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Paul M, Hong F, Falet H, Kim H. Gelsolin controls the release of phosphatidylserine (PS)-positive microvesicles (MVs) from platelets. Cell Signal 2024; 124:111433. [PMID: 39321905 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Upon activation by vascular injury or extracellular agonists, platelets undergo rapid change shape, a process regulated by the actin cytoskeleton and accessory proteins. Platelet shape change is accompanied by the secretion of hemostatic factors and immunomodulatory cytokines from their intracellular granules, as well as the release of microvesicles (MVs) containing pro-inflammatory cytokines and procoagulant phosphatidylserine (PS). However, the role of actin dynamics in MV generation remains unclear. In this study, we found that blocking actin polymerization with cytochalasin D attenuated the release of PS-positive MVs in human platelets stimulated by thrombin or the calcium ionophore A23187. The actin-severing protein gelsolin (Gsn) facilitates normal actin filament turnover in activated platelets. Platelets from Gsn-deficient (Gsn-/-) mice showed reduced MV release compared to platelets from control mice. These findings indicate that the proper dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton are essential for MV generation in platelets, which has implications for their pro-inflammatory and procoagulant functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Paul
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Felix Hong
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hervé Falet
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Hugh Kim
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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2
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Paul M, Hong F, Falet H, Kim H. Gelsolin regulates receptor-mediated and fluid-phase endocytosis in platelets. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:2601-2607. [PMID: 38777258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocytosis is the process by which platelets incorporate extracellular molecules into their secretory granules. Endocytosis is mediated by the actin cytoskeleton in nucleated cells; however, the endocytic mechanisms in platelets are undefined. OBJECTIVES To better understand platelet endocytosis, we studied gelsolin (Gsn), an actin-severing protein that promotes actin assembly. METHODS Mouse platelets from Gsn-null (Gsn-/-) and wild-type (WT) controls were used. The uptake of fluorescent cargo molecules was compared as a measure of their endocytic efficiency. Receptor-mediated endocytosis was measured by the uptake of fibrinogen and transferrin; fluid-phase endocytosis was monitored by the uptake of fluorescent dextrans. RESULTS Adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-stimulated WT platelets readily internalized both receptor-mediated and fluid-phase cargoes. In contrast, Gsn-/- platelets showed a severe defect in the endocytosis of both types of cargo. The treatment of WT platelets with the actin-disrupting drugs cytochalasin D and jasplakinolide also reduced endocytosis. Notably, the individual and combined effects of Gsn deletion and drug treatment were similar for both receptor-mediated and fluid-phase endocytosis, indicating that Gsn mediates endocytosis via its action on the actin cytoskeleton. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that Gsn plays a key role in the uptake of bioactive mediators by platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Paul
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Felix Hong
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hervé Falet
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Hugh Kim
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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3
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Tokgöz Çakır B, Aktemur G, Karabay G, Şeyhanlı Z, Topkara Sucu S, Eroğlu ÖO, Yılmaz Ergani S, İskender CT. Evaluating the diagnostic potential of gelsolin in gestational diabetes mellitus: A case-control study. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024. [PMID: 39166433 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and blood levels of gelsolin (an inflammation-related protein thought to be reduced in type 2 diabetes mellitus) and to determine its role in potential diagnosis and neonatal outcomes. METHODS This prospective case-control study was conducted at Ankara Etlik City Hospital between November 2023 and February 2024 with 40 pregnant women with GDM and 40 normoglycemic women. Pregnant women aged 18-40 years who were in their 24th to 28th week of pregnancy and had no known chronic disease were included in the present study and it was investigated as to whether there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of gelsolin levels and neonatal outcome. RESULTS Gelsolin level was statistically significantly lower in the GDM group than in the control group (P = 0.004). In patients with fasting blood glucose <96 mg/dL, maternal serum gelsolin levels were associated with GDM, with a cut-off of 15.38 or less, showing a sensitivity of 73%, a specificity of 67%, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.703 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.576-0.810, P = 0.002). There was no difference between groups in terms of adverse obstetric outcomes, but gelsolin levels were associated with composite neonatal adverse outcome (macrosomia, Apgar score at 5 min less than 7, preterm birth, need for neonatal intensive care), with a cut-off value of 16.66 or less showing a sensitivity of 84.6%, specificity of 40.7% and AUC of 0.644 (95% CI 0.529-0.748, P = 0.031). CONCLUSION Gelsolin could potentially serve as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Tokgöz Çakır
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gizem Aktemur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülşan Karabay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Şeyhanlı
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serap Topkara Sucu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ömer Osman Eroğlu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seval Yılmaz Ergani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Can Tekin İskender
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Perinatology, Ankara Etlik City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Jiang H, Liu M, Yang W, Hong YK, Xu D, Nalbant EK, Clutter ED, Foroozandeh P, Kaplan N, Wysocki J, Batlle D, Miller SD, Lu K, Peng H. Activation of limbal epithelial proliferation is partly controlled by the ACE2-LCN2 pathway. iScience 2024; 27:110534. [PMID: 39175771 PMCID: PMC11338997 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In response to corneal injury, an activation of corneal epithelial stem cells and their direct progeny the early transit amplifying (eTA) cells to rapidly proliferate is critical for proper re-epithelialization. Thus, it is important to understand how such stem/eTA cell activation is regulated. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is predominantly expressed in the stem/eTA-enriched limbal epithelium but its role in the limbal epithelium was unclear. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) suggested that Ace2 involved the proliferation of the stem/eTA cells. Ace2 was reduced following corneal injury. Such reduction enhanced limbal epithelial proliferation and downregulated LCN2, a negative regulator of proliferation in a variety of tissues, via upregulating TGFA and consequently activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Inhibition of EGFR or overexpression of LCN2 reversed the increased proliferation in limbal epithelial cells lacking ACE2. Our findings demonstrate that after corneal injury, ACE2 is downregulated, which activates limbal epithelial cell proliferation via a TGFA/EGFR/LCN2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Jiang
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Min Liu
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Wending Yang
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Yi-Kai Hong
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Dan Xu
- Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elif Kayaalp Nalbant
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elwin D. Clutter
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Parisa Foroozandeh
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nihal Kaplan
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jan Wysocki
- Medicine (Nephrology and Hypertension), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Daniel Batlle
- Medicine (Nephrology and Hypertension), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Stephen D. Miller
- Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Kurt Lu
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Han Peng
- Departments of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Zhi J, Zhao KX, Liu JH, Yang D, Deng XM, Xu J, Zhang H. The therapeutic potential of gelsolin in attenuating cytokine storm, ARDS, and ALI in severe COVID-19. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1447403. [PMID: 39130641 PMCID: PMC11310015 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1447403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe COVID-19 cases often progress to life-threatening conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Gelsolin (GSN), an actin-binding protein with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, is a promising therapeutic target for severe COVID-19. Plasma GSN levels are significantly decreased in critical illnesses, including COVID-19, correlating with dysregulated immune responses and poor outcomes. GSN supplementation may mitigate acute lung injury, ARDS, and sepsis, which share pathophysiological features with severe COVID-19, by scavenging actin, modulating cytokine production, enhancing macrophage phagocytosis, and stabilizing the alveolar-capillary barrier. Preliminary data indicate that recombinant human plasma GSN improves oxygenation and lung function in severe COVID-19 patients with ARDS. Although further research is needed to optimize GSN therapy, current evidence supports its potential to mitigate severe consequences of COVID-19 and improve patient outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the biological characteristics, mechanisms, and therapeutic value of GSN in severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dong Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology at the Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Gao D, Jiang T, Liu Y. Gelsolin knockdown confers radiosensitivity to glioblastoma cells. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7286. [PMID: 38803199 PMCID: PMC11130581 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Radiotherapy (RT) is a cornerstone of the glioblastoma (GBM) treatment. However, the resistance of tumour cells to radiation results in early recurrence. The mechanisms underlying GBM radioresistance remain unclear. Screening for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to radiation might be a potential solution to this problem. METHOD RT-associated DEGs were screened based on the RNA sequencing of 15 paired primary and recurrent GBMs. The mRNA and protein expression of candidate genes were validated in RNA sequencing of The Chinese Genome Atlas (CGGA) dataset and 18 cases of GBM samples. The relationship between the candidate gene and radiation was confirmed in irradiated GBM cells. The association of candidate gene with clinical characteristics and survival was investigated in the CGGA and TCGA dataset. Biological function and pathway analysis were explored by gene ontology analysis. The association of the candidate gene with radiosensitivity was verified using cell counting Kit-8, comet, and colony formation assays in vitro and subcutaneous tumour xenograft experiments in vivo. RESULTS Gelsolin (GSN) was selected for further study. GSN expression was significant elevated in recurrent GBM and up-regulated in irradiated GBM cell lines. High expression of GSN was enriched in malignant phenotype of glioma. Moreover, high expression of GSN was associated with poor prognosis. Further investigation demonstrated that GSN-knockdown (GSN-KD) combined with RT significantly inhibited cell proliferation and enhanced radiosensitivity in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, GSN-KD could lead to more serious DNA damage and promotes apoptosis after RT. CONCLUSION Radiation induced up-regulated of GSN. GSN-KD could enhance the radiosensitivity of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Gao
- Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of Gamma‐Knife Center, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Tao Jiang
- Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yanwei Liu
- Beijing Neurosurgical InstituteCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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7
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Zhang H, Ma S, Wang Y, Chen X, Li Y, Wang M, Xu Y. Development of an obesity-related multi-gene prognostic model incorporating clinical characteristics in luminal breast cancer. iScience 2024; 27:109133. [PMID: 38384850 PMCID: PMC10879711 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite adjuvant chemotherapy and endocrine therapy in luminal breast cancer (LBC), relapses are common. Addressing this, we aim to develop a prognostic model to refine adjuvant therapy strategies, particularly for patients at high recurrence risk. Notably, obesity profoundly affects the tumor microenvironment (TME) of LBC. However, it is unclear whether obesity-related biological features can effectively screen high-risk patients. Utilizing weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) on RNA sequencing (RNAseq) data, we identified seven obese LBC genes (OLGs) closely associated with patient prognosis. Subsequently, we developed a luminal obesity-gene clinical prognostic index (LOG-CPI), combining a 7-gene signature, TNM staging, and age. Its predictive efficacy was confirmed across validation datasets and a clinical cohort (5-year accuracy = 0.828, 0.760, 0.751, and 0.792, respectively). LOG-CPI emerges as a promising predictor for clinical prognosis and treatment response, helping distinguish molecular and immunological features in LBC patients and guiding clinical practice by identifying varying prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengjun Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, People’s Hospital of China Medical University (Liaoning Provincial People's Hospital), Shenyang, China
| | - Yusong Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyun Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Yumeng Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Mozhi Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
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Mokhtar WA, Sherief LM, Kamal NM, ElSheikh AO, Omran FH, Abdulsaboor A, Sakr MM, El Gebally S, Shehab MMM, Alfaifi J, Turkistani R, Aljuaid F, Oshi MA, Elbekoushi FB, Mokhtar GA. Late onset neonatal sepsis: Can plasma gelsolin be a promising diagnostic marker? Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37356. [PMID: 38457556 PMCID: PMC10919505 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasma gelsolin (pGSN) correlates with clinical improvement in septic patients. We aimed to investigate pGSN levels as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of neonatal late-onset-sepsis (LOS). A case-control study was done on 184 neonates (92 with LOS and 92 controls). All participants were subjected to detailed history taking, full clinical evaluation, sepsis workup, and pGSN enzyme-linked immunosorbent-assay measurement. We detected significantly lower pGSN level among cases compared to controls (90.63 ± 20.64 vs 451.83 ± 209.59). It was significantly related to the severity of sepsis and mortality, with significantly lower values among cases with septic shock and multiorgan failure and non-survivors. Follow-up pGSN significantly increased after sepsis improvement in survivors compared to admission values. pGSN might be a reliable diagnostic and prognostic marker for LOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesam A. Mokhtar
