1
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Sessa L, Diana R, Gentile FS, Mazzaglia F, Panunzi B. AIEgen orthopalladated hybrid polymers for efficient inactivation of the total coliforms in urban wastewater. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15790. [PMID: 37737240 PMCID: PMC10516893 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41315-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Monitorable AIE polymers with a bioactive pattern are employed in advanced biomedical applications such as functional coatings, theranostic probes, and implants. After the global COVID-19 pandemic, interest in developing surfaces with superior antimicrobial, antiproliferative, and antiviral activities dramatically increased. Many formulations for biocide surfaces are based on hybrid organic/inorganic materials. Palladium (II) complexes display relevant activity against common bacteria, even higher when compared to their uncoordinated ligands. This article reports the design and synthesis of two series of orthopalladated polymers obtained by grafting a cyclopalladated fragment on two different O, N chelating Schiff base polymers. Different grafting percentages were examined and compared for each organic polymer. The fluorescence emission in the solid state was explored on organic matrixes and grafted polymers. DFT analysis provided a rationale for the role of the coordination core. The antibacterial response of the two series of hybrid polymers was tested against the total coliform group of untreated urban wastewater, revealing excellent inactivation ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Sessa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Rosita Diana
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, NA, Italy.
| | - Francesco Silvio Gentile
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Strada Comunale Cinthia, 26, 80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Fabio Mazzaglia
- C.R.A. S.R.L., Calle Giovanni Legrenzi, 2, 30171, Venice, VE, Italy
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, NA, Italy
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2
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Diana R, Caruso U, Gentile FS, Di Costanzo L, Musto P, Panunzi B. Thermo-Induced Fluorochromism in Two AIE Zinc Complexes: A Deep Insight into the Structure-Property Relationship. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082551. [PMID: 35458748 PMCID: PMC9025698 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid-state emitters exhibiting mechano-fluorochromic or thermo-fluorochromic responses represent the foundation of smart tools for novel technological applications. Among fluorochromic (FC) materials, solid-state emissive coordination complexes offer a variety of fluorescence responses related to the dynamic of noncovalent metal-ligand coordination bonds. Relevant FC behaviour can result from the targeted choice of metal cation and ligands. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of two different colour emitters consisting of zinc complexes obtained from N,O bidentate ligands with different electron-withdrawing substituents. The two complexes are blue and orange solid-state fluorophores, respectively, highly responsive to thermal and mechanical stress. These emitters show a very different photoluminescent (PL) pattern as recorded before and after the annealing treatment. Through X-ray structural analysis combined with thermal analysis, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, PL, and DFT simulation we provide a comprehensive analysis of the structural feature involved in the fluorochromic response. Notably, we were able to correlate the on-off thermo-fluorochromism of the complexes with the structural rearrangement at the zinc coordination core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Diana
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy; (R.D.); (L.D.C.)
| | - Ugo Caruso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Strada Comunale Cinthia, 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (U.C.); (F.S.G.)
| | - Francesco Silvio Gentile
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Strada Comunale Cinthia, 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (U.C.); (F.S.G.)
| | - Luigi Di Costanzo
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy; (R.D.); (L.D.C.)
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Institute on Polymers Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy; (R.D.); (L.D.C.)
- Correspondence:
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3
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Diana R, Caruso U, Di Costanzo L, Concilio S, Piotto S, Sessa L, Panunzi B. A Water Soluble 2-Phenyl-5-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole Based Probe: Antimicrobial Activity and Colorimetric/Fluorescence pH Response. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061824. [PMID: 35335188 PMCID: PMC8952330 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing demand of responsive tools for biological and biomedical applications pushes towards new low-cost probes easy to synthesize and versatile. Current optical probes are theranostic tools simultaneously responsive to biological parameters/analyte and therapeutically operating. Among the optical methods for pH monitoring, simple small organic molecules including multifunctional probes for simultaneous biological activity being highly desired by scientists and technicians. Here, we present a novel pH-responsive probe with a three-ring heteroaromatic pattern and a flexible cationic chain. The novel molecule shows real-time naked-eye colorimetric and fluorescence response in the slightly acidic pH range besides its excellent solubility both in the organic phase and in water. In addition, the small probe shows significant antibacterial activity, particularly against Escherichia coli. Single-crystal X-ray study and density functional theory (DFT) calculations rationalize the molecule spectroscopic response. Finally, molecular dynamics (MD) elucidate the interactions between the probe and a model cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Diana
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.D.); (L.D.C.); (B.P.)
