1
|
Kerdiles O, Oye Mintsa Mi-mba MF, Coulombe K, Tremblay C, Émond V, Saint-Pierre M, Rouxel C, Berthiaume L, Julien P, Cicchetti F, Calon F. Additive neurorestorative effects of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid intake in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:574-586. [PMID: 38819068 PMCID: PMC11317935 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202502000-00033/figure1/v/2024-05-28T214302Z/r/image-tiff There is a need to develop interventions to slow or reverse the degeneration of dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease after diagnosis. Given that preclinical and clinical studies suggest benefits of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as docosahexaenoic acid, and exercise in Parkinson's disease, we investigated whether both could synergistically interact to induce recovery of the dopaminergic pathway. First, mice received a unilateral stereotactic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the striatum to establish an animal model of nigrostriatal denervation. Four weeks after lesion, animals were fed a docosahexaenoic acid-enriched or a control diet for the next 8 weeks. During this period, the animals had access to a running wheel, which they could use or not. Docosahexaenoic acid treatment, voluntary exercise, or the combination of both had no effect on (i) distance traveled in the open field test, (ii) the percentage of contraversive rotations in the apomorphine-induction test or (iii) the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta. However, the docosahexaenoic acid diet increased the number of tyrosine-hydroxylase-positive terminals and induced a rise in dopamine concentrations in the lesioned striatum. Compared to docosahexaenoic acid treatment or exercise alone, the combination of docosahexaenoic acid and exercise (i) improved forelimb balance in the stepping test, (ii) decreased the striatal DOPAC/dopamine ratio and (iii) led to increased dopamine transporter levels in the lesioned striatum. The present results suggest that the combination of exercise and docosahexaenoic acid may act synergistically in the striatum of mice with a unilateral lesion of the dopaminergic system and provide support for clinical trials combining nutrition and physical exercise in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Kerdiles
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, 1050 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Optinutribrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro, France; INAF, Canada), Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Méryl-Farelle Oye Mintsa Mi-mba
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, 1050 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Optinutribrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro, France; INAF, Canada), Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Katherine Coulombe
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Cyntia Tremblay
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Optinutribrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro, France; INAF, Canada), Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent Émond
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Optinutribrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro, France; INAF, Canada), Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Martine Saint-Pierre
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Clémence Rouxel
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Line Berthiaume
- Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Axe Endocrinologie et Néphrologie, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Département de Médecine, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Francesca Cicchetti
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Département de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Faculté de Médecine, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Frédéric Calon
- Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, 1050 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Axe Neuroscience, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (Pavillon CHUL), 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Quebec, QC, Canada
- Optinutribrain International Associated Laboratory (NutriNeuro, France; INAF, Canada), Quebec, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yan Y, Xu Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Huang C, Lin R, Chen M, Lin M, Li H. The effect of multi-component exercise intervention in older people with Parkinson's disease and mild cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled study. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 60:137-145. [PMID: 39244799 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
A multimodal exercise training program might be the best way to improve motor and cognitive function in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), but this has yet to be fully proven in PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This study aims to examine the feasibility and effectiveness of a theory-based, multi-component exercise intervention in older people with PD-MCI. Participants were randomized into an intervention group (n=23) and an active control group (n=23), receiving the theory-based multi-component exercise intervention and Parkinson's health exercises, respectively. All participants performed 60-minute exercise training sessions three times a week over a 12-week period. The retention rate at post-intervention was 95.7% (42/46) for the entire cohort. The attendance rates were 99.6% in the intervention group and 99.5% in the control group. No adverse events occurred. The intervention group showed significantly greater improvements than the control group in global cognitive function, executive function, physical motor function, balance and gait, depression, and quality of life. This study indicates that the theory-based multi-component exercise intervention demonstrates high feasibility in promoting exercise adherence and is an effective treatment option for older adults with PD-MCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjiao Yan
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China; The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yifei Xu
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Jiangsu Province Disabled Persons' Assistive Devices Service Center, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunxian Wang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of nursing, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Chenshan Huang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rong Lin
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingfeng Chen
- Neurology Department, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mojun Lin
- The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tung YT, Liao YC, Yeh TH, Tsao SP, Chang CC, Shih WT, Huang HY. 10 weeks low intensity treadmill exercise intervention ameliorates motor deficits and sustains muscle mass via decreasing oxidative damage and increasing mitochondria function in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Life Sci 2024; 350:122733. [PMID: 38763432 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by loss of dopamine neurons in the brain, which leads to motor dysfunction; excessive inflammation induces neuronal death. This study aimed to determine the most effective exercise modality to improve motor dysfunction in PD by comparing three different exercise regimens (low-intensity treadmill, high-intensity treadmill, and swimming). MATERIALS AND METHODS The rat model for PD was established through stereotaxic surgery, inducing unilateral 6-OHDA (6-hydroxydopamine) lesions. The low-intensity treadmill regimen exerted better protective effects on neurological and motor functions in a rat model of unilateral 6-OHDA-induced PD compared to high-intensity treadmill and swimming. The most suitable exercise regimen and the optimal duration of daily exercise (15 or 30 min) on motor activity and oxidative stress parameters were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS Comparison of 15 and 30 min low-intensity treadmill regimens (10 m/min) revealed 30 min daily exercise was the optimal duration and had more favorable impacts on neurological and motor function. Furthermore, we assessed the neuroprotective effects of exercising for 15 and 30 min per day for either four or ten weeks; 30 min of daily exercise for ten weeks improved mitochondrial function, the antioxidant defense system, neurotrophic factors, and muscle mass, and thereby provided protection against dopaminergic neuron loss, and motor dysfunction in rats with 6-OHDA-induced PD. SIGNIFICANCE 30 min of daily low-intensity treadmill exercise over 10 weeks resulted in heightened mitochondrial function in both muscle and brain tissues, therefore, yielded a neuroprotective effect against the loss of dopaminergic neurons and motor dysfunction in PD rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tang Tung
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 116, Taiwan; Advanced Plant and Food Crop Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chi Liao
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Tu-Hsueh Yeh
- Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, College of Medicine and Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Ping Tsao
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine 110, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Wei-Ting Shih
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Hui-Yu Huang
- Graduate Institute of Metabolism and Obesity Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang Q, Bian J, Sun Y, Shi Y, Zhao Z, Zhao H. Motor dysfunction in Parkinson's patients: depression differences in a latent growth model. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1393887. [PMID: 38887609 PMCID: PMC11181910 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1393887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to utilize latent growth model (LGM) to explore the developmental trajectory of motor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and investigate the relationship between depression and motor dysfunction. Methods Four-year follow-up data from 389 PD patients were collected through the Parkinson's Progression Marker Initiative (PPMI). Firstly, a univariate LGM was employed to examine the developmental trajectory of motor dysfunction in PD patients. Subsequently, depression levels were introduced as covariates into the model, and depression was further treated as a parallel growth latent variable to study the longitudinal relationship between motor dysfunction and depression. Results In the trajectory analysis of motor dysfunction, the fit indices for the quadratic growth LGM model were χ2 = 7.419, df = 6, CFI = 0.998, TLI = 0.997, SRMR = 0.019, and RMSEA = 0.025, indicating that the growth trend of motor dysfunction follows a quadratic curve rather than a simple linear pattern. Introducing depression symptoms as time-varying covariates to explore their effect on motor dysfunction revealed significant positive correlations (β = 0.383, p = 0.026; β = 0.675, p < 0.001; β = 0.385, p = 0.019; β = 0.415, p = 0.014; β = 0.614, p = 0.003), suggesting that as depression levels increase, motor dysfunction scores also increase. Treating depression as a parallel developmental process in the LGM, the regression coefficients for depression intercept on motor dysfunction intercept, depression slope on motor dysfunction slope, and depression quadratic factor on motor dysfunction quadratic factor were 0.448 (p = 0.046), 1.316 (p = 0.003), and 1.496 (p = 0.038), respectively. These significant regression coefficients indicate a complex relationship between depression and motor dysfunction, involving not only initial level associations but also growth trends over time and possible quadratic effects. Conclusion This study indicates a quadratic growth trajectory for motor dysfunction in PD, suggesting a continuous increase in severity with a gradual deceleration in growth rate. The relationship between depression and motor dysfunction is complex, involving initial associations, evolving trends over time, and potential quadratic effects. Exacerbation of depressive symptoms may coincide with motor function deterioration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- QiuShuang Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Bian
- The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - YaoZhou Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, First Clinical Medical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - ZiXuan Zhao
- Department of Public Administration, School of Health Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - HuaShuo Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
de Graaf D, de Vries NM, van de Zande T, Schimmel JJP, Shin S, Kowahl N, Barman P, Kapur R, Marks WJ, van 't Hul A, Bloem B. Measuring Physical Functioning Using Wearable Sensors in Parkinson Disease and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (the Accuracy of Digital Assessment of Performance Trial Study): Protocol for a Prospective Observational Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e55452. [PMID: 38713508 PMCID: PMC11109858 DOI: 10.2196/55452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical capacity and physical activity are important aspects of physical functioning and quality of life in people with a chronic disease such as Parkinson disease (PD) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Both physical capacity and physical activity are currently measured in the clinic using standardized questionnaires and tests, such as the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG). However, relying only on in-clinic tests is suboptimal since they offer limited information on how a person functions in daily life and how functioning fluctuates throughout the day. Wearable sensor technology may offer a solution that enables us to better understand true physical functioning in daily life. OBJECTIVE We aim to study whether device-assisted versions of 6MWT and TUG, such that the tests can be performed independently at home using a smartwatch, is a valid and reliable way to measure the performance compared to a supervised, in-clinic test. METHODS This is a decentralized, prospective, observational study including 100 people with PD and 100 with COPD. The inclusion criteria are broad: age ≥18 years, able to walk independently, and no co-occurrence of PD and COPD. Participants are followed for 15 weeks with 4 in-clinic visits, once every 5 weeks. Outcomes include several walking tests, cognitive tests, and disease-specific questionnaires accompanied by data collection using wearable devices (the Verily Study Watch and Modus StepWatch). Additionally, during the last 10 weeks of this study, participants will follow an aerobic exercise training program aiming to increase physical capacity, creating the opportunity to study the responsiveness of the remote 6MWT. RESULTS In total, 89 people with PD and 65 people with COPD were included in this study. Data analysis will start in April 2024. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study will provide information on the measurement properties of the device-assisted 6MWT and TUG in the clinic and at home. When reliable and valid, this can contribute to a better understanding of a person's physical capacity in real life, which makes it possible to personalize treatment options. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05756075; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05756075. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/55452.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debbie de Graaf
