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Hudson J, Kaeberlein T, Mahal A, Wong N, Ghorbanifarajzadeh M, Radella F, Isman A, Nyquist A, Zalzala S, Haddad G, Kaeberlein M, An JY. Evaluation of off-label rapamycin use on oral health. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01221-0. [PMID: 38839644 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Rapamycin (sirolimus) is an FDA approved drug with immune modulating properties that is being prescribed off-label in adults as a preventative therapy to maintain healthspan. We recently published one of the first reports on 333 adults with a history of off-label rapamycin use. Along with presenting evidence that rapamycin can be used safely in adults of normal health status, we discovered that about 26% of rapamycin users also reported oral health changes. Given the recent evidence highlighting the potential benefits of rapamycin and its derivatives in enhancing oral health, we conducted a secondary data analysis to profile the oral health of off-label rapamycin users, the true incidence of mouth sores, and present specific case studies of periodontal bone loss quantification using an FDA-approved artificial intelligence platform. Contrary to expected findings and previous literature, dimensions of rapamycin usage (such as length of use, dosage, and interval) were not found to be related to the incidence of mouth ulcers in rapamycin users. Notably, among rapamycin users, the most deleterious forms of ulcers were found to be infrequent and not statistically linked to rapamycin usage, with most rapamycin users having a common transient form of mouth ulcers. Additionally, we describe the general oral health outcomes of off-label rapamycin users and provide recommendations for individuals engaging in off-label rapamycin to be regularly checked by a dentist or an oral health care provider. This report was limited by being a secondary data analysis taken from survey data that focused on a more holistic health model. Future studies will use a focused survey that collects data on more dimensions of oral health outcomes while including questions on oral health for non-rapamycin-using participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Hudson
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Tammi Kaeberlein
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Akashdeep Mahal
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Nelson Wong
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | | | - Frank Radella
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jonathan Y An
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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2
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Lewis CJ, de Grey AD. Combining rejuvenation interventions in rodents: a milestone in biomedical gerontology whose time has come. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38477630 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2330425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Longevity research has matured to the point where significantly postponing age-related decline in physical and mental function is now achievable in the laboratory and foreseeable in the clinic. The most promising strategies involve rejuvenation, i.e. reducing biological age, not merely slowing its progression. AREAS COVERED We discuss therapeutic strategies for rejuvenation and results achieved thus far, with a focus on in vivo studies. We discuss the implications of interventions which act on mean or maximum lifespan and those showing effects in accelerated disease models. While the focus is on work conducted in mice, we also highlight notable insights in the field from studies in other model organisms. EXPERT OPINION Rejuvenation was originally proposed as easier than slowing aging because it targets initially inert changes to tissue structure and composition, rather than trying to disentangle processes that both create aging damage and maintain life. While recent studies support this hypothesis, a true test requires a panel of rejuvenation interventions targeting multiple damage categories simultaneously. Considerations of cost, profitability, and academic significance have dampened enthusiasm for such work, but it is vital. Now is the time for the field to take this key step toward the medical control of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin J Lewis
- Longevity Escape Velocity Foundation, San Francisco, CA, USA
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3
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Tenchov R, Sasso JM, Wang X, Zhou QA. Antiaging Strategies and Remedies: A Landscape of Research Progress and Promise. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:408-446. [PMID: 38214973 PMCID: PMC10853939 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is typified by a gradual loss of physiological fitness and accumulation of cellular damage, leading to deteriorated functions and enhanced vulnerability to diseases. Antiaging research has a long history throughout civilization, with many efforts put forth to understand and prevent the effects of aging. Multiple strategies aiming to promote healthy aging and extend the lifespan have been developed including lifestyle adjustments, medical treatments, and social programs. A multitude of antiaging medicines and remedies have also been explored. Here, we use data from the CAS Content Collection to analyze the publication landscape of recent research related to antiaging strategies and treatments. We review the recent advances and delineate trends in research headway of antiaging knowledge and practice across time, geography, and development pipelines. We further assess the state-of-the-art antiaging approaches and explore their correlations with age-related diseases. The landscape of antiaging drugs has been outlined and explored. Well-recognized and novel, currently evaluated antiaging agents have also been summarized. Finally, we review clinical applications of antiaging products with their development pipelines. The objective of this review is to summarize current knowledge on preventive strategies and treatment remedies in the field of aging, to outline challenges and evaluate growth opportunities, in order to further efforts to solve the problems that remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Tenchov