| | - Ugo Caruso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Strada Comunale Cinthia, 26, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Luigi Di Costanzo
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.D.); (L.D.C.); (B.P.)
| | - Simona Concilio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (S.C.); (S.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Stefano Piotto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (S.C.); (S.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Lucia Sessa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (S.C.); (S.P.); (L.S.)
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agriculture, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.D.); (L.D.C.); (B.P.)
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Diana R, Caruso U, Gentile FS, Di Costanzo L, Panunzi B. A Novel L-Shaped Fluorescent Probe for AIE Sensing of Zinc (II) Ion by a DR/NIR Response. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237347. [PMID: 34885935 PMCID: PMC8658931 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of optical sensors, small molecules responsive to metal cations are of current interest. Probes displaying aggregation-induced emission (AIE) can solve the problems due to the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) molecules, scarcely emissive as aggregates in aqueous media and in tissues. The addition of a metal cation to an AIE ligand dissolved in solution can cause a "turn-on" of the fluorescence emission. Half-cruciform-shaped molecules can be a winning strategy to build specific AIE probes. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel L-shaped fluorophore containing a benzofuran core condensed with 3-hydroxy-2-naphthaldehyde crossed with a nitrobenzene moiety. The novel AIE probe produces a fast colorimetric and fluorescence response toward zinc (II) in both in neutral and basic conditions. Acting as a tridentate ligand, it produces a complex with enhanced and red-shifted emission in the DR/NIR spectral range. The AIE nature of both compounds was examined on the basis of X-ray crystallography and DFT analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Diana
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.D.); (L.D.C.)
| | - Ugo Caruso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (U.C.); (F.S.G.)
| | - Francesco Silvio Gentile
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (U.C.); (F.S.G.)
| | - Luigi Di Costanzo
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.D.); (L.D.C.)
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.D.); (L.D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-674-170
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Diana R, Caruso U, Panunzi B. Stimuli-Responsive Zinc (II) Coordination Polymers: A Novel Platform for Supramolecular Chromic Smart Tools. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3712. [PMID: 34771269 PMCID: PMC8588226 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique role of the zinc (II) cation prompted us to cut a cross-section of the large and complex topic of the stimuli-responsive coordination polymers (CPs). Due to its flexible coordination environment and geometries, easiness of coordination-decoordination equilibria, "optically innocent" ability to "clip" the ligands in emissive architectures, non-toxicity and sustainability, the zinc (II) cation is a good candidate for building supramolecular smart tools. The review summarizes the recent achievements of zinc-based CPs as stimuli-responsive materials able to provide a chromic response. An overview of the past five years has been organised, encompassing 1, 2 and 3D responsive zinc-based CPs; specifically zinc-based metallorganic frameworks and zinc-based nanosized polymeric probes. The most relevant examples were collected following a consequential and progressive approach, referring to the structure-responsiveness relationship, the sensing mechanisms, the analytes and/or parameters detected. Finally, applications of highly bioengineered Zn-CPs for advanced imaging technique have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Diana
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Ugo Caruso
- Department of Chemical Science, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy;
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6
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Diana R, Panunzi B. The Role of Zinc(II) Ion in Fluorescence Tuning of Tridentate Pincers: A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25214984. [PMID: 33126503 PMCID: PMC7662684 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tridentate ligands are simple low-cost pincers, easy to synthetize, and able to guarantee stability to the derived complexes. On the other hand, due to its unique mix of structural and optical properties, zinc(II) ion is an excellent candidate to modulate the emission pattern as desired. The present work is an overview of selected articles about zinc(II) complexes showing a tuned fluorescence response with respect to their tridentate ligands. A classification of the tridentate pincers was carried out according to the binding donor atom groups, specifically nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur donor atoms, and depending on the structure obtained upon coordination. Fluorescence properties of the ligands and the related complexes were compared and discussed both in solution and in the solid state, keeping an eye on possible applications.