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Nienke M de Vries
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Tessa van de Zande
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Janneke J P Schimmel
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Sooyoon Shin
- Verily Life Sciences, South San Fransisco, CA, United States
| | - Nathan Kowahl
- Verily Life Sciences, South San Fransisco, CA, United States
| | - Poulami Barman
- Verily Life Sciences, South San Fransisco, CA, United States
| | - Ritu Kapur
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Verily Life Sciences, South San Fransisco, CA, United States
| | - William J Marks
- Verily Life Sciences, South San Fransisco, CA, United States
| | - Alex van 't Hul
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Respiratory Diseases, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan Bloem
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Center of Expertise for Parkinson & Movement Disorders, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Palm D, Swarowsky A, Gullickson M, Shilling H, Wolden M. Effects of Group Exercise on Motor Function and Mobility for Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Phys Ther 2024; 104:pzae014. [PMID: 38335243 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Parkinson disease (PD) is associated with a predictable decline in motor function and mobility that is commonly managed with exercise. There is a limited understanding of the effects of group exercise compared to individual exercise (IE) and usual care (UC) on motor function and mobility. Our purpose was to investigate the effects of group exercise compared to IE and UC on motor function and mobility for people with PD. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed with randomized control trials that investigated the effects of group compared with IE and UC on motor function and mobility for people with PD. A systematic search was performed in PubMed, EBSCO, and Science Direct databases. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. RESULTS Twenty-three studies assessed at least 1 mobility-related outcome measure, met our inclusion criteria, and were included in quantitative analysis. There was no significant difference on motor function and mobility between group exercise and IE for all standardized outcome assessment meta-analyses. Motor function and mobility were significantly improved with group exercise compared to UC in 9 of 11 standardized outcome assessment meta-analyses. Results were based upon low to moderate quality of evidence. CONCLUSION Based upon low to moderate quality of evidence, group exercise has a similar to larger effect as IE and UC on improving motor function and mobility for people with PD. When used in combination with skilled physical therapy, group exercise may be an appropriate adjunct to individualized physical therapy to maximize mobility and function. IMPACT Long-term adherence to exercise is essential to maintain mobility and motor function for people with PD. Our study suggests group exercise is as effective as IE and may be an appropriate option to encourage long-term adherence related to increased access, socialization, and accountability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Palm
- Physical Therapy Program, University of Jamestown, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | | | | | - Holly Shilling
- Physical Therapy Program, University of Jamestown, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| | - Mitch Wolden
- Physical Therapy Program, University of Jamestown, Fargo, North Dakota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Langeskov-Christensen M, Franzén E, Grøndahl Hvid L, Dalgas U. Exercise as medicine in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2024:jnnp-2023-332974. [PMID: 38418216 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2023-332974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an incurable and progressive neurological disorder leading to deleterious motor and non-motor consequences. Presently, no pharmacological agents can prevent PD evolution or progression, while pharmacological symptomatic treatments have limited effects in certain domains and cause side effects. Identification of interventions that prevent, slow, halt or mitigate the disease is therefore pivotal. Exercise is safe and represents a cornerstone in PD rehabilitation, but exercise may have even more fundamental benefits that could change clinical practice. In PD, the existing knowledge base supports exercise as (1) a protective lifestyle factor preventing the disease (ie, primary prevention), (2) a potential disease-modifying therapy (ie, secondary prevention) and (3) an effective symptomatic treatment (ie, tertiary prevention). Based on current evidence, a paradigm shift is proposed, stating that exercise should be individually prescribed as medicine to persons with PD at an early disease stage, alongside conventional medical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Langeskov-Christensen
- Exercise Biology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Neurology, Viborg Regional Hospital, Viborg, Denmark
| | - Erika Franzén
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Physical Therapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Grøndahl Hvid
- Exercise Biology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- The Danish MS Hospitals, Ry and Haslev, Denmark
| | - Ulrik Dalgas
- Exercise Biology, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen LH, Sun SY, Li G, Gao X, Luo W, Tian H, Zhang X, Yin X, Liu Z, Chen GC, Xu G, Liu T, Li FR. Physical activity and sleep pattern in relation to incident Parkinson's disease: a cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:17. [PMID: 38355565 PMCID: PMC10867998 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND How physical activity (PA) and different sleep traits and overall sleep pattern interact in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD) remain unknown. OBJECTIVE To prospectively investigate the joint associations of PA and sleep pattern with risk of PD. METHODS Included were 339,666 PD-free participants from the UK Biobank. Baseline PA levels were grouped into low (< 600 MET-mins/week), medium (600 to < 3000 MET-mins/week) and high (≥ 3000 MET-mins/week) according to the instructions of the UK Biobank. Healthy sleep traits (chronotype, sleep duration, insomnia, snoring, and daytime sleepiness) were scored from 0 to 5 and were categorized into "ideal sleep pattern" (≥ 3 sleep scores) and "poor sleep pattern" (0-2 sleep scores). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of PD were estimated by Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS During a median of 11.8 years of follow-up, 1,966 PD events were identified. The PD risk was lower in participants with high PA (HR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.84), compared to those with low PA; and participants with ideal sleep pattern also had a lower risk of PD (HR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.87), compared to those with poor sleep pattern. When jointly investigating the combined effect, participants with both high PA and ideal sleep pattern had the lowest risk of incident PD (HR = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.69), compared to those with low PA and poor sleep pattern; notably, participants with high PA but poor sleep pattern also gained benefit on PD risk reduction (HR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.99). CONCLUSIONS Both high PA and ideal sleep pattern were independently associated with lower risk of developing PD, and those with both high PA level and ideal sleep pattern had the lowest risk. Our results suggest that improving PA levels and sleep quality may be promising intervention targets for the prevention of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Chongchuan District, 226019, Nantong, China
| | - Shi-Yu Sun
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Chongchuan District, 226019, Nantong, China
| | - Guijie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, 16801, State College, PA, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Luo
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Research Center of Neurological Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haili Tian
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuanhao Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xi Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ziwei Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guangfei Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Chongchuan District, 226019, Nantong, China.
| | - Fu-Rong Li
- School of Public Health and Emergency Management, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Avenue, Fuguang community, Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lin F, Shi Y, Zheng J, Li Y, Chen X, Zou X, Hong Y, Chen K, Zeng Y, Ye Q, Chen X, Chen X, Wang Y, Cai G. Fish oil supplementation, physical activity and risk of incident Parkinson's disease: results of longitudinal analysis from the UK Biobank. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 15:1304629. [PMID: 38348197 PMCID: PMC10859434 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1304629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Evidence on the individual and combined relationship of physical activity (PA) and fish oil supplement use on the incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) risk remains lacking. Materials and methods This UK population-based prospective cohort study, involving 385,275 UK Biobank participants, collected PA and fish oil supplement data via touchscreen questionnaires. Using Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic splines to examined the associations between use of fish oil supplements, PA and PD risk. Results During a median 12.52-year follow-up, 2,131 participants incident PD. Analysis showed that fish oil supplement users had a lower PD risk [hazard ratio (HR), 0.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.82-0.98]. The adjusted HRs for the PD incidence were 0.96 (95% CI, 0.95-0.98) for total PA; 0.93 (95% CI, 0.90-0.96) for moderate PA; 0.95 (95% CI, 0.91-0.99) for vigorous PA and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89-0.98) for walking activity. Significant interactions were found between fish oil supplement use and total PA (P for interaction = 0.011), moderate PA (P for interaction = 0.015), and walking activity (P for interaction = 0.029) in relation to PD incidence. Conclusion Both fish oil supplement use and PA were associated with a reduced risk of PD, and the effect of PA in reducing the risk of PD was more pronounced when fish oil supplement was used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabin Lin
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yisen Shi
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yueping Li
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuanjie Chen
- School of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinyang Zou
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yi Hong
- School of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuqi Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qinyong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinyan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingqing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guoen Cai
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Neurology, Center for Cognitive Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Institute of Geriatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nam JY, Park SJ, Song J, Jeong S, Choi S, Park SM. Association of allergic disease with Parkinson's disease: A nationally representative retrospective cohort study. Allergol Int 2024; 73:107-114. [PMID: 37544850 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, asthma, and atopic dermatitis with Parkinson's disease (PD) risk is yet unclear. In the few preceding studies, a short follow-up duration was followed for a relatively small study population, and lifestyle behaviors were not adjusted for. Therefore, there is a need for large-scale observation studies on the association of allergic disease with PD risk after considering lifestyle behaviors. METHODS The study population consisted of 398,936 participants aged 40 years or older who underwent health screening before 1 January 2005 from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Starting from 1 January 2005, all participants were followed up until the date of PD event, death, or 31 December 2019. The adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of PD were calculated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS Compared to non-allergic disease participants, allergic disease patients had a higher risk for PD (aHR 1.18, 95% CI 1.07-1.30) and especially, allergic rhinitis patients had a higher risk for PD (aHR 1.14, 95% CI 1.00-1.29). Allergic disease was associated with a higher risk for PD (aHR 1.24, 95% CI 1.01-1.52) among participants who were never smokers, did not consume alcohol, and exercised regularly. CONCLUSIONS Allergic rhinitis was associated with a higher risk for PD compared to participants without allergic rhinitis. This risk-increasing association of allergic rhinitis with PD was preserved even among people with healthy lifestyle behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sun Jae Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jihun Song
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seogsong Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Seulggie Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu M, Gan X, Ye Z, Zhang Y, He P, Zhou C, Yang S, Zhang Y, Qin X. Association of accelerometer-measured physical activity intensity, sedentary time, and exercise time with incident Parkinson's disease. NPJ Digit Med 2023; 6:224. [PMID: 38017114 PMCID: PMC10684568 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00969-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence regarding the association between physical activity and Parkinson's disease (PD) risk is generally limited due to the use of self-report questionnaires. We aimed to quantify the separate and combined effects of accelerometer-measured light physical activity (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary time and exercise timing with incident PD. 96,422 participants without prior PD and with usable accelerometer data were included from UK Biobank. Time spent in sedentary activity, LPA, MVPA, and exercise timing were estimated using machine learning models. The study outcome was incident PD. Over a median follow-up duration of 6.8 years, 313 participants developed PD. There was a L-shaped association for LPA and MVPA, and a reversed L-shaped association for sedentary time, with the risk of incident PD (all P for nonlinearity < 0.001). Similar trends were found across three time-windows (morning, midday-afternoon, and evening). Compared with those with both low LPA (<3.89 h/day) and low MVPA (<0.27 h/day), the adjusted HR (95% CI) of PD risk was 0.49 (0.36-0.66), 0.19 (0.36-0.66) and 0.13 (0.09-0.18), respectively, for participants with high MVPA only, high LPA only, and both high LPA and high MVPA. Moreover, participants with both low LPA and high sedentary time (≥9.41 h/day) (adjusted HR, 5.59; 95% CI: 4.10-7.61), and those with both low MVPA and high sedentary time (adjusted HR, 3.93; 95% CI: 2.82-5.49) had the highest risk of incident PD. In conclusion, regardless of exercise timing (morning, midday-afternoon, and evening), there was an inverse association for accelerometer-measured MVPA and LPA, and a positive association for sedentary time, with incident PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoqin Gan