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Janet M. Sasso
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Xinmei Wang
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
| | - Qiongqiong Angela Zhou
- CAS, a Division of the American
Chemical Society, 2540 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, Ohio 43202, United States
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4
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Verma AK, Khan MI, Ashfaq F, Rizvi SI. Crosstalk Between Aging, Circadian Rhythm, and Melatonin. Rejuvenation Res 2023; 26:229-241. [PMID: 37847148 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2023.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms (CRs) are 24-hour periodic oscillations governed by an endogenous circadian pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which organizes the physiology and behavior of organisms. Circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) is also indicative of the aging process. In mammals, melatonin is primarily synthesized in the pineal gland and participates in a variety of multifaceted intracellular signaling networks and has been shown to synchronize CRs. Endogenous melatonin synthesis and its release tend to decrease progressively with advancing age. Older individuals experience frequent CR disruption, which hastens the process of aging. A profound understanding of the relationship between CRs and aging has the potential to improve existing treatments and facilitate development of novel chronotherapies that target age-related disorders. This review article aims to examine the circadian regulatory mechanisms in which melatonin plays a key role in signaling. We describe the basic architecture of the molecular circadian clock and its functional decline with age in detail. Furthermore, we discuss the role of melatonin in regulation of the circadian pacemaker and redox homeostasis during aging. Moreover, we also discuss the protective effect of exogenous melatonin supplementation in age-dependent CR disruption, which sheds light on this pleiotropic molecule and how it can be used as an effective chronotherapeutic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Idreesh Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fauzia Ashfaq
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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5
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van der Pol KH, Aljofan M, Blin O, Cornel JH, Rongen GA, Woestelandt AG, Spedding M. Drug Repurposing of Generic Drugs: Challenges and the Potential Role for Government. APPLIED HEALTH ECONOMICS AND HEALTH POLICY 2023; 21:831-840. [PMID: 37398987 PMCID: PMC10627937 DOI: 10.1007/s40258-023-00816-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Drug repurposing is the process of identifying a new use for an existing drug or active substance in an indication outside the scope of the original indication. Drug repurposing has important advantages including reduced development time and costs, and potentially large societal healthcare cost savings. However, current generic drug repurposing research faces a number of challenges in obtaining research funds. Furthermore, regardless of the success of a repurposing trial, commercial parties often lack interest in pursuing marketing authorisation for financial reasons, and academic researchers lack the knowledge, time and funding. Therefore, the new indication of a repurposed drug often does not make it 'on label'. We propose a large increase in public funding for generic drug repurposing research, including funds for the marketing authorisation process when a trial is successful, and a reduction in the regulatory burden of the marketing authorisation process for repurposed generic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel H van der Pol
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamad Aljofan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Olivier Blin
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix Marseille Université, Inserm UMR 1106, Marseille, France
| | - Jan H Cornel
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard A Rongen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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6
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Kaeberlein TL, Green AS, Haddad G, Hudson J, Isman A, Nyquist A, Rosen BS, Suh Y, Zalzala S, Zhang X, Blagosklonny MV, An JY, Kaeberlein M. Evaluation of off-label rapamycin use to promote healthspan in 333 adults. GeroScience 2023; 45:2757-2768. [PMID: 37191826 PMCID: PMC10187519 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapamycin (sirolimus) is an FDA-approved drug with immune-modulating and growth-inhibitory properties. Preclinical studies have shown that rapamycin extends lifespan and healthspan metrics in yeast, invertebrates, and rodents. Several physicians are now prescribing rapamycin off-label as a preventative therapy to maintain healthspan. Thus far, however, there is limited data available on side effects or efficacy associated with use of rapamycin in this context. To begin to address this gap in knowledge, we collected data from 333 adults with a history of off-label use of rapamycin by survey. Similar data were also collected from 172 adults who had never used rapamycin. Here, we describe the general characteristics of a patient cohort using off-label rapamycin and present initial evidence that rapamycin can be used safely in adults of normal health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammi L Kaeberlein