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Laila M. Sherief
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M. Kamal
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Azza O. ElSheikh
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Farida H. Omran
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdulsaboor
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Maha M.H. Sakr
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shreif El Gebally
- Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Jaber Alfaifi
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Turkistani
- Pediatric Department, Alhada Armed Forces Hospital, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Futun Aljuaid
- Pediatric Department, Taif Children Hospital, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A.M. Oshi
- Neurology Division, Pediatric Department, Gaafar Ibnauf Children’s Emergency Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Ghada A. Mokhtar
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Castro C, Niknafs S, Gonzalez-Ortiz G, Tan X, Bedford MR, Roura E. Dietary xylo-oligosaccharides and arabinoxylans improved growth efficiency by reducing gut epithelial cell turnover in broiler chickens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:35. [PMID: 38433214 PMCID: PMC10910751 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-00991-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the main roles of the intestinal mucosa is to protect against environmental hazards. Supplementation of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) is known to selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria and improve gut health and function in chickens. XOS may have an impact on the integrity of the intestinal epithelia where cell turnover is critical to maintain the compatibility between the digestive and barrier functions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of XOS and an arabinoxylan-rich fraction (AXRF) supplementation on gut function and epithelial integrity in broiler chickens. METHODS A total of 128 broiler chickens (Ross 308) were assigned into one of two different dietary treatments for a period of 42 d: 1) control diet consisting of a corn/soybean meal-based diet; or 2) a control diet supplemented with 0.5% XOS and 1% AXRF. Each treatment was randomly distributed across 8 pens (n = 8) with 8 chickens each. Feed intake and body weight were recorded weekly. On d 42, one male chicken per pen was selected based on average weight and euthanized, jejunum samples were collected for proteomics analysis. RESULTS Dietary XOS/AXRF supplementation improved feed efficiency (P < 0.05) from d 1 to 42 compared to the control group. Proteomic analysis was used to understand the mechanism of improved efficiency uncovering 346 differentially abundant proteins (DAP) (Padj < 0.00001) in supplemented chickens compared to the non-supplemented group. In the jejunum, the DAP translated into decreased ATP production indicating lower energy expenditure by the tissue (e.g., inhibition of glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways). In addition, DAP were associated with decreased epithelial cell differentiation, and migration by reducing the actin polymerization pathway. Putting the two main pathways together, XOS/AXRF supplementation may decrease around 19% the energy required for the maintenance of the gastrointestinal tract. CONCLUSIONS Dietary XOS/AXRF supplementation improved growth efficiency by reducing epithelial cell migration and differentiation (hence, turnover), actin polymerization, and consequently energy requirement for maintenance of the jejunum of broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Castro
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Shahram Niknafs
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | | | - Xinle Tan
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | | | - Eugeni Roura
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.
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Ballabio F, Paissoni C, Bollati M, de Rosa M, Capelli R, Camilloni C. Accurate and Efficient SAXS/SANS Implementation Including Solvation Layer Effects Suitable for Molecular Simulations. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:8401-8413. [PMID: 37923304 PMCID: PMC10687869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering (SAXS/SANS) provide valuable insights into the structure and dynamics of biomolecules in solution, complementing a wide range of structural techniques, including molecular dynamics simulations. As contrast-based methods, they are sensitive not only to structural properties but also to solvent-solute interactions. Their use in molecular dynamics simulations requires a forward model that should be as fast and accurate as possible. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of calculating SAXS and SANS intensities using a coarse-grained representation consisting of one bead per amino acid and three beads per nucleic acid, with form factors that can be corrected on the fly to account for solvation effects at no additional computational cost. By coupling this forward model with molecular dynamics simulations restrained with SAS data, it is possible to determine conformational ensembles or refine the structure and dynamics of proteins and nucleic acids in agreement with the experimental results. To assess the robustness of this approach, we applied it to gelsolin, for which we acquired SAXS data on its closed state, and to a UP1-microRNA complex, for which we used previously collected measurements. Our hybrid-resolution small-angle scattering (hySAS) implementation, being distributed in PLUMED, can be used with atomistic and coarse-grained simulations using diverse restraining strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ballabio
- Dipartimento
di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Paissoni
- Dipartimento
di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Michela Bollati
- Dipartimento
di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Istituto
di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle
Ricerche (IBF-CNR), via
Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo de Rosa
- Dipartimento
di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Istituto
di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle
Ricerche (IBF-CNR), via
Alfonso Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Capelli
- Dipartimento
di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Carlo Camilloni
- Dipartimento
di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi
di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Alsofyani AA, Nedjadi T. Gelsolin, an Actin-Binding Protein: Bioinformatic Analysis and Functional Significance in Urothelial Bladder Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15763. [PMID: 37958747 PMCID: PMC10647509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of the actin-regulatory protein, gelsolin (GSN), in neoplastic transformation has been reported in different cancers including bladder cancer. However, the exact mechanism by which GSN influences bladder cancer development is not well understood. Here, we sought to reveal the functional significance of GSN in bladder cancer by undertaking a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis of TCGA datasets and through the assessment of multiple biological functions. GSN expression was knocked down in bladder cancer cell lines with two siRNA isoforms targeting GSN. Proliferation, migration, cell cycle and apoptosis assays were carried out. GSN expression, enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction and immune infiltration analysis were verified through online TCGA tools. The data indicated that GSN expression is associated with bladder cancer proliferation, migration and enhanced cell apoptosis through regulation of NF-κB expression. GSN expression correlated with various inflammatory cells and may influence the immunity of the tumor microenvironment. Computational analysis identified several interacting partners which are associated with cancer progression and patient outcome. The present results demonstrate that GSN plays an important role in bladder cancer pathogenesis and may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taoufik Nedjadi
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah 21423, Saudi Arabia;
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12
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Tulpule S, Jeyaraman M, Jayakumar T, Jeyaraman N, Bapat A, Yadav S. Gold-Induced Cytokine (GOLDIC®) Therapy in the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis: An Observational Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e46231. [PMID: 37908900 PMCID: PMC10613552 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current treatment modalities for knee osteoarthritis (OA) provide symptomatic cures rather than reversing the pathology in the long term. An innovative regenerative therapy called "Gold Induced Cytokines" (GOLDIC®) was explored in various musculoskeletal diseases such as knee OA, lumbar canal stenosis, Achilles tendinopathy, and plantar fasciitis. In this study, we explored the safety and functional outcome of GOLDIC® injections in knee OA (KL grades 3 and 4) with visual analog scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores. MATERIALS AND METHODS A multi-center open-label observational study was carried out after screening the cases according to the inclusion criteria. A total of 106 knees in 65 patients were enrolled for four doses of 4 ml of ultrasound-guided intra-articular GOLDIC® injections every three to six days. All cases were followed up with pre- and post-VAS and WOMAC scores at an interval of four weeks, three months, six months, and one year, and the complications (including severe adverse reactions) were monitored throughout. RESULTS In this study, 66.1% had grade 4 OA knee (without gross varus or subluxation) and 33.8% had grade 3 OA knee. All the participants underwent the GOLDIC® treatment modality. A statistically significant difference was observed in pre- and post-procedural follow-up in VAS and WOMAC scores at one-year follow-up. There were no recorded severe adverse reactions during the entire study period. Three patients failed the treatment in one year. CONCLUSION The GOLDIC® procedure shows great promise as a novel method for treating moderate to severe OA of the knee, both in terms of pain and functional outcome without any severe adverse reactions, in a sustained manner and is worth exploring as a long-term treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmila Tulpule
- Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine, Orthobiologix Clinic, Mumbai, IND
| | - Madhan Jeyaraman
- Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | | | - Naveen Jeyaraman
- Orthopaedics, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Dr MGR Educational and Research Institute, Chennai, IND
| | - Asawari Bapat
- Clinical Pathology, Infohealth FZE, Dubai, ARE
- Orthopaedics and Regenerative Medicine, Orthobiologix Clinic, Mumbai, IND
| | - Sankalp Yadav
- Internal Medicine, Shri Madan Lal Khurana Chest Clinic, New Delhi, IND
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Chantaravisoot N, Wongkongkathep P, Kalpongnukul N, Pacharakullanon N, Kaewsapsak P, Ariyachet C, Loo JA, Tamanoi F, Pisitkun T. mTORC2 interactome and localization determine aggressiveness of high-grade glioma cells through association with gelsolin. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7037. [PMID: 37120454 PMCID: PMC10148843 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33872-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) has been implicated as a key regulator of glioblastoma cell migration. However, the roles of mTORC2 in the migrational control process have not been entirely elucidated. Here, we elaborate that active mTORC2 is crucial for GBM cell motility. Inhibition of mTORC2 impaired cell movement and negatively affected microfilament and microtubule functions. We also aimed to characterize important players involved in the regulation of cell migration and other mTORC2-mediated cellular processes in GBM cells. Therefore, we quantitatively characterized the alteration of the mTORC2 interactome under selective conditions using affinity purification-mass spectrometry in glioblastoma. We demonstrated that changes in cell migration ability specifically altered mTORC2-associated proteins. GSN was identified as one of the most dynamic proteins. The mTORC2-GSN linkage was mostly highlighted in high-grade glioma cells, connecting functional mTORC2 to multiple proteins responsible for directional cell movement in GBM. Loss of GSN disconnected mTORC2 from numerous cytoskeletal proteins and affected the membrane localization of mTORC2. In addition, we reported 86 stable mTORC2-interacting proteins involved in diverse molecular functions, predominantly cytoskeletal remodeling, in GBM. Our findings might help expand future opportunities for predicting the highly migratory phenotype of brain cancers in clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naphat Chantaravisoot
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama IV Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Piriya Wongkongkathep
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nuttiya Kalpongnukul
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Narawit Pacharakullanon
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama IV Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Kaewsapsak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama IV Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Research Unit of Systems Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Chaiyaboot Ariyachet
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama IV Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Joseph A Loo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- UCLA/DOE Institute of Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Fuyuhiko Tamanoi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
- Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Zhang Q, Wen XH, Tang SL, Zhao ZW, Tang CK. Role and therapeutic potential of gelsolin in atherosclerosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 178:59-67. [PMID: 36967105 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the major pathophysiological basis of a variety of cardiovascular diseases and has been recognized as a lipid-driven chronic inflammatory disease. Gelsolin (GSN) is a member of the GSN family. The main function of GSN is to cut and seal actin filaments to regulate the cytoskeleton and participate in a variety of biological functions, such as cell movement, morphological changes, metabolism, apoptosis and phagocytosis. Recently, more and more evidences have demonstrated that GSN is Closely related to atherosclerosis, involving lipid metabolism, inflammation, cell proliferation, migration and thrombosis. This article reviews the role of GSN in atherosclerosis from inflammation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Department of Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Wen
- School of Nursing, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Shi-Lin Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Department of Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zhen-Wang Zhao
- School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei 441053, China.