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ziliang Ye
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Panpan He
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chun Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Sisi Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xianhui Qin
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Fernández-Vázquez D, Molina-Rueda F, Navarro-López V, Straudi S, Cano-de-la-Cuerda R. Muscle strength and spatiotemporal gait parameters in people with Parkinson´s disease. A pilot study. Rev Neurol 2023; 77:115-124. [PMID: 37612828 PMCID: PMC10662231 DOI: 10.33588/rn.7705.2023098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Muscle weakness in persons with Parkinson disease (PD) has been frequently recognized as a nonspecific symptom. In other neurological conditions, lower limb weakness, specifically quadriceps weakness, is the factor that causes greater gait disability. Little research has evaluated the relationship between lower limb muscle strength, using objective tools, in PD persons and gait performance. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between lower limb muscle strength, using an isokinetic dynamometer, and the spatiotemporal gait parameters in PD, compared with age- and sex- matched healthy controls. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study was conducted with 7 persons with PD -Hoehn and Yahr (HY) between II-III- and 7 healthy controls. Isokinetic knee and ankle tests at 60 and 120°/s and the 10-meter walking test at comfortable and fast walking speed, were performed on all recruited subjects. RESULTS Significant differences in lower limb strength-related measures and gait parameters were observed between persons with PD and controls. Gait parameters showed excellent correlations (rho = 0.7) for both lower limb: ankle plantar flexion work/body wearing at 180°/s with number of steps (indirect) and stride (direct) at both speeds, and between the ankle plantar flexion peak torque/ body wearing at 180°/s with number of steps (indirect) and stride (direct) at maximum speed; and between knee extension work/body wearing at 60°/s) with stride (direct) at self-selected speed. CONCLUSIONS Persons with PD (HY II-III stages) lower limb muscle strength correlates excellently with gait pattern, showing lower isokinetic strength than healthy subjects of the same age and sex. This protocol showed safety to be performed in a larger sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S Straudi
- Università degli Studi di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italia
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italia
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Portugal B, Artaud F, Degaey I, Roze E, Fournier A, Severi G, Canonico M, Proust-Lima C, Elbaz A. Association of Physical Activity and Parkinson Disease in Women: Long-term Follow-up of the E3N Cohort Study. Neurology 2023; 101:e386-e398. [PMID: 37197993 PMCID: PMC10435054 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Previous cohort studies reported that a single measure of physical activity (PA) assessed at baseline was associated with lower Parkinson disease (PD) incidence, but a meta-analysis suggested that this association was restricted to men. Because of the long prodromal phase of the disease, reverse causation could not be excluded as a potential explanation. Our objective was to study the association between time-varying PA and PD in women using lagged analyses to address the potential for reverse causation and to compare PA trajectories in patients before diagnosis and matched controls. METHODS We used data from the Etude Epidémiologique auprès de femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale (1990-2018), a cohort study of women affiliated with a national health insurance plan for persons working in education. PA was self-reported in 6 questionnaires over the follow-up. As questions changed across questionnaires, we created a time-varying latent PA (LPA) variable using latent process mixed models. PD was ascertained using a multistep validation process based on medical records or a validated algorithm based on drug claims. We set up a nested case-control study to examine differences in LPA trajectories using multivariable linear mixed models with a retrospective timescale. Cox proportional hazards models with age as the timescale and adjusted for confounders were used to estimate the association between time-varying LPA and PD incidence. Our main analysis used a 10-year lag to account for reverse causation; sensitivity analyses used 5-, 15-, and 20-year lags. RESULTS Analyses of trajectories (1,196 cases and 23,879 controls) showed that LPA was significantly lower in cases than in controls throughout the follow-up, including 29 years before diagnosis; the difference between cases and controls started to increase ∼10 years before diagnosis (p interaction = 0.003). In our main survival analysis, of 95,354 women free of PD in 2000, 1,074 women developed PD over a mean follow-up of 17.2 years. PD incidence decreased with increasing LPA (p trend = 0.001), with 25% lower incidence in those in the highest quartile compared with the lowest (adjusted hazard ratio 0.75, 95% CI 0.63-0.89). Using longer lags yielded similar conclusions. DISCUSSION Higher PA level is associated with lower PD incidence in women, not explained by reverse causation. These results are important for planning interventions for PD prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berta Portugal
- From the Université Paris-Saclay (B.P., F.A., I.D., A.F., G.S., M.C., A.E.), UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Inserm, U1018, Team "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer, and Health," CESP, Villejuif; Neurology Department (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP; Sorbonne Université (E.R.); INSERM U1127 (E.R.), CNRS 7225, Brain Institute, Paris, France; Department of Statistics (G.S.), Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy; and Université Bordeaux (C.P.-L.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR1219, France
| | - Fanny Artaud
- From the Université Paris-Saclay (B.P., F.A., I.D., A.F., G.S., M.C., A.E.), UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Inserm, U1018, Team "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer, and Health," CESP, Villejuif; Neurology Department (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP; Sorbonne Université (E.R.); INSERM U1127 (E.R.), CNRS 7225, Brain Institute, Paris, France; Department of Statistics (G.S.), Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy; and Université Bordeaux (C.P.-L.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR1219, France
| | - Isabelle Degaey
- From the Université Paris-Saclay (B.P., F.A., I.D., A.F., G.S., M.C., A.E.), UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Inserm, U1018, Team "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer, and Health," CESP, Villejuif; Neurology Department (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP; Sorbonne Université (E.R.); INSERM U1127 (E.R.), CNRS 7225, Brain Institute, Paris, France; Department of Statistics (G.S.), Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy; and Université Bordeaux (C.P.-L.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR1219, France
| | - Emmanuel Roze
- From the Université Paris-Saclay (B.P., F.A., I.D., A.F., G.S., M.C., A.E.), UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Inserm, U1018, Team "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer, and Health," CESP, Villejuif; Neurology Department (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP; Sorbonne Université (E.R.); INSERM U1127 (E.R.), CNRS 7225, Brain Institute, Paris, France; Department of Statistics (G.S.), Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy; and Université Bordeaux (C.P.-L.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR1219, France
| | - Agnès Fournier
- From the Université Paris-Saclay (B.P., F.A., I.D., A.F., G.S., M.C., A.E.), UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Inserm, U1018, Team "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer, and Health," CESP, Villejuif; Neurology Department (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP; Sorbonne Université (E.R.); INSERM U1127 (E.R.), CNRS 7225, Brain Institute, Paris, France; Department of Statistics (G.S.), Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy; and Université Bordeaux (C.P.-L.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR1219, France
| | - Gianluca Severi
- From the Université Paris-Saclay (B.P., F.A., I.D., A.F., G.S., M.C., A.E.), UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Inserm, U1018, Team "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer, and Health," CESP, Villejuif; Neurology Department (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP; Sorbonne Université (E.R.); INSERM U1127 (E.R.), CNRS 7225, Brain Institute, Paris, France; Department of Statistics (G.S.), Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy; and Université Bordeaux (C.P.-L.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR1219, France
| | - Marianne Canonico
- From the Université Paris-Saclay (B.P., F.A., I.D., A.F., G.S., M.C., A.E.), UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Inserm, U1018, Team "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer, and Health," CESP, Villejuif; Neurology Department (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP; Sorbonne Université (E.R.); INSERM U1127 (E.R.), CNRS 7225, Brain Institute, Paris, France; Department of Statistics (G.S.), Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy; and Université Bordeaux (C.P.-L.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR1219, France
| | - Cécile Proust-Lima
- From the Université Paris-Saclay (B.P., F.A., I.D., A.F., G.S., M.C., A.E.), UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Inserm, U1018, Team "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer, and Health," CESP, Villejuif; Neurology Department (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP; Sorbonne Université (E.R.); INSERM U1127 (E.R.), CNRS 7225, Brain Institute, Paris, France; Department of Statistics (G.S.), Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy; and Université Bordeaux (C.P.-L.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR1219, France
| | - Alexis Elbaz
- From the Université Paris-Saclay (B.P., F.A., I.D., A.F., G.S., M.C., A.E.), UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Sud, Gustave Roussy, Inserm, U1018, Team "Exposome, Heredity, Cancer, and Health," CESP, Villejuif; Neurology Department (E.R.), Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP; Sorbonne Université (E.R.); INSERM U1127 (E.R.), CNRS 7225, Brain Institute, Paris, France; Department of Statistics (G.S.), Computer Science, Applications "G. Parenti" (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy; and Université Bordeaux (C.P.-L.), Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR1219, France.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Girnis JL, Cavanaugh JT, Baker TC, Duncan RP, Fulford D, LaValley MP, Lawrence M, Nordahl T, Porciuncula F, Rawson KS, Saint-Hilaire M, Thomas CA, Zajac JA, Earhart GM, Ellis TD. Natural Walking Intensity in Persons With Parkinson Disease. J Neurol Phys Ther 2023; 47:146-154. [PMID: 37016469 PMCID: PMC10330027 DOI: 10.1097/npt.0000000000000440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Few persons with Parkinson disease (PD) appear to engage in moderate-intensity walking associated with disease-modifying health benefits. How much time is spent walking at lower, yet still potentially beneficial, intensities is poorly understood. The purpose of this exploratory, observational study was to describe natural walking intensity in ambulatory persons with PD. METHODS Accelerometer-derived real-world walking data were collected for more than 7 days at baseline from 82 participants enrolled in a PD clinical trial. Walking intensity was defined according to the number of steps in each active minute (1-19, 20-39, 40-59, 60-79, 80-99, or ≥100 steps). Daily minutes of walking and duration of the longest sustained walking bout were calculated at each intensity. Number of sustained 10 to 19, 20 to 29, and 30-minute bouts and greater at any intensity also were calculated. Values were analyzed in the context of physical activity guidelines. RESULTS Most daily walking occurred at lower intensities (157.3 ± 58.1 min of 1-19 steps; 81.3 ± 32.6 min of 20-39 steps; 38.2 ± 21.3 min of 40-59 steps; 15.1 ± 11.5 min of 60-79 steps; 7.4 ± 7.0 min of 80-99 steps; 7.3 ± 9.6 min of ≥100 steps). The longest daily sustained walking bout occurred at the lowest intensity level (15.9 ± 5.2 min of 1-19 steps). Few bouts lasting 20 minutes and greater occurred at any intensity. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Despite relatively high daily step counts, participants tended to walk at remarkably low intensity, in bouts of generally short duration, with relatively few instances of sustained walking. The findings reinforced the need for health promotion interventions designed specifically to increase walking intensity.Video Abstract available for more insight from authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1 available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A426 ).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie L. Girnis
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - James T. Cavanaugh
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of New England, Portland, Maine
| | - Teresa C. Baker
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ryan P. Duncan
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Daniel Fulford
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Michael Lawrence
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of New England, Portland, Maine
| | - Timothy Nordahl
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Franchino Porciuncula
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kerri S. Rawson
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Marie Saint-Hilaire
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Boston University, Boston Massachusetts
| | - Cathi A. Thomas
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders Center, Boston University, Boston Massachusetts
| | - Jenna A. Zajac
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gammon M. Earhart
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- Department of Neurology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Terry D. Ellis
