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Direito R, Barbalho SM, Sepodes B, Figueira ME. Plant-Derived Bioactive Compounds: Exploring Neuroprotective, Metabolic, and Hepatoprotective Effects for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:577. [PMID: 38794239 PMCID: PMC11124874 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing trend among consumers to seek out natural foods and products with natural ingredients. This shift in consumer preferences had a direct impact on both food and pharmaceutical industries, leading to a focus of scientific research and commercial efforts to meet these new demands. The aim of this work is to review recent available scientific data on foods of interest, such as the artichoke, gooseberry, and polygonoideae plants, as well as olive oil and red raspberries. Interestingly, the urgency of solutions to the climate change emergency has brought new attention to by-products of grapevine bunch stem and cane, which have been found to contain bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. There is a pressing need for a faster process of translating scientific knowledge from the laboratory to real-world applications, especially in the face of the increasing societal burden associated with non-communicable diseases (NCDs), environmental crises, the post-pandemic world, and ongoing violent conflicts around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Direito
- Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical and Regulatory Science, Research Institute for Medicines, Universidade de Lisboa (iMed.ULisboa), Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal (M.E.F.)
| | - Sandra Maria Barbalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil;
- Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, University of Marília (UNIMAR), Avenida Hygino Muzzy Filho, 1001, Marília 17525-902, SP, Brazil
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Marília (FATEC), Avenida Castro Alves, 62, Marília 17500-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Sepodes
- Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical and Regulatory Science, Research Institute for Medicines, Universidade de Lisboa (iMed.ULisboa), Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal (M.E.F.)
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Eduardo Figueira
- Laboratory of Systems Integration Pharmacology, Clinical and Regulatory Science, Research Institute for Medicines, Universidade de Lisboa (iMed.ULisboa), Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal (M.E.F.)
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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Cueto Covarrubias LA, Valdez Solana MA, Avitia Domínguez C, Téllez Valencia A, Meza Velázquez JA, Sierra Campos E. Characterization of Moringa oleifera Seed Oil for the Development of a Biopackage Applied to Maintain the Quality of Turkey Ham. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:132. [PMID: 38201797 PMCID: PMC10780569 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera has a high level of active chemicals that are useful in the food industry, and they have antibacterial and food preservation properties. The characterization of M. oleifera seed oil (MOS) may vary due to agronomic and environmental factors. Therefore, it was necessary to know the composition of lipids present in our oil extracted under pressing at 180 °C and thus determine if it is suitable to produce a biopackaging. Within the characterization of the oil, it was obtained that MOS presented high-quality fatty acids (71% oleic acid) with low values of acidity (0.71 mg KOH/g) and peroxide (1.74 meq O2/kg). Furthermore, MOS was not very sensitive to lipoperoxidation by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBuOOH) and its phenolic components, oleic acid and tocopherols, allowed MOS to present a recovery of 70% after 30 min of treatment. Subsequently, a biopackaging was developed using a multiple emulsion containing corn starch/carboxymethylcellulose/glycerol/MOS, which presented good mechanical properties (strength and flexibility), transparency, and a barrier that prevents the transfer of UV light by 30% and UV-C by 98%, as well as a flux with the atmosphere of 5.12 × 10-8 g/ m.s. Pa that prevents moisture loss and protects the turkey ham from O2. Hence, the turkey ham suffered less weight loss and less hardness due to its preservation in the biopackaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesly Adamari Cueto Covarrubias
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas GP, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Artículo 123 S/N Fracc. Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio 35015, Durango, Mexico
| | - Mónica Andrea Valdez Solana
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas GP, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Artículo 123 S/N Fracc. Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio 35015, Durango, Mexico
| | - Claudia Avitia Domínguez
- Facultad de Medicina y Nutrición, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Universidad y Fanny Anitúa S/N, Durango 34000, Durango, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Téllez Valencia
- Facultad de Medicina y Nutrición, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Universidad y Fanny Anitúa S/N, Durango 34000, Durango, Mexico
| | - Jorge Armando Meza Velázquez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas GP, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Artículo 123 S/N Fracc. Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio 35015, Durango, Mexico
| | - Erick Sierra Campos
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas GP, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Av. Artículo 123 S/N Fracc. Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio 35015, Durango, Mexico
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Bounegru AV, Apetrei C. Studies on the Detection of Oleuropein from Extra Virgin Olive Oils Using Enzymatic Biosensors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012569. [PMID: 36293426 PMCID: PMC9604468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleuropein (OLEU) is an important indicator of the quality and authenticity of extra virgin olive oils (EVOO). Electrochemical sensors and biosensors for the detection of oleuropein can be used to test the adulteration of extra virgin olive oils. The present study aimed at the qualitative and quantitative determination of oleuropein in commercial EVOO samples by applying electrochemical techniques, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV). The sensing devices used were two newly constructed enzyme biosensors, supported on single-layer carbon-nanotube-modified carbon screen-printed electrode (SPE/SWCNT) on whose surface tyrosinase (SPE/SWCNT/Tyr) and laccase (SPE/SWCNT/Lac) were immobilized, respectively. The active surfaces of the two biosensors were analyzed and characterized by different methods, cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the results confirmed the efficient immobilization of the enzymes. SPE/SWCNT/Tyr was characterized by a low detection limit (LOD = 9.53 × 10−8 M) and a very good sensitivity (0.0718 μA·μM−1·cm−2) over a wide linearity range from 0.49 to 11.22 μM. The process occurring at the biosensor surface corresponds to kinetics (h = 0.90), and tyrosinase showed a high affinity towards OLEU. The tyrosinase-based biosensor was shown to have superior sensitive properties to the laccase-based one. Quantitative determination of OLEU in EVOOs was performed using SPE/SWCNT/Tyr and the results confirmed the presence of the compound in close amounts in the EVOOs analysed, proving that they have very good sensory properties.