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Department of Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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Noren Hooten N, Mode NA, Kowalik E, Omoniyi V, Zonderman AB, Ezike N, DiNubile MJ, Levinson SL, Evans MK. Plasma gelsolin levels are associated with diabetes, sex, race, and poverty. J Transl Med 2023; 21:190. [PMID: 36899335 PMCID: PMC9999548 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04026-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growing epidemic of the inflammation-related metabolic disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, presents a challenge to improve our understanding of potential mechanisms or biomarkers to prevent or better control this age-associated disease. A gelsolin isoform is secreted into the plasma as part of the extracellular actin scavenger system which serves a protective role by digesting and removing actin filaments released from damaged cells. Recent data indicate a role for decreased plasma gelsolin (pGSN) levels as a biomarker of inflammatory conditions. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a heterogeneous group of cell-derived membranous structures involved in intercellular signaling, have been implicated in metabolic and inflammatory diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus. We examined whether pGSN levels were associated with EV concentration and inflammatory plasma proteins in individuals with or without diabetes. METHODS We quantified pGSN longitudinally (n = 104) in a socioeconomically diverse cohort of middle-aged African American and White study participants with and without diabetes mellitus. Plasma gelsolin levels were assayed by ELISA. EV concentration (sub-cohort n = 40) was measured using nanoparticle tracking analysis. Inflammatory plasma proteins were assayed on the SomaScan® v4 proteomic platform. RESULTS pGSN levels were lower in men than women. White individuals with diabetes had significantly lower levels of pGSN compared to White individuals without diabetes and to African American individuals either with or without diabetes. For adults living below poverty, those with diabetes had lower pGSN levels than those without diabetes. Adults living above poverty had similar pGSN levels regardless of diabetes status. No correlation between EV concentrations and pGSN levels was identified (r = - 0.03; p = 0.85). Large-scale exploratory plasma protein proteomics revealed 47 proteins that significantly differed by diabetes status, 19 of which significantly correlated with pGSN levels, including adiponectin. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of racially diverse individuals with and without diabetes, we found differences in pGSN levels with diabetes status, sex, race, and poverty. We also report significant associations of pGSN with the adipokine, adiponectin, and other inflammation- and diabetes-related proteins. These data provide mechanistic insights into the relationship of pGSN and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Noren Hooten
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, NIH Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Nicolle A Mode
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, NIH Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | | | - Victor Omoniyi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, NIH Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.,Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, NIH Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Ngozi Ezike
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, NIH Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | | | | | - Michele K Evans
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, NIH Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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HIV-1 Vpr Induces Degradation of Gelsolin, a Myeloid Cell-Specific Host Factor That Reduces Viral Infectivity by Inhibiting the Expression and Packaging of the HIV-1 Env Glycoprotein. mBio 2023; 14:e0297322. [PMID: 36602307 PMCID: PMC9972982 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02973-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gelsolin (GSN) is a structural actin-binding protein that is known to affect actin dynamics in the cell. Using mass spectrometry, we identified GSN as a novel Vpr-interacting protein. Endogenous GSN protein was expressed at detectable levels in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) and in THP-1 cells, but it was undetectable at the protein level in other cell lines tested. The HIV-1 infection of MDM was associated with a reduction in GSN steady-state levels, presumably due to the Vpr-induced degradation of GSN. Indeed, the coexpression of GSN and Viral protein R (Vpr) in transiently transfected HEK293T cells resulted in the Vpr-dependent proteasomal degradation of GSN. This effect was observed for Vprs from multiple virus isolates. The overexpression of GSN in HEK293T cells had no effect on Gag expression or particle release, but it reduced the expression and packaging of the HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoprotein and reduced viral infectivity. An analysis of the HIV-1 splicing patterns did not reveal any GSN-dependent differences, suggesting that the effect of GSN on Env expression was regulated at a posttranscriptional level. Indeed, the treatment of transfected cells with lysosomal inhibitors reversed the effect of GSN on Env stability, suggesting that GSN reduced Env expression via enhanced lysosomal degradation. Our data identify GSN as a macrophage-specific host antiviral factor that reduces the expression of HIV-1 Env. IMPORTANCE Despite dramatic progress in drug therapies, HIV-1 infection remains an incurable disease that affects millions of people worldwide. The virus establishes long-lasting reservoirs that are resistant to currently available drug treatments and allow the virus to rebound whenever drug therapy is interrupted. Macrophages are long-lived cells that are relatively insensitive to HIV-1-induced cytopathicity and thus could contribute to the viral reservoir. Here, we identified a novel host factor, gelsolin, that is expressed at high levels in macrophages and inhibits viral infectivity by modulating the expression of the HIV-1 Env glycoprotein, which is critical in the spread of an HIV-1 infection. Importantly, the viral protein Vpr induces the degradation of gelsolin and thus counteracts its antiviral activity. Our study provides significant and novel insights into HIV-1 virus-host interactions and furthers our understanding of the importance of Vpr in HIV-1 infection and pathogenesis.
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Predicting chemoresponsiveness in epithelial ovarian cancer patients using circulating small extracellular vesicle-derived plasma gelsolin. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:14. [PMID: 36642715 PMCID: PMC9841140 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-01086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to chemotherapy continues to be a challenge when treating epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), contributing to low patient survival rates. While CA125, the conventional EOC biomarker, has been useful in monitoring patients' response to therapy, there are no biomarkers used to predict treatment response prior to chemotherapy. Previous work in vitro showed that plasma gelsolin (pGSN) is highly expressed in chemoresistant EOC cell lines, where it is secreted in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). Whether sEVs from tumour cells are secreted into the circulation of EOC patients and could be used to predict patient chemoresponsiveness is yet to be determined. This study aims to identify if sEV-pGSN in the circulation could be a predictive biomarker for chemoresistance in EOC. METHODS Sandwich ELISA was used to measure pGSN concentrations from plasma samples of 96 EOC patients (primarily high grade serous EOC). sEVs were isolated using ExoQuick ULTRA and characterized using western blot, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and electron microscopy after which pGSN was measured from the sEVs. Patients were stratified as platinum sensitive or resistant groups based on first progression free interval (PFI) of 6 or 12 months. RESULTS Total circulating pGSN was significantly decreased and sEV-pGSN increased in patients with a PFI ≤ 12 months (chemoresistant) compared to those with a PFI > 12 months (chemosensitive). The ratio of total pGSN to sEV-pGSN further differentiated these groups and was a strong predictive marker for chemoresistance (sensitivity: 73.91%, specificity: 72.46%). Predetermined CA125 was not different between chemosensitive and chemoresistant groups and was not predictive of chemoresponsiveness prior to treatment. When CA125 was combined with the ratio of total pGSN/sEV-pGSN, it was a significant predictor of chemoresponsiveness, but the test performance was not as robust as the total pGSN/sEV-pGSN alone. CONCLUSIONS Total pGSN/sEV-pGSN was the best predictor of chemoresponsiveness prior to treatment, outperforming the individual biomarkers (CA125, total pGSN, and sEV-pGSN). This multianalyte predictor of chemoresponsiveness could help to inform physicians' treatment and follow up plan at the time of EOC diagnosis, thus improving patients' outcomes.