- Department of Physical Therapy, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang X, Jing F, Liu Y, Tang J, Hua X, Zhu J, Tuo H, Lin Q, Gao P, Liu W. Effects of non-invasive brain stimulation on walking and balance ability in Parkinson's patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 14:1065126. [PMID: 36704502 PMCID: PMC9871558 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1065126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate and contrast the effects of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), including repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), on walking and balance ability in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods The PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane, CNKI, and Chinese WanFang databases were searched up to June 2022. Quality assessment was performed using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk-of-bias guidelines, and the standardized mean differences (SMD) or mean differences (MD) for each outcome were calculated. Results Among 32 eligible studies, including 1,586 participants were analyzed in this meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that NIBS was effective in improving UPDRS-III scores (MD = -2.07; 95% CI, -2.62 to -1.53; P < 0.00001; I 2 = 6%) and variables associated with the ability of walk such as step width (SMD = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.16-0.55; P = 0.0005; I 2 = 38%), cadence (SMD = 0.3; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.55; P = 0.02; I 2 = 25%), and 6MWT (MD = 62.86; 95% CI, 39.43-86.29; P < 0.00001; I 2 = 0%). In subgroup analyses across intervention types, UPDRS-III scores (rTMS: MD = -2.54; 95% CI, -3.16 to -1.92; P < 0.00001; I 2 = 0%; tDCS: MD = -1.20; 95% CI, -1.99 to -0.40; P = 0.003; I 2 = 0%) and TUGT time (rTMS: MD = -4.11; 95% CI, -4.74 to -3.47; P < 0.00001; I 2 = 0%; tDCS: MD = -0.84; 95% CI, -1.48 to -0.21; P = 0.009; I 2 = 0%) significantly improved. Moreover, our results also showed that compared to tDCS, rTMS was more significant in improving UPDRS-III scores and TUGT time (p < 0.05). Conclusion NIBS benefits some walking ability variables but not balance ability in 36 patients with PD. The rTMS significantly improved UPDRS-III scores and TUGT time compared to tDCS. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal protocol and to illuminate effects based on the ideal target brain regions, stimulation intensity, timing, and type of intervention. Systematic review registration http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022350782.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Weiguo Liu
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Torchio A, Fusari G, Perini G, Crispiatico V, Grosso C, Cattaneo D, Pagliari C, Jonsdottir J. Objective and subjective measures of daily physical activity in persons with Multiple Sclerosis beginning a rehabilitation regime: A cross-sectional study. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 68:104394. [PMID: 36544306 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.104394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fatigue, and balance and gait disorders can impact on physical activity (PA) levels in persons with Multiple Sclerosis (pwMS). To date, several studies have examined PA in pwMS during daily life, but little is known about PA levels in pwMS during a rehabilitation period. The present study investigated PA levels (daily steps, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)) in inpatient and outpatients with MS during their rehabilitation period and described the relationship between objectively measured PA and levels of disability, quality of life, fatigue, and self-efficacy. METHODS In this exploratory cross-sectional study, we examined 40 pwMS during their inpatient or outpatient rehabilitation regime. Participants included in the study (N = 34) wore a Fitbit Versa tracker for one week recording daily steps, minutes of LPA, and minutes of MVPA (primary outcomes). They underwent a clinical assessment of physical activity levels (Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire(GLTEQ)), fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale(FSS)), walking ability (10 Meter Walk Test(10MWT), 2-Min Walk Test(2MWT), 12-item Multiple Sclerosis Walking scale(MSWS-12)), quality of life (12-Item Short Form Survey (SF-12)), and self-efficacy (Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis scale (SEMS)) (secondary outcomes). Multiple linear regressions (MLR) models were used to test whether the demographic difference between the two groups influenced the estimation of objective variables measured by Fitbit. Finally, correlations between objectively measured physical activity and subjective clinical scales were estimated with Spearman correlations. RESULTS Our sample consisted of 21 females and 13 males with a mean (interquartile range) age of 52 (20) years and an Expanded Disability Status scale(EDSS) score of 6.0 (1.50) points; baseline characteristics of inpatients (N = 18) and outpatients (N = 16) differed statistically only in EDSS levels (p-value = 0.008) and use of assistive devices (p=0.007). The whole sample performed (mean±standard deviation) 3969±2190 steps per day, with no significant difference between inpatients (3318±1515) and outpatients (4660±2606). No statistical difference was found between the groups in LPA (p-value=0.064). A significant difference in MVPA (p-value < 0.001) was found between inpatients and outpatients, 1.52±3.98 and 14.69±11.56 min per day, respectively. Significant correlations were found between FSS and MVPA both in the whole sample (r(32)= -0.62, p < 0.001) and in the outpatients group (r(14) = -0.66, p = 0.005), and between 10MWT and daily steps (whole sample:(r(32) = 0.48, p = 0.005), outpatients:(r(14)= -0.51, p = 0.05)). CONCLUSIONS PwMS in our study overall engaged in reduced and less intense levels of daily PA with respect to the guidelines with inpatients performing almost no vigorous activities. Considering the importance of PA in improving physical and mental well-being, clinicians and researchers should develope strategies to increase daily PA of PwMS during their rehabilitation programs and daily life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Torchio
- LaRiCE lab: Gait and Balance Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, Via Capecelatro 66, Milan 20148, Italy
| | - Giulia Fusari
- LaRiCE lab: Gait and Balance Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, Via Capecelatro 66, Milan 20148, Italy
| | - Gloria Perini
- LaRiCE lab: Gait and Balance Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, Via Capecelatro 66, Milan 20148, Italy
| | - Valeria Crispiatico
- LaRiCE lab: Gait and Balance Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, Via Capecelatro 66, Milan 20148, Italy
| | - Cristina Grosso
- LaRiCE lab: Gait and Balance Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, Via Capecelatro 66, Milan 20148, Italy
| | - Davide Cattaneo
- LaRiCE lab: Gait and Balance Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, Via Capecelatro 66, Milan 20148, Italy; Department of Physiopathology and Transplants, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Pagliari
- LaRiCE lab: Gait and Balance Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, Via Capecelatro 66, Milan 20148, Italy
| | - Johanna Jonsdottir
- LaRiCE lab: Gait and Balance Disorders Laboratory, Department of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi Onlus, Via Capecelatro 66, Milan 20148, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Molecular and Cellular Interactions in Pathogenesis of Sporadic Parkinson Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113043. [PMID: 36361826 PMCID: PMC9657547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of the population all around the world suffer from age-associated neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson’s disease (PD). This disorder presents different signs of genetic, epigenetic and environmental origin, and molecular, cellular and intracellular dysfunction. At the molecular level, α-synuclein (αSyn) was identified as the principal molecule constituting the Lewy bodies (LB). The gut microbiota participates in the pathogenesis of PD and may contribute to the loss of dopaminergic neurons through mitochondrial dysfunction. The most important pathogenetic link is an imbalance of Ca2+ ions, which is associated with redox imbalance in the cells and increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this review, genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors that cause these disorders and their cause-and-effect relationships are considered. As a constituent of environmental factors, the example of organophosphates (OPs) is also reviewed. The role of endothelial damage in the pathogenesis of PD is discussed, and a ‘triple hit hypothesis’ is proposed as a modification of Braak’s dual hit one. In the absence of effective therapies for neurodegenerative diseases, more and more evidence is emerging about the positive impact of nutritional structure and healthy lifestyle on the state of blood vessels and the risk of developing these diseases.
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
The global burden of Parkinson's disease (PD) has increased from 2.5 to 6.1 million since the 1990s. This is expected to rise as the world population ages and lives longer. With the current consensus on the existence of a prediagnostic phase of PD, which can be divided into a preclinical stage and a prodromal stage, we can better define the risk markers and prodromal markers of PD in the broader context of PD pathogenesis. Here, we review this pathogenetic process, and discuss the evidence behind various heritability factors, exposure to pesticides and farming, high dairy consumption, and traumatic brain injuries that have been known to raise PD risk. Physical activity, early active lifestyle, high serum uric acid, caffeine consumption, exposure to tobacco, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and calcium channel blockers, as well as the Mediterranean and the MIND diets are observed to lower PD risk. This knowledge, when combined with ways to identify at-risk populations and early prodromal PD patients, can help the clinician make practical recommendations. Most importantly, it helps us set the parameters for epidemiological studies and create the paradigms for clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Rajan
- Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Bonnie Kaas
- Division of Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu WY, Tung TH, Zhang C, Shi L. Systematic review for the prevention and management of falls and fear of falling in patients with Parkinson's disease. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2690. [PMID: 35837986 PMCID: PMC9392538 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesize recent empirical evidence for the prevention and management of falls and fear of falling in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). DATA SOURCE Database from PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review. DATA COLLECTION We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases for studies published from inception to February 27, 2021. Inclusion criteria were nonreview articles on prevention and management measures related to falls and fall prevention in Parkinson's disease patients. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We selected 45 articles and conducted in-depth research and discussion. According to the causes of falls in PD patients, they were divided into five directions, namely physical status, pre-existing conditions, environment, medical care, and cognition. In the cognitive domain, we focused on the fear of falling. On the above basis, we constructed a fall prevention model, which is a tertiary prevention health care network, based on The Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool to provide ideas for the prevention and management of falling and fear of falling in PD patients in clinical practice CONCLUSIONS: Falls and fear of falls in patients with Parkinson's disease can be reduced by effective clinical prevention and management. Future studies are needed to explore the efficacy of treatment and prevention of falls and fear of falls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yi Liu
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Shanghai Bluecross Medical Science Institute, Shanghai, China.,Institute for Hospital Management, Tsing Hua University, Shenzhen Campus, China
| | - Tao-Hsin Tung
- Evidence-based Medicine Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chencheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Leiyu Shi
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang X, Molsberry SA, Schwarzschild MA, Ascherio A, Gao X. Association of Diet and Physical Activity With All-Cause Mortality Among Adults With Parkinson Disease. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5:e2227738. [PMID: 35984656 PMCID: PMC9391952 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.27738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Greater diet quality and physical activity level are associated with a lower risk of developing Parkinson disease (PD). However, information regarding the association between lifestyle behaviors and survival after PD diagnosis remains limited. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of prediagnosis and postdiagnosis overall diet quality and physical activity with all-cause mortality among individuals with PD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This population-based cohort study analyzed male participants in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study from 1986 to 2012 and female participants in the Nurses' Health Study from 1984 to 2012. Participants who were diagnosed with PD and had complete baseline dietary assessment data were included. Data were analyzed from January 2021 to February 2022. EXPOSURES Prediagnosis diet quality, assessed by the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), and physical activity, assessed by metabolic equivalent task (MET) hours per week reported on questionnaires, were the primary exposures of interest to minimize reverse causation. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Mortality, which was followed up until 2018, was the primary outcome. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association of diet and physical activity with mortality individually and jointly, and the models were adjusted for age, total energy intake, caffeine intake, and other lifestyle risk factors. RESULTS The sample comprised 1251 individuals with PD, which included 652 men (52.1%) with a median (IQR) age at diagnosis of 73.4 (67.5-78.7) years. During the 32 to 34 years of follow-up, 942 participants died. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) comparing the highest vs the lowest AHEI quartile was 0.69 (95% CI, 0.56- 0.85) for prediagnosis analyses and 0.57 (95% CI, 0.42-0.78) for postdiagnosis analyses. Similar results were obtained for cumulative mean MET hours per week in the prediagnosis analyses (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.57-0.87) and postdiagnosis analyses (HR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.35-0.63). The inverse association persisted for PD-specific mortality (postdiagnosis AHEI: HR, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.33-0.80]; postdiagnosis physical activity: HR, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.25-0.55]). In the joint analyses of diet quality and physical activity before the PD diagnosis, the adjusted HR was 0.51 (95% CI, 0.36-0.73) for individuals in the highest vs lowest tertiles for both variables. The HR for diet quality and physical activity after the diagnosis was 0.35 (95% CI, 0.23-0.52). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Results of this study showed that a healthy dietary pattern and an active lifestyle were associated with a lower rate of all-cause mortality among individuals with PD. Consuming a healthy diet and engaging in physical activity or exercise could be targeted to improve PD outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Zhang