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Pino C, Sepúlveda B, Tapia F, Saavedra J, García-González DL, Romero N. The Impact of Mild Frost Occurring at Different Harvesting Times on the Volatile and Phenolic Composition of Virgin Olive Oil. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050852. [PMID: 35624716 PMCID: PMC9137612 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The organoleptic characteristics of virgin olive oil (VOO), together with its nutritional and health properties, have led the olive tree to be cultivated beyond the Mediterranean basin, reaching latitudes with colder climates, with minimum temperatures below 0 °C and with a higher probability of early frosts. The freezing of olives generates destruction within the tissues and promotes degradation reactions. In this study, the impact of mild frost occurring at different harvesting times on the composition of volatiles and phenolic compounds in VOO were investigated. Arbequina variety olives were harvested at different stages of ripening. Half of the olives were subjected to oil extraction and the other half were frozen at −3 ± 1 °C for 12 h prior to oil extraction. A significant decrease of phenolic compounds with harvesting time was observed in both types of oils (fresh and frozen olives). Oils from frozen olives presented a slightly higher content of total phenols, except in the advanced ripening stage (September), and a slightly lower content of volatile compounds at all harvesting times. In addition, a higher content of 3,4-DHPEA-EDA was observed in oils from frozen olives, which is attributed to an early action of the endogenous β-glucosidase enzyme on oleuropein in freeze-damaged olive fruits. Principal component analysis and Discriminant Partial Least Square Regression allowed the oils to be classified according to the type of fruit (fresh and frozen) and the month of harvest. This study would indicate that mild frost would have a low impact on the chemical composition of virgin olive oil, although, this depends on the ripening stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Pino
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Betsabet Sepúlveda
- Centro Para el Desarrollo de la Química—CEPEDEQ, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Francisco Tapia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA Intihuasi), La Serena 1700000, Chile;
| | - Jorge Saavedra
- Escuela de Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
| | - Diego L. García-González
- Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Campus Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, Ctra. de Utrera, km. 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;
| | - Nalda Romero
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
- Correspondence:
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Grifola frondosa (Maitake) Extract Reduces Fat Accumulation and Improves Health Span in C. elegans through the DAF-16/FOXO and SKN-1/NRF2 Signalling Pathways. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113968. [PMID: 34836223 PMCID: PMC8620745 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, food ingredients rich in bioactive compounds have emerged as candidates to prevent excess adiposity and other metabolic complications characteristic of obesity, such as low-grade inflammation and oxidative status. Among them, fungi have gained popularity for their high polysaccharide content and other bioactive components with beneficial activities. Here, we use the C. elegans model to investigate the potential activities of a Grifola frondosa extract (GE), together with the underlying mechanisms of action. Our study revealed that GE represents an important source of polysaccharides and phenolic compounds with in vitro antioxidant activity. Treatment with our GE extract, which was found to be nongenotoxic through a SOS/umu test, significantly reduced the fat content of C. elegans, decreased the production of intracellular ROS and aging–lipofuscin pigment, and increased the lifespan of nematodes. Gene expression and mutant analyses demonstrated that the in vivo anti-obesity and antioxidant activities of GE were mediated through the daf-2/daf-16 and skn-1/nrf-2 signalling pathways, respectively. Taken together, our results suggest that our GE extract could be considered a potential functional ingredient for the prevention of obesity-related disturbances.
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Abstract
Virgin olive oil (VOO) has unique chemical characteristics among all other vegetable oils which are of paramount importance for human health. VOO constituents are also responsible of its peculiar flavor, a complex sensation due to a combination of aroma, taste, texture, and mouthfeel or trigeminal sensations. VOO flavor depends primarily on the concentration and nature of volatile and phenolic compounds present in olive oil which can change dramatically depending on agronomical and technological factors. Another aspect that can change the flavor perception is linked to the oral process during olive oil tasting. In fact, in this case, some human physiological and matrix effects modulate the flavor release in the mouth. The present review aims to give an overview on VOO flavor, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms affecting its production and release during a tasting.
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Rodríguez-Juan E, Rodríguez-Romero C, Fernández-Bolaños J, Florido MC, Garcia-Borrego A. Phenolic compounds from virgin olive oil obtained by natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES): effect of the extraction and recovery conditions. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 58:552-561. [PMID: 33568848 PMCID: PMC7847883 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04567-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Environmentally friendly natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) have been shown to efficiently extract a wide range of phenolic compounds from virgin olive oil (VOO). The objective of this work was to optimize the yield of olive oil phenols extracted by NADES based on xylitol/choline choride (Xyl/ChCl). Different extraction and recovery conditions were investigated, including the effect of different extraction operating parameters (temperature, time, VOO:NADES ratio) and subsequent recovery conditions (XAD resin height, wash-water and eluent volume and pH). The highest concentration of phenols (555.36 mg/kg VOO) was obtained from extraction at 40 °C for 1 h, with a 1:1 ratio, using an adsorption resin XAD-16 with bed height of 10 cm, 250 mL acidified wash-water and 300 mL EtOH 100% as eluent. No statistically significant loss of the sum of phenolic compounds was observed when compared with the concentration values obtained by direct analysis in HPLC without the elimination of NADES. Additionally, a sequential desorption with different concentration of ethanol was used to determine the effect of the solvent concentration on polyphenol yield. Polar compounds, such as hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, were recovered at 81.7% and 83.6%, respectively with 50 and 80% ethanol; however, 100% ethanol was required for the complete elution of oleacein (3,4-DHPEA-EDA) and oleocanthal (p-HPEA-EDA). In this paper we present an effective process for the extraction of polyphenols from VOO by NADES for direct analysis in HPLC and for the recovery and concentration of polyphenols by removing the solvent (NADES) with no losses of yield and solvent recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Rodríguez-Juan
- Instituto de La Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Campus University Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Romero
- Instituto de La Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Campus University Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Bolaños
- Instituto de La Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Campus University Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - María C. Florido
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica (ETSIA), University of Seville, Ctr. Utrera km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Aranzazu Garcia-Borrego
- Instituto de La Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Campus University Pablo de Olavide, Building 46, 41013 Seville, Spain
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Khamse S, Haftcheshmeh SM, Sadr SS, Roghani M, Kamalinejad M, Moghaddam PM, Golchoobian R, Ebrahimi F. The potential neuroprotective roles of olive leaf extract in an epilepsy rat model induced by kainic acid. Res Pharm Sci 2021; 16:48-57. [PMID: 33953774 PMCID: PMC8074804 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.305188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Epilepsy is recognized as a chronic neurologic disease. Increasing evidence has addressed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles of olive leaf extract (OLE) in neurodegenerative diseases. So, the current study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective roles of OLE in epilepsy. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Forty rats were divided into 4 groups including a control group, sham group, kainic acid (KA) group, and KA + OLE group. KA (4 μg/rat) was injected intrahippocampal, and OLE (300 mg/kg) was orally administrated for 4 weeks. Animals were sacrificed, and their hippocampi were isolated. KA- induced seizure activity was recorded. Oxidative stress index was assessed by measuring its indicators including malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrite, nitrate, and glutathione (GSH) as well as the catalase (CAT) activity. The supernatant concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the apoptosis rate in neurons were measured. FINDINGS/RESULTS Treatment with OLE significantly reduced the seizure score. OLE decreased oxidative stress index by reducing the concentration of MDA, nitrite, and nitrate as well as increasing the level of GSH. OLE had a significant anti-apoptotic effect on neurons. However, CAT activity and the level of TNF-α were not affected. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings indicated neuroprotective properties of OLE, which is mainly mediated by its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects, therefore, could be considered as a valuable therapeutic supplement for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safoura Khamse
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | | | - Seyed Shahabeddin Sadr
- Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamalinejad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Parvane Mohseni Moghaddam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
| | - Ravieh Golchoobian
- Cellular and Molecular Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, I.R. Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ebrahimi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, I.R. Iran
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Kouka P, Tekos F, Papoutsaki Z, Stathopoulos P, Halabalaki M, Tsantarliotou M, Zervos I, Nepka C, Liesivuori J, Rakitskii VN, Tsatsakis A, Veskoukis AS, Kouretas D. Olive oil with high polyphenolic content induces both beneficial and harmful alterations on rat redox status depending on the tissue. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:421-432. [PMID: 32140426 PMCID: PMC7052070 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive oil (OO) possesses a predominant role in the diet of Mediterranean countries. According to a health claim approved by the European Food Safety Authority, OO protects against oxidative stress‑induced lipid peroxidation in human blood, when it contains at least 5 mg of hydroxytyrosol and its derivatives per 20 g. However, studies regarding the effects of a total OO biophenols on redox status in vivo are scarce and either observational and do not provide a holistic picture of their action in tissues. Following a series of in vitro screening tests an OO containing biophenols at 800 mg/kg of OO was administered for 14 days to male Wistar rats at a dose corresponding to 20 g OO/per day to humans. Our results showed that OO reinforced the antioxidant profile of blood, brain, muscle and small intestine, it induced oxidative stress in spleen, pancreas, liver and heart, whereas no distinct effects were observed in lung, colon and kidney. The seemingly negative effects of OO follow the recently formulated idea in toxicology, namely the real life exposure scenario. This study reports that OO, although considered a nutritional source rich in antioxidants, it exerts a tissues specific action when administered in vivo.