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | | | | | - Johnny Hudson
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | | | | | | | - Yousin Suh
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | | | - Xingyu Zhang
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | | | - Jonathan Y An
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Matt Kaeberlein
- Optispan Geroscience, Seattle, WA, 98168, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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7
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Lushchak O, Schosserer M, Grillari J. Senopathies-Diseases Associated with Cellular Senescence. Biomolecules 2023; 13:966. [PMID: 37371545 PMCID: PMC10296713 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence describes a stable cell cycle arrest state with a characteristic phenotype. Senescent cells accumulate in the human body during normal aging, limiting the lifespan and promoting aging-related, but also several non-related, pathologies. We propose to refer to all diseases whose pathogenesis or progression is associated with cellular senescence as "senopathies". Targeting senescent cells with senolytics or senomorphics is likely to mitigate these pathologies. Examples of senopathies include cardiovascular, metabolic, musculoskeletal, liver, kidney, and lung diseases and neurodegeneration. For all these pathologies, animal studies provide clear mechanistic evidence for a connection between senescent cell accumulation and disease progression. The major persisting challenge in developing novel senotherapies is the heterogeneity of senescence phenotypes, causing a lack of universal biomarkers and difficulties in discriminating senescent from non-senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleh Lushchak
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria;
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Precarpathian National University, 76000 Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
- Research and Development University, 76018 Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Markus Schosserer
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Grillari
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, 1200 Vienna, Austria;
- Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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8
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Vignali V, Hines PA, Cruz AG, Ziętek B, Herold R. Health horizons: Future trends and technologies from the European Medicines Agency's horizon scanning collaborations. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1064003. [PMID: 36569125 PMCID: PMC9772004 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1064003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In medicines development, the progress in science and technology is accelerating. Awareness of these developments and their associated challenges and opportunities is essential for medicines regulators and others to translate them into benefits for society. In this context, the European Medicines Agency uses horizon scanning to shine a light on early signals of relevant innovation and technological trends with impact on medicinal products. This article provides the results of systematic horizon scanning exercises conducted by the Agency, in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the European Commission's Joint Research Centre's (DG JRC). These collaborative exercises aim to inform policy-makers of new trends and increase preparedness in responding to them. A subset of 25 technological trends, divided into three clusters were selected and reviewed from the perspective of medicines regulators. For each of these trends, the expected impact and challenges for their adoption are discussed, along with recommendations for developers, regulators and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vignali
- European Medicines Agency, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Department of Biomedical Engineering, W.J. Kolff Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Philip A. Hines
- European Medicines Agency, Amsterdam, Netherlands,Faculty of Health Medicines and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Philip A. Hines,
| | | | | | - Ralf Herold
- European Medicines Agency, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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9
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Park JH, Koh EB, Seo YJ, Oh HS, Won JY, Hwang SC, Byun JH. Tiron Has Negative Effects on Osteogenic Differentiation via Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Human Periosteum-Derived Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214040. [PMID: 36430519 PMCID: PMC9693013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tiron is a potent antioxidant that counters the pathological effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production due to oxidative stress in various cell types. We examined the effects of tiron on mitochondrial function and osteoblastic differentiation in human periosteum-derived cells (hPDCs). Tiron increased mitochondrial activity and decreased senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity in hPDCs; however, it had a detrimental effect on osteoblastic differentiation by reducing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red-positive mineralization, regardless of H2O2 