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Samantha A. Molsberry
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Social & Scientific Systems Inc, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Alberto Ascherio
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gamborg M, Hvid LG, Dalgas U, Langeskov‐Christensen M. Parkinson's disease and intensive exercise therapy - An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Neurol Scand 2022; 145:504-528. [PMID: 34997759 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In 2015, Uhrbrand et al. published the first review on Parkinson´s disease (PD) and exercise entirely based on randomized controlled trials (RCT) applying strict exercise definitions. The present review aimed to update the PD literature by assessing the effects of different intensive exercise modalities: resistance training (RT), endurance training (ET), and other intensive exercise modalities (OITM). An updated systematic literature search identified 33 new RCTs. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed. A total of 18 RT, 14 ET, and 1 OITM studies were identified (adding to the 8 RT, 6 ET, and 4 OITM studies identified by Uhrbrand et al. in 2015). RT, ET, and OITM were feasible, safe, and did not worsen PD symptoms. Furthermore, RT, ET, and OITM may positively affect functional outcomes (e.g., balance) and depressive symptoms in PD but inconsistencies across these findings warrant cautious conclusions. Meta-analyses showed that RT had a positive impact on muscle strength (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.83 [95% CI;0.54, 1.12]), functional capacity (Timed Up and Go Test (TUG): SMD = -0.62 [-1.01, -0.24]), and quality of life (SMD = -0.41 [-0.72, -0.09]), while ET had a positive impact on cardiorespiratory fitness (SMD = 0.27 [0.07, 0.47]) and functional capacity (TUG: SMD = -0.21 [-0.46, 0.04], 6-Min Walk Test: SMD = 0.89 [0.17, 1.62]), and a potentially positive impact on "on-medication" UPDRS-III (SMD = -0.15 [-0.38, 0.09]) and "off-medication" UPDRS-III (SMD = -0.19 [-0.41, 0.04]). In conclusion, RT, ET, and OITM all represent safe, feasible, and beneficial adjunct rehabilitation strategies in PD, with particularly RT and ET showing solid effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mads Gamborg
- Exercise Biology Department of Public Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | - Lars G. Hvid
- Exercise Biology Department of Public Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
- The Danish MS Hospitals, Ry and Haslev Denmark
| | - Ulrik Dalgas
- Exercise Biology Department of Public Health Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Landers MR, Nilsson MH. A theoretical framework for addressing fear of falling avoidance behavior in Parkinson's disease. Physiother Theory Pract 2022; 39:895-911. [PMID: 35180834 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2022.2029655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Postural instability in Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with several downstream consequences that ultimately lead to a greater risk of falling. Among the prominent downstream consequences is fear of falling (FOF), which is both common and problematic in PD. It can lead to a vicious cycle of FOF avoidance behavior that results in more sedentary behavior, physical deconditioning, and weakening of already impaired balance systems. This, in turn, may make the person with PD more susceptible to a future fall even with benign daily tasks. While FOF activity avoidance can be adaptive (appropriate), it can also be maladaptive (inappropriate or exaggerated). When this adaptive and maladaptive FOF avoidance behavior is contextualized to gait/balance performance, it provides a theoretical framework that can be used by clinicians to match patterns of behavior to a concordant treatment approach. In the theoretical framework proposed in this perspective, four different patterns related to FOF avoidance behavior and gait/balance performance are suggested: appropriate avoiders, appropriate non-avoiders, inappropriate avoiders, and inappropriate non-avoiders. For each of the four FOF avoidance behavior patterns, this paper also provides suggested treatment focuses, approaches and recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merrill R Landers
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Maria H Nilsson
- Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mak MKY, Wong-Yu ISK. Six-Month Community-Based Brisk Walking and Balance Exercise Alleviates Motor Symptoms and Promotes Functions in People with Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 11:1431-1441. [PMID: 33967056 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-202503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Parkinson's disease (PD), sustained aerobic exercise is a promising therapy in delaying motor disability. Brisk walking is a moderate intensity aerobic training, which could be translated to community practice at low cost, but its effects on motor symptoms remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of a six-month brisk walking and balance program in alleviating motor symptoms, and promoting functional, gait, and balance performance in people with PD. METHODS Seventy individuals with mild to moderate PD were randomly assigned to a brisk walking (BW) group or an active control (CON) group. BW group received ten 90-minute supervised brisk walking and balance exercise for six months (weeks 1-6: once/week, weeks 7-26: once/month). CON group received upper limb training. Both groups performed 2-3 self-practice sessions weekly. Primary outcome was Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) motor score. Secondary outcomes were fast gait speed (FGS), timed-up-and-go (TUG) time, six-minute walk distance (6MWD), and Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Mini-BEST) score. RESULTS Sixty-four participants (33 BW/31 CON) completed training. BW group showed greater significant decreases from baseline than CON group in MDS-UPDRS motor score after six weeks (-5.5 vs -1.6, p < 0.001) and 6 months (-6.0 vs -1.4, p < 0.001) of training. BW group also showed greater significant improvement from the baseline than CON group for TUG time, FGS, 6MWD, and mini-BEST score (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The six-month brisk walking and balance program alleviates motor symptoms, promotes functional and gait performance, walking capacity, and dynamic balance in people with mild to moderate PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret K Y Mak
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Irene S K Wong-Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Grazia A, Wimmer M, Müller-Putz GR, Wriessnegger SC. Neural Suppression Elicited During Motor Imagery Following the Observation of Biological Motion From Point-Light Walker Stimuli. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 15:788036. [PMID: 35069155 PMCID: PMC8779203 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.788036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Advantageous effects of biological motion (BM) detection, a low-perceptual mechanism that allows the rapid recognition and understanding of spatiotemporal characteristics of movement via salient kinematics information, can be amplified when combined with motor imagery (MI), i.e., the mental simulation of motor acts. According to Jeannerod's neurostimulation theory, asynchronous firing and reduction of mu and beta rhythm oscillations, referred to as suppression over the sensorimotor area, are sensitive to both MI and action observation (AO) of BM. Yet, not many studies investigated the use of BM stimuli using combined AO-MI tasks. In this study, we assessed the neural response in the form of event-related synchronization and desynchronization (ERD/S) patterns following the observation of point-light-walkers and concordant MI, as compared to MI alone. Methods: Twenty right-handed healthy participants accomplished the experimental task by observing BM stimuli and subsequently performing the same movement using kinesthetic MI (walking, cycling, and jumping conditions). We recorded an electroencephalogram (EEG) with 32 channels and performed time-frequency analysis on alpha (8-13 Hz) and beta (18-24 Hz) frequency bands during the MI task. A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was performed to test statistical significance among conditions and electrodes of interest. Results: The results revealed significant ERD/S patterns in the alpha frequency band between conditions and electrode positions. Post hoc comparisons showed significant differences between condition 1 (walking) and condition 3 (jumping) over the left primary motor cortex. For the beta band, a significantly less difference in ERD patterns (p < 0.01) was detected only between condition 3 (jumping) and condition 4 (reference). Discussion: Our results confirmed that the observation of BM combined with MI elicits a neural suppression, although just in the case of jumping. This is in line with previous findings of AO and MI (AOMI) eliciting a neural suppression for simulated whole-body movements. In the last years, increasing evidence started to support the integration of AOMI training as an adjuvant neurorehabilitation tool in Parkinson's disease (PD). Conclusion: We concluded that using BM stimuli in AOMI training could be promising, as it promotes attention to kinematic features and imitative motor learning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Grazia
- Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Rostock-Greifswald, Rostock, Germany
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Michael Wimmer
- Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Gernot R. Müller-Putz
- Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Selina C. Wriessnegger
- Institute of Neural Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Alushi L, Alexander J, Jones J, Lafortune L. A Systematic Review on Physical Health Education Interventions for People with Parkinson's Disease: Content, Impact, and Implementation Considerations Across the Parkinson's Trajectory. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:1389-1407. [PMID: 35599500 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-223259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Educational interventions promoting the role of physical activity (PA) aim to address knowledge, poor exercise self-efficacy, and low outcome expectations, which are well-researched barriers to PA participation in healthy and in people with chronic conditions. However, little is known about the effectiveness of educational interventions in addressing these barriers in people with Parkinson's (PwP). OBJECTIVE To examine the content of education interventions that promote PA behavior in PwP, and to assess their effectiveness on physical and psychosocial outcomes. METHODS An electronic search (12/2021) of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMed PsycINFO, the Web of Science and the Cochrane Library was conducted from 1990 to 2021. Education interventions, alone or combined with other strategies, promoting PA in PwP were included. Quality was assessed using the Johanna Briggs Institute and National Institute of Health quality assessment tools. A narrative synthesis was performed. RESULTS Six studies were identified. Five interventions were comprised of education and exercise sessions. Improvement in physical and psychosocial outcomes were suggested but delineating the exact impact of education was impeded due to lack of assessment. CONCLUSION Few interventions exist that provide knowledge, and skills promoting PA participation, and fewer are addressed towards newly diagnosed PwP. There is lack of assessment over the effectiveness of education as a tool to facilitate PA participation in PwP. Lack of assessment poses the risk of potentially disregarding effective interventions or adopting ineffective approaches without the evidence. Education interventions can boost PA engagement by increasing factors such as exercise self-efficacy, but further interventions are required to assess this model of relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ledia Alushi
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - James Alexander
- Centre for Applied Health & Social Care Research, Kingston & St George's, University of London, London, UK
- Camden Neurology & Stroke Service, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Julie Jones
- School of Health Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - Louise Lafortune
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Public Health, Interdisciplinary Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Granata C, Caruana NJ, Botella J, Jamnick NA, Huynh K, Kuang J, Janssen HA, Reljic B, Mellett NA, Laskowski A, Stait TL, Frazier AE, Coughlan MT, Meikle PJ, Thorburn DR, Stroud DA, Bishop DJ. High-intensity training induces non-stoichiometric changes in the mitochondrial proteome of human skeletal muscle without reorganisation of respiratory chain content. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7056. [PMID: 34862379 PMCID: PMC8642543 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial defects are implicated in multiple diseases and aging. Exercise training is an accessible, inexpensive therapeutic intervention that can improve mitochondrial bioenergetics and quality of life. By combining multiple omics techniques with biochemical and in silico normalisation, we removed the bias arising from the training-induced increase in mitochondrial content to unearth an intricate and previously undemonstrated network of differentially prioritised mitochondrial adaptations. We show that changes in hundreds of transcripts, proteins, and lipids are not stoichiometrically linked to the overall increase in mitochondrial content. Our findings suggest enhancing electron flow to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is more important to improve ATP generation than increasing the abundance of the OXPHOS machinery, and do not support the hypothesis that training-induced supercomplex formation enhances mitochondrial bioenergetics. Our study provides an analytical approach allowing unbiased and in-depth investigations of training-induced mitochondrial adaptations, challenging our current understanding, and calling for careful reinterpretation of previous findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cesare Granata
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 3011, Australia.