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Wang Y, Bi X, Luo Z, Wang H, Ismtula D, Guo C. Gelsolin: A comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of potential prognosis, diagnostic, and immune biomarkers. Front Genet 2023; 14:1093163. [PMID: 37035750 PMCID: PMC10076574 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1093163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Gelsolin (GSN), a calcium-regulated actin-binding protein, is out of balance in various cancers. It can mediate cytoskeletal remodeling and regulate epithelial-mesenchymal conversion (EMT), but the studies on GSN function in pan-cancer are limited. Methods: We studied the transcription level, prognostic impact, diagnostic value, genetic, epigenetic modification, methylation level and immune significance of GSN in pan-cancer to fully comprehend the function of GSN in various malignancies based on multiple databases like The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Results: Pan-cancer research showed that GSN was downregulated in most tumors and expressed differently in immunological and molecular subtypes of many cancers. GSN had varying impacts on the prognosis of various tumor types. However, all had moderate to high diagnostic efficiency, and serum GSN had good diagnostic value in breast cancer patients (AUC = 0.947). Moreover, GSN was a distinguishing prognosis factor for some specific cancer types. The GSN protein was hypophosphorylated, and its promoter was hypermethylated in most cancers. GSN was linked to the infiltration level of several immunity cells and was essential in anti-tumor immune cell infiltration. KEGG and GSEA analyses showed that GSN was vital in the functions and proteoglycans processes in cancer, chemokine signaling pathway and other immune-related pathways, DNA methylation and cell cycle. Discussion: In conclusion, GSN possesses the ability to be a predictive, diagnostic, and immune indicator in pan-cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Center of Digestive and Vascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaojuan Bi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Center of Digestive and Vascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medicine Institute, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhiwen Luo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Center of Digestive and Vascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Center of Digestive and Vascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Dilimulati Ismtula
- Department of Breast Surgery, Center of Digestive and Vascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- *Correspondence: Dilimulati Ismtula, ; Chenming Guo,
| | - Chenming Guo
- Department of Breast Surgery, Center of Digestive and Vascular, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- *Correspondence: Dilimulati Ismtula, ; Chenming Guo,
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Skolnick J, Zhou H. Implications of the Essential Role of Small Molecule Ligand Binding Pockets in Protein-Protein Interactions. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:6853-6867. [PMID: 36044742 PMCID: PMC9484464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c04525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and protein-metabolite interactions play a key role in many biochemical processes, yet they are often viewed as being independent. However, the fact that small molecule drugs have been successful in inhibiting PPIs suggests a deeper relationship between protein pockets that bind small molecules and PPIs. We demonstrate that 2/3 of PPI interfaces, including antibody-epitope interfaces, contain at least one significant small molecule ligand binding pocket. In a representative library of 50 distinct protein-protein interactions involving hundreds of mutations, >75% of hot spot residues overlap with small molecule ligand binding pockets. Hence, ligand binding pockets play an essential role in PPIs. In representative cases, evolutionary unrelated monomers that are involved in different multimeric interactions yet share the same pocket are predicted to bind the same metabolites/drugs; these results are confirmed by examples in the PDB. Thus, the binding of a metabolite can shift the equilibrium between monomers and multimers. This implicit coupling of PPI equilibria, termed "metabolic entanglement", was successfully employed to suggest novel functional relationships among protein multimers that do not directly interact. Thus, the current work provides an approach to unify metabolomics and protein interactomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Skolnick
- Center for the Study of Systems
Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Hongyi Zhou
- Center for the Study of Systems
Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive, NW, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Nabeta R, Katselis GS, Chumala P, Dickinson R, Fernandez NJ, Meachem MD. Identification of potential plasma protein biomarkers for feline pancreatic carcinoma by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Vet Comp Oncol 2022; 20:720-731. [PMID: 35514180 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In both humans and cats, pancreatic carcinoma is an aggressive cancer with a grave prognosis. Proteomics techniques have successfully identified several blood-based biomarkers of human pancreatic neoplasia. Thus, this study aims to investigate whether similar biomarkers can be identified in the plasma of cats with FePAC by using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). To facilitate evaluation of the low abundance plasma proteome, a human-based immunodepletion device (MARS-2) was first validated for use with feline plasma. Marked reduction and/or complete removal of albumin and immunoglobulins was confirmed by analysis of electrophoretograms and mass spectral data. Subsequently, plasma collected from 9 cats with pancreatic carcinoma (FePAC), 10 cats with symptomatic pancreatitis, and 10 healthy control cats was immunodepleted and subjected to LC-MS/MS. Thirty-seven plasma proteins were found to be differentially expressed (p < .05 in one-way ANOVA, FC >2 in fold change analysis). Among these proteins, ETS variant transcription factor 4 (p < .05) was overexpressed, while gelsolin (p < .01), tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (p < .05), serpin family F member 1 (p < .01), apolipoprotein A-IV (p < .01) and phosphatidylinositol-glycan-specific phospholipase D (p < .05) were down-regulated in cats with FePAC. Further studies on these potential biomarkers are needed to investigate their diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Nabeta
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - George S Katselis
- Department of Medicine, Division of the Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Paulos Chumala
- Department of Medicine, Division of the Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Ryan Dickinson
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Nicole J Fernandez
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Melissa D Meachem
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Hsieh CH, Wang YC. Emerging roles of plasma gelsolin in tumorigenesis and modulating the tumor microenvironment. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2022; 38:819-825. [PMID: 35942641 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein expression of gelsolin, an actin scavenger controlling cytoskeletal remodeling, cell morphology, differentiation, movement, and apoptosis, has been found to be significantly decreased in several pathological conditions including neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory disorders, and cancers. Its extracellular isoform, called plasma gelsolin (pGSN), is one of the most abundant plasma proteins in the circulation, and has emerged as a novel diagnostic biomarker for early disease detection. Current evidence reveals that gelsolin can function as either an oncoprotein or a tumor suppressor depending on the carcinoma type. Interestingly, recent studies have shown that pGSN is also involved in immunomodulation, revealing the multifunctional roles of pGSN in tumor progression. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge focusing on the roles of gelsolin in inflammation and wound healing, cancers, and tumor microenvironment. Future prospects of pGSN related studies and clinical application are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hsiung Hsieh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Wang J, Yang R, Cheng Y, Zhou Y, Zhang T, Wang S, Li H, Jiang W, Zhang X. Methylation of HBP1 by PRMT1 promotes tumor progression by regulating actin cytoskeleton remodeling. Oncogenesis 2022; 11:45. [PMID: 35941115 PMCID: PMC9360041 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-022-00421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
HBP1 is a sequence-specific transcription factor which generally considered as a crucial growth inhibitor. Posttranslational modification of HBP1 is vital for its function. In this study, we demonstrate that HBP1 is methylated at R378 by PRMT1, which decreases HBP1 protein stability by promoting its ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation. PRMT1-mediated methylation of HBP1 alleviates the repressive effects of HBP1 on tumor metastasis and growth. GSN is identified as a novel target gene of HBP1. Methylation of HBP1 promotes actin cytoskeleton remodeling, glycolysis and tumor progression by downregulating GSN (a vital actin-binding protein) levels. The methylated HBP1-GSN axis is associated with the clinical outcomes of cancer patients. This investigation elucidates the mechanism of how methylated HBP1 facilitates actin cytoskeleton remodeling, thus attenuates its tumor-suppressive function and promotes tumor progression. Targeting methylated HBP1-GSN axis may provide a therapeutic strategy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Ruixiang Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yuning Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Tongjia Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Shujie Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China.
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Ahangar P, Strudwick XL, Cowin AJ. Wound Healing from an Actin Cytoskeletal Perspective. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2022; 14:a041235. [PMID: 35074864 PMCID: PMC9341468 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Wound healing requires a complex cascade of highly controlled and conserved cellular and molecular processes. These involve numerous cell types and extracellular matrix molecules regulated by the actin cytoskeleton. This microscopic network of filaments is present within the cytoplasm of all cells and provides the shape and mechanical support required for cell movement and proliferation. Here, an overview of the processes of wound healing are described from the perspective of the cell in relation to the actin cytoskeleton. Key points of discussion include the role of actin, its binding proteins, signaling pathways, and events that play significant roles in the phases of wound healing. The identification of cytoskeletal targets that can be used to manipulate and improve wound healing is included as an emerging area of focus that may inform future therapeutic approaches to improve healing of complex wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Ahangar
- Future Industries Institute, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Xanthe L Strudwick
- Future Industries Institute, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Allison J Cowin
- Future Industries Institute, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia
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24
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Deletions in GSN gene associated with growth traits of four Chinese cattle breeds. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:1269-1275. [PMID: 35780194 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01915-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the potential of 21 bp mutation in the second intron of the GSN gene as a molecular marker-assisted by exploring the effect of 21 bp mutation on growth traits in four beef cattle breeds. Gelsolin (GSN), a member of the superfamily of gel proteins, is involved in the regulation of a variety of cellular activities in the organism and plays an important function in cell motility, apoptosis, signal transduction and inflammatory responses. Gelatin can not only negatively regulate the pro-apoptotic effect of P53 protein, but also promote apoptosis by blocking the interaction between actin and deoxyribonuclease, so, the GSN gene was selected as a candidate gene in this study. In this study, a 21 bp mutation on the second intron to the GSN gene was verified in 573 individuals of Yunling (YL, n = 220), Jiaxian (JX, n = 140), Xianan (XN, n = 114) and Qinchuan (QC, n = 97) cattle breeds using Once PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. The association analysis of polymorphisms in the GSN gene with growth traits in four breeds was revealed: in YL cattle, the heart girth and forehead size of heterozygous ID genotype were significantly higher than II genotype (P < 0.05). In JX cattle, the withers height, body length and heart girth of II and ID genotype were significantly highest than DD genotype (P < 0.01); the height at hip cross and height at sacrum of II genotype was significantly highest than DD genotype (P < 0.01), but ID genotype was significantly higher than DD genotype. In XN cattle, the abdominal girth and circumference of the cannon bone of II genotype were significantly higher than ID genotype (P < 0.05). In QC cattle, the hucklebone width of ID genotype was significantly the highest than II genotype (P < 0.01). The results suggest that GSN may be an important candidate gene and that a 21 bp mutation on the second intron to the GSN gene can be used for molecular marker-assisted selection of four beef cattle breeds.
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Feldt J, Schicht M, Welss J, Gelse K, Sesselmann S, Tsokos M, Socher E, Garreis F, Müller T, Paulsen F. Production and Secretion of Gelsolin by Both Human Macrophage- and Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes and GSN Modulation in the Synovial Fluid of Patients with Various Forms of Arthritis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:723. [PMID: 35327525 PMCID: PMC8945596 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Gelsolin (GSN) is an actin-binding protein involved in cell formation, metabolism and wound closure processes. Since this protein is known to play a role in arthritis, here we investigate how the synovial membrane with its specific synoviocytes contributes to the expression of GSN and how the amount of GSN expressed is modulated by different types of arthritis. Synovial membranes from adult healthy subjects and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are analyzed by immunofluorescence, Western blot and ELISA. Macrophage-like synoviocytes (MLS) and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) were isolated, cultured and analyzed for their potential to produce and secrete GSN. In addition, the GSN concentrations in the synovial fluid of various forms of arthritis are determined by ELISA. GSN is produced by the healthy and arthritic synovial membranes. Both forms of synoviocytes (MLS and FLS) release GSN. The results show that there is a significant reduction in GSN in the synovial fluid in adult patients with OA. This reduction is also detectable in adult patients with RA but is not as evident. In juvenile arthritis, there is a slight increase in GSN concentration in the synovial fluid. This study shows that primary MLS and FLS express GSN and that these cells, in addition to articular chondrocytes, contribute to GSN levels in synovial fluid. Furthermore, GSN concentrations are modulated in different types of arthritis. Further studies are needed to fully understand how GSN is involved in joint homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Feldt
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (J.W.); (E.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Martin Schicht
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (J.W.); (E.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Jessica Welss
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (J.W.); (E.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Kolja Gelse
- Department of Trauma Surgery and Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Traunstein, 83278 Traunstein, Germany;
| | - Stefan Sesselmann
- Institute for Medical Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Amberg-Weiden, 92224 Amberg, Germany;
| | - Michael Tsokos
- Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Eileen Socher
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (J.W.); (E.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Fabian Garreis
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (J.W.); (E.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Thomas Müller
- Department of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Pediatrics I, Pediatric Rheumatology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU), 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Friedrich Paulsen
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universitätsstr. 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (J.W.); (E.S.); (F.G.)