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Key Words
- Biophenols
- Blood
- CARB, protein carbonyls
- CAT, catalase
- GSH, glutathione
- HT, hydroxytyrosol
- OLEA, oleacein
- OLEO, oleocanthal
- OO, olive oil
- Olive oil
- Real life exposure scenario
- Redox status
- T, tyrosol
- TAC, total antioxidant capacity
- TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
- Tissues
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Kouka
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Fotios Tekos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Zoi Papoutsaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Stathopoulos
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Halabalaki
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Tsantarliotou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Zervos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charitini Nepka
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Larissa, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Valerii N. Rakitskii
- Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene, F.F. Erisman, 2, Semashko Street, Mytishchi, Moscow Region 141014, Russia
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Aristidis S. Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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Deveci E, Tel-Çayan G, Duru ME, Öztürk M. Phytochemical contents, antioxidant effects, and inhibitory activities of key enzymes associated with Alzheimer's disease, ulcer, and skin disorders of Sideritis albiflora and Sideritis leptoclada. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e13078. [PMID: 31609004 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, urease, tyrosinase, cholinesterase inhibitory, and antioxidant activities of various extracts of Sideritis albiflora and Sideritis leptoclada were determined together with the phytochemical contents. In addition, the fatty acid compositions and phenolic compounds were investigated by gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid in both Sideritis species were identified as the most abundant phenolic compounds whereas palmitic acid was found as a major fatty acid. The acetone extract of S. leptoclada indicated the highest antioxidant activity in β-carotene-linoleic acid (IC50 : 17.23 ± 0.11 µg/ml), DPPH• (IC50 : 28.14 ± 0.05 µg/ml) and ABTS•+ (IC50 : 15.18 ± 0.02 µg/ml) assays. The acetone extract of S. albiflora (A0.50 : 32.71 ± 0.44 µg/ml) was found as the best reductant in cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assay. Against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), only the hexane extracts of Sideritis species showed moderate inhibitory activity. Moreover, all extracts of S. albiflora and the hexane extract of S. leptoclada exhibited significantly higher urease inhibitory activity than that of thiourea. Further, in vivo activity studies on extracts and isolated constituents obtained from these species are needed to understand the activity in biological systems. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Multiple pharmacological studies have proven that Sideritis species is precious with significant bioactive properties. This is the first comprehensive research to determine the enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activities of various extracts of S. albiflora and S. leptoclada with phytochemical contents. Both Sideritis species were found to be rich in rosmarinic and caffeic acids. The acetone extracts showed the highest activity in terms of antioxidant activity, while the hexane extracts exhibited superior urease inhibitory activity. These results show that Sideritis species could be used as urease inhibitors' agents and source of antioxidants in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Deveci
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Gülsen Tel-Çayan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Muğla Vocational School, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Duru
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Öztürk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Muğla, Turkey
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Cold-Pressing Olive Oil in the Presence of Cryomacerated Leaves of Olea or Citrus: Nutraceutical and Sensorial Features. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142625. [PMID: 31330951 PMCID: PMC6680596 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The nutraceutical properties of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) can be further improved by the addition of olive leaves during olive pressing. However, while Citrus leaves are rich sources of bioactive substances, no data are available in the literature about the effect of Citrus leaf addition on the nutraceutical and sensorial profiles of olive oil. This study aimed at comparing the chemical and sensorial qualities of olive oils obtained from ripe olives pressed together with either Olea or Citrus spp. (lemon or orange) cryomacerated leaves. General composition parameters as well as major antioxidants and antioxidant activity were measured. A panel test evaluation, as well as headspace volatile characterization (headspace solid phase microextraction, HS-SPME), were also performed. All data were compared with an EVOO extracted from the same olive batch used as control. It was possible to obtain Leaf Olive Oils (LOOs) characterized by a higher (p < 0.05) content of antioxidants, compared to the control sample, and the highest oleuropein concentration was detected in the olive oil extracted in presence of olive leaf (+50% in comparison with the control). All the LOOs showed a higher smell complexity and the scent of ripe fruit was generally mitigated. Lemon and olive LOOs showed the best smell profile.
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Sanchez-Rodriguez E, Biel-Glesson S, Fernandez-Navarro JR, Calleja MA, Espejo-Calvo JA, Gil-Extremera B, de la Torre R, Fito M, Covas MI, Vilchez P, Alche JDD, Martinez de Victoria E, Gil A, Mesa MD. Effects of Virgin Olive Oils Differing in Their Bioactive Compound Contents on Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030561. [PMID: 30845690 PMCID: PMC6470869 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A regular consumption of virgin olive oil (VOO) is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to assess whether the raw intake of an optimized VOO (OVOO, 490 ppm of phenolic compounds and 86 ppm of triterpenes), and a functional olive oil (FOO, 487 ppm of phenolic compounds and enriched with 389 ppm of triterpenes) supplementation (30 mL per day) during three weeks would provide additional health benefits to those produced by a standard VOO (124 ppm of phenolic compounds and 86 ppm of triterpenes) on oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers. Fifty-one healthy adults participated in a randomized, crossover, and controlled study. Urinary 8-hidroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, plasma interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF- α) concentrations were lower after the intervention with the FOO than after the OVOO (p = 0.033, p = 0.011 and p = 0.020, respectively). In addition, IL-8 was lower after the intervention with FOO than after VOO intervention (p = 0.002). This study provides a first level of evidence on the in vivo health benefits of olive oil triterpenes (oleanolic and maslinic acids) in healthy humans, decreasing DNA oxidation and plasma inflammatory biomarkers. The trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02520739.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Sanchez-Rodriguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Sara Biel-Glesson
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental "Alejandro Otero" (FIBAO), Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain.
| | - Jose R Fernandez-Navarro
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental "Alejandro Otero" (FIBAO), Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Calleja
- Fundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental "Alejandro Otero" (FIBAO), Avenida de Madrid 15, 18012 Granada, Spain.
| | - Juan A Espejo-Calvo
- Instituto para la Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria (ICSA), Avenida de la Hispanidad 17, 18320 Santa Fe, Granada, Spain.
| | - Blas Gil-Extremera
- Department of Medicine, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Rafael de la Torre
- Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Fito
- Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Maria-Isabel Covas
- Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- NUPROAS Handelsbolag, Nackã, Sweden, NUPROAS HB, Apartado de Correos 93, 17242 Girona, Spain.
| | - Pedro Vilchez
- Laboratorio CEM Europa S.L., Polígono Industrial "Cañada de la Fuente", Carretera Fuensanta, s/n, 23600 Martos, Jaén, Spain.
| | - Juan de Dios Alche
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (CSIC), Profesor Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain.
| | - Emilio Martinez de Victoria
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain.
| | - Angel Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Networking Centre, Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA). Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain.
| | - Maria D Mesa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Parque Tecnológico de la Salud, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA). Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain.
