017; 7:271-279. [PMID: 29404049 PMCID: PMC5790695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
An effective quality control system is the key to ensuring the quality, safety and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). However, the current quality standard research lacks the top-design and systematic design, mostly based on specific technologies or evaluation methods. To resolve the challenges and questions of quality control of TCMs, a brand-new quality standard system, named "iVarious", was proposed. The system comprises eight elements in a modular format. Meaning of every element was specifically illustrated via corresponding research instances. Furthermore, frankincense study was taken as an example for demonstrating standards and research process, based on the "iVarious" system. This system highlighted a holistic strategy for effectiveness, security, integrity and systematization of quality and safety control standards of TCMs. The establishment of "iVarious" integrates multi-disciplinary technologies and progressive methods, basis elements and key points of standard construction. The system provides a novel idea and technological demonstration for regulation establishment of TCMs quality standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anzhen Chen
- Qingdao Institute for Food and Drug Control, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lei Sun
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
- Xinjiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Urumqi 830004, China
| | - Hang Yuan
- Qingdao Institute for Food and Drug Control, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Aiying Wu
- Qingdao Institute for Food and Drug Control, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jingguang Lu
- Qingdao Institute for Food and Drug Control, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shuangcheng Ma
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
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23
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Duan S, Qi W, Zhang S, Huang K, Yuan D. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the rapid analysis of constituents in the traditional Chinese medicine formula Wu Ji Bai Feng Pill. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:3977-3986. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Duan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Wen Qi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Siwen Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Kunkun Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
| | - Dan Yuan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University; Shenyang China
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24
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Du Y, He B, Li Q, He J, Wang D, Bi K. Identification and analysis of chemical constituents and rat serum metabolites in Suan-Zao-Ren granule using ultra high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with multiple data processing approaches. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:2914-2924. [PMID: 28544541 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Suan-Zao-Ren granule is widely used to treat insomnia in China. However, because of the complexity and diversity of the chemical compositions in traditional Chinese medicine formula, the comprehensive analysis of constituents in vitro and in vivo is rather difficult. In our study, an ultra high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and the PeakView® software, which uses multiple data processing approaches including product ion filter, neutral loss filter, and mass defect filter, method was developed to characterize the ingredients and rat serum metabolites in Suan-Zao-Ren granule. A total of 101 constituents were detected in vitro. Under the same analysis conditions, 68 constituents were characterized in rat serum, including 35 prototype components and 33 metabolites. The metabolic pathways of main components were also illustrated. Among them, the metabolic pathways of timosaponin AI were firstly revealed. The bioactive compounds mainly underwent the phase I metabolic pathways including hydroxylation, oxidation, hydrolysis, and phase II metabolic pathways including sulfate conjugation, glucuronide conjugation, cysteine conjugation, acetycysteine conjugation, and glutathione conjugation. In conclusion, our results showed that this analysis approach was extremely useful for the in-depth pharmacological research of Suan-Zao-Ren granule and provided a chemical basis for its rational.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Du
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bosai He
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiao He
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Di Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,National and Local United Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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25
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Li X, Du F, Jia W, Olaleye OE, Xu F, Wang F, Li L. Simultaneous determination of eight Danshen polyphenols in rat plasma and its application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study of DanHong injection and Danshen injection. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:1470-1481. [PMID: 28139096 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols derived from Danshen are responsible for the therapeutic effects of DanHong injection, a two-herb combination of Danshen and Honghua. Whether the pharmacokinetics of Danshen polyphenols is changed by coexisting Honghua constituents remains unknown. A sensitive ultra high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed in this study for simultaneous determination of eight Danshen polyphenols (i.e., protocatechuic aldehyde, protocatechuic acid, tanshinol, salvianolic acid D, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid A, lithospermic acid, and salvianolic acid B) in rat plasma and applied to a comparative pharmacokinetic study of DanHong injection and Danshen injection. Liquid chromatography conditions, mass spectrometry parameters, and sample preparation were optimized step by step. The calibration curves showed good linearity (r > 0.99) for all the polyphenols. The mean extraction efficiencies ranged from 62.2 to 88.7% with negligible matrix effects. The intrabatch and interbatch precision at all the quality control levels were less than 15% of the nominal concentrations with accuracy of 88.8-114%, except that precision and accuracy at lower limit of quantitation were 3.2-17.3 and 95.7-119%, respectively. Comparative pharmacokinetic study suggested that the coexisting Honghua constituents might have negligible influences on the pharmacokinetics of Danshen polyphenols from DanHong injection. The bioanalytical method could also be applied to pharmacokinetic studies of other Danshen herbal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China.,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Feifei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Olajide E Olaleye
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Fang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Fengqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
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26
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The polyphenolics and carbohydrates as indicators of botanical and geographical origin of Serbian autochthonous clones of red spice paprika. Food Chem 2017; 217:705-715. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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27
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The Clinical Efficacy of Yindanxinnaotong Soft Capsule in the Treatment of Stroke and Angina Pectoris: A Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:2060549. [PMID: 28539962 PMCID: PMC5429936 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2060549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of Yindanxinnaotong (YD) soft capsule in adult patients with cardiovascular diseases (stroke and angina pectoris). Methods. We electronically searched databases including Medline, PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Cqvip Database (VIP), and Wanfang Database for published articles of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of YD capsule in treating stroke and angina pectoris. The meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results. 49 RCTs involving 6195 subjects with cardiovascular diseases (angina pectoris and stroke) were included. Compared with western conventional medicine (WCM) and/or other Chinese medicines, YD plus WCM therapeutic regimen could significantly improve the efficacy rate (RR = 1.21, 95% CI (1.17, 1.25), P < 0.00001 for angina pectoris, RR = 1.24, 95% CI (1.18, 1.31), P < 0.00001 for stroke), showing the clinical value. In addition, the therapeutic efficiency of WCM plus YD capsule regimen is better than that of WCM alone in improving CRP (MD = −2.07, 95% CI (−3.97, −0.17), P = 0.03 <0.05) and TG (MD = −0.37, 95% CI (−0.52, −0.23), P < 0.0001). Conclusion. YD is effective in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases (angina pectoris and stroke) in adults, and WCM plus YD therapeutic regimen can significantly improve the effective rate in the clinic.