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26
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Chantada-Vázquez MDP, Conde-Amboage M, Graña-López L, Vázquez-Estévez S, Bravo SB, Núñez C. Circulating Proteins Associated with Response and Resistance to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14041087. [PMID: 35205837 PMCID: PMC8870308 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14041087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The goal of this study was to find circulating proteins that can be easily sampled and incorporated into a clinical setting to improve predictive treatment response in HER2-positive breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We looked for potential biomarkers in serum, which we identified using two proteomics techniques: qualitative LC-MS/MS and a quantitative assay that assessed protein expression between responders and non-responders HER2-positive breast cancer patients to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Abstract Despite the increasing use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in HER2-positive breast cancer (BC) patients, the clinical problem of predicting individual treatment response remains unanswered. Furthermore, the use of ineffective chemotherapeutic regimens should be avoided. Serum biomarker levels are being studied more and more for their ability to predict therapy response and aid in the development of personalized treatment regimens. This study aims to identify effective protein networks and biomarkers to predict response to NAC in HER2-positive BC patients through an exhaustive large-scale LC-MS/MS-based qualitative and quantitative proteomic profiling of serum samples from responders and non-responders. Serum samples from HER2-positive BC patients were collected before NAC and were processed by three methods (with and without nanoparticles). The qualitative analysis revealed differences in the proteomic profiles between responders and non-responders, mainly in proteins implicated in the complement and coagulation cascades and apolipoproteins. Qualitative analysis confirmed that three proteins (AFM, SERPINA1, APOD) were correlated with NAC resistance. In this study, we show that serum biomarker profiles can predict treatment response and outcome in the neoadjuvant setting. If these findings are further developed, they will be of significant clinical utility in the design of treatment regimens for individual BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- María del Pilar Chantada-Vázquez
- Research Unit, Lucus Augusti University Hospital (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 27002 Lugo, Spain;
- Proteomic Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Mercedes Conde-Amboage
- Models of Optimization Decision, Statistics and Applications Research Group (MODESTYA), Department of Statistics, Mathematical Analysis and Optimization, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- CITMAga, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lucía Graña-López
- Breast Pathology Group, Lucus Augusti University Hospital (HULA)-IDIS, Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 27002 Lugo, Spain;
- Radiology Department, Lucus Augusti University Hospital (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Sergio Vázquez-Estévez
- Oncology Division, Lucus Augusti University Hospital (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 27002 Lugo, Spain;
| | - Susana B. Bravo
- Proteomic Unit, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Clinical Hospital of Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.B.B.); (C.N.)
| | - Cristina Núñez
- Research Unit, Lucus Augusti University Hospital (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), 27002 Lugo, Spain;
- Correspondence: (S.B.B.); (C.N.)
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27
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Plasma Proteomics in Healthy Subjects with Differences in Tissue Glucocorticoid Sensitivity Identifies A Novel Proteomic Signature. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10010184. [PMID: 35052863 PMCID: PMC8773719 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant inter-individual variation in terms of susceptibility to several stress-related disorders, such as myocardial infarction and Alzheimer’s disease, and therapeutic response has been observed among healthy subjects. The molecular features responsible for this phenomenon have not been fully elucidated. Proteomics, in association with bioinformatics analysis, offer a comprehensive description of molecular phenotypes with clear links to human disease pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative plasma proteomics analysis of glucocorticoid resistant and glucocorticoid sensitive healthy subjects and provide clues of the underlying physiological differences. For this purpose, 101 healthy volunteers were given a very low dose (0.25 mg) of dexamethasone at midnight, and were stratified into the 10% most glucocorticoid sensitive (S) (n = 11) and 10% most glucocorticoid resistant (R) (n = 11) according to the 08:00 h serum cortisol concentrations determined the following morning. One month following the very-low dose dexamethasone suppression test, DNA and plasma samples were collected from the 22 selected individuals. Sequencing analysis did not reveal any genetic defects in the human glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) gene. To investigate the proteomic profile of plasma samples, we used Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and found 110 up-regulated and 66 down-regulated proteins in the S compared to the R group. The majority of the up-regulated proteins in the S group were implicated in platelet activation. To predict response to cortisol prior to administration, a random forest classifier was developed by using the proteomics data in order to distinguish S from R individuals. Apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) and gelsolin (GSN) were the most important variables in the classification, and warrant further investigation. Our results indicate that a proteomics signature may differentiate the S from the R healthy subjects, and may be useful in clinical practice. In addition, it may provide clues of the underlying molecular mechanisms of the chronic stress-related diseases, including myocardial infarction and Alzheimer’s disease.
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Illescas M, Peñas A, Arenas J, Martín MA, Ugalde C. Regulation of Mitochondrial Function by the Actin Cytoskeleton. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:795838. [PMID: 34993202 PMCID: PMC8725978 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.795838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulatory role of actin cytoskeleton on mitochondrial function is a growing research field, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Specific actin-binding proteins (ABPs), such as Gelsolin, have also been shown to participate in the pathophysiology of mitochondrial OXPHOS disorders through yet to be defined mechanisms. In this mini-review, we will summarize the experimental evidence supporting the fundamental roles of actin cytoskeleton and ABPs on mitochondrial trafficking, dynamics, biogenesis, metabolism and apoptosis, with a particular focus on Gelsolin involvement in mitochondrial disorders. The functional interplay between the actin cytoskeleton, ABPs and mitochondrial membranes for the regulation of cellular homeostasis thus emerges as a new exciting field for future research and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Illescas
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Peñas
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Arenas
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Ugalde
- Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain
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Proteomic Profiling of Plasma-Derived Biomarkers in Patients with Bladder Cancer: A Step towards Clinical Translation. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11121294. [PMID: 34947825 PMCID: PMC8704559 DOI: 10.3390/life11121294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer is a life-threatening disease and a major cause of cancer-associated complications. The main challenges confronted during the clinical management of bladder cancer are associated with recurrence and disease progression to the muscle-invasive phenotype. Improved early detection of the disease is of paramount importance to prevent disease progression and improve survival. Hence, novel clinically applicable biomarkers for early detection are warranted. Methods: In the current study, a comparative proteomic approach was undertaken using plasma samples to identify protein biomarkers associated with the muscle-invasive phenotype of bladder carcinoma. Isolated plasma proteins were depleted, DIGE-labeled, then subjected to conventional 2D electrophoresis followed by mass spectrometry for identification of differentially expressed proteins. Western blot was used for data validation. Results: Fourteen differentially expressed proteins with statistically significant changes in abundance between the cancer group and control group were identified. Three differentially expressed proteins were selected for validation, among which apolipoprotein A1 exhibited high specificity and sensitivity (AUC = 0.906). Ingenuity pathway analysis identified IFN-γ and TNF-α as the main signaling hub for the differentially regulated proteins. Conclusion: Our findings provide additional insight into understanding bladder cancer pathogenesis. Our data identified potential non-invasive plasma-derived biomarker proteins that merit additional investigation to validate its clinical usefulness to prevent bladder cancer progression.
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30
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Khan A, Kuriachan G, Mahalakshmi R. Cellular Interactome of Mitochondrial Voltage-Dependent Anion Channels: Oligomerization and Channel (Mis)Regulation. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3497-3515. [PMID: 34503333 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) of the outer mitochondrial membrane are known conventionally as metabolite flux proteins. However, research findings in the past decade have revealed the multifaceted regulatory roles of VDACs, from governing cellular physiology and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis to directly regulating debilitating cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. VDACs achieve these diverse functions by establishing isoform-dependent stereospecific interactomes in the cell with the cytosolic constituents and endoplasmic reticulum complexes, and the machinery of the mitochondrial compartments. VDACs are now increasingly recognized as regulatory hubs of the cell. Not surprisingly, even the transient misregulation of VDACs results directly in mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, human VDACs are now implicated in interaction with aggregation-prone cytosolic proteins, including Aβ, tau, and α-synuclein, contributing directly to the onset of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Deducing the interaction dynamics and mechanisms can lead to VDAC-targeted peptide-based therapeutics that can alleviate neurodegenerative states. This review succinctly presents the latest findings of the VDAC interactome, and the mode(s) of VDAC-dependent regulation of biochemical physiology. We also discuss the relevance of VDACs in pathophysiological states and aggregation-associated diseases and address how VDACs will facilitate the development of next-generation precision medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altmash Khan
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Gifty Kuriachan
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal 462066, India
| | - Radhakrishnan Mahalakshmi
- Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal 462066, India
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31
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Actin Cytoskeleton Dynamics and Type I IFN-Mediated Immune Response: A Dangerous Liaison in Cancer? BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090913. [PMID: 34571790 PMCID: PMC8469949 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Actin cytoskeleton is a dynamic subcellular component critical for maintaining cell shape and for elaborating response to any stimulus converging on the cell. Cytoskeleton constantly interfaces with diverse cellular components and affects a wide range of processes important in homeostasis and disease. What has been clearly demonstrated to date is that pathogens modify and use host cytoskeleton to their advantage. What is now emerging is that in sterile conditions, when a chronic inflammation occurs as in cancer, the subversion of tissue homeostasis induces an alarm status which mimics infection. This activates cellular players similar to those that solve an infection, but their persistence may pave the way for tumor progression. Understanding molecular mechanisms engaged by cytoskeleton to induce this viral mimicry could improve our knowledge of processes governing tumor progression and resistance to therapy. Abstract Chronic viral infection and cancer are closely inter-related and are both characterized by profound alteration of tissue homeostasis. The actin cytoskeleton dynamics highly participate in tissue homeostasis and act as a sensor leading to an immune-mediated anti-cancer and anti-viral response. Herein we highlight the crucial role of actin cytoskeleton dynamics in participating in a viral mimicry activation with profound effect in anti-tumor immune response. This still poorly explored field understands the cytoskeleton dynamics as a platform of complex signaling pathways which may regulate Type I IFN response in cancer. This emerging network needs to be elucidated to identify more effective anti-cancer strategies and to further advance the immuno-oncology field which has revolutionized the cancer treatment. For a progress to occur in this exciting arena we have to shed light on actin cytoskeleton related pathways and immune response. Herein we summarize the major findings, considering the double sword of the immune response and in particular the role of Type I IFN pathways in resistance to anti-cancer treatment.