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13
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Chromatographic Separation of Phenolic Compounds from Extra Virgin Olive Oil: Development and Validation of a New Method Based on a Biphenyl HPLC Column. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010201. [PMID: 30625994 PMCID: PMC6337120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Three different high performance liquid chromatography columns were accessed for phenolic compounds (PC) separation in the hydrophilic fraction of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). Two fully porous C18 bonded silica phases and one partially porous biphenyl column were used. Biphenyl column allowed for an increase of more than 30% in peak capacity (nc), higher selectivity (α) (1.045), and improved retention (k), with a reduction of 22.1% in the retention time. The higher resolution (Rs) was obtained by using the biphenyl column, with a fair separation of oleuropein aglycone isomers (OAI) and a good identification of caffeic acid (CA). Tyrosol (T), hydroxytyrosol (HT), and dihydroxyphenyl glycol (DHPG) were also well separated and identified. Moreover, the method using a biphenyl column was fully validated according to the requirements for new methods. For all parameters, the method applying the biphenyl column proved to be a reliable, accurate, and robust tool for separation, identification, and quantification of the main PCs in EVOOs.
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14
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Panahi Y, Rajaee SM, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Neuroprotective effects of antioxidants in the management of neurodegenerative disorders: A literature review. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:2742-2748. [PMID: 29219206 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It is proven that oxidative stress has a pivotal role in the process of neurodegeneration. The use of antioxidants is an attractive method to prevent the incidence of neurodegenerative diseases. We searched major databases (PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar) using the keywords of neurodegeneration, oxidative stress, and antioxidant for both review and original studies, which have reported the various beneficial effects of antioxidants. About 70 studies were identified for this review. Among various antioxidants, nine antioxidants with the most applications in research investigations were selected and the major findings concerning their protective effects were reviewed. It is concluded that antioxidants can modify and readjust the oxidative stress in the biological milieu, elicit neuroprotective effects, and positively impact the management of neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunes Panahi
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mahdi Rajaee
- Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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15
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Yaribeygi H, Simental‐Mendía LE, Butler AE, Sahebkar A. Protective effects of plant‐derived natural products on renal complications. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:12161-12172. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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16
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Electrochemical Sensor-Based Devices for Assessing Bioactive Compounds in Olive Oils: A Brief Review. ELECTRONICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics7120387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical bioinspired sensor devices combined with chemometric tools have experienced great advances in the last years, being extensively used for food qualitative and quantitative evaluation, namely for olive oil analysis. Olive oil plays a key role in the Mediterranean diet, possessing unique and recognized nutritional and health properties as well as highly appreciated organoleptic characteristics. These positive attributes are mainly due to olive oil richness in bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds. In addition, these compounds enhance their overall sensory quality, being mainly responsible for the usual olive oil pungency and bitterness. This review aims to compile and discuss the main research advances reported in the literature regarding the use of electrochemical sensor based-devices for assessing bioactive compounds in olive oil. The main advantages and limitations of these fast, accurate, bioinspired voltammetric, potentiometric and/or amperometric sensor green-approaches will be addressed, aiming to establish the future challenges for becoming a practical quality analytical tool for industrial and commercial applications.
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17
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Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites. ANTIOXIDANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018. [PMID: 30469520 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7120170]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) polyphenols beneficial effects have widely been debated throughout the last three decades, with greater attention to hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, which are by far the most studied. The main concern about the evaluation of EVOO phenols activities in vitro and in vivo is that the absorption and metabolism of these compounds once ingested lead to the production of different metabolites in the human body. EVOO phenols in the ingested forms are less concentrated in human tissues than their glucuronide, sulfate and methyl metabolites; on the other hand, metabolites may undergo deconjugation before entering the cells and thus act as free forms or may be reformed inside the cells so acting as conjugated forms. In most in vitro studies the presence of methyl/sulfate/glucuronide functional groups does not seem to inhibit biological activity. Parent compounds and metabolites have been shown to reach tissue concentrations useful to exert beneficial effects others than antioxidant and scavenging properties, by modulating intracellular signaling and improving cellular response to oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory stimuli. This review aims to give an overview on the reported evidence of the positive effects exerted by the main EVOO polyphenols metabolites in comparison with the parent compounds.
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18
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Biological Relevance of Extra Virgin Olive Oil Polyphenols Metabolites. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7120170. [PMID: 30469520 PMCID: PMC6315336 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7120170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) polyphenols beneficial effects have widely been debated throughout the last three decades, with greater attention to hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol, which are by far the most studied. The main concern about the evaluation of EVOO phenols activities in vitro and in vivo is that the absorption and metabolism of these compounds once ingested lead to the production of different metabolites in the human body. EVOO phenols in the ingested forms are less concentrated in human tissues than their glucuronide, sulfate and methyl metabolites; on the other hand, metabolites may undergo deconjugation before entering the cells and thus act as free forms or may be reformed inside the cells so acting as conjugated forms. In most in vitro studies the presence of methyl/sulfate/glucuronide functional groups does not seem to inhibit biological activity. Parent compounds and metabolites have been shown to reach tissue concentrations useful to exert beneficial effects others than antioxidant and scavenging properties, by modulating intracellular signaling and improving cellular response to oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory stimuli. This review aims to give an overview on the reported evidence of the positive effects exerted by the main EVOO polyphenols metabolites in comparison with the parent compounds.