treatment. Osteoblast-differentiating hPDCs displayed increased ROS production compared with non-differentiating hPDCs, and treatment with tiron reduced ROS production in the differentiating cells. Antioxidants decreased the rates of oxygen consumption and ATP production, which are increased in hPDCs during osteoblastic differentiation. In addition, treatment with tiron reduced the levels of most mitochondrial proteins, which are increased in hPDCs during culture in osteogenic induction medium. These results suggest that tiron exerts negative effects on the osteoblastic differentiation of hPDCs by causing mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ho Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Eun-Byeol Koh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Young-Jin Seo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Hye-Seong Oh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Ju-Yeong Won
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Sun-Chul Hwang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - June-Ho Byun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Correspondence:
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10
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Natural Compounds and Products from an Anti-Aging Perspective. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207084. [PMID: 36296673 PMCID: PMC9610014 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a very complex process that is accompanied by a degenerative impairment in many of the major functions of the human body over time. This inevitable process is influenced by hereditary factors, lifestyle, and environmental influences such as xenobiotic pollution, infectious agents, UV radiation, diet-borne toxins, and so on. Many external and internal signs and symptoms are related with the aging process and senescence, including skin dryness and wrinkles, atherosclerosis, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, etc. Oxidative stress, a consequence of the imbalance between pro- and antioxidants, is one of the main provoking factors causing aging-related damages and concerns, due to the generation of highly reactive byproducts such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species during the metabolism, which result in cellular damage and apoptosis. Antioxidants can prevent these processes and extend healthy longevity due to the ability to inhibit the formation of free radicals or interrupt their propagation, thereby lowering the level of oxidative stress. This review focuses on supporting the antioxidant system of the organism by balancing the diet through the consumption of the necessary amount of natural ingredients, including vitamins, minerals, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), essential amino acids, probiotics, plants’ fibers, nutritional supplements, polyphenols, some phytoextracts, and drinking water.
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11
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Nielsen JL, Bakula D, Scheibye-Knudsen M. Clinical Trials Targeting Aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:820215. [PMID: 35821843 PMCID: PMC9261384 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.820215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The risk of morbidity and mortality increases exponentially with age. Chronic inflammation, accumulation of DNA damage, dysfunctional mitochondria, and increased senescent cell load are factors contributing to this. Mechanistic investigations have revealed specific pathways and processes which, proposedly, cause age-related phenotypes such as frailty, reduced physical resilience, and multi-morbidity. Among promising treatments alleviating the consequences of aging are caloric restriction and pharmacologically targeting longevity pathways such as the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), sirtuins, and anti-apoptotic pathways in senescent cells. Regulation of these pathways and processes has revealed significant health- and lifespan extending results in animal models. Nevertheless, it remains unclear if similar results translate to humans. A requirement of translation are the development of age- and morbidity associated biomarkers as longitudinal trials are difficult and not feasible, practical, nor ethical when human life span is the endpoint. Current biomarkers and the results of anti-aging intervention studies in humans will be covered within this paper. The future of clinical trials targeting aging may be phase 2 and 3 studies with larger populations if safety and tolerability of investigated medication continues not to be a hurdle for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Leth Nielsen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniela Bakula
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Scheibye-Knudsen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Martín Giménez VM, de las Heras N, Lahera V, Tresguerres JAF, Reiter RJ, Manucha W. Melatonin as an Anti-Aging Therapy for Age-Related Cardiovascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:888292. [PMID: 35721030 PMCID: PMC9204094 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.888292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The concept of “aging” is defined as the set of gradual and progressive changes in an organism that leads to an increased risk of weakness, disease, and death. This process may occur at the cellular and organ level, as well as in the entire organism of any living being. During aging, there is a decrease in biological functions and in the ability to adapt to metabolic stress. General effects of aging include mitochondrial, cellular, and organic dysfunction, immune impairment or inflammaging, oxidative stress, cognitive and cardiovascular