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32
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Han EY, Catherwood M, McMullin MF. Hereditary thrombocytosis: the genetic landscape. Br J Haematol 2021; 194:1098-1105. [PMID: 34341988 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Y Han
- Centre for Medical Education, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Mark Catherwood
- Department of Haematology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
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33
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Zielinski M, Röder C, Schröder GF. Challenges in sample preparation and structure determination of amyloids by cryo-EM. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100938. [PMID: 34224730 PMCID: PMC8335658 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloids share a common architecture but play disparate biological roles in processes ranging from bacterial defense mechanisms to protein misfolding diseases. Their structures are highly polymorphic, which makes them difficult to study by X-ray diffraction or NMR spectroscopy. Our understanding of amyloid structures is due in large part to recent advances in the field of cryo-EM, which allows for determining the polymorphs separately. In this review, we highlight the main stepping stones leading to the substantial number of high-resolution amyloid fibril structures known today as well as recent developments regarding automation and software in cryo-EM. We discuss that sample preparation should move closer to physiological conditions to understand how amyloid aggregation and disease are linked. We further highlight new approaches to address heterogeneity and polymorphism of amyloid fibrils in EM image processing and give an outlook to the upcoming challenges in researching the structural biology of amyloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Zielinski
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7) and JuStruct, Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Christine Röder
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7) and JuStruct, Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gunnar F Schröder
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Structural Biochemistry (IBI-7) and JuStruct, Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Physics Department, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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34
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Local ablation of gastric cancer by reconstituted apolipoprotein B lipoparticles carrying epigenetic drugs. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 37:102450. [PMID: 34332115 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic inhibitors have shown anticancer effects. Combination chemotherapy with epigenetic inhibitors has shown high effectiveness in gastric cancer clinical trials, but severe side effect and local progression are the causes of treatment failure. Therefore, we sought to develop an acidity-sensitive drug delivery system to release drugs locally to diminish unfavorable outcome of gastric cancer. In this study, we showed that, as compared with single agents, combination treatment with the demethylating agent 5'-aza-2'-deoxycytidine and HDAC inhibitors Trichostatin A or LBH589 decreased cell survival, blocked cell cycle by reducing number of S-phase cells and expression of cyclins, increased cell apoptosis by inducing expression of Bim and cleaved Caspase 3, and reexpressed tumor suppressor genes more effectively in MGCC3I cells. As a carrier, reconstituted apolipoprotein B lipoparticles (rABLs) could release drugs in acidic environments. Orally administrated embedded drugs not only showed inhibitory effects on gastric tumor growth in a syngeneic orthotopic mouse model, but also reduced the hepatic and renal toxicity. In conclusion, we have established rABL-based nanoparticles embedded epigenetic inhibitors for local treatment of gastric cancer, which have good therapeutic effects but do not cause severe side effects.
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Mazurkiewicz E, Makowiecka A, Mrówczyńska E, Kopernyk I, Nowak D, Mazur AJ. Gelsolin Contributes to the Motility of A375 Melanoma Cells and This Activity Is Mediated by the Fibrous Extracellular Matrix Protein Profile. Cells 2021; 10:1848. [PMID: 34440617 PMCID: PMC8394273 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin melanocytes reside on the basement membrane (BM), which is mainly composed of laminin, collagen type IV, and proteoglycans. For melanoma cells, in order to invade into the skin, melanocytes must cross the BM. It has been reported that changes in the composition of the BM accompany melanocytes tumorigenesis. Previously, we reported high gelsolin (GSN)-an actin-binding protein-levels in melanoma cell lines and GSN's importance for migration of A375 cells. Here we investigate whether melanoma cells migrate differently depending on the type of fibrous extracellular matrix protein. We obtained A375 melanoma cells deprived of GSN synthesis and tested their migratory properties on laminin, collagens type I and IV, fibronectin, and Matrigel, which resembles the skin's BM. We applied confocal and structured illuminated microscopy (SIM), gelatin degradation, and diverse motility assays to assess GSN's influence on parameters associated with cells' ability to protrude. We show that GSN is important for melanoma cell migration, predominantly on laminin, which is one of the main components of the skin's BM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Antonina Joanna Mazur
- Department of Cell Pathology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland; (E.M.); (A.M.); (E.M.); (I.K.); (D.N.)
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36
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Han B, Li C, Li H, Li Y, Luo X, Liu Y, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Yu X, Zhai Z, Xu X, Xiao F. Discovery of plasma biomarkers with data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry and antibody microarray for diagnosis and risk stratification of pulmonary embolism. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:1738-1751. [PMID: 33825327 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a leading cause of cardiovascular mortality worldwide. Rapid and accurate diagnosis and risk stratification are crucial for timely treatment options, especially in high-risk PE. OBJECTIVES The study aims to profile the comprehensive changes of plasma proteomes in PE patients and identify the potential biomarkers for both diagnosis and risk stratification. PATIENTS/METHODS Based on the data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry and antibody array proteomic technology, we screened the plasma samples (13 and 32 proteomes, respectively) in two independent studies consisting of high-risk PE patients, non-high-risk PE patients, and healthy controls. Some significantly differentially expressed proteins were quantified by ELISA in a new study group with 50 PE patients and 26 healthy controls. RESULTS We identified 207 and 70 differentially expressed proteins in PE and high-risk PE. These proteins were involved in multiple thrombosis-associated biological processes including blood coagulation, inflammation, injury, repair, and chemokine-mediated cellular response. It was verified that five proteins including SAA1, S100A8, TNC, GSN, and HRG had significant change in PE and/or in high-risk PE. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis based on binary logistic regression showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of SAA1, S100A8, and TNC in PE diagnosis were 0.882, 0.788, and 0.795, and AUC of S100A8 and TNC in high-risk PE diagnosis were 0.773 and 0.720. CONCLUSION As predictors of inflammation or injury repair, SAA1, S100A8, and TNC are potential plasma biomarkers for the diagnosis and risk stratification of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Han
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institution of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanbao Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hexin Li
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institution of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuanmei Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institution of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institution of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institution of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Clinical Care Medicine, China-Japan, Friendship Hospital, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing (PHOENIX Center), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenguo Zhai
- Department of Respiratory and Clinical Care Medicine, China-Japan, Friendship Hospital, Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomao Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Xiao
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institution of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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37
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Zhou D, Xue J, Miyamoto Y, Poulsen O, Eckmann L, Haddad GG. Microbiota Modulates Cardiac Transcriptional Responses to Intermittent Hypoxia and Hypercapnia. Front Physiol 2021; 12:680275. [PMID: 34248668 PMCID: PMC8267877 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.680275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota plays a critical role in regulating organismal health and response to environmental stresses. Intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia, a condition that represents the main hallmark of obstructive sleep apnea in humans, is known to induce significant alterations in the gut microbiome and metabolism, and promotes the progression of atherosclerosis in mouse models. To further understand the role of the microbiome in the cardiovascular response to intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia, we developed a new rodent cage system that allows exposure of mice to controlled levels of O2 and CO2 under gnotobiotic conditions. Using this experimental setup, we determined the impact of the microbiome on the transcriptional response to intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia in the left ventricle of the mouse heart. We identified significant changes in gene expression in both conventionally reared and germ-free mice. Following intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia exposure, we detected 192 significant changes in conventionally reared mice (96 upregulated and 96 downregulated) and 161 significant changes (70 upregulated and 91 downregulated) in germ-free mice. Only 19 of these differentially expressed transcripts (∼10%) were common to conventionally reared and germ-free mice. Such distinct transcriptional responses imply that the host microbiota plays an important role in regulating the host transcriptional response to intermittent hypoxia and hypercapnia in the mouse heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhou
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Jin Xue
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Yukiko Miyamoto
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Orit Poulsen
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Lars Eckmann
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Gabriel G Haddad
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Rady Children's Hospital-San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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Robbins JM, Peterson B, Schranner D, Tahir UA, Rienmüller T, Deng S, Keyes MJ, Katz DH, Beltran PMJ, Barber JL, Baumgartner C, Carr SA, Ghosh S, Shen C, Jennings LL, Ross R, Sarzynski MA, Bouchard C, Gerszten RE. Human plasma proteomic profiles indicative of cardiorespiratory fitness. Nat Metab 2021; 3:786-797. [PMID: 34045743 PMCID: PMC9216203 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00400-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is a direct measure of human cardiorespiratory fitness and is associated with health. However, the molecular determinants of interindividual differences in baseline (intrinsic) VO2max, and of increases of VO2max in response to exercise training (ΔVO2max), are largely unknown. Here, we measure ~5,000 plasma proteins using an affinity-based platform in over 650 sedentary adults before and after a 20-week endurance-exercise intervention and identify 147 proteins and 102 proteins whose plasma levels are associated with baseline VO2max and ΔVO2max, respectively. Addition of a protein biomarker score derived from these proteins to a score based on clinical traits improves the prediction of an individual's ΔVO2max. We validate findings in a separate exercise cohort, further link 21 proteins to incident all-cause mortality in a community-based cohort and reproduce the specificity of ~75% of our key findings using antibody-based assays. Taken together, our data shed light on biological pathways relevant to cardiorespiratory fitness and highlight the potential additive value of protein biomarkers in identifying exercise responsiveness in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy M Robbins
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bennet Peterson
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniela Schranner
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Exercise Biology Group, Faculty of Sports and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Usman A Tahir
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Theresa Rienmüller
- Institute of Health Care Engineering with Testing Center of Medical Devices, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Shuliang Deng
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michelle J Keyes
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA
| | - Daniel H Katz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jacob L Barber
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Christian Baumgartner
- Institute of Health Care Engineering with Testing Center of Medical Devices, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Steven A Carr
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program and Center for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Changyu Shen
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lori L Jennings
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert Ross
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark A Sarzynski
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Robert E Gerszten
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- CardioVascular Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Sanchez-Ferras O, Pacis A, Sotiropoulou M, Zhang Y, Wang YC, Bourgey M, Bourque G, Ragoussis J, Bouchard M. A coordinated progression of progenitor cell states initiates urinary tract development. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2627. [PMID: 33976190 PMCID: PMC8113267 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney and upper urinary tract develop through reciprocal interactions between the ureteric bud and the surrounding mesenchyme. Ureteric bud branching forms the arborized collecting duct system of the kidney, while ureteric tips promote nephron formation from dedicated progenitor cells. While nephron progenitor cells are relatively well characterized, the origin of ureteric bud progenitors has received little attention so far. It is well established that the ureteric bud is induced from the nephric duct, an epithelial duct derived from the intermediate mesoderm of the embryo. However, the cell state transitions underlying the progression from intermediate mesoderm to nephric duct and ureteric bud remain unknown. Here we show that nephric duct morphogenesis results from the coordinated organization of four major progenitor cell populations. Using single cell RNA-seq and Cluster RNA-seq, we show that these progenitors emerge in time and space according to a stereotypical pattern. We identify the transcription factors Tfap2a/b and Gata3 as critical coordinators of this progenitor cell progression. This study provides a better understanding of the cellular origin of the renal collecting duct system and associated urinary tract developmental diseases, which may inform guided differentiation of functional kidney tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oraly Sanchez-Ferras
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alain Pacis
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Maria Sotiropoulou
- Department for Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yu Chang Wang
- Department for Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Bourgey
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department for Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Guillaume Bourque
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department for Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- Department for Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maxime Bouchard
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre and Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Schneider U, Kumar A, Murrell W, Ezekwesili A, Yurdi NA, Maffulli N. Intra-articular gold induced cytokine (GOLDIC®) injection therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of knee joint: a clinical study. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2021; 45:497-507. [PMID: 33404700 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-020-04870-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel technique of preconditioning autologous blood with gold particles (GOLDIC®) and injection in patients with moderate to severe knee osteoarthritis (KOA). METHODS During this phase 2a, proof-of-concept (PoC) open label study, 83 consecutive patients that 64 patients met inclusion criteria (mean age: 64.8 years; 89 knees) with radiographically proven KOA, received four ultrasound guided intra-articular knee injections of GOLDIC® at three to six day intervals. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) were evaluated at baseline, four weeks, three, six months, one, two and four years (T1-T6). The incidence of treatment related severe adverse events (SAEs) recorded. Intra-articular gelsolin level in patients with effusion was determined. RESULTS KOOS and WOMAC scores improved for the full duration of the study (P < 0.05), minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was observed at all time points in all KOOS subscores, with no reported SAEs. Intra-articular gelsolin level increased after treatment with reduction of effusion. No statistically significant evidence of an association between patient demographics and outcome were identified. Nine patients failed treatment, with 32 months mean time to failure and underwent total knee arthroplasty. CONCLUSION PoC study of GOLDIC® as a novel device for conservative management of moderate to severe KOA was confirmed. GOLDIC® produces rapid and sustained improvements in all indices after treatment, with no SAEs. TRIAL REGISTRATION § 13 Abs.2b AMG Bavaria (Protokol Reg OBB 5-16) (Ref 53.2-2677.Ph_3-67-2)-Date 3/20/2010 retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok Kumar
- My Doc Specialist Medical Centre DMCC, Fortune Executive Tower, JLT, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - William Murrell
- Abu Dhabi Knee and Sports Medicine, Healthpoint Hospital, Zayed Sports City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. .,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Division of Surgery, William Beaumont Army Medical Center, Ft. Bliss, TX, USA.