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19
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Gheorghe A, Pérez de Heredia F, Hunsche C, Redondo N, Díaz LE, Hernández O, Marcos A, De la Fuente M. Oxidative stress and immunosenescence in spleen of obese mice can be reversed by 2-hydroxyoleic acid. Exp Physiol 2018; 102:533-544. [PMID: 28205317 DOI: 10.1113/ep086157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Evidence is growing for the link between obesity, immune dysfunction and oxidative stress, but it is still not known how the properties and functions of the spleen and splenic leucocytes are affected. What is the main finding and its importance? Obesity led to premature immunosenescence, manifested as oxidative stress and changes in leucocyte functions in mouse spleen. The oleic acid derivative 2-hydroxyoleate and, to a lesser extent, a combination of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids could reverse most of the observed alterations, suggesting a potential therapeutic tool for obesity-related immune dysfunction and redox imbalance. We aimed to investigate the effects of obesity on oxidative stress and leucocyte function in the mouse spleen and to assess whether supplementation with 2-hydroxyoleic acid (2-OHOA) or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) could reverse those effects. Female ICR/CD1 mice (8 weeks old, n = 24) received an obesogenic diet (22% fat for 4 weeks and 60% fat for 14 weeks). After 6 weeks, mice were divided into the following three groups (n = 8 per group): no supplementation; 2-OHOA supplementation (1500 mg kg-1 of diet); and n-3 PUFA supplementation (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, 1500 + 1500 mg kg-1 of diet). Eight mice were fed the standard diet for the whole duration of the study (control group). At the end of the experiment, the following variables were assessed in spleens: levels of reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG, xanthine oxidase activity, lipid peroxidation, lymphocyte chemotaxis, natural killer activity and mitogen (concanavalin A and lipopolysaccharide)-induced lymphocyte proliferation. Obese animals presented higher GSSG levels (P = 0.003), GSSG/GSH ratio (P = 0.013), lipid peroxidation (P = 0.004), xanthine oxidase activity (P = 0.015) and lymphocyte chemotaxis (P < 0.001), and lower natural killer activity (P = 0.003) and proliferation in response to concanavalin A (P < 0.001) than control mice. 2-Hydroxyoleic acid totally or partly reversed most of the changes (body weight, fat content, GSSG levels, GSH/GSSG, lipid peroxidation, chemotaxis and proliferation, all P < 0.05), whereas n-3 PUFAs reversed the increase in xanthine oxidase activity (P = 0.032). In conclusion, 2-OHOA or, to a lesser extent, n-3 PUFAs could ameliorate the oxidative stress and alteration of leucocyte function in the spleens of obese mice. Our findings support a link between obesity and immunosenescence and suggest a potential therapeutic tool for obesity-related immune dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Gheorghe
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Caroline Hunsche
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemí Redondo
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ligia Esperanza Díaz
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Oskarina Hernández
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- Immunonutrition Research Group, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica De la Fuente
- Department of Animal Physiology II, Faculty of Biology, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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20
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Ghorbel I, Elwej A, Fendri N, Mnif H, Jamoussi K, Boudawara T, Grati Kamoun N, Zeghal N. Olive oil abrogates acrylamide induced nephrotoxicity by modulating biochemical and histological changes in rats. Ren Fail 2017; 39:236-245. [PMID: 27846768 PMCID: PMC6014333 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2016.1256320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is one of the most important contaminants occurring in foods heated at high temperatures. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective efficacy of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), a main component of the Mediterranean diet, against nephrotoxicity induced by ACR. Rats have received by gavage during 21 days either ACR (40 mg/kg body weight) or ACR-associated with EVOO (300 μl) or only EVOO (300 μl). Acrylamide induced nephrotoxicity as evidenced by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), protein carbonyls (PCOs) and a decrease in glutathione, non-protein thiols (NPSHs), and vitamin C levels. Activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were also decreased. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, creatinine, urea, and uric acid, urinary volume and creatinine clearance levels were modified. EVOO supplementation improved all the parameters indicated above. Kidney histoarchitecture confirmed the biochemical parameters and the beneficial role of EVOO. EVOO, when added to the diet, may have a beneficial role against kidney injury by scavenging free radicals and by its potent antioxidant power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ghorbel
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Awatef Elwej
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nesrine Fendri
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Héla Mnif
- Anatomopathology Laboratory, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Jamoussi
- Biochemistry Laboratory, CHU Hedi Chaker, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Tahia Boudawara
- Anatomopathology Laboratory, CHU Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Naziha Grati Kamoun
- Technology & Quality Research Unit, Olive Tree Institute, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Najiba Zeghal
- Animal Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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21
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Venturi F, Sanmartin C, Taglieri I, Nari A, Andrich G, Terzuoli E, Donnini S, Nicolella C, Zinnai A. Development of Phenol-Enriched Olive Oil with Phenolic Compounds Extracted from Wastewater Produced by Physical Refining. Nutrients 2017; 9:E916. [PMID: 28829365 PMCID: PMC5579709 DOI: 10.3390/nu9080916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While in the last few years the use of olive cake and mill wastewater as natural sources of phenolic compounds has been widely considered and several studies have focused on the development of new extraction methods and on the production of functional foods enriched with natural antioxidants, no data has been available on the production of a phenol-enriched refined olive oil with its own phenolic compounds extracted from wastewater produced during physical refining. In this study; we aimed to: (i) verify the effectiveness of a multi-step extraction process to recover the high-added-value phenolic compounds contained in wastewater derived from the preliminary washing degumming step of the physical refining of vegetal oils; (ii) evaluate their potential application for the stabilization of olive oil obtained with refined olive oils; and (iii) evaluate their antioxidant activity in an in vitro model of endothelial cells. The results obtained demonstrate the potential of using the refining wastewater as a source of bioactive compounds to improve the nutraceutical value as well as the antioxidant capacity of commercial olive oils. In the conditions adopted, the phenolic content significantly increased in the prototypes of phenol-enriched olive oils when compared with the control oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Venturi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood-Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Chiara Sanmartin
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood-Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Isabella Taglieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Anita Nari
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Gianpaolo Andrich
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood-Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Erika Terzuoli
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro, 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Sandra Donnini
- Department of Life Science, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro, 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Nicolella
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56122 Pisa, Italy.
- Consorzio Polo Tecnologico Magona, Via Magona, 57023 Cecina (LI), Italy.