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich Heine University, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Nikeisha J Caruana
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 3011, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Javier Botella
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 3011, Australia
| | - Nicholas A Jamnick
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 3011, Australia
- Metabolic Research Unit, School of Medicine and Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (iMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Kevin Huynh
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Jujiao Kuang
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 3011, Australia
| | - Hans A Janssen
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 3011, Australia
| | - Boris Reljic
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, 3800, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Adrienne Laskowski
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Tegan L Stait
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Ann E Frazier
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Melinda T Coughlan
- Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Peter J Meikle
- Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - David R Thorburn
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - David A Stroud
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology and Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia.
| | - David J Bishop
- Institute for Health and Sport (iHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, 3011, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yoon SY, Suh JH, Yang SN, Han K, Kim YW. Association of Physical Activity, Including Amount and Maintenance, With All-Cause Mortality in Parkinson Disease. JAMA Neurol 2021; 78:1446-1453. [PMID: 34724534 PMCID: PMC8561431 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.3926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Importance The protective effects of physical activity (PA) against Parkinson disease (PD) development have been suggested; however, the association of PA with mortality in PD has rarely been investigated. Objective To evaluate the association between PA and mortality in individuals with PD and determine how the amount and maintenance of PA are associated with mortality. Design, Setting, and Participants This nationwide population-based cohort study used Korean National Health Insurance System data. Participants were included from January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2013, and were followed up until December 31, 2017. Data were analyzed from September 2020 to March 2021. Individuals who were newly diagnosed with PD were selected using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision code G20 and registration code V124 in the program for rare intractable diseases in 2010 through 2013. Individuals who underwent health checkups within 2 years before and after the PD diagnosis were enrolled. Those aged younger than 40 years or with missing data were excluded. Exposures Physical activity levels were collected using self-reported questionnaires. Main Outcomes and Measures All-cause mortality. Results A total of 45 923 individuals were identified; 10 987 were enrolled, and 34 individuals younger than 40 years and 254 with missing data were excluded. A total of 10 699 individuals with PD were included; 4925 (46%) were male and 5774 (54%) were female, and the mean (SD) age was 69.2 (8.8) years. During the 8-year follow-up period, there were 1823 deaths (17%). The mortality rate was lower among individuals who were physically active vs inactive at all PA intensities (vigorous: hazard ratio [HR], 0.80 [95% CI, 0.69-0.93]; moderate: HR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.55-0.78]; light: HR, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.73-0.90]). There was a significant inverse dose-response association between the total amount of PA and mortality (HRs: vigorous, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.69-0.93]; moderate, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.55-0.78]; light, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.73-0.90]; P < .001). Moreover, maintenance of PA was associated with the mortality rate. Individuals with PD who were physically active both before and after the PD diagnosis had the greatest reduction in mortality rate across all PA intensities (HRs: vigorous, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.50-0.88]; moderate, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.32-0.75]; light, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.66-0.89]). Individuals who started PA after receiving the PD diagnosis had a lower mortality rate than those who remained physically inactive (HRs: vigorous, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.70-0.97]; moderate, 0.69 [95% CI, 0.57-0.83]; light, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.78-0.98]). Conclusions and Relevance This analysis found a dose-response association between PA and all-cause mortality in PD. Reverse causality may exist, and future prospective randomized clinical trials are warranted to determine the effect of PA on mortality in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seo Yeon Yoon
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Suh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Bundang Jesaeng General Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Nam Yang
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Wook Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chu-Tan JA, Kirkby M, Natoli R. Running to save sight: The effects of exercise on retinal health and function. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 50:74-90. [PMID: 34741489 DOI: 10.1111/ceo.14023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The benefits of exercise to human health have long been recognised. However, only in the past decade have researchers started to discover the molecular benefits that exercise confers, especially to the central nervous system (CNS). These discoveries include the magnitude of molecular messages that are communicated from skeletal muscle to the CNS. Despite these advances in understanding, very limited studies have been conducted to decipher the molecular benefits of exercise in retinal health and disease. Here, we review the latest work on the effects of exercise on the retina and discuss its effects on the wider CNS, with a focus on demonstrating the potential applicability and comparative molecular mechanisms that may be occurring in the retina. This review covers the key molecular pathways where exercise exerts its effects: oxidative stress and mitochondrial health; inflammation; protein aggregation; neuronal health; and tissue crosstalk via extracellular vesicles. Further research on the benefits of exercise to the retina and its molecular messages within extracellular vesicles is highly topical in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Chu-Tan
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia.,The Australian National University Medical School, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Max Kirkby
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| | - Riccardo Natoli
- The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia.,The Australian National University Medical School, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sandroff BM, Richardson EV, Motl RW. The Neurologist as an Agent of Exercise Rehabilitation in Multiple Sclerosis. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2021; 49:260-266. [PMID: 34049322 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review hypothesizes that the neurologist represents the linchpin of exercise behavior change within comprehensive multiple sclerosis (MS) care settings. This is based on a series of recent articles that developed actionable practice models for accomplishing such behavior change through the neurologist as the primary agent. This provides tangible, next steps for exercise promotion in MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma V Richardson
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Robert W Motl
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Llamas-Velasco S, Contador I, Méndez-Guerrero A, Romero Ferreiro C, Benito-León J, Villarejo-Galende A, Bermejo-Pareja F. Physical activity and risk of Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism in a prospective population-based study (NEDICES). Prev Med Rep 2021; 23:101485. [PMID: 34307002 PMCID: PMC8283037 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate whether physical activity (PA) is a protective factor for the incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) and parkinsonism after three years of follow-up. All participants of this study were obtained from the Neurological Disorders in Central Spain (NEDICES), a prospective population-based cohort survey of older subjects (≥65 years) that comprised 5278 census-based participants at baseline (1994-1995). A modified version of Rosow-Breslau questionnaire was applied to categorize PA into active versus sedentary group. The final diagnosis of PD and parkinsonism was made by an expert neurologist. Cox regression models (CRM) adjusted for several covariates (sex, age, education, alcohol consumption, tobacco, stroke, hypertension and body mass index) were used to calculate the association between PA (active group vs. sedentary) and risk of PD and parkinsonism after three years. 22 incident PD and 25 incident parkinsonism cases were identified among 2943 participants with available PA information (57.1% female; mean age = 73.28 ± 6.24 years) after three years of follow-up. The CRM showed that the active group (vs. sedentary) showed a lower risk of parkinsonism (Hazard ratio (HR) = 0.18; 95% CI [0.07-0.51]; p = 0.0001). However, this effect was restricted to men (HR = 0.34; 95% CI [0.11-0.99], p < 0.05) for incident PD. PA may be a protective factor for incident parkinsonism, whereas this effect was only significant for men in the case of PD. The mechanisms implicated for brain maintenance in active individuals and the neurophysiological differences behind the role of sex on PD are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Llamas-Velasco
- Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Israel Contador
- Department of Basic Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology of Behavioral Science, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Carmen Romero Ferreiro
- Research Institute (imas12), Hospital 12 de Octubre, Epidemiology Section, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Benito-León
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Villarejo-Galende
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Bermejo-Pareja
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hospital 12 de Octubre Research Institute (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Olubodun-Obadun TG, Ishola IO, Adeyemi OO. Potentials of autophagy enhancing natural products in the treatment of Parkinson disease. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2021; 0:dmdi-2021-0128. [PMID: 34391219 DOI: 10.1515/dmdi-2021-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms due to loss of striatal dopaminergic neurons and disruption of degradation signaling leading to the formation of Lewy bodies (aggregation of α-synuclein). Presently, there are no disease modifying therapy for PD despite improvement in the understanding of the disease pathogenesis. However, the drugs currently used in PD management provide symptomatic relieve for motor symptoms without significant improvement in non-motor complications, thus, a public health burden on caregivers and healthcare systems. There is therefore the need to discover disease modifying therapy with strong potential to halt the disease progression. Recent trend has shown that the dysfunction of lysosomal-autophagy pathway is highly implicated in PD pathology, hence, making autophagy a key player owing to its involvement in degradation and clearance of misfolded α-synuclein (a major hallmark in PD pathology). In this review, we described the current drugs/strategy in the management of PD including targeting the autophagy pathway as a novel approach that could serve as potential intervention for PD management. The discovery of small molecules or natural products capable of enhancing autophagy mechanism could be a promising strategy for PD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo G Olubodun-Obadun
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Ismail O Ishola
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Olufunmilayo O Adeyemi
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Olubodun-Obadun TG, Ishola IO, Adeyemi OO. Potentials of autophagy enhancing natural products in the treatment of Parkinson disease. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2021; 37:99-110. [PMID: 35737301 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2021-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms due to loss of striatal dopaminergic neurons and disruption of degradation signaling leading to the formation of Lewy bodies (aggregation of α-synuclein). Presently, there are no disease modifying therapy for PD despite improvement in the understanding of the disease pathogenesis. However, the drugs currently used in PD management provide symptomatic relieve for motor symptoms without significant improvement in non-motor complications, thus, a public health burden on caregivers and healthcare systems. There is therefore the need to discover disease modifying therapy with strong potential to halt the disease progression. Recent trend has shown that the dysfunction of lysosomal-autophagy pathway is highly implicated in PD pathology, hence, making autophagy a key player owing to its involvement in degradation and clearance of misfolded α-synuclein (a major hallmark in PD pathology). In this review, we described the current drugs/strategy in the management of PD including targeting the autophagy pathway as a novel approach that could serve as potential intervention for PD management. The discovery of small molecules or natural products capable of enhancing autophagy mechanism could be a promising strategy for PD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taiwo G Olubodun-Obadun
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Ismail O Ishola
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| | - Olufunmilayo O Adeyemi
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fiorilli G, Quinzi F, Buonsenso A, Casazza G, Manni L, Parisi A, Di Costanzo A, Calcagno G, Soligo M, di Cagno A. A Single Session of Whole-Body Electromyostimulation Increases Muscle Strength, Endurance and proNGF in Early Parkinson Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:5499. [PMID: 34065571 PMCID: PMC8161270 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) patients lead a sedentary lifestyle, being unable or unwilling to exercise conventionally, due to physical and mental limitations. The aim of this study was to assess the acute effects of a single session of whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) on the physical performances and serum levels of the neurotrophic factors in PD patients. Ten subjects (aged 72.60 ± 6.82) underwent 20 min of physical activity with superimposed WB-EMS and, after four weeks, the same protocol with no WB-EMS. WB-EMS was conducted with intermittent stimulation, with 4 s WB-EMS/4 s rest, at 85 Hz, 350 μs. A physical fitness assessment and blood samples collection, to evaluate neurotrophic factors' levels (BDNF, FGF21, proNGF, mNGF), were collected before and after the intervention. The RM-ANOVA showed significant improvements in sit-to-stand (p < 0.01), arm curl (p < 0.01), handgrip (p < 0.01) and soda pop test (p < 0.01) after the WB-EMS intervention. Higher proNFG serum levels were observed in the WB-EMS condition compared to the no WB-EMS after 60 min post-intervention (p = 0.0163). The effect of WB-EMS confirmed the electrostimulation ability to modulate the proNGF quantity. The positive impact of the WB-EMS protocol on physical functioning, and eye-hand coordination, makes this intervention a promising strategy to improve motor and non-motor symptoms in PD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Fiorilli
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.F.); (A.B.); (G.C.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Federico Quinzi
- Department of Motor, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00197 Rome, Italy; (F.Q.); (A.P.); (A.d.C.)
| | - Andrea Buonsenso
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.F.); (A.B.); (G.C.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Giusy Casazza
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.F.); (A.B.); (G.C.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Luigi Manni
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Attilio Parisi
- Department of Motor, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00197 Rome, Italy; (F.Q.); (A.P.); (A.d.C.)
| | - Alfonso Di Costanzo
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.F.); (A.B.); (G.C.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Calcagno
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (G.F.); (A.B.); (G.C.); (A.D.C.)