| | - Agnes Ezekwesili
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Nagib A Yurdi
- Abu Dhabi Knee and Sports Medicine, Healthpoint Hospital, Zayed Sports City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, University of Salerno School of Medicine and Dentistry, Salerno, Italy.,Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, Queen Mary University of London, London, England, UK
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41
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Lee JH, Zou L, Yang R, Han J, Wan Q, Zhang X, El Baghdady S, Roman A, Elly C, Jin HS, Park Y, Croft M, Liu YC. The deubiquitinase CYLD controls protective immunity against helminth infection by regulation of Treg cell plasticity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 148:209-224.e9. [PMID: 33309741 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 immunity can be modulated by regulatory T (Treg) cell activity. It has been suggested that the deubiquitinase cylindromatosis (CYLD) plays a role in the development or function of Treg cells, implying that it could be important for normal protective immunity, where type 2 responses are prevalent. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the role of CYLD in Treg cell function and TH2 cell immune responses under steady-state conditions and during helminth infection. METHODS Foxp3-restricted CYLD conditional knockout (KO) mice were examined in mouse models of allergen-induced airway inflammation and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection. We performed multiplex magnetic bead assays, flow cytometry, and quantitative PCR to understand how a lack of CYLD affected cytokine production, homing, and suppression in Treg cells. Target genes regulated by CYLD were identified and validated by microarray analysis, coimmunoprecipitation, short hairpin RNA knockdown, and transfection assays. RESULTS Treg cell-specific CYLD KO mice showed severe spontaneous pulmonary inflammation with increased migration of Treg cells into the lung. CYLD-deficient Treg cells furthermore produced high levels of IL-4 and failed to suppress allergen-induced lung inflammation. Supporting this, the conditional KO mice displayed enhanced protection against N brasiliensis infection by contributing to type 2 immunity. Treg cell conversion into IL-4-producing cells was due to augmented mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor κB signaling. Moreover, Scinderin, a member of the actin-binding gelsolin family, was highly upregulated in CYLD-deficient Treg cells, and controlled IL-4 production through forming complexes with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular receptor kinase. Correspondingly, both excessive IL-4 production in vivo and the protective role of CYLD-deficient Treg cells against N brasiliensis were reversed by Scinderin ablation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that CYLD controls type 2 immune responses by regulating Treg cell conversion into TH2 cell-like effector cells, which potentiates parasite resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee H Lee
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, Calif; Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, Calif.
| | - Le Zou
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, Calif; Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Runqing Yang
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jihye Han
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Qingqing Wan
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, Calif; Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Sarah El Baghdady
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Andrea Roman
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Chris Elly
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Hyung-Seung Jin
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, Calif; Department of Convergence Medicine, ASAN Institute for Life Sciences, ASAN Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Park
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, Calif; Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Michael Croft
- Division of Immune Regulation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Yun-Cai Liu
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, Calif; Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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42
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Heidings JB, Demosthene B, Merlino TR, Castaneda N, Kang EH. Gelsolin-mediated actin filament severing in crowded environments. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 532:548-554. [PMID: 32900483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Gelsolin is a calcium-regulated actin binding protein that severs and caps actin filaments. Gelsolin's severing activity is important for regulating actin filament assembly dynamics that are required for cell motility as well as survival. The majority of in vitro studies of gelsolin have been performed in dilute buffer conditions which do not simulate the molecular interactions occurring in the crowded intracellular environment. We hypothesize that crowding results in greater gelsolin severing activity due to induced conformational changes in actin filaments and/or gelsolin. In this study, we evaluated the effects of crowding on gelsolin-mediated actin filament severing and gelsolin binding to actin filaments in crowded solutions, utilizing total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy and co-sedimentation assays. Our data indicates that the presence of crowders causes a decrease in the rate of gelsolin severing as well as a decrease in the amount of gelsolin bound to actin filaments, with greater effects caused by the polymeric crowder. Despite the severing rate decrease, gelsolin-mediated filament severing is increased in the presence of crowders. Understanding the crowding effect on gelsolin-mediated actin filament severing offers insight into the interactions between gelsolin and actin that occur inside the crowded cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B Heidings
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA; NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA
| | - Bryan Demosthene
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA
| | - Theresa R Merlino
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA
| | - Nicholas Castaneda
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA; NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA
| | - Ellen H Kang
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA; Department of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
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43
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Proteomic analysis of human dental pulp in different clinical diagnosis. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:3285-3295. [PMID: 33159586 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03660-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to identify proteins obtained from pulp tissue and correlate with each clinical diagnosis (healthy pulp, inflamed pulp, and necrotic pulp). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of forty-five molars were used. Three biological replicas were evaluated. Lysis and sonication were used for protein extraction. Protein quantification was assessed by using the Bradford technique, and shotgun proteome analysis was performed by nanoUPLC-MSE using a Synapt G2 mass spectrometer. Mass spectra data were processed using the Waters PLGS software, and protein identification was done using the human Uniprot database appended to the PLGS search engine. RESULTS A total of 123 different proteins were identified in all evaluated pulp conditions. Among these, 66 proteins were observed for healthy pulp, 66 for inflamed pulp, and 91 for necrotic pulp. Most protein identification was related to immune response, multi-organism process, platelet activation, and stress in inflamed pulp samples compared to healthy pulp. Proteins related to cellular component organization or biogenesis, developmental process, growth, immune response, multi-organism process, response to stimulus, signaling, stress, and transport were identified in cases of apical periodontitis compared to inflamed pulp. CONCLUSIONS The progression of the disease to inflamed pulp promoted a high abundance of proteins related to the immune system and stress. Comparing the necrotic pulp with inflamed pulp conditions, a high abundance of proteins was noticed related to metabolism, transport, and response between organisms. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This finding may assist in future studies of new markers, understanding of tissue engineering, and development of future products.
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Shoshan-Barmatz V, Shteinfer-Kuzmine A, Verma A. VDAC1 at the Intersection of Cell Metabolism, Apoptosis, and Diseases. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E1485. [PMID: 33114780 PMCID: PMC7693975 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) protein, is an important regulator of mitochondrial function, and serves as a mitochondrial gatekeeper, with responsibility for cellular fate. In addition to control over energy sources and metabolism, the protein also regulates epigenomic elements and apoptosis via mediating the release of apoptotic proteins from the mitochondria. Apoptotic and pathological conditions, as well as certain viruses, induce cell death by inducing VDAC1 overexpression leading to oligomerization, and the formation of a large channel within the VDAC1 homo-oligomer. This then permits the release of pro-apoptotic proteins from the mitochondria and subsequent apoptosis. Mitochondrial DNA can also be released through this channel, which triggers type-Ι interferon responses. VDAC1 also participates in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mitochondria cross-talk, and in the regulation of autophagy, and inflammation. Its location in the outer mitochondrial membrane, makes VDAC1 ideally placed to interact with over 100 proteins, and to orchestrate the interaction of mitochondrial and cellular activities through a number of signaling pathways. Here, we provide insights into the multiple functions of VDAC1 and describe its involvement in several diseases, which demonstrate the potential of this protein as a druggable target in a wide variety of pathologies, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varda Shoshan-Barmatz
- Department of Life Sciences and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; (A.S.-K.); (A.V.)
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Han SY, Lee EM, Kim S, Kwon AM, Baek EJ. Role of Plasma Gelsolin Protein in the Final Stage of Erythropoiesis and in Correction of Erythroid Dysplasia In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197132. [PMID: 32992584 PMCID: PMC7583768 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gelsolin, an actin-remodeling protein, is involved in cell motility, cytoskeletal remodeling, and cytokinesis and is abnormally expressed in many cancers. Recently, human recombinant plasma gelsolin protein (pGSN) was reported to have important roles in cell cycle and maturation of primary erythroblasts. However, the role of human plasma gelsolin in late stage erythroblasts prior to enucleation and putative clinical relevance in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and hemato-oncologic diseases have not been reported. Polychromatic and orthochromatic erythroblasts differentiated from human cord blood CD34+ cells, and human bone marrow (BM) cells derived from patients with MDS, were cultured in serum-free medium containing pGSN. Effects of pGSN on mitochondria, erythroid dysplasia, and enucleation were assessed in cellular and transcriptional levels. With pGSN treatment, terminal maturation at the stage of poly- and ortho-chromatic erythroblasts was enhanced, with higher numbers of orthochromatic erythroblasts and enucleated red blood cells (RBCs). pGSN also significantly decreased dysplastic features of cell morphology. Moreover, we found that patients with MDS with multi-lineage dysplasia or with excess blasts-1 showed significantly decreased expression of gelsolin mRNA (GSN) in their peripheral blood. When BM erythroblasts of MDS patients were cultured with pGSN, levels of mRNA transcripts related to terminal erythropoiesis and enucleation were markedly increased, with significantly decreased erythroid dysplasia. Moreover, pGSN treatment enhanced mitochondrial transmembrane potential that is unregulated in MDS and cultured cells. Our findings demonstrate a key role for plasma gelsolin in erythropoiesis and in gelsolin-depleted MDS patients, and raises the possibility that pGSN administration may promote erythropoiesis in erythroid dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (S.Y.H.); (S.K.)