| | - Angela Zinnai
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood-Nutraceuticals and Food for Health, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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22
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Reboredo-Rodríguez P, Figueiredo-González M, González-Barreiro C, Simal-Gándara J, Salvador MD, Cancho-Grande B, Fregapane G. State of the Art on Functional Virgin Olive Oils Enriched with Bioactive Compounds and Their Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030668. [PMID: 28335517 PMCID: PMC5372680 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Virgin olive oil, the main fat of the Mediterranean diet, is per se considered as a functional food—as stated by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)—due to its content in healthy compounds. The daily intake of endogenous bioactive phenolics from virgin olive oil is variable due to the influence of multiple agronomic and technological factors. Thus, a good strategy to ensure an optimal intake of polyphenols through habitual diet would be to produce enriched virgin olive oil with well-known bioactive polyphenols. Different sources of natural biological active substances can be potentially used to enrich virgin olive oil (e.g., raw materials derived from the same olive tree, mainly olive leaves and pomaces, and/or other compounds from plants and vegetables, mainly herbs and spices). The development of these functional olive oils may help in prevention of chronic diseases (such as cardiovascular diseases, immune frailty, ageing disorders and degenerative diseases) and improving the quality of life for many consumers reducing health care costs. In the present review, the most relevant scientific information related to the development of enriched virgin olive oil and their positive human health effects has been collected and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Reboredo-Rodríguez
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - María Figueiredo-González
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Carmen González-Barreiro
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - María Desamparados Salvador
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real Campus, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Cancho-Grande
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Giuseppe Fregapane
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real Campus, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
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23
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Kubant R, Poon AN, Sánchez-Hernández D, Domenichiello AF, Huot PSP, Pannia E, Cho CE, Hunschede S, Bazinet RP, Anderson GH. A comparison of effects of lard and hydrogenated vegetable shortening on the development of high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats. Nutr Diabetes 2015; 5:e188. [PMID: 26657014 PMCID: PMC4735054 DOI: 10.1038/nutd.2015.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is associated with increased consumption and preference for dietary fat. Experimental models of fat-induced obesity use either lard or vegetable shortening. Yet, there are no direct comparisons of these commonly used fat sources, or the influence of their fatty acid composition, on the development of diet-induced obesity. Objective: To compare the effects of lard and hydrogenated vegetable-shortening diets, which differ in their fatty acid composition, on weight gain and the development of obesity and insulin resistance in rats. Methods and design: Male Wistar rats were fed ad libitum for 14 weeks high-fat diets containing either (1) high vegetable fat (HVF, 60 kcal% from vegetable shortening) or (2) high lard fat (HLF, 60 kcal% from lard). Rats fed normal-fat (NF, 16 kcal% from vegetable shortening) diet served as control. Body weight, food intake, adipose tissue mass, serum 25[OH]D3, glucose, insulin and fatty acid composition of diets were measured. Results: Rats fed either of the two high-fat diets had higher energy intake, weight gain and fat accretion than rats fed normal-fat diet. However, rats fed the HLF diet consumed more calories and gained more weight and body fat with greater increases of 32% in total (158.5±8.2 vs 120.2±6.6 g, P<0.05), 30% in visceral (104.4±5.2 vs 80.3±4.2 g, P<0.05) and 36% in subcutaneous fat mass (54.1±3.6 vs 39.9±3.1 g, P<0.05), compared with rats fed the HVF diet. Higher visceral adiposity was positively correlated with serum insulin (r=0.376, P<0.05) and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (r=0.391, P<0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that lard-based high-fat diets accentuate the increase in weight gain and the development of obesity and insulin resistance more than hydrogenated vegetable-shortening diets. These results further point to the importance of standardizing fatty acid composition and type of fat used in determining outcomes of consuming high-fat diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kubant
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A N Poon
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Sánchez-Hernández
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A F Domenichiello
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - P S P Huot
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - E Pannia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - C E Cho
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Hunschede
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - R P Bazinet
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - G H Anderson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Potentas E, Witkowska AM, Zujko ME. Mediterranean diet for breast cancer prevention and treatment in postmenopausal women. PRZEGLAD MENOPAUZALNY = MENOPAUSE REVIEW 2015; 14:247-53. [PMID: 26848297 PMCID: PMC4733898 DOI: 10.5114/pm.2015.56381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer has become a big oncological concern both in Poland and most countries around the world. Epidemiological studies show that women who are directly in danger of suffering from breast cancer are mainly postmenopausal women. Due to the seriousness of the problem more attention is devoted to preventative measures that should be undertaken. That is why, Mediterranean diet and its beneficial effects on health started to be discussed. This diet contains antioxidants and shows anti-inflammatory properties which are crucial in breast cancer prevention. Its components are fish, olive oil, unrefined cereals, herbs, fruits and vegetables. In 1960s there was research done on the influence of low fat diet, as a preventative measure, on coronary artery disease. In 1980s, an interest in this diet grew and there was a great come-back to the origins of the diet. It led to estimation of its influence on cardiological and cancer diseases. Many positive effects were observed among people living in the Mediterranean area as far as health qualities of the diet are concerned. Mediterranean diet was compared with high fat diet of people living in Northern Europe and the USA. It seems to create new dietary recommendations as a preventative measure in breast cancer disease. The following article presents most recent data on the importance of Mediterranean diet as a prevention against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Potentas
- Department of Food Commodities Science and Technology, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Maria Witkowska
- Department of Food Commodities Science and Technology, Medical University of Białystok, Poland
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Rozati M, Barnett J, Wu D, Handelman G, Saltzman E, Wilson T, Li L, Wang J, Marcos A, Ordovás JM, Lee YC, Meydani M, Meydani SN. Cardio-metabolic and immunological impacts of extra virgin olive oil consumption in overweight and obese older adults: a randomized controlled trial. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2015; 12:28. [PMID: 26251666 PMCID: PMC4527272 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-015-0022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Both aging and obesity are related to dysregulated immune function, which may be responsible for increased risk of infection and also chronic non-infectious diseases. Dietary lipids have been shown to impact immune and inflammatory responses and cardio-metabolic risk factors. No information on the impact of olive oil on immune responses of overweight and obese older adults is available. Objective We aimed to determine the effect of replacing oils used in a typical American diet with extra virgin olive oil for 3 months on immune responses and cardio-metabolic risk factors in overweight and obese older adults. Methods This was a randomized, single-blinded and placebo-controlled trial in 41 overweight or obese participants (aged ≥ 65) who consumed a typical American diet. Participants in the control (CON, n = 21) group were provided with a mixture of corn, soybean oil and butter, and those in the olive oil (OO, n = 20) group, with extra virgin olive oil, to replace substitutable oils in their diet. At baseline and 3 months, we measured blood pressure, biochemical and immunological parameters using fasting blood, and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin response. Results Compared to the CON group, the OO group showed decreased systolic blood pressure (P < 0.05), a strong trend toward increased plasma HDL-C concentrations (P = 0.06), and increased anti-CD3/anti-CD28 -stimulated T cell proliferation (P < 0.05). No differences were found in T cell phenotype, cytokine production, and DTH response between the two groups. Conclusions Our results indicate that substitution of oils used in a typical American diet with extra virgin olive oil in overweight and obese older adults may have cardio-metabolic and immunological health benefits. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01903304.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Rozati