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28
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Tao L, Zhang Q, Wu Y, Liu X. Quality evaluation of moluodan concentrated pill using high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprinting coupled with chemometrics. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:4673-4680. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Tao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Qing Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Yongjiang Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
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29
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Xia P, Bai Z, Liang T, Yang D, Liang Z, Yan X, Liu Y. High-performance liquid chromatography based chemical fingerprint analysis and chemometric approaches for the identification and distinction of three endangeredPanaxplants in Southeast Asia. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:3880-3888. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pengguo Xia
- Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Hangzhou
| | - Zhenqing Bai
- Shaanxi Research Center of TCM Fingerprint and NP Library, College of Life Sciences; Northwest A&F University; Yangling Yangling China
| | - Tongyao Liang
- Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Hangzhou
| | - Dongfeng Yang
- Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Hangzhou
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Hangzhou
- Shaanxi Research Center of TCM Fingerprint and NP Library, College of Life Sciences; Northwest A&F University; Yangling Yangling China
| | - Xijun Yan
- Tianjin Tasly Modern TCM Resources Co. Ltd; Tianjin China
| | - Yan Liu
- Tianjin Tasly Modern TCM Resources Co. Ltd; Tianjin China
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30
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Gao H, Sun W, Zhao J, Wu X, Lu JJ, Chen X, Xu QM, Khan IA, Yang S. Tanshinones and diethyl blechnics with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen). Sci Rep 2016; 6:33720. [PMID: 27666387 PMCID: PMC5036060 DOI: 10.1038/srep33720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Four novel compounds (1-4) as well as fourteen reported compounds (5-18) were isolated and purified from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen). The structures of novel compounds were determined by 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS data, etc. The anti-inflammatory properties of all the compounds on RAW264.7 macrophages and their cytotoxicity on H1299 and Bel-7402 cell lines coupled with a structure-activity relationship (SAR) were investigated. Compound 4 demonstrated the best anti-inflammatory activity and was chosen for further research. Compound 4 greatly suppressed secretion of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated by LPS. Additionally, the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was decreased and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB was attenuated after treatment with compound 4 in vitro. Compound 4 was able to dramatically inhibit LPS-induced activation of JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 and remarkably disrupted the TLR4 dimerization in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Thus, the new compound 4 suppressed LPS-induced inflammation partially is due to the blocking TLR4 dimerization. In addition, the anti-cancer activity investigation indicated that most of isolated compounds exhibited cytotoxicity and the SAR analysis showed that the intact D ring was indispensable and unsaturated D ring played vital role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jianping Zhao
- National Center for Natural Products Research, and Department of Pharmacognosy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Xiaxia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Jin-Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Qiong-ming Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, SooChow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ikhlas A. Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, and Department of Pharmacognosy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Mississippi 38677, USA
| | - Shilin Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, SooChow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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31
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Xu H, Niu H, He B, Cui C, Li Q, Bi K. Comprehensive Qualitative Ingredient Profiling of Chinese Herbal Formula Wu-Zhu-Yu Decoction via a Mass Defect and Fragment Filtering Approach Using High Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21050664. [PMID: 27213316 PMCID: PMC6273025 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21050664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wu-Zhu-Yu decoction is a traditional Chinese medicine formula for the treatment of headache. To reveal its material basis, a rapid and reliable liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry method was established for comprehensive profiling of the chemical ingredients in the Wu-Zhu-Yu decoction. The method was used on a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer along with an advanced data processing procedure consisting of mass accuracy screening, mass defect filtering and fragment filtering. After eliminating interference with a filtering approach, the MS data profiling was made more distinct and accurate. With the optimized conditions of only 35 min LC separation and single sample injection of each positive or negative ion mode, a total of 168 compounds were characterized, including 23 evodiamine and its analogous alkaloids, 12 limonoids, 17 gingerols, 38 ginsenosides, 15 flavonoids, 16 organic acids, 14 alkaloids, 5 saponins, 3 2,2-dimethylchromenes and 25 other compounds. The fragmentation patterns of representative compounds were illustrated as well. Integrative qualitative analysis of the Wu-Zhu-Yu decoction by high resolution mass spectrometry was accomplished and reported for the first time. The study demonstrated that the established method was a powerful and reliable strategy for comprehensive detection and would be widely applicable for identification of complicated components from herbal prescriptions, and may provide a basis for chemical analysis of other complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huarong Xu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Huibin Niu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Bosai He
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Chang Cui
- Liaoning Institute of Analytical Science, 103 Wanliutang Rd., Shenyang 110015, China.
| | - Qing Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Kaishun Bi
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Technology of Chinese Material Medica Quality Control, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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