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7
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Fusco S, Parisi E, Volino S, Manfredi C, Centore R. Redox and Emission Properties of Triazolo-Triazole Derivatives and Copper(II) Complexes. J SOLUTION CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-020-00975-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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8
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Diana R, Panunzi B, Caruso U. Two Novel π -Conjugated Fluorophores for Dye-Doped LC On-Off Photoluminescence Switching. LETT ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1570178616666191104094527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Among various classes of Photoluminescent (PL) compounds, soft-matter based materials in
which chromophores are embedded in a Liquid-Crystal (LC) host polymer prove to be very attractive
in the production of flexible panels and on-off temperature switches. Actually, the obtainment of low
cost, easily synthesizable, and stable organic molecules soluble in the LC matrix is a challenge for both
scholars and technologists. Here we describe the synthesis of two new emissive dyes based on a dicyanophenylenevinylene
and on a bis-azobenzene core whose PL properties were investigated as neat solids, in
solution, and in particular in a dye-doped LC nematic polymer often employed in PDLC applications.
1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy allow the characterization of all compounds Their thermotropic liquid-
crystalline (LC) properties were examined by differential scanning calorimetry and polarizing optical
microscopy. Photoluminescence properties were characterized by fluorescence spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Diana
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici NA, Italy
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici NA, Italy
| | - Ugo Caruso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
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9
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Abstract
We developed a new benzodifuran derivative as the condensation product between 2,6-diamino-4-(4-nitrophenyl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]difuran-3,7-dicarboxylate and 3-hydroxy-2-naphthaldehyde. The intramolecular hydrogen-bond interactions in the terminal half-salen moieties produce a sterically encumbered highly conjugated main plane and a D-A-D (donor-acceptor-donor) T-shaped structure. The novel AIEgen (aggregation-induced enhanced emission generator) fulfils the requirement of RIR (restriction of intramolecular rotation) molecules. DR/NIR (deep red/near infrared) emission was recorded in solution and in the solid state, with a noteworthy photoluminescence quantum yield recorded on the neat crystals which undergo some mechanochromism. The crystal structure study of the probe from data collected at a synchrotron X-ray source shows a main aromatic plane π-stacked in a columnar arrangement.
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Caruso U, Diana R, Tuzi A, Panunzi B. Novel Solid-State Emissive Polymers and Polymeric Blends from a T-Shaped Benzodifuran Scaffold: A Comparative Study. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030718. [PMID: 32213844 PMCID: PMC7183281 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two novel polyimines were synthesized from a benzodifuran based diamino monomer and two dialdehydes bearing bulky groups and a flexible spacer. The polymers display tuned luminescence performance according to the presence of half-salen groups. The effect of the intramolecular bond on the emission properties were examined. Two model compounds, replicating the same emissive Schiff base cores, were synthetized. From the models, dye-doped blends in the fluorophore/matrix ratio, resembling the polymers, were produced. Amorphous thin films of the covalent polymers and the polymeric blends were obtained by spin-coating technique. The Photoluminescent (PL) response of the different macromolecular systems were qualitatively and quantitatively examined and compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Caruso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (U.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Rosita Diana
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici NA, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-674170
| | - Angela Tuzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (U.C.); (A.T.)