| | - Marzia Soligo
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, 00133 Rome, Italy; (L.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Alessandra di Cagno
- Department of Motor, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00197 Rome, Italy; (F.Q.); (A.P.); (A.d.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Feliciano JS, Rodrigues SMA, de Carvalho Lana R, Polese JC. Predictors of physical activity levels in individuals with Parkinson's disease: a cross-sectional study. Neurol Sci 2021; 42:1499-1505. [PMID: 32870459 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04701-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate whether modifiable predictors (depressive symptoms, impairment in behavior and mood, balance impairments, and knee extensor muscle strength) are determinants of the physical activity level in Parkinson's disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study with individuals diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Regression analysis of the data was used to investigate whether depressive symptoms, impairments in behavior and mood, balance impairments, or dominant knee extensor muscle strength are predictors of physical activity levels in Parkinson's disease. RESULTS A total of 50 individuals with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease participated in this study, with a mean age of 67 ± 8 years and 68% male. Balance impairments explained 29% of the variation in the physical activity levels. The explained variance increased to 34% when depressive symptoms were included in the model. CONCLUSION Among the predictor variables investigated in our study, only balance impairments and depressive symptoms explained the variance in physical activity levels in individuals with Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Soares Feliciano
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Alameda Ezequiel Dias, 275, Centro, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30120-010, Brazil
| | - Samara Maria Alves Rodrigues
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Alameda Ezequiel Dias, 275, Centro, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30120-010, Brazil
| | - Raquel de Carvalho Lana
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Alameda Ezequiel Dias, 275, Centro, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30120-010, Brazil
| | - Janaine Cunha Polese
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Alameda Ezequiel Dias, 275, Centro, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30120-010, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Schaible F, Maier F, Buchwitz TM, Schwartz F, Hoock M, Schönau E, Libuda M, Hordt A, van Eimeren T, Timmermann L, Eggers C. Effects of Lee Silverman Voice Treatment BIG and conventional physiotherapy on non-motor and motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled study comparing three exercise models. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2021; 14:1756286420986744. [PMID: 33680093 PMCID: PMC7897809 DOI: 10.1177/1756286420986744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients experience disabling motor dysfunctions as well as non-motor symptoms (NMSs) that can highly impact their perceived quality of life. Besides pharmacological treatment options, active intervention programs have set some attention in managing these symptoms. However, previous studies mainly assessed the effectiveness of active intervention programs on functional mobility and motor symptoms. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) BIG, an intensified and personalized physiotherapy (INTENSIVE), and a conventional physiotherapy (NORMAL) on NMSs in PD. Method: Forty-four patients with mild to moderate PD were randomly assigned to one of the three treatment groups. LSVT BIG and INTENSIVE were delivered one-on-one in 16 1-hour sessions within 4 weeks (4×/week). Patients assigned to NORMAL received 16 individual 1-hour sessions within 8 weeks (2×/week). The primary outcome measure was the difference in change from baseline in the non-motor symptom assessment scale for Parkinson’s disease (NMSS) between treatment groups to follow up at week 8. Patients were blinded for the NMSS being the primary outcome, but not the different treatment groups. Results: ANCOVA (Analysis of Covariance) showed reduced NMSS scores for all groups, with INTENSIVE being superior to NORMAL (p = 0.033). For secondary outcome measures (stride length, gait velocity and chair rising test) LSVT BIG and INTENSIVE were both superior to NORMAL. Conclusions: The study provides evidence that all three exercise programs are effective techniques to improve NMSs as well as motor function in PD. DRKS registration number: DRKS00008732
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Schaible
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Franziska Maier
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Frank Schwartz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marius Hoock
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eckhard Schönau
- Pediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, UniReha, Germany
| | - Miriam Libuda
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, UniReha, Germany
| | - Anke Hordt
- University of Cologne, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Center of Prevention and Rehabilitation, UniReha, Germany
| | - Thilo van Eimeren
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lars Timmermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Eggers
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Marburg, Baldingerstr. 1, Marburg 35033, Germany Marburg Center of Mind, Brain and Behavior, Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
De Oliveira GS, Pinheiro GS, Proença IC, Blembeel A, Casal MZ, Pochmann D, Tartaruga L, Martinez FG, Araújo AS, Elsner V, Dani C. Aquatic exercise associated or not with grape juice consumption-modulated oxidative parameters in Parkinson disease patients: A randomized intervention study. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06185. [PMID: 33644467 PMCID: PMC7887390 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with significant motor disabilities and cognitive decline. Importantly, the imbalance of oxidative stress is related to PD physiopathology and progression. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of grape juice consumption associated with an aquatic exercise protocol on oxidative stress parameters and cognitive function in individuals with PD. The participants were randomized into two groups: grape juice group (GJG) and control group (CG) and were submitted to 4 weeks of an aquatic intervention (twice a week, approximately 60 minutes/session). The GJG also consumed 400 ml of grape juice per day (integral and conventional) during this period. Cognitive function was assessed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCa) questionnaire. For the analysis of oxidative stress markers, specifically lipid oxidative damage (TBARS), proteins (Carbonil), acid uric and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase), blood collection were done before and after intervention. No changes were observed in cognitive function after intervention in both groups. Regarding biomarkers, a reduction of antioxidant enzymes, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and uric acid was observed in both groups. However, only the GJG showed a significant reduction on protein oxidation levels after intervention. In conclusion, the consumption of grape juice associated with an aquatic exercise protocol might be consider an effective alternative to reduce the oxidative damage in PD, reinforcing the importance of this intervention in promoting beneficial impact in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gislaine S. Pinheiro
- Curso de Fisioterapia do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Isabel C.T. Proença
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação, Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amanda Blembeel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação, Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcela Z. Casal
- Laboratório de Pesquisa do Exercício, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Pochmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação, Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Tartaruga
- Laboratório de Pesquisa do Exercício, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Flavia G. Martinez
- Laboratório de Pesquisa do Exercício, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander Araújo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Viviane Elsner
- Curso de Fisioterapia do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação, Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Dani
- Curso de Fisioterapia do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação, Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Feng SH, Huang YP, Yeh KC, Pan SL. Osteoporosis and the Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Nationwide, Propensity Score-Matched, Longitudinal Follow-up Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:e763-e771. [PMID: 33236101 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Osteoporosis and Parkinson's disease (PD) often co-occur, and even patients with early-stage PD may have reduced bone-mineral density levels. This may imply that osteoporosis is associated with a higher risk of PD. OBJECTIVES This work aimed to determine whether patients with osteoporosis are at a higher risk of subsequently developing PD. DESIGN AND SETTING A retrospective cohort study was conducted using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. PARTICIPANTS A total of 23 495 individuals age 50 to 80 years who had osteoporosis between 2002 and 2006 were enrolled in the osteoporosis group. The comparison group comprised 23 495 propensity score-matched patients without osteoporosis. Their propensity scores were computed using a logistic regression model that included age, sex, comorbid conditions, and socioeconomic status. RESULTS The hazard ratio (HR) of PD for the osteoporosis group was 1.31 times larger than that of the comparison group (95% CI, 1.13-1.50, P < .001). The PD-free survival rate of the osteoporosis group was also significantly lower than that of the comparison group (P < .001). The analyses stratified by sex showed that women with osteoporosis appeared to have a higher magnitude of PD HR (HR 1.50; 95% CI, 1.27-1.77, P < .001) than their male counterparts (HR 1.23; 95% CI, 0.93-1.64, P = .15). CONCLUSIONS The present study's results suggest that osteoporosis is related to an increased risk of PD, especially among women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hao Feng
- Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Chu-Tung branch, Hsin-Chu County, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ping Huang
- Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin branch, Yun-Lin County, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Yeh
- Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Liang Pan
- Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zanardi APJ, da Silva ES, Costa RR, Passos-Monteiro E, Dos Santos IO, Kruel LFM, Peyré-Tartaruga LA. Gait parameters of Parkinson's disease compared with healthy controls: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:752. [PMID: 33436993 PMCID: PMC7804291 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80768-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We systematically reviewed observational and clinical trials (baseline) studies examining differences in gait parameters between Parkinson’s disease (PD) in on-medication state and healthy control. Four electronic databases were searched (November-2018 and updated in October-2020). Independent researchers identified studies that evaluated gait parameters measured quantitatively during self-selected walking speed. Risk of bias was assessed using an instrument proposed by Downs and Black (1998). Pooled effects were reported as standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals using a random-effects model. A total of 72 studies involving 3027 participants (1510 with PD and 1517 health control) met the inclusion criteria. The self-selected walking speed, stride length, swing time and hip excursion were reduced in people with PD compared with healthy control. Additionally, PD subjects presented higher cadence and double support time. Although with a smaller difference for treadmill, walking speed is reduced both on treadmill (.13 m s−1) and on overground (.17 m s−1) in PD. The self-select walking speed, stride length, cadence, double support, swing time and sagittal hip angle were altered in people with PD compared with healthy control. The precise determination of these modifications will be beneficial in determining which intervention elements are most critical in bringing about positive, clinically meaningful changes in individuals with PD (PROSPERO protocol CRD42018113042).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Janner Zanardi
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, 750 Felizardo St, Porto Alegre, RS, 90690-200, Brazil.,Univel University Center, Cascavel, Brazil
| | - Edson Soares da Silva
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, 750 Felizardo St, Porto Alegre, RS, 90690-200, Brazil
| | - Rochelle Rocha Costa
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, 750 Felizardo St, Porto Alegre, RS, 90690-200, Brazil
| | - Elren Passos-Monteiro
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, 750 Felizardo St, Porto Alegre, RS, 90690-200, Brazil.,Laboratory of PhysioMechanics of Locomotion, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
| | - Ivan Oliveira Dos Santos
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, 750 Felizardo St, Porto Alegre, RS, 90690-200, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Martins Kruel
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, 750 Felizardo St, Porto Alegre, RS, 90690-200, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
McMahon J, Chazot P. Dance and Parkinson's: Biological perspective and rationale. LIFESTYLE MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/lim2.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Chazot
- Department of Biosciences Durham University Durham UK
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mattson MP. Applying available knowledge and resources to alleviate familial and sporadic neurodegenerative disorders. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2020; 177:91-107. [PMID: 33453944 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Here I present the scientific rationale and implementation strategies for elimination of early-onset neurodegenerative disorders (EONDD) from future generations, and for risk reduction and treatments for the more common late-onset neurodegenerative disorders (LONDD). Young adults with a family history of an EONDD should be educated on the genetics and familial burden of EONDD. They can then be genotyped and, if positive for the mutation, counseled as to how they can ensure that none of their children will be affected by choosing either adoption or in vitro fertilization and preimplantation genetic testing. LONDD risk reduction will require education of physicians and patients on the benefits of regular intermittent bioenergetic and cognitive challenges (exercise, intermittent fasting, intellectual challenges and social engagement) for brain health, and on specific risk-reduction regimens. Regulations will be required to counteract the disease-promoting mercenary practices of the processed food and pharmaceutical industries. Clinical trials of pharmacological interventions should shift to small trials of agents that substantially mimic mechanisms of action of exercise and intermittent fasting to bolster neuronal bioenergetics and stress resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Mattson
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Brown EG, Goldman SM. Modulation of the Microbiome in Parkinson's Disease: Diet, Drug, Stool Transplant, and Beyond. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:1406-1417. [PMID: 33034846 PMCID: PMC7851230 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-020-00942-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal microbiome is altered in Parkinson's disease and likely plays a key role in its pathophysiology, affecting symptoms and response to therapy and perhaps modifying progression or even disease initiation. Gut dysbiosis therefore has a significant potential as a therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease, a condition elusive to disease-modifying therapy thus far. The gastrointestinal environment hosts a complex ecology, and efforts to modulate the relative abundance or function of established microorganisms are still in their infancy. Still, these techniques are being rapidly developed and have important implications for our understanding of Parkinson's disease. Currently, modulation of the microbiome can be achieved through non-pharmacologic means such as diet, pharmacologically through probiotic, prebiotic, or antibiotic use and procedurally through fecal transplant. Novel techniques being explored include the use of small molecules or genetically engineered organisms, with vast potential. Here, we review how some of these approaches have been used to date, important areas of ongoing research, and how microbiome modulation may play a role in the clinical management of Parkinson's disease in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan G Brown
- Division of Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation, Weill Institute of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Samuel M Goldman
- Division of Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation, Weill Institute of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li C, An H, Wang J, Jiang Z, Zhang T, Huo Q. Comparison of efficacy and safety of complementary and alternative therapies for Parkinson's disease: A Bayesian network meta-analysis protocol. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22265. [PMID: 32957377 PMCID: PMC7505290 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been on the rise. However, the existing therapy of PD cannot fundamentally treat the disease. Meanwhile, the complementary and alternative therapies of PD have played a positive role in the treatment of PD. Traditional meta-analysis was only able to compare 2 interventions, while the efficacy and safety of many complementary and alternative therapies were not comparable. Therefore, this study compared the efficacy and safety of different complementary and alternative therapies through network meta-analysis (NMA). METHODS A comprehensive search of randomized controlled trials of complementary and alternative therapies for PD, as well as trials currently in progress, will be conducted until August 2020. Literature and data extraction were independently completed by two researchers. Through the meta-analysis of pairwise comparison and Bayesian NMA, all evidences are comprehensively evaluated. Use STATA15.0 and WinBUGS1.4.3 software for data processing and analysis, and use grading of recommendations assessment development and evaluation to classify the quality of evidence in the NMA. RESULTS The aim of this study is to obtain a ranking of efficacy and safety of different complementary and alternative therapies for PD. CONCLUSION Complementary and alternative therapies for PD have positive significance in improving the symptoms of PD, and can provide evidence support for clinicians and patients. INPLASY REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY202080079.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuancheng Li
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan
| | - Hongqiang An
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan
| | - Zhenyuan Jiang
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan
| | - Qing Huo
- Xintai People's Hospital, Xintai
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Exercise-Induced Neuroprotection in the 6-Hydroxydopamine Parkinson's Disease Model. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:850-858. [PMID: 32803628 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Exercise exerts helpful effects in Parkinson's disease. In this study, the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) injection was used to investigate the effect of exercise on apomorphine-induced rotation and neurorestoration. Rats (n = 32) were divided into four groups: (1) Saline+Noexercise (Sham); (2) 6-OHDA+Noexercise (6-OHDA); (3) Saline+Exercise (S+EXE), and (4) 6-OHDA+Exercise (6-OHDA+EXE). The rats were administered 8 μg 6-OHDA by injection into the right medial forebrain bundle. After 2 weeks, the exercise group was run (14 consecutive days, 30 min per day). One month after the surgery, following the injection of apomorphine, the 6-OHDA group displayed a significant increase in rotation and the 6-OHDA+EXE group showed a significant reduction of rotational asymmetry (P < 0.001). 6-OHDA injection reduced the mRNA and protein expression of the AMP-activated protein kinase, brain-derived neurotropic factor, and tyrosine hydroxylase in relation to the Sham group and exercise increased these levels. Expression of the silent information regulator 2 homolog 1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha was unexpectedly enhanced in the 6-OHDA groups in relation to the Sham group. These findings suggest that the 6-OHDA injection increased the neurodegeneration and mitochondrial and behavioral dysfunctions and the treadmill running attenuated these disorders in the ipsilateral striatum of the 6-OHDA+EXE group.