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA ; Department of Health and Clinical Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell 3 Solomont Way, Suite 4, Lowell, MA 01854 USA
| | - Junaidah Barnett
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA
| | - Dayong Wu
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA
| | - Garry Handelman
- Department of Health and Clinical Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell 3 Solomont Way, Suite 4, Lowell, MA 01854 USA
| | - Edward Saltzman
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA
| | - Thomas Wilson
- Department of Health and Clinical Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell 3 Solomont Way, Suite 4, Lowell, MA 01854 USA
| | - Lijun Li
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA
| | - Junpeng Wang
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA
| | - Ascensión Marcos
- Institute of Food Science and Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Scientific National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Ordovás
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA
| | - Yu-Chi Lee
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA
| | - Mohsen Meydani
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA
| | - Simin Nikbin Meydani
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111 USA
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Abdel-Wahhab MA, Aljawish A, El-Nekeety AA, Abdel-Aiezm SH, Abdel-Kader HAM, Rihn BH, Joubert O. Chitosan nanoparticles and quercetin modulate gene expression and prevent the genotoxicity of aflatoxin B 1 in rat liver. Toxicol Rep 2015; 2:737-747. [PMID: 28962409 PMCID: PMC5598511 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of the current study were to prepare chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) and to evaluate its protective role alone or in combination with quercetin (Q) against AFB1-induce cytotoxicity in rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 12 groups and treated orally for 4 weeks as follow: the control group, the group treated with AFB1 (80 μg/kg b.w.) in corn oil, the groups treated with low (140 mg/kg b.w.) or high (280 mg/kg b.w.) dose of CNPs, the group treated with Q (50 mg/kg b.w.), the groups treated with Q plus the low or the high dose of CNPs and the groups treated with AFB1 plus Q and/or CNPs at the two tested doses. The results also revealed that administration of AFB1 resulted in a significant increase in serum cytokines, Procollagen III, Nitric Oxide, lipid peroxidation and DNA fragmentation accompanied with a significant decrease in GPx I and Cu–Zn SOD-mRNA gene expression. Q and/or CNPs at the two tested doses overcome these effects especially in the group treated with the high dose of CNPs plus Q. It could be concluded that CNPs is a promise candidate as drug delivery enhances the protective effect of Q against the cytogenetic effects of AFB1 in high endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosaad A Abdel-Wahhab
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdulhadi Aljawish
- Université de Lorraine, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Biomolécules (LIBio), 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, TSA40602-F-54518 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Aziza A El-Nekeety
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Bertrand H Rihn
- Faculty of Pharmacy, EA 3452 CITHEFOR, Lorraine University, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Joubert
- Faculty of Pharmacy, EA 3452 CITHEFOR, Lorraine University, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France
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Migliori M, Cantaluppi V, Mannari C, Bertelli AAE, Medica D, Quercia AD, Navarro V, Scatena A, Giovannini L, Biancone L, Panichi V. Caffeic acid, a phenol found in white wine, modulates endothelial nitric oxide production and protects from oxidative stress-associated endothelial cell injury. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117530. [PMID: 25853700 PMCID: PMC4390339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Several studies demonstrated that endothelium dependent vasodilatation is impaired in cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases because of oxidant stress-induced nitric oxide availability reduction. The Mediterranean diet, which is characterized by food containing phenols, was correlated with a reduced incidence of cardiovascular diseases and delayed progression toward end stage chronic renal failure. Previous studies demonstrated that both red and white wine exert cardioprotective effects. In particular, wine contains Caffeic acid (CAF), an active component with known antioxidant activities. Aim of the study The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effect of low doses of CAF on oxidative stress-induced endothelial injury. Results CAF increased basal as well as acetylcholine—induced NO release by a mechanism independent from eNOS expression and phosphorylation. In addition, low doses of CAF (100 nM and 1 μM) increased proliferation and angiogenesis and inhibited leukocyte adhesion and endothelial cell apoptosis induced by hypoxia or by the uremic toxins ADMA, p-cresyl sulfate and indoxyl sulfate. The biological effects exerted by CAF on endothelial cells may be at least in part ascribed to modulation of NO release and by decreased ROS production. In an experimental model of kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice, CAF significantly decreased tubular cell apoptosis, intraluminal cast deposition and leukocyte infiltration. Conclusion The results of the present study suggest that CAF, at very low dosages similar to those observed after moderate white wine consumption, may exert a protective effect on endothelial cell function by modulating NO release independently from eNOS expression and phosphorylation. CAF-induced NO modulation may limit cardiovascular and kidney disease progression associated with oxidative stress-mediated endothelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenzo Cantaluppi
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudio Mannari
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Davide Medica
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Domenico Quercia
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Victor Navarro
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessia Scatena
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Versilia Hospital, Lido di Camaiore, Italy
| | - Luca Giovannini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technology in Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luigi Biancone
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Panichi
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Versilia Hospital, Lido di Camaiore, Italy
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Migliori M, Panichi V, de la Torre R, Fitó M, Covas M, Bertelli A, Muñoz-Aguayo D, Scatena A, Paoletti S, Ronco C. Anti-Inflammatory Effect of White Wine in CKD Patients and Healthy Volunteers. Blood Purif 2015; 39:218-223. [DOI: 10.1159/000371570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Mediterranean-style diet has been considered for its important beneficial effects on the progression of CV disease. Wine is an important component of the Mediterranean diet, and moderate wine drinkers have lower mortality rates than nondrinkers and heavy drinkers in epidemiologic studies. The beneficial effects of red wine are thought to be dependent on the polyphenol compounds such as resveratrol that exhibit potent antioxidant activity. However, white wine, although lacking polyphenols, contains simple phenols, such as tyrosol (Tyr) and hydroxytyrosol (OH-Tyr), characteristic also of extra-virgin olive oil, which may share similar antioxidant and inflammatory properties. Patients and Methods: The effect of white wine and extra-virgin olive oil on inflammatory markers was evaluated in 10 healthy volunteers and in 10 patients with CKD (chronic kidney disease) K-DOQI stage III-IV in a prospective, single blind, randomized, cross-over trial. After two weeks of wash-out from alcoholic beverages, subjects were randomized to a cross-over design A-B or B-A of a 2-week treatment with white wine (4 ml/kg body weight, 0.48 g/kg of alcohol 12%, corresponding to 2-3 glasses/daily) and extra-virgin olive oil (treatment A) or extra-virgin olive oil alone (treatment B). The two study periods were separated by a two-week wash-out period. At baseline and at the end of each treatment, plasma levels of inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-8 (IL-8) concentration were determined. Urinary levels of Tyr, OH-Tyr, and their metabolites were measured at the same time. Results: During combined consumption of white wine and extra-virgin olive oil (treatment A), plasma levels of CRP and IL-6 decreased from 4.1 ± 1.8 to 2.4 ± 1.9 mg/l (p < 0.05) and from 5.3 ± 3.2 to 3.4 ± 2.3 mg/l (p < 0.05) in CKD patients. CRP decreased from 2.6 ± 1.2 to 1.9 ± 0.9 mg/l (p < 0.05), and IL-6 decreased from 2.2 ± 1.8 to 1.7 ± 1.3 mg/l (p = ns) in healthy volunteers. No significant variation versus baseline was observed during treatment B. A significant increase in urinary Tyr and OH-Tyr was observed during treatment A (white wine and extra-virgin olive oil). Conclusions: Plasma markers of chronic inflammation were significantly reduced in CKD patients during the combined consumption of white wine and olive oil, suggesting a possible anti-inflammatory effect of this nutritional intervention.