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici NA, Italy;
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Diana R, Caruso U, Piotto S, Concilio S, Shikler R, Panunzi B. Spectroscopic Behaviour of Two Novel Azobenzene Fluorescent Dyes and Their Polymeric Blends. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061368. [PMID: 32192178 PMCID: PMC7144390 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Two novel symmetrical bis-azobenzene red dyes ending with electron-withdrawing or donor groups were synthesized. Both chromophores display good solubility, excellent chemical, and thermal stability. The two dyes are fluorescent in solution and in the solid-state. The spectroscopic properties of the neat crystalline solids were compared with those of doped blends of different amorphous matrixes. Blends of non-conductive and of emissive and conductive host polymers were formed to evaluate the potential of the azo dyes as pigments and as fluorophores. Both in absorbance and emission, the doped thin layers have CIE coordinates in the spectral region from yellow to red. The fluorescence quantum yield measured for the brightest emissive blend reaches 57%, a remarkable performance for a steadily fluorescent azo dye. A DFT approach was employed to examine the frontier orbitals of the two dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Diana
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, NA 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.D.); (B.P.)
| | - Ugo Caruso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-674366
| | - Stefano Piotto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, SA 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Simona Concilio
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, SA 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Rafi Shikler
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653 Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel;
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, NA 80055 Portici, Italy; (R.D.); (B.P.)
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Diana R, Panunzi B, De Simone B, Borbone F, Tuzi A, Caruso U. RGB emission of three charged O,N,O-chelate zinc (II) complexes in pyridine solution. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.107763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
A new 5-(4-((2-(benzothiazole-2-carbonyl)hydrazono)methyl)-3-hydroxyphenoxy)-N,N,N-trimethylpentan-1-aminium bromide (BTABr) fluorescent and colorimetric pH probe was easily synthesized by the condensation reaction of benzothiazole-2-carbohydrazide with 5-(4-formyl-3-hydroxyphenoxy)-N,N,N-trimethylpentan-1-aminium bromide. The benzothiazole moiety provided the emissive part of the molecule and the charged trimethyl amino group guaranteed outstanding solubility in water, for an organic molecule. pH titration experiments indicated that the probe is useful for monitoring acidic and alkaline solutions, turning reversibly in color/fluorescence just at a neutral pH value. Naked-eye colorimetric response was observed both in solution and in the solid state. In addition, the probe showed high stability and selectivity and large Stokes shifts. Because of these features, BTABr can potentially work as an on-off real-time pH sensor for intracellular pH imaging. The crystal structure of BTABr examined by single-crystal analysis showed a planar geometry of the molecule and confirmed the presence of a molecular stacking between molecules joined in a complex tridimensional hydrogen bonding pattern.
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Solid-state fluorescence of two zinc coordination polymers from bulky dicyano-phenylenevinylene and bis-azobenzene cores. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.107602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Diana R, Panunzi B, Marrafino F, Piotto S, Caruso U. Novel Dicyano-Phenylenevinylene Fluorophores for Low-Doped Layers: A Highly Emissive Material for Red OLEDs. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1751. [PMID: 31731406 PMCID: PMC6918329 DOI: 10.3390/polym11111751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two efficient deep red (DR)-emitting organic dicyano-phenylenevinylene derivatives with terminal withdrawing or donor groups were synthesized. The spectroscopic properties of the neat solids and the low-doped layers in polystyrene or polyvinylcarbazole host matrixes were analyzed, and the luminescence performance was explained using density functional theory (DFT) analysis. A noteworthy 89% fluorescence quantum yield was observed for the brightest red-emissive polyvinylcarbazole (PVK) blend. This result pushed us to successfully produce an emissive red organic light-emitting device (OLED) as a preliminary feasibility test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Diana
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Francesco Marrafino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Stefano Piotto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy; (F.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Ugo Caruso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
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An Amphiphilic Pyridinoyl-hydrazone Probe for Colorimetric and Fluorescence pH Sensing. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213833. [PMID: 31652986 PMCID: PMC6864485 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A new pH sensor based on a substituted aroylhydrazide with a flexible side chain and a terminal trimethyl ammonium group (PHA+) was designed and synthesized. The terminal quaternary ammonium guarantees excellent solubility in water. At the same time, the probe is very soluble in hydrophobic envirornments. The pyridinoyl-hydrazone moiety acts as the pH-sensitive fluorophore/chromophore probe. Extensive physicochemical characterization has been performed on the bromide salt PHABr. DFT calculations, based on single-crystal X-ray data, permitted to rationalize the optical behavior. Molecular dynamics simulations permitted to clarify the mode of interaction with lipid membrane. The ability of the probe to change color and fluorescence in response to different pH and media of different polarity has been investigated. PHABr shows a remarkable pH-dependent behavior in both absorption and fluorescence spectra with high sensitivity and strong on-off switch effect at neutral pH, perceptible even to the naked eye.