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Eun Mi Lee
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Suyeon Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (S.Y.H.); (S.K.)
| | - Amy M. Kwon
- Biostatistical Consulting and Research Laboratory, Medical Research Collaborating Center, Industry-University Cooperation Foundation, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Eun Jung Baek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; (S.Y.H.); (S.K.)
- Department of Translational Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-560-2485; Fax: +82-31-560-2489
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46
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Altered Expression Ratio of Actin-Binding Gelsolin Isoforms Is a Novel Hallmark of Mitochondrial OXPHOS Dysfunction. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091922. [PMID: 32824961 PMCID: PMC7563380 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) defects are the primary cause of inborn errors of energy metabolism. Despite considerable progress on their genetic basis, their global pathophysiological consequences remain undefined. Previous studies reported that OXPHOS dysfunction associated with complex III deficiency exacerbated the expression and mitochondrial location of cytoskeletal gelsolin (GSN) to promote cell survival responses. In humans, besides the cytosolic isoform, GSN presents a plasma isoform secreted to extracellular environments. We analyzed the interplay between both GSN isoforms in human cellular and clinical models of OXPHOS dysfunction. Regardless of its pathogenic origin, OXPHOS dysfunction induced the physiological upregulation of cytosolic GSN in the mitochondria (mGSN), in parallel with a significant downregulation of plasma GSN (pGSN) levels. Consequently, significantly high mGSN-to-pGSN ratios were associated with OXPHOS deficiency both in human cells and blood. In contrast, control cells subjected to hydrogen peroxide or staurosporine treatments showed no correlation between oxidative stress or cell death induction and the altered levels and subcellular location of GSN isoforms, suggesting their specificity for OXPHOS dysfunction. In conclusion, a high mitochondrial-to-plasma GSN ratio represents a useful cellular indicator of OXPHOS defects, with potential use for future research of a wide range of clinical conditions with mitochondrial involvement.
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Messner CB, Demichev V, Wendisch D, Michalick L, White M, Freiwald A, Textoris-Taube K, Vernardis SI, Egger AS, Kreidl M, Ludwig D, Kilian C, Agostini F, Zelezniak A, Thibeault C, Pfeiffer M, Hippenstiel S, Hocke A, von Kalle C, Campbell A, Hayward C, Porteous DJ, Marioni RE, Langenberg C, Lilley KS, Kuebler WM, Mülleder M, Drosten C, Suttorp N, Witzenrath M, Kurth F, Sander LE, Ralser M. Ultra-High-Throughput Clinical Proteomics Reveals Classifiers of COVID-19 Infection. Cell Syst 2020; 11:11-24.e4. [PMID: 32619549 PMCID: PMC7264033 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented global challenge, and point-of-care diagnostic classifiers are urgently required. Here, we present a platform for ultra-high-throughput serum and plasma proteomics that builds on ISO13485 standardization to facilitate simple implementation in regulated clinical laboratories. Our low-cost workflow handles up to 180 samples per day, enables high precision quantification, and reduces batch effects for large-scale and longitudinal studies. We use our platform on samples collected from a cohort of early hospitalized cases of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and identify 27 potential biomarkers that are differentially expressed depending on the WHO severity grade of COVID-19. They include complement factors, the coagulation system, inflammation modulators, and pro-inflammatory factors upstream and downstream of interleukin 6. All protocols and software for implementing our approach are freely available. In total, this work supports the development of routine proteomic assays to aid clinical decision making and generate hypotheses about potential COVID-19 therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph B Messner
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London NW11AT, UK
| | - Vadim Demichev
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London NW11AT, UK; Department of Biochemistry, The University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB21GA, UK
| | - Daniel Wendisch
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Michalick
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Institute of Physiology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthew White
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London NW11AT, UK
| | - Anja Freiwald
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Core Facility - High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Charité Universitätsmedizin, Department of Biochemistry, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kathrin Textoris-Taube
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Core Facility - High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Spyros I Vernardis
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London NW11AT, UK
| | - Anna-Sophia Egger
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London NW11AT, UK
| | - Marco Kreidl
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London NW11AT, UK
| | - Daniela Ludwig
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Department of Biochemistry, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Kilian
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Department of Biochemistry, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Federica Agostini
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Department of Biochemistry, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aleksej Zelezniak
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London NW11AT, UK; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg 412 96, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Thibeault
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Pfeiffer
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hippenstiel
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Hocke
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christof von Kalle
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) and Charité Universitätsmedizin, Clinical Study Center (CSC), 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Archie Campbell
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Nine, Edinburgh Bioquarter, 9 Little France Road, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - David J Porteous
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Riccardo E Marioni
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London NW11AT, UK; MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Kathryn S Lilley
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB21GA, UK
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Institute of Physiology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Mülleder
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Core Facility - High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Drosten
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Department of Virology, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Suttorp
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Witzenrath
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Kurth
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, 10117 Berlin, Germany; Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leif Erik Sander
- Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Markus Ralser
- The Francis Crick Institute, Molecular Biology of Metabolism Laboratory, London NW11AT, UK; Charité Universitätsmedizin, Department of Biochemistry, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
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Yan W, Li J, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Cheng L, Li Y. Identification of a novel premature stop codon and other recurrent variations in the porcine gelsolin gene. Gene 2020; 754:144879. [PMID: 32531458 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Gelsolin is an actin-binding protein that plays a significant role in sustaining cell motility and cell metabolism. Investigations of the mutations present in the key regions of gelsolin provide extensive information to further understand the mechanism by which gelsolin causes variation in the phenotype [e.g., residual feed intake (RFI) or feed efficiency ]of pigs. However, there have been no investigations of the variation in functional binding regions or research on Chinese native pigs. In this study, three key regions of gelsolin were investigated in 144 pigs from six breeds using a sequencing method. The results revealed 16 nucleotide substitutions, eight of which (c.42-13G/T, c.59 T/C, c.86C/T, c.87G/T, c.104C/T, c.144 T/C, c.206G/C, and c.237 + 21A/G) were novel and identified in intron 1, exon 2, and intron 2. Two variants (c.87G/T and c.144 T/C) resulted in a premature stop codon (p.Gly16Uga(Stop)) and an amino acid change (p.Tyr35His), respectively. In region 1, c.144 T/C was the most common (at a total frequency of 46.5%), followed by c.42-13G/T (at a total frequency of 41.7%). In region 2, two variants (c.350A/G and c.374A/G) were most common (both at a total frequency of 36.1%). There were significant differences (P < 0.05) in variant frequencies between Chinese indigenous pigs and overseas pigs. Our findings revealed one novel premature stop codon and eight novel variations in re-sequencing regions, which suggest that these variations of gelsolin may influence its mRNA expression and consequently affect production traits in swine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China.
| | - Juyin Li
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Jingqi Zhang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3647, Australia
| | - Yanqing Li
- IPIG Management Consulting Company Limited, Guangzhou 511457, China
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Tavabe Ghavami TS, Irani S, Mirfakhrai R, Shirkoohi R. Differential expression of Scinderin and Gelsolin in gastric cancer and comparison with clinical and morphological characteristics. EXCLI JOURNAL 2020; 19:750-761. [PMID: 32636728 PMCID: PMC7332812 DOI: 10.17179/excli2020-1335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the first cause of cancer-related death in males and the second in female patients in Iran. Advanced cancer is usually associated with distant metastasis, which is uncontrollable. This study was conducted to compare the expression of Scinderin and Gelsolin genes between gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissue samples in Iranian patients in order to better understand the role of these genes in this disease and to assess them as potential gastric cancer diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers. This case-control study was conducted in 41 Iranian patients suffering from stage I to IV of Gastric Cancer diagnosed by pathologic and endoscopic tests. In this study, significant down-regulation of Gelsolin (p=0.001) and over-expression of Scinderin (p=0.001) were observed in tumor tissues compared to the adjacent normal tissues. The results of the present study showed decreased Gelsolin expression in patients above 40 years, while the relationship between Gelsolin expression and age was not significant; also, a significant increase was observed in Scinderin expression in patients above 40 years. Furthermore, Lymph node metastasis was observed in 59.52 % of the cases. The results showed that reduced Gelsolin and increased Scinderin expression were related to lymph node metastasis. Based on results, a significant association was observed between tumor size and Scinderin expression level. Furthermore, Gelsolin and Scinderin expressions were assessed in different grades and stages to determine the association of this gene with cancer progression. The result indicates significant alteration in Scinderin expression level of I and IV, II and IV, and III and IV stages. Although no significant association was observed between Scinderin expression level and GC grade, the mean Gelsolin expression showed a significant difference between grade II and III as well as grade I and IV. Based on our results, these genes would be potential biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mirfakhrai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Shirkoohi
- Cancer Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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50
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Miyazaki H, Yamanaka T, Oyama F, Kino Y, Kurosawa M, Yamada-Kurosawa M, Yamano R, Shimogori T, Hattori N, Nukina N. FACS-array-based cell purification yields a specific transcriptome of striatal medium spiny neurons in a murine Huntington disease model. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:9768-9785. [PMID: 32499373 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by expanded CAG repeats in the Huntingtin gene. Results from previous studies have suggested that transcriptional dysregulation is one of the key mechanisms underlying striatal medium spiny neuron (MSN) degeneration in HD. However, some of the critical genes involved in HD etiology or pathology could be masked in a common expression profiling assay because of contamination with non-MSN cells. To gain insight into the MSN-specific gene expression changes in presymptomatic R6/2 mice, a common HD mouse model, here we used a transgenic fluorescent protein marker of MSNs for purification via FACS before profiling gene expression with gene microarrays and compared the results of this "FACS-array" with those obtained with homogenized striatal samples (STR-array). We identified hundreds of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enhanced detection of MSN-specific DEGs by comparing the results of the FACS-array with those of the STR-array. The gene sets obtained included genes ubiquitously expressed in both MSNs and non-MSN cells of the brain and associated with transcriptional regulation and DNA damage responses. We proposed that the comparative gene expression approach using the FACS-array may be useful for uncovering the gene cascades affected in MSNs during HD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruko Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Structural Neuropathology, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan.,Laboratory for Structural Neuropathology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.,Laboratory for Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Development, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Neuroscience for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yamanaka
- Laboratory of Structural Neuropathology, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan.,Laboratory for Structural Neuropathology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.,Laboratory for Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Development, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Neuroscience for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Oyama
- Laboratory for Structural Neuropathology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Kogakuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kino
- Laboratory for Structural Neuropathology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Bioinformatics and Molecular Neuropathology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Kurosawa
- Laboratory for Structural Neuropathology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.,Institute for Environmental and Gender-specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Risa Yamano
- Laboratory of Structural Neuropathology, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomomi Shimogori
- Laboratory for Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Development, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Nukina
- Laboratory of Structural Neuropathology, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan .,Laboratory for Structural Neuropathology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Saitama, Japan.,Laboratory for Molecular Mechanisms of Brain Development, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Neuroscience for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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