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Favero G, Paganelli C, Buffoli B, Rodella LF, Rezzani R. Endothelium and its alterations in cardiovascular diseases: life style intervention. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:801896. [PMID: 24719887 PMCID: PMC3955677 DOI: 10.1155/2014/801896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The endothelium, which forms the inner cellular lining of blood vessels and lymphatics, is a highly metabolically active organ that is involved in many physiopathological processes, including the control of vasomotor tone, barrier function, leukocyte adhesion, and trafficking and inflammation. In this review, we summarized and described the following: (i) endothelial cell function in physiological conditions and (ii) endothelial cell activation and dysfunction in the main cardiovascular diseases (such as atherosclerosis, and hypertension) and to diabetes, cigarette smoking, and aging physiological process. Finally, we presented the currently available evidence that supports the beneficial effects of physical activity and various dietary compounds on endothelial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Favero
- Section of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Corrado Paganelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Barbara Buffoli
- Section of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi Fabrizio Rodella
- Section of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Rita Rezzani
- Section of Anatomy and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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Rodrigues BP, Campagnaro BP, Balarini CM, Pereira TMC, Meyrelles SS, Vasquez EC. Sildenafil ameliorates biomarkers of genotoxicity in an experimental model of spontaneous atherosclerosis. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:128. [PMID: 23981672 PMCID: PMC3766097 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to oxidative stress observed in atherosclerosis and that ROS can also cause damage in cellular macromolecules, including DNA. Considering previous report that sildenafil, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), has antioxidant effects, in the present study we evaluated the effect of this drug on genotoxicity of blood mononuclear cells (MNC) and liver cells from atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E knockout mice (apoE(-/-)). METHODS ROS production in MNC was evaluated by flow cytometry with the fluorescent dye dihydroethidium (DHE), a method that has been used to quantify the production of superoxide anion, and DNA damage was evaluated in both MNC and liver cells using the alkaline comet assay. Sildenafil-administered apoE(-/-) mice were compared with strain-matched mice administered with vehicle and with C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice. RESULTS MNC from apoE(-/-) vehicle exhibited a 2-fold increase in production of superoxide anion in comparison with WT. In contrast, sildenafil-administered apoE(-/-) mice showed superoxide anion levels similar to those observed in WT mice. Similarly, MNC and liver cells from apoE(-/-) vehicle mice showed a 4-fold and 2-fold augmented DNA fragmentation compared with WT, respectively, and sildenafil-administered apoE(-/-) mice exhibited minimal DNA damage in those cells similar to WT mice. CONCLUSIONS ApoE(-/-) mice chronically administered with sildenafil exhibited reduced levels of superoxide anion in MNC and less DNA fragmentation in MNC and liver cells, which are biomarkers of genotoxicity. Therefore, sildenafil may offer a new perspective to the use of PDE5 inhibitors to protect against DNA damage, in cells involved in the inflammatory and dyslipidemic processes that accompany atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca P Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Bianca P Campagnaro
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vila Velha (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Camille M Balarini
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Thiago M C Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vila Velha (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Silvana S Meyrelles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Elisardo C Vasquez
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vila Velha (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
- Emescam School of Health Sciences, Vitoria, Brazil
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Antinociceptive and Antioxidant Activities of Phytol In Vivo and In Vitro Models. NEUROSCIENCE JOURNAL 2013; 2013:949452. [PMID: 26317107 PMCID: PMC4437258 DOI: 10.1155/2013/949452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of phytol using chemical and thermal models of nociception in mice and to assess its antioxidant effects in vitro. Phytol was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) to mice at doses of 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, phytol significantly reduced the number of contortions compared to the control group (P < 0.001). In the formalin test, phytol reduced significantly the amount of time spent in paw licking in both phases (the neurogenic and inflammatory phases), this effect being more pronounced in the second phase (P < 0.001). Phytol also provoked a significant increase in latency in the hot plate test. These antinociceptive effects did not impaire the motor performance, as shown in the rotarod test. Phytol demonstrated a strong antioxidant effect in vitro in its capacity to remove hydroxyl radicals and nitric oxide as well as to prevent the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Taken as a whole, these results show the pronounced antinociceptive effects of phytol in the nociception models used, both through its central and peripheral actions, but also its antioxidant properties demonstrated in the in vitro methods used.
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Abstract
Background/objectives: Elevated oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) may promote inflammation, and is associated with increased risk of atherosclerotic coronary heart disease and worsening complications of diabetes mellitus. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of chitin-glucan (CG), alone and in combination with a potentially anti-inflammatory olive oil (OO) extract, for reducing OxLDL in subjects with borderline to high LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Subjects/methods: This 6-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of a novel, insoluble fiber derived from the Aspergillus niger mycelium, CG, evaluated 130 subjects free of diabetes mellitus with fasting LDL-C 3.37–4.92 mmol/l and glucose ⩽6.94 mmol/l. Participants were randomly assigned to receive CG (4.5 g/day; n=33), CG (1.5 g/day; n=32), CG (1.5 g/day) plus OO extract (135 mg/day; n=30), or matching placebo (n=35). Results: Administration of 4.5 g/day CG for 6 weeks significantly reduced OxLDL compared with placebo (P=0.035). At the end of study, CG was associated with lower LDL-C levels relative to placebo, although this difference was statistically significant only for the CG 1.5 g/day group (P=0.019). CG did not significantly affect high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin or F2-isoprostane levels. Adverse events did not substantively differ between treatments and placebo. Conclusions: In this 6-week study, CG (4.5 g/day) reduced OxLDL, an effect that might affect the risk for atherosclerosis.
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Caramia G, Gori A, Valli E, Cerretani L. Virgin olive oil in preventive medicine: From legend to epigenetics. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201100164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Samaniego-Sánchez C, Oliveras-López MJ, Quesada-Granados JJ, Villalón-Mir M, Serrana HLG. Alterations in picual extra virgin olive oils under different storage conditions. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201100191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Warnke I, Goralczyk R, Fuhrer E, Schwager J. Dietary constituents reduce lipid accumulation in murine C3H10 T1/2 adipocytes: A novel fluorescent method to quantify fat droplets. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2011; 8:30. [PMID: 21569430 PMCID: PMC3117678 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-8-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adipocyte volume (fat accumulation) and cell number (adipogenesis) is increased in obese individuals. Our objective was the identification of dietary constituents with inhibitory effects on triglyceride formation during adipogenesis. Therefore an in vitro adipose cell assay in murine C3H10 T1/2 cells was developed, which enabled rapid quantification of intracellular fat droplet accumulation during adipocyte differentiation. Results were corroborated by expression levels of several specific adipogenic and lipogenic genes which are known to regulate triglyceride accumulation. Methods C3H10 T1/2 adipocyte differentiation was conducted with rosiglitazone in the presence of test compounds for 7 days. Accumulation of intracellular lipid droplets was measured using the Cellomics® ArrayScan® VTI HCS reader and SpotDetector® BioApplication from ThermoFisher. Fluorescent images were automatically acquired and analysed employing the fluorescent dyes BODIPY® 493/503 and Hoechst 33342, for staining neutral lipids and localisation of nuclei, respectively. The expression levels of adipogenic and lipogenic genes, such as PPARα and PPARγ, C/EBPα, aP2, adiponectin, LPL and HSL, CPT-1β, ACC1, Glut4 and FAS, were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Dietary ingredients including PUFAs, carotenoids, polyphenols and catechins were tested for their effect on lipid accumulation. Results The ω-3 PUFAs docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), the carotenoid β-carotene and hydroxytyrosol exhibited the strongest inhibitory effects on the rosiglitazone-stimulated lipid formation. (all-E)-lycopene and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) showed a moderate inhibition, whereas resveratrol did not reduce fat droplet formation. Additionally, it was demonstrated that adipogenic and lipogenic gene expression was attenuated. DHA, β-carotene and hydroxytyrosol inhibited the gene expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, aP2 and CPT-1β. Conclusion This in vitro assay in differentiating adipocytes enables automated detection and quantification of changes in lipid droplet number, size and intensity. The observed inhibitory effects of identified dietary constituents such as ω-3 PUFAs and β-carotene correlate with the modulation of genes involved in adipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Warnke
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd,; Department of Human Nutrition and Health, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.
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El Riachy M, Priego-Capote F, León L, Rallo L, Luque de Castro MD. Hydrophilic antioxidants of virgin olive oil. Part 1: Hydrophilic phenols: A key factor for virgin olive oil quality. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201000400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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