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18
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Panunzi B, Diana R, Caruso U. A Highly Efficient White Luminescent Zinc (II) Based Metallopolymer by RGB Approach. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1712. [PMID: 31635279 PMCID: PMC6835976 DOI: 10.3390/polym11101712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three aryl-hydrazone O,N,O tridentate ligands with a different electron-withdrawing substituent were prepared. The introduction of a flexible charged chain in the ligands guaranteed solubility in many organic solvents and in water. The increasing withdrawing aptitude of the substituents red-shifted the emission in the correspondent metallopolymers. The metallated polymers were obtained by grafting ligand-zinc (II) coordination fragments onto commercial poly-(4-vinylpyridine). Metallopolymers thin films exhibited red, green and blue emission colors defined by Commission Internationale d'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates and medium to excellent photoluminescence (PL) quantum yields (PLQYs) comparable with other highly-performing active materials for Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs). By grafting a suitable mix of the three different coordination pendants, an efficient single-component white emissive metallopolymer with CIE (0.30, 0.31) was prepared. Thanks to the charged moiety, the polymers resulted miscible with an ionic liquid. The addition produced homogeneous polymeric layers with unaltered PL performances, potentially employable in Light-emitting Electrochemical Cells (LECs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici NA, Italy.
| | - Rosita Diana
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici NA, Italy.
| | - Ugo Caruso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
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The Effect of Bulky Substituents on Two π-Conjugated Mesogenic Fluorophores. Their Organic Polymers and Zinc-Bridged Luminescent Networks. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11091379. [PMID: 31443464 PMCID: PMC6780212 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
From a dicyano-phenylenevinylene (PV) and an azobenzene (AB) skeleton, two new symmetrical salen dyes were obtained. Terminal bulky substituents able to reduce intermolecular interactions and flexible tails to guarantee solubility were added to the fluorogenic cores. Photochemical performances were investigated on the small molecules in solution, as neat crystals and as dopants in polymeric matrixes. High fluorescence quantum yield in the orange-red region was observed for the brightest emissive films (88% yield). The spectra of absorption and fluorescence were predicted by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The predicted energy levels of the frontier orbitals are in good agreement with voltammetry and molecular spectroscopy measures. Employing the two dyes as dopants of a nematic polymer led to remarkable orange or yellow luminescence, which dramatically decreases in on-off switch mode after liquid crystal (LC) order was lost. The fluorogenic cores were also embedded in organic polymers and self-assembly zinc coordination networks to transfer the emission properties to a macro-system. The final polymers emit from red to yellow both in solution and in the solid state and their photoluminescence (PL) performance are, in some cases, enhanced when compared to the fluorogenic cores.
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Diana R, Panunzi B, Shikler R, Nabha S, Caruso U. Highly efficient dicyano-phenylenevinylene fluorophore as polymer dopant or zinc-driven self-assembling building block. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Caruso U, Panunzi B, Diana R, Concilio S, Sessa L, Shikler R, Nabha S, Tuzi A, Piotto S. AIE/ACQ Effects in Two DR/NIR Emitters: A Structural and DFT Comparative Analysis. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23081947. [PMID: 30081544 PMCID: PMC6222639 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and of aggregation caused quenching (ACQ) were observed and discussed on two solid materials based on a phenylenevinylene (PV) and a dicyano-PV structure. The brightest emitter in solid films shows a high fluorescence quantum yield in the deep red/near IR (DR/NIR) region (75%). The spectroscopic properties of the two crystalline solids have been described and compared in terms of crystallographic data and time dependent DFT analysis. The influence of the cyano-substituents on AIE/ACQ mechanism activation was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugo Caruso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, Portici 80055 Portici NA, Italy.