Collapse
|
44
|
Crotty GF, Schwarzschild MA. Chasing Protection in Parkinson's Disease: Does Exercise Reduce Risk and Progression? Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:186. [PMID: 32636740 PMCID: PMC7318912 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise may be the most commonly offered yet least consistently followed therapeutic advice for people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Epidemiological studies of prospectively followed cohorts have shown a lower risk for later developing PD in healthy people who report moderate to high levels of physical activity, and slower rates of motor and non-motor symptom progression in people with PD who report higher baseline physical activity. In animal models of PD, exercise can reduce inflammation, decrease α-synuclein expression, reduce mitochondrial dysfunction, and increase neurotrophic growth factor expression. Randomized controlled trials of exercise in PD have provided clear evidence for short-term benefits on many PD measurements scales, ranging from disease severity to quality of life. In this review, we present these convergent epidemiological and laboratory data with particular attention to translationally relevant features of exercise (e.g., intensity requirements, gender differences, and associated biomarkers). In the context of these findings we will discuss clinical trial experience, design challenges, and emerging opportunities for determining whether exercise can prevent PD or slow its long-term progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace F. Crotty
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
A review of possible therapies for Parkinson's disease. J Clin Neurosci 2020; 76:1-4. [PMID: 32278516 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex condition with a wide range of symptoms, like impaired movement, tremors, apathy and depression, and many other symptoms. The disease results from degeneration of dopaminergic neural cells. No cure at present but symptomatic some palliative treatments are available to slow down the disease progression. According to the Parkinson's Foundation every year in U.S., approximately 60,000 Americans diagnosed with PD. Nearly one million will be living with PD in the U.S. by 2020, which is more than the combined number of people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). There is no diagnostic test for PD, yet, but this article will review all kinds symptomatic and disease-modifying therapy.
Collapse
|
46
|
Chakraborty A, Brauer S, Diwan A. Possible therapies of Parkinson's disease: A review. J Clin Neurosci 2020; 75:1-4. [PMID: 32247740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex condition with a wide range of symptoms, like impaired movement, tremors, apathy and depression, and many other symptoms. The disease results from degeneration of dopaminergic neural cells. No cure at present but symptomatic some palliative treatments are available to slow down the disease progression. According to the Parkinson's Foundation every year in U.S., approximately 60,000 Americans diagnosed with PD. Nearly one million will be living with PD in the U.S. by 2020, which is more than the combined number of people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, muscular dystrophy and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). There is no diagnostic test for PD, yet, but this article will review all kinds symptomatic and disease-modifying therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sam Brauer
- Allexcel, Inc., 1 Controls Drive, Shelton 06484, CT, United States
| | - Anil Diwan
- Allexcel, Inc., 1 Controls Drive, Shelton 06484, CT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Xie YJ, Gao Q, He CQ, Bian R. Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Gait and Freezing of Gait in Parkinson Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2020; 101:130-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
48
|
Dani C, Proença IT, Marinho J, Peccin P, da Silva IRV, Nique S, Striebel V, Pochmann D, Elsner VR. Aquatic exercise program-modulated oxidative stress markers in patients with Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:2067-2072. [PMID: 32394964 PMCID: PMC7716021 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.276337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease. Oxidative stress, i.e., the imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species and the antioxidant defense capacity of the body, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Physical exercise can regulate oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to analyze the short- and long-term effects of an aquatic exercise program on oxidative stress levels in patients with Parkinson’s disease. The aquatic exercise program was carried out during 1 month with two sessions per week (1 hour/session). Blood samples were collected at four different time points: pre-intervention, immediately, 48 hours, and 30 days after the first session of aquatic exercise program. Our results revealed that water-based programs modulated antioxidant enzyme activity, increased superoxide dismutase activity, reduced catalase activity, and increased the ratio of superoxide dismutase activity to catalase activity in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Compared with pre-intervention and 48 hours after the first session of aquatic exercise program, superoxide dismutase activity was higher and catalase activity was lower immediately and 30 days after the first session. Our results demonstrated that aquatic exercise program could modulate oxidative stress, mainly by the effect of antioxidant enzyme activity. These results could better help understand the target of oxidative stress in Parkinson’s disease. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Centro Universitário Metodista IPA (approval No. 1.373.911) on August 9, 2019 and registered with REBEC (registration number: RBR-6NJ4MK).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dani
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre; Programa de Pós Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Isabel Teixeira Proença
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Jessica Marinho
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pâmela Peccin
- Curso de Fisioterapia do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ivy Reichert Vital da Silva
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Simone Nique
- Curso de Fisioterapia do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera Striebel
- Curso de Fisioterapia do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniela Pochmann
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Viviane Rostirola Elsner
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biociências e Reabilitação do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA; Curso de Fisioterapia do Centro Universitário Metodista-IPA; Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is an aging-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor impairment.The etiology of PD is poorly understood but likely involves both genetic and environmental factors; the management of the disease is still with symptomatic therapy without any interference on the progression of neurodegeneration. In the past two decades, the results of a series of prospective cohort studies suggested that lifestyle factors likely modify the risk of developing PD. Among these, physical activity is known to reduce the risk of a wide range of diseases and conditions, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, and diabetes.Recently, a growing body of evidence has suggested that increased physical activity may also reduce the risk of PD and partly improve motor and non-motor symptoms during the disease course.Here we report the main findings on the effect of physical activity on both mobility and cognition either in animal models of PD or in people with PD. We also highlighted the structural and functional links between gait and cognition by reporting evidence from neuroimaging studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Bonavita
- II Clinic of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Oliveira LOD, da Silva PIC, Filho RPR, Progênio RCS, de Oliveira VDPS, Silva RC, de Andrade MC, da Silva Freitas JJ, Kietzer KS. Prior exercise protects against oxidative stress and motor deficit in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:175-181. [PMID: 31782038 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00507-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated if a prior long-term physical exercise protocol protects the substantia nigra and the striatum against oxidative stress and motor deficits in a Parkinson Disease model induced by 6-hydroxydopamine. Three animal treatment groups were included in the study: sham; 6-hydroxydopamine and 6-hydroxydopamine/exercise. Previously to the intrastriatal lesion by 6-hydroxydopamine, rats in the exercise groups performed a swimming program for 18 weeks. The rats were submitted to behavioral tests before and after intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine injection. The oxidative stress was analyzed by Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances and Glutathione reductase activity methods. The exercise decreased lipid peroxidation and increased glutathione reductase activity in the substantia nigra. In contrast, in the striatum, exercise increased lipid peroxidation and decreased glutathione reductase activity. Exercise increased contralateral rotations and reduces immobility levels at 14 days post lesion. The exercise prior to 6-OHDA lesion had protective action only in substantia nigra against oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonam Oliver Durval Oliveira
- Laboratory of Morphophysiology Applied to Health, University of Pará State, Perebebuí Street 2623, Marco, Belém, PA, 66087662, Brazil.
| | - Pedro Iuri Castro da Silva
- Laboratory of Morphophysiology Applied to Health, University of Pará State, Perebebuí Street 2623, Marco, Belém, PA, 66087662, Brazil
| | - Renato Pereira Rodrigues Filho
- Laboratory of Morphophysiology Applied to Health, University of Pará State, Perebebuí Street 2623, Marco, Belém, PA, 66087662, Brazil
| | | | | | - Renata Cunha Silva
- Laboratory of Morphophysiology Applied to Health, University of Pará State, Perebebuí Street 2623, Marco, Belém, PA, 66087662, Brazil
| | - Mariseth Carvalho de Andrade
- Laboratory of Morphophysiology Applied to Health, University of Pará State, Perebebuí Street 2623, Marco, Belém, PA, 66087662, Brazil
| | - Jofre Jacob da Silva Freitas
- Morphology and Physiological Sciences Department, University of Pará State, Perebebuí Street 2623, Marco, Belém, PA, 66087662, Brazil
| | - Katia Simone Kietzer
- Morphology and Physiological Sciences Department, University of Pará State, Perebebuí Street 2623, Marco, Belém, PA, 66087662, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|