alterations, among others. Therefore, one of the main harmful consequences of aging is the development and progression of multiple diseases related to these processes, especially at the cardiovascular and central nervous system levels. Both cardiovascular and neurodegenerative pathologies are highly disabling and, in many cases, lethal. In this context, melatonin, an endogenous compound naturally synthesized not only by the pineal gland but also by many cell types, may have a key role in the modulation of multiple mechanisms associated with aging. Additionally, this indoleamine is also a therapeutic agent, which may be administered exogenously with a high degree of safety. For this reason, melatonin could become an attractive and low-cost alternative for slowing the processes of aging and its associated diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virna Margarita Martín Giménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Tecnológicas, Universidad Católica de Cuyo, San Juan, Argentina
| | - Natalia de las Heras
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Lahera
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health San Antonio Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Walter Manucha
- Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Patología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Walter Manucha ;
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Liu JK. Antiaging agents: safe interventions to slow aging and healthy life span extension. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2022; 12:18. [PMID: 35534591 PMCID: PMC9086005 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00339-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Human longevity has increased dramatically during the past century. More than 20% of the 9 billion population of the world will exceed the age of 60 in 2050. Since the last three decades, some interventions and many preclinical studies have been found to show slowing aging and increasing the healthy lifespan of organisms from yeast, flies, rodents to nonhuman primates. The interventions are classified into two groups: lifestyle modifications and pharmacological/genetic manipulations. Some genetic pathways have been characterized to have a specific role in controlling aging and lifespan. Thus, all genes in the pathways are potential antiaging targets. Currently, many antiaging compounds target the calorie-restriction mimetic, autophagy induction, and putative enhancement of cell regeneration, epigenetic modulation of gene activity such as inhibition of histone deacetylases and DNA methyltransferases, are under development. It appears evident that the exploration of new targets for these antiaging agents based on biogerontological research provides an incredible opportunity for the healthcare and pharmaceutical industries. The present review focus on the properties of slow aging and healthy life span extension of natural products from various biological resources, endogenous substances, drugs, and synthetic compounds, as well as the mechanisms of targets for antiaging evaluation. These bioactive compounds that could benefit healthy aging and the potential role of life span extension are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Kai Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Long DE, Kosmac K, Dungan CM, Bamman MM, Peterson CA, Kern PA. Potential Benefits of Combined Statin and Metformin Therapy on Resistance Training Response in Older Individuals. Front Physiol 2022; 13:872745. [PMID: 35492586 PMCID: PMC9047873 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.872745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin and statins are currently the focus of large clinical trials testing their ability to counter age-associated declines in health, but recent reports suggest that both may negatively affect skeletal muscle response to exercise. However, it has also been suggested that metformin may act as a possible protectant of statin-related muscle symptoms. The potential impact of combined drug use on the hypertrophic response to resistance exercise in healthy older adults has not been described. We present secondary statin analyses of data from the MASTERS trial where metformin blunted the hypertrophy response in healthy participants (>65 years) following 14 weeks of progressive resistance training (PRT) when compared to identical placebo treatment (n = 94). Approximately one-third of MASTERS participants were taking prescribed statins. Combined metformin and statin resulted in rescue of the metformin-mediated impaired growth response to PRT but did not significantly affect strength. Improved muscle fiber growth may be associated with medication-induced increased abundance of CD11b+/CD206+ M2-like macrophages. Sarcopenia is a significant problem with aging and this study identifies a potential interaction between these commonly used drugs which may help prevent metformin-related blunting of the beneficial effects of PRT.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02308228, Registered on 25 November 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas E. Long
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Kate Kosmac
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Cory M. Dungan
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Marcas M. Bamman
- Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, United States
- Center for Exercise Medicine and Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Charlotte A. Peterson
- Department of Physical Therapy and Center for Muscle Biology, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Philip A. Kern
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- *Correspondence: Philip A. Kern,
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