| | - Rosita Diana
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Simona Concilio
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano 84084 SA, Italy.
| | - Lucia Sessa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano 84084 SA, Italy.
| | - Rafi Shikler
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
| | - Shiran Nabha
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
| | - Angela Tuzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy.
| | - Stefano Piotto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano 84084 SA, Italy.
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Diana R, Caruso U, Concilio S, Piotto S, Tuzi A, Panunzi B. Data on a real-time tripodal colorimetric/fluorescence sensor for multiple target metal ions. Data Brief 2018; 19:2119-2125. [PMID: 30229089 PMCID: PMC6141418 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.06.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently considerable research both in life and in environmental sciences is dedicated to chemosensors able to detect metals of biological interest such as zinc and iron or other toxic and carcinogenic, as cadmium, mercury, chromium, lead. Recently, a new chemosensor strategy of "single chemosensor for multiple metals" has emerged. For this scope, many fluorescent sensors for Cd(II) and Zn(II) have been designed and synthetized, as ligand systems or in polymeric matrices [1], [2], [3]. The data presented in this article include experimental data on the of a pyridyl/phenolic/benzothiazole functionalized colorimetric receptor (BPAP) and its selectively recognise Fe(III) and Fe(II) ions with visible, naked eye colour changes and fluorometric selectivity towards Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions in aqueous medium. This article is submitted as a companion paper to Caruso et al. (2018) [4].
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosita Diana
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ugo Caruso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Simona Concilio
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Stefano Piotto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Angela Tuzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, via Università 100, 80055 Portici, NA, Italy
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Panunzi B, Concilio S, Diana R, Shikler R, Nabha S, Piotto S, Sessa L, Tuzi A, Caruso U. Photophysical Properties of Luminescent Zinc(II)-Pyridinyloxadiazole Complexes and their Glassy Self-Assembly Networks. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Panunzi
- Department of Agriculture; University of Napoli Federico II; Via Università 100 80055 Portici NA Italy
| | - Simona Concilio
- Department of Industrial Engineering; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Rosita Diana
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Napoli Federico II; Via Cintia 80126 Napoli Italy
| | - Rafi Shikler
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; POB 653 84105 Beer-Sheva Israel
| | - Shiran Nabha
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; POB 653 84105 Beer-Sheva Israel
| | - Stefano Piotto
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Lucia Sessa
- Department of Pharmacy; University of Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Angela Tuzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Napoli Federico II; Via Cintia 80126 Napoli Italy
| | - Ugo Caruso
- Department of Chemical Sciences; University of Napoli Federico II; Via Cintia 80126 Napoli Italy
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Yang T, Feng W, Hu C, Lv Z, Wei H, Jiang J, Liu S, Zhao Q. Manganese porphyrin-incorporated conjugated polymer nanoparticles for T1-enhanced magnetic resonance and fluorescent imaging. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Borbone F, Caruso U, Concilio S, Nabha S, Piotto S, Shikler R, Tuzi A, Panunzi B. From cadmium(II)-aroylhydrazone complexes to metallopolymers with enhanced photoluminescence. A structural and DFT study. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Mono-, Di-, and Polymeric Pyridinoylhydrazone ZnIIComplexes: Structure and Photoluminescent Properties. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Zhao Y, He L, Qin S, Tao GH. Tunable luminescence of lanthanide (Ln = Sm, Eu, Tb) hydrophilic ionic polymers based on poly(N-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium-co-styrene) cations. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01472k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophilic luminescent lanthanide-containing ionic polymers poly-[MVPS]2[Ln(NO3)5] were prepared, which can be utilized as reversible colorimetric water-responsive sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Ling He
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Song Qin
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Guo-Hong Tao
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
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